Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| understanding structural/functional properties of amidase from rhodococcus erythropolis by computational approaches. | the 3d structure of the amidase from rhodococcus erythropolis (ec 3.5.1.4) built by homology-based modeling is presented. propionamide and acetamide are docked to the amidase. the reaction models were used to characterize the explicit enzymatic reaction. the calculated free energy barrier at b3lyp/6-31g* level of model a (ser194 + propionamide) is 19.72 kcal mol(-1) in gas (6.47 kcal mol(-1) in solution), and of model b (ser194 + gly193 + propionamide) is 18.71 kcal mol(-1) in gas (4.57 kcal mol ... | 2009 | 19085025 |
| phenotypic and molecular typing of tuberculous and nontuberculous mycobacterium species from slaughtered pigs in egypt. | a total of 745 slaughtered pigs were examined during routine meat inspection for suspected tuberculous lesions. specimens from suspected lesions were collected for conventional mycobacteriologic examinations. suspected mycobacterial colonies were subjected to molecular typing based on the mycobacterium species-specific intergenic spacer (igs) target. the study resulted in detection of suspected lesions in 110 (14.8%) carcasses, from which only 67 specimens produced suspected mycobacterial coloni ... | 2009 | 19139500 |
| detection of virulent rhodococcus equi in exhaled air samples from naturally infected foals. | virulent rhodococcus equi causes pyogranulomatous bronchopneumonia in foals. the route of infection of foals has been considered to be inhalation of aerosolized bacteria from soil that is contaminated with equine feces. thus, disease caused by r. equi has been regarded as an opportunistic infection of environmental origin and not a contagious disease. in this study, we report the exhalation of virulent r. equi from the respiratory tract of naturally infected foals. a handheld air-monitoring syst ... | 2009 | 19144811 |
| structural characterization and surface-active properties of a succinoyl trehalose lipid produced by rhodococcus sp. sd-74. | succinoyl trehalose lipids (stls) are promising glycolipid biosurfactants produced from n-alkanes by rhodococcus sp. these compounds show not only unique interfacial properties but also versatile biochemical actions. in this study, we determined for the first time the complete structure of the main component, namely stl-1, based on nmr, maldi-tof/ms and gc-ms analyses. the present stl-1 produced from n-hexadecane was identified as 3,4-di-o-alkanoyl-2-o-succinoyl-alpha-d-glucopyranosyl-2'-o-succi ... | 2009 | 19145064 |
| cell wall adaptations of planktonic and biofilm rhodococcus erythropolis cells to growth on c5 to c16 n-alkane hydrocarbons. | rhodococcus erythropolis was found to utilize c5 to c16 n-alkane hydrocarbons as sole source of carbon and energy when growing as planktonic or biofilm cells attached to polystyrene surfaces. growth rates on even numbered were two- to threefold increased relatively to odd-numbered n-alkanes and depended on the chain length of the n-alkanes. c10-, c12-, c14-, and c16-n-alkanes gave rise to two- to fourfold increased maximal growth rates relative to c5- to c9-hydrocarbons. in reaction to the extre ... | 2009 | 19096838 |
| 2-aminobenzothiazole degradation by free and ca-alginate immobilized cells of rhodococcus rhodochrous. | 2-aminobenzothiazole (abt) degradation was investigated using free and immobilized systems during photodegradation under solar light in the presence of fe(iii)-nitrilotriacetic acid (fenta), biodegradation by rhodococcus rhodochrous, and during combined conditions. ca-alginate hydrogel was chosen as a model matrix and some complementary studies were required to characterize this new system. r. rhodochrous metabolism in this type of environment was monitored by nmr spectroscopy. neither change in ... | 2009 | 19103458 |
| foal monocyte-derived dendritic cells become activated upon rhodococcus equi infection. | susceptibility of foals to rhodococcus equi pneumonia is exclusive to the first few months of life. the objective of this study was to investigate the immediate immunologic response of foal and adult horse antigen-presenting cells (apcs) upon infection with r. equi. we measured the activation of the antigen-presenting major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class ii molecule, costimulatory molecules cd40 and cd86, the cytokine interleukin-12 (il-12), and the transcriptional factor interferon regu ... | 2009 | 19109450 |
| an integrated genomics approach to define niche establishment by rhodococcus fascians. | rhodococcus fascians is a gram-positive phytopathogen that induces shooty hyperplasia on its hosts through the secretion of cytokinins. global transcriptomics using microarrays combined with profiling of primary metabolites on infected arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) plants revealed that this actinomycete modulated pathways to convert its host into a niche. the transcript data demonstrated that r. fascians leaves a very characteristic mark on arabidopsis with a pronounced cytokinin response i ... | 2009 | 19118125 |
| eternal youth, the fate of developing arabidopsis leaves upon rhodococcus fascians infection. | the phytopathogenic actinomycete rhodococcus fascians induces neoplastic shooty outgrowths on infected hosts. upon r. fascians infection of arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana), leaves are formed with small narrow lamina and serrated margins. these symptomatic leaves exhibit reduced tissue differentiation, display more but smaller cells that do not endoreduplicate, and accumulate in the g1 phase of the cell cycle. together, these features imply that leaf growth occurs primarily through mitotic cel ... | 2009 | 19118126 |
| sulfonate desulfurization in rhodococcus from wheat rhizosphere communities. | organically bound sulfur makes up about 90% of the total sulfur in soils, with sulfonates often the dominant fraction. actinobacteria affiliated to the genus rhodococcus were able to desulfonate arylsulfonates in wheat rhizospheres from the broadbalk long-term field wheat experiment, which includes plots treated with inorganic fertilizer with and without sulfate, with farmyard manure, and unfertilized plots. direct isolation of desulfonating rhizobacteria yielded rhodococcus strains which grew w ... | 2009 | 19120463 |
| metabolites from the biodegradation of 1,6-hexanediol dibenzoate, a potential green plasticizer, by rhodococcus rhodochrous. | metabolites from the biodegradation of a potential plasticizer 1,6-hexanediol dibenzoate in the presence of n-hexadecane as a co-substrate by the common soil organism rhodococcus rhodochrous were identified using gc/ms and fourier transform mass spectroscopy (ftms) techniques. trimethylsilylation of compounds from the biodegradation broth permitted detection of the following metabolites: 1-hexadecyl benzoate, 6-benzoyloxyhexanoic acid, 4-benzoyloxybutanoic acid, 6-benzoyloxyhexan-1-ol and benzoi ... | 2009 | 19125399 |
| genes involved in arsenic transformation and resistance associated with different levels of arsenic-contaminated soils. | arsenic is known as a toxic metalloid, which primarily exists in inorganic form [as(iii) and as(v)] and can be transformed by microbial redox processes in the natural environment. as(iii) is much more toxic and mobile than as(v), hence microbial arsenic redox transformation has a major impact on arsenic toxicity and mobility which can greatly influence the human health. our main purpose was to investigate the distribution and diversity of microbial arsenite-resistant species in three different a ... | 2009 | 19128515 |
