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the c-terminal 42 residues of the tula virus gn protein regulate interferon induction.hantaviruses primarily infect the endothelial cell lining of capillaries and cause two vascular permeability-based diseases. the ability of pathogenic hantaviruses to regulate the early induction of interferon determines whether hantaviruses replicate in endothelial cells. tula virus (tulv) and prospect hill virus (phv) are hantaviruses which infect human endothelial cells but fail to cause human disease. phv is unable to inhibit early interferon (ifn) responses and fails to replicate within hum ...201121367904
sero-epidemiological study of the presence of hantaviruses in domestic dogs and cats from belgium.hantaviruses are worldwide rodent-borne pathogens infecting humans and other animals mainly through inhalation of aerosols contaminated with rodent excreta. few data are available on hantavirus serology and geographical distribution in dogs and cats. we therefore screened sera from pet dogs (n=410) and cats (n=124) in two regions of belgium, using igg elisa and ifa. we analysed the effect of the owner's address as well as pet gender and age on hantavirus status. hantavirus antibodies were found ...201121388647
glomerulonephritis emerging shortly after puumala hantavirus infection: a report on 7 patients.aims: nephropathia epidemica (ne) is mild type of hemorrhagic fever caused by puumala (puu) hantavirus. renal biopsy typically shows acute tubulointerstitial nephritis and complete recovery is the usual outcome. we previously described 5 patients with membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (mpgn) after acute ne. we now report on 7 more patients who developed biopsy-confirmed glomerulonephritis (gn) during the convalescent phase of ne. material and methods: we present case histories of 7 patien ...201121612760
structural characterization of the crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus gn tail provides insight into virus assembly.the rna virus that causes the crimean congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a tick-borne pathogen of the nairovirus genus, family bunyaviridae. unlike many zoonotic viruses that are only passed between animals and humans, the cchf virus can also be transmitted from human to human with an overall mortality rate approaching 30%. currently, there are no atomic structures for any cchf virus proteins nor for any nairovirus proteins. a critical component of the virus is the envelope gn glycoprotein, which ...201121507948
biogeographic and ecological regulation of disease: prevalence of sin nombre virus in island mice is related to island area, precipitation, and predator richness.the relative roles of top-down and bottom-up forces in affecting disease prevalence in wild hosts is important for understanding disease dynamics and human disease risk. we found that the prevalence of sin nombre virus (snv), the agent of a severe disease in humans (hantavirus pulmonary syndrome), in island deer mice from the eight california channel islands was greater with increased precipitation (a measure of productivity), greater island area, and fewer species of rodent predators. in findin ...201121508614
platelet ligands and adamts13 during puumala hantavirus infection and associated thrombocytopenia.we aimed here to elucidate the role of adhesive platelet ligands and endothelial involvement during the acute phase of puumala hantavirus (puuv) infection. nineteen hospital-treated patients with serologically confirmed diagnosis of acute puuv infection were included. patient charts were reviewed for clinical and basic laboratory data. plasma levels of von willebrand factor antigen (vwf: ag), ristocetin cofactor (vwf: rco), factor viii (fviii: c) and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a th ...201121508829
expression of recombinant araraquara hantavirus nucleoprotein in insect cells and its use as an antigen for immunodetection compared to the same antigen expressed in escherichia coli.abstract: background: antigens for hantavirus serological tests have been produced using dna recombinant technology for more than twenty years. several different strategies have been used for that purpose. all of them avoid the risks and difficulties involved in multiplying hantavirus in the laboratory. in brazil, the araraquara virus is one of the main causes of hantavirus cardio-pulmonary syndrome (hcps). methods. in this investigation, we report the expression of the n protein of the araraqua ...201121569341
Rodent-Borne Hantaviruses in Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Thailand.In order to evaluate the circulation of hantaviruses present in southeast Asia, a large scale survey of small mammal species was carried out at seven main sites in the region (Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, and Thailand). Small scale opportunistic trapping was also performed at an eighth site (Cambodia). Using a standard IFA test, IgG antibodies reacting to Hantaan virus antigens were detected at six sites. Antibody prevalence at each site varied from 0 to 5.6% with antibodies detec ...201122124701
detection of dobrava-belgrade hantavirus using recombinant-nucleocapsid-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and sybr green-based real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.dobrava (dobv) hantaviruses belong to the genus hantavirus, family bunyaviridae, and are carried by yellow-necked and striped field mice. the goal of this study was to detect dobv using serological and genetic methods in apodemus rodents in hungary and in northern croatia. during the study period, a total of 125 apodemus sp. (67 a. agrarius, 58 a. flavicollis) were tested for the presence of hantaviruses, and 21 rodents (17%) were positive by rrt-pcr and/or elisa. we conclude that the prevalence ...201121573689
