Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction results from campylobacter jejuni ferritin. | the prokaryotic ferritin gene of campylobacter jejuni was overexpressed in escherichia coli under control of the bacteriophage t7 promoter and the protein (cj-ftn) purified. preliminary crystallization experiments have been performed using the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method with ammonium sulfate as the precipitant. diffraction studies show the crystals belong to the i432 space group (a = 151.52 a). structure solution by molecular replacement is in progress while crystal quality improvement ... | 1999 | 10089431 |
| spectrum and antimicrobial activity of alexomycin (pnu-82, 127), a peptide compound projected for use in animal health. | alexomycin (pnu-82, 127) is a thiopeptide antimicrobial complex intended for veterinary practice that belongs to a series of cyclic peptides produced by streptomyces arginensis. mics against selected routine and fastidious clinical isolates of animal and human origin were determined by broth microdilution or agar dilution reference methods. alexomycin was active against gram-positive pathogens such as oxacillin-susceptible and -resistant staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci ... | 1999 | 10092967 |
| the bspa locus of lactobacillus fermentum br11 encodes an l-cystine uptake system. | bspa is a basic surface-exposed protein from lactobacillus fermentum br11. sequence comparisons have shown that it is a member of family iii of the solute binding proteins. it is 89% identical to the collagen binding protein, cnb, from lactobacillus reuteri. compared with the database of escherichia coli proteins, bspa is most similar to the l-cystine binding protein fliy. to investigate the function of bspa, mutants depleted for bspa were generated by homologous recombination with a temperature ... | 1999 | 10094698 |
| mutational analysis of the vaca promoter provides insight into gene transcription in helicobacter pylori. | analysis of 12 helicobacter pylori promoters indicates the existence of a consensus -10 hexamer (tataat) but little conservation of -35 sequences. in this study, mutations in either the h. pylori vaca -10 region or the -35 region resulted in decreased vaca transcription and suggested that an extended -10 motif is utilized. thus, despite the lack of a -35 consensus sequence for h. pylori promoters, the -35 region plays a functional role in vaca transcription. | 1999 | 10094707 |
| the risk of guillain-barré syndrome following infection with campylobacter jejuni. | to estimate the incidence of guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) following campylobacter jejuni infection (ci) we studied three populations where outbreaks of ci had occurred involving an estimated 8000 cases. no case of gbs was detected in the 6 months following the outbreaks in the local populations. the point estimate for the risk of gbs following ci estimated in this study was 0 in 8000 (95% confidence interval 0-3). | 1999 | 10098780 |
| enteropathogenic bacteria in faecal swabs of young children fed on lactic acid-fermented cereal gruels. | the influence of consumption of a lactic acid-fermented cereal gruel togwa with ph < or = 4 on the presence of faecal enteric bacteria such as campylobacter, enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec:o157), enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec), salmonella and shigella was evaluated. under 5 years old healthy children listed in an ascending order of age were alternatively assigned and given either a lactic-acid fermented cereal gruel togwa (test diet) or an unfermented cereal gruel uji (contro ... | 1999 | 10098782 |
| serotypes and typability of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolated from poultry products. | campylobacter infection is one of the most common bacterial enteric pathogens. campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli infections are mostly food- and waterborne and especially poultry is often assumed to be an important source. the heat-stable serotyping system (the 'penner' scheme) was used to study the serotype distribution of c. jejuni and c. coli isolated from different food products of poultry origin sampled from retail outlets in denmark. a total of 156 isolates were serotyped, 85% of ... | 1999 | 10100900 |
| detection of cytolethal distending toxin activity and cdt genes in campylobacter spp. isolated from chicken carcasses. | this study was designed to determine whether isolates from chicken carcasses, the primary source of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in human infections, commonly carry the cdt genes and also whether active cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) is produced by these isolates. campylobacter spp. were isolated from all 91 fresh chicken carcasses purchased from local supermarkets. campylobacter spp. were identified on the basis of both biochemical and pcr tests. of the 105 isolates, 70 (67%) ... | 1999 | 10103243 |
| detection of small numbers of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli cells in environmental water, sewage, and food samples by a seminested pcr assay. | a rapid and sensitive assay was developed for detection of small numbers of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli cells in environmental water, sewage, and food samples. water and sewage samples were filtered, and the filters were enriched overnight in a nonselective medium. the enrichment cultures were prepared for pcr by a rapid and simple procedure consisting of centrifugation, proteinase k treatment, and boiling. a seminested pcr based on specific amplification of the intergenic sequen ... | 1999 | 10103261 |
| ganglioside gm1 mimicry in campylobacter strains from sporadic infections in the united states. | to determine whether gm1-like epitopes in campylobacter species are specific to o serotypes associated with guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) or whether they are frequent among random campylobacter isolates causing enteritis, 275 random enteritis-associated isolates of campylobacter jejuni were analyzed. to determine whether gm1-like epitopes in campylobacter species are specific to o serotypes associated with guillan-barre syndrome (gbs) or whether they are frequent among random campylobacter isola ... | 1999 | 10191221 |
