Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| the dental plaque microbiome in health and disease. | dental decay is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide. a variety of factors, including microbial, genetic, immunological, behavioral and environmental, interact to contribute to dental caries onset and development. previous studies focused on the microbial basis for dental caries have identified species associated with both dental health and disease. the purpose of the current study was to improve our knowledge of the microbial species involved in dental caries and health by perfo ... | 2013 | 23520516 |
| immune status, antibiotic medication and ph are associated with changes in the stomach fluid microbiota. | the stomach acts as a barrier to ingested microbes, thereby influencing the microbial ecology of the entire gastrointestinal (gi) tract. the stomach microbiota and the role of human host and environmental factors, such as health status or medications, in shaping its composition remain largely unknown. we sought to characterize the bacterial and fungal microbiota in the stomach fluid in order to gain insights into the role of the stomach in gi homeostasis. gastric fluid was collected from 25 pati ... | 2013 | 23466701 |
| the effects of oral and enteric campylobacter concisus strains on expression of tlr4, md-2, tlr2, tlr5 and cox-2 in ht-29 cells. | campylobacter concisus, a gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the human oral cavity, has been shown to be associated with inflammatory bowel diseases (ibd). the effects of different c. concisus strains on intestinal epithelial expression of toll like receptors (tlr) have not been investigated. this study examined the effects of c. concisus strains isolated from patients with ibd and controls on expression of tlr4, its co-receptor myeloid differentiation factor (md)-2; tlr2, tlr5, cyclooxygena ... | 2013 | 23437263 |
| oral microbial profile discriminates breast-fed from formula-fed infants. | little is known about the effect of diet on the oral microbiota of infants, although diet is known to affect the gut microbiota. the aims of the present study were to compare the oral microbiota in breast-fed and formula-fed infants, and investigate growth inhibition of streptococci by infant-isolated lactobacilli. | 2013 | 22955450 |
| microbial biofilms and gastrointestinal diseases. | the majority of bacteria live not planktonically, but as residents of sessile biofilm communities. such populations have been defined as 'matrix-enclosed microbial accretions, which adhere to both biological and nonbiological surfaces'. bacterial formation of biofilm is implicated in many chronic disease states. growth in this mode promotes survival by increasing community recalcitrance to clearance by host immune effectors and therapeutic antimicrobials. the human gastrointestinal (gi) tract en ... | 2013 | 23620117 |
| metamos: a modular and open source metagenomic assembly and analysis pipeline. | we describe metamos, an open source and modular metagenomic assembly and analysis pipeline. metamos represents an important step towards fully automated metagenomic analysis, starting with next-generation sequencing reads and producing genomic scaffolds, open-reading frames and taxonomic or functional annotations. metamos can aid in reducing assembly errors, commonly encountered when assembling metagenomic samples, and improves taxonomic assignment accuracy while also reducing computational cost ... | 2013 | 23320958 |
| immunoproteomic analysis of proteins expressed by two related pathogens, burkholderia multivorans and burkholderia cenocepacia, during human infection. | burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc) is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen that causes chronic infections in people with cystic fibrosis (cf). it is a highly antibiotic resistant organism and bcc infections are rarely cleared from patients, once they are colonized. the two most clinically relevant species within bcc are burkholderia cenocepacia and burkholderia multivorans. the virulence of these pathogens has not been fully elucidated and the virulence proteins expressed during human infection h ... | 2013 | 24260482 |
| a consortium of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, streptococcus parasanguinis, and filifactor alocis is present in sites prior to bone loss in a longitudinal study of localized aggressive periodontitis. | aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans-induced localized aggressive periodontitis (lap) in african-american adolescents has been documented but is poorly understood. two thousand fifty-eight adolescents aged 11 to 17 years were screened for their periodontal status and the presence of a. actinomycetemcomitans in their oral cavity. seventy-one a. actinomycetemcomitans-negative and 63 a. actinomycetemcomitans-positive periodontally healthy subjects were enrolled, sampled, examined, and radiographed ... | 2013 | 23784124 |
| predictive, preventive, personalised and participatory periodontology: 'the 5ps age' has already started. | an impressive progress in dentistry has been recorded in the last decades. in order to reconsider guidelines in dentistry, it is required to introduce new concepts of personalised patient treatments: the wave of predictive, preventive and personalised medicine is rapidly incoming in dentistry. worldwide dentists have to make a big cultural effort in changing the actual 'reactive' therapeutic point of view, belonging to the last century, into a futuristic 'predictive' one. the first cause of toot ... | 2013 | 23763842 |
| mobile microbiome: oral bacteria in extra-oral infections and inflammation. | the link between oral infections and adverse systemic conditions has attracted much attention in the research community. several mechanisms have been proposed, including spread of the oral infection due to transient bacteremia resulting in bacterial colonization in extra-oral sites, systemic injury by free toxins of oral pathogens, and systemic inflammation caused by soluble antigens of oral pathogens. mounting evidence supports a major role of the systemic spread of oral commensals and pathogen ... | 2013 | 23625375 |
| subgingival microbial profiles of sudanese patients with aggressive periodontitis. | aggressive periodontitis (agp) is prevalent and shows a rapid course in african individuals. although a strong focus has been placed on aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, new methods support the existence of a complex subgingival microflora in agp. the purpose of the present study was to map the subgingival microbiota as well as explore the presence of a. actinomycetemcomitans and the jp2 clone in a group of sudanese individuals with agp, using different analytical methods. | 2014 | 25487558 |
| subgingival microbial profiles of sudanese patients with aggressive periodontitis. | aggressive periodontitis (agp) is prevalent and shows a rapid course in african individuals. although a strong focus has been placed on aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, new methods support the existence of a complex subgingival microflora in agp. the purpose of the present study was to map the subgingival microbiota as well as explore the presence of a. actinomycetemcomitans and the jp2 clone in a group of sudanese individuals with agp, using different analytical methods. | 2014 | 25487558 |