the cytoplasmic tail of hantavirus gn glycoprotein interacts with rna.we recently characterized the interaction between the intraviral domains of envelope glycoproteins (gn and gc) and ribonucleoprotein (rnp) of puumala and tula hantaviruses (genus hantavirus, family bunyaviridae). herein we report a direct interaction between spike-forming glycoprotein and nucleic acid. we show that the envelope glycoprotein gn of hantaviruses binds genomic rna through its cytoplasmic tail (ct). the nucleic acid binding of gn-ct is unspecific, as demonstrated by interactions with ...201121807393
procalcitonin in hantavirus infections.in hantavirus infections levels of serum leukocytes or c-reactive protein are usually elevated to levels found in serious bacterial infections. however, procalcitonin in patients infected with hantavirus has not yet been discussed in the literature. a total of 29 adult patients with hantavirus infection, 30 with sepsis, and 19 with tick-borne encephalitis were included in this observational retrospective study. the median procalcitonin level in patients with hantavirus infection was 0.53 µg/l (r ...201121344982
concomitant influence of helminth infection and landscape on the distribution of puumala hantavirus in its reservoir, myodes glareolus.puumala virus, the agent of nephropathia epidemica (ne), is the most prevalent hantavirus in europe. the risk for human infection seems to be strongly correlated with the prevalence of puumala virus (puuv) in populations of its reservoir host species, the bank vole myodes glareolus. in humans, the infection risks of major viral diseases are affected by the presence of helminth infections. we therefore proposed to analyse the influence of both helminth community and landscape on the prevalence of ...201121303497
genetic diversity of imjin virus in the ussuri white-toothed shrew (crocidura lasiura) in the republic of korea, 2004-2010.recently, imjin virus (mjnv), a genetically distinct hantavirus, was isolated from lung tissues of the ussuri white-toothed shrew (crocidura lasiura) captured near the demilitarized zone in the republic of korea. to clarify the genetic diversity of mjnv, partial m- and l-segment sequences were amplified from lung tissues of 12 of 37 (32.4%) anti-mjnv igg antibody-positive ussuri white-toothed shrews captured between 2004 and 2010. a 531-nucleotide region of the m segment (coordinates 2,255 to 2, ...201121303516
[bilateral acute angle-closure glaucoma due to an infection with hantavirus].a poor general condition of patients with hemorrhagic fever and elevated creatinine should raise suspicion of a systemic infection with hantavirus. this can often also cause ocular changes. above all, changes of intraocular pressure, in our case bilateral acute angle-closure glaucoma, due to edema and hemorrhage in the ciliary body result in anterolateral rotation of the iris-lens diaphragm with closure of the chamber angle. it can also cause a transient myopia, and intraretinal hemorrhages can ...201121327947
using geographic information system-based ecologic niche models to forecast the risk of hantavirus infection in shandong province, china.hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) is an important public health problem in shandong province, china. in this study, we combined ecologic niche modeling with geographic information systems (gis) and remote sensing techniques to identify the risk factors and affected areas of hantavirus infections in rodent hosts. land cover and elevation were found to be closely associated with the presence of hantavirus-infected rodent hosts. the averaged area under the receiver operating characterist ...201121363991
puumala virus infection: radiologic findings.a 33-year-old male patient was admitted to our nephrology department with rapidly deteriorating general health, fever, respiratory difficulties, and acute renal failure. computed tomography of the thorax revealed interstitial edema with thickening of the interlobular septa, peribronchial cuffing, ground-glass opacities, and small pleural and pericardial effusions. polymerase chain reaction tests verified puumala virus infection. the patient recovered with supportive treatment. hantavirus infecti ...201120736852
serosurvey of hantavirus infection in humans in the border region between brazil and argentina.according to reports by the ministry of health, in the far western region of the state of santa catarina, there have been no reports of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, a zoonotic disease transmitted by feces of infected rodents. a seroepidemiological study of residents of this region, was conducted, with the aim of determining the presence of hantavirus infections. a total of 340 volunteers of both genus, from the towns of belmonte and paraíso, were studied.201121468477
development and application of a flow cytometric potency assay for dna vaccines.we have developed a rapid, reliable, and sensitive quantitative flow cytometric assay to measure the in vitro potency and stability of dna vaccines to be delivered either by particle-mediated epidermal delivery (pmed) or by electroporation. the method involves transfecting cells with test dna and comparing the measured antigen expression to that generated with expression from known quantities of reference material dna. the assay was adapted for performance under good laboratory practice (glp) gu ...201121219978
viral infections in workers in hospital and research laboratory settings: a comparative review of infection modes and respective biosafety aspects.to compare modes and sources of infection and clinical and biosafety aspects of accidental viral infections in hospital workers and research laboratory staff reported in scientific articles.201121497126
