Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| multiple tandemly repeated binding sites for cellular nuclear factor 1 that surround the major immediate-early promoters of simian and human cytomegalovirus. | we show that the large dna genomes of human and simian cytomegaloviruses (hcmv and scmv, respectively) each contain multiple binding sites for purified cellular nuclear factor 1 (nf1) protein. examination of the major immediate-early (ie) gene region in the hindiii h fragment of scmv (colburn) by filter binding assays showed that it competed 45-fold better than the single adenovirus type 2 binding site for nf1 protein and that it contained at least two distinct binding loci. direct dnase i footp ... | 1987 | 3033283 |
| conservation and map location of human cytomegalovirus strain ad-169 transforming sequences in the dna of clinical isolates. | all dnas from human cytomegalovirus studied (57 fresh isolates, 3 reference strains) showed hybridization under stringent conditions to a plasmid containing strain ad-169 transforming sequences. analysis of hybridization patterns obtained with dnas digested by three different enzymes allowed construction of a global map for this highly conserved area of the genome. | 1987 | 3033447 |
| effects of herpesvirus infections on the chemiluminescence induced by zymosan phagocytosis in mouse peritoneal macrophages. | the chemiluminescence (cl) induced by zymosan phagocytosis was tested in mouse peritoneal macrophages infected with three different types of herpes viruses: herpes simplex type-1 (hsv-1), human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) and murine cytomegalovirus (mcmv). the intensity of cl was tested in various intervals of virus infections. in the first eight hours zymosan induced chemiluminescence decreased in all the three systems. by the 24th hour, the macrophages infected with hcmv had almost completely recov ... | 1987 | 2830762 |
| nucleotide sequence of the most abundantly transcribed early gene of human cytomegalovirus strain ad169. | cytoplasmic poly(a+)rna was isolated from human embryo fibroblast cells during the early phase of an infection with human cytomegalovirus strain ad169. these preparations contained a single abundant transcript of 2.7 kb which was derived from each of the repeat sequences flanking the long unique region of the virus genome. the gene was unspliced and poly(a+)rna derived from it continued to accumulate in the cytoplasm of cells during the later stages of infection. this gene and the surrounding re ... | 1987 | 2436392 |
| human monoclonal antibodies neutralizing human cytomegalovirus. | hybridomas producing human monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against human cytomegalovirus (cmv) were generated by fusion of human spleen cells and mouse myeloma cells. two of the six mabs obtained neutralized viral infectivity even at concentrations lower than 1 microgram/ml. one mab required complement for neutralization but the other did not. both mabs recognized viral proteins of mr 130,000 and 55,000. furthermore, these neutralizing mabs bound to the surface membrane of cmv-infected cells. these ... | 1987 | 2437245 |
| alteration of protein phosphorylation patterns in cell lines morphologically transformed by human cytomegalovirus. | human fibroblastic cell lines morphologically transformed by either live virus or dna fragments of human cytomegalovirus had altered plasma membrane protein composition; quantitative changes, and gains and losses in protein composition in comparison to normal parent cell lines were detected. these transformed cell lines showed altered total cell protein phosphorylation patterns when compared to parent cell lines. a two to four fold increase in in vivo protein phosphorylation at serine and threon ... | 1987 | 2441849 |
| treatment of cytomegalovirus retinopathy with ganciclovir. | ganciclovir is an experimental antiviral drug with activity against human cytomegalovirus (cmv). forty patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) and cmv retinopathy were treated with ganciclovir on a compassionate protocol basis. initial treatment doses ranged from 5.0 to 14.0 mg/kg/day for 9 to 26 days. signs of drug response were a halt to enlargement of lesions, decreased opacification of retinal tissue, and resolution of hemorrhage and vasculitis. complete response was seen in ... | 1987 | 2821464 |
| human cytomegalovirus structural components: intracellular and intraviral localization of p28 and p65-69 by immunoelectron microscopy. | using specific monoclonal antibodies, we have localized two structural proteins (p65-69 and p28) of human cytomegalovirus in infected cells and in virions and/or virus-related particles by immunoelectron microscopy using protein a-gold. protein p65-69 is present in some roundish structures in the nuclei, often in contact with the viroplasm, and in the cytoplasm, exclusively within the dense body matrix. protein p28 is present only in the outline of cytoplasmic capsids, and reaches the highest de ... | 1987 | 2821705 |
| resistance to methylation de novo of the human cytomegalovirus immediate early enhancer in a model for virus latency and reactivation in vitro. | rat-9g cells carry several stably integrated copies of the major immediate early (ie) transcription unit of the human cytomegalovirus (hcmv). in these cells ie expression is repressed but inducible. in this report we describe the dna methylation status of hpaii, hhai and ahaii sites within the ie gene, determined at different passage levels. most, if not all, of the resident ie genes were progressively methylated in a similar fashion. this resulted in dna methylation patterns in which sites surr ... | 1987 | 2824664 |
| human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) enhances bovine papilloma virus (bpv) transformation in vitro. | infection of nih 3t3 cells with a combination of hcmv and bpv resulted in more foci than infection with bpv alone. foci were microscopically apparent at 4 days in the mixed infection and did not appear until 2 days later in the cultures infected with bpv alone. the enhancement was abolished by heat inactivation of the hcmv and also when the hcmv was replaced by a "mock inoculum." southern blot analysis of cellular dna from transformed cells showed a similar amount of extrachromosomal bpv dna in ... | 1987 | 2824682 |
| ultrastructural characterization of a new human b lymphotropic dna virus (human herpesvirus 6) isolated from patients with lymphoproliferative disease. | a new dna virus, designated "human b lymphotropic virus" or "human herpesvirus 6" (hblv), has been isolated from the peripheral blood leukocytes of patients with various lymphoproliferative disorders, in some instances also associated with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1) infection. hblv, propagated in vitro in human cord blood lymphocytes, was found to be ultrastructurally similar to members of the herpesvirus family. it is an enveloped virus with an icosahedral nucleocapsid made up of 162 ... | 1987 | 2824914 |
| inhibition of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytolysis of tumor cells by fc receptor of human cytomegalovirus. brief report. | the presence of hcmv-infected cells inhibits the killing of mouse tumor cells by adherent pec in an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (adcc) test system. the effect of hcmv-infected cells on adcc is mediated by the binding of igg to the fc receptors of infected cells. | 1987 | 2825621 |