| the clpb protein from campylobacter jejuni: molecular characterization of the encoding gene and antigenicity of the recombinant protein. | the clpb heat-shock protein is necessary for the survival of escherichia coli cells upon sudden increase of temperature. using a pcr-based genomic walking method, the nucleotide sequence of a clpb homolog from campylobacter jejuni was determined. the clpb gene encodes a protein of 857 amino acid (aa) residues, with a predicted molecular mass of 95.3kda. alignment of the deduced aa sequence with other known bacterial clpb proteins revealed overall identity from 47% (e. coli) to 61% (helicobacter ... | 1999 | 10196475 |
| serotyping of campylobacter jejuni based on heat-stable antigens: relevance, molecular basis and implications in pathogenesis. | 1999 | 10196742 | |
| intermittent shedding of thermophilic campylobacters by sheep at pasture. | the rates at which sheep on different types of pasture shed campylobacters in their faeces were measured over 12 months. overall, shedding of campylobacters at pasture was between a third and a half of the carriage rate (92%) of the intestines of sheep at slaughter. shedding was highest during saltmarsh grazing, followed by upland fell and farm grazing. the rate of shedding varied at different times of the year, with the highest rates (100%) coinciding with lambing, weaning, and movement onto ne ... | 1999 | 10196758 |
| morphological changes of synchronized campylobacter jejuni populations during growth in single phase liquid culture. | campylobacter jejuni strains demonstrate a variety of growth phase-linked distinct morphological forms when grown in liquid culture. the typical spiral form of the organism, evident during logarithmic phase, undergoes elongation during stationary phase before becoming coccoid via the formation of membrane blebs and budded forms in decline phase. cellular elongation and coccoid formation occurred despite the inhibition of protein synthesis and without a detectable change in the protein components ... | 1999 | 10196767 |
| identification of a gene encoding an immuno-reactive membrane protein from campylobacter jejuni. | a gene encoding a putative membrane protein has been identified from campylobacter jejuni nctc 11168 following an immuno-screen of a lambda zap ii genomic dna library with antiserum raised against glycine-extractable proteins. the nucleotide sequence of the entire genomic insert revealed six open reading frames, all but one of which have sequence homologues in the complete genome sequence of helicobacter pylori. the gene encoding the immuno-reactive protein was further identified by independent ... | 1999 | 10196775 |
| isolation of helicobacter pylori genes that modulate urease activity. | helicobacter pylori urease, a nickel-requiring metalloenzyme, hydrolyzes urea to nh3 and co2. we sought to identify h. pylori genes that modulate urease activity by constructing php8080, a plasmid which encodes both h. pylori urease and the nixa nickel transporter. escherichia coli se5000 and dh5alpha transformed with php8080 resulted in a high-level urease producer and a low-level urease producer, respectively. an h. pylori dna library was cotransformed into se5000 (php8080) and dh5alpha (php80 ... | 1999 | 10198012 |
| campylobacter jejuni ii peritonitis in a ccpd patient: cure by oral clarithromycin. | 1999 | 10201350 | |
| actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans immunosuppressive protein is a member of the family of cytolethal distending toxins capable of causing a g2 arrest in human t cells. | we have previously shown that actinobacillus actinomycetecomitans produces an immunosuppressive factor (isf) capable of impairing human lymphocyte function by perturbing cell cycle progression. we now report that isf is the product of the cdtb gene, one of three genes encoding the family of cytolethal distending toxins (cdt). the isf polypeptide exhibits >/=95% identity with hemophilus ducreyi cdtb protein and </=60% homology with escherichia coli or campylobacter jejuni cdtb. pretreatment of ph ... | 1999 | 10202019 |
| predictive fluorescent amplified-fragment length polymorphism analysis of escherichia coli: high-resolution typing method with phylogenetic significance. | the fluorescent amplified-fragment length polymorphism (faflp) assay potentially amplifies a unique set of genome fragments from each bacterial clone. it uses stringently hybridizing primers which carry a fluorescent label. precise fragment sizing is achieved by the inclusion of an internal size standard in every lane. therefore, a unique genotype identifier(s) can be found in the form of fragments of precise size or sizes, and these can be generated reproducibly. in order to evaluate the potent ... | 1999 | 10203470 |
| serological discrimination of dogs infected with gastric helicobacter spp. and uninfected dogs. | characterization of the humoral immune responses of people to helicobacter pylori infection has facilitated the investigation of the host response to bacterial virulence factors and the development of sensitive and specific diagnostic tests. dogs are commonly infected with gastric helicobacter spp., but the presence of multiple helicobacter spp. and possible coinfection in individual dogs have complicated serological evaluation. evaluation of the antigenic homology of helicobacter spp. revealed ... | 1999 | 10203471 |
| cytolethal distending toxin genes in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates: detection and analysis by pcr. | campylobacter jejuni produces a toxin called cytolethal distending toxin (cdt). knowledge of the prevalence and homogeneity of campylobacter sp. cdt genes is incomplete. in this work, we identified four pcr primer pairs that collectively amplified cdt genes in all of the c. jejuni and campylobacter coli strains tested. restriction analyses of the cdt pcr products showed clear differences between the cdt genes of these two species, yet there were few heterogeneities noted between members of the s ... | 1999 | 10203548 |
| cloning, sequencing and molecular analysis of the campylobacter jejuni groesl bicistronic operon. | the groesl bicistronic operon from the enteric pathogen campylobacter jejuni was cloned and sequenced. it consists of two orfs encoding proteins with molecular masses of 9.5 and 57.9 kda, which showed a high degree of homology to other bacterial groes and groel proteins. northern blot analysis suggested that the groesl operon is transcribed as a bicistronic mrna, and its steady-state level was markedly increased after temperature upshift. by primer extension assay, one potential transcription st ... | 1999 | 10206714 |
