Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| strain-specific reverse transcriptase pcr assay: means to distinguish candidate vaccine from wild-type strains of respiratory syncytial virus. | candidate live-virus vaccines for respiratory syncytial virus are being developed and are beginning to be evaluated in clinical trials. to distinguish candidate vaccine strains from wild-type strains isolated during these trials, we developed pcr assays specific to two sets of candidate vaccine strains. the two sets were a group a strain (3a), its three attenuated, temperature-sensitive variant strains, a group b strain (2b), and its four attenuated, temperature-sensitive variant strains. the pc ... | 1996 | 8789010 |
| ribavirin for respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection. a systematic overview. | to systematically review the evidence evaluating the efficacy of aerosolized ribavirin for the treatment of infants with respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection. | 1996 | 8790125 |
| wheezing bronchitis in children. incidence, viral infections, and other risk factors in a defined population. | risk factors for severe wheezing bronchitis were studied in children aged 4 months to 4 years in need of hospitalization. the children included in the study consisted of all cases generated from a geographically defined population, the catchment area of st göran's hospital in stockholm. the incidence was 3/1000 children and year, during the two years of observation, with the highest rate in boys under the age of 18 months (4.7/1000). symptoms of a preceding upper respiratory tract infection were ... | 1996 | 8792378 |
| an ultrastructural study of the interaction of human eosinophils with respiratory syncytial virus. | it was shown previously that eosinophils are activated in vivo and in vitro by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) (garofalo et al., j pediatr 1992: 120: 28-32; kimpen et al., pediatr res 1992: 32: 160-4). for study of the interaction of eosinophils and rsv on the ultrastructural level, normodense eosinophils were purified from peripheral blood of healthy human volunteers. after incubation with rsv in the presence or absence of autologous serum, the eosinophils were examined with immunofluorescenc ... | 1996 | 8792384 |
| recovery of infectious respiratory syncytial virus expressing an additional, foreign gene. | a previous report described the recovery from cdna of infectious recombinant respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) strain a2 (p. l. collins, m. g. hill, e. camargo, h. grosfeld, r. m. chanock, and b. r. murphy, proc. natl. acad. sci. usa, 92:11563-11567, 1995). here, the system was used to construct recombinant rsv containing an additional gene encoding chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat). the cat coding sequence was flanked by rsv-specific gene-start and gene-end motifs, the transcription signa ... | 1996 | 8794298 |
| effects of mutations in the gene-start and gene-end sequence motifs on transcription of monocistronic and dicistronic minigenomes of respiratory syncytial virus. | preceding and following each gene of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are two conserved sequences, the gene-start (gs) and gene-end (ge) motifs, respectively, which are thought to be transcription signals. the functions and boundaries of these signals and the process of sequential transcription were analyzed with cdna-encoded rna analogs (minigenomes) of nonsegmented negative-sense rsv genomic rna. two minigenomes were used. the monocistronic rsv-cat minigenome consists of the chloramphenicol a ... | 1996 | 8794332 |
| analysis of the human serological immune response to a variable region of the attachment (g) protein of respiratory syncytial virus during primary infection. | the serum antibody responses of babies to the variable carboxy-terminal region of the attachment (g) protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) have been analysed using paired acute and convalescent sera from infants experiencing their first rsv infection with viruses of known genotype. the variable 84-85 carboxy-terminal amino acids of the g protein of six recent isolates of group a rsv were expressed in escherichia coli as fusion proteins with glutahione s-transferase. about half the infants ... | 1996 | 8801286 |
| pediatric investigators collaborative network on infections in canada (picnic) study of admission and management variation in patients hospitalized with respiratory syncytial viral lower respiratory tract infection. | to describe differences in patients hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) lower respiratory tract infection (lri) at nine canadian tertiary care hospitals. in addition, this study describes the variation in use of drug and other interventions. | 1996 | 8804328 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection of human respiratory epithelial cells up-regulates class i mhc expression through the induction of ifn-beta and il-1 alpha. | cd8+ t cells mediate some of the damage to the lung epithelium following respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. since cd8+ t cells recognize antigen-laden class i mhc molecules on the target cells, we examined in this study the expression of class i mhc by rsv-infected respiratory epithelial cells. respiratory epithelial cell lines and bronchial epithelial cells from normal human tissue responded to rsv infection with an increased expression of class i mhc as determined by flow cytometry a ... | 1996 | 8805651 |
| "hiv-peplotion vaccine"--a novel approach to protection against aids by transepithelial transport of viral peptides to langerhans cells for long-term antiviral ctl response. (a review). | viral vaccines which stimulate the humoral immune response in humans have been successful in preventing most of the known virus diseases except dengue fever, respiratory syncytial virus infections and hiv-1-related aids. burke [1] raised a concern that anti-hiv-1 antibodies may add a risk factor to immunized individuals infected with hiv-1. an approach to develop hiv-1 vaccines capable of stimulating anti-hiv-1 cytotoxic t cells requires an understanding of the importance of epidermal and epithe ... | 1996 | 8806938 |
| immunotherapy of respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia following bone marrow transplantation. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) pneumonia is a well-recognized complication of bone marrow transplantation with a high mortality rate. we describe two patients who developed rsv pneumonia within the first 3 weeks following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. these patients had significant oxygen requirements and radiographic infiltrates. both were treated with aerosolized ribavirin and given a single 1.5 gm/kg dose of intravenous immune globulin containing high levels of rsv neutralizing a ... | 1996 | 8807113 |
