Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| asymptomatic perianal shedding of herpes simplex virus in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | to determine the frequency of asymptomatic perianal shedding of herpes simplex virus (hsv) in adult patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). | 1997 | 9041831 |
| novel 3'-c/n-substituted 2',3'-beta-d-dideoxynucleosides as potential chemotherapeutic agents. 1. thymidine derivatives: synthesis, structure, and broad spectrum antiviral properties. | a synthetic scheme for the 3'-oxime derivatives 3e, 5e, 5z, 7e and 7z of 1-(2,3-dideoxy-beta-d-glycero-pentofuranosyl)thymine and for 1-(2,3-dideoxy-3-nitro-beta-d-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-thymine (10) has been developed starting from appropriately 5'-protected 3'-ketothymidine. x-ray analysis showed that 3'-n-hydroxyimino 3e and 3'-n-methoxyimino 5z derivatives have close molecular conformations: anti about the n1-c1' bond, and gauche+ about the c4'-c5' exocyclic bond. their sugar conformations ... | 1997 | 9046339 |
| european consensus on viral encephalitis. | 1997 | 9024370 | |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 synergizes with interferon-gamma in the induction of nitric oxide production in mouse macrophages through autocrine secretion of tumour necrosis factor-alpha. | we have analysed the ability of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) to induce nitric oxide (no) production in resting balb/c mouse peritoneal macrophages. in most experiments, macrophages produced very small amounts of no upon infection with hsv-2. mock virus preparations did not induce no production, and virus inactivation experiments showed that infectious virus was required. since interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) is the prototype cytokine that is able to induce significant no production in macrop ... | 1997 | 9010304 |
| antigenic structure of soluble herpes simplex virus (hsv) glycoprotein d correlates with inhibition of hsv infection. | soluble forms of herpes simplex virus (hsv) glycoprotein d (gd) block viral penetration. likewise, most hsv strains are sensitive to gd-mediated interference by cells expressing gd. the mechanism of both forms of gd-mediated inhibition is thought to be at the receptor level. we analyzed the ability of different forms of soluble, truncated gd (gdt) to inhibit infection by different strains of hsv-1 and hsv-2. strains that were resistant to gd-mediated interference were also resistant to inhibitio ... | 1997 | 9060653 |
| frequent genital herpes simplex virus 2 shedding in immunocompetent women. effect of acyclovir treatment. | reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) occurs intermittently as perceived clinically and by viral culture. we performed a series of studies to evaluate the frequency and pattern of hsv-2 reactivation using both viral isolation and hsv pcr assay. daily samples of genital secretions were obtained from 27 hsv-2 seropositive women; a subset of subjects obtained samples while receiving oral acyclovir 400 mg po twice a day. hsv dna was detected in genital swab specimens on 28% of 1,410 d ... | 1997 | 9062368 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 detection by culture and polymerase chain reaction and relationship to genital symptoms and cervical antibody status during the third trimester of pregnancy. | our goal was to define the frequency of asymptomatic herpes simplex virus type 2 shedding by culture and polymerase chain reaction and to correlate our findings with cervical anti-herpes simplex virus type 2 immunoglobulin a production. | 1997 | 9065196 |
| hearing loss and herpes simplex. | a survey to identify the aetiology of hearing impairment among saudi children was carried out. children were divided into two groups according to presence or absence of laboratory evidence of herpes simplex virus infection 'at risk' and 'not at risk'. serological tests for herpes simplex virus infection were performed on 1054 children. we found positive igm antibody against herpes simplex virus, type 1 (hsv1) in the blood of 82 of the 1054 children (8 per cent), and positive igm antibody against ... | 1997 | 9078824 |
| current clinical issues in the management of herpes simplex virus infections in patients with hiv. | a recent study done in baltimore showed hsv-2 seroprevalence of 81% among 64 hiv-positive homosexual or bisexual men. | 1997 | 9094453 |
| hepatitis b markers in men seeking human immunodeficiency virus antibody testing in mexico city. | to estimate the prevalence and associated risk factors of hepatitis b virus (hbv) serologic markers in 1,377 men with high-risk sexual behavior attending a center for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) detection in mexico city. | 1997 | 9101632 |
| [herpes simplex: generalized infection in a newborn]. | most mucose-cutaneous infections can be diagnosed by clinical history with explorative technique. nevertheless the definitive etiologic diagnostic can only be established with the help of the isolation and identification of the causal agent. | 1997 | 9101753 |
| [evaluation of the immune and interferon status of children infected with herpes simplex virus and living in areas with increased radiation background]. | virological and immunological examinations were carried out in 52 children aged 4 to 15 living at the bryansk district territories contaminated with radionuclides after the chernobyl accident. the persistence of herpes simplex virus (hsv) in the blood was detected by indirect immunofluorescence in 90% of children, in 10% it was confirmed by the virus isolation in vitro in a cell culture. specific antibodies to hsv-1 and hsv-2 were detected by enzyme immunoassay in 100% examinees, in 50% their ti ... | 1997 | 9103044 |
| cognitive-behavioral stress management decreases dysphoric mood and herpes simplex virus-type 2 antibody titers in symptomatic hiv-seropositive gay men. | this study tested the effects of a 10-week group cognitive-behavioral stress management (cbsm) intervention on mood and immunologic parameters in hiv-seropositive gay men whose disease had progressed to a symptomatic stage. men were randomized to either cbsm or a modified waiting-list control group. the cbsm intervention significantly decreased self-reported dysphoria, anxiety, and total distress. individuals who practiced relaxation more consistently had significantly greater drops in dysphoria ... | 1997 | 9103732 |
| [virus-related neurological disorders complicating in compromised hosts]. | chance of opportunistic infections in hospitals is increasing year by year, because of the steady increase in the number of compromised hosts. opportunistic infections in the nervous system include fungal, protozoal, bacterial and viral infections. cytomegalovirus and herpes virus (hsv1 and hsv2) cause encephalitis, myelitis and radiculoneuritis. varicella-zoster virus (vzv) often causes herpes zoster, which sometimes disseminates when immunodeficiency is severe. vzv also causes encephalitis. pr ... | 1997 | 9103900 |
