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combined mitochondrial 16s and 12s rdna sequences: an effective genetic marker for inter-species phylogenetic analysis of zoonotic trematodes.the present study studied the genetic variation among schistosoma japonicum isolates from different endemic regions in mainland china and examined the phylogenetic relationships of zoonotic trematodes using the combined mitochondrial 16s and 12s ribosomal dna sequences. the fragments of 16s and 12s rdna were amplified from 22 s. japonicum isolates, and sequenced, and the relevant sequences of other nine trematode species belonging to six genera in four families were downloaded from genbank, and ...201020461407
the identification, expression profile, and preliminary characterization of tsunagi protein from schistosoma japonicum.tsunagi is an evolutionarily conserved protein, which is required for germ line differentiation during the development of drosophila melanogaster and caenorhabditis elegans. in this paper, we describe a homologue of the tsunagi protein from schistosoma japonicum (sjtsunagi). the gene for this protein was isolated from s. japonicum using degenerate and anchored polymerase chain reaction (pcr), and the deduced protein has sequence homology and similarity to tsunagi protein of other species, includ ...201020467751
magnetic microbead-based enzyme-linked immunoassay for detection of schistosoma japonicum antibody in human serum.a specific and sensitive immunoassay based on magnetic microbead separation for schistosomiasis japonica screening is presented in this article. so far as we know, this is the first time that magnetic microbead-based enzyme-linked immunoassay (meia) has been used for the determination of schistosoma japonicum (sj) antibody in human serum. fluorescein isothiocyanate (fitc)-labeled soluble egg antigen (sea) and polymer-coated magnetic beads, to which anti-fitc monoclonal antibodies were immobilize ...201020470746
synergistic enhancement of immunogenicity and protection in mice against schistosoma japonicum with codon optimization and electroporation delivery of sjtpi dna vaccines.schistosomiasis is an endemic, zoonotic parasitic disease caused by schistosoma japonicum that remains a public health concern and an effective vaccine is needed. triose-phosphate isomerase from s. japonicum is a promising schistosome vaccine antigen shown to be immunogenic when delivered as a dna vaccine, however, the previous s. japonicum triose-phosphate isomerase (sjtpi) dna vaccine needs to be further optimized to achieve higher protection. in the current study, codon optimization of sjtpi ...201020483191
intranasal administration of schistosoma japonicum paramyosin induced robust long-lasting systemic and local antibody as well as delayed-type hypersensitivity responses, but failed to confer protection in a mouse infection model.to investigate intranasal (i.n.) immunization efficacy of schistosoma japonicum 97-kda myofibrillar protein paramyosin (pm), a vaccine candidate for asian schistosomiasis, balb/c mice were i.n. immunized with escherichia coli-expressed recombinant pm (rpm). i.n. immunization using rpm mixed with cholera toxin (ct) was more potent than subcutaneous (s.c.) immunization with rpm emulsified in incomplete freund's adjuvant for induction of serum (igg, ige, and iga) and mucosal (iga in nose, lung, and ...201020495267
the impact of schistosoma japonicum infection and treatment on ultrasound-detectable morbidity: a five-year cohort study in southwest china.ultrasonography allows for non-invasive examination of the liver and spleen and can further our understanding of schistosomiasis morbidity.201020502515
co-ordinated gene expression in the liver and spleen during schistosoma japonicum infection regulates cell migration.determining the molecular events induced in the spleen during schistosome infection is an essential step in better understanding the immunopathogenesis of schistosomiasis and the mechanisms by which schistosomes modulate the host immune response. the present study defines the transcriptional and cellular events occurring in the murine spleen during the progression of schistosoma japonicum infection. additionally, we compared and contrasted these results with those we have previously reported for ...201020502518
molecular cloning and functional characterization of schistosoma japonicum enolase which is highly expressed at the schistosomulum stage.enolase is a key enzyme in the glycolytic pathway; recent studies have also shown that enolase is found on the surface of several parasites, where it acts as a plasminogen-binding protein. in the present study, the enolase of schistosoma japonicum has been cloned and expressed. in western blot analysis, the recombinant enolase from s. japonicum ( rsjeno) was recognized by rabbit sera directed against an antigen preparation from adult worms. kinetic measurement revealed that rsjeno possesses good ...201020512506
[cloning and expressing of cyclophilin b gene from schistosoma japonnicum and the analysis of immunoprotective effect].the present study was intend to clone and express the cdna encoding cyclophilin b (cypb) of schistosoma japonicum, its preliminary biological function and further immunoprotective effect against schistosome infection in mice. rt-pcr technique was applied to amplify a full-length cdna encoding protein cyclophilin b (sj cypb) from schistosomula cdna. the expression profiles of sj cypb were determined by real-time pcr using the template cdnas isolated from 7, 13, 18, 23, 32 and 42 days parasites. t ...201020518343
clinical diagnosis of schistosoma japonicum infection complicating infective endocarditis and liver cirrhosis.human infection with the parasite schistosoma japonicum is rarely seen in japan. infection with the parasite is currently known to be endemic in china and south-east asia, and chronic infection leads to the development of liver fibrosis, calcification and portal hypertension. we report a case of schistosoma japonicum infection complicating infective endocarditis and liver cirrhosis. the non-invasive imaging findings and serological test were helpful to diagnose the infection with the parasite. s ...201020519816
further observation on histopathological alterations of adult schistosoma japonicum harbored in mice following treatment with mefloquine at a smaller single dose.the purpose of the present study is to assess the histopathological alterations of adult schistosomes caused by a smaller dose of mefloquine. mice were infected with schistosoma japonicum cercariae for 35 days and then treated with a single 200 mg/kg oral dose of mefloquine. groups of mice were killed between 12 h and 28 days posttreatment, and the livers were removed, fixed, and processed routinely and examined by light microscopy. twelve hours to 48 h or 3 days posttreatment, 10.3% to 53.3% of ...201020532914
