Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| effects of divalent cations on binding of aminoglycoside antibiotics to human serum proteins and to bacteria. | binding of gentamicin and related deoxystreptamine-containing aminoglycoside antibiotics to proteins in human serum can vary significantly with changes in experimental conditions. the concentrations of divalent cations are important variables, and binding increases progressively as the concentrations of calcium and magnesium decrease. maximal binding of deoxystreptamine-containing aminoglycosides to human serum is approximately 70% in the absence of divalent cations. the binding of (3)h-labeled ... | 1975 | 1137375 |
| complete absence of the third component of complement in man. | a 4-yr-old female patient who has recurrent infections with encapsulated bacteria and gramnegative organisms was found to have a complete absence of total hemolytic complement and c3. total hemolytic complement was reconstituted by the addition of functionally pure c3. with the exception of a moderately reduced homolytic c4, all other c components, measured homolytically and by radial immunodiffusion, were present in normal amounts. by ouchterlong analysis, the patient's serum contained c3b inac ... | 1975 | 1159084 |
| effects of external osmolality on polyamine metabolism in hela cells. | the polyamine content of escherichia coli is inversely related to the osmolality of the growth medium. the experiments described here demonstrate that a similar phenomenon occurs in mammalian cells. when grown in media of low nacl concentration, hela cells and human fibroblasts were found to contain high levels of putrescine, spermidine, and spermine. the putrescine content of hela cells was a function of the osmolality of the medium, as shown by growing cells in media containing mannitol or add ... | 1975 | 1201280 |
| pt(cn)2-4 and au(cn)-2: potential general probes for anion-binding sites of proteins. 35cl and 81br nuclear-magnetic-resonance studies. | nuclear magnetic quadrupole relaxation appears to be a general method for studying the binding of anions to proteins. this is shown by the increase in transverse quadrupole relaxation rate of 35cl- and 81br- in the presence of horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase, lysozyme, trypsin, alpha-chymotrypsin, human carbonic anhydrase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase and human serum albumin. of the many possible binding sites at the surface of a protein (e.g. positively charged amino acid side-chains) o ... | 1975 | 1204623 |
| prevention of lethal pseudomonas bacteremia with epimerase-deficient e. coli antiserum. | all of these experiments demonstrate that despite many microbiologic differences between pseudomonas and the enteric rods, there is a close immunologic relationship between their endotoxin cores. these studies also show that by genetic manipulation we can unmask a protective antigen for preparing antiserum with a broad range of activity, even in the face of neutropenia. production of potent human j5 antiserum is a safe, simple procedure, making it possible to consider endotoxin core antibody tre ... | 1975 | 772922 |
| degradation of n-nitrosamines by intestinal bacteria. | a major proportion of bacterial types, common in the gastrointestinal tract of many animals and man, were active in degrading diphenylnitrosamine and dimethylnitrosamine, the former being degraded more rapidly than the latter. at low nitrosamine concentrations (is less than 0.05 micronmol/ml), approximately 55% of added diphenylnitrosamine, 30% of n-nitrosopyrrolidine, and 4% of dimethylnitrosamine were degraded. the route of nitrosamine metabolism by bacteria appears to be different from that p ... | 1975 | 803287 |
| the effect of leukocyte hydrolases on bacteria. iii. bacteriolysis induced by extracts of different leukocyte populations and the inhibition of lysis by macromolecular substances. | the lysis of 14c-labeled bacteria by hydrolases of human and rabbit leukocytes was studied in vitro. while staphylococcus albus, streptococcus faecalis, and streptococcus mutans were highly susceptible to lysis, staphylococcus auresus was intermediate in its susecptibility to lysis by the leukocyte enzymes. group a streptococcus, listeria monocytogenes, shigella flexneri, escherichia coli, and mycobacterium smegmatis were very resistant to degradation by these enzymes. the lytic activity of leuk ... | 1975 | 804017 |
| antibacterial activity of human cervical mucus. | the antimicrobial property of human uterine cervical mucus was tested in three groups of women. healthy women, using no contraception, women using an intrauterine device and women receiving hormonal treatment for contraception. cervical mucus was taken on the 10th, 14th, 18th and 22nd day of the menstrual cycle. cervical mucus had a strong inhibitory effect on the growth of micrococcus lysodeicticus in all three groups. the strength of the inhibitory effect on the other microorganisms were in t ... | 1975 | 809320 |
| excision-repair of 4-nitroquinolin-1-oxide damage responsible for killing, mutation, and cancer. | excision-repair of dna base damage produced by 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4nqo) was compared in escherichia coli, human cells, and mouse cells. paper chromotography of acid hydrolysates of dna extracted from cells treated with 3h-labeled 4nqo revealed four peaks; two kinds of 4nqo-guanine adduct, one kind of 4nqo-adenine adduct, and free 4-aminoquinoline-1-oxide (4aqo). about 80% of the initially formed 4nqo-purine adducts were excised from dna in e. coli uvra+ cells during 60 min postincubation, ... | 1975 | 811213 |
| passive oral immunization with bovine immunoglobulins: enterpathogenic escherichia coli from infants and bovine anti-e. coli lactoserum assayed in the rabbit ileal loop model. | the effect of immune bovine lactoserum (bls) antipolyvalent enteropathogenic escherichia coli on bacterial growth, viability and bacteria-induced fluid accumulation was examined in rabbit ileal loops. human enteropathogenic e. coli strains 0125:k70 (b15), 0111:k58 (b4) and 055:k59 (b5) (1-3 x 10(9) per inoculum) induced secretion of 4-6 ml fluid per 10 cm loop. this effect was inhibited effectively by bls (corresponding to 50 mg igg 1 per loop) while the viability of bacteria counts decreased 2- ... | 1975 | 765710 |
| location on the chromosome of escherichia coli of genes governing purine metabolism. adenosine deaminase (add), guanosine kinase (gsk) and hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (hpt). | genes coding for enzymes functioning in purine salvage pathways have been located on the chromosome of escherichia coli. the gene add encoding adenosine deaminase was located by transduction at 31 min, the gene order was established to be man-uida-add-arod. a deletion covering man-uida-add was obtained. the gene gsk encoding guanosine kinase was cotransducible with pure and shown to be located at 13 min. the gene hpt encoding hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase was cotransducible with tona in ... | 1975 | 765747 |