| differentiation of campylobacter coli and c. jejuni by length and dna sequence of the 16s-23s rrna internal spacer region. | the internal spacer region (isr) between the 16s and 23s rrna genes of campylobacter was investigated by pcr fragment length typing and dna sequencing of clinical and chicken wild-type isolates. pcr fragment length typing showed one fragment of 859 nt in length for the 12 strains of campylobacter coli investigated. thirty-six of the campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni strains possessed one fragment, which varied in size between 727 and 802 nt. three strains showed two fragments between 501 and 92 ... | 1999 | 10206715 |
| the use of hipo, encoding benzoylglycine amidohydrolase (hippuricase), as a reporter of gene expression in campylobacter coli. | a novel integrative promoter probe vector which utilizes the campylobacter jejuni hipo gene as a reporter of gene expression was developed as a genetic tool in campylobacter coli. the utility of the system was demonstrated by coupling expression of the hipo reporter to the promoters of flaa, flab and kata. subsequently, expression of these genes could be monitored accurately from chromosomally-borne transcriptional fusions using a simple non-destructive colorimetric assay. the system should serv ... | 1999 | 10212441 |
| detection of gyra mutations among 335 pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated in japan and their susceptibilities to fluoroquinolones. | gyra point mutations in 335 clinical pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were examined mainly by nonisotopic single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis and direct sequencing. seven types of missense gyra mutations were observed in 70 of 335 strains (20.9%), and ciprofloxacin mics were > or = 3.13 micrograms/ml for 63 of 70 strains (90.0%). these included two double point mutations and three novel mutations (ala-67-->ser plus asp-87-->gly, ala-84-->pro, and gln-106-->leu). thr-83-->ile mutants ... | 1999 | 9925546 |
| human milk glycoconjugates that inhibit pathogens. | breast-fed infants have lower incidence of diarrhea, respiratory disease, and otitis media. the protection by human milk has long been attributed to the presence of secretory iga. however, human milk contains large numbers and amounts of complex carbohydrates, including glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosaminoglycans, mucins, and especially oligosaccharides. the oligosaccharides comprise the third most abundant solid constituent of human milk, and contain a myriad of structures. complex carbohydr ... | 1999 | 9927761 |
| detection of antibodies against campylobacter jejuni serogroup pen o:19 purified flagellar protein in a patient with guillain-barré syndrome. | c. jejuni serogroup pen o:19 was isolated from a stool specimen from a patient with guillain-barré syndrome (gbs). flagellar protein was isolated and purified from reference strain c. jejuni pen o:19, atcc 43,446, as well as from a homologous patient strain. antibodies against flagellar protein were detected by means of immunoblotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and tube agglutination test. the antibody titres were found to be directly correlated at the beginning and in the recove ... | 1999 | 10603661 |
| a phylogenomic study of dna repair genes, proteins, and processes. | the ability to recognize and repair abnormal dna structures is common to all forms of life. studies in a variety of species have identified an incredible diversity of dna repair pathways. documenting and characterizing the similarities and differences in repair between species has important value for understanding the origin and evolution of repair pathways as well as for improving our understanding of phenotypes affected by repair (e.g., mutation rates, lifespan, tumorigenesis, survival in extr ... | 1999 | 10606811 |
| dose response and organ invasion of day-of-hatch leghorn chicks by different isolates of campylobacter jejuni. | colonization of the ceca and organ invasion by different isolates of campylobacter jejuni were investigated in day-of-hatch leghorn chicks. this model of campylobacter colonization of the ceca demonstrates that 1) day-of-hatch birds do not naturally contain cecal campylobacter, 2) ceca can be colonized with c. jejuni by oral gavage and not by cloacal inoculation; 3) c. jejuni can be recovered from the ceca up until at least 7 days postinoculation, 4) cecal colonization occurs when as little as 1 ... | 1999 | 10611992 |
| severe guillain-barré syndrome associated with campylobacter jejuni infection. | 1999 | 10612373 | |
| pathophysiology of campylobacter jejuni infections of humans. | campylobacter jejuni and closely related organisms are major causes of human bacterial enteritis. these infections can lead to extraintestinal disease and severe long-term complications. of these, neurological damage, apparently due to the immune response of the host, is the most striking. this review examines current knowledge of the pathophysiology of the organism. diversity of c. jejuni isolates in genotypic and phenotypic characteristics now is recognized and clinically relevant examples are ... | 1999 | 10617934 |
| use of genomics to identify bacterial undecaprenyl pyrophosphate synthetase: cloning, expression, and characterization of the essential upps gene. | the prenyltransferase undecaprenyl pyrophosphate synthetase (di-trans,poly-cis-decaprenylcistransferase; ec 2.5.1.31) was purified from the soluble fraction of escherichia coli by tsk-deae, ceramic hydroxyapatite, tsk-ether, superdex 200, and heparin-actigel chromatography. the protein was labeled with the photolabile analogue of the farnesyl pyrophosphate analogue (e, e)-[1-3h]-(2-diazo-3-trifluoropropionyloxy)geranyl diphosphate and was detected on a sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel a ... | 1999 | 9882662 |
| motility of helicobacter pylori is coordinately regulated by the transcriptional activator flgr, an ntrc homolog. | sigma54 is the subunit of bacterial rna polymerase that transcribes from promoters with enhancer elements bound by enhancer-binding proteins. by computer searches of helicobacter pylori genomic sequences, chromosomal gene disruption, and rna analyses, we have identified sigma54-recognized promoters that regulate transcription of flagellar basal body and hook genes, as well as the enhancer-binding protein flgr (flagellum regulator), a transactivating protein of the ntrc family. we demonstrate tha ... | 1999 | 9882675 |
