Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| generation of superoxide anion radical by alpha-terthienyl in the anal gills of mosquito larvae aedes aegypti: a new aspect in alpha-terthienyl phototoxicity. | the present study documents that the secondary plant metabolites, especially alpha-terthienyl, exert phototoxic action through inhibition of certain enzymes and generation of singlet oxygen. some of the reports have emerged exhibiting involvement of free radical generation in vitro by alpha-terthienyl. we provide evidence for the generation of a free radical viz., superoxide anion radical, by alpha-terthienyl employing spin-trapping techniques, probably due to the extension of the latter reactio ... | 1992 | 1318115 |
| characterization of a vasodilator from the salivary glands of the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti. | salivary gland homogenates and oil-induced saliva of the mosquito aedes aegypti dilate the rabbit aortic ring and contract the guinea pig ileum. the vasodilatory activity is endothelium-dependent, heat-stable, sensitive to both trypsin and chymotrypsin treatments, and both smooth muscle activities cross-desensitize to the tachykinin peptide substance p. both bioactivities co-elute when salivary gland homogenates are fractionated by reversed-phase hplc. molecular sieving chromatography indicates ... | 1992 | 1375258 |
| [effect of sublethal concentrations of abate on biological parameters of aedes aegypti]. | the effect of abate (temephos) applied at the rate of 0.016, 0.020 and 0.025 mg/l on fourth stadium larvae and its effect upon pupae weight, adult weight, ingested blood weight and longevity of aedes aegypti were investigated. the insecticide was applied on f2 generation larvae that were fed an artificial diet under laboratory conditions, from larvae collected at urban level in monterrey, n.l., mexico. in relation to the adult, females were fed with a 10 per cent honey solution and rabbit blood ... | 1992 | 1380186 |
| larvicidal effects of penicillium citrinum spores and extracts upon aedes aegypti. | 1992 | 1401991 | |
| seasonal incidence and horizontal distribution patterns of oviposition by aedes aegypti in an urban environment in trinidad, west indies. | the oviposition patterns of aedes aegypti in ovitraps placed along 5 horizontal transects were monitored weekly for 52 wk (january to december 1988) in st. joseph, trinidad. of the 2,550 ovitraps exposed, 270 were lost and 1,177 (52%) out of 2,280 were used by gravid females, containing 38,118 eggs. during the dry season 43% (16,265 eggs) of the eggs were collected whereas during the wet season 57% (21,853 eggs) were collected. ovitraps exposed under eaves, under houses and in the open yard attr ... | 1992 | 1402866 |
| mosquito vector control and biology in latin america--a second symposium. | the second spanish language symposium presented by the american mosquito control association (amca) was held as part of the 58th annual meeting in corpus christi, tx in march 1992. the principal objective, as it was for the 1991 symposium, was to increase and stimulate greater participation in the amca by vector control specialists and public health workers from latin america. this publication includes summaries of 25 individual presentations that were given in spanish. the symposium included th ... | 1992 | 1402870 |
| penetration of the mosquito (aedes aegypti) midgut wall by the ookinetes of plasmodium gallinaceum. | we observed plasmodium gallinaceum ookinetes in both intracellular and intercellular positions in the midgut epithelium of the mosquito aedes aegypti. after epithelial cell invasion intracellular ookinetes lacked a parasitophorous vacuolar membrane and were surrounded solely by their own pellicle. thus, the ookinete in the midgut epithelium of the mosquito differs from erythrocytic and hepatic stages in that the parasite in the vertebrate host is surrounded by a vacuole. the midgut epithelial cy ... | 1992 | 1403980 |
| experimental wuchereria bancrofti infection of culex quinquefasciatus and aedes aegypti. | laboratory-derived females of culex quinquefasciatus and aedes aegypti were experimentally infected with wuchereria bancrofti by allowing the insects to feed on infected volunteers of known microfilariae density between 24.00 and 2.00 hours. of the 240 mosquitoes used for the experiments only 67 (55.8%) of c. quinquefasciatus and 83 (69.2%) of the ae.aegypti actually fed on the volunteers' blood. after 16 days post-infection period, 50 (74.62%) of the engorged c. quinquefasciatus harboured infec ... | 1992 | 1416219 |
| development of specific ria and elisa to study trypsin modulating oostatic factor in mosquitoes. | trypsin modulating oostatic factor (tmof), a decapeptide (h-ydpapppppp-oh) that signals the termination of trypsinlike enzyme biosynthesis in the mosquito midgut, was covalently bound to keyhole limpet hemocyanin using n-hydroxysuccinimide and dicyclohexylcarbodiimide. polyclonal antibodies raised in rabbits against this conjugate were used to develop specific ria and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to detect the peptide hormone in female aedes aegypti. tmof and its analogs tmof(b) (h- ... | 1992 | 1421442 |
| plasmodium gallinaceum: antibodies to circumsporozoite protein prevent sporozoites from invading the salivary glands of aedes aegypti. | a circumsporozoite protein-specific monoclonal antibody (n2h6d5) was injected into malaria-infected mosquitoes to determine its effect on the sporogonic cycle. after injection of antibody into mosquitoes (100 ng each), positive immunofluorescence (measured on air-dried sporozoites) reactions in hemolymph extracts were observed at a dilution of 1:1000. at 72 hr postinjection the levels dropped to 1:10. sporozoites coinjected with antibody did not invade the salivary glands. in naturally infected ... | 1992 | 1426132 |
| influence of temperature on developmental parameters of the parasite/host system edhazardia aedis (microsporida: amblyosporidae) and aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | larvae of aedes aegypti, transovarially infected with edhazardia aedis, were reared between 20 and 36 degrees c to determine the influence of temperature on the development of the parasite and the infected host. development of the parasite was evaluated based on spore yield and size. the predicted optimum temperature for maximum spore production of e. aedis in a. aegypti was 30.8 degrees c. the results demonstrate that the e. aedis-a. aegypti system has a wide temperature tolerance; whereas spor ... | 1992 | 1431195 |
| effect of per os edhazardia aedis (microsporida: amblyosporidae) infection on aedes aegypti mortality and body size. | infection with edhazardia aedis uninucleate spores had less effect on aedes aegypti larval mortality and adult body size than did larval diet. larval mortality averaged 60-81% in starved larvae and 2-16% in well-fed larvae. no significant amounts of larval mortality could consistently be attributed to exposure to the parasite at dosages of 1.5 x 10(3) or 1.5 x 10(5) spores/ml. infection rates in adults surviving exposure to the parasites as larvae ranged from 30 to 59%. infected adults had signi ... | 1992 | 1431854 |
| variation in aedes aegypti larval indices over a one year period in a neighborhood of mérida, yucatán, méxico. | surveys for aedes aegypti larvae were conducted to provide an estimate of the magnitude and timing of seasonal variations in larval indices in one colonia in mérida, yucatán, méxico, and to assess how the proportion of disposable and non-disposable containers as larval production sites varies. breteau indices exceeded 200 during the months of july and august, and disposable containers were important year-round larval production sites. | 1992 | 1431864 |