the inhibitory effect against collagen-induced arthritis by schistosoma japonicum infection is infection stage-dependent.a long-term existing schistosome infection can aid in maintaining immuno-homeostasis, thus providing protection against various types of autoimmune diseases to the infected host. such benefits have often been associated with acute or egg stage infection and with the egg-induced th2 response. however, since schistosome infection undergoes different stages, each associated with a specific induction of th responses, the requirements for the ability of the different stages of schistosome infection t ...201020537152
the sensitivity of artesunate against schistosoma japonicum decreased after 10 years of use in china.schistosomiasis due to schistosoma japonicum is a major public health problem in china. since 1995, artesunate has been used to treat and prevent schistosome infections in china. artesunate previously showed a high prophylactic efficacy against schistosome infection, with a protection rate of 100%. however, recent clinical trials and animal experiments have found that the sensitivity of many schistosomes to artesunate, including schistosoma mekongi and schistosoma mansoni, decreased. whether the ...201020549236
characteristics of granuloma formation and liver fibrosis in murine schistosomiasis mekongi: a morphological comparison between schistosoma mekongi and s. japonicum infection.a histopathological study was performed to clarify the characteristics of granuloma formation and liver fibrosis in schistosoma mekongi infection in comparison with s. japonicum infection. mice were exposed to s. mekongi (laotian strain) and s. japonicum (japanese strain) cercariae, and were dissected at 6, 8, 12, 16, and 20 weeks post-exposure. in the liver, granulomas in s. mekongi infection were cellular, initially organized with foam cells, and continuously appeared in the intralobular area, ...201020561395
development and immunogenicity of a recombinant pseudorabies virus expressing sj26gst and sjfabp from schistosoma japonicum.recombinant pseudorabies virus (prv) bartha-k61 vaccine strains expressing schistosoma japonicum 26kda glutathione s-transferase (sj26gst) and fatty acid binding protein (sjfabp), designated as rprv/sj26gst, rprv/sjfabp and rprv/sj26gst-sjfabp, were constructed and evaluated for their ability to protect mice and sheep against s. japonicum challenge. animals were given 2 intramuscular immunizations 3 weeks apart, and challenged with s. japonicum cercariae 4 weeks later. all mice vaccinated with r ...201020561603
wnt4, the first member of the wnt family identified in schistosoma japonicum, regulates worm development by the canonical pathway.the wnt signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved signal transduction pathway used extensively during animal development. we aim, by increasing our understanding of the wnt signaling pathway, to find a key gene or protein present in schistosomes that can be developed into vaccine candidate or drug target. we therefore isolated the wnt4 gene from schistosoma japonicum. wnt4 encodes a putative protein of 558 amino acids which contains the conserved functional domain of the wnt gene family. ...201020574838
[cloning, expression and characterization of a gene encoding alpha2 subunit of the proteasome in schistosoma japonicum].the 26s proteasome is a proteolytic complex responsible for the degradation of the vast majority of eukaryotic proteins. regulated proteolysis by the proteasome is thought to influence cell cycle progression, transcriptional control, and other critical cellular processes. a novel schistosoma japonicum gene (genbank accession no. ay813725) proteasome alpha2 subunit (sjpsma2) was cloned. sequence analysis revealed that the orf of sjpsma2 gene contains 708 nucleotides encoding 235 amino acids, and ...201020575440
molecular cloning and characterization of a gene encoding methionine aminopeptidase 2 of schistosoma japonicum.methionine aminopeptidase 2 (map2) is an essential enzyme that is involved in protein maturation. it plays a key role in the removal of the initiating methionine residue from nascent polypeptide chains. in the present study, a gene encoding methionine aminopeptidase 2 of schistosoma japonicum (sjmap2) was cloned and characterized. real-time rt-pcr and western blot analysis revealed that this was expressed in each testing developmental stage in s. japonicum, but more highly expressed at 42 days i ...201020582436
molecular cloning and expression profiles of argonaute proteins in schistosoma japonicum.small non-coding rnas including micrornas and small interfering rnas play important roles in many biological processes of many organisms. argonaute proteins serve as a key component of the rna-induced silencing complex for mediating mirna/sirna functions. in the present study, we systematically investigated argonaute proteins in schistosoma japonicum by using bioinformatics in combination with 5'- and 3'-rapid amplification of cdna ends techniques and thus obtained three full-length cdnas encodi ...201020582438
schistosoma japonicum: cloning, expression and characterization of a gene encoding the α5-subunit of the proteasome.the development of an effective vaccine against the schistosome is thought to be the most desirable means to control schistosomiasis, even though there is an effective means of chemotherapy with praziquantel. a full-length cdna encoding the schistosoma japonicum proteasome subunit alpha type 5 protein (sjpsma5) was first isolated from 18-day-schistosomulum cdnas. the cdna had an open reading frame (orf) of 747bp and encoded 248 amino acids. real-time quantitative rt-pcr analysis revealed that sj ...201020599988
molecular and functional characterization of a mortalin-like protein from schistosoma japonicum (sjmlp/hsp70) as a member of the hsp70 family.schistosomes are the causative agent of schistosomiasis. the 70-kda heat-shock proteins (hsp70) are considered the predominant hsp family and play a key regulatory role in parasite development and pathogenesis. based on the published sequences in genbank/embl, an open-reading frame (orf) encoding 653 amino acids (xp_002581385.1) and belonging to the schistosoma hsp70 protein family with a molecular weight of 71.49 kda was identified by bioinformatic analysis. since the sequence shared 77% identi ...201020602114
expression and immune response analysis of schistosoma japonicum val-1, a homologue of vespid venom allergens.many parasites such as trematodes and nematodes have been found to express members of a gene family variously termed as venom allergen-like protein (val) or sperm-coating protein (scp)-like protein. the molecular functions of these proteins remain unclear. we isolated the corresponding gene from schistosoma japonicum, which we designated as sj-val-1. the cdna of sj-val-1 contains an open reading frame encoding 221 amino acids, the first 25 residues being a putative secretion signal. rt-pcr analy ...201020306204
