Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| cloning and initial characterization of the bordetella pertussis fur gene. | in several gram-negative pathogens the fur (ferric uptake regulator) gene product controls the expression of many genes involved in iron uptake and virulence. to facilitate the study of iron-regulated gene expression in bordetella pertussis, we cloned the fur gene from this organism. the b. pertussis fur gene product was 54% identical to the escherichia coli fur and complemented two e. coli fur mutants. as with the e. coli fur gene, sequences upstream of the b. pertussis fur were homologous to t ... | 1995 | 7765895 |
| improved pertussis toxin production by bordetella pertussis through adjusting the growth medium's ionic composition. | ionic composition and total ionic concentration of the growth medium were important factors in limiting productivities in aerated reactors used for the production of pertussis toxin and other antigens by bordetella pertussis. salt concentration has opposing effects on cell growth of wild-type b. pertussis and specific toxin formation. sodium ion concentrations below 140 mm correlated with a precipitous decline in specific yields of pertussis toxin, an otherwise growth-associated product. high sa ... | 1995 | 7766402 |
| pertussis infection among adults during the 1993 outbreak in chicago. | to evaluate the role of adults in the transmission of pertussis during an epidemic, persons presenting with unexplained cough to ambulatory care clinics were evaluated for evidence of pertussis infection. nasopharyngeal specimens for culture and serum samples for igg and iga antibodies to filamentous hemagglutinin and pertussis toxin antigens of bordetella pertussis were obtained. thirty-eight adults were enrolled in the study; 10 (26%) had serologic evidence of b. pertussis infection. clinical ... | 1995 | 7769311 |
| effects of bordetella pertussis toxin pretreatment on the antiarrhythmic action of ischaemic preconditioning in anaesthetized rats. | 1. bordetella pertussis toxin, which catalyses the adp-ribosylation of certain guanine nucleotide binding proteins (g proteins), thus functionally uncoupling them from associated receptors, was examined to determine whether it modified the antiarrhythmic effect of ischaemic preconditioning in anaesthetized rats. 2. pertussis toxin (25 micrograms kg-1, i.p., 48 h prior to heart isolation) attenuated the negative chronotropic effect of acetylcholine (ach) in rat isolated langendorff perfused heart ... | 1995 | 7773535 |
| ige-dependent generation of foam cells: an immune mechanism involving degranulation of sensitized mast cells with resultant uptake of ldl by macrophages. | because a role has been suggested for ige in cardiovascular diseases and for mast cells in cholesterol accumulation within the macrophages of atherosclerotic lesions, we examined mast cell-macrophage interactions in vitro by using rats with high serum levels of ige antibodies. the rats were immunized with an antigen (ovalbumin) and adjuvant (bordetella pertussis vaccine) to provoke synthesis of ige and to sensitize their mast cells, ie, to allow the ige to bind to the high-affinity ige receptors ... | 1995 | 7773738 |
| cloning and sequencing of the bordetella pertussis cpn10/cpn60 (groesl) homolog. | the nucleotide sequence downstream from the bordetella resistance to killing (brk) locus in bordetella pertussis was determined. analysis of the sequence revealed an operon consisting of two highly predicted open reading frames (orfs). the deduced amino-acid sequence of each orf has strong homologies to the heat-shock proteins/chaperonins cpn60 and cpn10. the promoter contains consensus sequences for both sigma 32 and sigma 70 binding, and it possesses the circe regulatory inverted repeat. a pot ... | 1995 | 7789805 |
| bordetella pertussis fur gene restores iron repressibility of siderophore and protein expression to deregulated bordetella bronchiseptica mutants. | we report the isolation and preliminary phenotypic characterization of manganese-resistant bordetella bronchiseptica mutants with respect to deregulation of siderophore and iron-regulated protein expression. the fur gene of bordetella pertussis was cloned by genetic complementation of this deregulated phenotype and confirmed as fur by nucleotide sequence analysis. | 1995 | 7798143 |
| adjuvanticity and protective immunity elicited by bordetella pertussis antigens encapsulated in poly(dl-lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres. | purified bordetella pertussis antigens, encapsulated in biodegradable poly(dl-lactide-co-glycolide) (dl-plg) microspheres, were evaluated for their immunogenicity and ability to elicit a protective immune response against b. pertussis respiratory infection. microencapsulated pertussis toxoid, filamentous hemagglutinin, and pertactin all retained their immunogenicity when administered parenterally. intranasal immunization with a low dose (1 micrograms) of encapsulated filamentous hemagglutinin, p ... | 1995 | 7890372 |
| the kappa opioid receptor expressed on the mouse r1.1 thymoma cell line down-regulates without desensitizing during chronic opioid exposure. | the r1.1 mouse thymoma cell line expresses a single class of kappa opioid receptors that is negatively coupled to adenylyl cyclase through a bordetella pertussis toxin-sensitive inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding protein. the aim of the present study was to determine whether chronic opioid treatment of r1.1 cells altered either the binding properties or the functional response associated with the kappa opioid receptor. culturing of r1.1 cells with the kappa-selective agonist (trans)-3,4-dichl ... | 1995 | 7891351 |
| identification of alcaligin as the siderophore produced by bordetella pertussis and b. bronchiseptica. | the siderophores produced by iron-starved bordetella pertussis and b. bronchiseptica were purified and were found to be identical. using mass spectrometry and proton nuclear magnetic resonance, we determined that the siderophore produced by these organisms was identical to alcaligin, a siderophore produced by alcaligenes denitrificans. | 1995 | 7860593 |
| from the centers for disease control and prevention. erythromycin-resistant bordetella pertussis--yuma county, arizona, may-october 1994. | 1995 | 7996637 | |
| clarithromycin for children. | 1995 | 22416204 | |
| an improved immunofluorescent reagent for rapid, direct detection of bordetella pertussis. | 1995 | 22514375 | |
| [role of the thymus and normal microbial flora on plasma fibronectin concentration in mice treated with immunomodulatory drugs]. | the plasma fibronectin (pfn) concentration (cc)-determined by electro-immunodiffusion method-of untreated genetically or artificially athymic mice, or treated with tp-4 (thymus hormone sequence analog synthetic preparation) showed no significant difference from their euthymic or untreated controls. in contrast, the pfn cc in mice with different microbiological state showed significant alterations; the highest level occurred in conventional mice. the lower level in germfree mice was increased by ... | 1996 | 9082837 |
| formation and cell-medium partitioning of autoinhibitory free fatty acids and cyclodextrin's effect in the cultivation of bordetella pertussis. | palmitic, palmitoleic and stearic acids were found in the extracted cellular lipids of virulent bordetella pertussis as unesterified acids in confirmation of earlier taxonomic analyses. the same free fatty acids (ffas) were found in the spent culture supernatant in concentrations higher than in the uninoculated medium, indicating that they are released into the extracellular medium. these long-chain fatty acids are known to inhibit the growth of b. pertussis at concentrations as low as 1 ppm. me ... | 1996 | 9147447 |