| prevalence of neutralizing antibody to respiratory syncytial virus in sera from mothers and newborns residing in the gambia and in the united states. | the prevalence of maternal respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-neutralizing antibodies has been documented in developed countries, but there is little information from developing countries. we assessed the prevalence of rsv-neutralizing antibody in sera from gambian women and their newborns and compared them with their american counterparts during a similar period. the geometric mean titers of maternal antibodies to rsv subgroup a in the two populations were similar, while titers of antibodies to ... | 1996 | 8807217 |
| a paediatric canopy system for aerosol administration and minimized environmental pollution. | a canopy system for ribavirin aerosol administration to infants has been developed in order to improve the control of aerosol treatment, facilitate access to the infant and minimize environmental pollution. the system comprises a transparent canopy, fitted with four sealable apertures. an evacuation flow that is 3 l/min higher than the gas supply was anticipated to prevent aerosol leakage from the canopy. | 1996 | 8908231 |
| the ribavirin debate. | 1996 | 8909507 | |
| the ribavirin debate. | 1996 | 8909508 | |
| phase i study of intravenous ribavirin treatment of respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia after marrow transplantation. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) pneumonia in marrow transplant recipients is associated with significant mortality. ribavirin is a nucleoside analog with activity against rsv and in its aerosolized formulation is the only drug approved for treatment of rsv pneumonia in the united states. the clinical use of aerosolized ribavirin has been limited by caregivers' concerns about drug exposure and potential teratogenic effects. since there is lack of proven efficacy and safety of the aerosolized ri ... | 1996 | 8913463 |
| detection of measles virus nucleocapsid transcripts in circulating blood cells from patients with paget disease. | paget disease of bone is characterized by abnormalities in all phases of bone remodeling, but the fundamental cellular abnormality resides in the osteoclast (ocl). osteoclasts in bone involved by paget disease contain viral-like nuclear and cytoplasmic inclusions that react with antibodies directed against paramyxovirus nucleocapsid proteins, such as measles virus, respiratory syncytial virus, or canine distemper virus. however, the identity of the virus or the mechanisms responsible for its per ... | 1996 | 8915767 |
| nucleotide sequence analysis of the respiratory syncytial virus subgroup a cold-passaged (cp) temperature sensitive (ts) cpts-248/404 live attenuated virus vaccine candidate. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the rsv cpts-248/404 live attenuated vaccine candidate was determined from cloned cdna and was compared to that of the rsv a2/hek7 wild-type, cold-passaged cp-rsv, and cpts-248 virus, which constitute the series of progenitor viruses. rsv cpts-248/404 is more attenuated and more temperature sensitive (ts) (shut-off temperature 36 degrees) than its cpts-248 parent virus (shut-off temperature 38 degrees) and is currently being evaluated in phase i clinical trial ... | 1996 | 8918930 |
| respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia in an aids patient. | pneumonia caused by respiratory syncytial virus in an aids patient is reported. a co-infection with cytomegalovirus was also demonstrated. treatment with ribavirin and foscarnet produced good clinical response. the patient, known to have serious obstructive lung disease, suffered from bronchial hyperreactivity for some time afterwards. the dilemma of antiviral therapy is discussed. | 1996 | 8923049 |
| outbreaks of influenza and a rise in respiratory syncytial virus: winter has arrived. | 1996 | 8990578 | |
| stabilization of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) against thermal inactivation and freeze-thaw cycles for development and control of rsv vaccines and immune globulin. | a high-titered and stable respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is essential for the development of rsv vaccines and quality control of vaccines and rsv immune globulin. we increased the virus titer of rsv seed stock, and virus preparations made from this seed stock, 100 times by removing defective interfering particles using limiting dilution procedure. rsv preparations made from the new seed stock had infectivity titers ranging from 10(7.6) to 10(8.2) tcid50 per ml for five lots made over a period ... | 1996 | 8994316 |
| mechanism of rsv-induced il-8 gene expression in a549 cells before viral replication. | previous studies demonstrated that respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection of a549 cells induced interleukin (il)-8 gene expression and protein release from the cells as early as 2 h after treatment [m. a. fiedler, k. wernke-dollries, and j. m. stark. am. j. physiol. 269 (lung cell. mol. physiol. 13): l865-l872, 1995; j. g. mastronarde, m. m. monick, and g. w. hunninghake. am. j. respir. cell mol. biol. 13: 237-244, 1995]. furthermore, the effects of rsv at the 2-h time point were not depend ... | 1996 | 8997267 |
| identification of potential ctl epitopes of bovine rsv using allele-specific peptide motifs from bovine mhc class i molecules. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infection in young infants and housed calves. depletion of cd8+ lymphocytes from calves inhibited their ability to clear the virus from the nasopharynx and lungs. to study these cells further, a cytotoxic t lymphocyte (ctl) assay was established. ctl could be demonstrated in the peripheral blood of gnotobiotic calves 7-10 days post infection (p.i.) with rsv and in lungs 10 days p.i. this response was both mhc-restricte ... | 1996 | 8988867 |
| white blood cell count, c-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in respiratory syncytial virus infection of the lower respiratory tract. | laboratory findings such as white blood cell (wbc) count, c-reactive protein (crp) concentration and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (esr) level in patients with bronchiolitis, bronchopneumonia and lobar pneumonia caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) were studied. the diagnosis of having rsv infection of the lower respiratory tract was made on the presence of rsv antigen in nasopharyngeal specimens by means of enzyme immunoassay, on chest x-ray appearances and clinical manifestations. the ... | 1996 | 9002292 |