| [the susceptibility of mosquitoes for plasmodium gallinaceum in the joint use of biologically active substances]. | making use of a model pair aedes aegypti--plasmodium gallinaceum, the authors assess the susceptibility of mosquito female survivors to malaria agent after treatment of larvae with various bioactive substances. eight binary combinations of 6 preparations have been tried: dimilin and uvemon, insect development regulators; fundosol and copper sulfate, fungicides; phytobacteriomicin (pbm), a larvicidal antibiotic; bactoculicide, a bacterial agent. combinations of pbm with compounds differing by the ... | 1992 | 1435576 |
| structure determination and toxicity of a new microcystin from microcystis aeruginosa strain 205. | a new hepatotoxic microcystin was isolated from the cyanobacterium microcystis aeruginosa strain 205. its structure was found to be [dha7]microcystin-rr as determined by amino acid analysis, mass spectrometry and 1h nmr spectroscopy. ld50 value (i.p. mouse) of this toxin was 180 micrograms/kg. the 48 hr lethal concentration (48-hr-lc50) of the toxin for larvae of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, was 14.9 micrograms/ml. | 1992 | 1440646 |
| dengue 1 epidemic in french polynesia, 1988-1989: surveillance and clinical, epidemiological, virological and serological findings in 1752 documented clinical cases. | an epidemic of dengue 1 occurred in french polynesia in december 1988 and june 1989. this paper records (i) the trend of the outbreak and its surveillance and (ii) the clinical, epidemiological and virological data obtained from 1752 documented cases. the epidemic reached its peak in february in tahiti island, 7 weeks after its recognition. among 6034 suspect cases reported by sentinel physicians, 60.3% were < 20 years old. the illness was classical dengue. no fatality or case of dengue haemorrh ... | 1992 | 1440788 |
| evaluation of synergism among bacillus thuringiensis toxins. | a simple test for synergism among toxins is described and applied to previously reported data on independent and joint toxicities of insecticidal proteins from bacillus thuringiensis. the analysis shows synergism between a 27-kda (cyta) toxin and 130- or 65-kda (cryiv) toxins from b. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis against aedes aegypti larvae. no positive synergism between 130- and 65-kda toxins or among three cryia toxins tested against seven species of lepidoptera occurred. comparisons with ... | 1992 | 1444368 |
| opposite influences of host anaemia on blood feeding rate and fecundity of mosquitoes. | we tested a theoretical model based on the physics of capillary flow and confirmed that anaemia accelerates blood intake in the yellow-fever mosquito, aedes aegypti (l.). we also investigated the influence of anaemic blood on egg production of mosquitoes and found that it has a negative influence on fecundity. based strictly on egg production and the physics of fluid intake, we propose that although anaemia associated with blood-borne parasites may be detrimental to mosquitoes that can engorge t ... | 1992 | 1454415 |
| on the developmental velocity of wucheria bancrofti larvae in vector mosquitoes of different susceptibility to filarial infections. | the developmental velocity of wucheria bancrofti larvae was investigated in mosquito strains with different susceptibility to this filarial species. high susceptibility of the vector strains favoured fast filarial development, e.g. between 17.1 and 25.9% of all discovered larvae on day 13 p.i. had already migrated to the head and mouth parts of the more and partly even highly susceptible anopheles gambiae, culex pipiens quinquefasciatus and aedes aegypti, respectively, whereas between 0 and 3.4% ... | 1992 | 1456467 |
| binding of bacillus sphaericus binary toxin to a specific receptor on midgut brush-border membranes from mosquito larvae. | the presence of specific receptors for bacillus sphaericus binary toxin on brush-border membrane fractions (bbmf) from culex pipiens larvae midgut cells was demonstrated by an in vitro binding assay. both activated and radiolabelled polypeptides from the 51-kda and 42-kda binary toxin of b. sphaericus 1593 specifically bound to bbmf. direct binding and homologous competition experiments indicated a single class of b. sphaericus toxin receptors, with a dissociation constant (kd) of approximately ... | 1992 | 1459140 |
| female aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) in thailand rarely feed on sugar. | female aedes aegypti (l.) of two different body sizes and provided with different diets (20% sucrose, water only, or 20% sucrose + human blood) were marked and released together in a rural thai village. recaptured marked and unmarked (wild) adults were tested for fructose by the cold-anthrone reaction. both released and wild females showed a low frequency of sugar feeding in nature; both small-bodied and large-bodied individuals failed to sugar feed significantly. marked females released with su ... | 1992 | 1460619 |
| failure of dengue viruses to replicate in culex quinquefasciatus (diptera: culicidae). | culex quinquefasciatus (say) and aedes aegypti (l.) were parenterally infected with dengue viruses and virus replication was monitored at intervals after infection in each species. dengue viruses replicated rapidly in ae. aegypti, reaching a peak titer of 10(6)-10(7) mosquito infectious dose 50 (mid50) per mosquito. in cx. quinquefasciatus, however, dengue virus replication did not occur. we conclude that this mosquito species is refractory to infection with dengue viruses and, therefore, does n ... | 1992 | 1460627 |
| variation in the efficiency of vertical transmission of dengue-1 virus by strains of aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae). | five geographical strains of aedes albopictus (skuse) were compared for their ability to transmit vertically a dengue-1 isolate from jamaica. the oahu strain of ae. albopictus and a strain of aedes aegypti (l.) from the united states were included as controls. the offspring of orally infected females were assayed individually for vertical infection. vertical transmission rates among strains ranged from 11 to 41%, and filial infection rates of strains ranged from 0.5 to 2.9%. filial infection rat ... | 1992 | 1460640 |
| the xxth century dengue pandemic: need for surveillance and research. | by the last decade of the xxth century aedes aegypti and the 4 dengue viruses had spread to nearly all countries of the tropical world. some 2 billion persons live in dengue-endemic areas with tens of millions infected annually. dengue pandemics were also documented in the xviiith and xixth centuries; they were contained by organized anti-aedes aegypti campaigns and urban improvements. the xxth century dengue pandemic has brought with it the simultaneous circulation of multiple serotypes and in ... | 1992 | 1462664 |
| infection of adult mosquitoes by the entomopathogenic fungus erynia conica (entomophthorales: entomophthoraceae). | the infection of adult mosquitoes by the entomopathogenic fungus erynia conica is presented for the first time. adult aedes aegypti were exposed to conidial showers from field-collected chaoborid, tipulid and chironomid cadavers for 24 h under conditions of 100% rh and 15 degrees c. up to 24% of the adults were killed by the mycosis. cadavers of ae. aegypti produced conidia that were infective to other adult ae. aegypti; however, rates of infection were never more than 12%. nevertheless, ae. aeg ... | 1992 | 1474381 |
