Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| shigella at a wake in adelaide, june 1998. | 1998 | 9893341 | |
| involvement of an efflux system in high-level fluoroquinolone resistance of shigella dysenteriae. | shigella dysenteriae represent one of the growing list of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. quinolones are widely employed to treat shigellosis. however, quinolone resistance has already been reported, necessitating an understanding of the mechanisms of development of resistance. we demonstrate that high-level fluoroquinolone resistance of s. dysenteriae exposed to these antibiotics may occur in the absence of gyra mutations and involve a proton motive force(pmf)-dependent efflux system. | 1998 | 9439608 |
| inhibition of prokaryotic translation by the shiga toxin enzymatic subunit. | shiga toxin, produced by shigella dysenteriae serotype 1, is a member of the large family of ribosome-inactivating proteins (rips) which are primarily produced by plants. all rips are rrna n-glycosidases which inactivate ribosomes through the removal of a specific adenine residue from the well-conserved aminoacyl-trna-accepting loop of rrna. as a type ii rip, stx is believed to have little effect on prokaryotic ribosomes. however, we have demonstrated that over-expression of the stx enzymatic (a ... | 1998 | 9480794 |
| probiotic fermented food mixtures: possible applications in clinical anti-diarrhoea usage. | a probiotic fermented pcmt food mixture was developed by fermentation of an autoclaved and cooled slurry of pearl millet flour, chickpea flour, skim milk powder and fresh tomato pulp (pcmt 2:1:1:1, w/w) with lactobacillus acidophilus (10(5) cells/ml), a probiotic organism at 37 degrees c for 24 h. such a fermented mixture inhibited the growth of pathogenic organisms, namely shigella dysenteriae, salmonella typhosa and e. coli. a significant decline in ph with a corresponding increase in titratab ... | 1998 | 9502235 |
| trends in antibiotic resistance among diarrheal pathogens isolated in thailand over 15 years. | antibiotic resistance trends were examined for shigella species, nontyphoidal salmonella species, enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec), and campylobacter species isolates from indigenous persons and travelers in thailand for up to 15 years. resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was found in >90% of shigella and 40% of etec and nontyphoidal salmonella isolates. resistance to nalidixic acid was found in 97%-100% of shigella dysenteriae 1 strains isolated between 1992 and 1995. ciprofloxac ... | 1998 | 9502453 |
| synthesis of glycoconjugate vaccines against shigella dysenteriae type 1. | syntheses of a hexadecasaccharide and smaller fragments corresponding to one-four repeating units of the o-specific polysaccharide of shigella dysenteriae type 1 are reported in a reactive aglycon-linked from. two tetrasaccharide donor/acceptor repeating units were assembled from monosaccharide precursors in a stepwise fashion and used in a linear, iterative manner to construct the higher-membered saccharides using schmidt's glycosylation technique that proved superior to others tested. single-p ... | 1998 | 11672203 |
| radix puerariae in migraine. | 1998 | 108058 | |
| nk cell-sensitive t-cell subpopulation in thymus: inverse correlation to host nk activity. | 1998 | 105298 | |
| [diagnosis of magnesium deficiency should be encouraged (proceedings)]. | 1998 | 108548 | |
| formation of non-covalently linked igm polymers: dependence on the protein sulfhydryl groups and zinc ions. | 1998 | 108199 | |
| pharmacist directed drug information center--malcolm grow usaf medical center. | 1998 | 105321 | |
| crystallography of alpha-lactalbumin. iii. crystals of baboon milk alpha-lactalbumin. | 1998 | 106130 | |
| platelet function and occlusive vascular disease in diabetes mellitus. | 1998 | 106136 | |
| ["masked" supra-renal tumour (author's transl)]. | for the diagnosis of supra-renal tumours or tumours of supra-renal rests, it is necessary to employ all available radiological methods as well as the clinical data. two cases are described in which a supra-renal tumour had been "masked" and found at operation. in the first case a cyst in the tail of the pancreas had been considered, in the second, a tumour of the renal hilum or ureter had been diagnosed. it is concluded that in the differential diagnosis of a cyst of the tail of the pancreas, su ... | 1998 | 124685 |
| [intensive care at 14 kilometers altitude and 950 kilometers/hr]. | 1998 | 108571 | |
