Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| adhesion of tritrichomonas foetus to bovine vaginal epithelial cells. | an in vitro culture system of bovine vaginal epithelial cells (bvecs) was developed to study the cytopathogenic effects of tritrichomonas foetus and the role of lipophosphoglycan (lpg)-like cell surface glycoconjugates in adhesion of parasites to host cells. exposure of bvec monolayers to t. foetus resulted in extensive damage of monolayers. host cell disruption was measured quantitatively by a trypan blue exclusion assay and by release of (3)h from [(3)h]thymidine-labeled host cells. results in ... | 1999 | 10417148 |
| iron modulates phenotypic variation and phosphorylation of p270 in double-stranded rna virus-infected trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis infected with a double-stranded rna virus undergoes phenotypic variation on the basis of surface versus cytoplasmic expression of the immunogenic protein p270. examination of batch cultures by flow cytofluorometry with monoclonal antibody (mab) to p270 yields both fluorescent and nonfluorescent trichomonads. greater numbers and intensity of fluorescent organisms with surface p270 reactive with mab were evident in parasites grown in medium depleted of iron. placement of iron ... | 1999 | 10417210 |
| metronidazole-resistant vaginal trichomoniasis--an emerging problem. | 1999 | 10419394 | |
| design of a "microbicide" for prevention of sexually transmitted diseases using "inactive" pharmaceutical excipients. | the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1) pandemic has been driven primarily by the sexual transmission of the virus, and facilitated by prior infections with other sexually transmitted disease (std) pathogens. although treatment of these stds has been proposed as a means to decrease the rate of hiv-1 sexual transmission, preventive measures effective against both hiv-1 and other std pathogens are expected to have a larger impact. these measures include topically applied mechanical and chemical ( ... | 1999 | 10441398 |
| cervical dysplasia and hiv type 1 infection in african pregnant women: a cross sectional study, kigali, rwanda. the pregnancy and hiv study group (ege). | to study the prevalence of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (sils) and their association with hiv-1 infection and immunodeficiency among pregnant women in kigali, rwanda. | 1999 | 10448362 |
| nongonococcal urethritis--a new paradigm. | urethritis in men has been categorized historically as gonococcal or nongonococcal (ngu). the major pathogens causing ngu are chlamydia trachomatis and ureaplasma urealyticum. trichomonas vaginalis may be involved occasionally. in up to one-half of cases, an etiologic organism may not be identified. in this review we present recent advances in the diagnosis and management of ngu and discuss how they may be applied in a variety of clinical settings, including specialized std clinics and primary h ... | 1999 | 10028111 |
| an evaluation of elongation factor 1 alpha as a phylogenetic marker for eukaryotes. | elongation factor 1 alpha (ef-1 alpha) is a highly conserved ubiquitous protein involved in translation that has been suggested to have desirable properties for phylogenetic inference. to examine the utility of ef-1 alpha as a phylogenetic marker for eukaryotes, we studied three properties of ef-1 alpha trees: congruency with other phyogenetic markers, the impact of species sampling, and the degree of substitutional saturation occurring between taxa. our analyses indicate that the ef-1 alpha tre ... | 1999 | 10028289 |
| a new photometric assay with bromocresol purple for testing in vitro antitrichomonal activity in aerobic environment. | a new colorimetric assay relying on the acidic metabolism of trichomonas vaginalis was developed for in vitro screening of various compounds against axenically grown trichomonads. parasites from continuous culture were exposed to series of drug dilutions in a microtiter plate. after an incubation period of 48 h at 37 degrees c, the ph indicator of the medium had changed its colour in non-inhibited cultures due to the production of lactate and acetate. inhibited cultures showed no colour changes. ... | 1999 | 10028380 |
| unrecognized sexually transmitted infections in rural south african women: a hidden epidemic. | sexually transmitted infections (stis) are of major public health concern in developing countries, not least because they facilitate transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). the present article presents estimates of the prevalence, on any given day, of stis among women in rural south africa and the proportion who are asymptomatic, symptomatic but not seeking care, and symptomatic and seeking care. the following data sources from hlabisa district were used: clinical surveillance for st ... | 1999 | 10063657 |
| alternative 2-keto acid oxidoreductase activities in trichomonas vaginalis. | we have induced high levels of resistance to metronidazole (1 mm or 170 microg ml(-1)) in two different strains of trichomonas vaginalis (bris/92/stdl/f1623 and bris/92/stdl/b7708) and have used one strain to identify two alternative t. vaginalis 2-keto acid oxidoreductases (kor) both of which are distinct from the already characterised pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (pfor). unlike the characterised pfor which is severely down-regulated in metronidazole-resistant parasites, both of the alter ... | 1999 | 10080389 |
| diagnosis of trichomoniasis by polymerase chain reaction. | the clinical usefulness of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the diagnosis of trichomoniasis was evaluated in comparison with other conventional tests. pcr was used for specific detection of trichomonas vaginalis by primers based on the repetitive sequence cloned from t. vaginalis (tv-e650). between june 1996 and august 1997, 426 patients visited the department of obstetrics and gynecology, hanyang university kuri hospital and were examined for trichomoniasis using wet mount examination, papan ... | 1999 | 10198607 |