| theobromine and theophylline. | theobromine and theophylline have a limited therapeutic use and in addition they occur in plants used in the preparation of a number of widely consumed drinks. thus most of the population must be exposed to both compounds. chromosome abnormalities are caused by both theobromine and theophylline in plant cells and in mammalian cells in culture, and both have anti-mitotic activity. while they are fairly potent mutagens in escherichia coli and other lower organisms the rather scanty available evide ... | 1975 | 765793 |
| the pathogenesis of reflux nephropathy (chronic atrophic pyelonephritis). | the relationship between vesico-ureteric reflux and coarse renal scarring (atrophic pyelonephritis) has been studied in swine. scars were observed to develop where reflux took place into the kidney substance via the renal papillae (intrarenal reflux). they were confined to these regions and were similar in size, distribution and other features peculiar to those found in the human from early childhood onwards. intrarenal reflux was found to be related to the pressure within the urinary tract as ... | 1975 | 766885 |
| distribution of r plasmids among the q-antigen types of escherichia coli isolated from various clinical sources. | a total of 655 escherichia coli strains from various clinical sources were o-antigen typed, and the serological properties were correlated with r-plasmid carriage. of the 655 strains, 224 were resistant to one or more antibiotics and 148 of these carried r plasmids. the distribution of o-antigen types among the susceptible strains was similar to that reported previously by others in england. the o-antigen types among the r(+) strains showed some similarities to those found in susceptible strains ... | 1976 | 769666 |
| spread of antibiotic-resistant plasmids from chicken to chicken and from chicken to man. | 1976 | 772441 | |
| stimulation of the release of a b cell-activating factor from human monocytes. | 1976 | 764976 | |
| [yersinioses]. | the principal clinical syndromes caused by yersinia (y. pseudotuberculosis and y. enterocolitica) are described. it is likely that they are zoonoses transmitted to man by ingestion. fever, abdominal pain and diarrhea are the commonest symptoms, and patients are often operated upon for suspected appendicitis. the symptoms associated with these infections include arthralgia and erythema nodosum, particularly in adults. most cases are benign, but some may be severe. fortunately, however, many antib ... | 1976 | 766181 |
| diagnostic parameters in experimental renal infection. | urinary tract infections are commonly encountered in medical practice but their laboratory diagnosis presents many difficulties. in this study we have used experimental models to assess the value of serum antibody, urinary antibody, rheumatoid factor, and the histochemical examination of renal tissue as diagnostic parameters. under the conditions of the experiment the analyses did provide useful diagnostic information and may prove to be of value in the management of urinary tract infection in m ... | 1976 | 766779 |
| bactericidal properties of human cell-free lymph. | the bactericidal properties of human cell-free lymph have been investigated. gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria are susceptible to the killing action of lymph fluid. the colony-forming ability of escherichia coli and bacillus subtilis was reduced by 3 logs after 20 min of incubation with 10% (vol/vol) lymph. salmonella and listeria were less susceptible to killing. the presence of multiple killing factors in lymph showing different specificities for different bacterial cells was demonstrat ... | 1976 | 818015 |
| selective activation of classical and alternative pathways of human complement by "promptly serum-sensitive" and "delayed serum-sensitive" strains of serratia marcescens. | chelation of fresh human serum with 0.01 m mgcl2 (mg) plus 0.01 m ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid failed to abrogate the bactericidal activity against "delayed serum-sensitive" strains of serratia marcescens, whereas previously "promptly serum-sensitive" strains of s. marcescens and control strain escherichia coli c were killed after an extended period of incubation. the addition of 0.01 m ethylenediametetracetate to fresh human serum neutralized bactericidal activity against s. marcescens of e ... | 1976 | 818023 |
| [studies on the distribution of thienylcarbenicillin in the human tissue]. | thienylcarbenicillin is another semisynthetic penicillin with a wide range of antibacterial activity including most of gram-negative bacterias, even such as pseudomonas aeruginosa. to investigate penetration activities into bone and another tissues, 120 specimens of serum and 120 specimens of tissue were obtained from 20 patients, after i.v. injection of a single doses of 150 mg thienylcarbenicillin per kg body weight. the evaluation of concentration showed that thienylcarbenicillin was eliminat ... | 1976 | 821729 |
| standardization of escherichia coli oral vaccines. | the proof of the efficacy of a vaccine can be rendered only by field trials. nevertheless, a number of in vitro and in vivo tests has to be employed before large-scale testing can be carried out. this particularly holds true about vaccines used to prevent intestinal infections, which were the center of our interest. seven strains, four of them causing diarrhea in man, and three in animals, have been investigated as potential oral immunizing agents. the strains were made apathogenic by heating, ... | 1976 | 821801 |
| microorganisms responsible for controlling the populations of escherichia coli and enterococcus and the consistency of cecal contents in the chicken. | a study was made to clarify what kinds of intestinal organisms might be responsible for controlling the populations of escherichia coli and streptococcus faecalis var. liquefaciens in the cecum and the consistency of the cecal of chickens. germ-free chickens were inoculated orally with various mixtures of bacterial cultures alone or in combination, different dilutions of the cecal contents of chickens, different dilutions of the cecal contents treated by healing or with chloroform, the supernata ... | 1976 | 823354 |
| [the protective effect of human milk against infections and its potential causes (author's transl)]. | the protective effect of breast feeding against infections is well proved by the experiences in underdeveloped countries and in industrial countries as well as shown by numerous investigations in several populations of different social structure. various factors are meant to be responsible for this special property of human milk, the importance of which is to be discussed. the lysozyme and the lactoferrin are two different antibacterial factors well known since a long time, the former of which i ... | 1976 | 824495 |