| rationales for public health insurance coverage of geriatric day care: issues, options, and impacts. | america's long-term care system has been widely criticized for many shortcomings. it relies too heavily upon institutional services, it is too costly, it forces inappropriate levels of care upon patients by offering too few options, in too many instances it offers inferior quality care, and it places too much emphasis on caring for physical ills without concern for enhancing patients' quality of life. alternative modes and settings now under consideration could solve one or more of these problem ... | 1998 | 107220 |
| [infectious gastroenteritis in childhood]. | 1998 | 106240 | |
| [malabsorption syndrome (classification and diagnosis)]. | 1998 | 107557 | |
| training of specialists for the biomedical sciences in the ussr. | 1998 | 2132951 | |
| [indications for operation of chronically recurring juvenile appendicitis]. | 1998 | 108578 | |
| [the long term care clinic in falun: active rehabilitation in a nice environment]. | 1998 | 108492 | |
| [acute mesenteric artery thrombosis]. | 1998 | 107396 | |
| the health care industry: a case study and future policy issues. | 1998 | 107218 | |
| ribosomal dna in drosophila melanogaster. i. isolation and characterization of cloned fragments. | 1998 | 106128 | |
| [use of small primates as experimental animals]. | 1998 | 107034 | |
| histochemical reactions in the walls of the large intestine in ulcerative colitis. | 1998 | 124801 | |
| haloperidol treatment of a sixty-year narcotic addiction: case report. | 1998 | 108622 | |
| gene complementation in the t-lymphocyte proliferative response to poly (glu55lys36phe9)n. a demonstration that both immune response gene products must be expressed in the same antigen-presenting cell. | the immune response (ir) to the random copolymer glphi depends upon the function of two ir genes, ir-glphi-beta[beta] and ir-glphi-alpha[alpha], mapped to the i-a and i-e/c subregions of the major histocompatibility complex, respectively. in this paper, the site(s) of expression of the products of these two ir genes was examined by evaluating t-lymphocyte proliferative responses of bone marrow radiation chimeras. chimeras were created in [alpha+beta- x alpha-beta+]f1 responder mice by lethal irr ... | 1998 | 105077 |
| antibiotic usage surveillance: an overview of the issues. | 1998 | 121379 | |
| long-term survival in multiple myeloma. | 1998 | 98920 | |
| [feeding of patients following total laryngectomy]. | 1998 | 108651 | |
| [irresponsible quarrel concerning mammography guidelines]. | 1998 | 108541 | |
| the genetic toxicology of phenoxy acids other than 2,4,5-t. | 1998 | 107443 | |
| morphologic effects of thio-tepa on mammalian urothelium. changes in abnormal cells. | morphologic changes induced by thio-tepa were examined in animals with chemically induced neoplasms. both toxic and metabolic effects were documented. degeneration, vacuolization and increased exfoliation (toxic) were most prominent, occurred within 48 hours of exposure, and tended to subside after removal of the drug. nuclear changes (metabolic) were rare and occurred late. neither toxic nor metabolic effects were specific for thio-tepa: both could be detected in control animals receiving salin ... | 1998 | 104512 |
| fetal heart rate during a maternal grand mal epileptic seizure. | although maternal ingestion of antiepileptic drugs is strongly suspected of causing congenital defects, particularly oral clefts, the effect of epilepsy itself or a combined effect of drug intake and epilepsy have not been excluded as etiological factors. very little is known about fetal oxygenation during a maternal grand mal epileptic seizure. we describe two cases in which fetal heart rate was recorded during a maternal epileptic seizure during labor. the first fetus became clearly asphyctic ... | 1998 | 106102 |
| influence of exchange volume and dialysate flow rate on solute clearance in peritoneal dialysis. | to find the ideal dialysate flow rate and exchange volume for use in long-term peritoneal dialysis, 10 patients were studied over a period of 1.5 yr. exchange volumes of 1 or 2 liters and dialysate flow rates of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 liters/hr were tested. dextrose concentration remained constant at 1.5 g/100 ml. peritoneal clearances for bun, creatinine, and uric acid were calculated at 2, 5, 10, 15, and 20 hr during dialysis making a total of 120 clearances for each patient. all patients used a re ... | 1998 | 108449 |
| comparison between hla-d (lcl) and dr typing. | 1999 | 93807 | |
