Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| the gastrointestinal tract as a potential infection reservoir of digital dermatitis-associated treponemes in beef cattle and sheep. | digital dermatitis (dd) is an important cause of lameness in dairy cattle worldwide. it has now been reported in beef cattle and also sheep (contagious ovine digital dermatitis [codd]). three treponema phylogroups are consistently isolated from lesions, treponema medium-like, treponema phagedenis-like, and treponema pedis. the gastrointestinal (gi) tract and feces are suggested sites of treponemal infection in dairy cattle; however, isolation of dd-associated treponemes from these areas has prev ... | 2015 | 26276110 |
| treponemes detected in digital dermatitis lesions in brazilian dairy cattle and possible host reservoirs of infection. | the main pathogenic treponemes causing bovine digital dermatitis were identified from 17 infected herds in southern brazil for the first time in this study using pcr. we did not find a relationship between treponeme phylogroup composition and clinical classification. treponema phagedenis was present in all lesions. rumen fluid was implicated as a reservoir location for these pathogens. | 2015 | 25788552 |
| altered microbiomes in bovine digital dermatitis lesions, and the gut as a pathogen reservoir. | bovine digital dermatitis (dd) is the most important infectious disease associated with lameness in cattle worldwide. since the disease was first described in 1974, a series of treponema species concurrent with other microbes have been identified in dd lesions, suggesting a polymicrobial etiology. however, the pathogenesis of dd and the source of the causative microbes remain unclear. here we characterized the microbiomes of healthy skin and skin lesions in dairy cows affected with different sta ... | 2015 | 25781328 |
| high-level association of bovine digital dermatitis treponema spp. with contagious ovine digital dermatitis lesions and presence of fusobacterium necrophorum and dichelobacter nodosus. | contagious ovine digital dermatitis (codd) is an important foot disease in sheep, with significant animal welfare and economic implications. it is thought that codd emerged from bovine digital dermatitis (bdd) via treponemal bacteria. with wildlife species such as elk now suffering a codd-like disease, it is imperative to clarify these disease etiologies. a large investigation into treponemal association with codd is warranted. codd lesions (n = 58) and healthy sheep foot tissues (n = 56) were a ... | 2015 | 25740778 |
| evidence that tp_0144 of treponema pallidum is a thiamine-binding protein. | thiamine pyrophosphate (tpp), the biologically active form of thiamine (also known as vitamin b1), is an essential cofactor for several important enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, and therefore, it is required for all living organisms. we recently found that a thiamine-binding protein (tde_0143) is essential for the survival of treponema denticola, an important bacterial pathogen that is associated with human periodontitis. in this report, we provide experimental evidence showing that ... | 2015 | 25605310 |
| conserved streptococcus pneumoniae spirosomes suggest a single type of transformation pilus in competence. | the success of s. pneumoniae as a major human pathogen is largely due to its remarkable genomic plasticity, allowing efficient escape from antimicrobials action and host immune response. natural transformation, or the active uptake and chromosomal integration of exogenous dna during the transitory differentiated state competence, is the main mechanism for horizontal gene transfer and genomic makeover in pneumococci. although transforming dna has been proposed to be captured by type 4 pili (t4p) ... | 2015 | 25876066 |
| in vitro susceptibility of contagious ovine digital dermatitis associated treponema spp. isolates to antimicrobial agents in the uk. | contagious ovine digital dermatitis (codd) is an important cause of infectious lameness in sheep in the uk and ireland and has a severe impact on the welfare of affected individuals. the three treponemal phylogroups treponema medium/treponema vincentii-like, treponema phagedenis-like and treponema pedis spirochaetes have been associated with clinical codd lesions and are considered to be a necessary cause of disease. there are scant data on the antimicrobial susceptibility of the treponemes cult ... | 2015 | 26482550 |
| association of treponeme species with atypical foot lesions in goats. | five uk goat farms with high levels of lameness (prevalence 14-67 per cent) were investigated. on two farms (farms 1 and 2), the animals presented with typical footrot lesions. the remaining three farms (farms 3, 4 and 5) presented with infected lesions on the foot that did not resemble footrot. these lesions were observed to start from the white line or sole but the interdigital space was rarely affected. swabs were processed by pcr to assess the presence of dichelobacter nodosus and three spec ... | 2015 | 25977404 |