| occupationally acquired infections in health care workers. part i. | health care workers are at occupational risk for a vast array of infections that cause substantial illness and occasional deaths. despite this, few studies have examined the incidence, prevalence, or exposure-associated rates of infection or have considered infection-specific interventions recommended to maintain worker safety. | 1996 | 8928990 |
| heliox in respiratory failure secondary to bronchiolitis: a new therapy. | 1996 | 8931086 | |
| preventing nosocomial infection in paediatric wards. | nosocomial infection is potentially a major problem in paediatric wards. however, there are methodological difficulties which hinder researchers in identifying the true extent of nosocomial infection. respiratory infections pose the greatest challenge, with the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) being particularly problematic. however, rsv can be contained by strict implementation of isolation procedures. other major pathogens such as enteric bacteria and viruses can similarly be controlled throu ... | 1996 | 8932032 |
| respiratory syncytial virus in canada. | 1996 | 8935391 | |
| association between maternal smoking and severe respiratory syncytial virus infections and sudden infant death syndrome. | 1996 | 8936101 | |
| laboratory diagnosis of acute lower respiratory tract viral infections in children. | this report summarizes and compares the results of complement fixation test (cft), virus isolation (vi), and direct immunofluorescence test (dif) for the antigen detection of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), influenza a virus (flu a), and adenovirus in 62 children with acute lower respiratory tract infections (alri) in kuwait. it includes, as well, cft results for parainfluenza virus and mycoplasma pneumoniae. combining the three methods, a potential causative agent was identified in 56 (90 pe ... | 1996 | 8936958 |
| surveillance of community-acquired viral infections due to respiratory viruses in rhone-alpes (france) during winter 1994 to 1995. | nasal swab from patients with acute flu-like illness were evaluated for the presence of respiratory viruses in the rhone-alpes region of france from 1 october 1994 through 2 may 1995. the relative frequencies and seasonal distributions of the specific viruses were assessed. in addition, virus type was correlated with specific clinical signs and symptoms. during the study, 962 samples were collected by 75 medical practitioners participating in the groupe regional d'observation de la grippe survei ... | 1996 | 8940439 |
| reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction amplification of respiratory syncytial virus genome from neonatal nasal swab samples. | in order to make a rapid and accurate diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, nasal swabs obtained from 14 neonates suspected of having this disease were examined for the presence of rsv genome by reverse transcription (rt) and nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification, along with enzyme immunoassay (eia), serum neutralization testing and virus isolation. the rt-pcr method was sensitive enough to detect a 0.1 50% tissue culture infectious dose (tcid50) per milliliter ... | 1996 | 8941998 |
| solution structure of the immunodominant region of protein g of bovine respiratory syncytial virus. | the three-dimensional solution structure of the immunodominant central conserved region of the attachment protein g (brsv-g) of bovine respiratory syncytial virus has been determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectroscopy. in the 32-residue peptide studied, 19 residues form a small rigid core composed of two short helices, connected by a type i' turn, and linked by two disulfide bridges. this unique fold is among the smallest stable tertiary structures known and could therefore serve a ... | 1996 | 8942628 |
| respiratory viruses in a hospitalized paediatric population in edinburgh 1985-1994. | we describe the incidence of respiratory viruses identified in children admitted to an edinburgh hospital between october 1985 and july 1994. respiratory syncytial (rs) virus, influenza viruses and parainfluenza viruses showed seasonal activity whereas adenoviruses and rhinoviruses did not. parainfluenza viruses were the most changeable in their epidemiological behaviour and rs virus the least. | 1996 | 8945711 |
| a 6-week-old girl with persistent apnea and worsening pulmonary disease. | 1996 | 8946125 | |
| [value of surfactant in the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome in a child]. | adult respiratory distress syndrome has a high mortality rate, despite treatment including mechanical ventilation with positive end-expiratory pressure, increase of the inspiratory time and high inspiratory oxygen concentration. exogenous surfactant, a well established treatment in premature newborns with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome has only been occasionally evaluated in adult respiratory distress syndrome. | 1996 | 8949353 |
| serological study of responses to selected pathogens causing respiratory tract infection in the institutionalized elderly. | in a prospective 2-year study, serological responses to selected pathogens were analyzed in 224 episodes of fever attributable to respiratory tract infection (51.8%) or of unknown source (48.2%) in 131 residents of two long-term-care facilities. a serological response was identified in 45 episodes (20.1%): chlamydia pneumoniae (14 episodes), haemophilus influenzae type b (1), influenza virus type a (14), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv;2), parainfluenza virus type 3 (7), c. pneumoniae and h. in ... | 1996 | 8953065 |
| developmental and environmental factors that enhance binding of bordetella pertussis to human epithelial cells in relation to sudden infant death syndrome (sids). | asymptomatic infection due to bordetella pertussis has been suggested to be one cause of sudden infant death syndrome (sids). we examined developmental and environmental factors previously found to affect binding of another toxigenic species, staphylococcus aureus, to human epithelial cells: expression of the lewis(a) antigen; infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv); exposure to cigarette smoke; and the inhibitory effect of breast milk on bacterial binding. binding of two strains of b. ... | 1996 | 8954353 |
| morphological studies of the respiratory syncytial virus induced bronchiolitis in experimentally infected calves. | rsv-infections of the lower respiratory tract in infancy and early childhood are the most frequent causes of a hyperreactive bronchial system and obstructive lung disease. studies concerning the morphological alterations of the bronchial mucosa during an rsv-infection are dependent on an experimental animal model. in this study the alterations of the lower respiratory tract from five infected colostrum-fed calves during the initial stage of the infection are described. brsv strain 375 was applie ... | 1996 | 8958555 |
