Publications

genomic and genetic characterization of rice cen3 reveals extensive transcription and evolutionary implications of a complex centromere.	the centromere is the chromosomal site for assembly of the kinetochore where spindle fibers attach during cell division. in most multicellular eukaryotes, centromeres are composed of long tracts of satellite repeats that are recalcitrant to sequencing and fine-scale genetic mapping. here, we report the genomic and genetic characterization of the complete centromere of rice (oryza sativa) chromosome 3. using a dna fiber-fluorescence in situ hybridization approach, we demonstrated that the centrom ...	2006	16877494
isolation and identification of sa and ja inducible protein kinase gene ossjmk1 in rice.	on the basis of a ja-inducible est, the full length cdna of a putative protein kinase gene, ossjmkj, was isolated from rice (oryza sativa l.). the predicted protein of this gene, consisting of 498 amino acids with a predicted pi value of 8.43, contains a mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) domain with a dual-phosphorylation activation motif tdy (thr-asp-tyr) and a c-terminus domain that feature a typical mapk belonging to subgroup v. ossjmk1 showed 81% sequence identity to the reported bwmk1 ...	2006	16875320
mapping qtl for biomass yield and its components in rice (oryza sativa l.).	additive effects, additive by additive epistatic effects, and their environmental interactions of qtls are important genetic components of quantitative traits. genetic architecture underlying rice biomass yield and its two component traits (straw yield and grain yield) were analyzed for a population of 125 dh lines from an inter-subspecific cross of ir64/azucena. the mixed-model based composite interval mapping approach (mcim) was used to detect qtls, there were 12 qtls detected with additive ma ...	2006	16875318
heavy genetic load associated with the subspecific differentiation of japonica rice (oryza sativa ssp. japonica l.).	genetic load in the genome of the model species, rice, was genetically dissected by mapping quantitative trait loci (qtls) affecting the radiosensitivity of 226 recombinant inbred lines (rils) to gamma-ray- and spaceflight-induced radiation. the parents and rils varied considerably in their radiosensitivity to gamma-ray irradiation. a total of 28 qtls affecting the two index traits, seedling height (sh) and seed fertility (sf), of radiosensitivity were identified. the japonica parent, lemont, wa ...	2006	16868041
nucleotide diversity in starch synthase iia and validation of single nucleotide polymorphisms in relation to starch gelatinization temperature and other physicochemical properties in rice (oryza sativa l.).	the characteristics of starch, such as gelatinization temperature (gt), apparent amylose content (aac), pasting temperature (pt) and other physicochemical properties, determine the quality of various products of rice, e.g., eating, cooking and processing qualities. the gt of rice flour is controlled by the alk locus, which has been co-mapped to the starch synthase iia (ssiia) locus. in this study, we sequenced a 2,051 bp dna fragment spanning part of intron 6, exon 7, intron 7, exon 8 and part o ...	2006	16850313
cytological mechanism of pollen abortion resulting from allelic interaction of f1 pollen sterility locus in rice (oryza sativa l.).	pollen abortion is one of the major reasons causing the inter-subspecific f(1) hybrid sterility in rice and is due to allelic interaction of f(1) pollen sterility genes. the microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis of taichung 65 and its three f(1) hybrids were comparatively studied by using techniques of differential interference contrast microscopy, semi-thin section light microscopy, epifluorescence microscopy and tem. the results showed that there were differences among the cytological mecha ...	2006	16850233
osbisamt1, a gene encoding s-adenosyl-l-methionine: salicylic acid carboxyl methyltransferase, is differentially expressed in rice defense responses.	we isolated and identified a full-length cdna, osbisamt1 [oryza sativa l. benzothiadiazole (bth)-induced samt 1], which encodes a putative s-adenosyl-l: -methionine:salicylic acid carboxyl methyltransferase (samt) from rice. osbisamt1 contains an ore of 1128 bp, which predicts to encode a 375 aa protein. the osbisamt1 protein sequence shows a high level of identity to known plant samts and contains a conserved characteristic methyltransferase domain. osbisamt1 is a member of a small gene family ...	2006	16850192