| identification of rhodococcus fascians cytokinins and their modus operandi to reshape the plant. | decades ago, the importance of cytokinins (cks) during rhodococcus fascians pathology had been acknowledged, and an isopentenyltransferase gene had been characterized in the fas operon of the linear virulence plasmid, but hitherto, no specific ck(s) could be associated with virulence. we show that the ck receptors ahk3 and ahk4 of arabidopsis thaliana are essential for symptom development, and that the ck perception machinery is induced upon infection, underlining its central role in the symptom ... | 2009 | 19129491 |
| identification and genetic characterization of phenol-degrading bacteria from leaf microbial communities. | microbial communities on aerial plant leaves may contribute to the degradation of organic air pollutants such as phenol. epiphytic bacteria capable of phenol degradation were isolated from the leaves of green ash trees grown at a site rich in airborne pollutants. bacteria from these communities were subjected, in parallel, to serial enrichments with increasing concentrations of phenol and to direct plating followed by a colony autoradiography screen in the presence of radiolabeled phenol. ten is ... | 2009 | 19034559 |
| biodegradation of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (picric acid) in a biological aerated filter (baf). | this study demonstrated the microbial purification of a model wastewater containing 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (tnp), which was carried out in a continuously working biological aerated filter (baf). the main emphasis was on the operating performance of the reactor as a function of the pollution load. tnp was degraded at a maximum volumetric removal rate of 2.53gtnp/ld, with low residual cod and tnp concentration. overloading of tnp inhibited the nitrite-oxidizing activity, resulting in poor tnp degrad ... | 2009 | 19036580 |
| microbial nitrilases: versatile, spiral forming, industrial enzymes. | the nitrilases are enzymes that convert nitriles to the corresponding acid and ammonia. they are members of a superfamily, which includes amidases and occur in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. the superfamily is characterized by having a homodimeric building block with a alpha beta beta alpha-alpha beta beta alpha sandwich fold and an active site containing four positionally conserved residues: cys, glu, glu and lys. their high chemical specificity and frequent enantioselectivity makes them attr ... | 2009 | 19040702 |
| bioaugmentation with butane-utilizing microorganisms to promote in situ cometabolic treatment of 1,1,1-trichloroethane and 1,1-dichloroethene. | a field study was performed to evaluate the potential for in-situ aerobic cometabolism of 1,1,1-trichloroethane (1,1,1-tca) through bioaugmentation with a butane enrichment culture containing predominantly two rhodococcus sp. strains named 179bp and 183bp that could cometabolize 1,1,1-tca and 1,1-dicholoroethene (1,1-dce). batch tests indicated that 1,1-dce was more rapidly transformed than 1,1,1-tca by both strains with 183bp being the most effective organism. this second in a series of bioaugm ... | 2009 | 19022526 |
| isolation and properties of a 2-chlorovinylarsonic acid-degrading microorganism. | 2-chlorovinylarsonic acid (cvaoa) is a stable abiotic metabolite of lewisite 1 that has been identified in lewisite dumps. there have been no reports of microbial degradation of cvaoa, so we isolated and examined cvaoa-degrading microorganisms. cvaoa contains arsine, which is toxic to microbial growth. we therefore used the simple organic chemical, ethylene, as a sole carbon source in initial screening for suitable microbes. we isolated several microorganisms from sewage sludge and soil. two str ... | 2009 | 19022568 |
| actinobacterial diversity from marine sediments collected in mexico. | seventeen different media known to support the growth and isolation of members of the class actinobacteria were evaluated as selective isolation media for the recovery of this microbial group from marine sediments samples collected in the gulf of california and the gulf of mexico. a general selective isolation procedure was employed for six sediments and nearly 300 actinomycetes were recovered from the selective isolation plates. full 16s rrna gene sequencing revealed that the isolates belonged ... | 2009 | 19023674 |
| age-related changes in cytokine expression by neutrophils of foals stimulated with virulent rhodococcus equi in vitro. | although evidence exists that neutrophils play a vital role in resistance to infection with rhodococcus equi, the means by which neutrophils exert their effects have not been clearly defined. in the present study we evaluated differences in cytokine expression by unstimulated and r. equi-stimulated neutrophils obtained from newborn foals and subsequently at 2-, 4-, and 8-weeks of age. stimulation with virulent r. equi induced significantly (p<0.05) greater expression of ifngamma, tnfalpha, il-6, ... | 2009 | 19026456 |
| basal and stimulus-induced cytokine expression is selectively impaired in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of newborn foals. | neonates are thought to be generally deficient in production of th-1-associated cytokines at birth, and thereby more susceptible to bacterial infections. using neonatal foals as a model, this study examined the age-dependent maturation of both basal and stimulus-induced immune responses, as reflected by the expression of a panel of th-1-associated and pro-inflammatory cytokines. results showed that although the basal production of ifn-gamma and il-6 was impaired (p<0.05) in pbmcs of neonatal foa ... | 2009 | 19056444 |
| biotransformations of 2-methylisoborneol by camphor-degrading bacteria. | many camphor-degrading bacteria that are able to transform 2-methylisoborneol (2-mib) have been identified. three of these strains have been examined in detail. rhodococcus ruber t1 metabolizes camphor through 6-hydroxycamphor but converts 2-mib to 3-hydroxy-2-mib. pseudomonas putida g1, which metabolizes camphor through 5-hydroxycamphor, converts mib primarily to 6-hydroxy-2-mib. rhodococcus wratislaviensis dlc-cam converts 2-mib through 5-hydroxy-2-mib to 5-keto-2-mib. together, these three st ... | 2009 | 19060161 |
| rhodococcus equi pulmonary-central nervous system syndrome: brain abscess in a patient on high-dose steroids--a case report and review of the literature. | rhodococcus equi has emerged as an opportunistic pathogen usually causing necrotizing pneumonia in immunosuppressed patients but has been found increasingly in extrapulmonary sites. we report the 1st case of r. equi brain abscess in a patient receiving corticosteroid monotherapy and review the literature for risk factors and sites of infection. | 2009 | 19073303 |
| interactions of a bacterial biosurfactant trehalose lipid with phosphatidylserine membranes. | trehalose lipids are biosurfactants produced by rhodococci that, in addition to their well known potential industrial and environmental uses, are gaining interest in their use as therapeutic agents. the study of the interaction of biosurfactants with membranes is important in order to understand the molecular mechanism of their biological actions. in this work we look into the interactions of a bacterial trehalose lipid produced by rhodococcus sp. with dimyristoylphosphatidylserine membranes by ... | 2009 | 19046957 |
| activation of peripheral blood monocytes results in more robust production of il-10 in neonatal foals compared to adult horses. | foals are particularly vulnerable to infection by rhodococcus equi during the first 2 weeks of life whereas mature horses are not. while an innate immunodeficiency likely accounts for this clinically relevant vulnerability, the factors that contribute to infection by r. equi have not been fully elucidated. in this study, we demonstrate that cells of the monocyte lineage, including monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells, that have been activated with lps and ifn-gamma, respond with a statist ... | 2009 | 18976818 |