| mosquito size and multiple transmission of avian malaria in the laboratory. | probing mosquitoes salivate before ingesting blood, and malaria sporozoites are transmitted during this phase of feeding. large and small aedes aegypti infected with plasmodium gallinaceum were allowed to probe briefly on a series of 3 naive chicks. large mosquitoes were more infective overall, but there was no difference in the ability of either size class to infect the first host. large mosquitoes were more likely than small mosquitoes to infect more than one host during serial feeding. | 1992 | 1474384 |
| reduction in the susceptibility of aedes aegypti to brugia malayi infection after treatment with ethyl methanesulfonate. | the susceptibility to brugia malayi infections of f2 and f4 progenies of aedes aegypti (black eye strain) treated with ethyl methanesulfonate (ems) was tested. both 3-day-old males and females were treated with 0.025, 0.050, 0.075 and 0.10% ems. control and treated females were then mated with normal or treated males to recover f1 progeny. f2 offspring were derived from sibling intercrosses, and 3 lines were established by further intercross matings to generate the f4. susceptibility in the 0.02 ... | 1992 | 1474390 |
| [molecular cloning and identification of 130kd mosquitocidal protein gene of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (bti)]. | the location of 130kd mosquitocidal protein gene of bti 4q5 strain on its 75md plasmid was confirmed by southern hybridization using a 18-base oligonucleotide probe. the crystal protein containing the component of 130kd toxic protein was purified. the crystal protein exhibiting the mosquitocidal activity against larvae of aedes aegypti was shown by bioassay. the purified 75md plasmid dna of bti 4q5 strain was completely digested with hindiii restriction enzyme, ligated with the vector puc18 and ... | 1992 | 1481529 |
| further evidence that the genes controlling susceptibility of aedes aegypti to filarial parasites function independently. | comparisons were made of in vivo labeled polypeptides from aedes aegypti strains refractory to either brugia malayi or dirofilaria immitis. there does not seem to be a generalized "anti-parasite" polypeptide response that mosquitoes refractory to filarial worm infection produce following bloodfeeding. instead, it seems that any response produced by these mosquitoes is localized to the tissue in which the filarial parasite develops. | 1992 | 1491306 |
| multiple transmission of plasmodium gallinaceum (eucoccida: plasmodiidae) during serial probing by aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) on several hosts. | mosquitoes salivate before ingesting blood, and sporozoites are transmitted during this phase of feeding. in the laboratory, malaria-infected aedes aegypti were allowed to probe on a series of three chicks during a 5-min period. probing on each host was interrupted after 10 s. our results demonstrate that up to three hosts can be serially infected with avian malaria during a 5-min period. | 1992 | 1495052 |
| laboratory evaluation of brazilian mesocyclops (copepoda: cyclopidae) for mosquito control. | in laboratory tests, four different strains of mesocyclops aspericornis (daday) collected in or near fortaleza, brazil, showed potential as biological control agents of aedes aegypti (l.) mosquito larvae but were not as effective against anopheles or culex. in contrast, the larger m. longisetus (thiebaud), collected at fortaleza, killed 100% of ae. aegypti and anopheles farauti (laveran) (no. 1) at larval densities of 200/liter and culex quinquefasciatus (say) at 25/liter. in cage simulations wi ... | 1992 | 1495067 |
| brugia malayi: ivermectin inhibits the exsheathment of microfilariae. | brugia malayi-infected microfilaremic jirds (meriones unguiculatus) were treated with ivermectin at a single dose of 200 micrograms/kg of body weight injected subcutaneously. susceptible aedes aegypti mosquitoes were fed on treated jirds 24 hours later. mosquitoes fed on untreated jirds served as controls. infected mosquitoes were dissected at 1, 3, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hr after the blood meal, and differential counts of sheathed microfilariae, exsheathed microfilariae, and cast sheaths were perfo ... | 1992 | 1539753 |
| dengue fever: a resurgent risk for the international traveler. | the incidence of dengue fever, an acute febrile illness transmitted by the aedes aegypti mosquito, is on the rise. high fever, severe headache, skin rash and a variety of constitutional symptoms are hallmarks of classic dengue fever. dengue hemorrhagic fever, a severe manifestation associated with secondary infection, most often occurs in children. treatment of classic dengue fever is supportive, whereas urgent rehydration therapy is often required in more severe forms. community-based and perso ... | 1992 | 1543101 |
| blood vessel location time by anopheles stephensi (diptera: culicidae). | probing behavior of anopheles stephensi liston is characterized by the following: the first probe is longer than subsequent ones, the probability of blood location rises initially and then falls, and blood vessel location is deterministic. the overall probing behavior of an. stephensi, therefore, is similar to that of aedes aegypti (l.); i.e., differences between them were quantitative and may be accounted for by different levels of salivary apyrase and different experimental vertebrate hosts. | 1992 | 1552520 |
| on the infectivity of early third-stage brugia larvae isolated from the abdomen of aedes aegypti. | third-stage larvae (l3) of wuchereria bancrofti, brugia malayi and b. pahangi are known to be recovered not only from the head and thorax but also from the abdomen of dissected vector mosquitoes. for epidemiological reasons, was of interest to determine whether l3 larvae from the abdomen of the vector would be infectious for the final host. early abdominal l3 larvae of b. pahangi isolated as early as on day 7 post-infection (p.i.) from aedes aegypti were injected s.c. into five male meriones ung ... | 1992 | 1584752 |
| developmentally regulated infectivity of malaria sporozoites for mosquito salivary glands and the vertebrate host. | sporozoites are an invasive stage of the malaria parasite in both the mosquito vector and the vertebrate host. we developed an in vivo assay for mosquito salivary gland invasion by preparing plasmodium gallinaceum sporozoites from infected aedes aegypti mosquitoes under physiological conditions and inoculating them into uninfected female ae. aegypti. sporozoites from mature oocysts were isolated from mosquito abdomens 10 or 11 d after an infective blood meal. salivary gland sporozoites were isol ... | 1992 | 1588284 |
| the role of the mosquito peritrophic membrane in bloodmeal digestion and infectivity of plasmodium species. | secretion and luminal formation of the peritrophic membrane (pm) were induced in female anopheles stephensi and aedes aegypti by feeding the mosquitoes on a warmed suspension of latex particles in ringer's solution. the pm in a. stephensi was produced from apical secretion vesicles stored in the midgut epithelial cells and secreted into the lumen during feeding. in a. aegypti, the pm was formed de novo. when the latex feeding was followed 24 hr later by a meal of lyophilized pig blood, the 2 mos ... | 1992 | 1597785 |
| biological control of culicidae with the copepod mesocyclops aspericornis and larvivorous fish (poeciliidae) in a village of french polynesia. | the copepod mesocyclops aspericornis daday and the larvivorous fishes gambusia affinis (b. & g.) and poecilia reticulata r. & b., were released into mosquito breeding sites in tuherahera village, tikehau atoll, french polynesia, to control larvae of aedes aegypti (l.), ae.polynesiensis marks, culex annulirostris skuse and cx quinquefasciatus say. treatments were completed within a week, in january 1990. fish quickly eliminated mosquito larvae from the open breeding sites (ponds, wells). the impa ... | 1992 | 1600235 |