| genomic polymorphism in herpes simplex virus keratitis. | viruses are the major infectious agents causing conjunctivitis and keratoconjunctivitis. two antigenic types, herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2), can be recognized in which numerous genomic variants or genotypes have been described. hsv-1 infection is one of the major causes of blindness. different strains can induce different types of ocular lesions. twelve patients with acute herpetic epithelial keratitis were studied by monoclonal antibodies and restriction enzymes, and ni ... | 1997 | 9106185 |
| anti-herpetic activity of various medicinal plant extracts. | in order to find antiviral compounds againstherpes simplex virus type i (hsv-1) and ii (hsv-2) from natural products, a convenient virus-induced cytopathic effect (cpe) inhibition assay was introduced. more than 300 fractions were prepared by solvent fractionation from sixty collected plants or purchased herbal medicines, and their anti-herpetic activities were evaluated. among them, several medicinal plants showed potent anti-herpetic activity. selective indexes (si) of the etoac extract of car ... | 1997 | 18975213 |
| [construction of recombinant vaccinia virus expressing hsv-2 gd gene as live recombinant vaccine strain]. | we had reported that the recombinant vaccinia virus expressing glycoprotein d of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2 gd) protected mice against lethal hsv-2 challenge. following the succeed in animal model, we continue the research to construct the recombinant vaccinia virus expressing hsv-2 gd gene as live recombinant vaccine strain in strict accordance with the guideline for human vaccine research. a pcr-modified hsv-2 gd gene was inserted into the plasmid pjsb1175, under the control of p7.5k e ... | 1997 | 15619895 |
| herpes study and resources. | herpes is caused by a virus that causes recurring bouts of cold sores or genital lesions. the differences between herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) and herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) are explained. herpes outbreaks can become harder to treat when the immune system is damaged by hiv. acyclovir and famciclovir are safe and effective treatments, but preventing infection is especially important in hiv-infected individuals, as the amount of hiv in the blood increases during a herpes outbreak. world wide ... | 1997 | 11364615 |
| hsv-2 and hiv: consequences of an endemic opportunistic infection. | people with hiv are also frequently co-infected with herpes simplex viruses (hsv), although the interactions between the two are not fully understood. evidence suggests that hsv is a risk factor for the transmission of hiv, is a common opportunistic pathogen in hiv-infected persons, and that hsv reactivation appears to regulate hiv replication. the clinical significance of these interactions is not well defined. current information about the hsv-hiv interaction is reviewed, and future research p ... | 1997 | 11364936 |
| [herpetic gingivostomatitis on the basis of infection with hsv type 2]. | 1997 | 11923919 | |
| herpes simplex virus 2 causes apoptotic infection in monocytoid cells. | increasing evidence indicates that apoptosis can be associated with several viral infections. here we demonstrate, that infection of monocytoid cells by herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) resulted, in time- and dose-dependent induction of apoptosis as an exclusive cytopathic effect. the phenomenon was confirmed using four different techniques. conversely, apoptosis was not observed in the vero cell line. virus yield in monocytoid cells was delayed and reduced, although well detectable, in comparison ... | 1997 | 14555977 |
| [the relationship between herpes simplex virus ii, human papillomavirus infection and infertility after artificial abortion]. | in order to study the relationship between infection of sexually transmitted virus herpes simplex virus ii (hsv2), human papillomavirus (hpv) and female infertility after artificial abortion, we collected 60 genital samples from infertile women who had accepted artificial abortions and 39 genital samples from normal women. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to detect hsv2 and hpv. the results were compared by x2. the positive rate of hsv2 in infertile and normal women were 80.0% and 25.6% ... | 1998 | 12515196 |
| cdc studies link between herpes and hiv prevention. centers for disease control and prevention. | the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) convened a group of consultants to study the link between genital herpes (hsv-2) and hiv. there are high numbers of herpes cases reported in the united states, and accurate, type-specific assays are now available to determine whether asymptomatic people are virus carriers. the prevalence of hsv-2 in the hiv epidemic is thought to be greatest among heterosexuals, with infected persons being twice as likely to acquire hiv. the cdc is urged to co ... | 1998 | 11365590 |
| prevalence of serum antibodies to la-1 oncoprotein, herpes simplex virus type-2 glycoprotein and human papillomavirus type 16 transactivator (e2) protein among indian women with cervical neoplasia. | prevalence of serum antibodies to synthetic peptide to oncoprotein of la-1 known as oncogene of herpes simplex virus type-2, herpes simplex virus type-2 glycoprotein-d as an determinant of viral pathogenicity and human papillomavirus type 16 transactivator e2 protein was studied among 46 indian women with cervical neoplasia using immunoblot assay for hsv-2 gd glycoprotein and la-1 antibodies as well as peptide elisa assay to detect hpv16 e2 antibodies. the seropositivity to la-1 oncoprotein was ... | 1998 | 10356958 |
| observations regarding the neurocytokaryological study of the experimental infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in the white mouse. | mice distributed in groups were inoculated with the herpes virus simplex type 1 and type 2 strains in various dilutions (10(-1)-10(-7)), which had been maintained on primary human embryo cell cultures. the animals were killed and homogenates were prepared of their brains, which were used for testing the infective titre in vivo and for the isolation of nuclei, by means of the hymer-kuff technique. for the cytokaryological examinations, smears were prepared from the homogenate, which were stained ... | 1998 | 10892432 |
| idsa '98 highlights. | the annual meeting of the infectious diseases society of america (idsa) focused on reasons for hiv treatment failure, modification of failed treatment, and costs and adverse effects of therapy. featured were studies on virological rebound during antiretroviral therapy and hormonal therapy given to patients exhibiting lipodystrophy-associated body changes. more than 90% of hiv-positive individuals display evidence of previous herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection. a correlation drawn between the a ... | 1998 | 11366378 |