| safety and immunogenicity of a respiratory syncytial virus subunit vaccine (pfp-2) in ambulatory adults over age 60. | the safety and immunogenicity of purified fusion protein (pfp-2) respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine was evaluated in a randomized placebo-controlled, double-blind study of 64 healthy adults over age 60. vaccination was well tolerated with no significant acute side-effects. twenty-nine of 33 vaccinees (87%) showed a greater than or equal to fourfold rise in serum igg to the f protein of rsv at 8 weeks post vaccination. twenty of 33 vaccine recipients (61%) had a greater than or equal to fo ... | 1996 | 8961507 |
| [characteristics of anti-respiratory syncytial humoral immunity during persistence of respiratory syncytial virus antigens in adult patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis]. | specific humoral immune response has been studied in 8 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis, in whom the persistence of rsv was detected, and in a group of patients without rsv persistence. humoral immunity in patients with rsv persistence vs. those with acute and chronic bronchitis without viral persistence was characterized by the following features: a) earlier and more active production of igg and, even more so, igm and iga; b) long persistence of high titers of anti-rsv igg, igm, and ... | 1996 | 8967073 |
| ribavirin for rsv lower respiratory tract infection. | 1996 | 8969696 | |
| prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infection in high risk infants: consensus opinion on the role of immunoprophylaxis with respiratory syncytial virus hyperimmune globulin. | 1996 | 8970212 | |
| frequency of respiratory syncytial virus in hospitalized infants with lower acute respiratory tract infection in colombia. | in colombia, health workers obtained a nasopharyngeal wash from 103 infants aged less than 12 months hospitalized for acute lower respiratory infection (alri) at the general hospital of medellin during april 1994 to april 1995 so researchers could determine the frequency of alri caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in hospitalized children. immunofluorescence detected rsv infection in 43 (41.7%) patients. the presence of the following signs and symptoms allowed a clinical diagnosis of a ... | 1996 | 8970224 |
| transcriptional activation of the interleukin-8 gene by respiratory syncytial virus infection in alveolar epithelial cells: nuclear translocation of the rela transcription factor as a mechanism producing airway mucosal inflammation. | the most common cause of epidemic pediatric respiratory disease, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), stimulates interleukin-8 (il-8) synthesis upon infecting airway epithelium, an event necessary for the development of mucosal inflammation. we investigated the mechanism for enhanced il-8 production in human a549 type ii pulmonary epithelial cells. infection with sucrose-purified rsv (prsv) produced a time-dependent increase in the transcriptional initiation rate of the il-8 gene. transient transf ... | 1996 | 8971006 |
| inhibition of viral replication reverses respiratory syncytial virus-induced nf-kappab activation and interleukin-8 gene expression in a549 cells. | previous studies have demonstrated that respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection of airway epithelial cells results in the expression of a number of cytokines, such as interleukin-8 (il-8), that are transcriptionally regulated by nuclear factor kappab (nf-kappab). in the studies reported here, we demonstrate that treatment of rsv-infected a549 cells with 100 microg of ribavirin (a viral replication inhibitor) per ml results in reversal of rsv-induced nf-kappab activation, il-8 mrna expression ... | 1996 | 8971048 |
| influenza surveillance in england and wales: october 1995 to june 1996. | this report summarises information collected for the surveillance of influenza virus infection in england and wales from october 1995 to june 1996 (weeks 40/95 to 25/96). total respiratory disease' activity, as reported by the birmingham research unit of the royal college of general practitioners, rose to peaks in weeks 48/95, 51/95, and 01/96. the first peak coincided with a peak in "influenza and flu-like illness'. the subsequent peaks were accounted for by an increase in reports of acute bron ... | 1996 | 8972979 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-induced cytokine production by neonatal macrophages. | the induction of immunoregulatory cytokines il-1 beta, il-6, il-12, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) and interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) was studied with neonatal (cord blood) monocyte-derived macrophages (mdm) after in vitro infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). the expression of mrnas for these cytokines in rsv-infected mdm was examined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). the activities of these cytokines were assayed by elisa. significant increase of ... | 1996 | 8973610 |
| update: respiratory syncytial virus activity--united states, 1996-97 season. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), a common cause of winter outbreaks of acute respiratory disease, results in an estimated 90,000 hospitalizations and 4500 deaths each year from lower respiratory tract disease in both infants and young children in the united states. outbreaks occur annually throughout the country. rsv activity in the united states is monitored by the national respiratory and enteric virus surveillance system (nrevss), a voluntary, laboratory-based system. this report summarizes ... | 1996 | 8975116 |
| icam-1 expression and low-molecular-weight g-protein activation of human bronchial epithelial cells (a549) infected with rsv. | the airway epithelial cell of the lower respiratory tract is the primary host target cell for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. to estimate whether infected epithelial cells contribute to the inflammatory host response observed during the acute infection phase we analyzed the cell surface expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (icam-1, cd54) on human bronchial epithelial cells (a549) following rsv infection and cytokine priming. the epithelial cells constitutively expressed i ... | 1996 | 8975880 |
| [epidemiology of acute bronchopulmonary infections in children]. | in infants and young children acute lower respiratory infection is the most common cause of morbidity and death especially in developing countries. factors that contribute to the increased susceptibility to respiratory pathogens include young age, season, sex, indoor pollution, large family size, malnutrition, low immunocompetence, socioeconomic disadvantage. the epidemiology of acute respiratory infections in childhood seems similar worldwide. in all countries, respiratory syncytial virus, para ... | 1996 | 8978159 |