| a molecular epidemiology of treponemes in beef cattle digital dermatitis lesions and comparative analyses with sheep contagious ovine digital dermatitis and dairy cattle digital dermatitis lesions. | bovine digital dermatitis (bdd) is an infective foot disease commonly reported in dairy cattle where treponema are considered as the primary causative infectious agents. there still remains little definitive information on the etiology of bdd in beef cattle suggesting further investigations are warranted. beef bdd lesions (n=34) and healthy beef foot tissues (n=38) were analysed by pcr for three bdd-associated treponema phylogroups and also for dichelobacter nodosus and fusobacterium necrophorum ... | 2015 | 25937315 |
| histopathological characterization of the lesions of contagious ovine digital dermatitis and immunolabelling of treponema-like organisms. | contagious ovine digital dermatitis (codd) is a cause of severe lameness in sheep and the three treponema phylogroups treponema medium/treponema vincentii-like, treponema phagedenis-like and treponema pedis have been associated with clinical disease. the aims of this study were: (1) to describe the histopathological changes associated with each previously established grade of clinical lesion, and (2) to investigate immunohistochemically the association of the treponema-like organisms with the ob ... | 2015 | 26597022 |
| digital dermatitis treponemes associated with a severe foot disease in dairy goats. | a uk dairy goat herd was assessed after reports of a severe lameness problem of unknown aetiology. a lameness prevalence estimate was produced and individual clinical examination of 15 randomly selected lame goats was performed. fifteen animals had foot lesions closely resembling contagious ovine digital dermatitis (codd) in sheep. eight of the goats examined presented with typical codd lesions and seven showed what appeared to be a more severe codd with under-running of the sole. ten biopsy sam ... | 2015 | 25428906 |
| digital dermatitis in dairy cows: a review of risk factors and potential sources of between-animal variation in susceptibility. | digital dermatitis (dd) is a bacterial disease that primarily affects the skin on the heels of cattle. it is a major cause of lameness in dairy cows and a significant problem for the dairy industry in many countries, causing reduced animal welfare and economic loss. a wide range of infection levels has been found on infected farms, prompting investigations into both farm level and animal level risk factors for dd occurrence. there also appears to be individual variation between animals in suscep ... | 2015 | 26479371 |
| a novel approach to probe host-pathogen interactions of bovine digital dermatitis, a model of a complex polymicrobial infection. | polymicrobial infections represent a great challenge for the clarification of disease etiology and the development of comprehensive diagnostic or therapeutic tools, particularly for fastidious and difficult-to-cultivate bacteria. using bovine digital dermatitis (dd) as a disease model, we introduce a novel strategy to study the pathogenesis of complex infections. | 2016 | 27908274 |
| the structure of treponema pallidum tp0751 (pallilysin) reveals a non-canonical lipocalin fold that mediates adhesion to extracellular matrix components and interactions with host cells. | syphilis is a chronic disease caused by the bacterium treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum. treponema pallidum disseminates widely throughout the host and extravasates from the vasculature, a process that is at least partially dependent upon the ability of t. pallidum to interact with host extracellular matrix (ecm) components. defining the molecular basis for the interaction between t. pallidum and the host is complicated by the intractability of t. pallidum to in vitro culturing and genetic mani ... | 2016 | 27683203 |
| multilocus sequence typing of pathogenic treponemes isolated from cloven-hoofed animals and comparison to treponemes isolated from humans. | treponema species are implicated in many diseases of humans and animals. digital dermatitis (dd) treponemes are reported to cause severe lesions in cattle, sheep, pigs, goats, and wild elk, causing substantial global animal welfare issues and economic losses. the fastidiousness of these spirochetes has previously precluded studies investigating within-phylogroup genetic diversity. an archive of treponemes that we isolated enabled multilocus sequence typing to quantify the diversity and populatio ... | 2016 | 27208135 |
| toll-like receptor cascade and gene polymorphism in host-pathogen interaction in lyme disease. | lyme disease (ld) risk occurs in north america and europe where the tick vectors of the causal agent borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato are found. it is associated with local and systemic manifestations, and has persistent posttreatment health complications in some individuals. the innate immune system likely plays a critical role in both host defense against b. burgdorferi and disease severity. recognition of b. burgdorferi, activation of the innate immune system, production of proinflammatory cyt ... | 2016 | 27330321 |
| potential bacterial core species associated with digital dermatitis in cattle herds identified by molecular profiling of interdigital skin samples. | although treponemes are consistently identified in tissue from bovine digital dermatitis (dd) lesions, the definitive etiology of this debilitating polymicrobial disease is still unresolved. to study the microbiomes of 27 dd-infected and 10 healthy interdigital skin samples, we used a combination of different molecular methods. deep sequencing of the 16s rrna gene variable regions v1-v2 showed that treponema, mycoplasma, fusobacterium and porphyromonas were the genera best differentiating the dd ... | 2016 | 27016768 |