| negative and positive regulation by a short segment in the 5'-flanking region of the human cytomegalovirus major immediate-early gene. | to analyze the significance of inducible dnase i-hypersensitive sites occurring in the 5'-flanking sequence of the major immediate-early gene of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv), various deleted portions of the hcmv immediate-early promoter regulatory region were attached to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) gene and assayed for activity in transiently transfected undifferentiated and differentiated human teratocarcinoma cells, tera-2. assays of progressive deletions in the promoter regula ... | 1987 | 2828927 |
| an ebv-based mammalian cell expression vector for efficient expression of cloned coding sequences. | the construction of a mammalian cell expression vector using human cytomegalovirus immediate early gene enhancer to initiate transcription of inserted coding sequences is described. the vector also carries epstein-barr virus ebna-1 nuclear antigen gene, ori-p sequences and hygromycin b resistance gene hph from e. coli. the expression capacity of this construct was tested by inserting the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) gene into the vector. the ebv-cat construct was transfected into vari ... | 1988 | 2829966 |
| human immune responses to major human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein complexes. | sera from both human cytomegalovirus (hcmv)-seropositive adults and infants with congenital hcmv infection recognized two major hcmv glycoprotein complexes. however, proliferative responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to these complexes varied among seropositive adults and were not detected in any of the infants. thus, these glycoproteins alone may not be sufficient to develop a subviral hcmv vaccine. | 1988 | 2828655 |
| four phosphoproteins with common amino termini are encoded by human cytomegalovirus ad169. | in this report, we identify the proteins encoded by the 2.2-kilobase class of early transcripts arising from a region of the strain ad169 human cytomegalovirus genome (map units 0.682 to 0.713) which contains cell-related sequences. these transcripts, encoded by adjacent ecori fragments r and d, have a complex spliced structure with 5' and 3' coterminal ends. antiserum directed against a synthetic 11-amino-acid peptide corresponding to the predicted amino terminus of the proteins was generated a ... | 1988 | 2824853 |
| syngeneic monoclonal anti-idiotype antibodies that bear the internal image of a human cytomegalovirus neutralization epitope. | two glycoproteins have been identified on human cmv that induce neutralizing antibody; an 86,000-da glycoprotein and a 130,000-, 92,000-, and 50,000-da glycoprotein coimmunoprecipitating complex that appears to be the gb homologue of hsv. we have produced syngeneic monoclonal anti-id antibodies (mab2) of the igm isotype to a cmv-neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mab1) that is known to bind to the 86,000-da glycoprotein on the virion envelope. these mab2 bear the internal image of the original vi ... | 1988 | 2448380 |
| sulfated polysaccharides are potent and selective inhibitors of various enveloped viruses, including herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, vesicular stomatitis virus, and human immunodeficiency virus. | several sulfated polysaccharides (dextran sulfate, pentosan polysulfate, fucoidan, and carrageenans) proved to be potent inhibitors for herpes simplex virus, human cytomegalovirus, vesicular stomatitis virus, sindbis virus, and human immunodeficiency virus. they were moderately inhibitory to vaccinia virus but not inhibitory to adenovirus, coxsackievirus, poliovirus, parainfluenza virus, and reovirus. these results indicate that, with the exception of parainfluenza virus, enveloped viruses are s ... | 1988 | 2472775 |
| human cytomegalovirus-specific cytotoxic t cells: their precursor frequency and stage specificity. | human virus-specific cytotoxic t (tc) cells may be important in maintaining the virus/host equilibrium during persistent herpes virus infections such as that with human cytomegalovirus (hcmv). we have previously shown that hcmv-specific tc cells are present in peripheral blood in normal asymptomatic seropositive individuals (l. k. borysiewicz et al., eur. j. immunol. 1983. 13: 804). in this study we have used limiting dilution analysis to estimate the precursor frequency of these tc cells and to ... | 1988 | 2832181 |
| a 46 kd polypeptide, present in purified human cytomegalovirus, is provided with dnase activity and is antigenically related to a higher molecular weight, enzymatically inactive, cellular protein. | dnase activity can be detected in lysates of extensively purified human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) particles. the presence of activity only in purified virions and not in dense bodies and its neutralization by hcmv-positive human sera strongly suggest that the enzyme is virus-specific. in situ analysis of the enzymatic activity of individual hcmv polypeptides, separated in a dna-containing polyacrylamide gel, has shown that the dnase activity present in purified virions is mainly associated with a p ... | 1988 | 2832711 |
| characterization of two different human cytomegalovirus glycoproteins which are targets for virus neutralizing antibody. | in previous studies we have identified two viral polypeptides detected by murine monoclonal antibodies which neutralize the infectivity of human cytomegalovirus (cmv) ad169. one is an 86,000-da polypeptide (p86) and the second is a complex of two major coimmunoprecipitating polypeptides of 130,000 and 55,000 da (p130/55). in this study we have shown that the two viral polypeptides are immunologically unrelated and have distinct peptide cleavage patterns. we have characterized these polypeptides ... | 1988 | 2833009 |
| effect of natural human interferon-beta on the replication of human cytomegalovirus. | the antiviral effect of natural human interferon-beta (huifn-beta) against human cytomegalovirus (cmv) was evaluated in human embryonic lung fibroblasts (hel). natural huifn-beta, like other huifns, inhibited the replication of cmv. pretreatment of the cells with natural huifn-beta inhibited the appearance of immediate-early antigen (iea) or pre-early nuclear antigen (pena) as well as the production of infectious cmv. after a single treatment with natural huifn-beta, intracellular 2', 5'-oligoad ... | 1988 | 2850341 |
| detection of human cytomegalovirus by slot-blot hybridisation assay employing oligo-primed 32p-labelled probe. | a 32p-labelled hind iii-0 dna fragment (nine kilobases; kb) from human cytomegalovirus ad-169 (hcmv) was used in slot-blot hybridisation assay for the detection of hcmv in clinical samples. the results obtained with dna hybridisation assay (dna ha) were compared with virus isolation using conventional tube cell culture (ctc) and centrifugation vial culture (cvc), immunofluorescence (if), and complement fixation test (cft). of 15 ctc-positive samples, 13 were positive with dna ha (sensitivity 86. ... | 1988 | 2850344 |
| interaction of herpes simplex virus type 2 with a rat glioma cell line. | the interaction between herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) and two neural cell lines, mouse neuroblastoma (n1e-115) and rat glioma (c6-bu-1), was investigated. n1e-115 cells were permissive to both types of hsv. in c6-bu-1 cells, on the other hand, all the hsv-1 strains tested so far showed persistent infection, and the infectious virus of hsv-2 strains disappeared spontaneously. the hsv-2-infected c6-bu-1 cells were positive for hsv-2-specific dna sequences, virus-specific r ... | 1988 | 2850449 |