research development of the pathogenesis pathways for neuroschistosomiasis.the infection of the central nervous system (cns) by schistosome may or may not have clinical manifestations. when symptomatic, neuroschistosomiasis (ns) is one of the most severe presentations of schistosome infection. among the ns symptoms, cerebral invasion is mostly caused by schistosoma japonicum (s. japonicum), and the spinal cord symptoms are mainly caused by s. mansoni or s. haematobium. there are 2 main pathways by which schistosomes cause ns: egg embolism and worm migration, via either ...201020332823
immunoblot analysis of membrane antigens of schistosoma mansoni, schistosoma intercalatum, and schistosoma haematobium against schistosoma-infected patient sera.antigens present in aqueous n-butanolic extracts (be) of schistosoma mansoni (venezuelan jl strain), schistosoma intercalatum (cameroon edea strain), and schistosoma haematobium (yemen strain) adult worm membranes were compared in immunoblot against sera of patients infected with s. mansoni, s. intercalatum, s. haematobium, schistosoma japonicum, or schistosoma mekongi looking for similarities (common antigens) and differences (species-specific antigens). about 17 s. mansoni be polypeptides (m ( ...201020333401
identification of the resistance of a novel molecule heat shock protein 90alpha (hsp90alpha) in microtus fortis to schistosoma japonicum infection.microtus fortis is a naturally resistant vertebrate host of schistosoma japonicum by preventing completion of parasite's life cycle. sera of m. fortis were found to have anti-schistosome effect in vitro and in vivo. in order to identify genes associated with the anti-schistosome effect of m. fortis, we screened a m. fortis marrow cdna expression library by expression cloning and identified a 331-bp clone gc14.75. it was the homologue of heat shock protein 90alpha (hsp90alpha). full-length of m. ...201020347650
a histidine substitution confers metal binding affinity to a schistosoma japonicum glutathione s-transferase.glutathione s-transferases (gsts) are multifunctional enzymes that are used as fusion tags on recombinant proteins in mammalian and escherichia coli expression systems. we recently found that the schistosoma japonicum gst (sjgst) displays weak ni(2+) ion binding affinity. glu26 and his79 were assumed to be its ni(2+) binding sites based on the structure of the 26-kda clonorchis sinensis gst. to enhance sjgst ni(2+) binding affinity, glu26 was mutated to his. sjgst-e26h was expressed and purified ...201020347989
high prevalence of schistosoma japonicum infection in water buffaloes in the philippines assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction.difficulty in controlling human schistosoma japonicum infection is partly attributed to the presence of non-human definitive hosts. water buffaloes are a major reservoir for transmission of s. japonicum to humans in china. however, in the philippines, reports based on microscopic examination of buffalo stool identified a low prevalence of s. japonicum, and mathematical models using these data concluded that water buffaloes are not a major reservoir for transmission of s. japonicum to humans. we ...201020348514
cloning and characterisation of schistosoma japonicum insulin receptors.schistosomes depend for growth and development on host hormonal signals, which may include the insulin signalling pathway. we cloned and assessed the function of two insulin receptors from schistosoma japonicum in order to shed light on their role in schistosome biology.201020352052
a 36-year-old chinese man with high fever, abdominal pain, watery diarrhea, and myalgia. schistosoma japonicum. 201020367228
schistosomiasis in the people's republic of china: the era of the three gorges dam.the potential impact of the three gorges dam (tgd) on schistosomiasis transmission in china has invoked considerable global concern. the tgd will result in changes in the water level and silt deposition downstream, favoring the reproduction of oncomelania snails. combined with blockages of the yangtze river's tributaries, these changes will increase the schistosomiasis transmission season within the marshlands along the middle and lower reaches of the yangtze river. the changing schistosome tran ...201020375361
schistosoma japonicum: screening of cercariae cdna library by specific single-chain antibody against siea26-28 ku and immunization experiment of the recombinant plasmids containing the selected genes.to obtain the gene encoding siea26-28 ku, which has been proven to be a potential anti-schistosomiasis vaccine candidate, screening schistosoma japonicum (sj) cercariae cdna library with soluble specific single-chain antibody (siea26-28 ku-scfv) was performed. a large amount of specific single-chain antibody was harvested through construction of recombinant expression vector pet32a/scfv. the protein was purified and characterized. by using this protein (pet32a-scfv) as a probe, s. japonicum cerc ...201020386923
paeoniflorin ameliorates schistosomiasis liver fibrosis through regulating il-13 and its signalling molecules in mice.treatment of liver fibrosis associated with schistosoma japonicum ova-induced granulomas remains a challenging proposition. paeoniflorin (pae, c23h28o11) has anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and immunoregulatory effects and it is commonly used in chinese herbal prescriptions to treat hepatic disorders. the present study was carried out to investigate the effects of pae on hepatic fibrosis of mice infected with s. japonicum and to explore its possible mechanism. upon pathological examination of ...201020398436
prevalences of schistosoma japonicum infection in reservoir hosts in south-western china. 201020406586
tegumental alterations of adult schistosoma japonicum harbored in mice treated with a single oral dose of mefloquine.to observe the effect of mefloquine on the tegument of adult schistosoma japonicum harbored in mice.201020411739
[cloning and expression of sjmrlc and analysis of its stage-specific transcription].to clone and express schistosoma japonicum myosin regulatory light chain (sjmrlc) in prokaryotic expression system and analyze its stage-specific transcription.201020411742
[establishment and application of rapid dipstick of latex immunochromatographic assay for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis].to establish a simple and fast diagnostic assay for schistosomiasis.201020411746
[luring effect of the fermented laminaria japonica to oncomelania hupensis].to study the attraction effect of the food attractants on oncomelania hupensis.201020411752