| the cytolethal distending toxin from the chancroid bacterium haemophilus ducreyi induces cell-cycle arrest in the g2 phase. | the potent cytolethal distending toxin produced by haemophilus ducreyi is a putative virulence factor in the pathogenesis of chancroid. we studied its action on eukaryotic cells, with the long-term goal of understanding the pathophysiology of the disease. intoxication of cultured human epithelial-like cells, human keratinocytes, and hamster fibroblasts was irreversible, and appeared as a gradual distention of three- to fivefold the size of control cells. organized actin assemblies appeared conco ... | 1999 | 9884340 |
| pcr-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection and identification of campylobacter species: application to isolates and stool samples. | we report a pcr-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay which identifies campylobacter species by capture hybridization of a single-stranded 16s rrna gene amplicon with species-specific probes in a microtiter plate format. specificities were confirmed for both reference and field strains, but the type strain of campylobacter coli was atypical. the assay was rapid, informative, and usable with stool-extracted dna. | 1999 | 9889235 |
| molecular epidemiology of campylobacter jejuni in broiler flocks using randomly amplified polymorphic dna-pcr and 23s rrna-pcr and role of litter in its transmission. | poultry has long been cited as a reservoir for campylobacter spp., and litter has been implicated as a vehicle in their transmission. chicks were raised on litter removed from a broiler house positive for campylobacter jejuni. litter was removed from the house on days 0, 3, and 9 after birds were removed for slaughter. chicks were raised on these three litters under controlled conditions in flocks of 25. none of these birds yielded c. jejuni in their cecal droppings through 7 weeks. two successi ... | 1999 | 9872787 |
| procedure for the investigation of bacterial genomes: random shot-gun cloning, sample sequencing and mutagenesis of campylobacter jejuni. | 1999 | 9894591 | |
| some emerging food and water borne pathogens. | emerging pathogens are those infective organisms whose incidence has recently increased or is likely to increase during the next two decades due to changes in demography, food habits, food technology, commerce, water sources and environmental factors. some important emerging food and water borne bacterial pathogens include listeria monocytogenes, campylobacter jejuni, yersinia enterocolitica, salmonella enteritidis, escherichia coli o157: h7, vibrio cholerae biotype e1 tor serotype 0139, vibrio ... | 1999 | 10810592 |
| efficacy and potential clinical applications of pentaglobin, an igm-enriched immunoglobulin concentrate suitable for intravenous infusion. | characterisation of the antibodies against important human pathogens in two immunoglobulin preparations: intraglobin f and igm-enriched pentaglobin. | 1999 | 10890227 |
| rifabutin prophylaxis against mycobacterium avium complex infections in hiv-infected patients: impact on the incidence of campylobacteriosis. | following the observation of the decreasing occurrence of campylobacteriosis in hiv-infected patients. this study examines the incidence of campylobacteriosis in patients who had received rifabutin prophylaxis against mycobacterium avium complex (mac) infection compared with the incidence observed among patients treated before the advent of rifabutin. a retrospective analysis (february 1992 to november 1995) was conducted in a hospital hiv inpatient unit. the study included two patient groups: 7 ... | 1999 | 10800525 |
| [septic abortion caused by campylobacter jejuni]. | 1999 | 10687427 | |
| [a case-control study on guillain-barre syndrome in children of north china]. | this study aimed at exploring the risk factors for guillain-barre syndrome (gbs). | 1999 | 11864491 |
| [the relationship between guillain-barre syndrome and serotypes of campylobacter jejuni isolated from the patients]. | to investigate the relationship between campylobacter jejuni (cj) serotype and the high incidence of guillain-barre syndrome (gbs) following cj enteritis in china. | 1999 | 11798680 |
| further increase in ciprofloxacin-resistant campylobacter jejuni/coli in styria, austria. | 1999 | 11856217 | |
| relationship between pathogenesis of guillain-barre syndrome and penner's serotypes of campylobacter jejuni. | to investigate the relationship between the pathogenesis of guillain-barre syndrome (gbs) and campylobacter jejuni (c. jejuni) in china. | 1999 | 11717947 |
| studies on enteric campylobacteriosis in tikur anbessa and ethio-swedish children's hospital, addis ababa, ethiopia. | between february 1992 and january 1993 different campylobacter spp. were isolated from 86 (13.7%) of 630 patients with diarrhoea at tikur anbessa and ethio-swedish children's hospital, addis ababa, ethiopia. in the same study population, shigella spp. were found in 11.7% and salmonella spp. in 3.8%. campylobacter spp. were found in all age groups, but the majority were isolated from children less than five years of age (68.6%). only 2 (0.9%) of 220 controls had campylobacter in their stools. of ... | 1999 | 11957308 |
| [acute diarrhea in children less than 3 years of age: enteropathogens isolated in patient's stools, compared with a control group] | objectives: to observe the occurrence of different etiological agents of acute diarrhea (ad) in stool specimens of patients and children in a control group. material and methods: 100 children less than three years of age with ad were studied as well as 100 controls, between november 1993 and may 1994. stool specimens were collected in both groups and the following enteropathogens were searched for: rotavirus, escherichia coli (epec, etec, eiec, ehec), salmonella sp, shigella sp, campylobacter je ... | 1999 | 14685548 |
| experimental infection of chickens with campylobacter jejuni: strains differ in their capacity to colonize the intestine. | groups of broiler and layer type chickens (25 to 63 d.o.) were inoculated per os with separate isolates of 10 strains of campylobacter jejuni. nine of the 10 strains were originally isolated from chickens and one from a dog. the dog strain and five of the chicken isolates could be isolated after inoculation, but four strains were not recovered from cloacal swabs for up to 4 to 16 days after inoculation. however, it was possible to isolate c. jejuni from these birds, from cloacal swabs, when they ... | 1999 | 16147549 |