| detection of cytomegalovirus in bronchial lavage and urine using a monoclonal antibody to an hcmv early nuclear protein. | laboratory diagnosis of 24 cases of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) infection in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, renal transplant recipients and premature infants was achieved. these results were obtained by a rapid, sensitive and versatile hcmv-antigen detection method, which combined cell culture and immunoperoxidase staining with a monoclonal antibody to an hcmv "early" nuclear protein. the results were compared with hcmv isolation by the conventional cell culture method. w ... | 1988 | 2850996 |
| antibodies to human cytomegalovirus structural polypeptides during primary infection. | this study aimed at broadening the understanding of the immunogenic potential of cytomegalovirus (cmv) structural polypeptides during natural infection and to ascertain their possible use in serological diagnosis. immunoblotting was used to analyse the appearance and development of serum igg and igm against human cmv structural polypeptides in sequential sera from renal transplant recipients during the first 1-3 months of primary cmv infection. the results showed that the first igg to appear is ... | 1988 | 2851606 |
| human antibody response to human cytomegalovirus-specific dna-binding proteins. | human antibody responses to human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) specific dna-binding proteins were studied in serum samples by the western blot technique. the molecular weights of six dna-binding proteins found in hcmv-infected cells, ranged from 52kd to 18kd. the sera obtained from patients with acute hcmv infections reacted well with the six hcmv specific dna-binding proteins. the strongest reactivity was observed with the 52kd and 35kd proteins. the sera from healthy hcmv seropositive donors reacted ... | 1988 | 2897767 |
| association of cytomegalovirus infection with autoimmune type 1 diabetes. | the lymphocytes from 59 newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic patients and 38 normal control subjects were examined for the presence of human cytomegalovirus (cmv) genome by molecular hybridizations with human cmv specific probe. the cmv specific viral genome was found in 13 (22%) of 59 diabetic patients, but in 1 (2.6%) of 38 control subjects. of the patients, 39% had islet cell antibody (ica) and 41% had cytotoxic beta cell surface antibody (cbsa) in their serum; of the controls the corresponding ra ... | 1988 | 2898620 |
| detection of human cytomegalovirus dna and viral antigens in tissues of different manifestations of cmv infection. | biopsy and autopsy specimens from 22 patients with cytomegalovirus (cmv) infections were investigated by means of in situ hybridization (ish) to detect viral dna and by immunohistochemistry (ihc) to visualize viral proteins. both methods proved to be valuable tools for histopathology. ish sometimes recognized cells that did not show typical cmv inclusions. an antiserum against the full spectrum of viral proteins (non-infectious enveloped particles) detected most cytomegalic cells in disseminated ... | 1988 | 2901164 |
| the use of elisa and nonradioactive dna hybridization assays for the detection of human cytomegalovirus. | a hybridization assay using a biotinylated dna probe was compared to both elisa and direct isolation methods for detecting human cytomegalovirus (hcmv). the biotin labeled hcmv ad 169 hindiii-o-dna fragment was used in a dot-blot assay to screen for the presence of hcmv in 186 urine specimens obtained from kidney transplant patients. the biotinylated hcmv hindiii-o probe could detect 3 log10 tcid50 units of hcmv. urine specimens were also examined for the presence of hcmv by either elisa or dire ... | 1988 | 2836464 |
| induction of gene expression under human cytomegalovirus immediate early enhancer-promoter control by inhibition of protein synthesis is cell cycle-dependent. | in this paper we describe stably transfected rat cell lines which harbour either the human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) immediate early (ie) gene encoding the 72k ie nuclear antigen (iea) or the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) gene both under transcriptional control of the hcmv ie enhancer-promoter (-484 to -19 relative to the ie cap site, +1). in these cell lines ie gene or cat gene expression is repressed but can be induced by heat-shock, by sodium arsenite and by inhibitors of pro ... | 1988 | 2838570 |
| cytomegalovirus alters the von willebrand factor content in human endothelial cells. | cultured human endothelial cells were infected with human cytomegalovirus ad 169 and kerr. the infection resulted in the appearance of viral antigens in the nuclei of about 10% of the endothelial cells and in the concomitant disappearance of vwf from the infected cells. no differences were observed between endothelial cells from different sources (umbilical cord veins or arteries, adult veins). | 1988 | 2838925 |
| synthesis and antiviral activity of certain 4-substituted and 2,4-disubstituted 7-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines. | treatment of the sodium salt of 4-chloro-2-(methylthio)pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (2) with (2-acetoxyethoxy)methyl bromide (3) has provided 4-chloro-2-(methylthio)-7[(2-acetoxyethoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3- d]pyrimidine (4). ammonolysis of 4 at room temperature gave 4-chloro-2-(methylthio)-7-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3- d]pyrimidine (5). however, ammonolysis of 5 at 130 degrees c furnished 4-amino-2-(methylthio)-7-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-pyrrolo[2,3- d]pyrimidine (6), which on desulfurizati ... | 1988 | 2840500 |
| comparative study with monospecific and monoclonal antibodies against a 65 k human cytomegalovirus protein. | immunofluorescence assay using monospecific and monoclonal antibodies to the 65 k major protein of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) was carried out to monitor the expression of this protein in infected cells. regardless of differences in the reactivity of the monoclonal antibodies, as determined by immunoblotting and immunofluorescent staining, all stained cytoplasmic inclusion bodies localized to the site of the hcmv-induced receptor for the fc portion of igg, suggesting that most of the 65 k major ... | 1988 | 2843150 |
| natural killing of fibroblasts infected with low-passage clinical isolates of human cytomegalovirus. | fibroblasts infected with most low-passage clinical isolates of human cytomegalovirus (cmv) were as susceptible to lysis by human natural killer (nk) cells as high passage ad-169-infected fibroblasts. nk lysis occurred despite the absence of detectable cmv-specific late membrane antigen(s) on the majority of the target cells infected with most of the low passage strains. the magnitude of nk lysis of different cmv-infected target cells did not correlate with their ability to induce ifn-alpha. nk ... | 1988 | 2844455 |
| hydrolysis of inositol lipids: an early signal of human cytomegalovirus infection. | the production of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (ip 3) and 1,2-diacylglycerol (dg) as an early cellular response to human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) infection was investigated in human embryo lung (lu) cells. the results obtained show transient 85 and 30% increases in ip3 and dg, respectively, 20 min post-exposure to hcmv. following heat inactivation or serum neutralization of hcmv stock or in the presence of papaverine we failed to detect increased levels of ip3 and dg relative to mock-infected lu cu ... | 1988 | 2845892 |