time to revise the paradigm of hantavirus syndromes? hantavirus pulmonary syndrome caused by european hantavirus.hantaviruses have previously been recognised to cause two separate syndromes: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in eurasia, and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) in the americas. however, increasing evidence suggests that this dichotomy is no longer fruitful when recognising human hantavirus disease and understanding the pathogenesis. herein are presented three cases of severe european puumala hantavirus infection that meet the hps case definition. the clinical and pathological findings we ...201121234633
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome: encephalitis caused by virus andes.hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) are rodent-borne emerging diseases caused by members of the genus hantavirus, family bunyaviridae. some species of hantavirus may cause encephalitis, but this is the first report in andes virus associated to hps.201121240581
interview with pedro fernando da costa vasconcelos, md, phd. interview by vicki glaser. 201121261512
serological evidence of thailand virus-related hantavirus infection among suspected leptospirosis patients in kandy, sri lanka.a cross-sectional study was undertaken to determine the current prevalence of leptospirosis and hantaviral infections, and the socio-demographic characteristics and risk factors of infected patients, in kandy, sri lanka. this report discusses the serological evidence of hantavirus infections among 105 suspected leptospirosis patients, 8 of whom had hantavirus antibodies. serotyping elisa showed that these 8 patients had high optical density values for thailand virus. most of the sera showed that ...201121266762
the delicate pygmy rice rat (oligoryzomys delicatus) is the principal host of maporal virus (family bunyaviridae, genus hantavirus).abstract choclo virus (chov) and maporal virus (mapv) are enzootic in panama and western venezuela, respectively. the results of previous studies suggested that the fulvous pygmy rice rat (oligoryzomys fulvescens) is the principal host of both viruses. the results of an analysis of nucleotide sequence data in this study indicated that the rodent associated with chov is the costa rican pygmy rice rat (oligoryzomys costaricensis) and that the rodent associated with mapv is the delicate pygmy rice ...201121548760
maporal virus as a surrogate for pathogenic new world hantaviruses and its inhibition by favipiravir.pathogenic hantaviruses geographically distributed in the old world cause haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs), whereas new world hantaviruses are the aetiological agents of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps). ribavirin, a drug associated with toxicities, is presently indicated for treatment of hfrs, whereas treatment of the more frequently lethal hcps is limited to supportive care. because of the need for safe and effective antivirals to treat severe hantaviral infections, we e ...201121566265
delayed density-dependent prevalence of sin nombre virus infection in deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) in central and western montana.understanding how transmission of zoonoses takes place within reservoir populations, such as sin nombre virus (snv) among deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus), is important in determining the risk of exposure to other hosts, including humans. in this study, we examined the relationship between deer mouse populations and the prevalence of antibodies to snv, a system where the effect of host population abundance on transmission is debated. we examined the relationship between abundance of deer mice ...201121269997
infection of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells by andes hantavirus enhances pro-inflammatory state, the secretion of active mmp-9 and indirectly enhances endothelial permeability.abstract:201121569520
prevalence of hantavirus infection in wild rodents from five provinces in korea, 2007.hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) is an infectious disease caused by hantaviruses of the family bunyaviridae. among them, hantaan virus (htnv) is most widely distributed in korea. the striped field mouse, apodemus agrarius, is the natural host of htnv in rural korea. we trapped 766 small mammals of three species (1 eothenomys regulus, 13 crocidura suaveolens, and 752 apodemus agrarius) in five provinces in korea from january to december 2007. we tested 542 rodent sera for htnv antibod ...201121441196
detection of hantaviruses in brazilian rodents by sybr-green-based real-time rt-pcr.current knowledge of the pathogenic hantavirus indicates that wild rodents are its primary natural reservoir. specific primers to detect the presence of viral genomes were developed using an sybr-green-based real-time rt-pcr protocol. one hundred sixty-four rodents native to the atlantic forest biome were captured in são paulo state, brazil, and their tissues were tested. the presence of hantavirus rna was detected in sixteen rodents: three specimens of akodon montensis, three of akodon cursor, ...201121442233
recent advances in hantavirus molecular biology and disease.hantaviruses are emerging zoonotic pathogens that belong to the bunyaviridae family. they have been classified as category a pathogens by cdc (centers for disease control and prevention). hantaviruses pose a serious threat to human health because their infection causes two highly fatal diseases, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps). these pathogens are transmitted to humans through aerosolized excreta of their infected rodent hosts. hantavir ...201121459193