schistosomiasis japonica identified by laparoscopic and colonoscopic examination.a 45-year-old philippine woman who came from mindanao island was admitted to our hospital with a complaint of epigastric discomfort. abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography demonstrated a network pattern and linear calcification in the liver. laparoscopic examination showed numerous yellowish, small speckles over the liver surface. the liver surface was separated into many small blocks by groove-like depressions, demonstrating a so-called tortoise shell pattern. conventional colonoscop ...201020447208
serological proteome-oriented screening and application of antigens for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica.schistosomiasis remains a major parasitic disease, with 200 million people infected and 779 million people at risk worldwide. the lack of reliable diagnostic techniques makes this disease difficult to control. in an attempt to discover useful candidates for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis, proteomics in combination with western blotting were employed in this study. this serological proteome assay yielded more than 30 immunodominant spots. ten of these spots were precisely matched with a homolog ...201020451489
characterization of antibody responses to the sj23 antigen of schistosoma japonicum after infection and immunization.sj23, a member of the tetraspanin protein family, is a 23-kda surface-exposed protein of schistosoma japonicum and expressed in all infective parasite stages, which has been regarded as a potential candidate in vaccine development for schistosomiasis. in this study, we found that, in the balb/c mouse model, sj23 elicited rapid humoral responses after parasite infection and the dominant antibodies were of igg2a subclass. immunization with sj23 by priming with recombinant sfv rna virus particles f ...201020452323
an "in-depth" description of the small non-coding rna population of schistosoma japonicum schistosomulum.parasitic flatworms of the genus schistosoma are the causative agents of schistosomiasis, which afflicts more than 200 million people yearly in tropical regions of south america, asia and africa. a promising approach to the control of this and many other diseases involves the application of our understanding of small non-coding rna function to the design of safe and effective means of treatment. in a previous study, we identified five conserved mirnas from the adult stage of schistosoma japonicu ...201020161724
temporal expression of chemokines dictates the hepatic inflammatory infiltrate in a murine model of schistosomiasis.schistosomiasis continues to be an important cause of parasitic morbidity and mortality world-wide. determining the molecular mechanisms regulating the development of granulomas and fibrosis will be essential for understanding how schistosome antigens interact with the host environment. we report here the first whole genome microarray analysis of the murine liver during the progression of schistosoma japonicum egg-induced granuloma formation and hepatic fibrosis. our results reveal a distinct te ...201020161726
molecular characterizations of an inhibitor of apoptosis from schistosoma japonicum.apoptosis is a normal process for regulating cellular death of many organisms. here, we molecularly characterized an inhibitor of apoptosis from schistosoma japonicum (sjiap). the transcription of the sjiap predominantly occurred at the developmental stages in a final host. functional assay indicated that the sjiap could inhibit caspase activity either in 293t cell or in schistosome lysates. additionally, there were differently expressed profiles of the sjiap in s. japonicum living in different ...201020162431
analytical methods for quantifying environmental connectivity for the control and surveillance of infectious disease spread.the sustained transmission and spread of environmentally mediated infectious diseases is governed in part by the dispersal of parasites, disease vectors and intermediate hosts between sites of transmission. functional geospatial models can be used to quantify and predict the degree to which environmental features facilitate or limit connectivity between target populations, yet typical models are limited in their geographical and analytical approach, providing simplistic, global measures of conne ...201020164085
transmission electron microscopic observation on ultrastructural alterations in schistosoma japonicum caused by mefloquine.the purpose of the study was to explore the ultrastructural alterations of adult schistosoma japonicum induced by mefloquine. eight out of ten mice infected with 60-80 s. japonuicum cercariae for 35 days were treated orally with mefloquine at a single dose of 400 mg/kg. four groups of two mice were killed at 8 h, 24 h, 3 days, and 7 days post-treatment, and schistosomes were collected by perfusion technique, fixed, and examined under a transmission electron microscope. schistosomes obtained from ...201020174826
schistosomiasis vaccine discovery using immunomics.abstract: the recent publication of the schistosoma japonicum and s. mansoni genomes has expanded greatly the opportunities for post-genomic schistosomiasis vaccine research. immunomics protein microarrays provide an excellent application of this new schistosome sequence information, having been utilised successfully for vaccine antigen discovery with a range of bacterial and viral pathogens, and malaria.accordingly, we have designed and manufactured a schistosoma immunomics protein microarray a ...201020181031
mathematical modelling and control of schistosomiasis in hubei province, china.hubei province, along with four other provinces in the central and eastern china where schistosomiasis is endemic (anhui, hunan, jiangsu, and jiangxi), is located in the lake and marshland regions along the yangtze river. high population density, large numbers of farm cattle, and huge areas of snail habitat are the main characteristics that maintain the persistence of the disease and the transmission of the parasite schistosoma japonicum in these regions. based on the schistosomiasis infection d ...201020188689
[therapeutic effect of haobieyangyinruanjianfang on the mouse liver fibrosis caused by schistosomiasis].to explore therapeutic effect of haobieyangyinruanjianfang (hbyyrj) on mouse liver fibrosis by schistosomiasis.201020196950
anti-inflammatory protein of schistosoma japonicum directs the differentiation of the wehi-3b jcs cells and mouse bone marrow cells to macrophages.sj16 is an anti-inflammatory protein identified from schistosoma japonicum. our previous studies showed that recombinant sj16 (rsj16) could suppress host's inflammatory responses and inhibit macrophage maturation. in the present study, the effects of rsj16 on the differentiation of the murine myeloid leukemia wehi-3b jcs cell line and on mouse hematopoiesis were investigated. our data demonstrated that rsj16 expressed and purified from escherichia coli could suppress the proliferation of the weh ...201020204135