| prevalence of antibodies against hep-2 cell antigen in infants and children hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus infection. | infants with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection were shown to have antibodies against hep-2 cell antigen present in rsv-antigen preparation used for immunoblot analysis. the prevalence of anti hep-2 cell antibodies was examined in infants hospitalized for rsv infection (n = 49, median age 121 days) compared to rotavirus infected children (n = 30, median age 114 days) and to healthy controls (n = 20, median age 150 days). the immunoblot analysis with rsv-infected and non-infected hep-2 c ... | 1996 | 9007586 |
| subgrouping of bovine respiratory syncytial virus strains detected in lung tissue. | bovine respiratory syncytial virus is an important respiratory pathogen in cattle. recently, subgroups of brsv have been identified, based on antigenic differences. however, little is known about subgroups of brsv that circulate in the cattle population. therefore, we determined the reactivity of monoclonal antibodies (mabs), directed against the g, f, or p protein of brsv, with lung tissue from 47 calves, that suffered from severe respiratory disease. fourteen animals (30%) proved to be infecte ... | 1996 | 9008336 |
| [infectious complications of lung and heart-lung transplantation]. | thanks to a simplification of surgical techniques, single or double lung transplants have expanded significantly in latter years. infection remains an important cause for morbidity and mortality, more so in early rather than late stages. bacterial infections cause approximately fifty per cent of all infections. they can be prevented in part by prophylaxis. infections to cmv have become less frequent thanks to adequate prophylaxis with ganciclovir. herpetic infections are prevented by acyclovir o ... | 1996 | 9011910 |
| [respiratory syncytial virus: an important cause of influenza-like disese in the elderly]. | 1996 | 9012077 | |
| maturation of respiratory syncytial virus within hep-2 cell cytoplasm. | electron microscopy of hep-2 cells infected with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) strain long revealed the maturation of rsv on an ultrastructural level. the results showed that the virus maturated by two different pathways. in one of them, the virus assembled and matured before reaching the plasma membrane on the internal vesicle membrane within cytoplasm. the mature virus was delivered to the plasma membrane and to the extracellular space most likely by the transport vesicles and exocytosis. ... | 1996 | 9014011 |
| treatment of respiratory failure due to respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia with natural surfactant. | we describe two infants suffering from severe pneumonia caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection and needing mechanical ventilation with both high ventilator settings and a high fraction of inspired oxygen. the severity of the respiratory failure and the possibility of decreased and/or altered surfactant production led us to treat these infants with intratracheal instillation of natural surfactant. this resulted in an improvement of lung compliance and a decrease in the amount of ox ... | 1996 | 9016476 |
| identification of mutations contributing to the reduced virulence of a modified strain of respiratory syncytial virus. | the nucleotide sequences of the genome of the rss-2 wild type strain of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus, which is known to induce upper respiratory tract infection in adults, and that of the attenuated ts1c candidate vaccine derived from it by three cycles of mutagenesis and selection of temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants, have been determined. comparison of the sequences has located the genetic changes which contribute to the reduced pathogenicity in adults of the candidate vaccine. thirty-sev ... | 1996 | 9032893 |
| acquisition of the ts phenotype by a chemically mutagenized cold-passaged human respiratory syncytial virus vaccine candidate results from the acquisition of a single mutation in the polymerase (l) gene. | a cold-passaged (cp) temperature-sensitive (ts) mutant of human respiratory syncytial virus designated rsv cpts-248 was previously derived by random chemical mutagenesis of the non-ts mutant cp-rsv that possesses one or more host range mutations. we previously demonstrated in rodents and seronegative chimpanzees that the cpts-248 virus is more attenuated than cp-rsv and is more stable genetically than previously isolated rsv ts mutants. in the present study, we determined that the acquisition of ... | 1996 | 9035372 |
| [etiological and clinical evaluation of low acute respiratory infections in children]. | viral laboratory diagnosis was correlated with clinical and epidemiological data from 80 hospitalized children with acute lower respiratory infection (alri). they all were less than 5 years-old and were studied from may to september 1993. fifteen percent of them were malnourished and 75% had some unsatisfied basic necessity. nasopharingeal aspirates were obtained the first day of hospitalization, and diagnosis for respiratory viruses was performed by the immunofluorescence test with monoclonal a ... | 1996 | 9035475 |
| respigam: an rsv immune globulin. | respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin has been shown to prevent or attenuate rsv lower respiratory tract infection in infants under 24 months of age with bpd or who were born prematurely (< or = 35 weeks gestation). the use of rsv-ig is expensive. the estimated average cost of prophylaxis for a season is $4,000 to $5,000 per infant. because of the cost of rsv-ig, and because viral transmission is possible when any blood product is administered, careful consideration of which children shoul ... | 1996 | 9087091 |
| identification of protein regions involved in the interaction of human respiratory syncytial virus phosphoprotein and nucleoprotein: significance for nucleocapsid assembly and formation of cytoplasmic inclusions. | we have reported previously that the nucleoprotein (n), the phosphoprotein (p), and the 22-kda protein of human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) are components of the cytoplasmic inclusion bodies observed in hep-2-infected cells. in addition, coexpression of n and p was sufficient to induce the formation of n-p complexes detectable by either coimmunoprecipitation with anti-p antibodies or generation of cytoplasmic inclusions. we now report the identification of protein regions required for the ... | 1996 | 8551618 |