| s-nitrosoglutathione accelerates recovery from 5-fluorouracil-induced oral mucositis. | mucositis induced by anti-neoplastic drugs is an important, dose-limiting and costly side-effect of cancer therapy. | 2014 | 25478918 |
| massive parallel sequencing provides new perspectives on bacterial brain abscesses. | rapid development within the field of massive parallel sequencing (mps) is about to bring this technology within reach for diagnostic microbiology laboratories. we wanted to explore its potential for improving diagnosis and understanding of polymicrobial infections, using bacterial brain abscesses as an example. we conducted a prospective nationwide study on bacterial brain abscesses. fifty-two surgical samples were included over a 2-year period. the samples were categorized as either spontaneou ... | 2014 | 24671797 |
| pathogens and host immunity in the ancient human oral cavity. | calcified dental plaque (dental calculus) preserves for millennia and entraps biomolecules from all domains of life and viruses. we report the first, to our knowledge, high-resolution taxonomic and protein functional characterization of the ancient oral microbiome and demonstrate that the oral cavity has long served as a reservoir for bacteria implicated in both local and systemic disease. we characterize (i) the ancient oral microbiome in a diseased state, (ii) 40 opportunistic pathogens, (iii) ... | 2014 | 24562188 |
| porphyromonas gingivalis lipid a phosphatase activity is critical for colonization and increasing the commensal load in the rabbit ligature model. | periodontitis is a disease of polymicrobial etiology characterized by inflammation, degradation of host tissue, and bone that irreversibly destroys the supporting apparatus of teeth. porphyromonas gingivalis contains lipid a with structural heterogeneity that has been postulated to contribute to the initiation of dysbiosis in oral communities by modulating the host response, thereby creating a permissive environment for its growth. we examined two p. gingivalis lipid a phosphatase mutants which ... | 2014 | 24478080 |
| detection, identification and quantification of campylobacter jejuni, coli and lari in food matrices all at once using multiplex qpcr. | thermotolerant campylobacter jejuni, coli and lari are recognized as leading food-borne pathogens causing an acute bacterial enteritis worldwide. due to narrow spectrum of their biochemical activity, it is very complicated to distinguish between individual species. for reliable risk assessment, proper incidence evaluation or swift sample analysis regarding individual species, a demand for simple and rapid method for their distinguishing is reasonable. in this study, we evaluated a reliable and s ... | 2014 | 25057300 |
| diagnostic metagenomics: potential applications to bacterial, viral and parasitic infections. | the term 'shotgun metagenomics' is applied to the direct sequencing of dna extracted from a sample without culture or target-specific amplification or capture. in diagnostic metagenomics, this approach is applied to clinical samples in the hope of detecting and characterizing pathogens. here, i provide a conceptual overview, before reviewing several recent promising proof-of-principle applications of metagenomics in virus discovery, analysis of outbreaks and detection of pathogens in contemporar ... | 2014 | 24576467 |
| comparative genomics of closely related salmonella enterica serovar typhi strains reveals genome dynamics and the acquisition of novel pathogenic elements. | typhoid fever is an infectious disease of global importance that is caused by salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhi (s. typhi). this disease causes an estimated 200,000 deaths per year and remains a serious global health threat. s. typhi is strictly a human pathogen, and some recovered individuals become long-term carriers who continue to shed the bacteria in their faeces, thus becoming main reservoirs of infection. | 2014 | 25412680 |
| campylobacter concisus pseudo-outbreak caused by improved culture conditions. | an unusual increase in the number of campylobacter concisus isolates found in stool cultures provoked an outbreak investigation at bern university hospital. no epidemiological links were found between the cases, and the campylobacter isolates were clonally unrelated. a change in culture conditions to a hydrogen-rich atmosphere enhancing growth of c. concisus was deemed responsible for this pseudo-outbreak. | 2014 | 25411171 |
| microbial diversity similarities in periodontal pockets and atheromatous plaques of cardiovascular disease patients. | the immune and infectious alterations occurring in periodontitis have been shown to alter the development and severity of cardiovascular disease. one of these relationships is the translocation of oral bacteria to atheroma plaques, thereby promoting plaque development. thus, the aim of this study was to assess, by 16s cloning and sequencing, the microbial diversity of the subgingival environment and atheroma plaques of patients concomitantly suffering from periodontitis and obstructive coronary ... | 2014 | 25329160 |
| campylobacter concisus pseudo-outbreak caused by improved culture conditions. | an unusual increase in the number of campylobacter concisus isolates found in stool cultures provoked an outbreak investigation at bern university hospital. no epidemiological links were found between the cases, and the campylobacter isolates were clonally unrelated. a change in culture conditions to a hydrogen-rich atmosphere enhancing growth of c. concisus was deemed responsible for this pseudo-outbreak. | 2014 | 25411171 |
| biofilm community diversity after exposure to 0·4% stannous fluoride gels. | to test the effect of 0·4% stannous fluoride (snf2 ) glycerine-based gels on specific portions of the bacterial community in both a clinical observational study and in vitro multispecies plaque-derived (mspd) biofilm model. | 2014 | 25263195 |
| conservation analysis of the cydx protein yields insights into small protein identification and evolution. | the reliable identification of proteins containing 50 or fewer amino acids is difficult due to the limited information content in short sequences. the 37 amino acid cydx protein in escherichia coli is a member of the cytochrome bd oxidase complex, an enzyme found throughout eubacteria. to investigate the extent of cydx conservation and prevalence and evaluate different methods of small protein homologue identification, we surveyed 1095 eubacteria species for the presence of the small protein. | 2014 | 25475368 |
| transcriptomic and proteomic analyses reveal key innate immune signatures in the host response to the gastrointestinal pathogen campylobacter concisus. | pathogenic species within the genus campylobacter are responsible for a considerable burden on global health. campylobacter concisus is an emergent pathogen that plays a role in acute and chronic gastrointestinal disease. despite ongoing research on campylobacter virulence mechanisms, little is known regarding the immunological profile of the host response to campylobacter infection. in this study, we describe a comprehensive global profile of innate immune responses to c. concisus infection in ... | 2014 | 25486993 |