| specific serological response by active immunization with gd3-bearing liposomes. | gd3 is the most prominent ganglioside on the surface of human melanoma cells, and therefore it has been considered by several investigators as a potential tool for active immunotherapy of melanoma. the main obstacle to this goal is that gd3 is poorly immunogenic in mice and in humans. several approaches have been described for increasing the gd3 immunogenicity. here, the immunogenicity of gd3 ganglioside was investigated by vaccination of balb/c x c57b1/6 f1 mice with several types of gd3-bearin ... | 1996 | 8819493 |
| adaptation of a conjugal transfer system for the export of pathogenic macromolecules. | conjugal transfer of bacterial plasmids requires a pore through which dna can traverse the envelopes of the donor and recipient cells. recent studies indicate that these pores, which are composed of approximately ten proteins, are evolutionarily related to the transport systems required for the transfer of oncogenic t-dna from agrobacterium tumefaciens to plant cells and for toxin secretion from bordetella pertussis. | 1996 | 8820569 |
| the identification, cloning and mutagenesis of a genetic locus required for lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis in bordetella pertussis. | bordetella pertussis lipopolysaccharide (lps) is biologically active, being both toxic and immunogenic. using transposon mutagenesis we have identified a genetic locus required for the biosynthesis of lps in b. pertussis, which has been cloned and sequenced. we have also identified equivalent loci in bordetella bronchiseptica and bordetella parapertussis and cloned part of it from b. parapertussis. the amino acid sequences derived from most of the genes present in the sequenced b. pertussis locu ... | 1996 | 8821935 |
| amino-terminal maturation of the bordetella pertussis filamentous haemagglutinin. | the 220 kda filamentous haemagglutinin (fha) is a major adhesin of bordetella pertussis and is produced from a large precursor designated fhab. although partly surface associated, it is also very efficiently secreted into the extracellular milieu. its secretion depends on the outer membrane accessory protein fhac. an 80 kda n-terminal derivative of fha, named fha44, can also be very efficiently secreted in a fhac-dependent manner, indicating that all necessary secretion signals are localized in ... | 1996 | 8821937 |
| [epidemiology of pertussis and studies on culture positive pertussis cases in japan]. | the number of pertussis patients has decreased steadily in the late 1960s and was extremely small in early 1970s. during 1973-74 the first national survey on pertussis cases confirmed by culture was conducted, when whole cell pertussis vaccine was used. the study revealed that 33.3% of culture positive cases had 2-4 doses of dt combined with whole cell pertussis vaccine. acellular pertussis vaccine was introduced in 1981 and for the last several years the number of pertussis patients became low ... | 1996 | 8822050 |
| effect of inactivated poliovirus vaccine on the antibody response to bordetella pertussis antigens when combined with diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus vaccine. | to determine if inactivated poliovirus vaccine combined with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and whole-cell pertussis vaccine interferes with the immunogenicity of pertussis vaccine, we performed a randomized trial of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine combined with inactivated poliovirus vaccine given as a single injection or as two separate injections at the same visit to infants immunized at 2, 4, and 6 months of age. a total of 84 infants were enrolled in the study; 44 recei ... | 1996 | 8824967 |
| central role of the bvgs receiver as a phosphorylated intermediate in a complex two-component phosphorelay. | two-component systems use phosphorylation reactions to regulate stimulus/response pathways. in bordetella pertussis, a human respiratory pathogen, the infectious cycle of the organism is controlled by the bvgas two-component system. bvgs has similarities to sensor and response regulator components and is an autophosphorylating kinase that phosphorylates bvga. bvga, a response regulator, is a dna-binding protein that activates virulence gene transcription. three phosphorylated bvgs domains, the t ... | 1996 | 8969172 |
| role of the bordetella pertussis p.69/pertactin protein and the p.69/pertactin rgd motif in the adherence to and invasion of mammalian cells. | the role of the bordetella pertussis p.69/pertactin protein in mammalian cell adhesion and invasion was investigated. salmonella strains expressing surface-associated p.69/pertactin from a chromosomally located prn gene were significantly more invasive than isogenic parental strains. this effect was most pronounced in the poorly invasive, semi-rough s. typhimurium strain lb5010. escherichia coli k-12 strain hb101 harbouring the plasmid p41869d, which encodes the full-length prn gene under the co ... | 1996 | 8969522 |
| comparative analysis of the virulence control systems of bordetella pertussis and bordetella bronchiseptica. | bordetella pertussis and bordetella bronchiseptica contain nearly identical bvgas signal-transduction systems that mediate a biphasic transition between virulent (bvg+) and avirulent (bvg-) phases. in the bvg+ phase, the two species express a similar set of adhesins and toxins, and in both organisms the transition to the bvg- phase occurs in response to the same environmental signals (low temperature or the presence of nicotinic acid or sulphate anion). these two species differ, however, with re ... | 1996 | 8971711 |
| bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase toxin: procyaa and cyac proteins synthesised separately in escherichia coli produce active toxin in vitro. | bordetella pertussis produces a cell-invasive adenylate cyclase toxin (cyaa) which is related to the rtx family of pore-forming toxins. like all rtx toxins, cyaa is synthesised as a protoxin (procyaa), encoded by the cyaa gene. activation to the mature cell-invasive toxin involves palmitoylation of lysine 983 and is dependent on co-expression of cyac. the role of the cyac gene product in the acylation reaction has not been determined. we have developed an efficient t7 rna polymerase system for o ... | 1996 | 8973351 |
| dendritic cells are recruited into the airway epithelium during the inflammatory response to a broad spectrum of stimuli. | a key rate-limiting step in the adaptive immune response at peripheral challenge sites is the transmission of antigen signals to t cells in regional lymph nodes. recent evidence suggests that specialized dendritic cells (dc) fulfill this surveillance function in the resting state, but their relatively slow turnover in most peripheral tissues brings into question their effectiveness in signaling the arrival of highly pathogenic sources of antigen which require immediate mobilization of the full r ... | 1996 | 8976199 |