seroepidemiological survey of hantavirus infection in healthy people in vallès occidental, barcelona.hantaviruses are the etiological agents of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in europe and asia, and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in america. approximately 150,000 cases are reported annually worldwide. in spain, some hantavirus infection cases have been described. besides, rodents that have been described as hantavirus reservoirs are present. the aim of the present study was to determinate the seroprevalence of hantavirus in humans in the northeast of spain.201121417923
comparison of hantaan and seoul viral infections among patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in heilongjiang, china.hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) is a serious public health problem in china, and is primarily caused by either the hantaan virus (htnv) or seoul virus (seov) strains. however, the causative hantavirus has only been definitively identified in a few hfrs cases, and detailed comparisons of patient data for the 2 strains are limited.201121428852
environmental risk factors for haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in a french new epidemic area.summaryin france, haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) is endemic along the belgian border. however, this rodent-borne zoonosis caused by the puumala virus has recently spread south to the franche-comté region. we investigated the space-time distribution of hfrs and evaluated the influence of environmental factors that drive the hantavirus reservoir abundance and/or the disease transmission in this area. a scan test clearly indicated space-time clustering, highlighting a single-year (20 ...201120822577
hantavirus outbreak in western europe: reservoir host infection dynamics related to human disease patterns.within europe, puumala virus (puuv) is the causal agent of nephropathia epidemica (ne) in humans, a zoonotic disease with increasing significance in recent years. in a region of belgium with a historically high incidence of ne, bank voles (the puuv reservoir hosts), were monitored for puuv igg antibody prevalence in nine study sites before, during, and after the highest ne outbreak recorded in belgium in 2005. we found that the highest numbers of puuv igg-positive voles coincided with the peak o ...201120450527
a possible case of hantavirus infection in a borneo orangutan and its conservation implication.natural infection of hantavirus in orangutans has never been reported.201120722771
non-human primates in outdoor enclosures: risk for infection with rodent-borne hantaviruses.different species of non-human primates have been exploited as animal disease models for human hantavirus infections. to study the potential risk of natural hantavirus infection of non-human primates, we investigated serum samples from non-human primates of three species living in outdoor enclosures of the german primate center (gpc), göttingen, located in a hantavirus endemic region of central germany. for that purpose we used serological assays based on recombinant antigens of the bank vole (m ...201120727685
hantavirus infection in istanbul, turkey. 201121291612
genetic detection of dobrava/belgrade virus, bulgaria. 201121291615
hantavirus infection during a stay in a mountain hut in northern slovakia.hantaviruses in europe cause human hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) with various degree of severity. the most severe form is caused by the dobrava/belgrade virus (dobv), associated with the rodent apodemus flavicollis. during the last decade cases of infection caused by dobv have been reported in central europe. the present study is a report on two czech patients with severe hfrs who were infected during their stay in a mountain hut in northern slovakia. the two patients, combined wi ...201121264871
specific humoral reaction of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) patients in china to recombinant nucleocapsid proteins from european hantaviruses.hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) is endemic in east asia and europe. this study was initiated to investigate the reactivity of antibodies in sera of chinese hfrs patients with the recombinant nucleocapsid proteins (rnps) of hantaan virus (htnv), dobrava-belgrade virus (dobv), and puumala virus (puuv), which are the prevalent hantavirus strains in europe. forty-eight pairs of acute and convalescent sera were collected from hfrs patients in hubei, china (1985-2002) and tested by indire ...201121222012
hantavirus protein interactions regulate cellular functions and signaling responses.rodent-borne pathogenic hantaviruses cause two severe and often lethal zoonotic diseases: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in eurasia and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps) in the americas. currently, no us fda-approved therapeutics or vaccines are available for hfrs/hcps. infections with hantaviruses are not lytic, and it is currently not known exactly why infections in humans cause disease. a better understanding of how hantaviruses interfere with normal cell functions and ...201121171876
genetic evidence for the presence of two distinct hantaviruses associated with apodemus mice in croatia and analysis of local strains.in europe, dobrava-belgrade (dobv), saaremaa (saav), and puumala (puuv) viruses are known to cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs). all three hantaviruses are now found in croatia. lung tissue samples of 315 apodemus mice trapped in 2003-2004 were screened for the presence of hantaviral n-ag and 20 mice (6.3%) were found either strongly positive or weak/suspected-positive. partial sequences of hantavirus m and s segments were recovered by rt-pcr from six mice and subjected to (phylo ...201121108346