| increased interleukin-10 in the the endocervical secretions of women with non-ulcerative sexually transmitted diseases: a mechanism for enhanced hiv-1 transmission? | although non-ulcerative sexually transmitted diseases (std) and bacterial vaginosis are implicated as cofactors in heterosexual hiv-1 transmission, the mechanisms have not been defined. recent in vitro data suggest that interleukin (il)-10 may increase susceptibility of macrophages to hiv-1 infection. therefore, we performed this study to assess whether non-ulcerative std are associated with detection of il-10 in the female genital tract. | 1999 | 10199222 |
| prevalence and incidence of gynecologic disorders among women infected with human immunodeficiency virus. | our purpose was to ascertain the prevalence, incidence, and predictors of gynecologic disorders among women infected with human immunodeficiency virus. | 1999 | 10203650 |
| diagnostic tests that are worthwhile for patients with sexually transmitted bacterial infections in industrialized countries. | 1999 | 10215121 | |
| the diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis: new advances. | 1999 | 10215137 | |
| influence of growth conditions on rna levels in relation to activity of core metabolic enzymes in the parasitic protists trypanosoma brucei and trichomonas vaginalis. | levels of mrnas encoding metabolic enzymes and their cellular activities were measured on continuous culture samples of the parasitic protists trypanosoma brucei and trichomonas vaginalis. the organisms were grown in chemostats at varying growth rates under glucose limitation or in the presence of excess glucose (eg), resulting in extensive adaptation of the cellular activities of glycolytic enzymes. rrna and mrna for beta-tubulin were monitored as controls. in trypanosoma brucei levels of all r ... | 1999 | 10217510 |
| flagellar duplication and migration during the trichomonas vaginalis cell cycle. | trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated protozoan, a representative of 1 of the earliest known eukaryotic lineages. trichomonas vaginalis lacks centrioles but possesses basal bodies. we report here the cell cycle-dependent flagellar dynamics of t. vaginalis. by immunofluorescence, we found that t. vaginalis flagella duplicated during s-phase, segregated toward the nuclear poles, and then emanated from the spindle poles at mitosis. this behavior strongly parallels that of centrioles and other spin ... | 1999 | 10219296 |
| trichomonads, hydrogenosomes and drug resistance. | trichomonas vaginalis and tritrichomonas foetus are sexually transmitted pathogens of the genito-urinary tract of humans and cattle, respectively. these organisms are amitochondrial anaerobes possessing hydrogenosomes, double membrane-bound organelles involved in catabolic processes extending glycolysis. the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate in hydrogenosomes is coupled to atp synthesis and linked to ferredoxin-mediated electron transport. this pathway is responsible for metabolic activation ... | 1999 | 10221623 |
| predictors and risk-taking consequences of drug use among hiv-infected women. | to determine rates of drug use among women with hiv, and to examine associations between drug use, health, risk behavior, and sexually transmitted diseases (std). | 1999 | 10225234 |
| primary structure and phylogenetic relationships of a malate dehydrogenase gene from giardia lamblia. | the lactate and malate dehydrogenases comprise a complex protein superfamily with multiple enzyme homologues found in eubacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes. in this study we describe the sequence and phylogenetic relationships of a malate dehydrogenase (mdh) gene from the amitochondriate diplomonad protist, giardia lamblia. parsimony, distance, and maximum-likelihood analyses of the mdh protein family solidly position g. lamblia mdh within a eukaryote cytosolic mdh clade, to the exclusion o ... | 1999 | 10229579 |
| [a biotype study of gardnerella vaginalis isolated from patients with and without symptoms of bacterial vaginosis]. | a simple and reproducible proposed for benito et al. scheme for identification biotypes of gardnerella vaginalis has been developed, based on reactions for lipase, hippurate, hydrolysis, and beta-galactosidase. | 1999 | 10650646 |
| trichomonas vaginalis as a cause of urethritis in malawian men. | trichomonas vaginalis is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. in malawi, rates of trichomoniasis in women are high. the prevalence of t. vaginalis infection in men is expected to be high but has not previously been documented. | 1999 | 10458630 |
| trichomonas vaginalis--no longer a minor std. | 1999 | 10458631 | |
| the trichomonas vaginalis phenotypically varying p270 immunogen is highly conserved except for numbers of repeated elements. | the prominent and phenotypically variable immunogenic protein of trichomonas vaginalis, termed p270, is present in all isolates. most, if not all, patients make antibody to the dregrd epitope contained in the 333 bp tandemly repeating element (tre). the complete sequence of p270 of a fresh clinical isolate was recently derived (musatovova and alderete, microb pathogen 1998; 24: 223-39). we hypothesized that the size polymorphisms of p270 were due to the varied number of tres that comprise a larg ... | 1999 | 10458920 |
| keto-acid oxidoreductases in the anaerobic protozoa. | in anaerobes, decarboxylation of pyruvate is executed by the enzyme pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, which donates electrons to ferredoxin. the pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase and its homologues utilise many alternative substrates in bacterial anaerobes. the pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase from anaerobic protozoa, such as giardia duodenalis, trichomonas vaginalis, and entamoeba histolytica have retained this diversity in usage of alternative keto acids for energy production utilising a ... | 1999 | 10461388 |