| transcription elongation factor of respiratory syncytial virus, a nonsegmented negative-strand rna virus. | rna synthesis by the paramyxovirus respiratory syncytial virus, a ubiquitous human pathogen, was found to be more complex than previously appreciated for the nonsegmented negative-strand rna viruses. intracellular rna replication of a plasmid-encoded "minigenome" analog of viral genomic rna was directed by coexpression of the n, p, and l proteins. but, under these conditions, the greater part of mrna synthesis terminated prematurely. this difference in processivity between the replicase and the ... | 1996 | 8552680 |
| vitamin a and respiratory syncytial virus infection. serum levels and supplementation trial. | to determine the benefit of oral vitamin a supplementation for acute respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. | 1996 | 8542002 |
| reassessment of the indications for ribavirin therapy in respiratory syncytial virus infections. american academy of pediatrics committee on infectious diseases. | the purpose of this statement is to inform practitioners about new information concerning lack of demonstrated clinical effectiveness of ribavirin in the treatment of infants with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease. the intent of the new recommendation is to allow practitioners to decide whether ribavirin therapy is appropriate or not by taking into account the particular clinical situation and their own preferences. more definitive answers to the questions of ribavirin efficacy and effec ... | 1996 | 8545210 |
| an every other year cyclic epidemic of infants hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus. | 1996 | 8545218 | |
| evaluation of four methods for the diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infection in older adults. | to evaluate four methods of rapid diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in older adults and to compare sensitivities with serologic analysis. | 1996 | 8537595 |
| effects of perinatal vaccination on humoral and cellular immune responses in cows and young calves. | to examine the effects of perinatal vaccination on cellular and humoral responses in cows and on passive transfer of antibodies and cells to calves, and to assess the role of maternal antibodies in vaccination responses of neonatal calves. | 1996 | 8575972 |
| respiratory syncytial virus activity and flu-like illness. | 1996 | 8581119 | |
| unilateral nasal infection of cotton rats with respiratory syncytial virus allows assessment of local and systemic immunity. | an in vivo model for the study of local and systemic effectors of immunity to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is described. cotton rats (sigmodon fulviventer) inoculated in one nostril with a small volume (2 microliters) of virus suspension contracted a unilateral nasal infection which did not extend to the contralateral nasal turbinates, nor to the lungs. immunity to subsequent rsv challenge could be induced by small priming doses ( < 10 p.f.u. per animal), but was dependent upon viral replic ... | 1996 | 8558116 |
| definition and functional analysis of the signal/anchor domain of the human respiratory syncytial virus glycoprotein g. | the attachment protein g of human respiratory syncytial (rs) virus is a type ii transmembrane glycoprotein. a secreted from of the g protein is also produced. to examine the two distinct hydrophobic regions in the n-terminal 63 amino acids of g protein for their role(s) in membrane insertion and anchoring, transport to the cell surface, and secretion, g proteins that contained point mutations or deletions were synthesized by cell-free transcription-translation and in cells by expression from rec ... | 1996 | 8558117 |
| acute anterior horn cell disease resembling poliomyelitis as a manifestation of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | 1996 | 8558137 | |
| mapping the domains on the phosphoprotein of bovine respiratory syncytial virus required for n-p interaction using a two-hybrid system. | specific interactions between the nucleocapsid protein (n) and the phosphoprotein (p) of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) have been investigated using a yeast-based two-hybrid system. plasmids encoding the yeast gal4 dna binding domain fused with the n gene and gal4 activation domain fused with the p gene were cotransfected into competent yeast cells. the ability of the n and p proteins to interact in vivo was measured by activation of the lacz reporter gene by the gal4 transactivation ... | 1996 | 8609467 |
| interleukin-11: stimulation in vivo and in vitro by respiratory viruses and induction of airways hyperresponsiveness. | to address the role of il-11 in viral airways dysfunction, we determined whether infectious agents that exacerbate asthma stimulate stromal cell il-11 production, determined whether il-11 could be detected at sites of viral infection and evaluated the effects of il-11 on airway physiology. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv3), and rhinovirus (rv) 14 were potent stimulators while cytomegalovirus and adenovirus only weakly stimulated and herpes simplex virus type 2 ... | 1996 | 8613544 |
| protective role of tnf-alpha in respiratory syncytial virus infection in vitro and in vivo. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection causes substantial morbidity in young children and immunocompromised adults, yet its pathogenesis is poorly understood. because the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) may be important in host response to viral infection, hep-2 cells were treated with tnf-alpha and mice were given tnf-alpha antibody before rsv infection. pretreatment of hep-2 cells with tnf-alpha inhibited rsv replication as determined by cytopathic effect. ... | 1996 | 8615393 |
| cytokine production by cultured human bronchial epithelial cells infected with a replication-deficient adenoviral gene transfer vector or wild-type adenovirus type 5. | exposure of animals to adenoviral gene transfer vectors has been associated with respiratory tract inflammation. the pathogenesis of this inflammation is unclear. one hypothesis is that viral vectors directly induce production of inflammatory cytokines by host cells in the airways. we exposed cultured human lung cells to an adenovirus-5--based vector containing the cytomegalovirus promoter and lacz reporter gene (ad.cmv.lacz) and to wild-type adenovirus 5 (wtad5) and measured subsequent release ... | 1996 | 8624246 |
| impact of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus on mortality in england and wales from january 1975 to december 1990. | the effects of influenza a and b and rsv on mortality in england and wales were assessed by regression analysis for the period 1975-90. morbidity data from sentinel practices were used to calculate 4-weekly rates of aggregated upper respiratory tract infections (urti); phls laboratory reports were used as indices of infection, and 4-weekly death rates from all causes, excluding childbirths, were used to study relationships with mortality. deaths correlated strongly with influenza a and b reports ... | 1996 | 8626004 |