organ-specific analysis of the anaerobic primary metabolism in rice and wheat seedlings. i: dark ethanol production is dominated by the shoots.	during anaerobiosis in darkness the main route for atp production in plants is through glycolysis in combination with fermentation. we compared the organ-specific anaerobic fermentation of flooding-tolerant rice (oryza sativa) and sensitive wheat (triticum aestivum) seedlings. a sensitive laser-based photoacoustic trace gas detection system was used to monitor emission of ethanol and acetaldehyde by roots and shoots of intact seedlings. dark-incubated rice seedlings released 3 times more acetald ...	2006	16845530
calmodulin isoform-specific activation of a rice calmodulin-binding kinase conferred by only three amino-acids of oscam61.	the kinase activity of a ca(2+)/calmodulin (cam)-binding serine/threonine protein kinase from rice (oryza sativa) (oscbk) has been reported to be unaffected by oscam1 binding. in this study, we examined whether other rice cams can stimulate oscbk. it was observed that oscam61 stimulated oscbk in a ca(2+)-dependent manner. in addition, ala(111), gly(123) and ser(127) were identified as critical residues for oscbk activation. mutational study and fluorescent spectroscopy analysis indicated that ca ...	2006	16842786
activities of mixtures of soil-applied herbicides with different molecular targets.	the joint action of soil-applied herbicide mixtures with similar or different modes of action has been assessed by using the additive dose model (adm). the herbicides chlorsulfuron, metsulfuron-methyl, pendimethalin and pretilachlor, applied either singly or in binary mixtures, were used on rice (oryza sativa l.). the growth (shoot) response curves were described by a logistic dose-response model. the ed50 values and their corresponding standard errors obtained from the response curves were used ...	2006	16953494
inhibition of ribonuclease and protease activities in arsenic exposed rice seedlings: role of proline as enzyme protectant.	when seedlings of two rice (oryza sativa l.) cvs. malviya-36 and pant-12 were raised under 25 and 50 microm as2o3 in the medium an increase in the level of rna, proteins and proline accompanied with a decline in the level of free amino acid pool was observed under arsenic supplementation compared to controls. in situ as3+ treatment caused a marked inhibition in activities of ribonuclease (rnase, ec 3.1.27.1), protease and leucine aminopeptidase (lap, ec 3.4.11.1) whereas the activity level of ca ...	2006	16949956
mapping and marker-assisted selection of a brown planthopper resistance gene bph2 in rice (oryza sativa l.).	nilaparvata lugens stål (brown planthopper, bph), is one of the major insect pests of rice (oryza sativa l.) in the temperate rice-growing region. in this study, asd7 harboring a bph resistance gene bph2 was crossed to a susceptible cultivar c418, a japonica restorer line. bph resistance was evaluated using 134 f2:3 lines derived from the cross between "asd7" and "c418". ssr assay and linkage analysis were carried out to detect bph2. as a result, the resistant gene bph2 in asd7 was successfully ...	2006	16939006
temperature-dependent development and population growth of tetraneura nigriabdominalis (homoptera: pemphigidae) on three host plants.	the root aphid tetraneura nigriabdominalis (sasaki) (homoptera: pemphigidae) is a pest of many gramineae species; however, little is known about its biology and relationships with host plants. the objectives of this study were to quantify the effects of temperature on development, longevity, fecundity, and population growth of t. nigriabdominalis and to assess the effects of host plant on development of t. nigriabdominalis. the effects of temperature on performance of this root aphid were determ ...	2006	16937674
rapd analysis of jasmine rice-specific genomic structure.	total genomic dna was extracted from 29 samples of rice seed, including jasmine rice oryza sativa l. subsp indica 'kdml105', 'kdml105'-derived varieties, nonaromatic thailand rice, and japonica rice. polymorphism in rapd profiles was analyzed to explore the genomic structure specific to jasmine rice. the degree of band sharing was used to evaluate genetic distance between varieties and to construct a phylogenetic tree. rd15, cntlr85033, and cnt87040 were found to be closest to 'kdml105', which w ...	2006	16936851