| isolation of rhodococcus sp. strain ecu0066, a new sulfide monooxygenase-producing strain for asymmetric sulfoxidation. | a new and efficient sulfide monooxygenase-producing strain, ecu0066, was isolated and identified as a rhodococcus sp. that could transform phenylmethyl sulfide (pms) to (s)-sulfoxide with 99% enantiomeric excess via two steps of enantioselective oxidations. its enzyme activity could be effectively induced by adding pms or phenylmethyl sulfoxide (pmso) directly to a rich medium at the early log phase (6 h) of fermentation, resulting in over 10-times-higher production of the enzyme. this bacterial ... | 2009 | 18836022 |
| biodegradation potential of the genus rhodococcus. | a large number of aromatic compounds and organic nitriles, the two groups of compounds covered in this review, are intermediates, products, by-products or waste products of the chemical and pharmaceutical industries, agriculture and the processing of fossil fuels. the majority of these synthetic substances (xenobiotics) are toxic and their release and accumulation in the environment pose a serious threat to living organisms. bioremediation using various bacterial strains of the genus rhodococcus ... | 2009 | 18789530 |
| nitrile-inducible gene expression in mycobacteria. | the ability to ectopically control gene expression is a fundamental tool for the study of bacterial physiology and pathogenesis. while many efficient inducible expression systems are available for gram-negative bacteria, few are useful in phylogenetically distant organisms, such as mycobacteria. we have adapted a highly-inducible regulon of rhodococcus rhodochrous to artificially regulate gene expression in both rapidly-growing environmental mycobacteria and slow-growing pathogens, such as mycob ... | 2009 | 18801704 |
| biodegradation of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol by rhodococcus sp. isolated from a picric acid-contaminated soil. | a picric acid-degrading bacterium, strain njust16, was isolated from a soil contaminated by picric acid and identified as a member of rhodococcus sp. based on 16s rrna sequence. the degradation assays suggested that the strain njust16 could utilize picric acid as the sole source of carbon, nitrogen and energy. the isolate grew optimally at 30 degrees c and initial ph 7.0-7.5 in the mineral salts medium supplemented with picric acid. it was basically consistent with degradation of picric acid by ... | 2009 | 18762376 |
| dbt degradation enhancement by decorating rhodococcus erythropolis igst8 with magnetic fe3o4 nanoparticles. | biodesulfurization (bds) of dibenzothiophene (dbt) was carried out by rhodococcus erythropolis igst8 decorated with magnetic fe3o4 nanoparticles, synthesized in-house by a chemical method, with an average size of 45-50 nm, in order to facilitate the post-reaction separation of the bacteria from the reaction mixture. scanning electron microscopy (sem) showed that the magnetic nanoparticles substantially coated the surfaces of the bacteria. it was found that the decorated cells had a 56% higher db ... | 2009 | 19012265 |
| cytokine expression by neutrophils of adult horses stimulated with virulent and avirulent rhodococcus equi in vitro. | rhodococcus equi is an intracellular pathogen of macrophages that causes rhodococcal pneumonia in foals and immunocompromised people. evidence exists that neutrophils play a vital role in resistance to infection with r. equi; however, the means by which neutrophils exert their effects have not been clearly defined. in addition to directly killing bacteria, neutrophils also may exert a protective effect by linking innate and adaptive immune responses. in the present study we evaluated the cytokin ... | 2009 | 19019457 |
| proteomic analysis and immunogenicity of secreted proteins from rhodococcus equi atcc 33701. | rhodococcus equi is one of the most important causes of mortality in foals between 1 and 6 months of age. although rare, infection also occurs in a variety of other mammals including humans, often following immunosuppression of various causes. secreted proteins are known to mediate important pathogen-host interactions and consequently are favored candidates for vaccine development as they are the most easily accessible microbial antigens to the immune system. here, we describe the results of a p ... | 2009 | 19019579 |
| the titanium binding protein of rhodococcus ruber gin1 (ncimb 40340) is a cell-surface homolog of the cytosolic enzyme dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase. | rhodococcus ruber gin1 (formally rh. strain gin1) was previously isolated on the basis of its strong adherence to coal fly ash (cfa) and titanium dioxide particles from cfa sedimentation ponds of an electrical power plant in israel. the interaction of the bacterium with oxides has been shown to be mediated by a cell surface protein designated tibp (titanium binding protein) involving primarily strong, non-electrostatic forces. in this work, we set forward to identify this unique exocellular prot ... | 2009 | 18956442 |
| the gaf-like-domain-containing transcriptional regulator dfdr is a sensor protein for dibenzofuran and several hydrophobic aromatic compounds. | dibenzofuran (df) is one of the dioxin carbon skeletal compounds used as a model to study the microbial degradation of dioxins. this study analyzed the transcriptional regulation of the df dioxygenase genes dfda1 to dfda4 in the df-utilizing actinomycetes rhodococcus sp. strain yk2 and terrabacter sp. strain yk3. an open reading frame designated dfdr was detected downstream of the dfdc genes. the c-terminal part of the dfdr amino acid sequence has high levels of similarity to several luxr-type d ... | 2009 | 18952799 |
| tsukamurella: a cause of catheter-related bloodstream infections. | tsukamurellae are strictly aerobic gram-positive rods that can be easily misidentified as corynebacterium species, rhodococcus species, nocardia species, mycobacterium species, or other gram-positive aerobic rods. they have been uncommonly reported as a cause of different human infections, including bloodstream infections. we describe 2 new cases of catheter-related bloodstream infections (cr-bsi) caused by tsukamurella species and review 12 similar cases reported in the literature. conventional ... | 2009 | 18810513 |
| trichloroethylene cometabolic degradation by rhodococcus sp. l4 induced with plant essential oils. | cometabolic degradation of tce by toluene-degrading bacteria has the potential for being a cost-effective bioremediation technology. however, the application of toluene may pose environmental problems. in this study, several plant essential oils and their components were examined as alternative inducer for tce cometabolic degradation in a toluene-degrading bacterium, rhodococcus sp. l4. using the initial tce concentration of 80 microm, lemon and lemongrass oil-grown cells were capable of 20 +/- ... | 2009 | 18846429 |
| biodegradation of p-nitrophenol by rhodococcus sp. cn6 with high cell surface hydrophobicity. | rhodococcus sp. cn6, isolated from a pesticide industry's effluent-sediment, was able to completely degrade and utilize 100mg/l p-nitrophenol (pnp) as the sole carbon, nitrogen and energy sources for growth in the minimal salt media (msm) within 12h. to study the applicability of the strain for bioremediation of pnp, its degradation potential was examined in the presence of different supplemented carbon and nitrogen sources in msm with 100mg/l pnp. dextrin was experienced as the best supplemente ... | 2009 | 18718714 |