| antimicrobial effects of psidium guajava extract as one mechanism of its antidiarrhoeal action. | a morphine-like spasmolytic action (not naloxone reversible; involving the inhibition of acetylcholine release) and also effects on the transmural transport of electrolytes (na(+) and k(+)) and water have been reported as possible modes of the antidiarrhoeal action of polar fractions of psidium guajava leaf extractives. the objective for this study was to verify if the reported modes of the antidiarrhoeal action should be broadened to include direct antimicrobial actions on some of the more comm ... | 1999 | 22589684 |
| captopril in a hyponatraemic hypertensive: need for caution in initiating therapy. | 1999 | 85145 | |
| transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide by hemoglobin-saline solution in the red cell free primate. | 1999 | 96451 | |
| diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis: a report of neonatal onset. | a child developed diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis when 20 days old. his prognosis appears good, compared with other reports of similar neonatal onset. | 1999 | 94218 |
| [renewal of noradrenaline in different zones of the central nervous system of inbred mice strains and their recombinants]. | a good correlation exists between the learning capacity and norepinephrine metabolism in the neocortex of c57 and balb inbred mice strains, as well as their f1 hybrids and seven recombinant inbred strains derived from their cross. the animals with a better learning performance are characterised by low levels of norepinephrine, as well as a slow metabolic rate of this neurotransmitter in the cortex. such a correlation has not been found to exist in the other cerebral regions studied. | 1999 | 96976 |
| fine-needle aspiration cytology. | 1999 | 89365 | |
| abducens palsy after lumbar myelography with watersoluble contrast media. | five patients who developed abducens palsy after myelography with watersoluble contrast media are reported. these palsies can be compared to abducens palsies after spinal anesthesia and diagnostic lumbar puncture. they are most likely due to the lumbar puncture. the arguments for this explanation are discussed. the experience with these five patients suggests a greater incidence of postpuncture abducens palsy after myelography with watersoluble contrast media than after spinal anesthesia or lumb ... | 1999 | 84865 |
| [hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism in general practice. diagnosis and therapy]. | 1999 | 84446 | |
| erythrocyte sodium/potassium fluxes in hypertension. | 1999 | 85891 | |
| to reuse or reconstruct: that is the question. | with cost containment being a vital concern, health care facilities must carefully assess differences in the cost between new construction and renovation. | 1999 | 103799 |
| [proton beam treatment in the neurosurgical field]. | 1999 | 96847 | |
| ephraim michael bluestone. | 1999 | 89496 | |
| short-course chemotherapy for tuberculosis. | 1999 | 89476 | |
| substrate specificity of hexosaminidase a isolated from the liver of a patient with a rare form (ab variant) of infantile gm2 gangliosidosis and control tissues. | 1999 | 96668 | |
| [esophago-jejunostomy at the level of the neck for restoration of continuity in carcinoma of the esophagus (after esophageal resection or for palliative reasons) (author's transl)]. | a technic of esophago-jejunostomy in the neck is described which uses a y loop, to which is given a further blood supply through the internal mammary vessels, united to the vessels of the transplanted loop through microsurgical anastomoses. this technic is used either for purely palliative reasons or when the esophageal tumour has become inoperable, or after esophagectomy as a procedure for reconstruction of the digestive tract. | 1999 | 89117 |
| thyrotoxicosis during pregnancy. | the diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis during pregnancy is difficult on clinical grounds only. the determination of free thyroid hormones or free thyroid hormone indices is important and is possibly supplemented by the trh stimulation test. thyrotoxicosis during pregnancy should always be treated actively. the authors recommend subtotal thyroidectomy if there are indications for surgical therapy (nodular goitre or large diffuse goitre). otherwise treatment with thyrostatic agents is used. after operati ... | 1999 | 84547 |
| [availability of the measurement of plasma beta-thromboglobulin (beta-tg) for cerebrovascular diseases (author's transl)]. | 1999 | 93482 | |