| effect of influenza virus infection on ovalbumin-specific ige responses to inhaled antigen in the rat. | upper respiratory tract viral infections have been reported in clinical studies to serve as risk factors for allergic sensitization. in order to study the relationship linking influenza virus illnesses to development of allergy, murine models of allergen sensitization were previously employed. these models showed that lethal influenza viruses were able to trigger allergen-specific immunoglobulin e (ige) production and to inhibit tolerance to repeated exposure to aerosolized allergen in the mouse ... | 1996 | 8977628 |
| characterisation of a novel airway late phase model in the sensitized guinea pig which uses silica and bordetella pertussis as adjuvant for sensitization. | the objective of the present investigation was to validate a novel model of allergic late phase reaction in the airways of conscious guinea pigs by monitoring airway function with co2-forced respiration. in addition airway inflammation as one possible cause for the development of airway late phase reaction was characterized by a novel technique which consists of bronchoalveolar lavage via the orotracheal route. guinea pigs were sensitized twice at 2-week intervals with ovalbumin in silica and bo ... | 1996 | 8997622 |
| increased immune and inflammatory responses to dust mite antigen in rats exposed to 5 ppm no2. | immune hypersensitivity to house dust mite antigen (hdm) is a frequent cause of respiratory allergy. the objective of this study was to determine whether exposure to no2, a common indoor air pollutant, modulates immune responses to hdm and influences immune-mediated lung disease. brown norway rats were immunized ip with 100 micrograms semipurified antigen and bordetella pertussis adjuvant and challenged 2 weeks later with an intratracheal injection of 50 micrograms of a crude antigen preparation ... | 1996 | 8998954 |
| delivery of the pertactin/p.69 polypeptide of bordetella pertussis using an attenuated salmonella typhimurium vaccine strain: expression levels and immune response. | pertactin/p.69, a surface-associated polypeptide antigen of bordetella pertussis, was expressed in a salmonella typhimurium aroa arod vaccine strain, brd509, using different expression systems, and the immune response in mice against these constructs was compared. initially, pertactin/p.69 was expressed on the surface of brd509 from a single copy of the gene encoding the antigen localized on the salmonella chromosome. as previously shown, secretory and humoral antibody responses could not be det ... | 1996 | 9004450 |
| dynamics of the population structure of bordetella pertussis as measured by is1002-associated rflp: comparison of pre- and post-vaccination strains and global distribution. | the effect of temporal and geographic factors on the population structure of bordetella pertussis was studied using is1002-based rflp analysis. among the 106 strains analysed, 36 different rflp types were observed. for the dutch strains, there was evidence for a shift in the population structure in time since the majority of strains were found in different families of related strains in successive periods. most pronounced were the differences observed between 1950-1954 and later periods. this di ... | 1996 | 9004510 |
| long-term human serum antibody responses after immunization with whole-cell pertussis vaccine in france. | three hundred sixty children were tested for pertussis serology 0.5 to 1.58 months after complete whole-cell pertussis vaccination. an immunoblot assay was used to detect serum antibodies to pertussis toxin, filamentous hemagglutinin, adenylate cyclase-hemolysin, and pertactin, and agglutination was used for detection of anti-agglutinogen antibodies. antibodies against pertussis toxin, pertactin, and agglutinogens decreased rapidly after vaccination but increased secondarily, suggesting exposure ... | 1996 | 8770511 |
| th1/th2 cell dichotomy in acquired immunity to bordetella pertussis: variables in the in vivo priming and in vitro cytokine detection techniques affect the classification of t-cell subsets as th1, th2 or th0. | in studies of the mechanism of immunity to bordetella pertussis in a murine respiratory infection model, we have previously demonstrated that natural infection of immunization with a whole cell vaccine induces a potent protective immune response, which is mediated by t-helper type-1 (th1) cells. in contrast an acellular vaccine generates th2 cells and is associated with delayed bacterial clearance following respiratory challenge. in the present study we have investigated the apparent th1/th2 cel ... | 1996 | 8778021 |
| the differentiation of bordetella parapertussis and bordetella bronchiseptica from humans and animals as determined by dna polymorphism mediated by two different insertion sequence elements suggests their phylogenetic relationship. | we describe a novel insertion sequence (is) element, is1002, which was found to be closely related to is481, which is found only in bordetella pertussis; we found that these two is elements have a level of sequence identity of 61.5% and also have almost identical terminal inverted repeats. is1002 was present in both b. pertussis and bordetella parapertussis strains isolated from humans. in contrast, is1002 was absent from b. parapertussis strains isolated from sheep. a dna fingerprint analysis p ... | 1996 | 8782670 |
| no cross-reactivity with filamentous hemagglutinin of bordetella pertussis in sera from patients with nontypable haemophilus influenzae pneumonia. | 1996 | 8783367 | |
| acute bordetella pertussis infection in an adult. | bordetella pertussis was transmitted from an immunized boy to his father and possibly to other family members. this case report demonstrates that although unusual, acute adult b. pertussis infection can occur. b. pertussis immunization may not prevent infection but can reduce the severity. b. pertussis was detected in sputum from the adult by direct-fluorescent antibody staining and was grown on regan-lowe medium. serology tests confirmed the infection in the adult. | 1996 | 8789030 |
| acellular pertussis vaccines: a turning point in infant and adolescent vaccination. | whooping cough, an infectious disease caused by the gram-negative bacterium bordetella pertussis, is a life-threatening disease that cannot be controlled by antibiotic treatment or other procedures of modern medicine. immunization, using a vaccine made of heat-killed bacteria, has been the only way to prevent the disease and keep the infection under control. however, the high reactogenicity of the whole-cell vaccine available so far has made vaccination very controversial, and vaccine use has be ... | 1996 | 8789596 |
| respiratory infections: community-acquired pneumonia and newer microbes. | respiratory infections, especially community-acquired forms of pneumonia (cap), are challenging for clinicians because (1) a causative microorganism can only be found in about 50% of cases; (2) initial therapy, therefore, must be based on a probable or most likely etiology in the context of the patient's overall medical condition; and (3) new microbes or those considered previously as normal flora or less virulent forms seem responsible for some cases. it is important to be acquainted with new c ... | 1996 | 8791258 |