| digestion of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis spores by larvae of aedes aegypti. | the larvicidal activity of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis against mosquitoes and the blackfly is included in parasporal crystalline bodies which are produced during sporulation. following ingestion, the crystals are solubilized in the larval midgut and induce death within a short time; the spores germinate in the dead larvae and complete a growth cycle. the fate of the spores in surviving live larvae was elucidated by using a nonlarvicidal b. thuringiensis var. israelensis mutant. when ... | 1992 | 1607667 |
| a novel bioassay system for evaluating the toxicity of bacillus thuringiensis israelensis against mosquito larvae. | a bioassay system employing acutely toxic concentrations of a spore-crystal mixture of bacillus thuringiensis subspecies israelensis against fourth instar larvae of aedes aegypti (l.) is described. individual larvae are separately exposed to toxin in glass-lined miniature wells or scintillation vials. this method is free from the deaths due to predation among larvae. such larval deaths are commonly encountered in bioassay groups of 25 larvae as currently specified in the world health organizatio ... | 1992 | 1607671 |
| phenol oxidase activity in hemolymph compartments of aedes aegypti during melanotic encapsulation reactions against microfilariae. | monophenol oxidase (mpo) and diphenol oxidase (dpo) activity was assessed in hemocytes, cell-free plasma and complete hemolymph collected from aedes aegypti liverpool strain, intrathoracically inoculated with saline alone, immune activated by the inoculation of dirofilaria immitis microfilariae (mff), and uninoculated. enzyme activities between groups were compared using a radiometric hydroxylation assay (mpo) and a high pressure liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection assay (dpo). ... | 1992 | 1618354 |
| results of a community-based aedes aegypti control program in merida, yucatan, mexico. | this report describes the results of a community-based aedes aegypti control program in merida, yucatan, mexico. baseline surveys concerning knowledge, beliefs, and practices of 577 women and a larval survey of 616 house lots were carried out in october 1989. following development of a public health communication intervention from this data, the program was implemented in six communities. evaluation used an untreated control group design with pretest and two post-tests, one at completion and one ... | 1992 | 1621887 |
| first reported outbreak of classical dengue fever at 1,700 meters above sea level in guerrero state, mexico, june 1988. | an outbreak of classical dengue fever occurred from march to august 1988 in the city of taxco, guerrero state, mexico. taxco is at an elevation of 1,700 meters above sea level, and this study represents the highest altitude at which an outbreak of dengue has been documented. an investigation was conducted to obtain serologic confirmation of dengue infection, determine the extent of the outbreak, and identify risk factors for dengue illness. toxorhynchites cell lines were used for viral isolation ... | 1992 | 1621889 |
| induced polypeptides associated with filarial worm refractoriness in aedes aegypti. | brugia malayi and wuchereria bancrofti are mosquito-borne parasitic nematodes responsible for lymphatic filariasis in approximately 90 million people. the genetic control of the susceptibility of aedes aegypti mosquitoes to b. malayi was well defined 30 years ago, but no data have since been provided regarding the gene products responsible for susceptibility or refractoriness or both. we addressed this problem by assessing polypeptide synthesis in thoracic tissue, the developmental site of this ... | 1992 | 1631149 |
| the diel pattern of entry to outdoor oviposition sites by female aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) that then laid eggs there: a preliminary study. | experimental observations, made outdoors during the dry and wet seasons in trinidad, demonstrate that more than 70% of female aedes aegypti that are destined to oviposit within the next two hours enter ovitraps during the first and last two-hour periods in the day, a finding consistent with the diel pattern of oviposition recorded earlier at the same site. it is possible that proportionately more eggs are laid in the morning peak during the dry season than the wet season. fewer eggs are laid wit ... | 1992 | 1288434 |
| [the campaign against aedes aegypti]. | 1992 | 1296682 | |
| [observation on the effectiveness of repellent coating against mosquitoes]. | the present paper reports on the effectiveness of a repellent coating for the first time. the repellent coating was made by combining deta (n,n-diethyl-meta-toluamide) with slow-releasing reagent. with this coating employed in the laboratory against aedes aegypti, the rate of blood-sucking was 3.9-9.5% and the rate of protection was 88.9-95.3% for 1-720 days. during 1-77 days' field trial, the rpi (relative population index) was 0-8.98% in the day-time and 0.74-17.15 during the night-time agains ... | 1992 | 1307278 |
| susceptibility of selected strains of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus (diptera: culicidae) to chikungunya virus. | the relative susceptibility of selected strains of aedes aegypti (l.) and aedes albopictus (skuse) fed on a viremic monkey to infection with chikungunya virus was determined. infection rates were consistently higher in 10 strains of ae. albopictus tested than in 7 strains of ae. aegypti tested, regardless of the geographic location from which the strains originated or the dose of virus ingested. similarly, virus dissemination rates were higher in the ae. albopictus strains compared with the ae. ... | 1992 | 1313111 |
| the complete nucleotide sequence of cell fusing agent (cfa): homology between the nonstructural proteins encoded by cfa and the nonstructural proteins encoded by arthropod-borne flaviviruses. | cell fusing agent (cfa) is an rna virus originally isolated from a line of aedes aegypti mosquito cells. although our characterization of the virus many years ago showed that it resembled the flaviviruses, there was no detectable serological cross-reaction with members of the genus flavivirus. furthermore, unlike the well-studied members of the genus flavivirus, cfa did not replicate in any of several vertebrate cell lines tested. we have now determined the nucleotide sequence of the cfa genome. ... | 1992 | 1322586 |
| enzymes in saliva from four parasitic arthropods. | enzyme assays and sds polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were carried out on saliva and in some cases homogenates of salivary gland and gut from four parasitic arthropods (the cattle tick, boophilus microplus (canestrini); the mosquito, aedes aegypti (l.); non-parasitic adult and parasitic larval blowfly of sheep, lucilia cuprina (wiedemann); the buffalo fly, haematobia irritans exigua de meijere). saliva from all species showed large differences in the number and molecular weight of components, ... | 1992 | 1330086 |