distribution, structure, organ-specific expression, and phylogenic analysis of the pathogenesis-related protein-3 chitinase gene family in rice (oryza sativa l.).	rice (oryza sativa l.) pathogenesis-related (pr)-3 chitinases, like other pr proteins, are each coded by one of the genes of a multigene family in the plant genome. we assembled the database information about rice pr-3 chitinase sequences. a total of 12 pr-3 chitinase loci (cht1 to cht12) were found deployed in the rice genome. some of the loci were occupied by 2 or more alleles. for all the loci expect cht4, cht5, cht6, and cht11, the amino acid sequence was polymorphic between japonica and ind ...	2006	16936841
discovery of cyclotide-like protein sequences in graminaceous crop plants: ancestral precursors of circular proteins?	cyclotides are peptides from plants of the rubiaceae and violaceae families that have the unusual characteristic of a macrocylic backbone. they are further characterized by their incorporation of a cystine knot in which two disulfides, along with the intervening backbone residues, form a ring through which a third disulfide is threaded. the cyclotides have been found in every violaceae species screened to date but are apparently present in only a few rubiaceae species. the selective distribution ...	2006	16935986
silicon deposition in the root reduces sodium uptake in rice (oryza sativa l.) seedlings by reducing bypass flow.	sodium chloride reduces the growth of rice seedlings, which accumulate excessive concentrations of sodium and chloride ions in their leaves. in this paper, we describe how silicon decreases transpirational bypass flow and ion concentrations in the xylem sap in rice (oryza sativa l.) seedlings growing under nacl stress. salt (50 mm nacl) reduced the growth of shoots and roots: adding silicate (3 mm) to the saline culture solution improved the growth of the shoots, but not roots. the improvement o ...	2006	16930322
structural development and stability of rice oryza sativa l. var. nerica 1.	the structural development of glasshouse-grown rice oryza sativa l. var. nerica 1 was studied in relation to its stability against lodging. the morphology and mechanical properties of both the stem and roots were examined from tillering, 4 weeks after transplantation up to maturity, together with plant weight distribution and anchorage strength. the "factors of safety" against root and stem failure were subsequently calculated throughout development. rice plants showed similar morphology to whea ...	2006	16926238
identification and characterization of cytokinin-signalling gene families in rice.	we identified four histidine kinase (hk) genes of a cytokinin receptor family, two histidine-containing phosphotransmitter (hpt) genes, thirteen a-type response regulator (rr) genes and six b-type rr genes in the rice genome. the hk genes (ohk2, ohk3, ohk4 and ohk5 for oryza sativa hk), the hpt genes (ohp1 and ohp2 for o. sativa hpt) and the b-type rr genes (orr1, orr2, orr3, orr4 and orr6 for o. sativa rr) except one (orr5) showed expression in various organs. orr5 was expressed in callus and f ...	2006	16919402
genome-wide investigation on the genetic variations of rice disease resistance genes.	exploitation of plant disease resistance (r) gene in breeding programs has been proven to be the most efficient strategy for coping with the threat of pathogens. an understanding of r-gene variation is the basis for this strategy. here we report a genome-wide investigation on the variation of nbs-lrr-encoding genes, the common type of r genes, between two sequenced rice genomes, oryza sativa l. var. nipponbare and 93-11. we show that the allelic nucleotide diversity in 65.0% of 397 least-diverge ...	2006	16915523
phytohormones and rice crop yield: strategies and opportunities for genetic improvement.	to feed an estimated world population of 8.9 billion by 2050, strategies for increasing grain production must be developed. several agronomically important traits for increasing yield, such as plant height, grain number, and leaf erectness, have recently been characterized in rice (oryza sativa l.). these traits are regulated primarily by three phytohormones: gibberellins, cytokinins, and brassinosteroids. the control of biosynthesis and degradation of these key phytohormones is discussed in ter ...	2006	16906440