| purification and partial characterization of a novel antibacterial agent (bac1829) produced by staphylococcus aureus ksi1829. | a novel antimicrobial agent from staphylococcus aureus ksi1829, designated bac1829, was purified by sequential steps of ammonium sulfate precipitation, sephadex g-50 gel filtration chromatography, and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. purified bac1829 has a molecular mass of 6,418 +/- 2 da. the peptide in heat stable, since full biological activity is retained after heating at 95 degrees c for 15 min, and it is destroyed by digestion with proteases. amino acid sequence analysis revealed a ... | 1996 | 8795206 |
| age-associated changes in lymphoid and antigen-presenting cell functions in mice immunized with trypanosoma cruzi antigens. | the purpose of these studies was to analyze the role of different immune cell populations in the immune response against trypanosoma cruzi antigens in aged mice. mice of different ages (3 and 12 months old) were immunized i.d. with s-105 plus bordetella pertussis as adjuvant and we compared the activities of the lymph node cells taken from 3- and 12-month-old donor animals to transfer dth or antibody production to 3-month-old recipients. this study revealed that adherent and non-adherent immune ... | 1996 | 8803920 |
| conserved sequence motifs in the unorthodox bvgs two-component sensor protein of bordetella pertussis. | the unorthodox two-component sensor protein bvgs of bordetella pertussis contains several interesting sequence motifs of unknown functional relevance, such as a histidine motif in its output domain, which is conserved among several unorthodox sensor proteins, a putative nucleotide binding site [walker box type a] in its linker region, and a region in its periplasmic domain with significant homology to the tonb protein of escherichia coli. we investigated potential functions of these sequences by ... | 1996 | 8804390 |
| genetic susceptibility to experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis in the rat is associated with an elevated th1 response. | this study examines whether genetic susceptibility vs genetic resistance to experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (eau) are connected to a predisposition to mount a th1-dominated (ifn-gamma high, il-4 low) vs a th2-dominated (il-4 high, lfn-gamma low) response. lewis rats developed disease with high incidence after immunization with the uveitogenic peptide r16, whereas f344 rats were resistant. primed lymph node cells from both strains proliferated in culture in response to r16. however, while t ... | 1996 | 8805672 |
| in vivo and in vitro analysis of bordetella pertussis catalase and fe-superoxide dismutase mutants. | bordetella pertussis produces a catalase and a fe-superoxide dismutase. the importance of these enzymes in virulence was investigated, in vitro as well as in vivo, by using mutants deficient in their production. the catalase-deficient mutant survived within polymorphonuclear leukocytes, killed j774a.1 macrophages through apoptosis, and behaved as the parental strain in a murine respiratory infection model. these results suggest no direct role for catalase in b. pertussis virulence. the absence o ... | 1996 | 8810507 |
| migratory response of human nk cells to monocyte-chemotactic proteins | nk cells are present mostly in blood and spleen but under certain pathological and physiological conditions rapidly accumulate at extrahematic sites. the present study investigates the responsiveness of nk cells to c-c chemokines and the mechanisms of emigration from the bloodstream. mcp-1 induced migration across polycarbonate filters of il-2-activated nk cells, whereas it was a weak attractant for unstimulated cells. the related chemokines mcp-2 and mcp-3 were also active. il-2-activated nk ce ... | 1996 | 8812655 |
| three-dimensional structure of bordetella pertussis fimbriae. | we describe the helical structure of bordetella pertussis fimbriae of serotype 3/6 as determined to a resolution of approximately 2.5 nm by three-dimensional reconstruction of negatively stained electron micrographs. the fimbria has a distinctly polar structure whose axial repeat of 13 nm contains five copies of the fim3 gene product (22 kda) in two complete turns. these subunits are connected by interactions along the fimbrial backbone which, unlike other classes of bacterial fimbriae, has no a ... | 1996 | 8812982 |
| immunomagnetic separation and solid-phase detection of bordetella pertussis. | in the present study, novel solid-phase methods were used for both sample preparation and pcr detection of bordetella pertussis. the sample preparation was performed by immunomagnetic separation with paramagnetic beads coated with polyclonal antibodies directed toward the surface antigens of the bacteria. the precoated immunobeads were directly used on nasopharyngeal aspirates to capture the bacteria on the solid support and were subsequently transferred to the pcr tube with no further manipulat ... | 1996 | 8815083 |
| validation of nested bordetella pcr in pertussis vaccine trial. | a nested pcr, using a 239-bp sequence in the pertussis toxin promoter region, was developed and evaluated. the assay differentiates bordetella pertussis, bordetella parapertussis, and bordetella bronchiseptica by restriction enzyme analysis of the amplified fragments. the diagnostic performance of the pcr was evaluated in a swedish pertussis vaccine efficacy trial which took place from 1992 to 1995, including study children and household members and using culture and serology for laboratory conf ... | 1996 | 8815088 |
| polymerase chain reaction for the identification of bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the detection of bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis dna in clinical samples was well documented by recent studies. different regions in bordetella pertussis dna have been successfully used as targets for this method by various authors. in this work we report the usefulness of the pcr assay also for speciating bordetellae isolates in those cases where the biochemical and serological tests gave inconclusive results. | 1996 | 8831033 |
| bordetella pertussis infections and sudden unexpected deaths in children. | from december 1990 to november 1993 nasopharyngeal specimens were obtained for culture from 50 children (mean 4.9 +/- 3.3 months of age) who had died suddenly. bordetella pertussis was not isolated. subsequently, nasopharyngeal specimens for polymerase chain reaction (pcr) analysis were obtained from another 51 victims of sudden death (mean 5.4 +/- 4.4 months of age); nine (18%) were b. pertussis positive. conclusion: our findings support previous epidemiological studies which noted an associati ... | 1996 | 8831076 |
| comparative dna analysis of bordetella pertussis clinical isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, randomly amplified polymorphism dna, and eric polymerase chain reaction. | we used dna fingerprinting by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge), randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) and pcr amplification of enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequences (eric-pcr) to compare 15 clinical isolates of bordetella pertussis recovered between august 1993 and september 1995 from 13 infants and two adults, living in the same geographic area. pfge produced 10 patterns and made it possible to differentiate all the isolates and to indicate an intrafamilial transm ... | 1996 | 8837464 |
| [virulence factors of bordetella pertussis]. | 1996 | 8840806 | |