| antigenic and immunogenic analysis of group a and group b respiratory syncytial virus g proteins expressed from recombinant baculoviruses. | the attachment glycoprotein g plays a major role in the antigenic variability of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus. we have expressed from recombinant baculoviruses antigenic group a and group b rs virus g proteins (designated bacag for the group a and bacbg for the group b virus g protein). the insect cell-produced g proteins migrated more rapidly in sds-page as compared to hep-2 cell derived g proteins owing to glycosylation differences. antigenicity was tested by immunofluorescence; five or fi ... | 1996 | 8627252 |
| a point mutation in the f1 subunit of human respiratory syncytial virus fusion glycoprotein blocks its cell surface transport at an early stage of the exocytic pathway. | vaccinia virus recombinants expressing either wild-type or mutant forms of human respiratory syncytial (rs) virus (long strain) fusion (f) glycoprotein were obtained. proteolytic processing of the precursor, f0, and cell surface transport of the f glycoprotein were unaffected in the recombinants, except in those that contained the replacement phe --> ser at position 237 of the f1 subunit. in recombinants containing this mutation, either alone or in combination with others, the traffic of the f m ... | 1996 | 8627253 |
| inducible translational regulation of the nf-il6 transcription factor by respiratory syncytial virus infection in pulmonary epithelial cells. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), the most common etiologic agent of epidemic pediatric respiratory disease, infects and replicates in the human airway epithelium, resulting in the induction of cellular gene products essential for immune and inflammatory responses. we describe the effect of rsv infection on nuclear factor-il6 (nf-il6) expression, a human basic domain-leucine zipper-containing transcription factor that alone in combination with other inducible transcription factors regulates the ... | 1996 | 8627674 |
| respiratory synctial virus infection in balb/c mice previously immunized with formalin-inactivated virus induces enhanced pulmonary inflammatory response with a predominant th2-like cytokine pattern. | vaccination with formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus (fi-rsv) caused excessive disease in infants upon subsequent natural infection with rsv. recent studies with balb/c mice have suggested that t cells are important contributors to lung immunopathology during rsv infection. in this study, we investigated vaccine-induced enhanced disease by immunizing balb/c mice with live rsv intranasally or with fi-rsv intramuscularly. the mice were challenged with rsv 6 weeks later, and the pulmon ... | 1996 | 8627759 |
| the laboratory evaluation of opportunistic pulmonary infections. | the patient population at risk for opportunistic pulmonary infections has increased during the last decade. the spectrum of organisms causing opportunistic infections has also grown. with an ever broader list of potential diagnosis, a specific diagnosis of the cause of pulmonary disease becomes more important. recent microbiologic advances have helped to facilitate the laboratory diagnosis of some of these agents. immunoassays are available for the detection of antigen in nasopharyngeal secretio ... | 1996 | 8597323 |
| from the food and drug administration. | 1996 | 8598604 | |
| rsv infection complicating the therapy of pediatric malignancies: report of six cases. | we describe a series of six patients with symptomatic respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections while receiving anticancer chemotherapy. particularly during epidemics in the general population, rsv remains a potential cause for morbidity and even mortality among children immunocompromised through the administration of anticancer chemotherapy and especially those being transplanted. we emphasize the importance of rapid diagnostics as well as prevention of the spread of the virus in a pediatric ... | 1996 | 8600339 |
| respiratory infection and iatrogenic diarrhea in honduras and el salvador during the 1991-1992 season. | the etiology of acute respiratory tract infection and its association with diarrhea was analyzed in 135 hospitalized children less than three years of age with mainly respiratory symptoms in two pediatric hospitals in honduras and el salvador. etiologic diagnoses were performed on nasopharyngeal samples by tissue culture and immunofluorescence, including a search for the presence of respiratory virus-specific immunoglobulin a antibodies. fecal samples were subjected to electron microscopy and ti ... | 1996 | 8600762 |
| discrimination of respiratory syncytial virus subgroups a and b by reverse transcription-pcr. | reverse transcription (rt)-pcr with shared primers differentiating respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) subgroups a and b was developed for subtyping of rsv isolates. results of rt-pcr were compared with those of an indirect immunofluorescence test using monoclonal antibodies. viral rna isolated from cell cultures infected with rsv served as a template for cdna synthesis with random primers. for pcr, we used three synthetic oligonucleotides corresponding to the g protein mrna sequence of subgroup a ... | 1996 | 8748269 |
| diagnosis of viral respiratory tract infections in children by using a reverse transcription-pcr panel. | reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr) is a sensitive method for detection of rna virus nucleic acid sequences in clinical respiratory specimens. previous studies have focused on rt-pcr for a single virus, but this approach is limited by the inability to establish a specific etiology when the rt-pcr result is negative and by the inability to document simultaneous infections involving more than one virus. the purpose of this study was to apply a panel of rt-pcr protocols for respiratory syncytial vir ... | 1996 | 8748290 |