| universal prophylaxis for chlamydia trachomatis and anaerobic vaginosis in women attending for suction termination of pregnancy: an audit of short-term health gains. | a previous study of infection and morbidity in 400 women attending for termination of pregnancy (top) had shown that 32 (8%) harboured cervical chlamydia trachomatis and 112 (28%) had anaerobic (bacterial) vaginosis (av). fifty-three per cent of the women with preoperative c. trachomatis had av. thirty of the 32 women with chlamydial infection were followed up and 19 (63%) of these developed post-abortion upper genital tract infection, 7 of whom needed re-admission. in view of the high morbidity ... | 1999 | 10471099 |
| trichomoniasis in pregnant human immunodeficiency virus-infected and human immunodeficiency virus-uninfected congolese women: prevalence, risk factors, and association with low birth weight. | we sought to assess the prevalence of and risk factors for vaginal trichomoniasis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected and human immunodeficiency virus-uninfected pregnant congolese women and its relationship to pregnancy outcomes. | 1999 | 10486480 |
| a one-year survey of gonococcal infection seen in the genitourinary medicine department of a london district general hospital. | the results of a one-year clinical, epidemiological and microbiological survey of gonococcal infection presenting to the patrick clements clinic (pcc), a london district general hospital (dgh) genitourinary medicine (gum) clinic, are presented. clinical and epidemiological patient data were collected by a combination of questionnaire and retrospective case-note review. microscopy performance within the pcc, outcome of treatment, return for tests of cure and efficacy of contact tracing were asses ... | 1999 | 10492425 |
| synthesis and antiprotozoan properties of new 3,5-disubstituted-tetrahydro-2h-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione derivatives. | in a search for antiprotozoan compounds, 34 new 3,5-disubstituted-tetrahydro-2h-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione derivatives were synthesized and tested in vitro against trypanosoma cruzi and trichomonas vaginalis. some of them showed important antiprotozoan activity. in vivo assays of compounds which showed remarkable in vitro activity against t. vaginalis were carried out. | 1999 | 10514905 |
| identification of trichomonas vaginalis alpha-actinin as the most common immunogen recognized by sera of women exposed to the parasite. | a study on presence of antibodies to trichomonis vaginalis in serum was done on a group of 500 pregnant, asymptomatic angolan women. a serologic screening, done by elisa, revealed that 41% of the women had igg and igm against the parasite. analysis of sera by immunoblotting revealed that 94.4% of sera with anti-t. vaginalis igg class antibodies were reactive against a common immunogenic protein of 115 kda. the common immunogen was identified as the protozoan alpha-actinin. all sera recognizing t ... | 1999 | 10515842 |
| viability of trichomonas vaginalis in transport medium. | the ability of amies gel agar transport medium to maintain the viability of trichomonas vaginalis was determined by comparing transported vaginal specimens to specimens immediately inoculated into culture medium. the prevalence of trichomonosis in the study population was 26% (68 of 260 women). the immediate inoculation method detected infections in 64 of 68 infected women (sensitivity of 94.1%). the transport method detected 62 of 68 infections (sensitivity of 91.2%). there was no significant d ... | 1999 | 10523592 |
| autopap system detection of infections and benign cellular changes: results from primary screener clinical trials. | primary screening devices for cervical cytology must show performance data for the detection of infectious organisms and benign cellular changes (bcc) for cytologists who routinely report these findings. the data on infection and bcc from the autopap primary screening clinical trials are presented herein. the presence of infectious organisms (candida, trichomonas, shift in bacterial flora, herpes, actinomyces) and bcc were noted in each of the clinical trial arms (current practice, cp; autopap-a ... | 1999 | 10527485 |
| cervical shedding of cytomegalovirus in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected women. | cervical shedding of cytomegalovirus (cmv) is important in transmission of cmv to exposed sexual partners and neonates. we evaluated prevalence and correlates of cmv dna shedding in cervical secretions from a large cohort of hiv-1-seropositive women. using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays, cmv dna was detected in 183 (59%) cervical swab samples from 311 women. cervical shedding of cmv dna was significantly associated with shedding of hiv-1 dna (odds ratio 1.8; 95% confidence interval 1.1-2 ... | 1999 | 10534728 |
| trichomonas vaginalis interactions with fibronectin and laminin. | the sexually transmitted protozoan trichomonas vaginalis cytoadheres to vaginal epithelial cells and causes contact-dependent cytotoxicity which, when combined with the normal exfoliation process, leads to erosion of the epithelium, which may allow trichomonads into extracellular matrix and basement membrane sites. therefore, the association of t. vaginalis with immobilized fibronectin (fn) and laminin (lm) on cover-slips was examined. binding of live parasites to coated cover-slips was time- an ... | 1999 | 10537205 |
| transcription initiation at the tata-less spliced leader rna gene promoter requires at least two dna-binding proteins and a tripartite architecture that includes an initiator element. | eukaryotic transcriptional regulatory signals, defined as core and activator promoter elements, have yet to be identified in the earliest diverging group of eukaryotes, the primitive protozoans, which include the trypanosomatidae family of parasites. the divergence within this family is highlighted by the apparent absence of the "universal" transcription factor tata-binding protein. to understand gene expression in these protists, we have investigated spliced leader rna gene transcription. the r ... | 1999 | 10542223 |
| an outreach programme for sexually transmitted infection screening in street sex workers using self-administered samples. | street sex workers represent an at-risk group of individuals who find it difficult to access mainstream health services. this was a cross-sectional study of street sex workers in melbourne, australia using a self-administered method to detect chlamydial, gonorrhoea and trichomonas infections. of the 81 individuals approached, 63 (78%) (95% ci: 67-86%) agreed to participate. overall, 87% of the participants obtained their results. of the 63 participants, 53 (84%) had a past history of injecting d ... | 1999 | 10563563 |