| unusual production of glutathione in actinobacteria. | most actinobacteria produce mycothiol as the major thiol. in addition to mycothiol rhodococcus ad45 generates a substantial level of glutathione possibly using genes acquired in a lateral transfer. instead of mycothiol, rubrobacter radiotolerans and rubrobacter xylanophilus produce glutathione, whose synthesis appears to involve enzymes substantially different from those in other organisms. | 2009 | 18719892 |
| role of surfactants in optimizing fluorene assimilation and intermediate formation by rhodococcus rhodochrous vkm b-2469. | biodegradation of fluorene by rhodococcus rhodochrous vkm b-2469 was investigated and optimized by adding non-ionic surfactants to the liquid media. the utilization of 1-1.5% tween 60 or 1% triton x100 allowed to solubilize 1 mm fluorene over 150 times more than in water medium (from 9-11 microm to above 1.5 mm at 28 degrees c). we observed that tween 60 was useful to enhance the fluorene biodegradation rates further supporting r. rhodochrous vkm b-2469 growth as an additional carbon source and ... | 2009 | 18723343 |
| biodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene by recombinant gordonia alkanivorans ripi90a. | the dszabc genes from newly reported dibenzothiophene biodesulfurizing bacterium, gordonia alkanivorans ripi90a were cloned and sequenced. the overall nucleotide sequence similarity between the dszabc genes of g. alkanivorans ripi90a and those of rhodococcus erythropolis igts8 and gordonia nitida were 83.1% and 83.2%, respectively. a gene transfer system for g. alkanivorans ripi90a was established employing the escherichia coli-rhodococcus shuttle vector prsg43 as suitable cloning vector, result ... | 2009 | 18653330 |
| efficacy of azithromycin in preventing pulmonary abscesses in foals. | the prophylactic application of azithromycin to prevent pulmonary abscesses in foals was evaluated on a stud with endemic rhodococcus equi pneumonia. forty-five foals served as untreated controls in two groups. twenty-five foals were given azithromycin (10mg/kg) orally once daily for 4 weeks. the foals were examined once a week from birth to the age of 5 months. if clinical signs or leucocytosis were noted and pulmonary sonographic findings (diameter >10 mm) were observed, the diagnosis of absce ... | 2009 | 18023599 |
| preparation of homogenous oligosaccharide chains from glycosphingolipids. | after the discovery of glycosphingolipid (gsl) glycan detaching enzymes, rhodococcal endoglycoceramidase (egcase) and leech ceramide glycanase (cgase), the method for enzymatically releasing glycans from gsls has become the method of choice for preparing intact ceramide-free oligosaccharide chains from gsls. this paper describes (1) the preparation of the intact oligosaccharides from gm1 (ii(3)neuacggose(4)cer) and gbose(4)cer as examples to show the use of cgase to prepare intact glycan chains ... | 2009 | 18415015 |
| gene cloning, overexpression, and characterization of the nitrilase from rhodococcus rhodochrous tg1-a6 in e. coli. | a dna fragment containing the entire coding sequence of nitrilase gene was amplified from rhodococcus rhodochrous tg1-a6 with high nitrilase activity using pcr and sequenced. the open reading frame of the nitrilase gene contains 1,101 base pairs, which encodes a putative polypeptide of 366 amino acid residues. the nitrilase gene was cloned into an expression vector pet-28a and expressed in an escherichia coli strain bl21(de3). the enzymatic activity of nitrilase, which converts various nitriles ... | 2010 | 18677653 |
| biotransformations of (+/-)-geosmin by terpene-degrading bacteria. | two terpene-degrading bacteria able to transform (+/-)-geosmin have been identified. pseudomonas sp. sbr3-tpnb, following growth on gamma-terpinene, converts (+/-)-geosmin to several products; the major products are ketogeosmins. rhodococcus wratislaviensis dlc-cam, isolated on d-camphor, also converts (+/-)-geosmin to several oxidation products, primarily ketogeosmins identical to those produced by strain sbr3-tpnb as well as hydroxygeosmins. this conversion appears to be inducible by (+/-)-geo ... | 2010 | 19578827 |
| transcriptional response of rhodococcus aetherivorans i24 to polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated sediments. | we used a microarray targeting 3,524 genes to assess the transcriptional response of the actinomycete rhodococcus aetherivorans i24 in minimal medium supplemented with various substrates (e.g., pcbs) and in both pcb-contaminated and non-contaminated sediment slurries. relative to the reference condition (minimal medium supplemented with glucose), 408 genes were upregulated in the various treatments. in medium and in sediment, pcbs elicited the upregulation of a common set of 100 genes, including ... | 2010 | 20369357 |
| rhodococcus equi infection in hiv-infected individuals: case reports and review of the literature. | rhodococcus equi is a gram-positive, coryneform bacterium that causes zoonotic infection mainly in horses and foals. it sometimes affects humans presenting as cavitary pneumonia. immunocompromised patients, including hiv-infected patients, are more susceptible to r. equi infection. we present 10 cases of r. equi infection in hiv-positive patients admitted to our institute from 1991 to june 2008. moreover, we have reviewed 272 cases of r. equi infection in hiv-infected persons, published from 198 ... | 2010 | 20377432 |
| culture-dependent and culture-independent diversity of actinobacteria associated with the marine sponge hymeniacidon perleve from the south china sea. | in this report, the diversity of actinobacteria associated with the marine sponge hymeniacidon perleve collected from a remote island of the south china sea was investigated employing classical cultivation and characterization, 16s rdna library construction, 16s rdna-restriction fragment length polymorphism (rdna-rflp) and phylogenetic analysis. a total of 184 strains were isolated using seven different media and 24 isolates were selected according to their morphological characteristics for phyl ... | 2010 | 20383659 |
| isothermal titration calorimetry - a new method for the quantification of microbial degradation of trace pollutants. | the environmental fate and, in particular, biodegradation rates of hydrophobic organic compounds (hoc) are of high interest due to the ubiquity, persistence, and potential health effects of these compounds. hoc tend to interact with bioreactor materials and sampling devices and are frequently volatile, so that conventionally derived degradation parameters are often biased. we report on the development and validation of a novel calorimetric approach that serves to gain real time information on th ... | 2010 | 20385177 |
| investigation of an apparent outbreak of rhodococcus equi bacteremia. | during january to april 2007, hospital staff reported 3 patients with rhodococcus equi bloodstream infections. isolates were analyzed at the centers for disease control and prevention, atlanta, ga, to confirm identification and to assess strain relatedness; 2 were r. equi but genetically distinct, and 1 was identified as gordonia polyisoprenivorans. rapid reference laboratory support prevented an unnecessary outbreak investigation. | 2010 | 20385352 |
| [effect of multi-generation culture on virulence of lecanicilliurn lecanii in different media]. | the strain no. v3.4504 of lecanicilliurn lecanii (zimmermann), an entomopathogenic fungus, was studied on the effect of successive multi-generation culture in seven different media on its colony growth characteristics, extracellular enzyme activities and the virulence against scale insects. | 2010 | 20387464 |