| transcriptomic and proteomic analyses reveal key innate immune signatures in the host response to the gastrointestinal pathogen campylobacter concisus. | pathogenic species within the genus campylobacter are responsible for a considerable burden on global health. campylobacter concisus is an emergent pathogen that plays a role in acute and chronic gastrointestinal disease. despite ongoing research on campylobacter virulence mechanisms, little is known regarding the immunological profile of the host response to campylobacter infection. in this study, we describe a comprehensive global profile of innate immune responses to c. concisus infection in ... | 2014 | 25486993 |
| genomic evidence for the emergence and evolution of pathogenicity and niche preferences in the genus campylobacter. | the genus campylobacter includes some of the most relevant pathogens for human and animal health; the continuous effort in their characterization has also revealed new species putatively involved in different kind of infections. nowadays, the available genomic data for the genus comprise a wide variety of species with different pathogenic potential and niche preferences. in this work, we contribute to enlarge this available information presenting the first genome for the species campylobacter sp ... | 2014 | 25193310 |
| detection of campylobacter in stool and determination of significance by culture, enzyme immunoassay, and pcr in developing countries. | campylobacter is a common bacterial enteropathogen that can be detected in stool by culture, enzyme immunoassay (eia), or pcr. we compared culture for c. jejuni/c. coli, eia (prospect), and duplex pcr to distinguish campylobacter jejuni/c. coli and non-jejuni/coli campylobacter on 432 diarrheal and matched control stool samples from infants in a multisite longitudinal study of enteric infections in tanzania, bangladesh, and peru. the sensitivity and specificity of culture were 8.5% and 97.6%, re ... | 2014 | 24452175 |
| intestinal microbiota pathogenesis and fecal microbiota transplantation for inflammatory bowel disease. | the intestinal microbiota plays an important role in inflammatory bowel disease (ibd). the pathogenesis of ibd involves inappropriate ongoing activation of the mucosal immune system driven by abnormal intestinal microbiota in genetically predisposed individuals. however, there are still no definitive microbial pathogens linked to the onset of ibd. the composition and function of the intestinal microbiota and their metabolites are indeed disturbed in ibd patients. the special alterations of gut m ... | 2014 | 25356041 |
| biological roles of the o-methyl phosphoramidate capsule modification in campylobacter jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni is a major cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide, and the capsular polysaccharide (cps) of this organism is required for persistence and disease. c. jejuni produces over 47 different capsular structures, including a unique o-methyl phosphoramidate (meopn) modification present on most c. jejuni isolates. although the meopn structure is rare in nature it has structural similarity to some synthetic pesticides. in this study, we have demonstrated, by whole genome comparis ... | 2014 | 24498018 |
| comparison of characteristics of patients infected by campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter coli, and campylobacter fetus. | a large database of campylobacter isolates precisely identified at the species level was used to compare patients' characteristics. in a multivariate analysis, campylobacter coli was found more often in older patients and in patients having traveled abroad and less often in summertime than campylobacter jejuni. campylobacter fetus infection occurred in much older patients and in hospitalized patients with a systemic disease. | 2014 | 24197884 |
| identification and characterization of an invasion antigen b gene from the oral pathogen campylobacter rectus. | the oral bacterium, campylobacter rectus, is an etiological agent of periodontitis. the virulence genes of c. rectus are largely unknown. the aim of this study was to query c. rectus for the presence of an invasion antigen b (ciab) gene, which is needed for cell invasion by the related species campylobacter jejuni. pcr and pcr-walking identified a ciab from c. rectus. in silico analyses of c. rectus 314 ciab (cr-ciab) revealed an orf of 1,830 base pairs. the cr-ciab protein shared significant se ... | 2014 | 24426164 |
| identification and characterization of an invasion antigen b gene from the oral pathogen campylobacter rectus. | the oral bacterium, campylobacter rectus, is an etiological agent of periodontitis. the virulence genes of c. rectus are largely unknown. the aim of this study was to query c. rectus for the presence of an invasion antigen b (ciab) gene, which is needed for cell invasion by the related species campylobacter jejuni. pcr and pcr-walking identified a ciab from c. rectus. in silico analyses of c. rectus 314 ciab (cr-ciab) revealed an orf of 1,830 base pairs. the cr-ciab protein shared significant se ... | 2014 | 24426164 |
| microbial imbalance and intestinal pathologies: connections and contributions. | microbiome analysis has identified a state of microbial imbalance (dysbiosis) in patients with chronic intestinal inflammation and colorectal cancer. the bacterial phylum proteobacteria is often overrepresented in these individuals, with escherichia coli being the most prevalent species. it is clear that a complex interplay between the host, bacteria and bacterial genes is implicated in the development of these intestinal diseases. understanding the basic elements of these interactions could hav ... | 2014 | 25256712 |
| the interplay between campylobacter and helicobacter species and other gastrointestinal microbiota of commercial broiler chickens. | poultry represent an important source of foodborne enteropathogens, in particular thermophilic campylobacter species. many of these organisms colonize the intestinal tract of broiler chickens as harmless commensals, and therefore, often remain undetected prior to slaughter. the exact reasons for the lack of clinical disease are unknown, but analysis of the gastrointestinal microbiota of broiler chickens may improve our understanding of the microbial interactions with the host. | 2014 | 24940386 |
| the role of autophagy in the intracellular survival of campylobacter concisus. | campylobacter concisus is an emerging pathogen that has been associated with gastrointestinal diseases. given the importance of autophagy for the elimination of intracellular bacteria and the subversion of this process by pathogenic bacteria, we investigated the role of autophagy in c. concisus intracellular survival. gentamicin protection assays were employed to assess intracellular levels of c. concisus within caco-2 cells, following autophagy induction and inhibition. to assess the interactio ... | 2014 | 24918042 |