| improved diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis infection by pcr using vaginal swabs and urine specimens compared to diagnosis by wet mount microscopy, culture, and fluorescent staining. | four vaginal cotton swab specimens were obtained from each of 804 women visiting the outpatient sexually transmitted disease clinic of the erasmus university medical center rotterdam, rotterdam, the netherlands, for validation of various forms of trichomonas vaginalis diagnostic procedures. one swab specimen was immediately examined by wet mount microscopy, a second swab was placed in kupferberg's trichosel medium for cultivation, and two swabs were placed in phosphate-buffered saline (pbs), ph ... | 1999 | 10565943 |
| distraction index. part i: the elusive trich. | 1999 | 10572266 | |
| reproductive-tract infections in women in low-income, low-prevalence situations: assessment of syndromic management in matlab, bangladesh. | in the control of reproductive-tract infections, including sexually transmitted infections (stis), in low-income and middle-income countries, who recommends syndromic management for individuals with symptoms. this intervention was initially developed in areas where prevalence of such infections is high. we investigated the clinical effectiveness and cost of this approach among a group of women with a low prevalence of infection. | 1999 | 10577639 |
| resolution of six chromosomes of trichomonas vaginalis and conservation of size and number among isolates. | the electrophoretic karyotype of trichomonas vaginalis isolates was determined by contour-clamped homogeneous electric field electrophoresis. six chromosomal bands ranging between 50 kbp and 6 mbp were reliably resolved by our separation method. trichomonad chromosomes fell into 3 distinct size classes. the 3 maxichromosomes were approximately 5,700, 4,700, and 3,500 kbp. two intermediate-sized chromosomes were approximately 1,200 kbp and 1,100 kbp. a minichromosome was approximately 75 kbp. the ... | 1999 | 10577741 |
| [incidence and management of male urethritis in the district of tunis]. | the aim of the study was to evaluate the incidence of male urethritis and the relative frequency of the different etiological agents in order to adapt standard case management. | 1999 | 10587990 |
| use of spun urine to enhance detection of trichomonas vaginalis in adolescent women. | diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis infection is traditionally performed by microscopic examination of vaginal fluid. although this technique is relatively insensitive compared with culture, it is widely used because of its lower cost and immediate results. | 1999 | 10591297 |
| upstream regulatory sequences required for expression of the trichomonas vaginalis alpha-succinyl coa synthetase gene. | 1999 | 10593185 | |
| the flagellated parasite trichomonas vaginalis: new insights into cytopathogenicity mechanisms. | our knowledge concerning cytopathogenicity of trichomonas vaginalis has been enriched in the past by numerous findings. in this paper, we review the latest advances in the field and discuss the different mechanisms and molecules responsible for the parasite's virulence. | 1999 | 10594979 |
| a study on the potential role of trichomonas vaginalis in transmission of herpes simplex virus type ii. | some strains of trichomonas vaginalis have been reported to contain virus-like particles (vlp). whether they were natural inhabitants or acquired from the host, the emerging question will be about the potential role of this protozoan in viral transmission. the present model have been established for studying the ability of t. vaginalis to acquire herpes simplex virus type ii (hsv). green monkey kidney cells (vero cells) were infected with hcv and t. vaginalis was inoculated 3 days later. the pro ... | 1999 | 10605506 |
| [prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases among pregnant tunisian women and validation of a clinical algorithm proposed by who for the management of sexually transmitted diseases]. | the objectives of our study are to assess the prevalence of std agents in tunisia and to validate the who algorithm of std management. the most frequent std agents are trichomonas vaginalis and chlamydiae trachomatis, respectively with a prevalence of 5.6% and 1.7%. the assessment of the syndromic approach shows that the sensitivity and specificity of the who algorithm can be improved by the introduction of risk factors. the training of health care service providers and the use of an algorithm i ... | 1999 | 10609411 |
| trichomonad invasion of the mucous layer requires adhesins, mucinases, and motility. | trichomonas vaginalis, the causal agent of trichomonosis, is a flagellated parasitic protozoan that colonises the epithelial cells of the human urogenital tract. the ability of t vaginalis to colonise this site is in part a function of its ability to circumvent a series of non-specific host defences including the mucous layer covering epithelial cells at the site of infection. mucin, the framework molecule of mucus, forms a lattice structure that serves as a formidable physical barrier to microb ... | 1999 | 10615308 |
| national guideline for the management of trichomonas vaginalis. clinical effectiveness group (association for genitourinary medicine and the medical society for the study of venereal diseases). | 1999 | 10616377 | |
| preliminary screening of antiprotozoal activity of extracts from cotula cinerea l. | ethyl ether, ethyl acetate and n.butanol extracts of cotula cinerea l. were tested for their antiprotozoal activity against two species of trichomonas: trichomonas intestinalis and trichomonas vaginalis. it has been found that the growth of both trichomonas was significantly inhibited. | 1999 | 10709453 |