| [cloning and molecular organization of the polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase gene (phac) of ralstonia eutropha strain b5786]. | class i polyhydroxyalkanoic acid (pha) synthase gene (phac) of ralstonia eutropha strain b5786 was cloned and characterized. r. eutropha b5786 features the ability to synthesize multicomponent phas with short- and medium-chain-length monomers from simple carbohydrate substrate. a correlation was made between the molecular structure of pha synthase and substrate specificity and the ability of strain-producers to accumulate phas of this or that structure. a strong similarity of pha synthase of r. ... | 2010 | 20391757 |
| the effect of structure and a secondary carbon source on the microbial degradation of chlorophenoxy acids. | pseudomonas putida, aspergillus niger, bacillus subtilis, pseudomonas fluorescens, sphingomonas herbicidovorans and rhodococcus rhodochrous growing on glucose in a medium containing one of three chlorophenoxy acids at a concentration of 0.1 g l(-1) (clofibric acid, (r)-2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)propionic acid (mecoprop or mcpp) and 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (mcpa)) degraded these compounds to varying degrees; from nonmeasurable to almost complete removal. these results with the addit ... | 2010 | 20392474 |
| novel biosynthesis of (r)-ethyl-3-hydroxyglutarate with (r)-enantioselective hydrolysis of racemic ethyl 4-cyano-3-hydroxybutyate by rhodococcus erythropolis. | (r)-ethyl-3-hydroxyglutarate with highly optical purity (> or = 99%) can be used as a novel precursor for synthesis of chiral side chain of rosuvastatin. in this study, a novel synthesis route of (r)-ethyl-3-hydroxyglutarate by whole microorganism cells from racemic ethyl 4-cyano-3-hydroxybutyate was created. a strain zjb-0910 capable of transforming racemic beta-hydroxy aliphatic nitrile was isolated by employing a screening method based on a colorimetric reaction of co(2+) ion with ammonia, an ... | 2010 | 20393698 |
| biofilm formation in environmental bacteria is influenced by different macromolecules depending on genus and species. | the formation of biofilms by diverse bacteria isolated from contaminated soil and groundwater on model substrata with different surface properties was assessed in a multifactorial screen. diverse attachment phenotypes were observed as measured by crystal violet dye retention and confocal laser scanning microscopy (clsm). bulk measurements of cell hydrophobicity had little predictive ability in determining whether biofilms would develop on hydrophobic or hydrophilic substrata. therefore selected ... | 2010 | 20406292 |
| high-cell-density batch fermentation of rhodococcus opacus pd630 using a high glucose concentration for triacylglycerol production. | biodiesel, monoalkyl esters of long-chain fatty acids with short-chain alcohols derived from triacylglycerols (tags), can be produced from renewable biomass sources. recently, there has been interest in producing microbial oils from oleaginous microorganisms. rhodococcus opacus pd630 is known to accumulate large amounts of tags. following on these earlier works we demonstrate that r. opacus pd630 has the uncommon capacity to grow in defined media supplemented with glucose at a concentration of 3 ... | 2010 | 20412824 |
| genomic structure and promoter analysis of the dsz operon for dibenzothiophene biodesulfurization from gordonia alkanivorans ripi90a. | the bacterium gordonia alkanivorans ripi90a has been previously reported as dibenzothiophene-desulfurizing strain. the present study provides a complete investigation of the dsz operon including dsz promoter analysis from desulfurization competent strain belonging to the genus gordonia. pcr was used to amplify the dszabc genes and adaptor ligation-based pcr-walking strategy used to isolate the dsz promoter. unlike the dsz operon of rhodococcus erythropolis, the operon of ripi90a was located on c ... | 2010 | 20414649 |
| rhodococcus equi infection. | rhodococcus equi is a veterinary pathogen that can cause substantial morbidity in patients that are immunocompromised and are occupationally and recreationally exposed to farming, livestock, and dry soil environments. although the clinical spectrum of disease associated with r equi is broad, pulmonary involvement is a predominant feature in most cases. we present a case of occupationally acquired r equi pneumonia and mediastinal lymphadenitis in a patient that has had a renal transplant and is i ... | 2010 | 20417417 |
| improved expression of recombinant cytochrome p450 monooxygenase in escherichia coli for asymmetric oxidation of sulfides. | escherichia coli bl21 as production strain for the production of cytochrome p450 monooxygenase (p450smo) from rhodococcus sp. in high yields was developed. the expression was first optimized with a series of flask experiments testing several key parameters for their influence on the expression level and enzyme activity. the optimal process parameters found in the flask experiments were verified in a cultivation process in a 5-l bioreactor. glycerol proved to be superior over glucose as carbon so ... | 2010 | 20424864 |
| rhodococcus equi isolation from sputum of patients with suspected tuberculosis. | rhodococcus equi has emerged as an opportunistic pathogen associated with pulmonary, invasive or systemic infections in immunocompromised patients. we report the identification of 51 r. equi isolates found in sputum samples of 546 individuals suspected to have pulmonary tuberculosis in two public health hospital units in brazil. the epidemiology of r. equi infection as well as the phenotypic identification and drug susceptibility profile of isolates are described in this paper. | 2010 | 20428681 |
| structural analysis of thermostabilizing mutations of cocaine esterase. | cocaine is considered to be the most addictive of all substances of abuse and mediates its effects by inhibiting monoamine transporters, primarily the dopamine transporters. there are currently no small molecules that can be used to combat its toxic and addictive properties, in part because of the difficulty of developing compounds that inhibit cocaine binding without having intrinsic effects on dopamine transport. most of the effective cocaine inhibitors also display addictive properties. we ha ... | 2010 | 20436035 |
| characterization of the role of the pathogenicity island and vapg in the virulence of the intracellular actinomycete pathogen rhodococcus equi. | rhodococcus equi, a facultative intracellular pathogen of macrophages, causes severe, life-threatening pneumonia in young foals and in people with underlying immune deficiencies. r. equi virulence is dependent on the presence of a large virulence plasmid that houses a pathogenicity island (pai) encoding a novel family of surface-localized and secreted proteins of largely unknown function termed the virulence-associated proteins (vapacdefghi). to date, vapa and its positive regulators virr and or ... | 2010 | 20439471 |
| plasmid profiles and prevalence of intermediately virulent rhodococcus equi from pigs in nakhonpathom province, thailand: identification of a new variant of the 70-kb virulence plasmid, type 18. | the prevalence of intermediately virulent rhodococcus equi isolates from pig submaxillary lymph nodes from four slaughterhouses in nakhonpathom province, thailand, was investigated. the isolates were tested for the presence of virulence plasmids and the 20-kda virulence-associated protein antigen (vapb) gene by pcr. of the 734 submaxillary lymph nodes tested, 19 (2.6%) produced positive cultures of r. equi. all 19 isolates were positive for the vapb gene and contained virulence plasmids that wer ... | 2010 | 20445784 |
| a flavin-dependent monooxygenase from mycobacterium tuberculosis involved in cholesterol catabolism. | mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) and rhodococcus jostii rha1 have similar cholesterol catabolic pathways. this pathway contributes to the pathogenicity of mtb. the hsaab cholesterol catabolic genes have been predicted to encode the oxygenase and reductase, respectively, of a flavin-dependent mono-oxygenase that hydroxylates 3-hydroxy-9,10-seconandrost-1,3,5(10)-triene-9,17-dione (3-hsa) to a catechol. an hsaa deletion mutant of rha1 did not grow on cholesterol but transformed the latter to 3-hsa ... | 2010 | 20448045 |