| campylobacter concisus and inflammatory bowel disease. | investigation of the possible role of campylobacter concisus (c. concisus) in inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) is an emerging research area. despite the association found between c. concisus and ibd, it has been difficult to explain how c. concisus, a bacterium that is commonly present in the human oral cavity, may contribute to the development of enteric diseases. the evidence presented in this review shows that some c. concisus strains in the oral cavity acquired zonula occludens toxin (zot) g ... | 2014 | 24574800 |
| role of the gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis: what have we learnt in the past 10 years? | our understanding of the microbial involvement in inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) pathogenesis has increased exponentially over the past decade. the development of newer molecular tools for the global assessment of the gut microbiome and the identification of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 in 2001 and other susceptibility genes for crohn's disease in particular has led to better understanding of the aetiopathogenesis of ibd. the microbial studies have elaborated ... | 2014 | 24574795 |
| functional expression of dental plaque microbiota. | dental caries remains a significant public health problem and is considered pandemic worldwide. the prediction of dental caries based on profiling of microbial species involved in disease and equally important, the identification of species conferring dental health has proven more difficult than anticipated due to high interpersonal and geographical variability of dental plaque microbiota. we have used rna-seq to perform global gene expression analysis of dental plaque microbiota derived from 19 ... | 2014 | 25177549 |
| oligotyping analysis of the human oral microbiome. | the human microbiome project provided a census of bacterial populations in healthy individuals, but an understanding of the biomedical significance of this census has been hindered by limited taxonomic resolution. a high-resolution method termed oligotyping overcomes this limitation by evaluating individual nucleotide positions using shannon entropy to identify the most information-rich nucleotide positions, which then define oligotypes. we have applied this method to comprehensively analyze the ... | 2014 | 24965363 |
| tick-borne encephalitis virus replication, intracellular trafficking, and pathogenicity in human intestinal caco-2 cell monolayers. | tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) is one of the most important vector-borne viruses in europe and asia. its transmission mainly occurs by the bite of an infected tick. however, consuming milk products from infected livestock animals caused tbev cases. to better understand tbev transmission via the alimentary route, we studied viral infection of human intestinal epithelial cells. caco-2 cells were used to investigate pathological effects of tbev infection. tbev-infected caco-2 monolayers showe ... | 2014 | 24820351 |
| anaerobic culture to detect periodontal and caries pathogens. | anaerobic culture has been critical in our understanding of the oral microbiotas. | 2014 | 25678835 |
| anaerobic culture to detect periodontal and caries pathogens. | anaerobic culture has been critical in our understanding of the oral microbiotas. | 2014 | 25678835 |
| examination of the anaerobic growth of campylobacter concisus strains. | campylobacter concisus is an oral bacterium that is associated with intestinal diseases. c. concisus was previously described as a bacterium that requires h2-enriched microaerobic conditions for growth. the level of h2 in the oral cavity is extremely low, suggesting that c. concisus is unlikely to have a microaerobic growth there. in this study, the anaerobic growth of c. concisus was investigated. the growth of fifty-seven oral c. concisus strains and six enteric c. concisus strains under vario ... | 2014 | 25214843 |
| molecular diagnosis of arcobacter and campylobacter in diarrhoeal samples among portuguese patients. | the present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and diversity of arcobacter and campylobacter spp. in 298 stool samples of patients with diarrhoea, collected from 22 portuguese hospitals, between september and november 2012. detection of arcobacter and campylobacter spp. was performed using molecular-based detection techniques, such as real-time fluorescence resonance energy transfer pcr, species-specific pcr, and sequencing of amplified pcr products. overall, 1.3% of the samples w ... | 2014 | 24361090 |
| campylobacter concisus and exotoxin 9 levels in paediatric patients with crohn's disease and their association with the intestinal microbiota. | there is mounting evidence for a possible role for campylobacter concisus in crohn's disease (cd). however, the pathogenic potential of c. concisus remains disputed due to its presence in healthy subjects. it is documented that genetic diversity exists within this species, with some strains possessing putative virulence determinants such as exotoxin 9/dnai that may enable them to persist intracellularly in host cells. in order to clarify this, we employed real-time pcr to determine c. concisus a ... | 2014 | 24105841 |
| increased prevalence of methanosphaera stadtmanae in inflammatory bowel diseases. | the gut microbiota is associated with the modulation of mucosal immunity and the etiology of inflammatory bowel diseases (ibd). previous studies focused on the impact of bacterial species on ibd but seldom suspected archaea, which can be a major constituent of intestinal microbiota, to be implicated in the diseases. recent evidence supports that two main archaeal species found in the digestive system of humans, methanobrevibacter smithii (mbs) and methanosphaera stadtmanae (mss) can have differe ... | 2014 | 24498365 |
| understanding host-adherent-invasive escherichia coli interaction in crohn's disease: opening up new therapeutic strategies. | a trillion of microorganisms colonize the mammalian intestine. most of them have coevolved with the host in a symbiotic relationship and some of them have developed strategies to promote their replication in the presence of competing microbiota. recent evidence suggests that perturbation of the microbial community favors the emergence of opportunistic pathogens, in particular adherent-invasive escherichia coli (aiec) that can increase incidence and severity of gut inflammation in the context of ... | 2014 | 25580435 |
| the association between detectable plasmatic human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) viral load and different subgingival microorganisms in brazilian adults with hiv: a multilevel analysis. | this study investigates the association between detectable plasmatic human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) viral load (hvl) and high levels of periodontal- and non-periodontal-related microorganisms in the subgingival microbiota of individuals with hiv. | 2014 | 23952074 |