| campylobacter vaccine development:a key to controlling enteric diseases. | worldwide, campylobacter jejuni is a major cause of diarrhoea and dysentery, with approximately 400 million cases occurring annually. control of the disease through public health and antibiotic measures is insufficient, and vaccination offers the most promising solution. infection produces immunity from disease, suggesting that vaccination may produce similar protection. epidemiological data suggest that there are conserved antigens among serotypes; immunity against which protects against diseas ... | 1999 | 15992066 |
| bacterial infections of the small intestine and colon. | enterotoxigenic escherichia coli, vibrio cholerae o1, campylobacter jejuni, salmonella species, and shigella species are major causes of morbidity and death in diarrheal disease. more recently recognized pathogens are v. cholerae o139 and enterohemorrhagic e. coli. in addition to this, several presumptive virulence factors have been identified in diarrheagenic e. coli and in other species. to confirm these as virulence factors we need good diagnostic tools and good epidemiological studies. these ... | 1999 | 17023917 |
| primary immunodeficiency diseases. report of an iuis scientific committee. international union of immunological societies. | 1999 | 10540200 | |
| antibiotic resistance: a current perspective. | 1999 | 10417485 | |
| food production and food safety. | 1999 | 10373179 | |
| times to detection of bacteria and yeasts in bactec 9240 blood culture bottles. | a 7-day incubation protocol was instituted with the bactec 9240 system for a 1-year period to determine the times to detection of clinically relevant organisms. a total of 23,686 blood and 693 sterile body fluid cultures were received; some cultures were held longer by special request. of 1,609 likely skin contaminants, 42 were recovered on day 5, 34 on day 6, 16 on day 7, and 5 on day 8. of 2,803 usual pathogens, 34 were recovered on day 5, 24 on day 6, 15 on day 7 and 1 on day 8. twenty-one of ... | 1999 | 10325369 |
| pharmacokinetics of gatifloxacin and interaction with an antacid containing aluminum and magnesium. | the pharmacokinetics of gatifloxacin (400 mg orally) and the influence of the antacid aluminum magnesium hydroxide (20 ml of maalox 70) on the bioavailability of gatifloxacin in 24 healthy volunteers were assessed. in an open, randomized, six-period crossover study, the volunteers received either gatifloxacin alone (treatments a and d); aluminum magnesium hydroxide concomitant with gatifloxacin (treatment c); or aluminum magnesium hydroxide 2 h before (treatment b), 2 h after (treatment e), or 4 ... | 1999 | 10223915 |
| probiotics and prebiotics: can regulating the activities of intestinal bacteria benefit health? | 1999 | 10195977 | |
| routine screening of children returning home from the tropics: retrospective study. | 1999 | 10189209 | |
| gram type-specific broad-range pcr amplification for rapid detection of 62 pathogenic bacteria. | broad-range pcr has proven to be useful for the detection of bacteria. a set of broad-range pcr primers directed against conserved regions in the 16s rrna gene was designed to specifically amplify either gram-positive or gram-negative bacteria. the gram type-specific broad-range pcr correctly classified all 62 pathogenic species tested. | 1999 | 9889245 |
| host-pathogen interactions: redefining the basic concepts of virulence and pathogenicity. | 1999 | 10417127 | |
| the use of gene clusters to infer functional coupling. | previously, we presented evidence that it is possible to predict functional coupling between genes based on conservation of gene clusters between genomes. with the rapid increase in the availability of prokaryotic sequence data, it has become possible to verify and apply the technique. in this paper, we extend our characterization of the parameters that determine the utility of the approach, and we generalize the approach in a way that supports detection of common classes of functionally coupled ... | 1999 | 10077608 |
| a recurrent general rna binding domain appended to plant methionyl-trna synthetase acts as a cis-acting cofactor for aminoacylation. | the cdna encoding rice methionyl-trna synthetase was isolated. the protein exhibited a c-terminal polypeptide appended to a classical metrs domain. this supplementary domain is related to endothelial monocyte activating polypeptide ii (emapii), a cytokine produced in mammals after cleavage of p43, a component of the multisynthetase complex. it is also related to arc1p and trbp111, two trna binding proteins. we expressed rice metrs and a derivative with a deletion of its emapii-like domain. band- ... | 2000 | 11118226 |
| the alpha/beta fold uracil dna glycosylases: a common origin with diverse fates. | uracil dna glycosylases (udgs) are major repair enzymes that protect dna from mutational damage caused by uracil incorporated as a result of a polymerase error or deamination of cytosine. four distinct families of udgs have been identified, which show very limited sequence similarity to each other, although two of them have been shown to possess the same structural fold. the structural and evolutionary relationships between the rest of the udgs remain uncertain. | 2000 | 11178247 |
| the global intrinsic curvature of archaeal and eubacterial genomes is mostly contained in their dinucleotide composition and is probably not an adaptation. | until now, the genomic dna of all eubacteria analyzed has been hyper-curved, its global intrinsic curvature being higher than that of a random sequence. in contrast, that rule failed for archaea or eukaryotes, which could be either hypo- or hyper-curved. the existence of the rule suggested that, at least for eubacteria, global intrinsic curvature is adaptive. however, the present results from analyzing 21 eubacterial and six archaeal genomes argue against adaptation. first, there are two eubacte ... | 2000 | 10871377 |
| multiplex pcr: optimization and application in diagnostic virology. | pcr has revolutionized the field of infectious disease diagnosis. to overcome the inherent disadvantage of cost and to improve the diagnostic capacity of the test, multiplex pcr, a variant of the test in which more than one target sequence is amplified using more than one pair of primers, has been developed. multiplex pcrs to detect viral, bacterial, and/or other infectious agents in one reaction tube have been described. early studies highlighted the obstacles that can jeopardize the production ... | 2000 | 11023957 |