| [rhodococcus equi pneumonia among patients with aids clinical features and treatment]. | to summarize the characteristics of clinical manifestation, chest radiology and microbiology of rhodococcus equi pneumonia among patients with aids. | 2010 | 20450780 |
| [peculiarities of surface-active trehalose mycolates synthesis of rhodococcus erythropolis ek-1]. | it has been established that activity of trehalosephosphate synthase (key enzyme of trehalosemycolates synthesis) under cultivation of rhodococcus erythropolis ek-1 on the medium with n-hexadecane was 10 times higher, and amount of synthesized surface-active substances 4 times higher as compared to the growing of ek-1 strain on ethanol. introduction of 0.2% of fumarate and 0.1% of citrate to the cultivation medium of r. erythropolis ek-1 with 2% of n-hexadecane, as well as 0.2% of fumarate to th ... | 2010 | 20455436 |
| enzymes responsible for metabolism of nα-benzyloxycarbonyl-l-lysine in microorganisms. | the present paper reviews the enzymes catalyzing conversion of nα-benzyloxycarbonyl-l-lysine (nα-z-l-lysine) to nα-benzyloxycarbonyl-l-aminoadipic acid (nα-z-l-aaa) in fungal and bacterial strains. aspergillus niger aku 3302 and rhodococcus sp. aiu z-35-1 converted nα-z-l-lysine to nα-z-l-aaa via nα-benzyloxycarbonyl-l-aminoadipate-δ-semialdehyde (nα-z-l-aasa). however, different enzyme combinations were involved in the nα-z-l-lysine metabolism of both strains. a. niger strain converted nα-z-l-l ... | 2010 | 20460177 |
| bacteria that masquerade as fungi: actinomycosis/nocardia. | the order actinomycetales includes phylogenetically diverse but morphologically similar aerobic and anaerobic bacteria that exhibit filamentous branching structures which fragment into bacillary or coccoid forms. the aerobic actinomyces are a large, diverse group of gram-positive bacteria including nocardia, gordona, tsukamurella, streptomyces, rhodococcus, streptomycetes, mycobacteria, and corynebacteria. the anaerobic genera of medical importance include actinomyces, arachnia, rothia, and bifi ... | 2010 | 20463251 |
| rhodococcus equi pneumonia in a patient with fludarabine-treated chronic lymphocytic leukemia and cd4-lymphopenia. | cavitary pneumonia caused by rhodococcus equi may occur in patients with defective cell-mediated immunity. prolonged cd4 lymphopenia may develop in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia who receive fludarabine. the authors report the first case of a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia who developed r equi pneumonia after fludarabine therapy. | 2010 | 20463575 |
| differentiation of glycosphingolipid-derived glycan structural isomers by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. | isolation and characterization of glycosphingolipids is of importance in many aspects of glycobiology, but is difficult to achieve due to the high degree of heterogeneity and isomerism present in these compounds. in this study, oligosaccharides obtained from non-acid glycosphingolipids by enzymatic digestion with endoglycoceramidase ii of rhodococcus sp. were analyzed by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry using graphitized carbon columns. resolution of isomeric oligo ... | 2010 | 20466655 |
| lawsonia intracellularis and virulent rhodococcus equi infection in a thoroughbred colt. | a 26-month-old thoroughbred colt with a 4-month history of continuous diarrhoea and weight loss was subject to necropsy examination. the small intestinal mucosa was thickened and this change particularly affected the terminal ileum. microscopical examination revealed multifocal epithelial hyperplasia, with multifocal granulomas and marked lymphocytic infiltration of the lamina propria. numerous gram-negative argyrophilic curved bacilli were observed within the cytoplasm of affected enterocytes. ... | 2010 | 20471028 |
| degradation of natural estrogen and identification of the metabolites produced by soil isolates of rhodococcus sp. and sphingomonas sp. | five bacterial strains capable of utilizing 17beta-estradiol (e2) and estrone (e1) were isolated from soil samples. using their morphological and physiological features and 16s rdna sequences, we classified these isolates into two groups: group a (rhodococcus sp. strains ed6, ed7, and ed10) and group b (sphingomonas sp. strains ed8 and ed9). all isolates used e2 and e1 as the sole carbon sources and showed high e1 and e2 degradation activities. in all strains, more than 50% of 0.8 mg of e1 or e2 ... | 2010 | 20471597 |
| cometabolic degradation of trichloroethene by rhodococcus sp. strain l4 immobilized on plant materials rich in essential oils. | the cometabolic degradation of trichloroethene (tce) by rhodococcus sp. l4 was limited by the loss of enzyme activity during tce transformation. this problem was overcome by repeated addition of inducing substrates, such as cumene, limonene, or cumin aldehyde, to the cells. alternatively, rhodococcus sp. l4 was immobilized on plant materials which contain those inducers in their essential oils. cumin seeds were the most suitable immobilizing material, and the immobilized cells tolerated up to 68 ... | 2010 | 20472723 |
| improved synthesis of (s)-1-phenyl-2-propanol in high concentration with coupled whole cells of rhodococcus erythropolis and bacillus subtilis on preparative scale. | bioreduction of 1-phenyl-2-propanone to prepare (s)-1-phenyl-2-propanol, a useful pharmaceutical intermediate, was performed with growing cells of rhodococcus erythropolis jx-021, giving 14 mm (1.9 g/l) product in 99% e.e. at 5 h in the catalysis of 15 mm substrate. the reduction stopped afterwards due to strong inhibition of substrate and formed product, a problem that is often encountered in biotransformation. while the substrate inhibition was solved by stepwise feeding, product inhibition wa ... | 2010 | 20490950 |
| [investigation of biotechnological strains of microorganisms for their hygienic standardization]. | by analyzing the findings and databases on the hygienic standardization of industrial microorganisms, the authors have improved a research program for industrial strains on substantiating their safe exposure levels in workplace and ambient airs. a shortened program is proposed to investigate gram-positive bacteria and nocardioformic actinomycetes (lactobacillus, micrococcus, propionibacterim, brevibacterim, rhodococcus), which have no negative effect. it is necessary to study gram-negative bacte ... | 2010 | 20491276 |
| immunotherapy for the prevention of myointimal hyperplasia after experimental balloon injury of the rat carotid artery. | we assessed the effect of novel immunotherapeutic heat-killed bacterial (actinomycetales) preparations on the development of myointimal hyperplasia (mih) in a rat carotid balloon trauma model and the effect on the immune response by measuring the expression of interferon gamma (ifn-gamma; (th1) and interleukin 4 (il-4; th2). there was a significant reduction (p < .001) in intima/media ratios (mean +/- sem) in the rats treated by immunomodulation (0.52 +/- 0.03 gordonia bronchialis, 0.60 +/- 0.03 ... | 2010 | 20498142 |
| mutant selection window and characterization of allelic diversity for ciprofloxacin-resistant mutants of rhodococcus equi. | the mutant prevention concentration (mpc) for ciprofloxacin was determined for two rhodococcus equi strains. the mpc for both strains was 32 mug/ml, which is above the peak serum concentration of ciprofloxacin obtainable by oral administration in humans. nine single nucleotide changes corresponding to eight amino acid substitutions in the quinolone resistance-determining regions of dna gyrase subunits a and b were characterized. only mutants with amino acid changes in ser-83 of gyra were highly ... | 2010 | 20498313 |