an indirect elisa for detection of theileria sergenti antibodies in water buffalo using a recombinant major piroplasm surface protein.in this study we investigated the prevalence and enzootic potential of theileria spp. in water buffalo in the hubei province in china. an indirect elisa based on a recombinant major piroplasma surface protein was developed. the complete orf of the 33-kda major piroplasma surface protein (p33) was obtained from theileria sergenti genomic dna by pcr, cloned into the pet-28(a) vector and expressed in e. coli as a his-fusion protein. then the recombinant p33 (rp33) was purified and used as the antig ...201020207484
distinct genetic diversity of oncomelania hupensis, intermediate host of schistosoma japonicum in mainland china as revealed by its sequences.oncomelania hupensis is the unique intermediate host of schistosoma japonicum, which causes schistosomiasis endemic in the far east, and especially in mainland china. o. hupensis largely determines the parasite's geographical range. how o. hupensis's genetic diversity is distributed geographically in mainland china has never been well examined with dna sequence data.201020209150
increased iron stores correlate with worse disease outcomes in a mouse model of schistosomiasis infection.schistosomiasis is a significant parasitic infection creating disease burden throughout many of the world's developing nations. iron deficiency anemia is also a significant health burden resulting from both nutritional deficit as well as parasitic infection in these countries. in this study we investigated the relationships between the disease outcomes of schistosoma japonicum infection and iron homeostasis. we aimed to determine if host iron status has an effect on schistosome maturation or egg ...201020231891
cloning and expression of 21.1-kda tegumental protein of clonorchis sinensis and human antibody response to it as a trematode-nematode pan-specific serodiagnosis antigen.a complete cdna encoding a 21.1-kda tegumental protein (cstp21.1) was recognized from clonorchis sinensis adult full-length cdna plasmid library by bioinformatics analysis. recombinant cstp21.1 was highly expressed in escherichia coli, purified by affinity chromatography, and identified by western blotting. immunohistochemistry demonstrated that cstp21.1 is localized in the tegument of the adult worm. the rcstp21.1-specific igg1, igg2, and igg4 subclasses could be detected in the sera of clonorc ...201020865432
effect of cd4+ cd25+ regulatory t cells on the immune evasion of schistosoma japonicum.it has been known that parasites developed sophisticated strategies to escape from the host immune assault. more recently, one strategy to induce immune evasion involved cd4(+)cd25(+) regulatory t cells (tregs). mice were infected with schistosoma japonicum cercariae and then injected intraperitoneally with anti-cd25 monoclonal antibody (anti-cd25 mab). the results showed that the percentages of cd4(+)cd25(+) tregs in mice were expanded by s. japonicum infection, and it could be partially blocke ...201020886233
schistosoma japonicum-infected hamsters (mesocricetus auratus) used as a model in experimental chemotherapy with praziquantel, artemether, and oz compounds.the purpose of the study is to better understand the antischistosomal properties of artemether, praziquantel, and ozonide (oz) compounds (synthetic trioxolanes, secondary ozonides) in hamster (mesocricetus auratus) model. a total of 230 male hamsters infected each with 100 schistosoma japonicum cercariae were used in the study. groups of five to ten hamsters were treated orally with artemether, praziquantel, and oz78 or oz277 7-35 days post-infection at single doses of 50, 100, 150, or 200 mg/kg ...201020922422
effect of mefloquine administered orally at single, multiple, or combined with artemether, artesunate, or praziquantel in treatment of mice infected with schistosoma japonicum.the purpose of the study is to explore the efficacy of mefloquine administered orally at single, multiple doses, or in combination with artesuante, artemether, or praziquantel in mouse--schistosoma japonicum model. a total of 205 mice were divided into 4 batches and each batch of mice was infected percutaneously with 40 s. japonicum cercariae for 35 days. the infected mice were treated orally with mefloquine at single doses, multiple daily doses, or combined with artesunate, artemether, or prazi ...201020922425
assessing the diagnostic accuracy of immunodiagnostic techniques in the diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica: a meta-analysis.immunodiagnostic tests are commonly used in the diagnosis for schistosomiasis japonica in field situation. their diagnostic effect, however, has never been evaluated in a systematic way. we set out to review the value of tests including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and indirect hemagglutination assay (iha) in the diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica. a comprehensive search was conducted in order to identify all possible studies achieving the inclusion criteria. we undertook a meta- ...201020607287
controlling schistosomiasis in southeast asia: a tale of two countries.an overview of schistosomiasis control in the people's republic of china and the philippines is presented. whilst the chinese have managed to reduce the number of schistosoma japonicum infections from an estimated 11.6 million to well below 1 million since 1950, the corresponding drop in the philippines is less pronounced: from 700,000 in 1975 to currently 560,000. however, these figures should be seen in the context of the population growth, which approximately doubled the chinese population ov ...201020624530
schistosomiasis japonica control and research needs.schistosomiasis japonica, a chronic and debilitating disease caused by the blood fluke schistosoma japonicum, is still of considerable economic and public health concern in the people's republic of china, the philippines, and indonesia. despite major progress made over the past several decades with the control of schistosomiasis japonica in the aforementioned countries, the disease is emerging in some areas. we review the epidemiological status and transmission patterns of schistosomiasis japoni ...201020624531
research and development of antischistosomal drugs in the people's republic of china a 60-year review.a comprehensive 60-year review of antischistosomal drug discovery and development research in the people's republic of china (p.r. china) is presented. in the 1950s, three antimonials were developed, which, compared to potassium antimony tartrate-the treatment of choice against schistosomiasis at the time-showed equal efficacy but lower toxicity when administered orally or intramuscularly. activity of furapromidum against schistosoma japonicum was reported in the early 1960s, and this drug becam ...201020627145