| screening of antibacterial and antiparasitic activities of six moroccan medicinal plants. | the extracts of six plants selected on the basis of folk-medicine reports were examined for their antibacterial effects against eight pathogenic bacteria. the results showed that n-butanol extract of calotropis procera proved to be the most effective against the bacteria tested using the paper disc diffusion method. the antiprotozoal activity was also examined and showed that ethyl ether extract of sium nodiflorum exhibits a parasiticidal effect against trichomonas intestinalis and vaginalis. | 1999 | 10709454 |
| non-gonococcal urethritis (ngu) due to trichomonas vaginalis in ibadan. | two hundred and sixty two male patients attending the special treatment clinic (stc) of the university college hospital, ibadan between july and december 1989, were examined for trichomonas vaginalis as a cause of non-gonococcal urethritis using both microscopic and culture methods. thirteen of the 262 male patients were the sexual partners of trichomonas vaginalis infected women. while 47(17.9) percent of the 262 men investigated had gonococcal urethritis, 215(82.1 percent) had non-gonococcal u ... | 1999 | 10876736 |
| [verification of identification of infectious agents by culture in routine gynecologic cytological screening]. | the original bethesda classification system for reporting cervical/vaginal cytologic diagnoses has claimed besides oncologic evaluation also a statement on the presence of infectious agents. their diagnosis should be followed by appropriate treatment. based upon the comparison of careful bacterioscopic study in a series of 175 routine cervical smears with the results of microbiological, virological and mycological examinations the following pathogens might be-according to the authors' opinion-di ... | 1999 | 11038666 |
| is there a protective role for vaginal flora? | the notion of a protective vaginal flora is relatively new. resident flora manifest colonization resistance to prevent or reduce the likelihood of exogenous microorganisms, viruses, bacteria, yeast, or parasites becoming established in the lower genital tract of women following sexual (hiv, neisseria gonorrhoeae, escherichia coli, candida albicans, trichomonas vaginalis) or nonsexual (uropathogenic e. coli) transmission. the concept of preserving or reestablishing protective flora has been haste ... | 1999 | 11095812 |
| the prevalence of chlamydia trachomatis infection in rural thai women. | a cross sectional study was designed to investigate the prevalence of chlamydia trachomatis among different groups of rural women in the northeast thailand. the presence of chlamydial antigens in endocervical swabs was detected by elisa. the prevalences of chlamydia trachomatis were 6.8% (31/485), 5.2% (24/466) and 6.7% (12/179) in women attending antenatal, postpartum and family planning clinics respectively. the average prevalences of c. trachomatis among hospital-based and community-based wom ... | 1999 | 10695789 |
| why is trichomonas vaginalis ignored? | 1999 | 10754936 | |
| high prevalence of genital chlamydia trachomatis infection in women presenting in different clinical settings in jamaica: implications for control strategies. | to determine the prevalence of genital chlamydia trachomatis infection and risk factors in women attending family planning, gynaecology, and sexually transmitted disease (std) clinics in jamaica. | 1999 | 10754948 |
| estimating the prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis, chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, and human papillomavirus infection in indigenous women in northern australia. | to estimate more accurately the age specific prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis, chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, and human papillomavirus infection (hpv) in indigenous women living in urban, rural, and remote areas of the "top end" of the northern territory (nt). | 1999 | 10754952 |
| [microbiological evaluation of the vagina in women being screened for inflammatory and precancerous conditions of female genitalia]. | the aim of this work was to study the microbiology of vaginal secretion in 3665 (19 to 72 year old) women investigated in the screening programme for inflammatory and malignant diseases. microbiological examinations of the vaginal contents were carried out using direct preparations (miller and gram methods) and different media for cultures. normal biocenosis (i and ii grade of cleanliness) of the vagina was observed in 40.74% investigated patients. abnormal biocenosis was classified as early, ad ... | 1999 | 10910658 |
| gestational bleeding, bacterial vaginosis, and common reproductive tract infections: risk for preterm birth and benefit of treatment. | to examine associations between bacterial vaginosis and other prevalent lower genital tract infections and clinically recognized first-trimester bleeding; possible independent and joint effects of gestational bleeding and bacterial vaginosis or other prevalent infections on preterm birth and premature rupture of membranes; and effects of antimicrobial treatment on reducing risks of preterm birth among these women. | 1999 | 10912974 |
| diagnosis of symptomatic and asymptomatic trichomonas vaginalis infection by applying one tube nested pcr to vaginal discharge. | one tube nested-pcr targeting a species-specific tv-e650 repeat family of t. vaginalis genome, was applied to vaginal discharge specimen to diagnose symptomatic and asymptomatic trichomoniasis. the test was compared with axenic culture examination, wet mount preparation and papanicolaou stained smears. four-hundred and fifty cases symptomatic and symptomatic were collected over two years. out of 290 symptomatic women with cervicovaginitis and 160 asymptomatic women, 35 were culture positive for ... | 1999 | 12561939 |
| [a boy infant with trichomonas vaginalis infection of the urethra]. | 1999 | 12563773 | |
| a simple and rapid method for staining tritrichomonas foetus and trichomonas vaginalis. | 1999 | 12968765 | |
| performance of the autopap primary screening system at jefferson university hospital. | to evaluate the performance of the autopap system for primary screening of cervical/vaginal cytologic smears at the 25% no review rate at jefferson university hospital. | 1999 | 9987446 |