| genetic analysis of a treponema phagedenis locus encoding antigenic lipoproteins with potential for antigenic variation. | digital dermatitis (dd) is a painful and debilitating claw disease in cattle. spirochetes of the genus treponema are found in high numbers in the lesions and are likely to be involved in the pathogenesis. the occurrence of treponema phagedenis in dd lesions, especially near the interface of healthy and diseased tissue, suggests that this species contributes to the development and/or progression of the lesions. in this study we characterized a genetic locus in t. phagedenis that contains coding r ... | 2016 | 27259832 |
| severe foot lesions in dairy goats associated with digital dermatitis treponemes. | treponeme-associated foot disease has been described in cattle with digital dermatitis and sheep with contagious ovine digital dermatitis. in this study, severe foot lesions in dairy goats associated with digital dermatitis treponemes (i.e. treponema medium, treponema phagedenis and treponema pedis) were characterized macroscopically, radiographically and histologically. the main macroscopic foot lesion was of extensive solar ulceration with or without exophytic papilliform hyperkeratosis. radio ... | 2016 | 27162082 |
| in-depth snapshot of the equine subgingival microbiome. | this study explored the range of bacterial taxa present within healthy subgingival (below the gum-line) niches in the horse oral cavity using 16s rrna gene amplicon pyrosequencing. pooled subgingival plaque samples were collected from approximately 200 sulcus sites from two horses (eq1, eq2) for analysis. a total of 14,260 quality-filtered pyrosequencing reads were obtained, which were assigned to 3875 operational taxonomic units (otus; 99% identity cut-off); 1907 otus for eq1 and 2156 otus for ... | 2016 | 26550763 |
| whole-flock, metaphylactic tilmicosin failed to eliminate contagious ovine digital dermatitis and footrot in sheep: a cluster randomised trial. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical success of whole-flock systemic tilmicosin and enhanced biosecurity in eliminating active contagious ovine digital dermatitis (codd) from sheep flocks. thirty flocks in the uk were randomly allocated to receive either treatment as usual (as per the farmer's normal routine) or whole-flock treatment with tilmicosin, together with isolation and extended treatment of clinically affected individuals and isolation and treatment of purchased sheep duri ... | 2016 | 27450091 |
| characterization of five novel brevibacillus bacteriophages and genomic comparison of brevibacillus phages. | brevibacillus laterosporus is a spore-forming bacterium that causes a secondary infection in beehives following european foulbrood disease. to better understand the contributions of brevibacillus bacteriophages to the evolution of their hosts, five novel phages (jenst, osiris, powder, sectim467, and sundance) were isolated and characterized. when compared with the five brevibacillus phages currently in ncbi, these phages were assigned to clusters based on whole genome and proteome synteny. powde ... | 2016 | 27304881 |
| a highly effective protocol for the rapid and consistent induction of digital dermatitis in holstein calves. | bovine digital dermatitis (dd) is a leading cause of lameness in dairy cattle. dd is reportedly increasing in prevalence in beef cattle feedlots of the us. the exact etiologic agent(s) responsible for the disease have yet to be determined. multiple studies have demonstrated the presence of a variety of treponema spp. within lesions. attempts to reproduce clinically relevant disease using pure cultures of these organisms has failed to result in lesions that mirror the morphology and severity of n ... | 2016 | 27119564 |
| detection of novel integrons in the metagenome of human saliva. | integrons are genetic elements capable of capturing and expressing open reading frames (orfs) embedded within gene cassettes. they are involved in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (args) in clinically important pathogens. although the args are common in the oral cavity the association of integrons and antibiotic resistance has not been reported there. in this work, a pcr-based approach was used to investigate the presence of integrons and associated gene cassettes in human oral m ... | 2016 | 27304457 |
| comparative genomics reveals new evolutionary and ecological patterns of selenium utilization in bacteria. | selenium (se) is an important micronutrient for many organisms, which is required for the biosynthesis of selenocysteine, selenouridine and se-containing cofactor. several key genes involved in different se utilization traits have been characterized; however, systematic studies on the evolution and ecological niches of se utilization are very limited. here, we analyzed more than 5200 sequenced organisms to examine the occurrence patterns of all se traits in bacteria. a global species map of all ... | 2016 | 26800233 |