our wormy world genomics, proteomics and transcriptomics in east and southeast asia.helminths are the cause of some of the major infectious diseases of humanity in what is still a "wormy" world. there is, in east and southeast asia, a high prevalence of several helminthiases which occur primarily in rural, impoverished areas of low-income and developing countries throughout the tropics and subtropics. subsequent to various parasite genome projects that commenced in the early 1990s, under the aegis of the world health organization (who), the draft genomes of three major helminth ...201020627147
advances in metabolic profiling of experimental nematode and trematode infections.metabonomics, which is the combination of metabolic profiling of biological samples using spectroscopic methods, together with multivariate data analysis, is a powerful approach for biomarker recovery. moreover, metabonomics holds promise to enhance our understanding of host-parasite interactions at the metabolic level, and therefore provides a framework for discovery of novel targets for diagnostics, drugs and vaccines. in this review, we summarise progress made to date with metabolic profiling ...201020627148
disease transmission models for public health decision-making: designing intervention strategies for schistosoma japonicum.the purpose of infectious disease transmission modelling is often to understand the factors that are responsible for the persistence of transmission, the dynamics of the infection process and how best to control transmission. as such, there should be great potential to use mathematical models to routinely plan and evaluate disease control programs. in reality, there are many challenges that have precluded the practical use of disease models in this regard. one challenge relates to the mathematic ...201020632537
identification and characterization of schistosoma japonicum sjp40, a potential antigen candidate for the early diagnosis of schistosomiasis.the pathogenesis of schistosomiasis is mainly caused by egg-induced granuloma formation and subsequent fibrosis. if schistosoma japonicum infections could be detected in the early stage, especially before the egg deposition in the host tissues, the development of severe pathologic lesions might be prevented efficiently. the present study identified and characterized s. japonicum sjp40, a potential antigen candidate for the early diagnosis of schistosomiasis. from the s. japonicum cercariae cdna ...201020638601
[dynamic observation of chicken egg yolk antibodies against soluble egg antigen of schistosoma japonicum obtained by two immunization routes].to observe the dynamic changes of the specific chicken egg yolk antibodies (igy) against soluble egg antigens (sea) of schistosoma japonicum by two immunization routes.201020666316
reduction in hookworm infection after praziquantel treatment among children and young adults in leyte, the philippines.one small previous study found that praziquantel reduced hookworm infection. in this study, 607 subjects were enrolled in a longitudinal study. at enrollment and every 3 months for 18 months, three stool samples were collected, and the intensity of infection with schistosoma japonicum and soil-transmitted helminths (sths) was quantified. all subjects were treated with 60 mg/kg praziquantel at baseline. three months post-treatment, the percent of subjects who were hookworm-infected decreased to 4 ...201020682892
schistosoma japonicum: efficient and rapid purification of the tetraspanin extracellular loop 2, a potential protective antigen against schistosomiasis in mammalian.the extracellular loop 2 of a tetraspanin from schistosoma japonicum (sj-tsp-2) is homologous to schistosoma mansoni tsp-2. in our initial study, sj-tsp-2 is an identical antigen against schistosomiasis caused by s. japonicum. through the pet32 vector system and nickel (ni)-absorbed chelating sepharose, sj-tsp-2 was expressed and purified as a soluble fusion constructed with an n-terminal thioredoxin-his(6)-ek protease site tag (trx-tsp-2). in phosphate buffer (pb) with a low concentration of im ...201020685202
transmission of schistosoma japonicum in marshland and hilly regions of china: parasite population genetic and sibship structure.the transmission dynamics of schistosoma japonicum remain poorly understood, as over forty species of mammals are suspected of serving as reservoir hosts. however, knowledge of the population genetic structure and of the full-sibship structuring of parasites at two larval stages will be useful in defining and tracking the transmission pattern between intermediate and definitive hosts. s. japonicum larvae were therefore collected in three marshland and three hilly villages in anhui province of ch ...201020689829
transduction of schistosoma japonicum schistosomules with vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein pseudotyped murine leukemia retrovirus and expression of reporter human telomerase reverse transcriptase in the transgenic schistosomes.although draft genome sequences of two of the major human schistosomes, schistosoma japonicum and schistosoma mansoni are available, the structures and characteristics of most genes and the influence of exogenous genes on the metabolism of schistosomes remain uncharacterized. furthermore, which functional genomics approaches will be tractable for schistosomes are not yet apparent. here, the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (vsvg)-pseudotyped pantropic retroviral vector pbabe-puro was modi ...201020692298
colorectal carcinoma associated with schistosomiasis: a possible causal relationship.the association between schistosomiasis and colorectal malignancy has long been suggested in the literature, but it is not uniformly accepted. in the far east, considerable evidence supports an etiological link between schistosoma japonicum and colorectal cancer. however, the available data regarding the role of schistosoma mansoni in colorectal carcinogenesis are conflicting and most often do not show causality. we report on a patient with sigmoid colonic cancer coexisting with schistosomiasis, ...201020704754
acts for schistosomiasis: do they act? 201020705514
[retroperitoneal fibrosis due to schistosoma japonicum: a case report].we report a case of retroperitoneal fibrosis due to schistosoma japonicum in patient with urothelial carcinoma. retroperitoneal fibrosis was observed in a-83-year-old man during examinations for postrenal renal failure. the symptoms were improved by percutaneous nephrostomy and pulse therapy using corticosteroids, however, urothelial carcinoma was detected during follow-up examinations. the biopsy of retroperitoneal tissue was performed during the surgery for urothelial carcinoma. the histopatho ...201020715502