| a case of vulvitis circumscripta plasmacellularis positive for herpes simplex type ii antigen. | 1998 | 10233608 | |
| neonatal stridor in association with herpes simplex infection of the larynx. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection in the neonatal period may be confined to the eyes, skin and upper aerodigestive tract or may be widely disseminated to other organs, with particular recognition of involvement of the central nervous system (cns) causing herpes encephalitis (whitley et al., 1980a, b; andersen, 1987). primary laryngeal hsv infection is extremely uncommon. we present a case of acute neonatal stridor secondary to such localized disease and discuss its management. | 1998 | 10209621 |
| prevalence of herpes simplex type 2 antibodies and a clinical history of herpes in three different populations in campinas city, brazil. | to determine the seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) antibodies and the relation between the history of clinical herpes and the presence of type-specific hsv-2 antibodies in three different populations from the city of campinas city, brazil. | 1998 | 10225987 |
| antibody responses to the herpes simplex virus type 2 glycoprotein g in sera of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in slovakia. | thirty sera of human immunodeficiency virus-positive (hiv+) and 37 sera of hiv-negative (hiv-) individuals in slovakia were tested for the presence of antibodies to herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) glycoprotein g (gg). a notable difference between the prevalence of hsv-2-specific antibodies in hiv+ and that in hiv- individuals was found (37% vs. 11%) confirming and extending previous reports that hsv-2 infection is an important risk factor for hiv transmission. efforts toward the detection of ... | 1998 | 10358733 |
| analysis of nucleotide sequence variations in herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, and varicella-zoster virus. | to analyze the difference in the degree of divergence between genes from identical herpesvirus species, we examined the nucleotide sequence of genes from the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) strains vr-3 and 17 encoding thymidine kinase (tk), deoxyribonuclease (dnase), protein kinase (pk; ul13) and virion-associated host shutoff (vhs) protein (ul41). the frequency of nucleotide substitutions per 1 kb in tk gene was 2.5 to 4.3 times higher than those in the other three genes. to prove that the ... | 1998 | 10358747 |
| seroprevalence study of herpes simplex virus type 2 among pregnant women in germany using a type-specific enzyme immunoassay. | in a german seroepidemiological study to determine the proportion of pregnant women infected with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) and at risk of transmitting the infection to the newborn during delivery, igg antibodies to hsv-2 in 1999 sera collected from pregnant women in 1996-1997 were measured using an automated type-specific enzyme immunoassay (cobas core hsv-2 igg eia; roche diagnostics, switzerland). the seroprevalence of hsv-2 was 8.9%, and control studies with a type-common hsv assay ... | 1998 | 10052553 |
| disabled infectious single cycle (disc) herpes simplex virus as a vector for immunotherapy of cancer. | 1998 | 10026900 | |
| the primary production of an infectious recombinant herpes simplex virus vaccine. | the production and extracellular release of a recombinant herpes simplex virus (type 2) from monolayers of infected complementing vero cells (cr2) are addressed. growth and virus production conditions are identified that provide adequate virus titers with cell seeding densities and viral multiplicities of infection that could be reasonably handled in manufacturing. harvesting by sonication of cell monolayers is shown to give the highest recovery of infectious virus (to 2.5 x 10(6) pfu/ml) but le ... | 1998 | 10099202 |
| public and personal health implications of asymptomatic viral shedding in genital herpes. | 1998 | 10195042 | |
| control of stds--the role of prophylactic vaccines against herpes simplex virus. | to summarise the current status of genital herpes simplex virus (hsv) vaccine development and provide a discussion of the potential benefits and limitations of genital herpes vaccines. | 1998 | 10195045 |
| herpes simplex virus infection in pregnancy: diagnosis and significance. | herpes simplex viruses (hsv) cause genital infections, and hsv infection during pregnancy can result in infection of the neonate. here hsv structure and replication,viral pathogenesis, human immune responses to hsv, the epidemiology, details of hsv diagnosis with emphasis on typing, clinical features and antiviral treatment are reviewed. the importance of appropriate diagnostic procedures in relation to correct risk assessment of neonatal infection is emphasized. | 1998 | 10213894 |
| effect of copper acyclovir complexes on herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 (hsv-1, hsv-2) infection in cultured cells. | we have found that when copper, zinc or cobalt is bound to a suitable ligand, the appropriate complex exhibited a significant anti-hsv effect (varadinova et al., 1993; 1996). recently published data by sagripanti et al. (1997) also show that the inhibition of hsv by copper was enhanced by reducing agents and that mechanism of the inactivation is similar as for copper-mediated dna damage (aruoma, et al. 1991; dizdaroglu, et al., 1991; toyokuni and sagripanti, 1994). therefore it was interesting t ... | 1998 | 18475820 |
| correction: effect of copper acyclovir complexes on herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 (hsv-1, hsv-2) infection in cultured cells. | 1998 | 18475863 | |
| herpesvirus vaccines: an update. | the development of vaccines against the herpesviruses has major public health importance because of the wide spectrum of associated clinical disease with this virus in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised populations. because these viruses establish latent infections capable of subsequent reactivation, both immunotherapeutic and prophylactic vaccine strategies are needed. a range of vaccine formulations has been devised, largely as a result of the rapid growth in knowledge in molecular mic ... | 1998 | 18020599 |
| disinfection of eyelid speculums for retinopathy of prematurity examination. | to evaluate the effectiveness of 70% isopropyl alcohol swabs in disinfecting eyelid speculums after examination for retinopathy of prematurity. | 1998 | 9747678 |