| a cellular pertussis vaccine (infanrix-dtpa; sb-3). a review of its immunogenicity, protective efficacy and tolerability in the prevention of bordetella pertussis infection. | sb-3 (infanrix-dtpa) is one of a new generation of vaccines for immunisation against pertussis (whooping cough), diphtheria and tetanus. it is a 3-component (pertussis toxin, filamentous haemagglutinin and pertactin) chemically inactivated acellular pertussis pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus toxoid (dtap) vaccine, and it differs from conventional whole-cell pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus toxoid (dtwp) vaccines in that it comprises inactivated purified bordetella pertussis antigens rather than whole ce ... | 1996 | 8841742 |
| interleukin-1 beta stimulation of 45ca2+ release from rat striatal slices. | 1. previous observations that centrally injected interleukin-1 beta (il-1 beta) into rabbits induces a sustained rise in cerebrospinal fluid (csf) ca2+ concentration ([ca2+]) as well as fever, prompted us to undertake an in vitro study to corroborate the in vivo results and gain insight as to the source and mechanism of il-1 beta-induced ca2+ mobilization. 2.il-1 beta treatment of rat striatal slices preloaded with 45ca2+ elicited a rise in spontaneous 45ca2+ release which was dose-dependent, de ... | 1996 | 8842435 |
| effects of recombinant murine (rm) interleukin-12 and rm interferon-gamma in mice infected with bordetella pertussis. | the recombinant cytokines interferon (ifn)-gamma and interleukin (il)-12 stimulate several macrophage-mediated functions that are important in host defense. an experimental pertussis model showed that intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of 10,000 u of recombinant murine (rm) ifn-gamma to mice at the time of bordetella pertussis infection caused a marked and significant reduction in the number of colony-forming units of bacteria in the lungs. administration i.p. of 1 microgram of rmil-12 or 1 m ... | 1996 | 8843217 |
| cross-section seroepidemiology of bordetella pertussis. | 1996 | 8843241 | |
| resident and infiltrating immune cells in the uveal tract in the early and late stages of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis. | to investigate the dynamics of resident and infiltrating immune cells in the choroid and iris during the early and late stages of experimental autoimmune uveitis (eau) in lewis rats. | 1996 | 8843906 |
| [cytolysins and homologous proteins produced by gram-negative bacteria. i. hemolysis and leukotoxins of escherichia coli, bordetella pertussis, pasteurella haemolytica and actinobacillus sp]. | cytolysins produced by gram-negative bacteria belong to the pore forming bacterial proteins. a branch of these toxins represents rtx family of proteins. the rtx (repeats in toxin) family name has been proposed based on the common presence of tandem copies of a nine-amino acid repeat (l-x-g-g-x-g-(n/d)-d-x). the paper presents the genetics, synthesis, secretion and cytolytic activity of these toxins. | 1996 | 8848425 |
| [monitoring of a whooping cough epidemic 1994/95 in switzerland using the sentinel notification system. sentinella registry]. | since june 1991 pertussis cases have been reported in the swiss sentinel network (sentinella). a total of 150-200 general practitioners, physicians specialized in internal medicine, and pediatricians participate in this system on a voluntary basis. of the three specialties involved, this non-randomized sample represents 3.0%-3.5% of all physicians registered in switzerland. the objective of this surveillance system is to monitor clinical pertussis over time. the case definition included all pati ... | 1996 | 8848704 |
| susceptibilities of bordetella pertussis strains to antimicrobial peptides. | we examined the susceptibilities of bordetella pertussis strains to several antimicrobial peptides by determining the concentration required to inhibit or kill 50% of the bacterial population. the peptides are ranked in decreasing potency as follows: cecropin b > cecropin a >> melittin > cecropin p1 > (ala8,13,18)-magainin ii amide > mastoparan = defensin hnp1 > protamine > or = magainin ii = magainin i. by using a radial diffusion assay to compare susceptibilities between strains, wild-type b. ... | 1996 | 8849226 |
| in vitro susceptibilities of bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis to four fluoroquinolones (levofloxacin, d-ofloxacin, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin), cefpirome, and meropenem. | the in vitro activities of levofloxacin, ofloxacin, d-ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, cefpirome, and meropenem against 34 clinical isolates each of bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis were determined by agar dilution on mueller-hinton agar supplemented with 5% horse blood. levofloxacin was as active as ciprofloxacin against both species (mic, 0.06 microgram/ml) and more active than ofloxacin and d-ofloxacin. cefpirome was more active against b. pertussis (mic, 1.0 microgram/ml) than agai ... | 1996 | 8851619 |
| diagnosis of whooping cough: a new era with rapid molecular diagnostics. | a rapid diagnostic procedure, which is based upon the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) genetic amplification technology, was utilized to establish the presence of bordetella pertussis in nasopharyngeal washes from children. overall, 14.7% of 456 specimens were positive by either culture or the rapid assay. culture and pcr were concordant for 62.7% of positive samples; pcr provided an additional increment of 37.3%. pcr-positive, culture-negative specimens were more likely to be found among older p ... | 1996 | 8859915 |
| transfer of a pertussis toxin expression locus to isogenic bvg-positive and bvg-negative strains of bordetella bronchiseptica using an in vivo technique. | bordetella pertussis is the causative agent of whooping cough, a contagious childhood respiratory disease, increasing public concern over the safety of current whole-cell vaccines has led to decreased immunization rates and a subsequent increase in the incidence of the disease. the preparation of safer vaccines is at present concentrated on the production of detoxified virulence factors such as pertussis toxin (pt) for inclusion in acellular vaccine preparations. a permanently avirulent bordetel ... | 1996 | 8861392 |
| bordetella trematum sp. nov., isolated from wounds and ear infections in humans, and reassessment of alcaligenes denitrificans rüger and tan 1983. | ten strains recognized on the basis of a computer-assisted numerical comparison of whole-cell protein patterns as members of a novel species belonging to the family alcaligenaceae were examined by using an integrated phenotypic and genotypic approach. this species, for which we propose the name bordetella trematum sp. nov., was more closely related to the type species of the genus bordetella (bordetella pertussis) than to the type species of the genus alcaligenes (alcaligenes faecalis) and had t ... | 1996 | 8863408 |
| differential binding of bvga to two classes of virulence genes of bordetella pertussis directs promoter selectivity by rna polymerase. | transcription of virulence genes of bordetella pertussis is co-ordinately regulated by the bvga and bvgs proteins, which are members of the two-component family of bacterial signal-transduction proteins. bvgs is the transmembrane sensor and bvga the transcriptional regulator. by gel mobility shift assays we demonstrate that phosphorylated bvga (bvga approximately p) forms distinct complexes with the filamentous haemagglutinin (pfha) promoter dna at different bvga approximately p: dna ratios. dna ... | 1996 | 8866479 |