| vitamins in intravenous feeding: a study of water-soluble vitamins and folate in critically ill patients receiving intravenous nutrition. | red cell b vitamins, folate and white cell vitamin c were measured in a group of critically ill surgical patients before and following a course of intravenous nutrition. patients received a widely used vitamin supplementation regimen in the form of one ampoule of water-soluble vitamins daily and recommended doses of intramuscular folate, vitamin b12 and vitamin k weekly. this regimen was adequate to maintain tissue levels of the water-soluble vitamins and folate. patients with initially low valu ... | 1999 | 96904 |
| effects of x-rays on the chloroplasts of acetabularia mediterranea [proceedings]. | 1999 | 93929 | |
| grandmother's poisoned well: report of a case of methemoglobinemia in an infant in oklahoma. | 1999 | 4688467 | |
| who should measure the blood-pressure? | 1999 | 84917 | |
| [associated congenital pulmonary stenosis and aortic stenosis. apropos of 5 cases]. | 1999 | 96770 | |
| applied teaching concepts of animated motion slides in otolaryngology. | motion is an essential part of otolaryngologic function, and an understanding of concepts of motion is critical in teaching otolaryngology. standard movie projection devices have intrinsic defects, such as considerable expense to make, complexity of operation, and a lack of flexibility. slide projection transparencies (2x2) offer instructional flexibility but could not be used to project motion until recently. using applications of gelatin films of images with polarizing light, we have been able ... | 1999 | 91151 |
| [risk factors in mitral valve replacements]. | the authors report 137 isolated mitral valve replacements carried out between 1966 and 1975, with an operative mortality of 13.1%. certain risk factors are demonstrable:--from the clinical point of view: previous cardiac surgery, 3 or more attacks of cardiac failure, a prolonged preoperatives course, atrial fibrillation, and cardiomegaly on the x ray. the combination of these risk factors is very serious as when three or more risk factors are operative at the same time, the mortality is 40%. red ... | 1999 | 407857 |
| urine glucose measurement in the management of diabetes mellitus. | 1999 | 97043 | |
| [contribution of divalent cations to the maintenance of membrane potentials in the oocytes of pleurodeles waltlii michah (amphibia, urodela)]. | when the external concentration of ca and mg is changed, the oocyte membrane potential, in the urodela amphibian: pleurodeles waltlii, is not significantly modified. the addition of chelator agents, egta and edta in ca, mg free steinberg solution promotes a membrane depolarisation and the rise of membrane conductance. it is concluded that divalent ions ca++ and mg++ are needed to maintain a potential difference between internal and external medium of the oocyte. | 1999 | 96993 |
| manometry in the evaluation of esophageal function. | 1999 | 99711 | |
| [congenital glaucoma in hurler's syndrome and in lowe's syndrome. clinical and electron microscopy findings]. | 2 cases of congenital glaucoma combined with a general metabolic disease are described. 1 patient displayed the symptoms of a mucopolysaccharidosis (hurler's syndrome), the other patient showed the characteristics of lowe's oculo-cerebrorenal syndrome. in both patients a surgical trabeculectomy was performed. the excised tissues were analysed by electron microscopy. distinct vacuolar or fibrillar deposits were observed in both cases in the trabecular region and in schlemm's canal. possibly, thes ... | 1999 | 96681 |
| excessive pressure for respiratory therapy. | 1999 | 116529 | |
| how many specialists? | the need for specialists cannot be adequately assessed on the basis of current practice and an estimated case-load (based on prevalence/population ratio). specialists should declare which patients can or cannot be expected to benefit from their treatment, and they should consider the consequences of underprovision of specialist services. specialists should also decide how much of what they normally do might equally well be carried out by generalists using the knowledge of specialists. only then ... | 1999 | 85176 |
| severe hypomagnesemia associated with pentamidine therapy. | a case of severe hypomagnesemia in a patient with aids that manifested as changes in mental status is presented. the hypomagnesemia was due to renal wasting of magnesium, most probably caused by pentamidine-induced renal tubular injury. this entity has been reported once before and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of altered mental status in patients with aids. | 1999 | 1866558 |