| isolation of getah virus from mosquitos collected on hainan island, china, and results of a serosurvey. | an isolate of getah virus was obtained from culex mosquitos collected in mao'an village, baoting county, hainan province, china, in 1964. the virus (strain m-1) replicated in laboratory-bred aedes aegypti and cx. fatigans (= quinquefasciatus), and was transmitted by laboratory-bred ae. albopictus to healthy newborn albino mice. skeletal muscles of newborn albino mice experimentally infected with the virus showed degeneration, atrophy, necrosis, and inflammatory changes of muscle fibers. antibody ... | 1992 | 1338481 |
| a new serotype of bacillus thuringiensis from colombia toxic to mosquito larvae. | during a survey conducted in colombia a new isolate of bacillus thuringiensis that showed toxicity toward culex quinquefasciatus, cx. pipiens, aedes aegypti, and anopheles stephensi larvae was isolated. parasporal crystals were spherical in shape and showed a great degree of similarity with those produced by the reference strain of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. supernatant fraction of the whole culture was not toxic, and heat-stable exotoxin production was negative. catalase, urease ... | 1992 | 1347310 |
| [the efficacy of a combined preparation based on bacillus sphaericus and bac. thuringiensis h-14 against the larvae of blood-sucking mosquitoes]. | the optimal bactoculicide/sphaerolarvicide ratio in combination using against aedes aegypti larvae was established in laboratory by selection. the field trials of the selected bs/bt sample containing the ingredients in titer: bactoculicide-83, sphaerolarvicide-17 were conducted in the arid area of central asia. with 1 g/m2, complete mortality of culex, aedes and anopheles larvae was obtained with the residual larvicidal action of 15 days. it is recommended to carry out more large-scale trials of ... | 1992 | 1354836 |
| comparison of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis cryiva and cryivb cloned toxins reveals synergism in vivo. | when the gene for the mosquitocidal protein cryiva was expressed in two strains of bacillus thuringiensis (bt) cured of their resident delta-endotoxin genes, the protein accumulated as large inclusions. the inclusions produced in the bt subsp. kurstaki recipient strain were twice as soluble at alkaline ph as the inclusions produced in bt subsp. israelensis. solubilized protoxins were activated by treatment with mosquito gut extracts or trypsin for varying lengths of time and tested for in vitro ... | 1992 | 1355748 |
| adulticidal effect of cyfluthrin against mosquitos of public health importance in malaysia. | the efficacy of two formulations, wettable powder and emulsifiable concentrate, of cyfluthrin sprayed on plywood [10 mg (ai)/m2] was assessed against six species of mosquitos. the bioassay followed the who standard method, with some modification for the bioassay of insecticidal deposits on wall surfaces. the results indicated that these two formulations of cyfluthrin were effective against anopheles dirus and mansonia uniformis, moderately toxic to aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus in decreasing ... | 1992 | 1355928 |
| infectivity and pathogenesis of iridescent virus type 22 in various insect hosts. | this paper reports the results of a series of laboratory experiments to determine the infectivity and pathogenesis of iridescent virus type 22 (iv 22) for six species of mosquitoes, phlebotomine sand flies and triatomid bugs. following inoculation, iv 22 replicated in all of the species tested, without producing noticeable mortality within a 14 day observation period. examination of the infected insects by immunofluorescence demonstrated large amounts of viral antigen in many different organs. e ... | 1992 | 1355961 |
| host range of clostridium bifermentans serovar. malaysia, a mosquitocidal anaerobic bacterium. | clostridium bifermentans serovar. malaysia (c.b.m.) is toxic to mosquito larvae. in this study, we quantified its toxicity to the mosquitoes, aedes aegypti, ae. albopictus, ae. caspius, ae. detritus, anopheles stephensi, an. gambiae, culex pipiens and cx. quinquefasciatus. anopheles larvae are the most susceptible, followed by ae. detritus and ae. caspius, then culex and other aedes larvae. according to mosquito species, the lc50 varies from 7 x 10(3) to 1.3 x 10(6) cells/ml. three concentration ... | 1992 | 1357087 |
| virus-dependent mortality in rift valley fever, eastern equine encephalomyelitis, and chikungunya virus-inoculated mosquito (diptera: culicidae) larvae. | the effect of inoculation of mosquito larvae with rift valley fever (rvf) virus on survival to the adult stage was evaluated in aedes aegypti (l.), ae. fowleri (charmoy), ae. mcintoshi huang, ae. taeniorhynchus (wiedemann), ae. triseriatus (say), eretmapodites quinquevittatus theobald, anopheles albimanus wiedemann, and culex pipiens l. pupation rates were similar for rvf virus-inoculated and diluent-inoculated larvae of all mosquito species tested except cx. pipiens. however, with the exception ... | 1992 | 1357176 |
| suppression of aedes aegypti by predatory toxorhynchites moctezuma in an island habitat. | larval populations of the mosquito aedes aegypti were suppressed by predatory toxorhynchites moctezuma mosquito larvae released systematically in a village on union island (saint vincent and the grenadines) during march-december 1988. eggs and larvae of tx.moctezuma were transported from trinidad and introduced into all semi-permanent and permanent water-holding containers in the experimental village at clifton. the semi-isolated village of ashton served as control. base-line ae.aegypti indices ... | 1992 | 1358269 |
| evaluation of the residual efficacy of permethrin-impregnated screens used against mosquitoes in marigat, baringo district, kenya. | insecticide-impregnated screens and bednets are gradually finding wider use in malaria control programmes. the efficacy of these devices is dependent on the method of application, the acceptability by the people and effectiveness of the insecticide used. the present studies were carried out to determine the duration of the effectiveness of a permethrin-impregnated wall cloth (mbu cloth) used in the marigat area of baringo district, kenya in order to ensure its effective use. cotton cloth impregn ... | 1992 | 1363445 |
| distribution, frequency, and diversity of bacillus thuringiensis in an animal feed mill. | bacillus thuringiensis was isolated from 36 of 50 residue samples obtained from an animal feed mill (a stored-product environment). of 710 selected colonies having bacillus cereus-b. thuringiensis morphology isolated from the samples, 477 were classified as b. thuringiensis because of production of parasporal delta-endotoxin crystals. there was a diverse population of b. thuringiensis, as revealed by differentiation of the isolates into 36 subgroups by using (i) their spectra of toxicity to the ... | 1992 | 16348699 |
| magnetic resonance studies of eukaryotic cells. iii. spin labeled fatty acids in the plasma membrane. | xc sarcoma, vero and aedes aegypti plasma membranes have been studied in viable cells and in purified membrane of xc sarcoma cells by the spin label method. the temperature dependence of the order parameter of fatty acid spin labels is found to be linear in all three cells and membrane and shows no evidence of a lipid phase transition. the order parameter of the fatty acid labels substituted at the 5-position is shown to increase as a function of the cholesterol: phospholipid molar ratio in cell ... | 1992 | 206284 |