| analysis of a ubiquitous promoter element in a primitive eukaryote: early evolution of the initiator element. | typical metazoan core promoter elements, such as tata boxes and inr motifs, have yet to be identified in early-evolving eukaryotes, underscoring the extensive divergence of these organisms. towards the identification of core promoters in protists, we have studied transcription of protein-encoding genes in one of the earliest-diverging lineages of eukaryota, that represented by the parasitic protist trichomonas vaginalis. a highly conserved element, comprised of a motif similar to a metazoan init ... | 1999 | 10022924 |
| subsequent sexually transmitted infections among adolescent women with genital infection due to chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, or trichomonas vaginalis. | to identify factors associated with subsequent sexually transmitted infection (sti) (within 1 year of initial infection) due to chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae or trichomonas vaginalis. | 1999 | 9918320 |
| efficacy of new 5-nitroimidazoles against metronidazole-susceptible and -resistant giardia, trichomonas, and entamoeba spp. | the efficacies of 12 5-nitroimidazole compounds and 1 previously described lactam-substituted nitroimidazole with antiparasitic activity, synthesized via srn1 and subsequent reactions, were assayed against the protozoan parasites giardia duodenalis, trichomonas vaginalis, and entamoeba histolytica. two metronidazole-sensitive lines and two metronidazole-resistant lines of giardia and one line each of metronidazole-sensitive and -resistant trichomonas were tested. all except one of the compounds ... | 1999 | 9869568 |
| [vaginal trichomoniasis in a group of hiv-positive people]. | a total of 132 women who received attention at the outpatient department of dermatology of the "pedro kouri" institute of tropical medicine from january to july, 1998, were studied. 64 of them were hiv carriers and 68 were sound controls. on determining the infection frequency by trichomonas vaginalis, it was found that 15.6% and 16.1%, respectively, were parasitized by this protozoa. the diagnostic techniques used were simple direct examination of the vaginal exudate and culture in vitro. the l ... | 2000 | 11826530 |
| molecular epidemiology of metronidazole resistance in a population of trichomonas vaginalis clinical isolates. | trichomonas vaginalis, the causative agent for human trichomoniasis, is a problematic sexually transmitted disease mainly in women, where it may be asymptomatic or cause severe vaginitis and cervicitis. despite its high prevalence, the genetic variability and drug resistance characteristics of this organism are poorly understood. to address these issues, genetic analyses were performed on 109 clinical isolates using three approaches. first, two internal transcribed spacer (its) regions flanking ... | 2000 | 10921968 |
| characterization, cloning and immunolocalization of a coronin homologue in trichomonas vaginalis. | on adhesion to host cells the flagellate trichomonas vaginalis switches to an amoeboid form rich in actin microfilaments. we have undertaken the identification of actin-associated proteins that regulate actin dynamics. a monoclonal antibody 4c12 raised against a cytoskeletal fraction of t. vaginalis labeled a protein doublet at circa 50 kda. these two bands were recognized by the antibody against dictyostelium discoideum coronin. during cell extraction and actin polymerization, t. vaginalis coro ... | 2000 | 10928457 |
| strategies by which some pathogenic trichomonads integrate diverse signals in the decision-making process. | the interaction between each one of trichomonas vaginalis and tritrichomonas foetus with their hosts is a complex process in which components associated to the cell surfaces of both parasites and host epithelial cells, and also to soluble components found in vaginal/urethral secretions, are involved. either cytoadhesion or the cytotoxicity exerted by parasites to host cells can be dictated by virulence factors such as adhesins, cysteine proteinases, laminin-binding proteins, integrins, integrin- ... | 2000 | 10932116 |
| trichomonas vaginalis: analysis of a heat-inducible member of the cytosolic heat-shock-protein 70 multigene family. | a 2253-nucleotide (nt) transcript for a trichomonas vaginalis heat-shock protein 70, tvchsp70, has been isolated that encodes for a protein of 659 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 71.3 kda. tvchsp70 has a short (10-nt) 5' untranslated region (utr), and the 263-nt 3' utr is the longest reported for a trichomonas peptide. amino-acid sequence analysis and phylogenetic comparison identifies tvchsp70 as a member of the heat-inducible cytoplasmic hsp70 gene family. southern-blot data i ... | 2000 | 10935914 |
| vaginal fetal fibronectin measurements from 8 to 22 weeks' gestation and subsequent spontaneous preterm birth. | we sought to determine the range of fetal fibronectin values in the vagina from 8 to 22 weeks' gestation, the factors associated with both low and high values, and whether high values are associated with gestational age at birth. | 2000 | 10942489 |
| cp30, a cysteine proteinase involved in trichomonas vaginalis cytoadherence. | we describe here the participation of a trichomonas vaginalis 30-kda proteinase (cp30) with affinity to the hela cell surface in attachment of this parasite to host epithelial cells. the cp30 band is a cysteine proteinase because its activity was inhibited by e-64, a thiol proteinase inhibitor. in two-dimensional substrate gel electrophoresis of total extracts of the trichomonad isolate cncd 147, three spots with proteolytic activity were detected in the 30-kda region, in the pi range from 4.5 t ... | 2000 | 10948104 |
| improvement of clinical algorithms for the diagnosis of neisseria gonorrhoeae and chlamydia trachomatis by the use of gram-stained smears among female sex workers in accra, ghana. | screening for cervical infection is difficult in developing countries. screening strategies must be improved for high-risk women, such as female sex workers. | 2000 | 10949431 |