| selective inhibition of human cytomegalovirus replication by a novel nucleoside, oxetanocin g. | a novel nucleoside with an oxetanosyl-n-glycoside has been recently isolated from a culture filtrate from bacillus megaterium and named oxetanocin a (n. shimada, s. hasegawa, t. harada, t. tomisawa, a. fujii, and t. takita, j. antibiot. 39:1623-1625, 1986). in this study, we evaluated the antiherpesvirus activity of oxetanocin a and its derivatives and found that 9-(2-deoxy-2-hydroxymethyl-beta-d-erythro-oxetanosyl)guanine (oxt-g) was very potent and selective in inhibiting the replication of hu ... | 1988 | 2847638 |
| prophylaxis of serious cytomegalovirus infection in renal transplant candidates using live human cytomegalovirus vaccine. interim results of a randomized controlled trial. | we report the interim results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of prophylactic, live, attenuated cytomegalovirus (cmv) vaccination (towne strain of cmv) of renal transplant candidates (rtcs). one hundred seventy-two rtcs were treated and subsequently underwent transplantation and followed up for at least one year and up to five years after transplantation. eighty-eight rtcs received vaccine, and 84 received placebo. results were analyzed according to the prevacci ... | 1988 | 2847687 |
| cytomegalovirus replicates efficiently in human kidney mesangial cells. | human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) is a major renal pathogen in congenitally infected infants and renal allograft recipients. we postulated that a specific renal cell type was involved in hcmv infection and reactivation. human fetal kidney cortex cell cultures were assayed for their ability to support hcmv infection. infectious center assays indicated that the low level of viral replication observed by virus yield assay occurred from a fraction of the cells in the mixed cultures. virus-specific immuno ... | 1988 | 2830624 |
| a gene for dihydrofolate reductase in a herpesvirus. | the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) is found ubiquitously in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. it is essential for de novo synthesis of purines and of deoxythymidine monophosphate for dna synthesis. among viruses, however, only the t-even and t5 bacteriophage have been found to encode their own dhfr. in this study a gene for dhfr was found in a specific subgroup of the gamma or lymphotropic class of herpesviruses. dna sequences for dhfr were found in herpesvirus saimiri and herpesvirus atel ... | 1988 | 2830673 |
| identification and nucleotide sequence of the glycoprotein gb gene of equine herpesvirus 4. | the nucleotide sequence of the glycoprotein gb gene of equine herpesvirus 4 (ehv-4) was determined. the gene was located within a bamhi genomic library by a combination of southern and dot-blot hybridization with probes derived from the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) gb dna sequence. the predominant portion of the coding sequences was mapped to a 2.95-kilobase bamhi-ecori subfragment at the left-hand end of bamhi-c. potential tata box, cat box, and mrna start site sequences and the translat ... | 1989 | 2915378 |
| transcriptional activity of the herpes simplex virus genome during establishment, maintenance, and reactivation of in vitro virus latency. | we previously have described a model of in vitro herpes simplex virus (hsv) latency in which latent infection was (i) established with human leukocyte interferon (ifn-alpha) in combination with (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (bvdu) or 9-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]guanine (acyclovir); (ii) maintained after termination of combined inhibitor treatment by incubation at 40.5 degrees, and (iii) reactivated by either reducing the incubation temperature to 37 degrees or by superinfecting at the elev ... | 1989 | 2473963 |
| expression of antisense rna fails to inhibit influenza virus replication. | cell lines were constructed which permanently express influenza virus-specific rna. two approaches were followed. c127 cells were transformed with bovine papilloma virus (bpv) vectors and the resulting cell lines were found to inhibit the replication of influenza virus at low multiplicity of infection (moi 0.05). however, examination of cellular rna using single-stranded probes revealed the presence of both (+)sense and antisense rna transcripts (45-70 copies per cell). in this bpv-based system ... | 1989 | 2481910 |
| analysis of a region of the human cytomegalovirus (ad169) genome coding for a 25-kilodalton virion protein. | in a previous study, we reported the isolation of a lambda gt11 cdna clone (c3) for a virus message that mapped to the hindiii r fragment (human cytomegalovirus [ad169]). in this report, we further analyze transcription from this region of the genome. c3 was used to probe northern (rna) blots of rna isolated from infected cells. two abundant messages, 1.3 and 1.6 kilobases (kb) in size, were detected at 62 h postinfection (p.i.). examination of different time points determined that the 1.6-kb mr ... | 1989 | 2535729 |
| a human cytomegalovirus early gene has three inducible promoters that are regulated differentially at various times after infection. | the long inverted repeat and the adjacent sequences are major early transcription sites of the human cytomegalovirus genome (m. w. wathen and m. f. stinski, j. virol. 41:462-477, 1982). an early transcription unit which flanks the large terminal repeat was analyzed by rna mapping at various times after infection. three unspliced, overlapping rnas were transcribed from different initiation sites and terminated at the same 3' end. individual promoters were isolated for all three transcripts. these ... | 1989 | 2535734 |
| rapid diagnosis of cytomegalovirus by indirect immunofluorescence assay with monoclonal antibody f6b in a commercially available kit. | anti-human cytomegalovirus (cmv) monoclonal antibody (mab) f6b produced by clone 95/12 was used for the rapid diagnosis (16 to 24 h) of cmv isolates in 308 clinical specimens and compared with classic isolation. mab f6b gave 100% correlation with isolation. when this mab was used for direct diagnosis with 212 urine and bronchoalveolar specimens, detection of cmv varied from 50 to 75% compared with viral isolation. | 1989 | 2536759 |
| electric field-induced cell fusion and human monoclonal antibodies. | a persistent problem in the generation of antigen-specific human monoclonal antibodies is the rarity of appropriate b cells in human blood or splenic tissues. in order to immortalize the rare antigen-specific cells that are available, an electric field-induced cell fusion technique has been shown to markedly increase the fusion efficiency in comparison to polyethylene glycol-induced cell fusion using epstein-barr virus (ebv) or pokeweed mitogen activated b cells. fusion efficiency of 10(-3)-10(- ... | 1989 | 2536773 |
| regulation of cytomegalovirus late-gene expression: differential use of three start sites in the transcriptional activation of icp36 gene expression. | we have investigated the transcriptional regulation of the human cytomegalovirus gamma gene encoding the icp36 family (p52, the major late dna-binding protein). the icp36 transcription unit initiates at three distinct sites which are separated by approximately 50 nucleotides and are differentially regulated during infection. at early times (8 h postinfection), only two of these start sites, the most proximal and distal site, were active whereas at late times (36 h postinfection), the middle star ... | 1989 | 2538657 |
| multiplicity dependent expression of the predominant phosphoprotein pp65 of human cytomegalovirus. | recent clinical isolates of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) display considerable quantitative differences in the expression of the structural phosphoprotein pp65. this study shows that a reduced production of pp65 correlates with reduced amounts of its coding transcript in wild-type strains compared to the high level expression in the laboratory strain ad169. the cleavage pattern of the encoding dnas including the promoter region did not show major differences among the isolates. therefore the vari ... | 1989 | 2539706 |