| aquatic indicator bacteria in the high alpine zone. | selected waters from the high alpine zone within grand teton national park, wyoming, were analyzed for populations of indicator bacteria during the past three summers to determine the influence of various factors on the quality of these waters. in general the water quality was not significantly influenced by the presence or absence of human visitors but rather by the nature of the biological community through which the streams flowed. a minority of the coliforms that were recovered from all of t ... | 1976 | 826218 |
| [study on the antibacterial activity of penicillins and cephalosporines in urine (author's transl)]. | minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) for penicillin (pen), ampicillin (amp), cephalothin (cef), cefazolin (cez), carbenicillin (car) and ticarcillin (tic) were determined against strep. faecalis, e. coli, k. pneumoniae, prot. mirabilis and ps. aeruginosa in sensitivity test broth (stb) and human urine. marked differences were seen in mic between these two media, especially against p. mirabilis strains tested. against e. coli the mic of amp, cef and cez were similar or slightly lower in urine ... | 1976 | 826261 |
| [elimination from the digestive tract of a "gnotoxenic" child of a "lactobacillus casei" strain, isolated from a commercial preparation: antagonistic effect of an "escherichia coli" strain of human origin, demonstrated in "gnotoxenic" mice (author's transl)]. | a strain of lactobacillus casei from a pharmaceutical preparation became established in the digestive tract of an axenic child. it was eliminated by the first bacteria occurring after inoculation of the child's digestive tract with a human flora, before the child was taken out of the isolator. using "gnotoxenic" mice, we found that the elimination of l. casei was due to a bactericidal effect of the escherichia coli of human origin, within the digestive tract. | 1976 | 828463 |
| meatal recolonization in bitches. | colonization of the urethrovaginal area precedes urinary tract infection in women. among the potential factors limiting colonization by fecal pathogens is bacterial interference, the ability of established commensals to inhibit colonization by pathogenic bacteria. since the microcontour of the canine distal urethra possesses microvilli like those in the vagina rather than the microplicae found at higher levels and also has similarities in cellular glycogen content the meatal area would be expect ... | 1976 | 829557 |
| serum chemotactic inhibitory activity: heat activation of chemotactic inhibition. | serum chemotactic inhibitory activity (cia) was studied in 46 patients with various systemic diseases, using a system consisting of normal human leukocytes as indicator cells and 10% fresh normal serum as a control chemotactic attractant. it was shown, as previously reported, that an association exists between cia and skin test anergy. heat treatment of sera at 56 c for 30 min increased both the incidence and the degree of chemotactic inhibition observed in these patients. the effects of heat tr ... | 1976 | 773824 |
| enzyme-linked immunoassay: conjugation of the fab' fragment of rabbit igg with beta-d-galactosidase from e. coli and its use for immunoassay. | 1. a method for the conjugation of the fab' fragment of rabbit igg with beta-d-galactosidase from escherichia coli is described. the method consists of two main steps: treatment of the fab' fragments containing sulfhydryl groups with excess n,n'-o-phenylenedimaleimide, to introduce maleimide residues into the fragments, and then incubation of the dimaleimide-treated fab' fragments with beta-d-galactosidase, which also contains sulfhydryl groups, to form the rabbit fab'-beta-d-galactosidase compl ... | 1976 | 774986 |
| [occurrence and distribution of drug resistant enterobacteria in extra enteral habitats (author's transl)]. | in the period 1971-73 various extra enteral habitats have been examined for the occurrence of resistant e. coli. of 172 isolates of e. coli from retail butcher's meat products 9.9% were resistant and 3.5% r+ e. coli. of 203 isolates of e. coli from bakery products 7.9% were resistant and 3.5% r+ e. coli. of 52 isolates of e. coli from freshly killed carcases of chickens 40.4% contained weak non-transferable monoresistance against sulphonamides (table i). of 92 isolates of e. coli from seawater r ... | 1976 | 775430 |
| r factor-mediated polarized chromosomal transfer in escherichia coli c. | five transferable drug resistance factors (r factors) with the ability to bring about chromosomal transfer in escherichia coli c were investigated with respect to the direction and origin of chromosome transfer. they were found to constitute two groups, both with a clockwise direction of transfer. one group has its origin of transfer between arg and pro, and the other group has its origin of transfer between try and man on the e. coli c chromosome. with one r factor in particular, the rapid incr ... | 1976 | 776935 |
| tryptophanyl transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase of escherichia coli. character of required thiol group and structure of thiol peptides. | native tryptophanyl-trna synthetase purified from escherichia coli b has on each identical subunit a single thiol group which rapidly forms a mixed disulfide with a thionitrobenzoate moiety of 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid). the reaction and the concomitant inactivation of the enzyme are both reversible by reductive removal of the thionitrobenzoate with dithiothreitol. iodoacetamide and n-ethylmaleimide also react with the thiol group required for enzyme activity, but iodoacetic acid inacti ... | 1976 | 776964 |
| escherichia coli o antibody content in milk from healthy swedish mothers and mothers from a very low socio-economic group of a developing country. | the antibody content of milk from healthy swedish mothers was compared with that of milk from mothers of a very low socio-economic group in a developing country. antibodies of various immunoglobulin classes against e. coli o antigens were determined with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the milk antibodies which mainly belonged to the secretory iga class appeared in similar concentrations in milk from the two groups using e. coli antigens of swedish as well as pakistani origin. the ... | 1976 | 779397 |
| [cytopathogenic action of e. coli strains, containing corresponding abo type heterogeneous antigens, on transplantable human cells]. | a study was made (in vitro) of the interaction of various strains of e. coli, serological type o26 with continuous human cells (hela, tg-33 and rh). phenomenon of the cytopathogenic action of uropathogenic e. coli strains, containing heterogenous antigens, type o(h) and b, on the human cell strains possessing corresponding isoantigens was revealed on the 6th hour of the interaction. the number of dead cells in these cultures exceeded (1.5--3 times) their count cultures to which e. coli containin ... | 1976 | 779867 |
| the distribution of o-antigen types of escherichia coli in normal calves, compared with man, and their r plasmid carriage. | 1976 | 780334 | |