| [neonatal respiratory insufficiency caused by maternal infection with trichomonas vaginalis]. | authors presented cases of two premature newborns with severe respiratory insufficiency due to congenital maternal trichomonas vaginalis infection requiring mechanical ventilation. they focused on this special perinatal problem and also on diagnostical and therapeutical modalities of this newly recognised syndrome in the early neonatal period. | 2000 | 10979312 |
| a comparative study of genotoxic effects in the treatment of trichomonas vaginalis infection: metronidazole or nalidixic acid. | we performed a prospective randomized study to compare the potential genotoxic effects of metronidazole and nalidixic acid which they are used in the treatment of trichomonas vaginalis infection. 20 patients with trichomonas vaginalis infections participated in this study. 14 patients with vaginal trichomoniasis were treated with therapeutic doses of metronidazole 250 mg 3 times/d and six patients were treated with nalidixic acid 400 mg twice a day for 10 d. the genotoxic potential of a variety ... | 2000 | 10985613 |
| new pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyrazines: synthesis and biological activity. | some new pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyrazines and related heterocycles were synthesized and evaluated for their antifungal and antiparasitic activities. the key intermediate, 6-amino-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1h-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5-carbonitrile (3) was obtained in a one-pot synthesis via the reaction of 5-amino-3-methyl-4-nitroso-1-phenylpyrazole 2 with malononitrile. | 2000 | 10989833 |
| do anti-tricomonas vaginalis antibodies recognize hiv gp41? | 2000 | 10997416 | |
| purification and specificity of two alpha-glucosidase isoforms of the parasitic protist trichomonas vaginalis. | two isoforms of alpha-glucosidase were purified from the parasitic protist trichomonas vaginalis. both consisted of 103 kda subunits, but differed in ph optimum and substrate specificity. isoform 1 had a ph optimum around 4.5 and negligible activity on glucose oligomers other than maltose, while isoform 2 with a ph optimum of 5.5 hydrolyzed also such substrates at considerable rates. neither had activity on glycogen or starch. isoform 1 had a specific activity for hydrolysis of maltose of 30 u/m ... | 2000 | 11001140 |
| contributions of the axostyle and flagella to closed mitosis in the protists tritrichomonas foetus and trichomonas vaginalis. | tritrichomonas foetus and trichomonas vaginalis are protists that undergo closed mitosis: the nuclear envelope remains intact and the spindle remains extranuclear. here we show, in disagreement with previous studies, that the axostyle does not disappear during mitosis but rather actively participates in it. we document the main structural modifications of the cell during its cell cycle using video enhanced microscopy and computer animation, bright field light microscopy, confocal laser scanning ... | 2000 | 11001145 |
| the interaction of trichomonas vaginalis with epithelial cells, polymorphonuclear leucocytes and erythrocytes on vaginal smears: light microscopic observation. | in this study, vaginal smears taken from 400 patients were examined cytologically using the papanicolaou technique. twenty of the 400 patients were detected as harbouring trichomonas vaginalis. the interactions of t. vaginalis with epithelial cells, polymorphonuclear leucocytes (pmnls) and erythrocytes were determined at light microscopic level. it was observed that t. vaginalis were juxtaposed to the epithelial cells and changed shape according to the contours of the epithelial cell revealing t ... | 2000 | 11014660 |
| detection of trichomonosis in vaginal and urine specimens from women by culture and pcr. | vaginal trichomonosis is a highly prevalent infection which has been associated with human immunodeficiency virus acquisition and preterm birth. culture is the current "gold standard" for diagnosis. as urine-based testing using dna amplification techniques becomes more widely used for other sexually transmitted diseases (stds) such as gonorrhea and chlamydia, a similar technique for trichomonosis would be highly desirable. women attending an std clinic for a new complaint were screened for trich ... | 2000 | 11015368 |
| origin and evolution of eukaryotic chaperonins: phylogenetic evidence for ancient duplications in cct genes. | chaperonins are oligomeric protein-folding complexes which are divided into two distantly related structural classes. group i chaperonins (called groel/cpn60/hsp60) are found in bacteria and eukaryotic organelles, while group ii chaperonins are present in archaea and the cytoplasm of eukaryotes (called cct/tric). while archaea possess one to three chaperonin subunit-encoding genes, eight distinct cct gene families (paralogs) have been characterized in eukaryotes. we are interested in determining ... | 2000 | 11018153 |
| dependence of trichomonas vaginalis upon polyamine backconversion. | trichomonas vaginalis grown for 16 h in the presence of [(14)c]spermine formed a high intracellular pool of [(14)c]spermidine and a small but detectable pool of [(14)c]putrescine. when [(3)h]putrescine was added to the growth medium, a large intracellular pool of [(3)h]putrescine was found, but it was not further metabolized, confirming previous studies suggesting the absence of a forward-directed polyamine synthetic pathway in t. vaginalis. spermidine:sperminen:(1)-acetyltransferase (ssat) and ... | 2000 | 11021947 |
| in vitro sensitivity of trichomonas vaginalis to dna topoisomerase ii inhibitors. | vaginal trichomoniasis is a highly prevalent sexually transmitted disease caused by a microaerophilic protozoan trichomonas vaginalis. the disease is one of the most common sexually transmitted disease and can augment the predisposition of individuals to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. although the disease can be treated with metronidazole and related 5-nitroimidazole, cases of trichomonal vaginitis which are refractory to standard treatment seems to be increasing. clearly, new ant ... | 2000 | 11023077 |