t cells and pathogenesis of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.we previously hypothesized that increased capillary permeability observed in both hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps) and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) may be caused by hantavirus-specific cytotoxic t cells attacking endothelial cells presenting viral antigens on their surface based on clinical observations and in vitro experiments. in hcps, hantavirus-specific t cell responses positively correlated with disease severity. in hfrs, in one report, contrary to hcps, t cell res ...201121994770
High pentraxin-3 plasma levels associate with thrombocytopenia in acute Puumala hantavirus-induced nephropathia epidemica.Our aim was to investigate whether plasma levels of the long pentraxin-3 (PTX3) associate with the severity of Puumala hantavirus-induced nephropathia epidemica (NE). Sixty-one prospectively identified consecutively hospitalized NE patients were examined. Plasma PTX3, interleukin (IL)-6, terminal complement complex SC5b-9, complement component C3, C-reactive protein (CRP), creatinine, sodium, kynurenine, and tryptophan levels, as well as the blood cell count, were determined for up to five conse ...201121901638
vesicular stomatitis virus-based vaccine protects hamsters against lethal challenge with andes virus.andes virus (andv) is a highly pathogenic south american hantavirus that causes hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps). a high case fatality rate, the potential for human-to-human transmission, the capacity to infect via aerosolization, and the absence of effective therapies make it imperative that a safe, fast-acting, and effective andv vaccine be developed. we generated and characterized a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) vector expressing the andv surface glycoprotein precursor (vsvĪ“ ...201121917979
hantavirus infection in suspected dengue cases from state of ceará, brazil. 201122231261
Detection of two morphologically cryptic species from the cursor complex (Akodon spp; Rodentia, Cricetidae) through the use of RAPD markers.The cursor complex is a group within the Akodon genus of South American rodents, formed by Akodon cursor and A. montensis. Correct distinction between these two species is of great importance since they can harbor different Hantavirus strains. These species are only distinguishable by means of karyotypic or internal anatomic features, requiring dissection; recently, some other genetic methods have become available. We developed RAPD markers capable of distinguishing between A. cursor and A ...201122179960
a multi-structured epidemic problem with direct and indirect transmission in heterogeneous environments.in this work, we analyse a deterministic epidemic mathematical model motivated by the propagation of a hantavirus (puumala hantavirus) within a bank vole population (clethrionomys glareolus). the host population is split into juvenile and adult individuals. a heterogeneous spatial chronological age and infection age structure is considered, and also indirect transmission via the environment. maturation rates for juvenile individuals are adult density-dependent. for the reaction-diffusion systems ...201122873589
epidemic intelligence service investigations of respiratory illness, 1946-2005.infectious respiratory pathogens were the suspected cause of 480 outbreaks investigated by the centers for disease control and prevention's epidemic intelligence service officers during 1946-2005. all epidemic-assistance investigation reports and associated articles from scientific journals were reviewed. investigations identified 25 different infectious respiratory pathogens including, most frequently, tuberculosis, influenza, and legionellosis. other bacterial-, viral-, and fungal-related path ...201122135392
hantavirus ecology in rodent populations in three protected areas of argentina.in this study, we identified hantavirus genotypes and their reservoirs and evaluated the spatial and temporal distribution of the virus in rodent population in three protected areas of argentina over 3ôçâyears (2007-2010). a total of 837 rodents were captured with an effort of 22ôçâ117 trap-nights. we detected the genotype lechiguanas in oligoryzomys nigripes and o.-áflavescens and pergamino in akodon azarae. there was no correlation between seroprevalence and trap success of the host. the propo ...201121733047
modeling potential distribution of oligoryzomys longicaudatus, the andes virus (genus: hantavirus) reservoir, in argentina.we constructed a model to predict the potential distribution of oligoryzomys longicaudatus, the reservoir of andes virus (genus: hantavirus), in argentina. we developed an extensive database of occurrence records from published studies and our own surveys and compared two methods to model the probability of o. longicaudatus presence; logistic regression and maxent algorithm. the environmental variables used were tree, grass and bare soil cover from modis imagery and, altitude and 19 bioclimatic ...201122130568
the structure of the hantavirus zinc finger domain is conserved and represents the only natively folded region of the gn cytoplasmic tail.hantaviruses, of the family bunyaviridae, are present throughout the world and cause a variety of infections ranging from the asymptomatic to mild and severe hemorrhagic fevers. hantaviruses are enveloped anti-sense rna viruses that contain three genomic segments that encode for a nucleocapsid protein, two membrane glycoproteins (gn and gc), and an rna polymerase. recently, the pathogenicity of hantaviruses has been mapped to the carboxyl end of the 150 residue gn cytoplasmic tail. the gn tail h ...201122203819
genetic diversity of hantaviruses in mexico: identification of three novel hantaviruses from neotominae rodents.a variety of hantaviruses are harbored by rodents in north and south america, some of which can cause hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. to obtain greater evolutionary insight into hantaviruses in the americas, a total of 211 rodents were captured in the mexican states of guerrero and morelos in 2006. anti-hantavirus antibodies were detected in 27 of 211 serum samples (12.8%) by elisa. the distribution of seropositive rodents was: 17 peromyscus beatae, 1 megadontomys thomasi, 1 neotoma picta, 6 reit ...201122138671