| expression of cryiva and cryivb genes, independently or in combination, in a crystal-negative strain of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. | the cryiva and cryivb genes, encoding the 125- and 135-kda proteins, respectively, of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis, were cloned either alone or together into a shuttle vector and expressed in a nontoxic strain of b. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. the cryivb protein was produced at a high level during sporulation and accumulated as inclusions; in contrast, the cryiva polypeptide did not form such structures unless it was cloned on a higher-copy-number plasmid. transcriptional fusi ... | 1993 | 16349095 |
| extracts of mosquito salivary gland inhibit tumour necrosis factor alpha release from mast cells. | extracts of salivary glands of the yellow fever mosquito aedes aegypti inhibit tumour cell-stimulated release of tumour necrosis factor alpha (tnf alpha) from rat mast cells, but do not inhibit antigen-induced histamine secretion. this inhibitory activity for tnf alpha is found in salivary glands of female but not in male mosquitoes. this inhibition is not mediated by bacterial contamination (lps), by calcitonin gene related peptide (cgrp), nerve growth factor (ngf), epidermal growth factor (egf ... | 1993 | 7679483 |
| ultra-rapid, simple, sensitive, and economical silica method for extraction of dengue viral rna from clinical specimens and mosquitoes by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. | a rapid, simple and efficient single-tube procedure is described for the isolation of dengue virus rna from small amount of serum (10 microliters) followed by a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). recovery of rna is based on the lysing and nuclease-inactivating properties of guanidinium thiocyanate in the presence of silica. the silica rt-pcr can be completed within 5 hours starting from rna extraction to agarose gel electrophoresis. all of the 63 dengue-3 culture-positive ... | 1993 | 7689635 |
| [dengue epidemic in new caledonia (1989). environmental factors and prevention]. | an extensive dengue epidemic was reported in new caledonia en 1989. environmental factors (temperature and rainfalls) directly controlled the mosquitos population at the end of 1988. the introduction of a new dengue virus, transmitted by aedes aegypti, was responsible for an epidemic that occurred in january-april 1989 and lasted until july 1989. the estimated number of cases was 25,000 and the attack rate was close to 120 per thousand inhabitants for a six month-period. the epidemic involved ma ... | 1993 | 7819798 |
| [current situation of yellow fever in latin america]. | yellow fever endemicity is currently stabilized in south america: an average of 115 cases has officially been notified each year since 25 years (between 12 and 304 annual cases). these figures are underevaluated but no epidemic has been observed since 1983. only sporadic or limited grouped cases have been reported. all declared cases correspond to people who have been infected within sylvatic areas, mainly adult forestmen. within the last years, the majority of cases have occurred in peru and bo ... | 1993 | 7819801 |
| mosquito host range and specificity of edhazardia aedis (microspora: culicosporidae). | edhazardia aedis was transmitted horizontally to its natural host, aedes aegypti, and to 6 alternate hosts: ae. albopictus, ae. triseriatus, ae. taeniorhynchus, anopheles quadrimaculatus, orthopodomyia signifera and toxorhynchites rutilus rutilus. the microsporidium produced both binucleate and uninucleate spores in all susceptible hosts. transovarial transmission, however, was only successful in ae. aegypti. therefore, while e. aedis can infect a variety of mosquito species from diverse genera, ... | 1993 | 7902414 |
| evaluation of organophosphorus and synthetic pyrethroid insecticides against six vector mosquitoe species. | three organophosphorus compounds- malathion, folithion and temephos- and two synthetic pyrethroids- alphamethrin and deltamethrin- were used for monitoring the susceptibility status of larvae and adults of six vector mosquito species: culex quinquefasciatus (filariasis) and aedes albopictus (dengue) (both laboratory and field strains); laboratory strains of aedes aegypti (dengue), anopheles stephensi and anopheles culicifacies (malaria), and culex tritaeniorhynchus (japanese encephalitis) in ind ... | 1993 | 7997809 |
| cytotoxicity and adp-ribosylating activity of the mosquitocidal toxin from bacillus sphaericus ssii-1: possible roles of the 27- and 70-kilodalton peptides. | clones expressing regions of the 100-kda bacillus sphaericus ssii-1 mosquitocidal toxin (mtx) as fusion proteins with glutathione s-transferase were constructed, and the toxin-derived peptides were purified. the in vitro adp-ribosylation activities of these peptides and their effects on larvae and cells in culture were studied. mtx25 (amino acids 30 to 493) was found to adp-ribosylate two proteins with molecular masses of 38 and 42 kda, respectively, in culex quinquefasciatus (g7) cell extracts, ... | 1993 | 8096838 |
| effect of temperature on toxicity of two bioinsecticides spherix (bacillus sphaericus) and bactoculicide (bacillus thuringiensis) against larvae of four vector mosquitoes. | two bioinsecticide preparations, viz. spherix (bacillus sphaericus) and bactoculicide (bacillus thuringiensis h-14), were tested in the laboratory against larvae of anopheles culicifacies, anopheles stephensi, culex quinquefasciatus and aedes aegypti at different temperatures. the lcs50 of spherix against iii instar larvae of these species at 27 +/- 2 degrees c were 2.0, 0.19, 0.05 and > 40 mg/litre, respectively and those of bactoculicide were 0.32, 0.16, 0.06 and 0.03 mg/litre, respectively. t ... | 1993 | 8100540 |
| linkage map for aedes aegypti using restriction fragment length polymorphisms. | we report construction of a genetic linkage map for the mosquito, aedes aegypti, based on restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps). the map consists of 50 dna markers that identify 53 loci covering 134 map units across three linkage groups. determination of linkage associations between rflp markers and several mutant marker loci allowed for partial integration of the rflp markers with an existing classical genetic linkage map for a. aegypti. the rflp markers include 42 random cdna clone ... | 1993 | 8101854 |
| variation of larval susceptibility to lagenidium giganteum in three mosquito species. | a significantly greater number of lagenidium giganteum zoospores were found encysting on the dorsal thoracic surface of anopheles gambiae larvae than on the larvae of aedes aegypti and culex pipiens. however, germ tube penetration in the cuticle of a. gambiae provoked an intense and diffuse melanization which encapsulated the fungus and protected 56% from death. although a small number of zoospores attach to and penetrate the cuticular surface of a. aegypti and c. pipiens approximately 99% of bo ... | 1993 | 8104999 |
| intracellular development of subperiodic brugia malayi influenced by mosquito thoracic muscle cells. | the in vitro development of 1-day-old intracellularly lodged larvae of brugia malayi cultured in infected excised thoraces of selected susceptible and refractory strains of aedes aegypti and anopheles quadrimaculatus was compared with larvae reared in vivo. in susceptible mosquitoes, both in vitro and in vivo, larvae developed normally and abnormally. in refractory mosquitoes this pattern of both normal and abnormal development was also observed, except that comparatively fewer larvae developed ... | 1993 | 8105000 |