| the inhibitory effect of chemotactic factors on erythrophagocytosis by human neutrophils. | the effect of various chemotactic factors on phagocytosis of sheep erythrocytes sensitized with igg and complement (eac1423) by human neutrophils (pmn) was studied. the bacterial chemotactic factor, a butanol extract of an escherichia coli culture filtrate, the pronase sensitive and insensitive chemotactic substances isolated from this extract, c5a, a chemotactic fragment of the fifth component of complement, and a chemotactic synthetic peptide, formlymethionyl-leucine all significantly reduced ... | 1976 | 781130 |
| strain differences in the immunogenicity of aggregated human igg and the adjuvant action of lipopolysaccharide on the low-responder strain of mice. | strain differences in the antibody response to human igg (hgg) were observed when aggregated hgg was injected intravenously. lipopolysaccharide (lps) administered subsequently markedly enhanced the antibody response to hgg in low responder c57bl/6 mice as compared with that in high responder ddd, c3h/he or (c57bl/6 x ddd)f1 mice. aggregate-free preparation of hgg at a dose of 0.5 mg induced immunological tolerance in all strains of mice tested. lps injected subsequently converted tolerogenic, ag ... | 1976 | 781351 |
| bacterial growth inhibition by amniotic fluid. v. phosphate-to-zinc ratio as a predictor of bacterial growth-inhibitory activity. | human amniotic fluid has been shown to contain an inorganic bacterial growth-inhibitory component, zinc. the average zinc concentration in amniotic fluid was 0.44 mug per milliliter. the phosphate concentration of amniotic fluid appears to determine the expression of zinc inhibitory activity. the average phosphate concentration was 92 mug per milliliter. for 22 fluid samples tested, a phosphate-to-zinc ratio of 100 or less predicted a bactericidal fluid. a ratio between 100 and 200 predicted a b ... | 1976 | 782248 |
| prevention of wound infections. a case for closed suction drainage to remove wound fluids deficient in opsonic proteins. | fluids collecting in surgical wounds in both dogs and man have been shown to lose progressively the ability to opsonize bacteria for phagocytosis and killing of bacteria by normal neutrophils. since the collection of fluids in potentially contaminated wounds also interferes with access of phagocytic cells to contaminating bacteria and provides a pablum for growth, their removal seems to be indicated to minimize the risk of infection. this can be accomplished easily and safely with the use of clo ... | 1976 | 782267 |
| pharmacokinetics of a new skin wound cleanser. | iodophors are effective germicidal agents that have prolonged antiseptic activity in contaminated wounds. a nontoxic surfactant, pluronic f-68, has been used to formulate a safe and effective iodophor. the parameters necessary to regulate the activity of the iodophor were studied to develop a potent, yet safe bactericidal solution for use in human subjects. the parameters found to be most important were the ph of the solution and the concentration of sodium iodide. lowering the ph of iodophors i ... | 1976 | 782268 |
| synthesis of dnas complementary to human ribosomal rnas polyadenylated in vitro. | conditions are described under which poly(a) polymerase from escherichia coli ribosomes will catalyse the addition of amp residues onto the 3'-ends of human 18 s and 28 s ribosomal rnas at an average rate of 40 amp residues per 1000 nucleotides in 20 min. single-stranded complementary dnas (cdnas) can then be transcribed from the polyadenylated rnas with rna-directed dna polymerase from avian myeloblastosis virus. all of the sequences in the rnas are represented in the cdnas; measurements of the ... | 1976 | 782537 |
| antigenicity testing of inactivated oral enteric bacterial vaccines for human use. | this study deals with the laboratory testing of the antigenicity of inactivated oral enteric bacterial vaccines for human use, viz. typhoid, dysentery, escherichia coli and cholera vaccines. for the assays the following methods are applied : 1) various types of active mouse protection tests 2) serum and coproantibody determinations in immunized persons and experimental animals, 3) protective ability of the immune sera in mice and embryonated eggs, 4) hemolytic and bacteriolytic plaque assays. it ... | 1976 | 782974 |
| infantile diarrhea produced by heat-stable enterotoxigenic escherichia coli. | between december, 1974, and august 1975, intestinal illness occurred in 55 of 205 infants admitted to the special-care nurseries of a large children's hospital. escherichia coli serotype 078:k80:h12, which produced a heat-stable enterotoxin, was isolated from 18 of 25 symptomatic infants as compared with 14 of 55 asymptomatic infants (p less than 0.001). colistin administered prophylactically to 24 culture-negative asymptomatic infants did not prevent colonization in 10, whereas colonization did ... | 1976 | 785259 |
| the role of lysosomal elastase in the digestion of escherichia coli proteins by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes: experiments with living leukocytes. | human polymorphonuclear leukocyte (pmn) elastase has been implicated in various pathological conditions. however, its physiological role remains undefined. one possible function of this enzyme may be digestion of bacterial proteins after phagocytosis. to test this hypothesis, we prepared escherichia coli labeled with [3h]arginine and treated these bacteria with a lipid-soluble, active-site-directed chloromethyl ketone inactivator of pancreatic and granulocyte elastases (carbobenzoxy-l-glycyl-l-l ... | 1976 | 787011 |
| isolation of a low-molecular-weight antibacterial system from human amniotic fluid. | a low-molecular-weight antibacterial system has been isolated from human amniotic fluid. the bacterial inhibitor requires the metal cation zinc and a peptide with a molecular weight of 630. the peptide component was purified using ultrafiltration, gel filtration, and ion-exchange chromatography. it can be inactivated by digestion with carboxypeptidase. the amino acid composition of the peptide is: 3 glutamine-glutamic acid, 2 glycine, and 1 lysine. removal of zinc from the peptide has been shown ... | 1976 | 789241 |
| interactions of adenosine diphosphate-ribosylated elongation factor 2 with ribosomes. | the binding of adenosine diphosphate-ribosylated elongation factor 2 (adprib-ef-2) to ribosomes was inhibited both in the presence and absence of gtp in proportion to the amounts of unmodified ef-2 added. concomitant with this inhibition, an increase in the activity of ribosome-bound ef-2 in polyphenylalanine synthesis was observed. on the other hand, the addition of adprib-ef-2 reduced the rate of poly(phe) synthesis observed in the presence of a saturating amount of ef-2 and increased the amou ... | 1976 | 789367 |