[a study of immunoassay by using quantum dots to detect hantavirus infection].to develop a new method to detect anti-hantavirus igg antibodies (hv igg) based on quantum dots (qds) and indirect immune technique.201122734244
[the expression and bioactivity of s gene in vero-e6 cells using baculovirus vector].the s gene of a hanta virus (hv) z10 strain was cloned into a baculovirus shuttle bacmid pdual-cmv contained a cmv promoter to generated a recombinant baculovirus bac-pdual-cmv-hvs, then the recombinant baculovirus was transfected into vero-e6 cell. the cells with recombinant baculovirus were applied to the detection of hv antiserum.201122097607
[the epidemiological, epizootological, and etiological characteristics of the 2006-2007 outbreak of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the tambov region].the findings suggest that there are natural foci of hantavirus infection in the tambov region. there is evidence that dobrava/belgrade hantavirus (dob-aa) was a leading etiological agent in the outbreak of the disease in the winter of 2006-2007. epidemiological analysis showed that the outbreak of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) afflicted the region during november to april, by reaching its peak in january (52.2%). among the patients with hfrs, rural dwellers were 91%. people were i ...201122359949
[hantavirus as important emerging agents in south america].the dawning of the 20th century was marked by the emergence of new infectious disease agents and the appearance of others previously thought controlled. both phenomena were possibly connected with ecological disturbances that led to the recognition of a dramatic climate change, of which the effects are only now becoming noticeable. among the variety of agents to be considered, the many new viruses stand out, not only for their numerical proliferation, but also for their genetic versatility. it i ...201122674322
hantavirus rna not detected in ixodes ricinus ticks.a total of 174 unfed ixodes ricinus ticks (104 nymphs, 36 males, and 34 females) collected in the roztocze national park in eastern poland were examined by the pcr and nested pcr methods for the presence of hantavirus rna. none of the examined ixodes ricinus specimens showed the presence of the hantavirus-specific rna, in spite of using 2 genetic markers and the clearly positive results obtained with the positive control. thus, a hypothesis about the possible participation of ticks in the transm ...201122216828
estimating duration of infection with avidity assays: potential limitations and recommendations for improvement.recent infections often have higher pathogen loads. the number of recent infections can therefore be used to estimate transmission rates in a host population. antibody avidity assays are an emerging technique to infer infection age in both domestic and wild animals. these assays have the potential to supplant intensive mark-recapture efforts for identification of recent infections, but their results may be confounded by antibody titer. we examined the effectiveness of an avidity assay for identi ...201122311097
Imaging of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome: a potential bioterrorism agent of military significance.Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a potentially fatal infectious disease with worldwide distribution. Its etiologic agents are viruses of the genus Hantavirus of the virus family Bunyaviridae. Hypothetical ease of production and distribution of these agents, with their propensity to incapacitate victims and overwhelm health care resources, lend themselves as significant potential biological agents of terrorism. HFRS has protean clinical manifestations, which may mimic upper respira ...201122165665
polymorphisms of pai-1 and platelet gp ia may associate with impairment of renal function and thrombocytopenia in puumala hantavirus infection.introduction: puumala virus (puuv) infection is a viral hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) characterized by thrombocytopenia and acute impairment of renal function. we aimed to assess whether genetic polymorphisms of platelet antigens together with those of von willebrand factor (vwf) and plasminogen activator inhibitor (pai-1) correlate with disease severity. patients and methods 172 consecutive hospital-treated patients with serologically confirmed acute puuv infection were included. ...201122133274
human pathogenic hantaviruses and prevention of infection.hantaviruses are emerging viruses which are hosted by small mammals. when transmitted to humans, they can cause two clinical syndromes, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome or hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome. the review compiles the current list of hantaviruses which are thought to be pathogenic in humans on the basis of molecular or at least serological evidence. whereas induction of a neutralizing humoral immune response is considered to be protective against infection, the dual role of c ...201121508676
an emerging infectious cause of renal impairment in the uk.hantaviruses are endemic in many central european countries, particularly the balkans, infection causing non-specific 'flu-like symptoms and renal dysfunction which is self-limiting in the majority of cases. in this case, there was a diagnostic delay, resulting in numerous unnecessary investigations, prolonged hospital stay and almost an invasive renal biopsy. a travel history is therefore essential, to establish travel to an endemic region within the previous 2-6 weeks. with increasing travel a ...201122674588