| pertussis antigens that abrogate bacterial adherence and elicit immunity. | infectious disease processes follow the initial steps of adherence of the organism to host tissues and subsequent colonization of the target tissues that can occur through specific adhesion-receptor systems. bordetella pertussis, the human pathogen that causes whooping cough, has evolved a genetically controlled system whereby adhesins are expressed when they enter the human host. two adhesins, filamentous hemagglutinin (fha) and pertactin, mediate the adherence of the bacterium to eukaryotic ce ... | 1996 | 8876533 |
| autotoxicity of nitric oxide in airway disease. | though nitric oxide (no) plays a role in many normal pulmonary functions and is involved in inflammatory and immune responses, it also has cytopathologic potential if not tightly controlled. in bordetella pertussis infection, no mediates the respiratory epithelial pathology that is a hallmark of the pertussis syndrome. tracheal cytotoxin (tct) released by b. pertussis triggers the production of an inducible no synthase (inos) within tracheal epithelial cells, which produce the no ultimately resp ... | 1996 | 8876543 |
| a causal relationship between bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis infections. | bordetella parapertussis is isolated during the late stages of pertussis outbreaks and occasionally from patients infected with pertussis. the relationship between bordetella pertussis and b. parapertussis was investigated in mice with monoinfections and mixed infections. four groups of 10 2-week-old suckling mice were studied: mice born to mice vaccinated against pertussis during pregnancy and unvaccinated controls consequently did and did not receive antipertussis toxin (pt) antibody transcolo ... | 1996 | 8893402 |
| transfer of thyroiditis, with syngeneic spleen cells sensitized with the human thyrotropin receptor, to naive balb/c and nod mice. | in previous studies we have induced tsh binding-inhibiting igs and thyroiditis in balb/c mice and thyroiditis alone in nod mice immunized with the extracellular domain of the human tsh receptor produced as a maltose-binding protein fusion in bacteria (mbp-ecd). in this study, our aim was to determine whether thyroiditis can be transferred to syngeneic naive recipients with in vivo and in vitro primed spleen cells. groups of 6-week-old female balb/c and nod mice were immunized ip with mbp-ecd in ... | 1996 | 8895327 |
| historical review of pertussis and the classical vaccine. | pertussis is an epidemic disease caused by bordetella pertussis and also to a lesser extent by bordetella parapertussis. classical illness lasts 4-8 weeks and is characterized by paroxysms of coughing with posttussive vomiting and whooping; however, 47.4% of primary infections last 4 weeks or less. whole cell pertussis vaccines are generally highly efficacious. all whole cell vaccines are reactogenic, causing fever and local reactions in many vaccinees. in the past, these vaccines were thought t ... | 1996 | 8896526 |
| multiplex pcr-based assay for detection of bordetella pertussis in nasopharyngeal swab specimens. | a multiplex pcr-based assay was developed for the detection of bordetella pertussis in nasopharyngeal swab specimens. the assay simultaneously amplified two separate dna targets (153 and 203 bp) within a b. pertussis repetitive element and a 438-bp target within the beta-actin gene of human dna (pcr amplification control). pcr products were detected by a sensitive and specific liquid hybridization gel retardation assay. a total of 496 paired nasopharyngeal swab specimens were tested by both the ... | 1996 | 8897157 |
| adp-ribosylation of g alpha i and g alpha o in pituitary cells enhances their recognition by antibodies directed against their carboxyl termini. | using antibodies raised against synthetic peptides of heterotrimeric gtp binding proteins, we demonstrate the presence of g alpha s, g alpha i1,2, g alpha i3, g alpha o2, and g beta subunits in pituitary cells. pretreatment of pituitary cells with cholera toxin diminished the immunoreactivity of g alpha s and this decrease was kinetically coupled to the rate of g alpha s adp-ribosylation. adp-ribosylation by islet activating protein (iap or bordetella pertussis toxin) of g alpha i and g alpha o ... | 1996 | 8897310 |
| 1,25(oh)2-vitamin d3 stimulation of phospholipases c and d in muscle cells involves extracellular calcium and a pertussis-sensitive g protein. | the steroid hormone 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 [1,25(oh)2d3] activates in chick myoblasts the breakdown of phosphoinositides by phospholipase c and the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine by phospholipase d. extracellular ca2+ requirement and gtp-binding protein mediation of 1,25(oh)2d3-dependent activation of phospholipases c and d were investigated in cells prelabelled with [3h]glycerol or [3h]arachidonic acid. generation of diacylglycerol by phospholipase c and phosphatidylethanol by phospholipas ... | 1996 | 8902851 |
| treatment of acute bronchitis in adults without underlying lung disease. | to determine whether antibiotic and bronchodilator treatment of acute bronchitis in patients without lung disease is efficacious. | 1996 | 8905509 |
| stimulating properties of 5-oxo-eicosanoids for human monocytes: synergism with monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and -3. | the newly described products of 5-hydroxyeicosanoid dehydrogenase, 5-oxo-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (ete) and 5-oxo-15(oh)ete, induced directional migration and actin polymerization of human monocytes in vitro. at peak concentrations, the two eicosanoids had a chemotactic activity of about 40% of that observed in the presence of an optimal concentration of fmlp and twice the activity elicited by the related eicosanoid 5-hydroxy-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (5-hete). 15-oxo-ete showed a v ... | 1996 | 8906847 |
| collaborative study for the evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays used to measure human antibodies to bordetella pertussis antigens. | acellular pertussis vaccines are being evaluated in multiple clinical studies, and human immunogenicity data will likely be pivotal in the appraisal of vaccine responses between populations and the responses to different vaccine combinations. antibody response to pertussis antigens is also used in the diagnosis of pertussis. an international study was designed to assess the comparability of data generated in different laboratories by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas). thirty-three part ... | 1996 | 8914760 |
| heterogeneity of drug susceptibility of mouse active anaphylactic shock. | to determine the main mediators for mouse anaphylactic shock, the suppression of active anaphylactic shock by cyproheptadine, an antagonist of histamine/serotonin, and cv-6209, an antagonist of platelet-activating factor (paf), was systematically evaluated using various mouse strains. the suppression was quite heterogeneic depending on the mouse strain and method for sensitization. when sensitization was done with bovine serum albumin (bsa) plus bordetella pertussis organisms, anaphylactic shock ... | 1996 | 8915680 |