| neutralizing antibodies against escherichia coli and vibrio cholerae enterotoxins in human milk from a developing country. | by means of the adrenal cell assay and the rabbit small-bowel loop technique enterotoxin-neutralizing antibodies were demonstrated in all investigated milk samples from severely undernourished pakistani women but, with a single exception, not in milk from swedish mothers. the antibodies belonged to the iga and igg classes as observed in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, which also revealed secretory component on specific enterotoxin antibodies, showing that the iga antibodies were primarily ... | 1976 | 790543 |
| [effect of cholera vibrio and escherichia coli enterotoxins on human thrombocyte aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate]. | 1976 | 790824 | |
| separation of transfer ribonucleic acids on polystyrene anion exchangers. | the transfer rna separation by chromatography on strong-base polystyrene exchange materials is examined and compared with the widely used reversed-phase chromatography. results indicate important differences in some transfer rna (trna) elution patterns by the anion-exchange chromatography, as compared with the reversed-phase chromatography. transfer rnas containing hydrophobic groups are adsorbed more strongly. the anion exchanger has twice the number of theoretical plates. single peaks of trna2 ... | 1976 | 791362 |
| reduction in c3 conversion in patients with severe thermal injury. | serum opsonic activity for e. coli 075, concentration of native c3 and c3 conversion by inulin were determined in the sera of five patients with burns involving 45% to 80% total body surface during 3 weeks postburn. in all patients, opsonic activity, c3 concentration, and c3 conversion were reduced during the first week following the injury. c3 was restored to normal or elevated levels by the end of the first week postburn and remained normal or elevated thereafter for the duration of the study. ... | 1976 | 792466 |
| the effect oa a new anti-inflammatory drug, flurbiprofen, on the respiratory, haemodynamic and metabolic responses to e. coli endotoxin shock in the cat. | 1 the intravenous administration of e. coli endotoxin (2.0 mg/kg) in cats anaesthetized with sodium pentobarbitone resulted in immediate pulmonary hypertension and reductions in lung compliance and systemic arterial po2. these effects were abolished, or greatly reduced, by the prior intravenous administration of flurbiprofen in doses (100 and 250 mug/kg and 1.0 mg/kg) which were devoid of cardiovascular or metabolic effects. flurbiprofen is thus the most active antipyretic-analgesic drug so far ... | 1976 | 793668 |
| immunochemical investigations on lipopolysaccharides and acidic polysaccharides from serum-sensitive and serum-resistant strains of escherichia coli isolated from urinary-tract infections. | factors that may determine the variable resistance of urinary strains of escherichia coli to the bactericidal activity of normal human serum have been analysed. no statistically significant difference was found in the amount of lipopolysaccharide (lps) that could be extracted from serum-sensitive and serum-resistant strains by either the phenol-water or warm-saline techniques. the ratio of lps o-side-chain sugars to core sugars was not found to be significantly greater in serum-resistant than in ... | 1976 | 794476 |
| esch. coli infections in childhood. significance of bacterial virulence and immune defence. | the esch. coli harboured in the gut constitute a reservoir of potential pathogens in the infant and child. the conditions required for these intestinal inhabitants to cause infection are not well understood. the presence of virulence factors such as capsular antigens, especially k1, may be of significance for the ability of esch. coli to cause neonatal meningitis. the capacity of certain esch. coli to attach to epithelial cells of mucous membranes may be important for their infective powers in t ... | 1976 | 795381 |
| the use of agarose gels for the assay of the deoxyribonuclease activity associated with the soluble penton of adenoviruses. | evidence is presented that the excess pool of penton complexes purified from adenovirus type 1-infected hep-2 cells also carry an endonucleolytic activity. the effect was measured with both e. coli and adenovirus type 1 double-stranded dna substrates. the use of agarose gels for assaying the endonuclease activity allowed the approximative calculation of the number of penton molecules which might produce one dna double-strand break under the experimental conditions selected. | 1976 | 797350 |
| leukocyte inhibiting factor (lif) production from human lymphocytes stimulated by bacterial lipopolysaccharides. | leukocyte inhibiting factor (lif) release from lymphocytes cultures stimulated by bacterial lipopolysaccharides (lps) has been investigated. human lymphocytes cultured in the presence of e, coli or s. enteritidis lps were able to release in the supernatants a substance with the following properties: a) same elution pattern of bovine serum albumin (mw 69000) when filtered on sephadex g-100; b) it migrates on disc electrophoresis a an albumin; c) not dialyzable; d) not cytotoxic; e) inhibition of ... | 1976 | 798596 |
| [leukocyte inhibiting factor (lif) production by human lymphocytes stimulated by bacterial lipopolysaccharides]. | 1976 | 798599 | |
| bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity of two trimethoprim-sulfonamide combinations. | sulfamoxole (sdmo) has the same half-life of elimination from human plasma as sulfamethoxazole. its antibacterial properties, however, are often inferior to those of co-trimoxazole. its less pronounced antibacterial effect, especially against gram-negative pathogens, also becomes evident in the combination with trimethoprim (tm). the inhibition zones are often smaller around discs containing the same amount of the components sdmo/tm as those with co-trimoxazole and the inhibitory concentrations ... | 1976 | 1269292 |
| turnover at nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide in cultures of human cells. | the rate of turnover of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (nad) in the human cell line, d98/ah2, has been estimated by measuring the rates of entry into and exit from nad molecules of 14c-adenine. in one set of experiments, cells were labeled by growth in medium containing 14c-adenine for six hours and then shifted to medium without labeled adenine. the loss of 14c-adenine from the adenine nucleotide and pyridine nucleotide pools was measured, and the data were analyzed using an analytical treat ... | 1976 | 178671 |
| analysis of cytomegalovirus genomes with restriction endonucleases hin d iii and ecor-1. | cleavage of genomes of eleven human, one simian, and one simian-related cytomegalovirus (cmv) isolate by the restriction endonucleases hind iii and ecor-1 generated reproducible dna fragments. the size range of cmv dna fragments as estimated by contour length measurements in comparison with simian virus 40 form ii dna and by coelectrophoresis with ecor-1 fragments of herpes simplex virus dna varied between 15 x 10(6) and 0.5 x 10(6) daltons. comparison of the cleavage products of each isolate in ... | 1976 | 178916 |