| real-time pcr detection of fe-type nitrile hydratase genes from environmental isolates suggests horizontal gene transfer between multiple genera. | nitriles are widespread in the environment as a result of biological and industrial activity. nitrile hydratases catalyse the hydration of nitriles to the corresponding amide and are often associated with amidases, which catalyze the conversion of amides to the corresponding acids. nitrile hydratases have potential as biocatalysts in bioremediation and biotransformation applications, and several successful examples demonstrate the advantages. in this work a real-time pcr assay was designed for t ... | 2010 | 20502965 |
| [filamentous "contaminants" in the mycobacteriology laboratory; their culture, identification and clinical significance]. | frequent "contaminants" detected during mycobacterial culture of decontaminated samples are bacteria of the order actinomycetales. these are usually bacteria classified as the family corynebacterineae, genera corynebacterium, dietzia, gordonia, nocardia, rhodococcus and tsukamurella. these bacteria frequently colonize the airways and, under certain circumstances, they may cause life-threatening diseases. in severely immunocompromised patients, they regularly cause life-threatening infections wit ... | 2010 | 20503156 |
| identification and characterization of genes involved in naphthalene degradation in rhodococcus opacus r7. | rhodococcus opacus r7 is a naphthalene-degrading microorganism which is also able to grow on o-xylene. this work describes the isolation and analysis of two new genomic regions in which genes involved in naphthalene (nar gene cluster) and salicylate (gen gene cluster) degradation are located. in the nar gene cluster we found: two genes encoding the large (naraa) and the small (narab) components of the naphthalene dioxygenase, three genes (rub1, rub2, rub1bis) encoding three rubredoxins, an orf ( ... | 2010 | 20195856 |
| effects of bovine milk lactoperoxidase system on some bacteria. | bovine lactoperoxidase (lpo) was purified from skimmed milk using amberlite cg-50-h+ resin, cm sephadex c-50 ion-exchange chromatography, and sephadex g-100 gel filtration chromatography. lactoperoxidase was purified 20.45-fold with a yield of 28.8%. purity of enzyme checked by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis method and a single band was observed. km was 0.25 mm at 20 degrees c, vmax value was 7.95 micromol/ml min at 20 degrees c (ph 6.0). antibacterial study was done ... | 2010 | 20198919 |
| contribution of extracellular polymeric substances on representative gram negative and gram positive bacterial deposition in porous media. | the significance of extracellular polymeric substances (eps) on cell transport and retained bacteria profiles in packed porous media (quartz sand) was examined by direct comparison of the overall deposition kinetics and retained profiles of untreated bacteria (with eps) versus those of treated cells (without eps) from the same cell type. four representative cell types, pseudomonas sp. qg6 (gram-negative, motile), mutant escherichia coli bl21 (gram-negative, nonmotile), bacillus subtilis (gram-po ... | 2010 | 20201559 |
| hydrolysis of benzonitrile herbicides by soil actinobacteria and metabolite toxicity. | the soil actinobacteria rhodococcus rhodochrous pa-34, rhodococcus sp. ndb 1165 and nocardia globerula nhb-2 grown in the presence of isobutyronitrile exhibited nitrilase activities towards benzonitrile (approx. 1.1-1.9 u mg(-1) dry cell weight). the resting cell suspensions eliminated benzonitrile and the benzonitrile analogues chloroxynil (3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxybenzonitrile), bromoxynil (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile) and ioxynil (3,5-diiodo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile) (0.5 mm each) from reacti ... | 2010 | 20204468 |
| trypanosoma cruzi: synergistic cytotoxicity of multiple amphipathic anti-microbial peptides to t. cruzi and potential bacterial hosts. | the parasite trypanasoma cruzi is responsible for chagas disease and its triatomine vector, rhodnius prolixus, has a symbiotic relationship with the soil bacterium, rhodococcus rhodnii. r. rhodnii that was previously genetically engineered to produce the anti-microbial peptide, cecropin a was co-infected with t. cruzi into r. prolixus resulting in clearance of the infectious t. cruzi in 65% of the vectors. similar anti-microbial peptides have been isolated elsewhere and were studied for differen ... | 2010 | 20206169 |
| biotransformation of amides to acids using a co-cross-linked enzyme aggregate of rhodococcus erythropolis amidase. | rhodococcus erythropolis amidase was expressed in escherichia coli cells. the crude amidase in the cell-free extract was immobilized using the cross-linked enzyme aggregate (clea) method. the crude amidase was mixed with bovine serum albumin and then precipitated with ammonium sulfate. the resultant precipitant was subsequently cross-linked with glutaraldehyde. scanning electron microscopy revealed that this co-clea had a ball-like shape of a diameter of approximately 1 micronm. this co-clea evi ... | 2010 | 20208436 |
| engineering cytochrome p450 monooxygenase cyp 116b3 for high dealkylation activity. | cytochrome p450 monooxygenase cyp116b3 from rhodococcus ruber catalyzes the dealkylation of 7-ethoxycoumarin and the hydroxylation of substituted and unsubstituted aromatics. however, since activities were quite low, a combination of site-specific mutagenesis and directed evolution was applied to produce 7800 variants of cyp116b3, which were screened via a newly developed high-throughput screening system based on the dealkylation of 7-ethoxycoumarin catalyzed by recombinant e. coli. the best mut ... | 2010 | 20213524 |
| identification of atypical rhodococcus-like clinical isolates as dietzia spp. by 16s rrna gene sequencing. | rhodococcus equi and dietzia spp. are closely related actinomycetes that show similar phenotypic properties. in humans, r. equi is an opportunistic pathogen associated with severe immunodeficiency. dietzia spp. are environmental bacteria that have been isolated recently from clinical material and are presumptively associated with human infections. during the last 5 years, 15 bacterial isolates from human clinical samples collected at the hospital marqués de valdecilla, santander, spain, were ide ... | 2010 | 20220156 |
| kinetic and structural studies on roles of the serine ligand and a strictly conserved tyrosine residue in nitrile hydratase. | nitrile hydratases (nhase), which catalyze the hydration of nitriles to amides, have an unusual fe(3+) or co(3+) center with two modified cys ligands: cysteine sulfininate (cys-so(2) (-)) and either cysteine sulfenic acid or cysteine sulfenate [cys-so(h)]. two catalytic mechanisms have been proposed. one is that the sulfenyl oxygen activates a water molecule, enabling nucleophilic attack on the nitrile carbon. the other is that the ser ligand ionizes the strictly conserved tyr, activating a wate ... | 2010 | 20221653 |
| identification of rhodococcus equi lipids recognized by host cytotoxic t lymphocytes. | immune adult horses have cd8(+) cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctls) that recognize and lyse rhodococcus equi-infected cells in an equine lymphocyte alloantigen (ela)-a [classical major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i]-unrestricted fashion. as protein antigens are mhc class i-restricted, the lack of restriction suggests that the bacterial antigens being recognized by the host are not proteins. the goals of this study were to test the hypothesis that these ctls recognize unique r. equi cell-wa ... | 2010 | 20299405 |