| role of emerging campylobacter species in inflammatory bowel diseases. | the gut microbiota is a central player in the etiology of inflammatory bowel diseases. as such, there is intense scientific interest in elucidating the specific group/s of bacteria responsible for driving barrier damage and perpetuating the chronic inflammation that results in disease. because of their ability to colonize close to the surface of the host intestinal epithelium, mucosa-associated bacteria are considered key players in the initiation and development of both crohn's disease and ulce ... | 2014 | 24874462 |
| psychometric scores and persistence of irritable bowel after campylobacter concisus infection. | gastroenteritis with campylobacter concisus is an emerging infection, but the risk of irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) following it is unknown. | 2014 | 24646319 |
| tools to covisualize and coanalyze proteomic data with genomes and transcriptomes: validation of genes and alternative mrna splicing. | direct links between proteomic and genomic/transcriptomic data are not frequently made, partly because of lack of appropriate bioinformatics tools. to help address this, we have developed the pg nexus pipeline. the pg nexus allows users to covisualize peptides in the context of genomes or genomic contigs, along with rna-seq reads. this is done in the integrated genome viewer (igv). a results analyzer reports the precise base position where lc-ms/ms-derived peptides cover genes or gene isoforms, ... | 2014 | 24152167 |
| polycarbonate filtration technique is noninferior to mccda for isolation of campylobacter species from stool samples. | a total of 5963 diarrheic stool samples were cultivated for campylobacter spp. with use of modified charcoal cefoperazone deoxycholate agar (mccda) plates as well as a polycarbonate (pc) filter technique on blood agar plates. a total of 376 campylobacter jejuni/coli were isolated from both pc and mccda. six and three were isolated from pc and mccda only, respectively (p = ns). the pc technique is noninferior to mccda for isolation of c. jejuni/coli. | 2015 | 26022656 |
| delineation of genetic relatedness and population structure of oral and enteric campylobacter concisus strains by analysis of housekeeping genes. | campylobacter concisus is an oral bacterium that has been shown to be associated with inflammatory bowel disease (ibd). in this study we examined clusters of oral c. concisus strains isolated from patients with ibd and healthy controls by analysing six housekeeping genes. in addition, we investigated the population structure of c. concisus strains. whether oral and enteric strains form distinct clusters based on the sequences of these housekeeping genes was also investigated. the oral c. concisu ... | 2015 | 26002953 |
| is campylobacter to esophageal adenocarcinoma as helicobacter is to gastric adenocarcinoma? | esophageal adenocarcinoma develops through a cascade of cellular changes that shares similarities to the etiology of helicobacter pylori-associated intestinal-type gastric adenocarcinoma. while host genetics and immune response have been implicated in the progression to esophageal adenocarcinoma, studies investigating esophageal microbial communities suggest that bacteria may also play an important role in driving the inflammation that leads to disease. of these, emerging campylobacter species h ... | 2015 | 25937501 |
| investigation of the effects of ph and bile on the growth of oral campylobacter concisus strains isolated from patients with inflammatory bowel disease and controls. | campylobacter concisus is an oral bacterium that is associated with inflammatory bowel disease (ibd). this study examined the impact of ph and bile on the growth of oral c. concisus strains isolated from patients with ibd and controls. the growth of 58 c. concisus strains on horse blood agar (hba) plates following exposure to media with various ph values for different time points was examined. furthermore, the growth of c. concisus strains on hba plates containing different concentrations of ox ... | 2015 | 25657299 |
| the susceptibility of campylobacter concisus to the bactericidal effects of normal human serum. | campylobacter concisus is an emerging pathogen of the gastrointestinal tract that has been associated with barrett's oesophagus, enteritis and inflammatory bowel disease. despite having invasive potential in intestinal epithelial cells in-vitro, bacteraemic cases with c. concisus are extremely scarce, having only been reported once. therefore, we conducted a serum resistance assay to investigate the bactericidal effects of human complement on c. concisus in comparison to some other campylobacter ... | 2015 | 25627875 |
| antimicrobial photoinactivation using visible light plus water-filtered infrared-a (vis + wira) alters in situ oral biofilms. | recently, growing attention has been paid to antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (apdt) in dentistry. changing the microbial composition of initial and mature oral biofilm by apdt using visible light plus water-filtered infrared-a wavelengths (vis + wira) has not yet been investigated. moreover, most apdt studies have been conducted on planktonic bacterial cultures. therefore, in the present clinical study we cultivated initial and mature oral biofilms in six healthy volunteers for 2 hours or 3 d ... | 2015 | 26162100 |
| precision-guided antimicrobial peptide as a targeted modulator of human microbial ecology. | one major challenge to studying human microbiome and its associated diseases is the lack of effective tools to achieve targeted modulation of individual species and study its ecological function within multispecies communities. here, we show that c16g2, a specifically targeted antimicrobial peptide, was able to selectively kill cariogenic pathogen streptococcus mutans with high efficacy within a human saliva-derived in vitro oral multispecies community. importantly, a significant shift in the ov ... | 2015 | 26034276 |
| the oral mucosal and salivary microbial community of behçet's syndrome and recurrent aphthous stomatitis. | behçet's syndrome (bs) is a multisystem immune-related disease of unknown etiology. recurrent aphthous stomatitis (ras) is characterized by the presence of idiopathic oral ulceration without extraoral manifestation. the interplay between the oral microbial communities and the immune response could play an important role in the etiology and pathogenesis of both bs and ras. | 2015 | 26037240 |
| maturation of oral microbiota in children with or without dental caries. | the aim of this longitudinal study was to evaluate the oral microbiota in children from age 3 months to 3 years, and to determine the association of the presence of caries at 3 years of age. | 2015 | 26020247 |
| oral microbiota shift after 12-week supplementation with lactobacillus reuteri dsm 17938 and pta 5289; a randomized control trial. | lactobacillus spp. potentially contribute to health by modulating bacterial biofilm formation, but their effects on the overall oral microbiota remain unclear. | 2015 | 25946126 |
| the burden of different pathogens in acute diarrhoeal episodes among a cohort of egyptian children less than five years old. | diarrhoea continues to cause significant morbidity in egypt. | 2015 | 26516385 |