| transfer of trnas to somatic cells mediated by sendai-virus-induced fusion. | trnas from yeast (trnaphe and 4s rna) and escherichia coli (suiii+ trnaityr) have been transferred to mouse cells by means of a two-step transfer procedure [loyter, zakai, and kulka (1975) j. cell biol. 66, 292-304; schlegel and rechsteiner (1975) cell 5, 371-379]. in the first stage of the transfer trnas were incorporated into rabbit red blood cells (rbcs). thereafter, the loaded erythrocytes were fused with recipient mouse cells by means of sendai virus. at least 0.3-0.4% of the total input of ... | 1976 | 183211 |
| biological values of the infant, juvenile, and adult agouti (dasyprocta sp) with emphasis on microbial flora. | normal values for intestinal flora were determined on four adult, two juvenile, and four infant agoutis (dasyprocta sp) maintained at our institution. serologic, hematologic, biochemical, and histologic observations were also made on these same agoutis, and serologic, microbiologic, and endoparasitic tests were made on serum and fecal samples from agoutis maintained at other institutions. streptococci, lactobacilli and nonenteropathogenic escherichia coli were isolated from cecal contents of all ... | 1976 | 185456 |
| an epidemic of diarrhoea in human neonates involving a reovirus-like agent and 'enteropathogenic' serotypes of escherichia coli. | during december 1974, an epidemic of diarrhoea occurred in the royal children's hospital, melbourne, in a ward caring for neonates with acute or chronic medical and surgical problems. electron microscopy of diarrhoeal faeces revealed a reovirus-like particle ('duovirus' or 'rotavirus') known to cause acute enteritis in older children. this virus is considered to have been primarily involved in the aetiology of the epidemic. in addition, three 'enteropathogenic' serotypes of escherichia coli were ... | 1976 | 175099 |
| a spin-label study of biological membranes with special emphasis on calcium-induced lateral phase separation. | 1976 | 176878 | |
| interferon-producing capacity of germfree mice. | the general capacity of germfree mouse spleen cells to produce interferon in vitro in response to various stimuli was investigated. the interferon response of germfree mouse spleen cells in vitro, when compared with that of the conventionals, appears to be lower to some inducers. interferon production in vitro stimulated by hemagglutinating virus of japan (hvj) or bhk-hvj cells (bhk cells persistently infected with hvj) was apparently suppressed in germfree mouse spleen cells as compared with th ... | 1976 | 177363 |
| modulation of regulatory mechanisms operative in the cyclical production of antibody. | modulation of the cyclical response in rabbits to aggregated human gamma globulin (ahuigg) was investigated in order to study some of the parameters involved in self-regulation of the immune response. several mitogens (lipopolysaccharide [lps], phytohemagglutinin [pha], and concanavalin a [con a]), when injected simultaneously with antigen, have been shown to modulate the normal splenic plaque-forming cell (pfc) response in rabbits to a single intravenous injection of ahuigg. this response to ah ... | 1976 | 55457 |
| bacterial synthesis of substance similar to human chorionic gonadotrophin. | 1976 | 59931 | |
| [protective properties of igm in experiments on animals]. | on a model of intraperitoneal infection of albino mice the authors demonstrated a protective action of the fraction enriched with igm and of gamma-globulin isolated from the normal human blood serum, against e. coli o111. the intensity of the protective action depended on the method, duration of administration of the preparation and also on the infective dose. protective properties of the fraction enriched with igm were more pronounced in comparison with the gamma-globulin preparation. | 1976 | 60856 |
| host resistance to lipopolysaccharides in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. | host resistance against bacterial lipopolysaccharides (l.p.s.) and especially against its toxic part lipid a has earlier been demonstrated in biological assays. in this paper an aryl-esterase is shown to be associated with alfa-1-lipoprotein (are) and is probably responsible for the detoxification of l.p.s. in man. furthermore c3 is shown to be activitated by l.p.s. from these facts it is suggested that are performs the initial degradation of l.p.s. followed by complement activation and trapping ... | 1976 | 73807 |
| microbicidal mechanisms of human granulocytes: synergistic effects of granulocyte elastase and myeloperoxidase or chymotrypsin-like cationic protein. | the antibacterial activity of a myeloperoxidase (mpo)-glucose oxidase system was found to be greatly increased by granulocyte elastase, present in azurophil granules of human neutrophils. the mpo-h2o3-mediated killing of both escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus was potentiated by granuocyte elastase at an acid ph, whereas at ph 7.4 only killing of e. coli was potentiated. the potentiating effect of elastase was not dependent on the enzymatic properties of the protein since it was not abol ... | 1976 | 12111 |
| formation of mutagenic n-nitroso compounds from the pesticides prometryne, dodine and carbaryl in the presence of nitrite at ph 1. | environmental chemicals including pesticides carrying secondary and tertiary amino groups are suggested to be a health hazard to man since potentially carcinogenic nitroso compounds may be formed in the presence of nitrite at low ph values resembling conditions in the human stomach. nitrosation of the isopropylamino-triazine prometryne, the n-dodecyl guanidine dodine and the n-methylcarbamate carbaryl was investigated in the presence of hcl and acetic acid at ph 1 and excess sodium nitrite for 4 ... | 1976 | 12468 |
| do highly oncogenic group a human adenoviruses cause human cancer? analysis of human tumors for adenovirus 12 transforming dna sequences. | adenovirus 12 (ad12) (huie) (highly oncogenic group a) readily induces tumors in newborn rodents. since ad12 is isolated from human fecal samples, we investigated whether it plays a role in the etiology of human gastrointestinal cancer. if ad12 is a causal agent of human cancer, then human tumors should contain ad12 transforming genes, as indicated by studies of cells transformed in vitro and in vivo by oncogenic viruses. ad12 dna and the ad12 transforming restriction fragment (ecori-c fragment, ... | 1976 | 1070016 |
| determinants of lung bacterial clearance in mice after acute hypoxia. | net lung bacterial clearance in normal mice is determined by the balance of in vivo bacterial multiplication on the one hand, and the defense mechanisms of mucociliary clearance and phagocytosis and killing by the oxygen-dependent alveolar macrophage on the other. the bactericidal function of the macrophage is the major component of the defense mechanism. the effect of acute hypoxia on the defense mechanism was studied in mice exposed to aerosols of staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, klebs ... | 1977 | 21603 |