cytokine expression during early and late phase of acute puumala hantavirus infection.abstract: background: hantaviruses of the family bunyaviridae are emerging zoonotic pathogens which cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in the old world and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) in the new world. an immune-mediated pathogenesis is discussed for both syndromes. the aim of our study was to investigate cytokine expression during the course of acute puumala hantavirus infection. results: we retrospectively studied 64 patients hospitalised with acute puumala hantavirus ...201122085404
hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome complicated by orchitis.hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) is a disease caused by viruses of the family bunyaviridae, genus hantavirus. hfrs from dobrava virus (dobv) is a seldom reported disease in albania. clinically hfrs is manifested as mild, moderate, or severe. therefore, the number of cases of hantavirus' infection may be underestimated, and should be included in the differential diagnosis of many acute infections, hematologic diseases, acute abdominal diseases and renal diseases complicated by acute r ...201121847761
detection of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever, hanta, and sandfly fever viruses by real-time rt-pcr.the development of sensitive and specific nucleic acid diagnostic assays for viral pathogens is essential for proper medical intervention. this chapter describes four fluorescence-based pcr assays to detect the crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchfv), andes (andv), hantaan (hanv), and sandfly fever sicilian (sfsv) viruses. these assays are based on species-specific hydrolysis probes targeting the nucleocapsid protein gene for cchfv and sfsv and the glycoprotein gene for andv and hanv. all four a ...201121116810
prospective study on ocular findings in acute puumala hantavirus infection in hospitalised patients.to appraise the ocular manifestations of puumala hantavirus evoked haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome nephropathia epidemica (ne) and to clarify the mechanisms of ocular changes in the largest series of patients examined to date.201120679079
Severe pulmonary involvement in a case attributed to domestically acquired seoul hantavirus in the United States.Hantavirus is known to cause 2 distinct clinical syndromes: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. Seoul virus is an Old World hantavirus known to cause HFRS. We report a case attributed to domestically acquired Seoul hantavirus with prominent pulmonary involvement and a fatal outcome.201222042876
gene expression of estrogen receptors in pbmc from patients with puumala-virus infection.abstract: the influence of estrogen signaling on infectious diseases is not fully known. males seem to be more susceptible to infections than females. this has also been noted for the scandinavian form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) caused by puumala hantavirus (puuv). to investigate the differences in estrogen receptors in relation to sex and clinical severity, 20 patients (10 males, 10 females) with confirmed puuv infection was studied. real-time pcr was performed for analyzin ...201222266976
Co-circulation of two Puumala hantavirus lineages in Latvia: A russian lineage described previously and a novel Latvian lineage.Puumala hantavirus (PUUV) causes a mild form of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Europe. Seven genetic lineages of PUUV have thus far been recorded, which exhibit geographic structure within the distribution of its natural host, the bank vole (Myodes glareolus). This study presents evidence for two distinct PUUV lineages co-circulating in Latvia: one previously described from Russia and a novel one that appears to be endemic. The Latvian lineage (LAT) is considerably divergent and sever ...201222170553
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome clinical findings: evaluating a surveillance case definition.abstract clinical cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) can be challenging to differentiate from other acute respiratory diseases, which can lead to delays in diagnosis, treatment, and disease reporting. rapid onset of severe disease occurs, at times before diagnostic test results are available. this study's objective was to examine the clinical characteristics of patients that would indicate hps to aid in detection and reporting. test results of blood samples from u.s. patients suspect ...201222214273
[genotype of hantavirus in zhejiang province].to identify the genotype and clades of hantavirus (hv) in zhejiang province.201223547455
atypical severe puumala hantavirus infection and virus sequence analysis of the patient and regional reservoir host.nephropathia epidemica (ne) caused by puumala hantavirus (puuv) is a mild variant of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, which is endemic in germany. we describe the case of a 67-year-old man initially presenting with acute bilateral angle-closure glaucoma, an atypical clinical presentation of puuv infection. subsequently, the patient developed a severe course of disease additionally complicated by profound hepatitis and interstitial nephritis, both phenomena which are rarely described in as ...201222958255
[study on comprehensive monitoring of mouse and effect of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome vaccine in high prevalence areas of natural focus infectious disease of zhejiang province in 1994--2010].to study the comprehensive monitoring mechanism of mouse and the effect of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) vaccine in the high prevalence areas of natural focus infectious disease of zhejiang province in 1994 - 2010.201223363865
[viral etiology of community acquired pneumonia among adults admitted to a general hospital].there is paucity of information about viral etiology of community acquired pneumonia in adults.201223282770