| effects of azithromycin, metronidazole, amoxicillin, and metronidazole plus amoxicillin on an in vitro polymicrobial subgingival biofilm model. | chronic periodontitis is one of the most prevalent human diseases and is caused by dysbiosis of the subgingival microbiota. treatment involves primarily mechanical disruption of subgingival biofilms and, in certain cases, adjunctive use of systemic antibiotic therapy. in vitro biofilm models have been developed to study antimicrobial agents targeting subgingival species. however, these models accommodate a limited number of taxa, lack reproducibility, and have low throughput. we aimed to develop ... | 2015 | 25733510 |
| comparison of oral microbial profiles between children with severe early childhood caries and caries-free children using the human oral microbe identification microarray. | early childhood caries (ecc) has become a prevalent public health problem among chinese preschool children. the bacterial microflora is considered to be an important factor in the formation and progress of dental caries. however, high-throughput and large-scale studies of the primary dentition are lacking. the present study aimed to compare oral microbial profiles between children with severe ecc (secc) and caries-free children. | 2015 | 25821962 |
| pulp and plaque microbiotas of children with severe early childhood caries. | bacterial invasion into pulps of primary teeth can lead to infection and premature tooth loss in children. this pilot study aimed to explore whether the microbiota of carious exposures of dental pulps resembles that of carious dentin or that of infected root canals. | 2015 | 25651832 |
| the cell shape-determining csd6 protein from helicobacter pylori constitutes a new family of l,d-carboxypeptidase. | helicobacter pylori causes gastrointestinal diseases, including gastric cancer. its high motility in the viscous gastric mucosa facilitates colonization of the human stomach and depends on the helical cell shape and the flagella. in h. pylori, csd6 is one of the cell shape-determining proteins that play key roles in alteration of cross-linking or by trimming of peptidoglycan muropeptides. csd6 is also involved in deglycosylation of the flagellar protein flaa. to better understand its function, b ... | 2015 | 26306031 |
| oral campylobacter species: initiators of a subgroup of inflammatory bowel disease? | in recent years, a number of studies detected a significantly higher prevalence of campylobacter species such as campylobacter concisus (c. concisus) in intestinal biopsies and fecal samples collected from patients with inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) compared to controls. most of these campylobacter species are not of zoonotic origin but are human oral campylobacter species. bacterial species usually cause diseases in the location where they colonize. however, c. concisus and other oral campyl ... | 2015 | 26309350 |
| novel drug targets for food-borne pathogen campylobacter jejuni: an integrated subtractive genomics and comparative metabolic pathway study. | campylobacters are a major global health burden and a cause of food-borne diarrheal illness and economic loss worldwide. in developing countries, campylobacter infections are frequent in children under age two and may be associated with mortality. in developed countries, they are a common cause of bacterial diarrhea in early adulthood. in the united states, antibiotic resistance against campylobacter is notably increased from 13% in 1997 to nearly 25% in 2011. novel drug targets are urgently nee ... | 2015 | 26061459 |
| a cationic cysteine-hydrazide as an enrichment tool for the mass spectrometric characterization of bacterial free oligosaccharides. | in campylobacterales and related ε-proteobacteria with n-linked glycosylation (nlg) pathways, free oligosaccharides (fos) are released into the periplasmic space from lipid-linked precursors by the bacterial oligosaccharyltransferase (pglb). this hydrolysis results in the same molecular structure as the oligosaccharide that is transferred to a protein to be glycosylated. this allowed for the general elucidation of the fos-branched structures and monosaccharides from a number of species using sta ... | 2015 | 26100547 |
| taxonomic identification of ruminal epithelial bacterial diversity during rumen development in goats. | understanding of the colonization process of epithelial bacteria attached to the rumen tissue during rumen development is very limited. ruminal epithelial bacterial colonization is of great significance for the relationship between the microbiota and the host and can influence the early development and health of the host. miseq sequencing of 16s rrna genes and quantitative real-time pcr (qpcr) were applied to characterize ruminal epithelial bacterial diversity during rumen development in this st ... | 2015 | 25769827 |
| novel immunomodulatory flagellin-like protein flac in campylobacter jejuni and other campylobacterales. | the human diarrheal pathogens campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli interfere with host innate immune signaling by different means, and their flagellins, flaa and flab, have a low intrinsic property to activate the innate immune receptor toll-like receptor 5 (tlr5). we have investigated here the hypothesis that the unusual secreted, flagellin-like molecule flac present in c. jejuni, c. coli, and other campylobacterales might activate cells via tlr5 and interact with tlr5. flac shows striki ... | 2015 | 27303676 |
| novel immunomodulatory flagellin-like protein flac in campylobacter jejuni and other campylobacterales. | the human diarrheal pathogens campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli interfere with host innate immune signaling by different means, and their flagellins, flaa and flab, have a low intrinsic property to activate the innate immune receptor toll-like receptor 5 (tlr5). we have investigated here the hypothesis that the unusual secreted, flagellin-like molecule flac present in c. jejuni, c. coli, and other campylobacterales might activate cells via tlr5 and interact with tlr5. flac shows striki ... | 2015 | 27303676 |
| effects of nitrate addition on rumen fermentation, bacterial biodiversity and abundance. | this study examined changes of rumen fermentation, ruminal bacteria biodiversity and abundance caused by nitrate addition with ion torrent sequencing and real-time polymerase chain reaction. three rumen-fistulated steers were fed diets supplemented with 0%, 1%, and 2% nitrate (dry matter %) in succession. nitrate supplementation linearly increased total volatile fatty acids and acetate concentration obviously (p = 0.02; p = 0.02; p<0.01), butyrate and isovalerate concentration numerically (p = 0 ... | 2015 | 26194220 |
| laboratory diagnosis of bacterial gastroenteritis. | bacterial gastroenteritis is a disease that is pervasive in both the developing and developed worlds. while for the most part bacterial gastroenteritis is self-limiting, identification of an etiological agent by bacterial stool culture is required for the management of patients with severe or prolonged diarrhea, symptoms consistent with invasive disease, or a history that may predict a complicated course of disease. importantly, characterization of bacterial enteropathogens from stool cultures i ... | 2015 | 25567220 |