| adhesion of escherichia coli to human uroepithelial cells in vitro. | optimal conditions for in vitro adherence of escherichia coli to uroepithelial cells, previously shown to more efficient for strains causing acute symptomatic than that for strains causing "asymptomatic" urinary tract infections, were investigated. uroepithelial cells from fresh morning urine of healthy individuals and e. coli bacteria from patients with various forms of urinary tract infeciton were used. adhesion was found to vary, between individuals and epithelial cell types, with epithelial ... | 1977 | 22493 |
| differential staining of bacteria in clinical specimens using acridine orange buffered at low ph. | optimal conditions for acridine orange staining of air dried and methanol fixed bacteria on glass slides were studied. the ph of the staining buffer did not influence the fluorescence of an s. aureus and an e. coli strain at dye concentrations of 25-50 mg per litre. 81 bacterial strains representing 15 different species were stained with acridine orange under standard conditions, all strains showing orange fluorescence. the ph of the buffer influenced markedly the staining patterns of human cell ... | 1977 | 70957 |
| l-asparagine requirements of human t-lymphocytes and b-lymphocytes in culture. | the characterization of two human t-lymphocyte lines revealed that they required exogenous l-asparagine for cell growth, whereas all four b-cell lines studied were l-asparagine independent. t-cells were 800-2,000 times more sensitive to escherichia coli l-asparaginase than were b-cells. the cytotoxic effects of a high concentration of l-asparaginase on b-cells were not related to the hydrolysis of l-asparagine but were due to heat-labile and heat-resistant substances in the enzyme. the findings ... | 1977 | 302863 |
| influence of the heat treatment of human milk on some of its protective constituents. | human milk was subjected to heat treatments of graded severity and examined for its content of immunoglobulins, lactoferrin, lysozyme, vitamin b12-and folate-binder proteins, and lactoperoxidase. holder pasteurization (62.5degrees c 30 minutes) reduced the iga titer by 20%, and destroyed the small content of igm and most of the lactoferrin. lysozyme was stable to this treatment, but with an increase in temperature there was progressive destruction, to near 100% at 100degrees c. the same was broa ... | 1977 | 318682 |
| effect of fosfomycin on the fecal microflora of man. | use of broad-spectrum antibiotics is known to cause changes in the intestinal microflora of man. the present study was initiated to determine the effect of oral fosfomycin calcium on several groups of microorganisms indigenous to the gut. data from this double-blind study indicate that 2 g of fosfomycin given daily in four divided doses for 28 days increased the incidence of soft stools. no significant changes in numbers of staphylococci or candida were observed during treatment. although there ... | 1977 | 318971 |
| bacteriostasis of escherichia coli by milk. i. colonization of breast-fed infants by milk resistant organisms. | human milk has a bacteriostatic effect on escherichia coli in vitro. the milks of 40 mothers were tested for this effect against e. coli isolated from their stools, from those of their own babies, and from those of babies not breast-fed. the milks had a direct bacteriostatic effect, not dependent on complement, on some but not all the strains of e. coli. breast-fed babies receiving supplementary bottle feeds were colonized with milk-resistant strains, whereas bottle-fed babies and, surprisingly, ... | 1977 | 319169 |
| renal and perirenal gas in a diabetic man. | 1977 | 319276 | |
| [treatment with human colostrum of children with prolonged infectious gastroenteritis]. | the results of treatment with human colostrum in 6 babies with protracted infectious diarrhea from enteropathogenic e. coli and/or salmonella are reported. active diarrhea was present in 5 cases and the 6th was a carrier. remission was obtained in cases with diarrhea and all showed increase in weight. negativeness of stool cultures was achieved in four cases and in the other two, the bacteriologic control was not complete. one patient died from a secondary pulmonary infectious problem. as an ave ... | 1977 | 320985 |
| occurrence of k99 antigen on escherichia coli isolated from pigs and colonization of pig ileum by k99+ enterotoxigenic e. coli from calves and pigs. | several strains of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) isolated from pigs were found to have an antigen (k99) previously reported only on strains of calf and lamb origin and which facilitates intestinal colonization in the latter two species. several human etec were also tested for k99; however, none were positive. each of four k99-positive etec strains of calf origin and one of pig origin produced k99 in pig ileum in vivo, adhered to villous epithelium in pig ileum, colonized pig ileum, and ... | 1977 | 321356 |
| effect of antibiotic supplementation of animal feed on human intestinal flora. | 1977 | 323753 | |
| on the process of cellular division in escherichia coli: a mutant of e. coli lacking a murein-lipoprotein. | a mutant of e. coli lacking a specific outer membrane lipoprotein was found. both the free and the bound form have been lost in this mutant. no material that cross-reacted with antiserum against lipoprotein was detected by the ouchterlony test. the mutant was defective in producing mrna active for lipoprotein synthesis. the mutation leading to the loss of lipoprotein synthesis, referred to as lpo, seems to have arisen during production of an f'. the map position of lpo was at 36.5 min on the e. ... | 1977 | 323852 |
| [growth of non-sporing anaerobes in an oxygen-free blood culture system (author's transl)]. | the efficacy of the commercially available vacutainer blood culture system to support the growth of non-sporing anaerobes was compared with two laboratory-prepared blood culture media (supplemented thioglycollate medium and brain heart infusion). the media were inoculated with 10, 100 and 1000 organisms of the species tested, and the number of colony-forming units was determined at intervals of 8-10 hrs. analogous experiments were performed with batches of the media to which 10% vol/vol of human ... | 1977 | 325956 |
| interactions of radio-detoxified escherichia coli endotoxin preparations with the complement system. | escherichia coli o89 lipopolysaccharide (lps) was treated with different doses of gamma irradiation (5, 10, 15, and 20 mrad). various biological activities such as lethal effect, decrease in arterial blood pressure in dogs, and interaction with the complement system were determined for the parent and irradiated preparations. irradiation of lps significantly and in a dose-dependent manner decreased its lethal and blood pressure-depressing effects along with its ability to activate the complement ... | 1977 | 326671 |