| protective effects of towne cytomegalovirus vaccine against low-passage cytomegalovirus administered as a challenge. | to test the protective effect of towne live attenuated human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) vaccine in normal individuals, we developed a parenteral challenge consisting of a low-passage isolate (toledo stain) inoculated subcutaneously in graded doses. this challenge virus caused a mild mononucleosis syndrome in seronegative individuals at doses of 10 or 100 pfu. the illness was accompanied by atypical lymphocytosis, raised hepatic enzymes, excretion of hcmv and hcmv-specific immune responses. naturally ... | 1989 | 2540247 |
| genomic locus for a 140 kda structural protein (pp150) of human cytomegalovirus in strains towne and ad169. | an hcmv specific clone was isolated from a genomic library of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) dna cloned into the expression vector lambda gt11. this clone (lambda 111-1) expressed an hcmv/beta-galactosidase fusion protein which was reactive with rabbit antibody prepared against purified hcmv virions and dense bodies as well as human hcmv immune serum. by probing western blots of hcmv virion proteins or hcmv-infected cells with antibody prepared against the fusion protein, the authentic gene produc ... | 1989 | 2541578 |
| detection of cytomegalovirus dna in short term cultures. | detection of human cytomegalovirus (cmv) by in situ dna hybridisation six days after incubation of human diploid fibroblasts (isdh-6) was evaluated prospectively in 205 urine samples, obtained from 57 kidney transplant and 17 bone marrow transplant recipients. the results were compared to those of conventional virus isolation (cvi) and the detection of cmv early antigens after one day of cultivation (ea-1). of 42 samples positive for cmv by at least one of these methods, 40 (95%) were detected w ... | 1989 | 2542353 |
| the human cytomegalovirus mtrii colinear region in strain tanaka is transformation defective. | the morphological transforming region ii (mtrii) of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) strain towne has been localized to a 980-base-pair fragment containing three putative open reading frames (orfs) of 79, 83, and 34 amino acids (aa). in addition, noncoding dna sequence elements which have the potential to form stem-loop structures were also observed within mtrii. to determine what elements within hcmv towne mtrii are important in transformation, colinear regions in other hcmv strains (ad169 and tana ... | 1989 | 2542596 |
| posttranscriptional regulation of a class of human cytomegalovirus phosphoproteins encoded by an early transcription unit. | we have further characterized and determined the origins of a family of nuclear phosphoproteins of 84, 50, 43, and 34 kilodaltons (kda) encoded by a class of early transcripts arising from the adjacent ecori fragments r and d (map units 0.682 to 0.713) of the strain ad169 human cytomegalovirus genome. these rnas have a complex spliced structure with common 5' and internal exons and alternative 3' exons with coterminal 3' ends. at early times, two fully processed species of 2.1 and 2.2 kilobases ... | 1989 | 2542619 |
| restriction endonuclease analysis of human cytomegalovirus isolated in immunocompromised patients. | cytomegalovirus is frequently isolated from immunosuppressed patients or from patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. twelve patients were studied for several months. in 7 patients more than 1 cytomegalovirus was isolated; in one of these patients three viruses were isolated, two of them show small differences in their migration pattern and the third seems to be a different strain after restriction analysis of cmv genome. this could reflect variation in the genome of the cmv virus as i ... | 1989 | 2542869 |
| the folate antagonist, methotrexate, is a potent inhibitor of murine and human cytomegalovirus in vitro. | cytomegalovirus (cmv) is a major source of morbidity for immunocompromised patients, such as aids patients. the folic acid antagonists have not been explored as potential antiviral agents against cmv. we examined the effects of methotrexate, compared to acyclovir and ganciclovir, on both murine cmv (mcmv) and human cmv (hcmv) in vitro. using a plaque assay in mouse embryo cells or human foreskin fibroblasts for mcmv and hcmv respectively, we found that methotrexate, in micromolar concentrations, ... | 1989 | 2543289 |
| expression of oncogenic ras in human teratocarcinoma cells induces partial differentiation and permissiveness for human cytomegalovirus infection. | retinoic acid (ra)-induced differentiation of human teratocarcinoma (t2) cells results in a change from a normally non-permissive phenotype for human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) infection to cells which are fully permissive. we have used this system to analyse factors associated with differentiation which may regulate hcmv gene expression. differentiation of t2 cells results in an increase of c-ras expression. consequently, we have introduced ras expression vectors into t2 cells. we find that, as wit ... | 1989 | 2543742 |
| human cytomegalovirus and monocytes: limited infection and negligible immunosuppression in normal mononuclear cells infected in vitro with mycoplasma-free virus strains. | human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) infection has previously been associated with the production of immunosuppression. the mechanism by which any such immunosuppressive effect might be mediated is unclear but previous work has implicated an effect of the virus on monocytes. we have attempted to characterize the immunosuppressive activity produced by in vitro infection of normal monocytes with hcmv strain ad169. we first examined the ability of hcmv ad169 and recent clinical isolates to infect normal pe ... | 1989 | 2543753 |
| identification and preliminary use of recombinant lambda gt11 fusion proteins in human cytomegalovirus diagnosis. | we have isolated reactive clones from a lambda gt11 expression library of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) dna using hcmv-positive human sera. among the recombinant clones obtained, one carried a fragment encoding a portion of p52, the major non-structural dna-binding protein of 52k (p52) and another carried a part of the gene coding for pl50, the major structural phosphoprotein. these two fusion proteins were examined by immunoblot analysis to test their ability to bind specific antibodies in human ... | 1989 | 2543778 |
| synthesis and antiviral activity of the nucleotide analogue (s)-1-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonylmethoxy)propyl]cytosine. | the acyclic nucleotide analogue (s)-1-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonylmethoxy)propyl] cytosine (2, hpmpc) was prepared on a multigram scale in 18% overall yield starting from (r)-2,3-o-isopropylideneglycerol. the key step in the nine-step synthetic route is coupling of cytosine with the side-chain derivative 8 which bears a protected phosphonylmethyl ether group. in vitro data showed that hpmpc has good activity against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, although it was 10-fold less potent than acyclov ... | 1989 | 2544723 |