characterization of expressed pgip genes in rice and wheat reveals similar extent of sequence variation to dicot pgips and identifies an active pgip lacking an entire lrr repeat.	polygalacturonase-inhibiting proteins (pgips) are leucine-rich repeat (lrr) proteins involved in plant defence. a number of pgips have been characterized from dicot species, whereas only a few data are available from monocots. database searches and genome-specific cloning strategies allowed the identification of four rice (oryza sativa l.) and two wheat (triticum aestivum l.) pgip genes. the rice pgip genes (ospgip1, ospgip2, ospgip3 and ospgip4) are distributed over a 30 kbp region of the short ...	2006	16906405
two osgasr genes, rice gast homologue genes that are abundant in proliferating tissues, show different expression patterns in developing panicles.	two different types of genes for rice ga-stimulated transcript (gast) homologue genes, oryza sativa ga-stimulated transcript-related gene 1 (osgasr1) and gene 2 (osgasr2), were found. both osgasr proteins contain a cysteine-rich domain highly conserved among gast family proteins in their c-terminal regions. gibberellin a3 (ga3) stimulated expression of both osgasrs in the wild-type nipponbare and ga3 synthesis-deficient mutant. expression of both osgasrs apparently increased when cell proliferat ...	2006	16905871
effects of zinc deficiency on rice growth and genetic factors contributing to tolerance.	zinc (zn) deficiency is the most widespread micronutrient disorder in rice (oryza sativa), but efforts to develop cultivars with improved tolerance have been hampered by insufficient understanding of genetic factors contributing to tolerance. the objective of this paper was to examine alternative evaluation methods and to identify the most informative traits that would provide realistic information for rice breeders and to map quantitative trait loci (qtls) associated with tolerance. screening e ...	2006	16905666
qtl mapping of grain length in rice (oryza sativa l.) using chromosome segment substitution lines.	chromosome segment substitution (css) lines have the potential for use in qtl fine mapping and map-based cloning. the standard t-test used in the idealized case that each css line has a single segment from the donor parent is not suitable for non-idealized css lines carrying several substituted segments from the donor parent. in this study, we present a likelihood ratio test based on stepwise regression (rstep-lrt) that can be used for qtl mapping in a population consisting of non-idealized css ...	2006	17125584
pattern and rate of indel evolution inferred from whole chloroplast intergenic regions in sugarcane, maize and rice.	microstructural changes such as insertions and deletions (=indels) are a major driving force in the evolution of non-coding dna sequences. to better understand the mechanisms by which indel mutations arise, as well as the molecular evolution of non-coding regions, the number and pattern of indels and nucleotide substitutions were compared in the whole chloroplast genomes. comparisons were made for a total of over 38 kb non-coding dna sequences from 126 intergenic regions in two data sets represe ...	2006	17110395
analysis of genotype x environment interaction effects for starch pasting viscosity characteristics in indica rice.	milled rice (oryza sativa l.) is composed of approximately 90% starch. the properties of starch have considerable effects on cooked rice palatability and consumer acceptability. starch pasting viscosity parameters serve as important indices in the estimation of eating, cooking, and processing qualities of rice. in the present study, four cytoplasmic male-sterile (cms) lines and eight restorer (r) lines have been used in an incomplete diallel cross to analyze seed effects, cytoplasmic effects, ma ...	2006	17112972
genomic variation in rice: genesis of highly polymorphic linkage blocks during domestication.	genomic regions that are unusually divergent between closely related species or racial groups can be particularly informative about the process of speciation or the operation of natural selection. the two sequenced genomes of cultivated asian rice, oryza sativa, reveal that at least 6% of the genomes are unusually divergent. sequencing of ten unlinked loci from the highly divergent regions consistently identified two highly divergent haplotypes with each locus in nearly complete linkage disequil ...	2006	17112320