| expression of the avian-specific toll-like receptor 15 in chicken heterophils is mediated by gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, but not tlr agonists. | toll-like receptors (tlrs) are a critical component of the innate immune response of mammalian and avian species. while most mammalian tlrs have been well characterized, the chicken-specific tlr15 has not been extensively studied. we recently demonstrated that tlr15 is differentially expressed between salmonella-susceptible-and-resistant chickens, indicating a potential role in the innate immune response to infection with salmonella. the aim of the present study was to gain better insight into t ... | 2010 | 20303182 |
| recurrent rhodococcus gordoniae eyelid infection after combined septoplasty and blepharoplasty. | rhodococcus species are rare human pathogens. most cases of human infection have involved rhodococcus equi, a natural zoonotic pathogen causing pneumonia in young foals. the human population at risk mainly includes immunocompromised patients. infection of immunocompetent hosts has been rare, with less than 30 reported cases in the literature. the authors report a first case of recurrent rhodococcus gordoniae granulomatous lower eyelid infection that occurred after an immunocompetent 44-year-old ... | 2010 | 20305518 |
| identification of immunologically relevant genes in mare and foal dendritic cells responding to infection by rhodococcus equi. | rhodococcus equi is a facultative intracellular bacterial pathogen of horses; infected foals develop pyogranulomatous pneumonia, however adult horses are largely unaffected. r. equi infects and proliferates within host macrophages and dendritic cells (dcs). dcs initiate the appropriate adaptive immune response, thereby playing a critical role in determining the outcome of infection. our aim was to identify genes that are differentially expressed in r. equi infected monocyte-derived dcs (mddcs). ... | 2010 | 20334935 |
| cytochromes p450-mediated degradation of fuel oxygenates by environmental isolates. | the degradation of fuel oxygenates [methyl tert-butyl ether (mtbe), ethyl tert-butyl ether (etbe) and tert-amyl methyl ether (tame)] by rhodococcus ruber ifp 2001, rhodococcus zopfii ifp 2005 and gordonia sp. ifp 2009 (formerly mycobacterium sp.) isolated from different environments was compared. strains ifp 2001, ifp 2005 and ifp 2009 grew on etbe due in part to the activity of a cytochrome p450, cyp249. all of these strains were able to degrade etbe to tert-butyl alcohol and are harboring the ... | 2010 | 20337704 |
| site-directed mutagenesis enhances the activity of nadh-fmn oxidoreductase (dszd) activity of rhodococcus erythropolis. | microbial desulfurization is potentially an alternative process to chemical desulfurization of fossil fuels and their refined products. the dibenzothiophene desulfurizing system of rhodococcus erythropolis includes dszd which is an nadh-dependent fmn oxidoreductase with 192 residues that is responsible for supplying reducing equivalents in the form of fmnh(2) to monooxygenases, dsza and dszc. we performed amino acid sequence comparisons and structural predictions based on the crystal structure o ... | 2010 | 20349330 |
| benzylic and aryl hydroxylations of m-xylene by o-xylene dioxygenase from rhodococcus sp. strain dk17. | escherichia coli cells expressing rhodococcus dk17 o-xylene dioxygenase genes were used for bioconversion of m-xylene. gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the oxidation products detected 3-methylbenzylalcohol and 2,4-dimethylphenol in the ratio 9:1. molecular modeling suggests that o-xylene dioxygenase can hold xylene isomers at a kink region between alpha6 and alpha7 helices of the active site and alpha9 helix covers the substrates. m-xylene is unlikely to locate at the active site ... | 2010 | 20082074 |
| a thermally stable form of bacterial cocaine esterase: a potential therapeutic agent for treatment of cocaine abuse. | rhodococcal cocaine esterase (coce) is an attractive potential treatment for both cocaine overdose and cocaine addiction. coce directly degrades cocaine into inactive products, whereas traditional small-molecule approaches require blockade of the inhibitory action of cocaine on a diverse array of monoamine transporters and ion channels. the usefulness of wild-type (wt) cocaine esterase is hampered by its inactivation at 37 degrees c. herein, we characterize the most thermostable form of this enz ... | 2010 | 20086035 |
| biodegradation of pharmaceuticals by rhodococcus rhodochrous and aspergillus niger by co-metabolism. | this work investigated the possible fate of pharmaceuticals in the environment that are known to be resistant to biodegradation. a co-metabolism approach, adding a readily degradable carbon source, was used to study the biodegradation of some pharmaceuticals. the pharmaceuticals selected were all known to be micro pollutants and frequently used by humans. the microorganisms used primarily were rhodococcus rhodochrous, known to co-metabolize difficult to degrade hydrocarbons and aspergillus niger ... | 2010 | 20089297 |
| vaccination of mice with salmonella expressing vapa: mucosal and systemic th1 responses provide protection against rhodococcus equi infection. | conventional vaccines to prevent the pneumonia caused by rhodococcus equi have not been successful. we have recently demonstrated that immunization with salmonella enterica typhimurium expressing the vapa antigen protects mice against r. equi infection. we now report that oral vaccination of mice with this recombinant strain results in high and persistent fecal levels of antigen-specific iga, and specific proliferation of the spleen cells of immunized mice in response to the in vitro stimulation ... | 2010 | 20072623 |
| phylogenetic studies of nocardia species based on gyrb gene analyses. | phylogenetic analyses of 56 type species of nocardia were conducted using the partial nucleotide sequences of the gyrase b-encoding gene (gyrb). the interspecies similarities of the gyrb gene for the 56 type species were 82.4-99.9 %, which corresponded to 270-2 nt differences in the partial gene sequences of approximately 1200 nt. in comparison with phylogenetic relationships, gyrb gene sequence information was generally consistent with that of 16s rrna gene sequences with minor exceptions. howe ... | 2010 | 19833784 |
| involvement of a novel abc transporter and monoalkyl phthalate ester hydrolase in phthalate ester catabolism by rhodococcus jostii rha1. | phthalate esters (pes) are important environmental pollutants. while the biodegradation of the parent compound, phthalate (pth), is well characterized, the biodegradation of pes is not well understood. in particular, prior to this study, genes involved in the uptake and hydrolysis of these compounds were not conclusively identified. we found that rhodococcus jostii rha1 could grow on a variety of monoalkyl pes, including methyl, butyl, hexyl, and 2-ethylhexyl pths. strain rha1 could not grow on ... | 2010 | 20038686 |
| catechol 1,2-dioxygenase from the gram-positive rhodococcus opacus 1cp: quantitative structure/activity relationship and the crystal structures of native enzyme and catechols adducts. | the first crystallographic structures of a catechol 1,2-dioxygenase from a gram-positive bacterium rhodococcus opacus 1cp (rho 1,2-ctd), a fe(iii) ion containing enzyme specialized in the aerobic biodegradation of catechols, and its adducts with catechol, 3-methylcatechol, 4-methylcatechol, pyrogallol (benzene-1,2,3-triol), 3-chlorocatechol, 4-chlorocatechol, 3,5-dichlorocatechol, 4,5-dichlorocatechol and protocatechuate (3,4-dihydroxybenzoate) have been determined and analyzed. this study repre ... | 2010 | 20040374 |