| a subset of herpes simplex virus replication genes induces dna amplification within the host cell genome. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) induces dna amplification of target genes within the host cell chromosome. to characterize the hsv genes that mediate the amplification effect, combinations of cloned dna fragments covering the entire hsv genome were transiently transfected into simian virus 40 (sv40)-transformed hamster cells. this led to amplification of the integrated sv40 dna sequences to a degree comparable to that observed after transfection of intact virion dna. transfection of combinations of s ... | 1989 | 2547992 |
| enzymatic amplification of human cytomegalovirus sequences by polymerase chain reaction. | polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification was used to detect human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) sequences. the fragments selected for amplification were fragments of 130 and 152 base pairs (bp) located at two opposite ends of hcmv strain ad169 ecori fragment d. amplification of the 152-bp dna was consistently greater than that of the 130-bp dna. at the optimal mg2+ concentration of 5 mm, specific pcr amplification of 152-bp dna with taq polymerase was sensitive; only one ad169-infected fibroblast ... | 1989 | 2549097 |
| protein analysis of herpes simplex virus latency in vitro established with cycloheximide. | herpes simplex virus (hsv)-specific protein synthesis was examined during establishment of hsv latency and reactivation of virus in human embryonic lung cells treated with cycloheximide and incubated at 40.5 degrees. eight viral proteins, identified during the first two days of establishment of latency at 40.5 degrees, were undetectable by day 3. at least two synthesized proteins were present during the maintenance phase of latency. reactivation of hsv (viral protein 135k) was first detected in ... | 1989 | 2549718 |
| myocardial involvement due to a disseminated human cytomegalovirus infection in a heart transplant recipient. a case report. | a cytomegalovirus seronegative 9 year-old child, affected by terminal dilated cardiomyopathy, underwent cardiac transplantation and received the heart of a cytomegalovirus seropositive donor. after the positive outcome of an acute moderate rejection episode which was treated with steroids, the patient developed an infectious clinical syndrome with cytomegalovirus seroconversion and virus isolation from peripheral blood leukocytes. the 5th endomyocardial biopsy showed a typical cytomegalovirus-li ... | 1989 | 2550305 |
| properties of igg subclasses to human cytomegalovirus. | the igg subclass of antiviral antibodies to human cytomegalovirus (cmv) is mainly of igg1 type. most cmv seropositive sera also have virus-specific igg3, but of a lower titre as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). we studied the reactivity pattern of these two igg subclasses to cmv structural polypeptides in order to define how virus-specific igg1 and igg3 contribute to the neutralization of cmv. neutralization of cmv was performed with cmv igg1 and igg3 separated from cmv ser ... | 1989 | 2550502 |
| human cytomegalovirus rnas immunoprecipitated by multiple systemic lupus erythematosus antisera. | the association of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) rnas with ribonucleoprotein particles that react with antibodies from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus was tested by immunoprecipitation with multiple patients' sera. a major late 2.8 kb rna and several minor rnas encoded by the hcmv long repeat region were immunoprecipitated from hcmv-infected cells by la, ro and, much less abundantly, sm autoimmune antisera. the exact location of these rnas was determined by high resolution r-loop mappi ... | 1989 | 2550574 |
| induction by sodium butyrate of cytomegalovirus replication in human endothelial cells. | cultured endothelial cells are shown to be induced in regard to permissiveness to human cytomegalovirus by temporary treatment postinfection with sodium butyrate (1-2 mm). drug-treated cells are demonstrated to exhibit expression of immediate early and early viral antigens, synthesis of viral dna and viral structural glycoprotein b. progeny virus could be visualized by electron microscopy. | 1989 | 2552958 |
| immunohistochemical detection of an immediate early antigen of human cytomegalovirus in normal tissues. | as a member of the herpesvirus family, human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) induces a life-long latent infection in most individuals infected with it. this latent infection is subject to periodic reactivations that serve as an important source of disease and death in patients with defective immunologic responses. the specific types of cells that harbor latent hcmv have not yet been identified. to detect latent hcmv and identify the host cells carrying it, tissue sections from nine hcmv-seropositive norm ... | 1989 | 2553823 |
| molecular cloning of dna sequences from cervical intraepithelial neoplasia that hybridize to human cytomegalovirus dna. | we have prepared embl3 libraries of dna extracted from the cervix of a patient with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin) and isolated seven recombinant clones containing sequences that hybridize to human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) dna. restriction analysis of one clone with bamhi and sali endonucleases revealed that the insert dna showed a high degree of homology to the hcmv ad169 genome over the region between the hindiii k/e site and the sali site located within the bamhi p fragment. the hcmv ... | 1989 | 2554581 |
| seroepidemiologic studies of cytomegalovirus and epstein-barr virus infections in relation to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in selected recipient populations. transfusion safety study group. | antibodies to human cytomegalovirus (cmv) and epstein-barr virus (ebv) were evaluated among 1,171 persons with and without antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (anti-hiv-1). these included 97 blood donors, 577 persons given blood components or products, and 497 controls. a significantly higher proportion of anti-hiv-1 positive than -negative donors were anti-cmv-positive, a finding associated with homosexual contact among some of the former. among subjects with treated clotting diso ... | 1989 | 2555471 |
| disparate effects of two herpesvirus [corrected] immediate-early gene trans-activators on the hiv-1 ltr. | the bmlf1 region of the epstein-barr virus (ebv) genome and the immediate-early (ie) region of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) both encode proteins which can trans-activate heterologous promoter/chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (cat) constructs, including a human immunodeficiency virus type-1 promoter/cat construct. we demonstrate here that this trans-activation by the ebv bmlf1 gene product, which we have previously shown to be largely post-transcriptional, is reporter gene dependent. in contras ... | 1989 | 2556854 |
| complement-independent neutralising monoclonal antibody with differential reactivity for strains of human cytomegalovirus. | a mouse monoclonal antibody with complement-independent neutralising activity against cytomegalovirus (cmv) and reactive with the 86 kilodalton (kda) viral glycoprotein h is described. neutralisation tests against a range of different strains of cmv showed significant crossreactivity, but clear differences were evident between the two prototype viruses ad169 and davis, and particularly between ad169 and several low-passage recent clinical isolates; cmv present in urine was neutralised weakly if ... | 1989 | 2557384 |
| detection of human cytomegalovirus immediate early antigen in leukocytes as a marker of viremia in immunocompromised patients. | peripheral blood polymorphonuclear (pmn) cells from 35 immunocompromised patients (22 heart transplant recipients and 13 aids patients) and four normal subjects were tested for the presence of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) immediate early antigen (iea) (antigenemia) by indirect immunofluorescence (ifa) and iea-specific monoclonal antibodies (mab). pmn samples were tested in parallel for hcmv isolation (viremia) by using mab to viral early antigens (ea) and the ifa technique 24-48 hr after inocula ... | 1989 | 2557386 |