expressions of oshkt1, oshkt2, and osvha are differentially regulated under nacl stress in salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant rice (oryza sativa l.) cultivars.	under nacl-dominated salt stress, the key to plant survival is maintaining a low cytosolic na(+) level or na(+)/k(+) ratio. the oshkt1, oshkt2, and osvha transporter genes might play important roles in maintaining cytosolic na(+) homeostasis in rice (oryza sativa l. indica cvs pokkali and brri dhan29). upon nacl stress, the oshkt1 transcript was significantly down-regulated in salt-tolerant cv. pokkali, but not in salt-sensitive cv. brri dhan29. nacl stress induced the expression of oshkt2 and o ...	2006	17088362
circumnutation of rice coleoptiles: its relationships with gravitropism and absence in lazy mutants.	although circumnutation occurs widely in higher plants, its mechanism is little understood. the idea that circumnutation is based on gravitropism has long been investigated, but the reported results have been controversial. we used dark-grown coleoptiles of rice (oryza sativa l.) to re-investigate this issue. the following results supported the existence of a close relationship between gravitropism and circumnutation: (1) circumnutation disappears on a horizontal clinostat; (2) circumnutation is ...	2006	17087462
tissue-specific histochemical localization of iron and ferritin gene expression in transgenic indica rice pusa basmati (oryza sativa l.).		2006	17072086
a sodium transporter (hkt7) is a candidate for nax1, a gene for salt tolerance in durum wheat.	durum wheat (triticum turgidum subsp. durum) is more salt sensitive than bread wheat (triticum aestivum). a novel source of na(+) exclusion conferring salt tolerance to durum wheat is present in the durum wheat line 149 derived from triticum monococcum c68-101, and a quantitative trait locus contributing to low na(+) concentration in leaf blades, nax1, mapped to chromosome 2al. in this study, we used the rice (oryza sativa) genome sequence and data from the wheat expressed sequence tag deletion ...	2006	17071645
carbohydrate-binding module of a rice endo-beta-1,4-glycanase, oscel9a, expressed in auxin-induced lateral root primordia, is post-translationally truncated.	we report the cloning of a glycoside hydrolase family (ghf) 9 gene of rice (oryza sativa l. cv. sasanishiki), oscel9a, corresponding to the auxin-induced 51 kda endo-1,4-beta-glucanase (egase). this enzyme reveals a broad substrate specificity with respect to sugar backbones (glucose and xylose) in beta-1,4-glycans of type ii cell wall. oscel9a encodes a 640 amino acid polypeptide and is an ortholog of tomcel8, a tomato egase containing a carbohydrate-binding module (cbm) 2 sequence at its c-ter ...	2006	17056619
a rice family 9 glycoside hydrolase isozyme with broad substrate specificity for hemicelluloses in type ii cell walls.	an auxin analog, 2,4-d, stimulates the activity of endo-1,4-beta-glucanase (egase) in rice (oryza sativa l.). the auxin-induced activity from three protein fractions was purified to homogeneity from primary root tissues (based on sds-page and isoelectric focusing after coomassie brilliant blue staining). amino acid sequencing indicated that the 20 n-terminal amino acid sequence of the three proteins was identical, suggesting that these proteins may be cognates of one egase gene. an internal amin ...	2006	17056618
common mechanisms regulating expression of rice aleurone genes that contribute to the primary response for gibberellin.	during germination of cereal seeds, aleurone cells respond to gibberellins (ga) by synthesizing and secreting hydrolytic enzymes that mobilize the reserved nutrients. it has been shown that products of early ga response genes, like a transcription factor gamyb, act as key molecules leading to this regulation. pivotal roles of gamyb on expression of hydrolase genes have been well documented, whereas regulation of gamyb expression itself remains obscure. in order to understand virtual mechanisms o ...	2006	17052766
[responses of rice growth and development to free-air co2 enrichment (face): a research review].	the ongoing increasing of atmospheric co2 has become a hot topic in the last two decades due to its profound impact on crop growth and development. oryza sativa l. (rice) is one of the most important crops in the world and the first food in china. this paper reviewed the results based on chamber-based experiments, mainly focused on the effects of free-air carbon dioxide enrichment (face) on the photosynthesis, water relationship, growth stage, leaf and root growth, dry matter production and dist ...	2006	17044517