| efficacy of short-term treatment of pertussis with clarithromycin and azithromycin. | the recommended treatment for pertussis is erythromycin, 40 to 50 mg/kg per day for 2 weeks. the newly developed macrolides, clarithromycin and azithromycin, have been demonstrated to be superior to erythromycin because of improved absorption and a longer half-life. as a result, we conducted two separate comparison studies to evaluate the efficacies of clarithromycin, 10 mg/kg per day, twice a day for 7 days, and azithromycin, 10 mg/kg per day, once a day for 5 days, compared with the standard e ... | 1996 | 8917247 |
| pertussis, pertussis vaccine, and care of exposed persons. | pertussis is a highly contagious bacterial infection caused by bordetella pertussis. before routine vaccination against pertussis was available, most persons were infected during childhood. after widespread vaccination, however, the incidence of pertussis in the united states dropped by more than 95 percent, though localized outbreaks continue to occur. | 1996 | 8923401 |
| analysis of proteins encoded by the ptx and ptl genes of bordetella bronchiseptica and bordetella parapertussis. | bordetella pertussis is the only bacteria] species which is known to produce pertussis toxin (pt); however, both bordetella bronchiseptica and bordetella parapertussis contain regions homologous to the ptx genes of b. pertussis that encode the toxin subunits. after finding that several children with b. parapertussis infections exhibited modest antibody titers to pt, we examined the ptx genes of both b. parapertussis and b. bronchiseptica to determine whether they would encode stable, functional ... | 1996 | 8926063 |
| [antimicrobial activities of clarithromycin against clinical isolates]. | to examine the antimicrobial activity of clarithromycin (cam) against strains clinically isolated from outpatients in 1994, minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) were determined for cam and the control drugs. the results were as follows; 1. mic50 and mic90 of cam were similar to those investigated in 1980's against many bacterial species. 2. cam showed strong antimicrobial activities against beta-lactamase producing moraxella subgenus branhamella catarrhalis, bordetella pertussis, campylobact ... | 1996 | 8935125 |
| tetrameric repeat units associated with virulence factor phase variation in haemophilus also occur in neisseria spp. and moraxella catarrhalis. | the tetrameric repeat units 5'-caat-3' and 5'-gcaa-3' are associated with phase variable expression of lipopolysaccharide biosynthetic genes in haemophilus influenzae. four other tetrameric repeat units have also been reported from h. influenzae strain rd, 5'-caac-3', 5'-gaca-3', 5'-agct-3', and 5'-ttta-3', which are also associated with putative virulence factors. using oligonucleotide probes corresponding to five tandem copies of each of these tetramers, we have screened three strains of neiss ... | 1996 | 8935664 |
| epitopes of bordetella pertussis lipopolysaccharides as potential markers for typing of isolates with monoclonal antibodies. | three hybridomas (p1p3, d7 and 60.5) producing monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against bordetella pertussis lipopolysaccharide (lps) were established. all reacted with the lps from a typical, vaccine strain of b. pertussis (1414), but not with that of a variant strain (a100). two of these mabs (p1p3 and 60.5) cross-reacted with a b. bronchiseptica lps; only one (p1p3) reacted with a b. parapertussis lps. elisa reactivities with intact lpss, and defined partial structures covalently linked to bovine ... | 1996 | 8936324 |
| monoclonal antibodies against haemophilus influenzae lipopolysaccharides: clone mahi 4 binding to a pentasaccharide containing terminal beta-gal residues and clone mahi 10 recognizing terminal phosphorylated saccharide residues. | mouse monoclonal antibodies mahi 4 and mahi 10 reactive with haemophilus influenzae lipopolysaccharide (lps), were generated by fusing mouse myeloma cells with spleen cells of mice immunized with h. influenzae strain rm.7004-xp-1. the antibody mahi 4 reacted in whole-cell enzyme immunoassay (eia) and colony-dot-immunoblotting with 20 of 123 h. influenzae strains and to a few other human haemophilus spp. and neisseria spp., but not to any bordetella pertussis, b. parapertussis, aeromonas spp. or ... | 1996 | 8938639 |
| selective adherence of non-typeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) to mucus or epithelial cells in the chinchilla eustachian tube and middle ear. | frozen sections of chinchilla eustachian tube (et) and middle ear mucosa were incubated with either fitc-labeled non-typeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) or bordetella pertussis. the number of bacteria adherent to "roof" vs "floor" regions was compared for each of three anatomic portions of the et and for middle ear epithelium noting whether bacteria adhered to mucus or to epithelial cells. nthi strains adhered significantly greater to mucus in the et lumen whereas b. pertussis preferentially ... | 1996 | 8938642 |
| molecular analysis of the bvg-repressed urease of bordetella bronchiseptica. | bordetella bronchiseptica is a ureolytic mammalian respiratory pathogen. we have investigated the regulation of urease in b. bronchiseptica and the potential role of this enzyme in eukaryotic invasion and intracellular survival. our results indicate urease is a bordetella virulence repressed gene. urease activity in virulent b. bronchiseptica bb7865 is up-regulated from basal levels by 5 gl1 magnesium sulphate at 37 degrees c. at 30 degrees c, urease activity remained at basal levels, even in th ... | 1996 | 8938644 |
| evidence for a ninth gene, ptli, in the locus encoding the pertussis toxin secretion system of bordetella pertussis and formation of a ptli-ptlf complex. | the pertussis toxin secretion system of bordetella pertussis initially was thought to comprise eight proteins, ptla-ptlh. we have investigated the existence of another protein, ptli, encoded by a putative gene located between ptld and ptle. a b. pertussis strain expressing a ptli::phoa translational fusion possessed alkaline phosphatase activity, suggesting that ptli encodes a protein. in b. pertussis, a protein with an apparent molecular weight of approximately 5,200 (similar to that predicted ... | 1996 | 8940184 |
| characterization of the fim2 and fim3 fimbrial subunit genes of bordetella bronchiseptica: roles of fim2 and fim3 fimbriae and flagella in adhesion. | with dna probes derived from the fimbrial subunit genes fim2 and fim3 of bordetella pertussis, two homologous subunit genes of bordetella bronchiseptica were identified and cloned. the nucleotide sequences of these genes were determined. comparison of these nucleotide sequences with the b. pertussis fimbrial fim2 and fim3 subunit genes showed a pronounced homology. therefore, the b. bronchiseptica genes were also designated fim2 and fim3. expression of the two b. bronchiseptica genes was demonst ... | 1996 | 8945552 |
| interleukin-12 is produced by macrophages in response to live or killed bordetella pertussis and enhances the efficacy of an acellular pertussis vaccine by promoting induction of th1 cells. | using a murine respiratory infection model, we have demonstrated previously that infection with bordetella pertussis or immunization with a whole-cell pertussis vaccine induced antigen-specific th1 cells, which conferred a high level of protection against aerosol challenge. in contrast, immunization with an acellular vaccine, consisting of the b. pertussis components detoxified pertussis toxin, filamentous hemagglutinin, and pertactin adsorbed to alum, generated th2 cells and was associated with ... | 1996 | 8945580 |