| etiology and evaluation of diarrhea in aids:a global perspective at the millennium. | 2000 | 11819553 | |
| thermophilic campylobacter spp. in danish broiler production: a cross-sectional survey and a retrospective analysis of risk factors for occurrence in broiler flocks. | in order to elucidate the rate of thermophilic campylobacter spp. carriage in danish broiler production and to identify risk factors for occurrence of campylobacter in broiler flocks, a total of 88 randomly selected broiler flocks were tested for campylobacter infection, and a subsequent study of risk factors based on a questionnaire was conducted. the sample material comprised cloacal swabs from live birds before slaughter, and neck skin samples from carcasses at the end of the processing line. ... | 2000 | 19184798 |
| efflux-mediated resistance to fluoroquinolones in gram-negative bacteria. | 2000 | 10952561 | |
| therapeutic methods for diarrhea in children. | 2000 | 11819636 | |
| impact of antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy from 1972 to 1998. | 2000 | 10898668 | |
| correlations between antibody immune responses at different mucosal effector sites are controlled by antigen type and dosage. | monitoring specific secretory immunoglobulin a (iga) responses in the intestines after mucosal immunization or infection is impeded by the fact that sampling of small intestinal secretions requires invasive methods not feasible for routine diagnostics. since iga plasma cells generated after intragastric immunization are known to populate remote mucosal sites as well, secretory iga responses at other mucosal surfaces may correlate to those in the intestines and could serve as proxy measures for i ... | 2000 | 10858191 |
| a novel two-over-two alpha-helical sandwich fold is characteristic of the truncated hemoglobin family. | small hemoproteins displaying amino acid sequences 20-40 residues shorter than (non-)vertebrate hemoglobins (hbs) have recently been identified in several pathogenic and non-pathogenic unicellular organisms, and named 'truncated hemoglobins' (trhbs). they have been proposed to be involved not only in oxygen transport but also in other biological functions, such as protection against reactive nitrogen species, photosynthesis or to act as terminal oxidases. crystal structures of trhbs from the cil ... | 2000 | 10835341 |
| mics of mutacin b-ny266, nisin a, vancomycin, and oxacillin against bacterial pathogens. | peptide antibiotics, particularly lantibiotics, are good candidates for replacing antibiotics to which bacteria have become resistant. in order to compare two such lantibiotics with two antibiotics, the mics of nisin a, mutacin b-ny266, vancomycin, and oxacillin against various bacterial pathogens were determined. the results indicate that nisin a and mutacin b-ny266 are as active as vancomycin and oxacillin against most of the strains tested. furthermore, mutacin b-ny266 remains active against ... | 2000 | 10602718 |
| evaluation of a combination rapid immunoassay for detection of giardia and cryptosporidium antigens. | a combination cassette format nonenzymatic rapid immunoassay for detection of giardia and cryptosporidium antigens was evaluated by using 556 patient stool specimens from three clinical laboratories. this assay (genzyme diagnostics contrast giardia/cryptosporidium), which can be used with fresh or formalin-fixed specimens, had unadjusted sensitivities and specificities of 96.1 and 98.5% for giardia and 100 and 98.7% for cryptosporidium, respectively, in this study. | 2000 | 10618122 |
| pathogens and parasites: strategies and challenges. | the threat of emerging infections grows with the swelling tide of the human population and the continued disregard for the health of the environment. one of our most urgent challenges in public health is to understand the evolution and natural history of pathogens and parasites and how a sudden shift in virulence or in targeted host population may occur without warning. viruses call for especially close watching. they are mostly genes and have mastered the art of manipulating other genes. some a ... | 2000 | 16389321 |
| [some differences on biological characteristics of campylobacter jejuni]. | fecal samples from 195 diarrheic patients in different age, rectal and cloacal swabs from 656 normal and diarrheic animals and poultry, 108 visceral materials from the dead animals with diarrhoea were cultured for compylobacter jejuni. a total of 458 strains of campylobacters (445 strains of c. jejuni, 13 strains of c. coli) were isolated and identified, and some biological characteristics of these strains were observed. lior's biotyping scheme was used for biotyping 354 strains of campylobacter ... | 2000 | 12548753 |
| [study on the physicochemical properties of campylobacter jejuni enterotoxin]. | precipitate of campylobacter jejuni cytotonic enterotoxin(ce) performed in an 80% saturated solution of ammonium sulfateit indicated that there were some little molecular proteins except the 68 kd main band on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(sds-page), whereas the eluate from gm1 ganglioside affinity column chromatography exhibited only one 68 kd band on sds-page. the results suggest that ce mainly be consisted of 68 kd protein. the toxin is heat-labile, ph dependent an ... | 2000 | 12548883 |
| agglutination of helicobacter pylori coccoids by lectins. | aim:to study the agglutination pattern of helicobacter pylori coccoid andspiral forms.methods:assays of agglutination and agglu-tination inhibition were applied using fifteen commercial lectins.results:strong agglutination was observed with mannose specific concanavalin a(con a), fucose specific tetragonolobus purpureas(lotus a) and n-acetyl glucosamine-specific triticum vulgaris (wga) lectins. mannose and fucose specific lectins were reactive with all strains of h. pylori coccoids as compared t ... | 2000 | 11819557 |
| alterations in gastric mucin synthesis by helicobacter pylori. | 2000 | 11819633 | |
| towards understanding the first genome sequence of a crenarchaeon by genome annotation using clusters of orthologous groups of proteins (cogs). | standard archival sequence databases have not been designed as tools for genome annotation and are far from being optimal for this purpose. we used the database of clusters of orthologous groups of proteins (cogs) to reannotate the genomes of two archaea, aeropyrum pernix, the first member of the crenarchaea to be sequenced, and pyrococcus abyssi. | 2000 | 11178258 |