| a cell cycle model for the tachyzoite of toxoplasma gondii using the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase. | toxoplasma gondii (rh strain) tachyzoites were transfected with a plasmid containing a fusion of the chloramphenicol acetyl transferase and the herpes simplex virus-2 thymidine kinase coding regions and transgenic parasites obtained by chloramphenicol selection. ctk11, a single high expressing clone was isolated based on immunofluorescence and contained approximately five integrated copies of the fusion sequence. lysates prepared from this clone displayed thymidine kinase activity of 2.9 pmol mi ... | 1998 | 9747974 |
| briarane diterpenes from the indian ocean gorgonian gorgonella umbraculum. | three briarane diterpenes, junceellin (1), praelolide (2), and compound 3 (of which 3 is new), were isolated from the gorgonian gorgonella umbraculum (eii & sol), and their structures were established on the basis of their spectral data. | 1998 | 9748378 |
| suppression of recurrent genital herpes simplex virus type 2 infection by rhus javanica in guinea pigs. | rhus javanica has been shown to exhibit anti-herpes simplex virus (hsv) activity and potentiate the anti-hsv activity of acyclovir in vitro and in vivo. this extract was examined for its suppressive efficacy on recurrent genital infection in guinea pigs. guinea pigs were primarily infected intravaginally with hsv type 2 (hsv-2). prophylactic oral administration, at the dose corresponding to human use, of r. javanica significantly reduced the incidence, severity and/or frequency of spontaneous an ... | 1998 | 9754947 |
| antiviral activity of viracea against acyclovir susceptible and acyclovir resistant strains of herpes simplex virus. | viracea, a topical microbicide, is a blend of benzalkonium chloride and phytochemicals derived from echinacea purpurea and is a proprietary formula from destiny biomedix corp. viracea was tested against 40 strains of herpes simplex virus (hsv): 15 strains (five hsv-1 and ten hsv-2) were resistant to acyclovir (acv-r) and 25 strains (13 hsv-1 and 12 hsv-2) were susceptible to acv (acv-s). the median ed50 of viracea for the five acv-r strains of hsv-1 was a 1:100 dilution of the drug with a range ... | 1998 | 9754950 |
| structural basis of specificity and degeneracy of t cell recognition: pluriallelic restriction of t cell responses to a peptide antigen involves both specific and promiscuous interactions between the t cell receptor, peptide, and hla-dr. | tcr engagement of peptide-mhc class ii ligands involves specific contacts between the tcr and residues on both the mhc and peptide molecules. we have used molecular modeling and assays of peptide binding and t cell function to characterize these interactions for a cd4+ th1 cell clone, esl4.34, which recognizes a peptide epitope of the herpes simplex type 2 virus virion protein, vp16 393-405, in the context of several hla-dr alleles. this clone responded to vp16 393-405 in proliferation and cytot ... | 1998 | 9759873 |
| pseudotumour of the tongue caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 in an hiv-1 infected immunosuppressed patient. | an hiv-1 infected immunosuppressed patient (cd4+ cell counts: 382 cells/microl; viral load 94,000 copies/ml) with recurrent perianal herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infections is described, showing an unusual exophytic tumour resembling a squamous cell carcinoma in the lateral part of the tongue. he also had persistent facial herpes infection, oral candidosis, oral hairy leukoplakia and lymphadenopathy. the presence of hsv-2 was detected by polymerase chain reaction both in smears and in a t ... | 1998 | 9764162 |
| the pk domain of the large subunit of herpes simplex virus type 2 ribonucleotide reductase (icp10) is required for immediate-early gene expression and virus growth. | the large subunit of herpes simplex virus (hsv) ribonucleotide reductase (rr), rr1, contains a unique amino-terminal domain which has serine/threonine protein kinase (pk) activity. to examine the role of the pk activity in virus replication, we studied an hsv type 2 (hsv-2) mutant with a deletion in the rr1 pk domain (icp10deltapk). icp10deltapk expressed a 95-kda rr1 protein (p95) which was pk negative but retained the ability to complex with the small rr subunit, rr2. its rr activity was simil ... | 1998 | 9765459 |
| herpesvirus thymidine kinase transgenes that do not cause male sterility are aberrantly transcribed and translated in the testis. | mice that carry the wild-type herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv1) thymidine kinase (tk) gene coupled to the bovine thyroglobulin (btg) promoter (btg-tk1 mice) express viral tk at a high level in the thyroid gland, and at an equally high level, ectopically, in the testis, which renders the males sterile. when the btg promoter was coupled either to a variant of hsv1-tk (differing from the wild type in 2 nucleotides) (btg-tk1alpha mice) or to the herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv2) tk gene (btg-tk2 m ... | 1998 | 9767091 |
| [iatrogenic aseptic meningitis]. | 1998 | 9767811 | |
| characterization of a type-common human recombinant monoclonal antibody to herpes simplex virus with high therapeutic potential. | we report the characterization of a type-common human recombinant monoclonal antibody previously isolated by antigen selection from a phage-displayed combinatorial antibody library established from a herpes simplex virus (hsv)-seropositive individual. competition with well-characterized murine monoclonal antibodies and immunodetection of gd truncations revealed that this antibody recognizes the group ib antigenic site of glycoprotein d, a highly conserved and protective type-common determinant. ... | 1998 | 9774565 |
| 5-substituted pyrimidines with a 1,5-anhydro-2, 3-dideoxy-d-arabino-hexitol moiety at n-1: synthesis, antiviral activity, conformational analysis, and interaction with viral thymidine kinase. | a new series of anhydrohexitol nucleosides are described. these compounds have a pyrimidine base moiety substituted in the 5-position with a chloro (1b), trifluoromethyl (1c), vinyl (1d), 2-thienyl (1e), ethynyl (1f) or propynyl (1g) substituent. the vinyl, propynyl, and, in particular, the 5-trifluoromethyl analogue showed potent activity against herpes simplex virus (hsv), 1c with a selectivity index of >16000 against hsv-1 and >1000 against hsv-2. conformational analysis of anhydrohexitol nuc ... | 1998 | 9784109 |