| a bactericidal effect for human lactoferrin. | streptococcus mutans and vibrio cholerae, but not escherichia coli, were killed by incubation with purified human apolactoferrin. concentrations of lactoferrin below that necessary for total inhibition resulted in a marked reduction in viable colony-forming units. this bactericidal effect was contingent upon the metal-chelating properties of the lactoferrin molecule. | 1977 | 327545 |
| effect of mega doses of vitamin c on bactericidal ativity of leukocytes. | effect of ingesting mega doses of ascorbic acid was studied on the leukocyte function in five normal human subjects. during the first 15 days the subjects received daily supplements of 200 mg of ascorbic acid, and during the next 2 weeks they were given 2 g of vitamin c per day. supplementation of 200 mg as well as 2 g of ascorbic acid stimulated hexose monophosphate shunt activity of resting leukocytes indicating an increase in resting metabolism. intakes of 200 mg of ascorbic acid per day did ... | 1977 | 327791 |
| immunogenic cross-reactivity between human tissues and the enterobacterial common antigen. | sterile tissues of human subjects free from infection and malignancy were assessed for an antigen that cross-reacts with the enterobacterial common antigen (eca). extracts of heated homogenates (he) and ethanol-soluble (es) fractions of liver, kidney, muscle, and heart tissues were examined for their capacities to react with eca antibodies, as measured by hemagglutination procedures, and to elicit eca humoral antibodies in rabbits. both he and es extracts of human liver and kidney tissues specif ... | 1977 | 328395 |
| human mild and colostrum proteins: a review. | 1977 | 328544 | |
| inefficiency of sanitation measures aboard commercial aircraft: environmental pollution and disease. | recent investigations at tokyo international airport have proven that environmental pollution resulting from the inefficient disposal of human excretion aboard aircraft is an important problem from the standpoint of quarantine. it is, therefore, recommended that the worldwide aviation industry take immediate measures to improve conditions and eliminate this problem, which has thus far been ignored by aircraft designers, airport administration, and cab personnel. | 1977 | 329830 |
| lutropin stimulation of rna synthesis in corpus luteum chromatin. | lutropin and human choriogonadotropin stimulated the endogenous chromatin-associated polymerase activity in purified chromatin prepared from nuclei of bovine corpus luteum. chromatin was incubated in two different buffer systems: one that mainly supports the activity of polymerase i, another that supports the activity of polymerase ii and is largely alpha-amanitin sensitive. the hormones lutropin and chorigonadotropin stimulated an increase in the rate of incorporation of [14c]atp or [14c]utp in ... | 1977 | 329886 |
| effect of alkali-treated lipopolysaccharide on the intracellular cations of human erythrocytes. | the adsorption to human erythrocytes of escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide treated by mild alkaline hydrolysis (h-lps) stimulated an increase in the intracellular na+ concentration and a decrease in the intracellular k+ concentration of the erythrocytes. erythrocytes treated by h-lps remained responsive to the membrane adenosine triphosphatase inhibitors ouabain and ethacrynic acid, indicating that hlps did not alter erythrocyte cations be depleting energy intermediates or uncoupling energy met ... | 1977 | 330408 |
| studies on neutralization of human serum bactericidal activity by sodium amylosulfate. | the synthetic anticoagulant sodium amylosulfate (sas) at concentrations of 125 to 2,000 microgram/ml failed to completely neutralize the bactericidal activity of 80 and 50% (by volume) fresh human serum. furthermore, sas failed to inhibit the alternative pathway of complement activation in 80% (by volume) fresh human serum that had been chelated with 0.01 m magnesium ions plus 0.01 m ethyleneglycol-bis(beta-aminoethylether)-n,n-tetraacetic acid. however, sas at 250 to 1,000 microgram/ml effectiv ... | 1977 | 330560 |
| antibody to cell wall glycolipid of gram-negative bacteria: induction of immunity to bacteremia and endotoxemia. | antiserum to the core glycolipid of gram-negative bacteria was prepared by immunization of rabbits with vaccine composed of killed cells of the uridine diphosphate galactose-deficient mutant (j5) of escherichia coli o:111. antiserum to j5 not only prevented death of animals from endotoxin but also prevented the local and generalized shwartzman reactions. antiserum to endotoxin also prevented renal cortical necrosis and disseminated intravascular coagulation during the evolution of the generalize ... | 1977 | 330776 |
| microheterogeneity detected in circular dimer mitochondrial dna. | exhaustive ecori digests of circular dimer mitochondrial dna (mtdna) from mouse cell lines ld and ldtk- yield two major fragments whose average lengths are slightly smaller than the corresponding fragments of circular monomer mtdna from mouse la9 and lmtk- cells. a third fragment approximately 400 nucleotide pairs in length is frequently produced in less than molar yield. exhaustive ecori digests of circular dimer mtdna from human acute myelogenous leukemic leucocytes yield three major fragments ... | 1977 | 331255 |
| production of colicin v in vitro and in vivo and observations on its effects in experimental animals. | in recent years, a possible relationship between pathogenicity and colicinogeny in some escherichia coli strains responsible for gastrointestinal infection and bacteremia in man and animals has been inferred. using enterotoxigen-negative, colicin v-producing e. coli strains, we have (i) elaborated a simple in vitro method for producing greater yields of colicin v free of bacterial cells and large, non-dialyzable molecules; (ii) detected the presence of the bacteriocin in peritoneal fluids of mor ... | 1977 | 332624 |
| effect of tetracycline upon transfer of an r plasmid from calves to human beings. | fecal specimens from human subjects in daily contact with calves shedding escherichia coli containing an r plasmid were analyzed for the presence of e coli and the plasmid. a low level of crossover was found to occur unrelated to whether or not the calves were receiving tetracycline. | 1977 | 333999 |
| human milk and gut infection in the newborn. | 1977 | 336123 | |
| hemagglutination of human group a erythrocytes by enterotoxigenic escherichia coli isolated from adults with diarrhea: correlation with colonization factor. | enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) of several different serotypes isolated from adults with diarrhea and known to possess the colonization factor antigen (cfa) were found to cause mannose-resistant hemagglutination (ha) of human group a erythrocytes. cfa-negative e. coli isolated during the same study did not possess the mannose-resistant hemagglutinin, although some non-etec, cfa-negative isolates did exhibit mannose-sensitive ha activity. the mannoseresistant hemagglutinin of etec was fou ... | 1977 | 336541 |