| evidence for symmetric chromosomal inversions around the replication origin in bacteria. | whole-genome comparisons can provide great insight into many aspects of biology. until recently, however, comparisons were mainly possible only between distantly related species. complete genome sequences are now becoming available from multiple sets of closely related strains or species. | 2000 | 11178265 |
| hla alleles in patients with guillain-barre syndrome. | to determine whether genetic factors may work in concert with autoimmune factors in the pathogenesis of guillain-barre syndrome (gbs). | 2000 | 11776098 |
| lipopolysaccharides in the development of the guillain-barré syndrome and miller fisher syndrome forms of acute inflammatory peripheral neuropathies. | guillain-barré syndrome (gbs), an acute inflammatory polyneuropathy, is preceded in most cases by an infectious illness, and campylobacter jejuni, a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis, is the most common antecedent to gbs and its ocular variant, miller fisher syndrome (mfs). o (penner) serotyping is considered to distinguish between c. jejuni strains based on differences in lipopolysaccharide (lps) structure. serotypes of c. jejuni uncommon in enteritis, such as serotype o:19 and o:41, have ... | 2000 | 11521055 |
| the genome sequence of the food-borne pathogen campylobacter jejuni reveals hypervariable sequences. | campylobacter jejuni, from the delta-epsilon group of proteobacteria, is a microaerophilic, gram-negative, flagellate, spiral bacterium-properties it shares with the related gastric pathogen helicobacter pylori. it is the leading cause of bacterial food-borne diarrhoeal disease throughout the world. in addition, infection with c. jejuni is the most frequent antecedent to a form of neuromuscular paralysis known as guillain-barré syndrome. here we report the genome sequence of c. jejuni nctc11168. ... | 2000 | 10688204 |
| a rapid dna isolation procedure for the identification of campylobacter jejuni by the polymerase chain reaction. | we have developed an efficient process for rapidly isolating campylobacter dna using mechanical disruption combined with the guanidine-based reagent dnazol. template dna was isolated by this method from cultures of campylobacter jejuni resistant to lysis by boiling or enzymes and identified following polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification using primers specific for the hippuricase gene. direct detection of campylobacters in poultry-processing samples by pcr is demonstrated in chicken carc ... | 2000 | 11123549 |
| another unusual type of citric acid cycle enzyme in helicobacter pylori: the malate:quinone oxidoreductase. | the only enzyme of the citric acid cycle for which no open reading frame (orf) was found in the helicobacter pylori genome is the nad-dependent malate dehydrogenase. here, it is shown that in this organism the oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate is catalyzed by a malate:quinone oxidoreductase (mqo). this flavin adenine dinucleotide-dependent membrane-associated enzyme donates electrons to quinones of the electron transfer chain. similar to succinate dehydrogenase, it is part of both the electron ... | 2000 | 10809701 |
| differences in genotypes of helicobacter pylori from different human populations. | dna motifs at several informative loci in more than 500 strains of helicobacter pylori from five continents were studied by pcr and sequencing to gain insights into the evolution of this gastric pathogen. five types of deletion, insertion, and substitution motifs were found at the right end of the h. pylori cag pathogenicity island. of the three most common motifs, type i predominated in spaniards, native peruvians, and guatemalan ladinos (mixed amerindian-european ancestry) and also in native a ... | 2000 | 10809702 |
| cramping pain and prolonged elevation of serum creatine kinase levels in a patient with guillain-barré syndrome following campylobacter jejuni enteritis. | we describe a patient with guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) following campylobacter jejuni enteritis, accompanied with severe cramping pain and a marked increase in serum creatine kinase (ck) levels. both conditions became evident three weeks after the onset of gbs and continued for longer than one month. in this patient, it is possible that rapid extensive denervation due to severe axonal degeneration of motor nerve terminals might have caused hyperexcitability in regional muscles, leading to recu ... | 2000 | 10809924 |
| antibody repertoire development in fetal and newborn piglets, iii. colonization of the gastrointestinal tract selectively diversifies the preimmune repertoire in mucosal lymphoid tissues. | changes in the vh-region repertoire of isolator piglets reared for 6 weeks under germ-free (gf) conditions and those colonized (col) with a defined exclusion flora on the 1st day of life were compared. although serum immunoglobulin levels were 20-100-fold higher in col piglets than gf piglets, an analysis of peripheral blood b cells (pbbs) indicated that: gf and col piglets used the same four vh genes and two dh segments during the 6-week period; proportional usage of vh genes and dh segments wa ... | 2000 | 10809967 |
| evaluation of a new commercial immunoassay for rapid detection of campylobacter jejuni in stool samples. | in order to evaluate a new commercial enzyme immunoassay (prospect campylobacter microplate assay; alexon-trend, usa) for the detection of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in stool samples, 30 faecal specimens known to be culture-positive for campylobacter jejuni were tested with the new assay. the detection limit was approximately 3 x 10(6)/ml in faecal suspensions. the sensitivity relative to culture was 80% (24/30). all of the 24 positive samples, except for one, remained positive ... | 2000 | 11117647 |
| a waterborne outbreak of small round structured virus, campylobacter and shigella co-infections in la neuveville, switzerland, 1998. | an outbreak of gastro-enteritis occurred in la neuveville, township with 3358 inhabitants. a retrospective cohort study of 1915 participants showed that 1607 (84%) had been ill. campylobacter jejuni was isolated from 28 patient faecal samples, shigella sonnei from 21 patients and small round structured viruses (srsv) from 6 patients. more than one pathogen was identified in eight persons. the epidemic curve was characteristic of a point-source outbreak. the risk for illness was significantly hig ... | 2000 | 11117956 |