| isolation of a neutralizing human rsv antibody from a dominant, non-neutralizing immune repertoire by epitope-blocked panning. | we isolated a large panel of human abs directed against the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) ag from combinatorial phage display libraries. following initial differentiation of the fabs by bstni restriction patterns, dna sequence analysis revealed 10 different classes of vh paired with more than 35 different vl genes. all the fabs bound with high affinity to the f ag. however, most fabs competed with the binding of a representative member of this group, suggesting that the fabs recognized a com ... | 1996 | 8752928 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection and meningococcal disease. | although viral respiratory tract infections may predispose to meningococcal disease, strong evidence that they do so exists only for influenza. data on laboratory reported cases of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections and meningococcal disease in england and wales from mid-1989 to mid-1994 were analysed. although the rise in rsv cases preceded the rise in meningococcal disease cases each winter, the interval between the rise and fall of the two diseases was inconsistent, no association w ... | 1996 | 8760957 |
| outbreak of vertigo in wyoming: possible role of an enterovirus infection. | an epidemiologic investigation was conducted to characterize and evaluate the possibility of a viral aetiology of an outbreak of acute vertigo in hot springs country, wyoming, during autumn 1992. case-finding identified hot springs county residents who sought medical attention for new onset vertigo during 1 august, 1992-31 january 1993. thirty-five case-patients and 61 matched controls were interviewed and serum specimens were obtained during january 1993. case-patients were more likely than con ... | 1996 | 8760963 |
| [asthma in children]. | asthma is the most frequent chronic disease in children. its prevalence has increased over the last 20 years. in the newborn, the diagnosis can be retained after 3 episodes of whistling dyspnea. asthma often appears following respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. in the child, asthma frequently accompanies allergy to airborne allergies. adolescence, often a difficult period, carries the highest risk of severe episodes. a minimal asthma workup should be performed in all children with asthma ... | 1996 | 8761641 |
| antiepithelial cell antibodies do not impair paediatric renal allograft survival but appear to be associated with acute viral infections. | there is a reported association between antiepithelial cell (aec) antibodies and increased renal allograft loss in paediatric recipients. our unit experienced a dramatic fall in 1-year graft survival so we undertook a study to determine if aec antibodies could account for such losses. we also studied healthy children and adults as well as a group of individuals with serologically proven viral infection in an attempt to determine the prevalence and possible aetiology of these antibodies. sera wer ... | 1996 | 8762004 |
| [community-acquired pneumonia in children: importance of mycoplasma pneumoniae infections and efficacy of antibiotics]. | define a therapeutic management schema adapted to children with community-acquired pneumonia. | 1996 | 8762275 |
| [treatment of acute bronchiolitis in infants. role of bronchodilators and steroids]. | the management of infant bronchiolitis with bronchodilators and steroids is controversial. a literature review on this topic allows to determine the influence of these medications on the first episode of viral bronchiolitis. the effect of alpha and beta adrenergic drugs is undoubtful but it is not possible to anticipate a positive or negative response based on the age of the child nor on a family history of atopic disease. systemic steroid therapy has no immediate effect but inhaled steroids may ... | 1996 | 8762963 |
| down-regulation of paramyxovirus hemagglutinin-neuraminidase glycoprotein surface expression by a mutant fusion protein containing a retention signal for the endoplasmic reticulum. | the human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv3) fusion (f) and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) glycoproteins are the principal components involved in virion receptor binding, membrane penetration, and ultimately, syncytium formation. while the requirement for both f and hn in this process has been determined from recombinant expression studies, stable physical association of these proteins in coimmunoprecipitation studies has not been observed. in addition, coexpression of other heterologous param ... | 1996 | 8764007 |
| rna replication by a respiratory syncytial virus rna analog does not obey the rule of six and retains a nonviral trinucleotide extension at the leader end. | genome analogs ("minigenomes") of sendai and measles viruses replicate efficiently only if their nucleotide length is an even multiple of six, a requirement called the rule of six (p. calain and l. roux, j. virol. 67:4822-4830, 1993; m. s. sidhu, j. chan, k. kaelin, p. spielhofer, f. radecke, h. schneider, m. masurekar, p. c. dowling, m. a. billeter, and s. a. udem, virology 208:800-807, 1995). the existence of a comparable requirement was tested for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), which also ... | 1996 | 8764015 |
| the other effect of intravenously administered respiratory syncytial virus-enriched immune globulin for prophylaxis: less acute otitis media. | 1996 | 8765615 | |
| respiratory syncytial virus-enriched globulin for the prevention of acute otitis media in high risk children. | acute otitis media (aom) has been associated with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection; aom develops in up to one third of children with rsv illness. a masked multicenter trial used an immune globulin enriched with rsv-neutralizing antibodies (rsvig) to prevent rsv infection of the lower respiratory tract in 249 children with either bronchopulmonary dysplasia, congenital heart disease, or prematurity. to determine whether monthly rsvig therapy might decrease the incidence of aom, we retro ... | 1996 | 8765618 |
| respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: clinical aspects and epidemiology. | sixty to ninety percent of the clinical syndrome of bronchiolitis is caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. rsv epidemiology has several unusual characteristics. rsv infects nearly all infants in the first year of life, with a peak incidence of hospitalized infants with bronchiolitis between 2-6 months of age. it is the only virus that causes most severe disease during the first month of life, i.e. at a time when maternal antibodies are present. lower respiratory tract infections ... | 1996 | 8766196 |
| pathological study of experimentally induced bovine respiratory syncytial viral infection in lambs. | an experimental model was designed to characterize lesions in the lung of lambs inoculated with bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv). twenty-five merino lambs of both sexes, with a live weight of 17 +/- 3 kg, received an intratracheal inoculation of 20 ml saline solution containing 1.26 x 10(6) tcid50 brsv (strain nmk-7) per ml. lambs were slaughtered 1, 3, 7, 11 and 15 days postinoculation (dpi), and samples were taken for analysis using light-microscopic and immunohistochemical techniques ... | 1996 | 8767769 |