| [structural organization of 2c-terminal region and its analogs in a subunit of ribonucleotide reductase from herpes virus]. | by means of conformational analysis, the spatial structure and conformational potential of the h-tyr-ala-gly-ala-val-val-asn-asp-leu-oh molecule, which corresponds to sequence 329-337 of the subunit 2 c-terminal region of the herpes virus ribonucleotide reductase, were studied. it was shown that its spatial organization can be described by a set of 17 low-energy conformations of the backbone. the "reverse conformational problem" for this molecule was solved to enable the prediction of a series o ... | 1998 | 9784878 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 dna detected in cerebrospinal fluid of 9 patients with mollaret's meningitis. | we present clinical and virological data on 9 patients, 7 women and 2 men aged 31-56 years, with recurrent aseptic meningitis (mollaret's meningitis). polymerase chain reaction detected herpes simplex virus type 2 dna in cerebrospinal fluid samples from all patients collected during their latest attacks of meningitis. six patients had no history of genital herpes. only 1 patient was offered prophylactic antiviral treatment during the study period (45 months). | 1998 | 9786620 |
| pharmacokinetics of oral valacyclovir and acyclovir in late pregnancy. | the objective was to obtain preliminary pharmacokinetic data for acyclovir from gravid women receiving herpes simplex virus suppressive therapy with the acyclovir prodrug valacyclovir. | 1998 | 9790357 |
| a comparison of biodegradable microparticles and mf59 as systemic adjuvants for recombinant gd from hsv-2. | a recombinant form of glycoprotein d from herpes simplex virus type-2 (gd2) was encapsulated into polylactide-co-glycolide (plg) microparticles using a previously established solvent evaporation technique. the mean size of the microparticles was about 1 micron and high encapsulation efficiency of the antigen was achieved (70-80%). the microparticles were administered intramuscularly to balb/c mice and the immune responses were compared with those obtained with the oil in water adjuvant mf59. the ... | 1998 | 9795387 |
| detection of microorganisms in vessel wall specimens of the abdominal aorta: development of a pcr assay in the absence of a gold standard. | a procedure in which the "invitrogen easy-dna" kit was followed by a silica-based method for the isolation of dna was developed for extraction of pcr-inhibitor-free dna from up to 300 mg of human vessel wall tissue. optimally designed pcr assays were developed for the detection of at least one infected cell in this amount of tissue. details of the procedure are given for the detection of dna of chlamydia pneumoniae, cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in human vessel walls ... | 1998 | 9795995 |
| [recurrent mollaret's meningitis of herpetic origin]. | benign recurrent meningitis, or mollaret's meningitis, is an uncommon disease whose viral origin was long unidentified. since 1991, about twenty cases have been reported in patients with herpes infection. | 1998 | 9798461 |
| carrageenan-based nonoxynol-9 spermicides for prevention of sexually transmitted infections. | carrageenan-based nonoxynol-9 (n-9)-containing formulations were developed in response to the concern that over the counter (otc) spermicides may not protect people from hiv infection and other sexually transmitted pathogens. | 1998 | 9800263 |
| herpes simplex virus shedding among human immunodeficiency virus-negative men who have sex with men: site and frequency of shedding. | the frequency and anatomic location of subclinical and symptomatic herpes simplex virus (hsv) shedding were evaluated among human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-negative hsv-2-seropositive men who have sex with men (msm). eight men attended a research clinic daily for 30 days for a detailed genital examination and anoscopy with colposcopy to detect herpes lesions. hsv cultures were obtained daily from four sites (perianal, urethral, penile shaft, and oral) at home and the research clinic. signs an ... | 1998 | 9806024 |
| herpes simplex virus as a transneuronal tracer. | determining the connections of neural systems is critical for determining how they function. in this review, we focus on the use of hsv-1 and hsv-2 as transneuronal tracers. using hsv to examine neural circuits is technically simple. hsv is injected into the area of interest, and after several days, the animals are perfused and processed for immunohistochemistry with antibodies to hsv proteins. variables which influence hsv infection include species of host, age of host, titre of virus, strain o ... | 1998 | 9809305 |
| differential intracellular compartmentalization of herpetic thymidine kinases (tks) in tk gene-transfected tumor cells: molecular characterization of the nuclear localization signal of herpes simplex virus type 1 tk. | the thymidine kinases (tks) of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), hsv-2, and varicella-zoster virus (vzv) were expressed in human osteosarcoma cells as fusion proteins with the green fluorescent protein (gfp), and their intracellular localizations were determined. the three tk-gfp fusion products were localized in different subcellular compartments of the transfected tumor cells. hsv-1 tk-gfp was localized exclusively in the nucleus, hsv-2 tk-gfp was predominantly found in the cytosol, while v ... | 1998 | 9811686 |
| immunization with a single major histocompatibility complex class i-restricted cytotoxic t-lymphocyte recognition epitope of herpes simplex virus type 2 confers protective immunity. | we have evaluated the potential of conferring protective immunity to herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) by selectively inducing an hsv-specific cd8(+) cytotoxic t-lymphocyte (ctl) response directed against a single major histocompatibility complex class i-restricted ctl recognition epitope. we generated a recombinant vaccinia virus (rvv-es-gb498-505) which expresses the h-2kb-restricted, hsv-1/2-cross-reactive ctl recognition epitope, hsv glycoprotein b residues 498 to 505 (ssiefarl) (gb498-505 ... | 1998 | 9811690 |
| the ectodomain of a novel member of the immunoglobulin subfamily related to the poliovirus receptor has the attributes of a bona fide receptor for herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in human cells. | we report on the functional cloning of a hitherto unknown member of the immunoglobulin (ig) superfamily selected for its ability to confer susceptibility to herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection on a highly resistant cell line (j1.1-2 cells), derived by exposure of bhktk- cells to a recombinant hsv-1 expressing tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha). the sequence of herpesvirus ig-like receptor (higr) predicts a transmembrane protein with an ectodomain consisting of three cysteine-bracketed doma ... | 1998 | 9811737 |
| treatment of acyclovir-resistant herpetic ulceration with topical foscarnet and antiviral sensitivity analysis. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) can produce persistent mucocutaneous disease in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). in this case report, we evaluate the efficacy, safety and viral resistance after topical foscarnet in severe genital ulceration due to acyclovir-resistant hsv-2. | 1998 | 9812037 |