| characteristics of mnng induced repair synthesis and dna synthesis induced by human cytomegalovirus. | dna synthesis induced by n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine in mouse embryo and human embryo cells was compared with dna synthesis induced in these cells by human cytomegalovirus. in virus infected human embryo cells grown in the medium depleted of arginine dna synthesis showed resistance to hydroxyurea and arabinofuranosylcytosine, similarly as repair synthesis induced by mnng. dna synthesis induced by the virus in mouse embryo cells was partially sensitive to both inhibitors. | 1989 | 2559565 |
| anti-herpesvirus activity of carbocyclic oxetanocin g in vitro. | a series of new compounds, carbocyclic oxetanocins, have been synthesized and their anti-herpesvirus activity determined. carbocyclic oxetanocin g (oxt-g) was most active against herpes simplex virus (hsv) and human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) among carbocyclic oxetanocins tested; the median effective concentrations (ec50) for hsv-1, -2, and hcmv were 0.23, 0.04 and 0.40 micrograms/ml, respectively. the ec50 value of carbocyclic oxt-g against hsv-2 was significantly lower than those of acyclovir, gan ... | 1989 | 2559911 |
| high levels of expression of full length human pro-alpha 2(v) collagen cdna in pro-alpha 2(v)-deficient hamster cells. | a full length cdna encoding human pro-alpha 2(v) collagen was constructed. partial sequencing of the cdna and primer extension analysis of mrna from fibroblasts found that pro-alpha 2(v) mrna differs from the mrnas of other fibrillar collagens in the increased length of its 5'-untranslated region. the pro-alpha 2(v) cdna was placed downstream of the human cytomegalovirus immediate early promoter/regulatory sequences for expression studies in cultured chinese hamster lung cells. these cells have ... | 1989 | 2584236 |
| improved retroviral vectors for gene transfer and expression. | we describe a set of murine retrovirus-based vectors that include unique cloning sites for insertion of cdnas such that the cdna can be driven by either the retroviral long terminal repeat, the immediate early promoter of human cytomegalovirus, or the simian virus 40 early promoter. the vectors carry the neomycin phosphotransferase gene expressed from an alternate promoter as a selectable marker. these vectors have been constructed to prevent viral protein synthesis from the remaining viral sequ ... | 1989 | 2631796 |
| identification of a neutralizing epitope on glycoprotein gp58 of human cytomegalovirus. | human cytomegalovirus contains an envelope glycoprotein of 58 kilodaltons (gp58). the protein, which is derived from a glycosylated precursor molecule of 160 kilodaltons via proteolytic cleavage, is capable of inducing neutralizing antibodies. we have mapped the epitopes recognized by the neutralizing monoclonal antibody 7-17 and a second antibody (27-287) which is not neutralizing. overlapping fragments of the carboxy-terminal part of the open reading frame coding for gp58 were expressed in esc ... | 1989 | 2467992 |
| a human cytomegalovirus-neutralizing monoclonal antibody recognizes a normal cell protein. | a monoclonal antibody (mab), n2, neutralized human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) infectivity in the absence of complement and recognized a normal cell protein. by immunofluorescence, mab n2 detected antigens in uninfected human cells, but not in cells of non-human origin. antigens were present at the membrane and were dispersed diffusely within the cytoplasm. mab n2 immunoprecipitated a glycoprotein with an mr of 94k from uninfected and infected cells. in infected cells only, it also recognized a prote ... | 1989 | 2471796 |
| identification of human cytomegalovirus isolates by the polymerase chain reaction. | fifty human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) isolates were recovered from different clinical specimens (buffy coat, throat washing and urine) obtained from fifty patients (23 aids patients, 20 heart transplant recipients, 1 bone marrow transplant recipient, 2 newborns with congenital hcmv infection and 4 immunocompetent individuals with acute hcmv infection). the isolates were previously identified by immunological methods and then examined for identification by the polymerase chain reaction. in parallel, ... | 1990 | 1965006 |
| reciprocal enhancement of gene expression and viral replication between human cytomegalovirus and human immunodeficiency virus type 1. | 1990 | 1965159 | |
| infection by human cytomegalovirus and rubella virus of cultured human fetal islets of langerhans. | several viruses are implicated in the pathogenesis of pancreatic beta cell destruction and the onset of insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (iddm). however, it is still controversial as to whether viral infection can exert direct cytopathic effects on beta cells. we have studied the effect of infection by human cytomegalovirus (cmv) and rubella virus on human fetal pancreatic islets in tissue culture. although morphological changes were observed in cmv-inoculated islet cells, such infec ... | 1990 | 1966523 |
| physical mapping of a temperature-sensitive mutation of human cytomegalovirus by marker rescue. | physical mapping of a temperature-sensitive (ts) mutation of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) strain ad-169 was attempted here using cloned hindiii restriction endonuclease fragments and the mutant virus. the dna-positive mutant tested (hcmv ts 1585) was successfully rescued by viral dna sequences between 0.277 and 0.303 map units. the product of this gene is apparently a structural protein of molecular weight 40,000. marker rescue could thus be used to establish the physical location of essential h ... | 1990 | 1970260 |
| inactivating and mutagenic effects of nitrosoguanide on human cytomegalovirus. | human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) was exposed for 24 hr to 10-30 micrograms/ml nitrosoguanidine (ng) at different times postinfection. ng treatments performed 24 to 48 hr after infection of human iafp-1 fibroblasts with hcmv interfered most significantly with the replication of the virus. no correlation was found, however, between the inactivating effect of ng at this particular stage of the replication cycle and the induction of hcmv temperature-sensitive mutants. all the 17 hcmv mutant strains isol ... | 1990 | 1980399 |
| evidence that hiv-1 gag precursor shares antigenic sites with the major capsid protein of human cytomegalovirus. | a rabbit antiserum prepared against disrupted sucrose-banded hiv-1 virus (strain fre-3) reacted with antigens present in nuclear inclusions, pathognomonic for human cytomegalovirus (hcmv). this cross-reactivity was observed in autopsy specimens from individuals infected with cmv, in the presence or absence of co-infection with hiv-1. a towbin immunoassay showed that the serum reacted specifically with the hcmv major capsid protein (mcp, 153 kda), both in the nuclear fraction of infected cells an ... | 1990 | 1691565 |
| long-term expression of human adenosine deaminase in mice after transplantation of bone marrow infected with amphotropic retroviral vectors. | three retroviral vectors, containing a human adenosine deaminase (ada) cdna linked to either the simian virus 40 (sv40) early promoter, the human cytomegalovirus (cmv) immediate early promoter, or the moloney murine leukemia virus (momlv) promoter, were tested for their ability to express ada following infection and transplantation of murine bone marrow. virus was produced by using pa317 amphotropic retrovirus packaging cells. the titer of each of the vectors was similar and no helper virus was ... | 1990 | 2081183 |