| lengths of orthologous prokaryotic proteins are affected by evolutionary factors. | proteins of the same functional family (for example, kinases) may have significantly different lengths. it is an open question whether such variation in length is random or it appears as a response to some unknown evolutionary driving factors. the main purpose of this paper is to demonstrate existence of factors affecting prokaryotic gene lengths. we believe that the ranking of genomes according to lengths of their genes, followed by the calculation of coefficients of association between genome ... | 2015 | 26114113 |
| global epidemiology of campylobacter infection. | campylobacter jejuni infection is one of the most widespread infectious diseases of the last century. the incidence and prevalence of campylobacteriosis have increased in both developed and developing countries over the last 10 years. the dramatic increase in north america, europe, and australia is alarming, and data from parts of africa, asia, and the middle east indicate that campylobacteriosis is endemic in these areas, especially in children. in addition to c. jejuni, there is increasing rec ... | 2015 | 26062576 |
| the effect of campylobacter concisus on expression of il-18, tnf-α and p53 in barrett's cell lines. | barrett's oesophagus is a pre-malignant condition at gastroesophageal junction in which normal squamous epithelium is replaced by columnar shape epithelium, which predisposes oesophageal adenocarcinoma. it is known that barrett's oesophagus evolves as a consequence of chronic gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. although progression of barrett's oesophagus to adenocarcinoma is still unclear, increasing incidence of oesophageal cancer and mortality worldwide make its study necessary. several invest ... | 2015 | 26865939 |
| a randomized clinical trial of an adjunct diode laser application for the nonsurgical treatment of peri-implantitis. | in this radiographic and microbiologic split-mouth clinical trial, efficacy of a diode laser as an adjunct to conventional scaling in the nonsurgical treatment of peri-implantitis was investigated. | 2015 | 26382562 |
| the influence of smoking on the peri-implant microbiome. | smokers are at high risk for 2 bacterially driven oral diseases: peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to use a deep-sequencing approach to identify the effect of smoking on the peri-implant microbiome in states of health and disease. peri-implant biofilm samples were collected from 80 partially edentulous subjects with peri-implant health, peri-implant mucositis, and peri-implantitis. bacterial dna was isolated and 16s ribsomal rna gene li ... | 2015 | 26124222 |
| towards microbiome transplant as a therapy for periodontitis: an exploratory study of periodontitis microbial signature contrasted by oral health, caries and edentulism. | conventional periodontal therapy aims at controlling supra- and subgingival biofilms. although periodontal therapy was shown to improve periodontal health, it does not completely arrest the disease. almost all subjects compliant with periodontal maintenance continue to experience progressive clinical attachment loss and a fraction of them loses teeth. an oral microbial transplant may be a new alternative for treating periodontitis (inspired by fecal transplant). first, it must be established tha ... | 2015 | 26468081 |
| microbial profiles and detection techniques in peri-implant diseases: a systematic review. | to describe the microbial profiles of peri-implant diseases and the main detection methods. | 2016 | 27833735 |
| distinct interacting core taxa in co-occurrence networks enable discrimination of polymicrobial oral diseases with similar symptoms. | polymicrobial diseases, which can be life threatening, are caused by the presence and interactions of multiple microbes. peri-implantitis and periodontitis are representative polymicrobial diseases that show similar clinical symptoms. to establish a means of differentiating between them, we compared microbial species and functional genes in situ by performing metatranscriptomic analyses of peri-implantitis and periodontitis samples obtained from the same subjects (n = 12 each). although the two ... | 2016 | 27499042 |
| the use of pcr/electrospray ionization-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (pcr/esi-tof-ms) to detect bacterial and fungal colonization in healthy military service members. | the role of microbial colonization in disease is complex. novel molecular tools to detect colonization offer theoretical improvements over traditional methods. we evaluated pcr/electrospray ionization-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (pcr/esi-tof-ms) as a screening tool to study colonization of healthy military service members. | 2016 | 27448413 |
| quantitative molecular detection of 19 major pathogens in the interdental biofilm of periodontally healthy young adults. | in oral health, the interdental spaces are a real ecological niche for which the body has few or no alternative defenses and where the traditional daily methods for control by disrupting biofilm are not adequate. the interdental spaces are the source of many hypotheses regarding their potential associations with and/or causes of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, degenerative disease, and depression. this pcr study is the first to describe the interdental microbiota in hea ... | 2016 | 27313576 |
| mucosal and salivary microbiota associated with recurrent aphthous stomatitis. | recurrent aphthous stomatitis (ras) is a common oral mucosal disorder of unclear etiopathogenesis. although recent studies of the oral microbiota by high-throughput sequencing of 16s rrna genes have suggested that imbalances in the oral microbiota may contribute to the etiopathogenesis of ras, no specific bacterial species associated with ras have been identified. the present study aimed to characterize the microbiota in the oral mucosa and saliva of ras patients in comparison with control subje ... | 2016 | 27036492 |
| impact of denture cleaning method and overnight storage condition on denture biofilm mass and composition: a cross-over randomized clinical trial. | appropriate oral hygiene is required to maintain oral health in denture wearers. this study aims to compare the role of denture cleaning methods in combination with overnight storage conditions on biofilm mass and composition on acrylic removable dentures. | 2016 | 26730967 |
| optimized cultivation of campylobacter concisus from gut mucosal biopsies in inflammatory bowel disease. | campylobacter concisus is a commensal of the human oral flora that has been linked to prolonged diarrhea and inflammatory bowel disease (ibd). it has been detected more often from intestinal biopsies in patients with ibd compared to healthy controls using pcr-based techniques, whereas the number of c. concisus culture-positive biopsies in previous studies has been very limited. determining the rate of viable isolates present in the gut mucosa is of great importance when evaluating the role in di ... | 2016 | 27252786 |