| trichomonas vaginalis epidemiology: parameterising and analysing a model of treatment interventions. | trichomonas vaginalis, which affects at least 170 million individuals globally, may increase the risk of transmission of hiv and predispose pregnant women to premature rupture of membranes and early labour. | 2000 | 11026878 |
| risk and prevalence of treatable sexually transmitted diseases at a birmingham substance abuse treatment facility. | we evaluated the prevalence of gonorrhea, chlamydia, trichomoniasis, and syphilis in patients entering residential drug treatment. | 2000 | 11029998 |
| effect of a cellulose acetate phthalate topical cream on vaginal transmission of simian immunodeficiency virus in rhesus monkeys. | human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) infection continues to spread in developing countries, mostly through heterosexual transmission. the development of a safe and cost-effective topical microbicide, effective against a range of stds including hiv-1, would greatly impact the ongoing epidemic. when formulated in a vehicle, a micronized form of cellulose acetate phthalate (cap), which is an inactive pharmaceutical excipient, has been shown to inactivate hiv-1, herpes simplex virus types 1 a ... | 2000 | 11036053 |
| blastocystis hominis: a simplified, high-efficiency method for clonal growth on solid agar. | colony growth of protozoan parasites in agar can be useful for axenization, cloning, and viability studies. this is usually achieved with the pour plate method, for which the parasite colonies are situated within the agar. this technique has been described for giardia intestinalis, trichomonas vaginalis, and entamoeba and blastocystis species. extracting such colonies can be laborious. it would be especially useful if parasites could be grown on agar as colonies. these colonies, being exposed on ... | 2000 | 11038315 |
| pathogenesis of abnormal vaginal bacterial flora. | this study was undertaken to determine the relationships between microscopy findings on wet mounts, such as lactobacillary grade or vaginal leukocytosis, and results of vaginal culture, lactate and succinate content of the vagina, and levels of selected cytokines. | 2000 | 10764465 |
| a novel cysteine proteinase (cp65) of trichomonas vaginalis involved in cytotoxicity. | the goal of this study was to demonstrate the participation in cellular damage of a trichomonas vaginalis proteinase with a molecular mass of 65 kda (cp65). by two dimensional gelatin-gel electrophoresis of trichomonad proteins we detected four spots with proteolytic activity on the 65 kda region, but only one, pi 7.2, binds to the hela cell surface. by indirect immunofluorescence, rabbit antibodies against this proteinase localized the cp65 on the plasma membrane and in the cytoplasm of t. vagi ... | 2000 | 10764610 |
| can a two-glass urine test or leucocyte esterase test of first-void urine improve syndromic management of male urethritis in southern thailand? | the goal of this study was to determine whether a urine two-glass test or a leucocyte esterase (le) test of first-void urine (fvu) improve the sensitivity or specificity of the world health organization (who) algorithm for the syndromic management of men with urethritis in southern thailand. a secondary aim was to determine whether infection with trichomonas vaginalis was sufficiently common to include treatment for it in a syndromic management protocol. one hundred and twenty-nine men with symp ... | 2000 | 10772086 |
| treatment of sexually transmitted bacterial diseases in pregnant women. | testing for and treating sexually transmitted diseases (stds) in pregnant women deserves special attention. treatment possibilities are limited because of potential risks for the developing fetus, and because effects can differ in pregnant compared with non-pregnant women, re-infection may be missed because of the intrinsic delicacy of contact-tracing during pregnancy and because pregnant women are more reluctant to take the prescribed medication in its full dose, if at all. however, the devasta ... | 2000 | 10776830 |
| comparative prevalence of infection with trichomonas vaginalis among men attending a sexually transmitted diseases clinic. | although established in women as a common cause of vaginal discharge, the prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis (tv) in men compared with other classic urethral pathogens has not been well characterized. to assess this issue, the authors compared the prevalence of neisseria gonorrhoeae (gc), chlamydia trachomatis (ct), and tv in consecutive men attending a sexually transmitted diseases (std) clinic. | 2000 | 10782747 |
| consider diagnosis and treatment of trichomoniasis in men. | 2000 | 10782748 | |
| correlation between trichomoniasis vaginalis and female infertility. | trichomoniasis vaginalis is one of the common parasitic infection in females. the present results showed that infertile women with t. vaginalis with or without pathogenic microorganisms have decreased c3 & c4, increased iga level in vaginal discharge and increased serum prolactin. so. t. vaginalis is incriminated as one of the causes of their infertility. | 2000 | 10786039 |
| interventions for trichomoniasis in pregnancy. | vaginitis due to trichomonas vaginalis is one of the most common of sexually transmitted diseases. trichomoniasis affects women during pregnancy as well but it is not clearly established whether it causes preterm birth and other pregnancy complications. | 2000 | 10796181 |
| interventions for treating trichomoniasis in women. | around 120 million women worldwide suffer from trichomonas vaginalis vaginitis every year. the infection is sexually transmitted and is believed to facilitate hiv transmission. the objective of the review is to assess the effects of various treatment strategies for trichomoniasis in women. | 2000 | 10796512 |
| antifungal and antiprotozoal activities of saponins from hedera colchica. | 2000 | 10798254 | |
| validity of the vaginal discharge algorithm among pregnant and non-pregnant women in nairobi, kenya. | to evaluate the validity of different algorithms for the diagnosis of gonococcal and chlamydial infections among pregnant and non-pregnant women consulting health services for vaginal discharge in nairobi, kenya. | 2000 | 10817066 |