| incidence of hiv and sexually transmitted diseases (std) in a cohort of hiv-negative men who have sex with men (msm). | to determine the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (std) and incidence of and risk factors for std, including hiv-1, among a cohort of hiv-negative men who have sex with men (msm). | 1998 | 9814873 |
| frequency of symptomatic and asymptomatic herpes simplex virus type 2 reactivations among human immunodeficiency virus-infected men. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection is common in persons coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). in a prospective study, daily viral cultures of the mouth, genitals, and rectum were collected from 68 hiv-positive and 13 hiv-negative men who have sex with men. subjects completed a median of 57 days of follow-up. anogenital hsv-2 cultures were positive on 405 (9.7%) of 4167 days for hiv-positive men and on 24 (3.1%) of 766 days for hiv-negative men. most reactivations were perirectal ... | 1998 | 9815213 |
| characterization of the herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) us2 gene product and a us2-deficient hsv-2 mutant. | the herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) us2 gene product was identified by using a rabbit polyclonal antiserum raised against a recombinant 6 x his-us2 fusion protein expressed in escherichia coli. the antiserum reacted specifically with a 39 kda protein in hsv-2 strain 186-infected cell lysates. the protein was not detectable in the presence of the virus dna synthesis inhibitor phosphonoacetic acid. indirect immunofluorescence studies localized the us2 protein in the cytoplasm and as discrete g ... | 1998 | 9820154 |
| nf-kappab activation is responsible for the synergistic effect of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection on interferon-gamma-induced nitric oxide production in macrophages. | nitric oxide (no), produced in interferon (ifn)-gamma-activated murine macrophages by the enzyme inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos), has been found to have antiviral properties. we have previously shown that herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection of macrophages synergistically enhances ifn-gamma-induced no production, and we now extend these findings by providing evidence that virus-induced tumour necrosis factor (tnf)-alpha mediates activation of the transcription factor nuclear fact ... | 1998 | 9820155 |
| performance of six cell lines in the suspension-infection test used for the detection of herpes simplex virus. | six cell lines were assessed in the suspension-infection (si) test for suitability for the rapid culture of herpes simplex virus (hsv). for the si test, the specimen was combined in growth medium with trypsinized, suspended culture cells before allowing the cells to settle into a monolayer growth pattern. the cells tested in the si assay were mv1-lu, vero c1008, bsc-1, rd, and mrc-9 cells. fifty clinical specimens composed of 7 hsv-1-positive samples, 9 hsv-2-positive samples, 12 positive for hs ... | 1998 | 9823529 |
| immunity to vaginal hsv-2 infection in immunoglobulin a knockout mice. | an immunoglobulin a (iga) knockout (ko) mouse was used to study the role of iga in protective immunity against vaginal infection with herpes simplex virus-type 2 (hsv-2). intact and ko mice were immunized intravaginally (ivag) with attenuated hsv-2, challenged ivag with wild-type virus 6 weeks later and evaluated for vaginal infection and neurological disease. non-immunized/challenged intact and ko mice showed vaginal infection and succumbed to neurological disease, while immunized/challenged mi ... | 1998 | 9824477 |
| sexually transmitted diseases and human immunodeficiency virus infection: cause, effect, or both? | the infectiousness of the index case and the susceptibility of the exposed host mediate the sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). infectiousness of the index case is determined by the inoculum of hiv and viral factors that favor transmission. persons with primary infection, late stage disease, or low cd4 counts appear to transmit hiv with greater efficiency, presumably through increased viral burden in genital secretions. susceptibility to hiv infection is determined by here ... | 1998 | 9831668 |
| herpes simplex type ii and mycoplasma genitalium as risk factors for heterosexual hiv transmission: report from the heterosexual hiv transmission study. | two hundred twenty-four human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) discordant couples (one hiv negative, one hiv positive) were compared with 78 seroconcordant heterosexually infected couples with hiv with regard to sexually transmitted diseases. | 1998 | 9831669 |
| the antiherpesvirus activity of h2g [(r)-9-[4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)butyl]guanine] is markedly enhanced by the novel immunosuppressive agent mycophenolate mofetil. | mycophenolate mofetil (mmf) has been approved as an immunosuppressive agent in kidney transplant recipients and may thus be used concomitantly with antiherpetic agents, which are used for the treatment of intercurrent herpesvirus infections. we have recently demonstrated that mmf and its parent compound mycophenolic acid (mpa), which is a potent inhibitor of imp dehydrogenase, potentiate the antiherpesvirus activity of acyclovir, ganciclovir, and penciclovir. we have now evaluated the antiviral ... | 1998 | 9835529 |
| a comparison of pcr with virus isolation and direct antigen detection for diagnosis and typing of genital herpes. | patients attending the genitourinary medicine clinic at watford general hospital, uk, were examined for clinical signs of genital herpes infection. genital swabs were taken from 194 patients (126 female, 68 male) who presented with genital ulceration or symptoms which were suggestive of genital herpes infection. swabs from these patients were tested by three methods: (i) detection of herpes simplex virus (hsv) antigen by direct hsv enzyme immunoassay (eia), (ii) hsv isolation in vero cell cultur ... | 1998 | 9598940 |
| an indolent penile herpetic ulcer in a patient with previously undiagnosed human immunodeficiency virus infection. | we report a case of an atypical penile herpetic ulcer in a man with previously undiagnosed human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. swabs of the lesion were negative for herpes simplex virus (hsv) by culture and electron microscopy. however, histopathology of biopsy material showed characteristic herpetic multinucleate giant cells. immunochemistry using polyclonal antibodies was positive for hsv1 and hsv2. the lesion completely resolved after treatment with aciclovir and the patient subsequ ... | 1998 | 9602886 |