seroepidemiological study reveals regional co-occurrence of lassa- and hantavirus antibodies in upper guinea, west africa.to assess the public health relevance of lassa arenavirus and hantavirus infections in a subpopulation of recently febrile patients.201223279760
a unifying hypothesis and a single name for a complex globally emerging infection: hantavirus disease. 201222068273
induction of protective immunity in a syrian hamster model against a cytopathogenic strain of andes virus.andes virus (andv) is responsible for the hantavirus pulmonary syndrome cases in argentina and neighboring countries, with moderate to high case-fatality rates. andv has some particular features, which make it unique among other members of the hantavirus genus such as person-to-person transmission and causing a disease similar to hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in the hamster as an animal model. the kinetics of replication in vero e6 cells of an andv strain isolated in argentina, called andes/arg, ...201222095538
Isolation of sochi virus from a fatal case of hantavirus disease with fulminant clinical course.Sochi virus, a novel genetic variant of Dobrava-Belgrade virus, was isolated in cell culture from a fulminant lethal case of hantavirus disease presenting with shock and combined kidney and lung failure. Sochi virus is transmitted to humans from host reservoir Apodemus ponticus and must be considered a life-threatening emerging agent.201222042875
Antiviral escape strategies developed by bunyaviruses pathogenic for humans.New or re-emerging pathogens for humans have emerged outside of their usual endemic range during the last decade originating severe public health concern and economical losses. Climate changes have played a significant role in the emergence or re-emergence of arboviruses. Among these pathogens, several viruses belong to the Bunyaviridae family. This family is composed of RNA viruses grouped into five genera Orthobunyavirus, Hantavirus, Nairovirus, Phlebovirus and Tospovirus characterized by thei ...201222202109
sin nombre hantavirus decreases survival of male deer mice.how pathogens affect their hosts is a key question in infectious disease ecology, and it can have important influences on the spread and persistence of the pathogen. sin nombre virus (snv) is the etiological agent of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) in humans. a better understanding of snv in its reservoir host, the deer mouse, could lead to improved predictions of the circulation and persistence of the virus in the mouse reservoir, and could help identify the factors that lead to increased h ...201222218940
Modification of the adenoviral transfer vector enhances expression of the Hantavirus fusion protein GnS0.7 and induces a strong immune response in C57BL/6 mice.Hantavirus glycoproteins (Gn and Gc) are significant components of vaccines for haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS); however, they are not effective due to weak immunogenicity and low levels of production in expression systems. To circumvent this problem, a 0.7-kb fragment of the S segment was fused to Gn, and a hybrid CAG promoter/enhancer in conjunction with (or without) the WPRE (Woodchuck hepatitis virus post-transcriptional regulatory element) was used to improve the expression of ...201222015676
Do viral infections mimic bacterial sepsis? The role of microvascular permeability: A review of mechanisms and methods.A dysregulated immune response and functional immunosuppression have been considered the major mechanisms of the bacterial sepsis syndrome. More recently, the loss of endothelial barrier function and resultant microvascular leak have been found to be a key determinant of the pathogenesis of bacterial sepsis. Whether a similar paradigm applies to systemic viral syndromes is not known. Answering this question has far-reaching implications for the development of future anti-viral therapeutic strate ...201222068147
pathogenicity of a natural reassortant hantavirus cgrn9415 in newborn rats and newborn mice.to better understand the pathogenicity and infectivity of a natural reassortant cgrn9415 generated from hantaan virus (htnv) and seoul virus (seov), cgrn9415, htnv 76-118, and seov l99 were used to infect newborn kunming (km) mice and newborn wistar rats. in km mice, there was no statistic difference between the death rate with cgrn9415 and that with l99, while 76-118 killed all mice even at low dosage; cgrn9415 killed all infected rats like l99 at the dosage of 105 ffu while no death occurred i ...201222258864
Migration of norway rats resulted in the worldwide distribution of seoul hantavirus today.Despite the worldwide distribution, most of the known Seoul viruses (SEOV) are closely related to each other. In this study, the M and the S segment sequences of SEOV were recovered from 130 lung tissue samples (mostly of Norway rats) and from six patient serum samples by reverse transcription-PCR. Genetic analysis revealed that all sequences belong to SEOV and represent 136 novel strains. Phylogenetic analysis of all available M and S segment sequences of SEOV, including 136 novel Chinese strai ...201222090114
Immunogenic epitopes of Hantaviruses' N protein are restricted to conserved regions.The Bunyaviridae virus family is composed by five genera, of which the Hantavirus genus is one of the most important representatives. Occasionally, these viruses can be transmitted to humans, giving rise to severe diseases that present high mortality rates. We analyzed the amino acid sequences of the nucleocapsid (N) proteins of 34 different hantaviruses to investigate the potential mechanisms involved in immunogenicity against hantaviruses. Immunogenic epitopes described in the literature throu ...201222201821
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