| protective role of immunoglobulin g antibodies to filamentous hemagglutinin and pertactin of bordetella pertussis in bordetella parapertussis infection. | an outbreak of parapertussis was studied prospectively in 38 first and second grade pupils of an elementary school. eleven (29%) children were confirmed to be culture positive for bordetella parapertussis. serum samples were collected from 31 children for assay of antibodies to filamentous hemagglutinin (fha), pertactin (prn), and pertussis toxin of bordetella pertussis. at the first sampling, ten children were found to have a cough and 21 were asymptomatic. of the latter, 12 remained asymptomat ... | 1996 | 8950556 |
| developmental and environmental factors that enhance binding of bordetella pertussis to human epithelial cells in relation to sudden infant death syndrome (sids). | asymptomatic infection due to bordetella pertussis has been suggested to be one cause of sudden infant death syndrome (sids). we examined developmental and environmental factors previously found to affect binding of another toxigenic species, staphylococcus aureus, to human epithelial cells: expression of the lewis(a) antigen; infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv); exposure to cigarette smoke; and the inhibitory effect of breast milk on bacterial binding. binding of two strains of b. ... | 1996 | 8954353 |
| cloning and genetic characterization of helicobacter pylori catalase and construction of a catalase-deficient mutant strain. | the n-terminal sequence of a protein, originally described as an adhesin of helicobacter pylori, was used in an oligonucleotide-based screening procedure of an h. pylori plasmid library in escherichia coli. five independent plasmid clones were isolated, all mapping to the same chromosomal region and encoding the h. pylori catalase. the gene, designated kata, comprises 1,518 nucleotides and encodes a putative protein of 505 amino acids with a predicted mr of 58,599. a second open reading frame, o ... | 1996 | 8955320 |
| delineation and mutational analysis of the yersinia pseudotuberculosis yope domains which mediate translocation across bacterial and eukaryotic cellular membranes. | pathogenic yersiniae deliver a number of different effector molecules, which are referred to as yops, into the cytosol of eukaryotic cells via a type iii secretion system. to identify the regions of yope from yersinia pseudotuberculosis that are necessary for its translocation across the bacterial and eukaryotic cellular membranes, we constructed a series of hybrid genes which consisted of various amounts of yope fused to the adenylate cyclase-encoding domain of the cyclolysin gene (cyaa) of bor ... | 1996 | 8955406 |
| cag, a pathogenicity island of helicobacter pylori, encodes type i-specific and disease-associated virulence factors. | caga, a gene that codes for an immunodominant antigen, is present only in helicobacter pylori strains that are associated with severe forms of gastroduodenal disease (type i strains). we found that the genetic locus that contains caga (cag) is part of a 40-kb dna insertion that likely was acquired horizontally and integrated into the chromosomal glutamate racemase gene. this pathogenicity island is flanked by direct repeats of 31 bp. in some strains, cag is split into a right segment (cagi) and ... | 1996 | 8962108 |
| [antigenic structure of the pro-rich region 536-566 of bordetella pertussis pertactin (p.69). ii. analysis of peptide-specific antibodies]. | new method of analysis of subpopulations of peptide-specific polyclonal antibodies (abs) without their elimination was developed which does not require radiolabeling. b-epitopes were analyzed which were recognized by rabbit abs in synthetic peptides kappapkpapqpgpqpp (17p), qppqpqpeapapqp (14p), and gpqppqppqp (10p) from pro-rich region 536-566 of bordetella pertussis pertactin. antigenic structure was studied by indirect and competitive elisa, immunoaffinity chromatography, isoelectric focusing ... | 1996 | 8962913 |
| efficacy of acellular pertussis vaccine in early childhood after household exposure. | to evaluate the efficacy of a three-dose primary vaccination with a diphtheria-tetanus tricomponent acellular pertussis vaccine against "typical" pertussis, defined as a spasmodic cough of 21 days or longer with confirmation of bordetella pertussis infection by culture or serology. | 1996 | 8531284 |
| phosphorylated bvga is sufficient for transcriptional activation of virulence-regulated genes in bordetella pertussis. | in bordetella pertussis the expression of virulence factors is coordinately regulated by the bvgs and bvga proteins, members of the bacterial two-component signal transduction family, bvgs being the transmembrane sensor and bvga the regulator. activation of virulence gene expression requires phosphorylation of bvga. on the basis of observed differences in the regulation of individual genes, the existence of accessory regulators has been postulated. they were supposed to be necessary for expressi ... | 1996 | 8598192 |
| integration of multiple domains in a two-component sensor protein: the bordetella pertussis bvgas phosphorelay. | bvgs and bvga, a two-component system, regulate virulence gene expression in bordetella pertussis. bvgs is a transmembrane sensor protein that can autophosphorylate and phosphorylate bvga. phosphorylated bvga activates transcription of virulence genes. the cytoplasmic region of bvgs contains three domains separated by alanine/proline-rich sequences--the transmitter, receiver and c-terminus. we report that the c-terminal domain, like the transmitter and receiver, is an essential part of the phosp ... | 1996 | 8605872 |
| nitric oxide induction by pertussis toxin in mouse spleen cells via gamma interferon. | we examined the major pathogenic substances of bordetella pertussis for the ability to induce nitric oxide, and important biological function of macrophages, via gamma interferon in spleen cells. b. pertussis, which produces a variety of pathogenic substances, including pertussis toxin and filamentous hemagglutinin, causes a severe respiratory disease. nitric oxide was detected in the culture fluid of spleen cells stimulated with pertussis toxin or its b oligomer but not in the culture fluid of ... | 1996 | 8606094 |
| the pertussis toxin liberation genes of bordetella pertussis are transcriptionally linked to the pertussis toxin operon. | the dna sequence of the pertussis toxin operon (ptx) of bordetella pertussis predicts that transcription of the operon ends downstream from the ptxs3 gene at a possible stem-loop structure. secretion of the assembled pertussis toxin into the culture medium required the expression of 8 genes arranged in an operon (ptl) and lying 55 bp downstream from the ptx and ptl operons are cotranscribed and coregulated by the p(tox) promoter. deletion of the 55-bp dna region caused an increase in the amount ... | 1996 | 8606119 |
| polymerase chain reaction for the detection of bordetella pertussis in clinical nasopharyngeal aspirates. | a pcr procedure for the detection of bordetella pertussis in nasopharyngeal aspirates (npas) was developed with primers derived from the pertussis toxin promoter region. the amplification resulted in a 191-bp pcr product specific for b. pertussis. a total of 681 npas collected from children with cough lasting >7 days was evaluated by pcr and culture; 104 aspirates were positive by pcr and 93 by culture. sixteen cases were positive only by pcr and five culture positive aspirates were negative by ... | 1996 | 8606353 |