| [evaluation of blood-liquor barrier by protein gradients in congenital hydrocephalus in infancy]. | 1999 | 88669 | |
| [evaluation of the effectiveness of vick vaporub ointment measured by improvement in the drinking ability of infants suffering from a cold]. | 1999 | 84443 | |
| [parenteral nutrition in acute uremia in the surgical patient]. | 1999 | 96386 | |
| [nurse's functions in the surgical treatment room]. | 1999 | 91077 | |
| home observation for measurement of the environment: a revision of the preschool scale. | information pertaining to a revision of the caldwell home inventory for use with families of children ages 3 to 6 was presented. factor and item analyses were used as a basis for reducing the number of items from 80 to 55. the items were clustered into eight subscales. kuder-richardson 20 coefficients for the scale ranged from .53 to .93. concurrent and predictive validity studies indicated that the home scales significantly correlated with iq (as high as r = .58). low to moderate correlations w ... | 1999 | 93417 |
| amylase/creatinine clearance ratio and tubular proteinuria in acute pancreatitis. | amylase/creatinine clearance ratio (cam/ccr), urinary protein concentration and urinary protein pattern were studied in 102 samples from 27 patients with acute pancreatitis and in 46 controls. raised cam/ccr, proteinuria and a tubular protein pattern were present in 74, 56 and 96% of the patients, respectively. however, cam/ccr and proteinuria and cam/ccr and tubular protein pattern were not correlated. these results do not support the suggestion that an elevated cam/ccr in acute pancreatitis is ... | 1999 | 94020 |
| primary aldosteronism: a noninvasive procedure for tumor localization as well as for distinction from bilateral hyperplasia. | 1999 | 96670 | |
| the psychological problems of the deaf and blind. | 1999 | 91198 | |
| hyperosmolar hyperglycemic non-ketotic syndrome treated without insulin: case reports. | 1999 | 99698 | |
| [pituitary reserve of thyrotrophic hormone in hypothyroid children]. | 1999 | 103634 | |
| [structuro-functional analysis of identified grape snail neurons]. | the study of microanatomy of central neurons in helix pomatia showed that each identified neurone has a constant number of definitely directed processes. the branching pattern of the processes is also specific for each neurone, but in the same cell the number of the branches may vary. it is concluded, that the general morphology of the neurone is its sufficiently stable characteristic and may serve as a criterion for its identification. the possible functional role of different types of the neur ... | 1999 | 93832 |
| intrafamilial person-to-person spread of bacillary dysentery due to shigella dysenteriae in southwestern saudi arabia. | to identify the factors that influence transmission of bacillary dysentry (bd) within families during a propagated outbreak of bacillary dysentery. | 1999 | 10750504 |
| comparison of six dose-response models for use with food-borne pathogens. | food-related illness in the united states is estimated to affect over six million people per year and cost the economy several billion dollars. these illnesses and costs could be reduced if minimum infectious doses were established and used as the basis of regulations and monitoring. however, standard methodologies for dose-response assessment are not yet formulated for microbial risk assessment. the objective of this study was to compare dose-response models for food-borne pathogens and determi ... | 1999 | 10765449 |
| [the serum bactericidal activity of domestic fleroxacin and lomefloxacin]. | to evaluate antibacterial activities in vivo and in vitro of fleroxacin and lomefloxacin. | 1999 | 11798634 |
| antibodies to shiga toxin in the serum of children with shigella-associated haemolytic uraemic syndrome. | antibodies to shiga toxin (stx) were measured in the sera of 49 children with shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 infection, of whom 17 had haemolytic uraemic syndrome (hus) and 32 had no complications (uncomplicated shigellosis, ucs). children with hus had lower levels of total igg and igm and lower igm titres to stx than those with ucs. the number of children with neutralising antibodies was similar in the two groups. of the children with hus, 11 had hus on enrolment and six developed hus subseque ... | 1999 | 9920120 |
| laboratory surveillance of shigella dysenteriae type 1 in kwazulu-natal. | to collect data on the antimicrobial susceptibility of shigella dysenteriae type 1 in kwazulu-natal, including the testing of newer therapeutic agents, and to evaluate the ability of laboratories to participate in a provincial surveillance programme. | 1999 | 10070415 |