| dengue in the south-eastern region of brazil: historical analysis and epidemiology. | the aim of the study is an historical analysis of the work undertaken by the public health organizations dedicated to the combat of the aedes aegypti, as well as an epidemiological study of persons with unexplained fever, with a view to evaluating the occurrence of dengue within the population. the mac-elisa, gac-elisa, hemagglutination inhibition, isolation and typage tests were used. organophosphate intoxication in agricultural workers was also assessed by measuring concentrations of seric cho ... | 1993 | 8115829 |
| [comparative study of larval and ovitrap efficacy for surveillance of dengue and yellow fever vectors]. | a comparative study of the efficiency of ovitraps and larval-traps was undertaken with a view to improving the entomological survey of vectors of dengue and yellow fever-aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus-in s. paulo state, brazil. the region studied is infected only by aedes albopictus, a species that keeps to wild habitats but colonizes artificial breeding grounds as well. the first part of the study was located in a periurban area of tremembé county were 3 hollon trees, 23 ovitraps and 5 larv ... | 1993 | 8209154 |
| [aedes (stegomyia) aegypti l. and associated culicidae fauna in a urban area of southern brazil]. | some aspects of the ecology of eleven species of culicidae that were found breeding in recipients in an urban area of southern brazil are presented. a great variety of recipients were listed as efficient breeding sites. apparently aedes aegypti has been recently introduced into the region and was limited to two areas of the city. culex quinquefasciatus, cx. coronator, ae. aegypti, ae. fluviatilis e limatus durhamii were the predominant species. | 1993 | 8209165 |
| effect of ivermectin on two filaria-vector pairs. brugia malayi-aedes aegypti; litomosoides sigmodontis-bdellonyssus bacoti. | the effect of ivermectin was studied on two filaria-vector pairs, brugia malayi-aedes aegypti and litomosoides sigmodontis-bdellonyssus bacoti. the rodent hosts, respectively mastomys coucha and meriones unguiculatus, were treated with ivermectin doses of 0.05 mg/kg, or 0.2 mg/kg or 2 mg/kg. batches of vectors were fed on rodents, infected or not, treated or not, from h7 to d43 post-ivermectin. vector survival was observed and dissections were performed to study the filarial development. it appe ... | 1993 | 8215116 |
| effect of a community-based aedes aegypti control programme on mosquito larval production sites in el progreso, honduras. | this paper describes the results of a trial to assess the efficacy in reducing the density of larval production sites of utilizing community involvement in the planning and implementation of an aedes aegypti control programme, in a dengue-endemic city in honduras. in addition to a substantial increase in knowledge about dengue transmission and prevention, a relative reduction in ae. aegypti larval infestation indices was found in those city neighbourhoods where community involvement was utilized ... | 1993 | 8236387 |
| insect blood meal studies using radiosodium 24na and 22na. | rabbits were infused with 3.7 gbq (100 mci) of [24na]na ion in a 100-ml sodium carbonate solution. beta particles were detected using a tennelec counting system; background counts were 1.6 +/- 1 counts per minute (cpm). counts for one nanoliter of blood ranged from 22 to 30 cpm. blood volumes on the mouthparts of tabanids following a 15-sec interrupted feeding were estimated to be 12.5 nl for tabanus fuscicostatus, 10.8 nl for t. nigrovittatus and 6.12 nl for chrysops fuliginosus. estimates of t ... | 1993 | 8245935 |
| oviposition response of aedes aegypti mosquitoes to different concentrations of hay infusion in trinidad, west indies. | ovitraps containing various concentrations of hay infusion and tap water were exposed weekly in the field for 15 wk to determine the oviposition patterns of aedes aegypti. the results showed 10, 20, 60 and 80% hay infusions each attracted similar numbers of ae. aegypti eggs oviposited and egg occurrences. no repellent effect was observed. in another field study, significantly more eggs and egg occurrences were collected from 25 and 50% hay infusions and tap water. the differences in these result ... | 1993 | 8245947 |
| blood-feeding patterns of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) collected in a rural thai village. | aedes aegypti (l.) were collected by aspiration once each week from in and around houses in a rural village in chachoengsao province. thailand, during may 1990 to june 1991. of the 1,230 specimens analyzed with a sandwich elisa, 73% reacted to one or more of the seven hosts which we tested. eighty-eight percent (789/896) of all detectable meals were identified as being from a single host (human). patent multiple meals (double and triple), of which one was always human, were detected in 7% (66/89 ... | 1993 | 8254642 |
| laboratory demonstration of oviposition by aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) in covered water jars. | in thailand, ceramic jars (135-200 liters) covered by aluminum lids commonly are used to store water for household use. in laboratory cages, gravid female aedes aegypti (l.) were able to enter and oviposit in a covered water jar. although the aluminum lid was not a complete barrier to gravid females, it reduced the number of eggs oviposited by 77%. a vertically oriented foam rubber ring which was compressed between the lip of the jar and the flange of the lid effectively sealed the jar against o ... | 1993 | 8254646 |
| the gonotrophic status and diel pattern of entry to outdoor oviposition sites of female aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae). | experimental observations, made outdoors during the dry and wet seasons in trinidad, confirm earlier findings regarding the diel pattern of entry to ovitraps and oviposition there and the taking of more than one bloodmeal during a single gonotrophic cycle. for 6-h but not for 6-h exposure periods, significantly more eggs were laid in the morning peak during the dry season than during the wet season. at the study site females were encountered singly, and only in ovitraps that contained eggs. with ... | 1993 | 8257237 |
| seasonal abundance of dengue vectors in manila, republic of the philippines. | the dengue vectors aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus were surveyed within the city of manila from august 1985 to july 1987. survey techniques included ovitraps, indoor resting collections, fay traps, and larval surveys. aedes aegypti was the principal container breeder within the residential areas, while ae. albopictus predominated in cemeteries. the ovitrap was very effective in detecting the presence of ae. aegypti, but not in measuring population changes during the year. indoor resting and fay ... | 1993 | 8266245 |
| codon usage patterns in chromosomal and retrotransposon genes of the mosquito anopheles gambiae. | codon usage was compiled for fourteen chromosomal genes and four retrotransposons from the mosquito anopheles gambiae. variation exists among chromosomal genes in the degree of bias. the genes showing the highest bias are probably most highly expressed. in these genes, the base composition at the third codon position is much richer in g + c than is the overall coding sequence. thus, codon usage is biased toward g- or c-ending codons. codon usage in each retrotransposon is quite different, not on ... | 1993 | 8269095 |
| dynamic life table model for aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae): analysis of the literature and model development. | the container-inhabiting mosquito simulation model (cimsim) is a weather-driven, dynamic life table simulation model of aedes aegypti (l.). it is designed to provide a framework for related models of similar mosquitoes which inhibit artificial and natural containers. cimsim is an attempt to provide a mechanistic, comprehensive, and dynamic accounting of the multitude of relationships known to play a role in the life history of these mosquitoes. development rates of eggs, larvae, pupae, and the g ... | 1993 | 8271242 |