| antimicrobial resistance profiling and dna amplification fingerprinting (daf) of thermophilic campylobacter spp. in human, poultry and porcine samples from the cork region of ireland. | antimicrobial resistance (r) typing and dna amplification fingerprinting (daf) of a random collection of 84 irish thermophilic campylobacter isolates is described. the collection included human, veterinary (porcine) and poultry isolates cultured between 1996 and 1998 in the cork region of ireland. biochemical and molecular methods were used to identify campylobacter jejuni and camp. coli. many of these isolates were simultaneously resistant to several common antimicrobial agents. in particular, ... | 2000 | 11119145 |
| the effect of thermal stress on campylobacter coli. | enteropathogenic campylobacter jejuni, camp. coli and camp. lari are currently the most common cause of acute infectious diarrhoeal illness in the uk. many domestic animals, including pigs, act as natural reservoirs for these organisms and infection may occur through the ingestion of contaminated foodstuffs. the safety of locally produced porcine liver was assessed in relation to the heat susceptibility of campylobacter spp. present in eviscerated product. | 2000 | 11119166 |
| reduction of campylobacter jejuni in a simulated chicken digestive tract by lactobacilli cultures. | studies were conducted to investigate the impact of a selected lactobacilli mixed culture on campylobacter jejuni in simulated chicken digestive tract models. veronal buffer solutions corresponding to the ph of successive segments of the chicken digestive tract were prepared. the lactobacilli mixtures were prepared by mixing four fresh lactobacilli cultures, including lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus fermenentum, lactobacillus crispatus, and lactobacillus brevis. the c. jejuni and lactob ... | 2000 | 11079707 |
| antibacterial spectrum of a novel des-fluoro(6) quinolone, bms-284756. | the in vitro spectrum of a novel des-fluoro(6) quinolone, bms-284756, was compared with those of five fluoroquinolones (trovafloxacin, moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin). bms-284756 was among the most active and often was the most active quinolone against staphylococci (including methicillin-resistant strains), streptococci, pneumococci (including ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible and penicillin-resistant strains), and enterococcus faecalis. bms-284756 inhibited approximately 6 ... | 2000 | 11083639 |
| campylobacter jejuni cytolethal distending toxin mediates release of interleukin-8 from intestinal epithelial cells. | live cells of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli can induce release of interleukin-8 (il-8) from int407 cells. additionally, membrane fractions of c. jejuni 81-176, but not membrane fractions of c. coli strains, can also induce release of il-8. membrane preparations from 81-176 mutants defective in any of the three membrane-associated protein subunits of cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) were unable to induce il-8. the presence of the three cdt genes on a shuttle plasmid in trans restor ... | 2000 | 11083762 |
| sialylation of lipooligosaccharide cores affects immunogenicity and serum resistance of campylobacter jejuni. | three genes involved in biosynthesis of the lipooligosaccharide (los) core of campylobacter jejuni msc57360, the type strain of the hs:1 serotype, whose structure mimics gm(2) ganglioside, have been cloned and characterized. mutation of genes encoding proteins with homology to a sialyl transferase (cstii) and a putative n-acetylmannosamine synthetase (neuc1), part of the biosynthetic pathway of n-acetylneuraminic acid (neunac), have identical phenotypes. the los cores of these mutants display id ... | 2000 | 11083778 |
| cellular internalization of cytolethal distending toxin from haemophilus ducreyi. | the chancroid bacterium haemophilus ducreyi produces a toxin (hdcdt) which is a member of the recently discovered family of cytolethal distending toxins (cdts). these protein toxins prevent the cyclin-dependent kinase cdc2 from being activated, thus blocking the transition of cells from the g(2) phase into mitosis, with the consequent arrest of intoxicated cells in g(2). it is not known whether these toxins act by signaling from the cell surface or intracellularly only. here we report that hdcdt ... | 2000 | 11083812 |
| dna rearrangements in the flagellin locus of an flaa mutant of campylobacter jejuni during colonization of chicken ceca. | campylobacter jejuni is an enteropathogen for humans but commensal for chickens. in both hosts, the flagella and motility are important colonization factors. the flagellin gene is duplicated in campylobacter, but only one flagellin gene, flaa, is sufficient for motility. we found that, during colonization of the chicken intestine, a nonmotile flaa mutant of c. jejuni underwent rearrangements within its flagellin locus, thereby regaining its motility and colonization capacity. in contrast, in vit ... | 2000 | 11083841 |
| campylobacters: the most common bacterial enteropathogens in the nordic countries. | campylobacters have been known as important human pathogens since the late 1970s. campylobacter jejuni and coli are the most common bacterial enteropathogens in the developed countries. during the past years an increasing incidence of campylobacteriosis has been reported in many developed countries. c. jejuni is the most common campylobacter species while c. coli accounts for about 5-10% of the cases. although the genome of c. jejuni nctc 11168 strain was sequenced recently, the exact pathogenet ... | 2000 | 11087163 |
| evidence for horizontal gene transfer in evolution of elongation factor tu in enterococci. | the elongation factor tu, encoded by tuf genes, is a gtp binding protein that plays a central role in protein synthesis. one to three tuf genes per genome are present, depending on the bacterial species. most low-g+c-content gram-positive bacteria carry only one tuf gene. we have designed degenerate pcr primers derived from consensus sequences of the tuf gene to amplify partial tuf sequences from 17 enterococcal species and other phylogenetically related species. the amplified dna fragments were ... | 2000 | 11092850 |