| involvement of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1beta in enhancement of pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures caused by shigella dysenteriae. | neurologic manifestations, mainly convulsions, are the most frequent extraintestinal complications of shigellosis. we used an animal model to study the roles of tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha) and interleukin-1 beta (il-1beta) in shigella-related seizures. administration of shigella dysenteriae 60r sonicate enhanced the sensitivity of mice to the proconvulsant pentylenetetrazole (ptz) within 7 h. this was indicated by a significantly higher mean convulsion score and an increased number o ... | 1999 | 10024595 |
| risk factors for death in hospitalized dysentery patients in rwanda. | to evaluate the management of severe dysentery cases in in-patient facilities during an epidemic of shigella dysenteriae type 1 (sd1), and to identify the factors associated with the risk of death, we conducted a prospective cohort study in 10 rwandese hospitals between september and december 1994. data were obtained from 849 cases admitted to hospitals with diarrhoea and visible blood in stools. the proportion of patients with persistent bloody diarrhoea was 51.0% at treatment day 3 and 27.9% a ... | 1999 | 10444318 |
| evaluation of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for typing of shigella dysenteriae type 1. | pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) has been used successfully to discriminate between strains of many different bacterial species. in this study, digestion of bacterial dna with the restriction endonuclease noti and pfge were evaluated for the typing of isolates of shigella dysenteriae type 1, an important cause of epidemic dysentery. there were 27 isolates from four outbreaks of dysentery, and 44 isolates from endemic dysentery cases and a laboratory culture collection. the epidemic isolat ... | 1999 | 10451002 |
| impaired imipenem uptake associated with alterations in outer membrane proteins and lipopolysaccharides in imipenem-resistant shigella dysenteriae. | three imipenem-resistant mutants were obtained from a clinical isolate (c152) of shigella dysenteriae by selection with increasing concentrations of imipenem. resistance to imipenem was associated with resistance to several other beta-lactam antibiotics. the penicillin-binding protein (pbp) patterns of the resistant and the wild-type strains were comparable. the permeability of the outer membrane proteins (omps) of the most resistant mutant, im16, was lower than that of the parent strain c152 wh ... | 1999 | 11252324 |
| verocytotoxins (shiga-like toxins) produced by escherichia coli: a minireview of their classification, clinical presentations and management of a heterogeneous family of cytotoxins. | bacterial virulence usually requires the interaction of multiple factors in order to cause disease. the enterotoxins produced by certain strains of bacteria are proteins which vary in their mode of action, but do fall into two general groups; the cytotoxic and the cytotonic enterotoxins. while cytotoxic enterotoxins typically kill eucaryotic cells (eg. by inhibiting protein synthesis), cytotonic enterotoxins derange cell metabolism in specific ways (eg. by elevating cyclic nucleotide levels). so ... | 1999 | 10465326 |
| shiga toxin 2 promotes the stem cell differentiation into granulocytes in the bone marrow causing marked granulocytosis in the peripheral blood. | 1999 | 10468138 | |
| emerging and re-emerging diseases--epidemic enterohaemorrhagic infections 100 years after shiga. | 1999 | 10470309 | |
| typing and characterization of mechanisms of resistance of shigella spp. isolated from feces of children under 5 years of age from ifakara, tanzania. | eighty-six strains of shigella spp. were isolated during the dry season from stool samples of children under 5 years of age in ifakara, tanzania. the epidemiological relationship as well as the antimicrobial susceptibility and mechanisms of resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and co-trimoxazole were investigated. four different epidemiological tools, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge), repetitive extragenic palindromic (rep)-pcr, plasmid analysis, and antibiogram, were compared for t ... | 1999 | 10488163 |