| human herpesvirus 6 is closely related to human cytomegalovirus. | a sequence of 21,858 base pairs from the genome of human herpesvirus 6 (hhv-6) strain u1102 is presented. the sequence has a mean composition of 41% g + c, and the observed frequency of cpg dinucleotides is close to that predicted from this mononucleotide composition. the sequence contains 17 complete open reading frames (orfs) and part of another at the 5' end of the sequence. the predicted protein products of two of these orfs have no recognizable homologs in the genomes of other sequenced hum ... | 1990 | 2152817 |
| human cytomegalovirus induces expression of cellular topoisomerase ii. | previous work from our laboratory has suggested that topoisomerase ii is required for replication of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv). in assays of confluent human embryonic lung cells infected with hcmv, topoisomerase ii inhibitors exhibited an irreversible inhibition of viral dna replication. however, northern (rna blot) and western (immunoblot) analyses of confluent uninfected human embryonic lung cells detected very low levels of cellular topoisomerase ii rna and protein. quantitation of human t ... | 1990 | 2152837 |
| isolation of a new herpesvirus from human cd4+ t cells. | a new human herpesvirus has been isolated from cd4+ t cells purified from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a healthy individual (rk), following incubation of the cells under conditions promoting t-cell activation. the virus could not be recovered from nonactivated cells. cultures of lymphocytes infected with the rk virus exhibited a cytopathic effect, and electron microscopic analyses revealed a characteristic herpesvirus structure. rk virus dna did not hybridize with large probes derived f ... | 1990 | 2153965 |
| effectiveness and cost benefit of a proposed live cytomegalovirus vaccine in the prevention of congenital disease. | congenital infection by human cytomegalovirus (cmv) is presently the leading infectious cause of mental retardation and congenital deafness in the united states. live cmv vaccines in healthy adults have been shown to be safe and to induce immune responses similar to those that occur with natural cmv infection. yet, only recently has a live cmv vaccine been tested for its protective ability. to evaluate the cost benefit and effectiveness of the proposed live cmv vaccine, we compared the following ... | 1990 | 2154028 |
| human cytomegalovirus: pathology, diagnosis, treatment. | 1990 | 2154081 | |
| reciprocal enhancement of gene expression and viral replication between human cytomegalovirus and human immunodeficiency virus type 1. | biological interactions between human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) and the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) were analysed in transfection and infection experiments, carried out in a human osteogenic sarcoma cell line (hos) and in the same cell line chronically infected with hcmv (e155). when hos and e155 cells were transfected with recombinant plasmids containing the hiv long terminal repeat (ltr) linked to the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) gene, ltr-directed cat express ... | 1990 | 2154540 |
| acyclic purine phosphonate analogues as antiviral agents. synthesis and structure-activity relationships. | a series of 9-(phosphonoalkyl)purines, which are analogues of 9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)ethyl]purines (guanine, pmeg, 1; adenine, pmea, 2), were synthesized. the analogues were tested for activity against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2), human cytomegalovirus (hcmv), rauscher murine leukemia virus (r-mulv), and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1). with variations in the length of the alkyl chain, the optimal activity was achieved with two carbons between the purine base ... | 1990 | 2157012 |
| transactivation of a human cytomegalovirus early promoter by gene products from the immediate-early gene ie2 and augmentation by ie1: mutational analysis of the viral proteins. | expression from a human cytomegalovirus early promoter (e1.7) has been shown to be activated in trans by the ie2 gene products (c.-p. chang, c. l. malone, and m. f. stinski, j. virol. 63:281-290, 1989). using wild-type and mutant viral proteins, we have defined the protein regions required for transactivation of the e1.7 promoter in ie2 and for augmentation of transactivation in the ie1 protein. two regions of the ie2 proteins were found to be essential for transactivation. one near the amino te ... | 1990 | 2157038 |
| immunoradiometric assay for cytomegalovirus-specific igg antibodies: assay development and evaluation in blood transfusion practice. | an immunoradiometric assay (radio-immunosorbent test; rist) for the detection of igg antibodies to human herpesvirus 4 [human cytomegalovirus (cmv)] has been developed. the technique utilizes cmv antigen passively adsorbed to a polyvinyl microtitration plate and a radiolabelled murine monoclonal anti-human igg antibody to detect binding of human antibody to the 'solid phase' reagent. the assay was optimized, and its specificity confirmed by testing paired acute and convalescent sera from patient ... | 1990 | 2157732 |
| (+-)-(1 alpha,2 beta,3 alpha)-9-[2,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-cyclobutyl] guanine [(+-)-bhcg or sq 33,054]: a potent and selective inhibitor of herpesviruses. | (+-)-(1 alpha,2 beta,3 alpha)-9-[2,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclobutyl] guanine [(+-)-bhcg or sq 33,054] is a newly synthesized nucleoside analog with potent and selective antiviral activity against members of the herpesvirus group, including human cytomegalovirus. the activity against a thymidine kinase deficient hsv-2 mutant was 25-fold poorer than against the parent virus, suggesting that phosphorylation is an important prerequisite for antiviral activity against hsv-2. (+-)-bhcg is readily phosph ... | 1990 | 2159261 |
| sequence requirements for proteolytic processing of glycoprotein b of human cytomegalovirus strain towne. | truncated versions of the human cytomegalovirus (cmv) strain towne glycoprotein b (gb) gene were stably expressed in cho cell lines. the calcium-specific ionophore a23187 inhibited proteolytic cleavage of c-terminal-truncated gb expressed by cell line 67.77. these inhibition studies also showed that the 93-kilodalton cleavage product most likely represents the n-terminal cleavage fragment of gb. the ionophore carboxyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl-hydrazone was used to show that proteolytic cleavage of ... | 1990 | 2159553 |
| cytomegalovirus activates transcription directed by the long terminal repeat of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. | proteins encoded by a variety of dna viruses activate gene expression from the promoter within the long terminal repeat (ltr) of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1). the mechanism by which immediate-early (ie) gene products of human cytomegalovirus (cmv) activate expression from the hiv-1 ltr was examined in transient expression assays in cultures of human cells by using plasmids containing the ltr linked to the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) gene and a plasmid exp ... | 1990 | 2159554 |
| human cytomegalovirus phosphoproteins and glycoproteins and their coding regions. | 1990 | 2161320 | |
| immune response to human cytomegalovirus infection. | 1990 | 2161322 |