[effect of schistosoma japonicum mr 22 600 particulated-antigen on dendritic cells and cd4+cd25+ regulatory t cells].to study the role of schistosoma japonicum mr 22 600 particulated-antigen on dendritic cells (dcs) and cd4+cd25+ regulatory t cells.201020806494
[screening and characterization of peptides specifically binding to the schistosomulum tegument of schistosoma japonicum].to screen and analyze the peptides in 12 phage-display peptide library specifically binding to the schistosomulum tegument of schistosoma japonicum.201020806497
[cloning, expression and identification of endothelial differentiation-related factor-1 gene of schistosoma japonicum].to clone and express endothelial differentiation-related factor (sjedf)-1 gene of schistosoma japonicum, analyze its immunogenicity and the stage-specific expression at different developmental stages of s. japonicum.201020806499
[protective efficacy induced by dendritic cells pulsed with gst in combination with cpg oligodeoxynucleotide against schistosoma japonicum infection].to study the protective effects on the infection of schistosoma japonicum in c57bl/6 mice induced by dendritic cells dcs pulsed with gst in combination with cpg oligodeoxynucleotide.201020806501
[recent investigation and treatment of 1 060 advanced schistosomiasis cases in zhejiang province].to understand the current status of advanced schistosomiasis patients, deliver medical treatment, and improve the case management in zhejiang province.201020806508
is there reduced susceptibility to praziquantel in schistosoma japonicum? evidence from china.praziquantel is widely used for the treatment of human schistosomiasis. however, in recent years, there has been increasing concern about the resistance of schistosoma species to praziquantel. the study described here was designed to evaluate the current susceptibility to praziquantel in s. japonicum in china. during the non-transmission period of schistosomiasis, a random sample of 4760 subjects from the main endemic foci of china were examined using parasitological stool examination. in total, ...201020810006
detection of early and single infections of schistosoma japonicum in the intermediate host snail, oncomelania hupensis, by pcr and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay.polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with the specific primer set amplifying 28s ribosomal dna (rdna) of schistosoma japonicum was able to detect genomic dna of s. japonicum, but not s. mansoni, at 100 fg. this procedure enabled us to detect the dna from a single miracidium and a snail infected with one miracidium at just 1 day after infection. we compared these results with those from loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) targeting 28s rdna and found similar results. the lamp could amplify t ...201020810818
molluscicidal efficacies of different formulations of niclosamide: result of meta-analysis of chinese literature.abstract: the control efforts on oncomelania hupensis, the intermediate snail host of schistosoma japonicum, cannot be easily excluded from the integrated approach of schistosomiasis control in china. application of chemical compounds, molluscicides, in snail habitats is a common method for snail control in addition to environmental modification. we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the molluscicidal effects of the currently recommended 50% niclosamide ethanolamine salt w ...201020819229
metabolic changes reveal the development of schistosomiasis in mice.schistosomiasis is a parasitic zoonosis caused by small trematode worms called schistosomes, amongst which schistosoma japonicum (s. japonicum) is endemic in asia. in order to understand the schistosome-induced changes in the host metabolism so as to facilitate early diagnosis of schistosomiasis, we systematically investigated the dynamic metabolic responses of mice biofluids and liver tissues to s. japonicum infection for five weeks using (1)h nmr spectroscopy in conjunction with multivariate d ...201020824219
analysis and characterization of the genes encoding the dicer and argonaute proteins of schistosoma japonicum.abstract:201020849617
rsj16, a recombinant protein of schistosoma japonicum-derived molecule, reduces severity of the complete freund's adjuvant-induced adjuvant arthritis in rats' model.sj16, a 16-kda protein produced by schistosoma japonicum, has been demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory effect. however, the possible mechanism of these phenomena has not been discovered. here, we tried to touch it with arthritis rats' model induced by injection of complete freund's adjuvant (cfa). a set of pathogenic characters were observed in cfa-treated rat, including local and systematic read-out, which showed the model successfully set up. after administration of rsj16 (recombinant sj16) ...201021039614
monoclonal antibodies against excretory/secretory antigens of angiostrongylus cantonensis.in the present study, four murine monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were generated against the excretory/secretory (es) products of angiostrongylus cantonensis adult worms; two represented igg1 and two represented igm mabs, and they were designated 12d5, 15f8, 21b7 and 14g10, respectively. immunoblotting revealed that all of the mabs predominantly recognized a 98 kda antigen in the es products of a. cantonensis adult worms, and no cross reactions were found with the whole worm antigens of some other ...201021050048
[the effect and influencing factors of schistosomiasis control by forbidding livestock depasturing on marshland with oncomelania snails].to evaluate the effect of schistosomiasis control by forbidding livestock depasturing on marshland with oncomelania snails and to analyse its influencing factors.201021055122
[cloning, expression and purification of schistosoma japonicum ribosomal protein s4 as well as the preliminary study of the diagnostic value of the recombinant protein].to express and purify schistosoma japonicum ribosomal protein s4(sjrps4) in escherichia coli, and assess its value in immunodiagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica.201021055123
[effect observed on hepatic egg granuloma inhibitted in mice after using rsj26gst vaccine from schistosoma japonicum].to study the anti-schistosomiasis effect in mouse immunized with rsj26gst vaccine.201021055347