| localization of type-specific epitopes of herpes simplex virus type 2 glycoprotein g recognized by human and mouse antibodies. | glycoprotein g is a major target for the humoral immune response against herpes simplex virus (hsv) and a prototype antigen for type-specific serodiagnosis discriminating hsv-1 and hsv-2 infections. the mature part of hsv-2 glycoprotein g-2 (gg-2) contains a unique stretch suspected to mediate type specificity, and in addition a region homologous to hsv-1 glycoprotein g-1 (gg-1). antigenic determinants of the mature gg-2 were mapped by testing the reactivity of mouse anti-gg-2 monoclonal antibod ... | 1998 | 9603337 |
| herpes simplex virus myelitis: clinical manifestations and diagnosis by the polymerase chain reaction method. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) myelitis has previously been reported to be a form of acute ascending necrotizing myelitis caused by hsv type 2 (hsv-2). we studied neurological symptoms, clinical course, magnetic resonance imaging (mri) findings, and diagnosis by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) methods in 9 patients with hsv myelitis. in 6 cases, disease onset was marked by sensorimotor disturbances of lower extremities and urinary disturbances, with the transverse myelopathy gradually ascending to t ... | 1998 | 9605393 |
| does the latency associated transcript (lat) of herpes simplex virus (hsv) function as a ribozyme during viral reactivation? | the latency associated transcript (lat) of herpes simplex virus (hsv) appears to exist as an rna molecule only. this phenomenon is consistent with the concept of functioning at an rna level, and several lines of evidence suggest that the lat may be a ribozyme. this provides an insight into understanding the role of lat during hsv reactivation. | 1998 | 9608658 |
| serologic profile of some sexually transmitted diseases in women with squamous intraepithelial lesions. | the purpose of this study consisted of the evaluation of some sexually transmitted diseases in patients with cervical pathology, namely squamous intraepithelial lesions. | 1998 | 9611052 |
| activity of n-chlorotaurine against herpes simplex- and adenoviruses. | n-chlorotaurine, an essential weak oxidant produced by stimulated human leukocytes, is known to have bactericidal, fungicidal and vermicidal properties. this study for the first time demonstrates its virucidal activity. by viral suspension tests at incubation times between 5 and 60 min, virus titers of both herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 were reduced about 1.3-2.9 log10 and 2.8-4.2 log10 by 0.1 and 1%, (5.5 and 55 mm) n-chlorotaurine, respectively. virus titer reduction of adenovirus type 5 b ... | 1998 | 9614001 |
| superior cytostatic activity of the ganciclovir elaidic acid ester due to the prolonged intracellular retention of ganciclovir anabolites in herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase gene-transfected tumor cells. | ganciclovir (gcv) and its lipophilic elaidic acid ester prodrug e-gcv were evaluated for their antiherpetic, cytostatic and metabolic properties, e-gcv proved exquisitely inhibitory to the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2 in cell cultures (50% effective concentration (ec50): 0.002 microm). it was five- to 10-fold more effective than its parent drug gcv. e-gcv was at least 2000-fold more cytostatic to hsv-1 or hsv-2 thymidine kinase (tk) gene-transfected mammary carcin ... | 1998 | 9614564 |
| entry of alphaherpesviruses mediated by poliovirus receptor-related protein 1 and poliovirus receptor. | a human member of the immunoglobulin superfamily was shown to mediate entry of several alphaherpesviruses, including herpes simplex viruses (hsv) 1 and 2, porcine pseudorabies virus (prv), and bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1). this membrane glycoprotein is poliovirus receptor-related protein 1 (prr1), designated here as hvec. incubation of hsv-1 with a secreted form of hvec inhibited subsequent infection of a variety of cell lines, suggesting that hvec interacts directly with the virus. poliovirus r ... | 1998 | 9616127 |
| immunity to vaginal infection by herpes simplex virus type 2 in adult mice: characterization of the immunoglobulins in vaginal mucus. | progestin-treated female mice are susceptible to vaginal infection by two sexually transmitted disease organisms: herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) and chlamydia trachomatis. vaccination of mice with hsv-2 or chlamydial antigens elicits immunity to vaginal infection that may be due in part to secreted antibodies in the vaginal lumen. analysis of the role of these antibodies in immunity would be aided by information about the vaginal secretion in progestin-treated mice and the antibodies it con ... | 1998 | 9616875 |
| a therapeutic vaccine that reduces recurrent herpes simplex virus type 1 corneal disease. | to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of periocular vaccination with herpes simplex virus (hsv) recombinant glycoprotein d from hsv-1 (gd1) or hsv-2 (gd2) in decreasing hsv-induced recurrent dendritic keratitis and hsv-induced recurrent ocular shedding in rabbits latently infected with hsv-1. | 1998 | 9620075 |
| ul27.5 is a novel gamma2 gene antisense to the herpes simplex virus 1 gene encoding glycoprotein b. | an antibody made against the herpes simplex virus 1 us5 gene predicted to encode glycoprotein j was found to react strongly with two proteins, one with an apparent mr of 23,000 and mapping in the s component and one with a herpes simplex virus protein with an apparent mr of 43,000. the antibody also reacted with herpes simplex virus type 2 proteins forming several bands with apparent mrs ranging from 43,000 to 50,000. mapping studies based on intertypic recombinants, analyses of deletion mutants ... | 1998 | 9621069 |
| prevalence of herpes simplex virus infection in patients suspected of genital herpes; and virus typing by type specific fluorescent monoclonal antibodies. | during the period between april 1994 and february 1996, a total of 154 female patients who attended the clinic of female sexually transmitted diseases, siriraj hospital with clinical symptoms suspected of genital herpes were investigated for herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection by the virus isolation method in vero cell cultures. swabs from external genital lesions and the cervix from each patient were collected separately and used as the clinical specimens for isolation of hsv. the virus isolat ... | 1998 | 9623019 |
| to treat or not to treat? | 1998 | 9623969 | |
| predicting and preventing the emergence of antiviral drug resistance in hsv-2. | genital herpes, caused by herpes simplex virus, is the most prevalent sexually transmitted disease worldwide. in many developing countries genital herpes is untreated, and in the united states only 10% of cases are treated. we present a mathematical model that we use as a health policy tool to predict the levels of antiviral drug resistance that would emerge, if treatment rates were increased, and to identify the key factors in determining the emergence of drug resistance. we use our results to ... | 1998 | 9623975 |