| multicenter evaluation of clinical diagnostic methods for detection and isolation of campylobacter spp. from stool. | the use of culture-independent diagnostic tests (cidts), such as stool antigen tests, as standalone tests for the detection of campylobacter in stool is increasing. we conducted a prospective, multicenter study to evaluate the performance of stool antigen cidts compared to culture and pcr for campylobacter detection. between july and october 2010, we tested 2,767 stool specimens from patients with gastrointestinal illness with the following methods: four types of campylobacter selective media, f ... | 2016 | 26962088 |
| dissecting the interplay between intestinal microbiota and host immunity in health and disease: lessons learned from germfree and gnotobiotic animal models. | this review elaborates the development of germfree and gnotobiotic animal models and their application in the scientific field to unravel mechanisms underlying host-microbe interactions and distinct diseases. strictly germfree animals are raised in isolators and not colonized by any organism at all. the germfree state is continuously maintained by birth, raising, housing and breeding under strict sterile conditions. however, isolator raised germfree mice are exposed to a stressful environment an ... | 2016 | 27980855 |
| azithromycin vs. placebo for the clinical outcome in campylobacter concisus diarrhoea in adults: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. | campylobacter concisus has been associated with prolonged mild diarrhoea, but investigations regarding the efficacy of antimicrobial treatment have not been reported previously. we initiated a phase 3, single-centre, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study comparing the efficacy of 500 mg once-daily dose of azithromycin with a 500 mg once-daily dose of placebo for three days, for the treatment of c. concisus diarrhoea in adult patients with a follow-up period of ten days. if symptom ... | 2016 | 27893820 |
| multilocus sequence typing of campylobacter concisus from danish diarrheic patients. | the emerging enteric pathogen campylobacter concisus is associated with prolonged diarrhea and inflammatory bowel disease. previous studies have shown that c. concisus strains are very genetically diverse. nevertheless, c. concisus strains have been divided into two genomospecies, where gs1 strains have been isolated predominantly from healthy individuals, while the gs2 cluster consists of isolates primarily from diarrheic individuals. the aim of the present study was to determine the genetic di ... | 2016 | 27688814 |
| zonula occludens toxins and their prophages in campylobacter species. | we previously showed that zonula occludens toxin (zot) encoded by campylobacter concisus zot (808t) gene has the potential to initiate inflammatory bowel disease. this zot protein caused prolonged intestinal epithelial barrier damage, induced intestinal epithelial and macrophage production of tumor necrosis factor-α and enhanced the responses of macrophages to other microbes. in order to understand the potential virulence of zot proteins in other campylobacter species, in this study we examined ... | 2016 | 27651834 |
| role of clinicogenomics in infectious disease diagnostics and public health microbiology. | clinicogenomics is the exploitation of genome sequence data for diagnostic, therapeutic, and public health purposes. central to this field is the high-throughput dna sequencing of genomes and metagenomes. the role of clinicogenomics in infectious disease diagnostics and public health microbiology was the topic of discussion during a recent symposium (session 161) presented at the 115th general meeting of the american society for microbiology that was held in new orleans, la. what follows is a co ... | 2016 | 26912755 |
| the role of il-23, il-22, and il-18 in campylobacter jejuni infection of conventional infant mice. | we have recently shown that, within 1 week following peroral campylobacter jejuni infection, conventional infant mice develop self-limiting enteritis. we here investigated the role of il-23, il-22, and il-18 during c. jejuni strain 81-176 infection of infant mice. the pathogen efficiently colonized the intestines of il-18(-/-) mice only, but did not translocate to extra-intestinal compartments. at day 13 postinfection (p.i.), il-22(-/-) mice displayed lower colonic epithelial apoptotic cell numb ... | 2016 | 27429795 |
| the relationship between the immune system and oral manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease: a review. | inflammatory bowel diseases (ibds) are chronic, relapsing inflammatory diseases characterized by exacerbations and remissions of the gastrointestinal tract, clinically manifested as crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. the etiology of ibds is considered to be multi factorial, comprising environmental, immune, microbial and genetic factors. clinical signs may include abdominal pain, frequent bloody diarrheas, mucorrhea, vomiting, fever, fatigue or weight loss. changes in the oral cavity often ... | 2016 | 27833449 |
| campylobacter concisus pathotypes induce distinct global responses in intestinal epithelial cells. | the epithelial response to the opportunistic pathogen campylobacter concisus is poorly characterised. here, we assessed the intestinal epithelial responses to two c. concisus strains with different virulence characteristics in caco-2 cells using rnaseq, and validated a subset of the response using qpcr arrays. c. concisus strains induced distinct response patterns from intestinal epithelial cells, with the toxigenic strain inducing a significantly more amplified response. a range of cellular fun ... | 2016 | 27677841 |
| microrna response of primary human macrophages to arcobacter butzleri infection. | the role of micrornas (mirnas) in infectious diseases is becoming more and more apparent, and the use of mirnas as a diagnostic tool and their therapeutic application has become the major focus of investigation. the aim of this study was to identify mirnas involved in the immune signaling of macrophages in response to arcobacter (a.) butzleri infection, an emerging foodborne pathogen causing gastroenteritis. therefore, primary human macrophages were isolated and infected, and mirna expression wa ... | 2016 | 27429792 |
| microbiome, metabolome and inflammatory bowel disease. | inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) is a multifactorial disorder that conceptually occurs as a result of altered immune responses to commensal and/or pathogenic gut microbes in individuals most susceptible to the disease. during crohn's disease (cd) or ulcerative colitis (uc), two components of the human ibd, distinct stages define the disease onset, severity, progression and remission. epigenetic, environmental (microbiome, metabolome) and nutritional factors are important in ibd pathogenesis. whi ... | 2016 | 27681914 |
| examination of the effects of campylobacter concisus zonula occludens toxin on intestinal epithelial cells and macrophages. | campylobacter concisus is a gram-negative bacterium that is associated with inflammatory bowel disease (ibd). some c. concisus strains carry zonula occludens toxin (zot) gene which has polymorphisms. this study investigated the effects of c. concisus zot on intestinal epithelial cells and macrophages using cell line models. | 2016 | 27195022 |