| sequence analysis of stx2-converting phage vt2-sa shows a great divergence in early regulation and replication regions. | in enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli, shiga toxin is produced by lysogenic prophages. we have isolated the prophage vt2-sa that is responsible for production of shiga toxin type 2 protein, and determined the complete nucleotide sequence of this phage dna. the entire dna sequence consisted of 60,942 bp, exhibiting marked similarity to the 933w phage genome. however, several differences were observed in the immunity and replication regions, where ci, cii, ciii, n, cro, o, and p genes were present ... | 1999 | 10492170 |
| effect of shiga toxin on nacl transport in rat distal colon. | shiga toxin causes net fluid secretion in rabbit jejunum by selectively targeting, and inhibiting protein synthesis in, absorptive villous cells. the effect of shiga toxin on the colon, where it is presumably produced, is not known. this study was undertaken to investigate the effect of shiga toxin on the rat distal colon. | 1999 | 10499478 |
| global burden of shigella infections: implications for vaccine development and implementation of control strategies. | few studies provide data on the global morbidity and mortality caused by infection with shigella spp.; such estimates are needed, however, to plan strategies of prevention and treatment. here we report the results of a review of the literature published between 1966 and 1997 on shigella infection. the data obtained permit calculation of the number of cases of shigella infection and the associated mortality occurring worldwide each year, by age, and (as a proxy for disease severity) by clinical c ... | 1999 | 10516787 |
| purification and characterization of klebsiella pneumoniae cytotoxins. | isolation, purification and characterization of 3 new cytotoxins of a k. pneumoniae strain isolated from ready to eat pork sausage are reported. purification process involved extraction of cytotoxins with polymyxin b sulphate, salt precipitation, gel filtration and anion exchange chromatography. klebsiella cytotoxin (kct) i, a glycoprotein of about 65 kda was verocytotoxic, enterotoxic and dermonerotic. kct ii was erythemogenic, verocytotoxic and enterotoxic protein of co 55 kda, while kct iii w ... | 1999 | 10522158 |
| prevalence of shigella enterotoxins 1 and 2 among shigella strains isolated from patients with traveler's diarrhea. | shigella spp. are known primarily as a cause of bacillary dysentery. however, in an initial phase, numerous patients exhibit watery diarrhea that may or may not be followed by dysentery. new virulence factors associated with the species of shigella have recently been described. these are enterotoxins 1 and 2 of shigella (shet-1 and shet-2, respectively). the aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of shet-1 and shet-2 in species of shigella isolated from patients with traveler's ... | 1999 | 10523561 |
| dr. kiyoshi shiga: discoverer of the dysentery bacillus. | the clinical manifestations of dysentery have been described for centuries, and the prototypic bacterial agent, shigella dysenteriae, was identified 100 years ago. in the english language there has been remarkably little written about dr. kiyoshi shiga, discoverer of the dysentery bacillus. we submit a brief biography of dr. shiga and the circumstances leading to his discovery, which proved the bacterial etiology of nonamebic dysentery. | 1999 | 10524979 |
| structural studies utilizing 13c-enrichment of the o-antigen polysaccharide from the enterotoxigenic escherichia coli o159 cross-reacting with shigella dysenteriae type 4. | the structure of the o-antigen polysaccharide from escherichia coli o159 has been determined using primarily nmr spectroscopy of the 13c-enriched polysaccharide. the sequence of the sugar residues could be determined by heteronuclear multiple bond connectivity nmr experiments. the polysaccharide is composed of a pentasaccharide repeating unit with the following structure: [sequence: see text] matrix assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry was performed on intact lipopolysaccharide ... | 1999 | 10542072 |
| structural studies of the o-antigen polysaccharide from the enteroinvasive escherichia coli o164 cross-reacting with shigella dysenteriae type 3. | the structure of the o-antigen polysaccharide from escherichia coli o164 has been determined. nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy together with component and methylation analyses of lipid free polysaccharide were the principal methods used. the sequence of the sugar residues could be determined by noesy and heteronuclear multiple bond connectivity nmr experiments. it is concluded that the polysaccharide is composed of a pentasaccharide repeating unit with the following structure: [structure: ... | 1999 | 10561586 |