| relationship of stable integration of herpes simplex virus-2 bg/ii n subfragment xho2 to malignant transformation of human papillomavirus-immortalized cervical keratinocytes. | transfection of the right end xho2 subfragment of bg/ii n of herpes simplex virus-2 (hsv-2) into human genital keratinocytes immortalized by human papillomavirus (hpv) type 16 or 18 resulted in invasive and noninvasive indolent cystic squamous carcinomas when cells were injected into immunocompromised mice. retention and expression of the right end portion of the bg/ii n fragment correlated with malignancy, as the corresponding hsv-2 sequences were integrated and transcribed in the tumorigenic c ... | 1998 | 9626354 |
| a nested-pcr assay for the simultaneous amplification of hsv-1, hsv-2, and hcmv genomes in patients with presumed herpetic cns infections. | to facilitate early diagnosis of herpes virus infection of the central nervous system (cns), a nested polymerase chain reaction (npcr) assay was developed to test simultaneously for the presence of hsv-1, hsv-2, and hcmv dna in the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) of patients with herpetic cns disease suspected on clinical grounds. the virus type-specific pcr products were differentiated either by agarose gel electrophoresis or by dna enzyme immunoassay. using titrated viral stocks as standards, a sens ... | 1998 | 9628226 |
| [significance of antibodies to herpesviridae viruses detectable in rheumatic diseases]. | to assay antibodies to cytomegalovirus (cmv), herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (hsv-1, hsv-2) and epstein-barr virus (ebv) in rheumatic patients and to clarify clinical correlations. | 1998 | 9644741 |
| characterization of the ul16 gene product of herpes simplex virus type 2. | we have raised rabbit polyclonal antisera against a his-tagged herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) ul16 fusion protein, one of which very specifically reacted with 40 kda and 41 kda proteins in the lysates of hsv-1 and hsv-2-infected cells, respectively. since its reactivity to the 41 kda protein was clearly eliminated by pre-adsorption with e. coli lysates expressing the ul16 fusion protein, the antiserum was used to characterize the ul16 products of hsv-2. the hsv-2 ul16 protein was produced a ... | 1998 | 9645194 |
| t cell recognition motifs of an immunodominant peptide of myelin basic protein in patients with multiple sclerosis: structural requirements and clinical implications. | myelin basic protein (mbp)-reactive t cells may play an important role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (ms). the t cell response to the 83-99 region of mbp represents a dominant autoreactive response to mbp in ms patients of dr2 haplotype. in this study, a large panel of dr2- and dr4-restricted t cell clones specific for the mbp83-99 peptide were examined for the recognition motifs and structural requirements for antigen recognition using alanine-substituted peptides. our study reveale ... | 1998 | 9645371 |
| rapid detection, culture-amplification and typing of herpes simplex viruses by enzyme immunoassay in clinical samples. | the laboratory diagnosis of herpes simplex infection may require rapid (direct) tests, as well as cell cultures, for detection of the virus in clinical samples. the quantity of virus present in clinical samples is variable and this may depend on the period from onset of rash. in addition, not all patients may show obvious symptoms with this infection. the successful culture of herpes simplex virus requires prompt transportation after collection of the specimen as the virus is easily inactivated. ... | 1998 | 9646003 |
| cervical antibody responses to a herpes simplex virus type 2 glycoprotein subunit vaccine. | effective vaccines against genital herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) may need to induce genital tract immune responses. to determine local antibody responses to hsv-2 glycoproteins gb2 and gd2 in an intramuscular subunit vaccine, cervical secretions from hsv-seronegative women and hsv-1-seropositive women were tested for igg and iga to gb2 and gd2 by enhanced chemiluminescence western blot. most (94%) of the seronegative subjects developed cervical igg to gb2, igg to gd2, and iga to gb2; 72% d ... | 1998 | 9652416 |
| limited variability of glycoprotein gene sequences and neutralizing targets in herpes simplex virus type 2 isolates and stability on passage in cell culture. | nucleotide sequence analyses of polymerase chain reaction-amplified genes were performed to determine whether adaptation of herpes simplex virus type 2 to replication in cultured cells or in internal organs during neonatal disseminated disease results in selection of variants with altered forms of three glycoproteins (gb, gc, or gd) that influence virus entry into cells. no variations in sequence were noted as a consequence of in vitro passage or replication in different organs. five viruses fro ... | 1998 | 9652417 |
| t lymphocytes are required for protection of the vaginal mucosae and sensory ganglia of immune mice against reinfection with herpes simplex virus type 2. | intravaginal inoculation of mice with an attenuated strain of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) resulted in vigorous hsv-specific immune responses that protected against subsequent challenge with fully virulent hsv-2 strains. even in the presence of high titers of hsv-specific ab, t cell-dependent mechanisms were required for protection of the vaginal mucosae of hsv-immune mice and could be detected by 24 h after intravaginal reinoculation. depletion of specific t cell subsets from hsv-immune ... | 1998 | 9637526 |
| dendritic cells internalize vaccine adjuvant after intramuscular injection. | vaccine adjuvants help antigens elicit rapid, potent, and long-lasting immune responses. the lack of understanding of the immunological mechanism of action of adjuvants has limited the rational development of vaccines for human use. in particular, little is known about how the immune system processes adjuvants. the goal of the present study was to determine the fate of the vaccine adjuvant mf59, labeled with the fluorescent dye dil, after injection with fluorescein-labeled gd2 antigen from type ... | 1998 | 9637761 |
| isolation of a herpes simplex virus type 1-like agent from the brain of a mountain agile gibbon (hylobates agilis agilis) with encephalitis. | a captive-born 2-yr-old male mountain agile gibbon (hylobates agilis agilis) that died of encephalitis harbored a herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv1)-like agent in the brain. a complete necropsy revealed intensive meningeal congestion with nonsuppurative encephalitis. the virus was recovered from frozen brain tissue in vero cells. the isolate was very similar but not identical to human hsv1. both western blot assay and virus neutralization tests were done with sera from 15 gibbons. antibodies aga ... | 1998 | 9638628 |