| dynamic life table model for aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae): simulation results and validation. | the container-inhabiting mosquito simulation model (cimsim) is a weather-driven, dynamic life table simulation model of aedes aegypti (l.) and similar nondiapausing aedes mosquitoes that inhabit artificial and natural containers. this paper presents a validation of cimsim simulating ae. aegypti using several independent series of data that were not used in model development. validation data sets include laboratory work designed to elucidate the role of diet on fecundity and rates of larval devel ... | 1993 | 8271243 |
| [outbreak of classical fever of dengue caused by serotype 2 in araguaiana, tocantins, brazil]. | we report the first outbreak of dengue fever caused by dengue 2 (den 2) in araguaina, tocantins state. four hundred people of 74 families, living at s. joão, araguaina sul and neblina districts were questioned and then bled, in order to obtain sera to test for anti-dengue antibodies. if a person was sick, a small quantity of blood was collected for virus isolation. the main clinical picture of disease was characterized by fever, headache, myalgias, arthralgias and skin rash. were obtained 1,105 ... | 1993 | 8284598 |
| role of the cryivd polypeptide in the overall toxicity of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. | the gene encoding the cryivd protein of b. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis crystals was disrupted by in vivo recombination. the toxicity of the cryivd protein-free inclusions was similar to that of the wild-type crystals on anopheles stephensi larvae but was half the wild-type toxicity on culex pipiens and aedes aegypti larvae. | 1993 | 8285695 |
| on the transmissibility of eperythrozoon suis by stomoxys calcitrans and aedes aegypti. | the stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans (linnaeus), and the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti (linnaeus), were utilized to determine their capability to transmit eperythrozoon suis splitter between swine. three groups of each insect in each trial were allowed to feed on a pig previously infected with e. suis and then transferred to susceptible splenectomized pigs. as a control, one group of each insect was fed on a non-infected pig and then transferred to a susceptible pig. stable flies were tran ... | 1993 | 8291187 |
| stable transformation of mosquito cell lines using a hsp70::neo fusion gene. | mosquito cell culture transfection will allow the advancement of genetic studies of these important disease-transmitting insects. towards this end, we report the generation of stably transformed aedes aegypti mos20 cells using a plasmid construct containing the tn5 neo gene, the drosophila melanogaster hsp70 promoter, an sv40 intron and poly adenylation sequence, and a pbr 322 backbone. the apparent frequency of transfection, as measured by transient resistance of cell colonies to geneticin (g41 ... | 1993 | 8293995 |
| [the effect of water temperature on the action of bacterial insecticides against mosquito larvae]. | the ld50 logarithm of bacillus thuringiensis and b. sphaericus toxins effects on the larvae of aedes aegypti and culex pipiens is in inverse correlation with the water temperature. the influence of the temperature on the toxins effect on c. pipiens larvae is higher than that for a. aegypti larvae. similarly, b. sphaericus toxin effect depends on the water temperature to a greater measure than that of b. thuringiensis toxin. the authors predict a high efficacy of b. sphaericus-based insecticides ... | 1993 | 8336659 |
| heterogeneity in patterns of malarial oocyst infections in the mosquito vector. | oocyst prevalence and intensity have been recorded in 349 laboratory infections of anopheles stephensi with plasmodium berghei. intensity and prevalence of infection are shown to be predictably related. the structure and heterogeneity in the infections has been analysed with the objective of describing the biological mechanisms by which the observed negative binomial oocyst distributions are generated. the analysis has revealed that the most likely processes lie within the population dynamic eve ... | 1993 | 8341579 |
| genetic maps of the sheep blowfly lucilia cuprina: linkage-group correlations with other dipteran genera. | linkage data and revised genetic maps for 72 autosomal loci in lucilia cuprina are presented. comparison of the linkage relationships of biochemically and morphologically similar mutations in ceratitis capitata, drosophila melanogaster, and musca domestica supports the hypothesis that the major linkage elements have survived relatively intact during evolution of the higher diptera. the relationship of the linkage groups of the mosquito aedes aegypti to these species is less clear. | 1993 | 8349126 |
| unreliable supply of potable water and elevated aedes aegypti larval indices: a causal relationship? | we investigated the hypothesis that a deficient supply of piped water was causing a high prevalence of water storage containers, which in turn, become important aquatic habitats of aedes aegypti in a small town in venezuela. the house (71.2%) and breteau indices (229) were considerably elevated. prevalent positive containers were: metal drums, small disposable containers (bottles, tins, etc.), tires, house plants (flowers in vases and plants in pots with earth) and tanks. most people reported fr ... | 1993 | 8350076 |
| identification of blood meals in aedes aegypti by antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | a comparative study of 3 elisa protocols was performed for host blood meal identification in aedes aegypti. in the sandwich-b elisa, which used a combination of heavy and heavy+light chain conjugates, specificity was improved to such a degree that conjugates no longer required cross-adsorption with heterologous sera. using the sandwich-b assay, human blood meals in laboratory reared ae. aegypti could be detected longer after feeding (100% at 32 h and 80% at 42 h) than with a direct assay (100% a ... | 1993 | 8350077 |
| [a study on transmission of dengue virus by culex fatigans]. | patients with acute dengue fever within 2 days of onset were simultaneously bitten by culex fatigans, aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus, which were fed and incubated in the laboratory. isolation and quantitative assay of dengue virus and transmission experiment were conducted on specimens collected from 3 kinds of mosquitoes at different time. the result showed a positive rate of 5.13% (2/39) and an average viral titer of 2.41 logtcid50, for culex fatigans, which indicates that culex fatigans m ... | 1993 | 8353818 |
| three simple devices for preventing development of aedes aegypti larvae in water jars. | we developed three types of covers that are easily fabricated from plastic screen locally manufactured in thailand. the covers were designed to permit normal use of water jars for drinking, utility water uses, and water storage. tests of the covers in the laboratory and field demonstrated that they could completely prevent successful development of aedes aegypti (l.) in water jars. initial experience in a village setting demonstrated that these devices were readily manufactured and used in a com ... | 1993 | 8357077 |
| temperature-induced refractoriness of aedes aegypti mosquitoes to infection with the filaria brugia pahangi. | 1993 | 8369568 |