in vitro activity of geldanamycin derivatives against schistosoma japonicum and brugia malayi.geldanamycin (ga) is a benzoquinone-containing ansamycin that inhibits heat shock protein 90. ga derivatives are being evaluated as anti-neoplastic agents, but their utility against parasites whose heat shock proteins (hsps) have homology with human hsp90 is unknown. the activities of four synthetic ga derivatives were tested in vitro using adult brugia malayi and schistosoma japonicum. two of the derivatives, 17-n-allyl-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-aag) and 17-n-(2-dimethylaminoethylamino)-17-d ...201021253549
eosinophilic appendicitis caused by schistosoma japonicum: a case report and review of the literature.parasitic appendicitis is uncommon. the authors reviewed the pathology of 4,130 appendices resected over the past 10 years (2000 to 2009). only one case of eosinophilic appendicitis caused by schistosoma japonicum was identified. the overall prevalence of schistosomal appendicitis was 0.024%. the case was a 61-year-old woman who presented with right lower quadrant abdominal pain. she had been a farmer in chumphon and surat thani provinces, which are endemic for schistosomiasis in thailand. physi ...201021073026
rnai silencing of calcium-regulated heat-stable protein of 24 kda in schistosoma japonicum affects parasite growth.the calcium-regulated heat-stable protein of 24 kda (crhsp-24) is a major calcineurin phosphoprotein that functions in multiple signal transduction pathways in cell metabolism. schistosomes are multicellular parasites that infect 200 million people worldwide, even though treatment has been available for two decades. to determine the function of schistosome crhsp-24 (sjcrhsp-24), we successfully knocked down sjcrhsp-24 in schistosoma japonicum by rna interference (rnai). by establishing controls ...201021085993
serpinb2 deficiency modulates th1⁄th2 responses after schistosome infection.serpinb2, also known as plasminogen activator inhibitor type-2, is a major product of macrophages and is upregulated during many infections. although serpinb2 inhibits urokinase plasminogen activator in vitro, evidence that this represents its physiological role in vivo is not compelling. we have recently shown that serpinb2-/-mice generate enhanced th1 responses after immunization with a th1 immunogen. herein,we show that schistosoma japonicum granulomas induced liver serpinb2 mrna expression b ...201021086717
the nature and combination of subunits used in epitope-based schistosoma japonicum vaccine formulations affect their efficacy.abstract:201021087526
a cytochrome b561 with ferric reductase activity from the parasitic blood fluke, schistosoma japonicum.background: iron has an integral role in numerous cellular reactions and is required by virtually all organisms. in physiological conditions, iron is abundant in a largely insoluble ferric state. ferric reductases are an essential component of iron uptake by cells, reducing iron to the soluble ferrous form. cytochromes b561 (cyts-b561) are a family of ascorbate reducing transmembrane proteins found in most eukaryotic cells. the identification of the ferric reductase duodenal cytochrome b (dcytb) ...201021103361
sensitive and rapid detection of paragonimus westermani infection in humans and animals by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp).in the present study, a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay was developed and validated for the detection of paragonimus westermani adults, metacercariae, and eggs in human and animal samples. the lamp amplification can be finished in 45 min under isothermal condition at 60°c by employing a set of four species-specific primer mixtures and the results can be checked by naked-eye visualization. no amplification products were detected with deoxyribunucleic acid (dna) of related trem ...201021107864
[evaluation on the immununo-protective efficacy of the recombinant antigen sjpgam-sjenol against schistosoma japonicum in mice].to construct and express the recombinant plasmid pet32a-sjpgam-sjenol and evaluate its immuno-protective efficacy against the infection of schistosoma japonicum in mice.201021137305
[evaluation of recombinant 29,000 extra membranous protein for the immunodiagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica].objective : to evaluate the recombinant membranous protein 29000 (rsj29) of schistosoma japonicum in the immunodiagnosis of schistosomiasis by indirect elisa.201021137315
extending half-life by indirect targeting of the neonatal fc receptor (fcrn) using a minimal albumin binding domain.the therapeutic and diagnostic efficiency of engineered small proteins, peptides, and chemical drug candidates is hampered by short in vivo serum half-life. thus, strategies to tailor their biodistribution and serum persistence are highly needed. an attractive approach is to take advantage of the exceptionally long circulation half-life of serum albumin or igg, which is attributed to a ph-dependent interaction with the neonatal fc receptor (fcrn) rescuing these proteins from intracellular degrad ...201021138843
effectiveness of a comprehensive schistosomiasis japonica control program in jiangsu province, china, from 2005 to 2008.the effectiveness of a comprehensive schistosomiasis japonica control program implemented in 8 villages along the yangtze river in jiangsu province from 2005 to 2008 was studied. control measures included snail control, chemotherapy of humans and livestock, health education, and transmission cycle interruption using sanitation in dwellings and at anchorage sites for fishermen and sailors. the schistosoma japonicum prevalence among residents and livestock, the total area of snail habitats, the on ...201021147056
maternal schistosomiasis japonica is associated with maternal, placental, and fetal inflammation.schistosomes infect ∼40 million women of childbearing age and result in the elaboration of proinflammatory cytokines that have been implicated in fetal growth restriction. in murine models and two observational studies in humans, schistosome infection during pregnancy was associated with reduced birth weight, although a recent treatment trial in schistosoma mansoni did not detect this association. we conducted an observational study among 99 pregnant women living in an area of schistosoma japoni ...201021149589
[metagenesis of intermediate host to schistosoma japonicum oncomelania snail in mountainous areas.]objective: to understand the metagenesis of oncomelania snails in the mountainous regions so as to control the spread of snails and the epidemics of schistosomiasis. methods: observation spot was established at a typical snail habitat close to puge county, sichuan province from february 2008 to july 2009. random sampling was applied to determine the place of each frame during the observation. all the snails in each frame were collected and numbers counted in the laboratory, with the number of ma ...201021163103
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