exact word matches in rice pseudomolecules.	using pseudomolecules of assembled genomic sequence, we computed the frequencies of 6 to 24 bp oligonucleotide (oligo) "words" across the genome of rice (oryza sativa l. subsp. japonica). all oligos of 10 or fewer basepairs were repeated at least 12 times in the genome. the percentage of unique (non-repeated) oligos ranged from 0.1% for 12 bp oligos to 76.0% for 24 bp oligos. for three 200 kb regions, we annotated each nucleotide position with the genome-wide frequency of the 18 bp oligo startin ...	2006	17036080
fine mapping of a pistilloid-stamen (ps) gene on the short arm of chromosome 1 in rice.	a novel floral organ mutant of rice (oryza sativa l. subsp. indica), termed pistilloid-stamen (ps) here, has flowers with degenerated lemma and palea, with some stamens transformed into pistils and pistil-stamen chimeras. genetic analysis confirmed that the ps trait is controlled by a single recessive gene. f2 and f3 segregation populations derived from ps ps heterozygote crossed with oryza sativa subsp. indica 'luhui-17' (ps ps) were used for molecular mapping of the gene using simple sequence ...	2006	17036076
morphological and physiological responses of rice (oryza sativa) to limited phosphorus supply in aerated and stagnant solution culture.	rain-fed lowland rice commonly encounters stresses from fluctuating water regimes and nutrient deficiency. roots have to acquire both oxygen and nutrients under adverse conditions while also acclimating to changes in soil-water regime. this study assessed responses of rice roots to low phosphorus supply in aerated and stagnant nutrient solution.	2006	17035284
[genetic analysis of two extremely segregation distorted populations in rice (oryza sativa l.)].	segregation distortion is a quite common phenomenon in living species and thought to be a potent evolutional force. the main reasons of distorted segregation ratios are responsible for the selection of gametes or sporophytes. in this study, two extreme segregation distortions from the progenies of lmi x 02428 and d6 x 93-11 were identified. the segregation ratio of molecular markers tightly linked with lmi and d6 genes were analyzed and skew segregation were found in the markers tested which wer ...	2006	17035185
content of gamma-oryzanol and composition of steryl ferulates in brown rice (oryza sativa l.) of european origin.	the content of gamma-oryzanol and the composition of steryl ferulates were determined in brown rice of european origin using on-line coupled liquid chromatography-gas chromatography (lc-gc). analysis of 30 brown rice samples of various cultivars, grown at different sites and in different seasons, revealed the gamma-oryzanol content to range from 26 to 63 mg/100 g. cycloartenyl ferulate and 24-methylenecycloartanyl ferulate were the major components of gamma-oryzanol followed by campesteryl ferul ...	2006	17032019
the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor orysa;krp1 plays an important role in seed development of rice.	kip-related proteins (krps) play a major role in the regulation of the plant cell cycle. we report the identification of five putative rice (oryza sativa) proteins that share characteristic motifs with previously described plant krps. to investigate the function of krps in rice development, we generated transgenic plants overexpressing the orysa;krp1 gene. phenotypic analysis revealed that overexpressed krp1 reduced cell production during leaf development. the reduced cell production in the leaf ...	2006	17012406
arsenic sequestration in iron plaque, its accumulation and speciation in mature rice plants (oryza sativa l.).	a compartmented soil-glass bead culture system was used to investigate characteristics of iron plaque and arsenic accumulation and speciation in mature rice plants with different capacities of forming iron plaque on their roots. x-ray absorption near-edge structure spectra and extended x-ray absorption fine structure were utilized to identify the mineralogical characteristics of iron plaque and arsenic sequestration in plaque on the rice roots. iron plaque was dominated by (oxyhydr)oxides, which ...	2006	17007133
molecular analyses of the metallothionein gene family in rice (oryza sativa l.).	metallothioneins are a group of low molecular mass and cysteine-rich metal-binding proteins, ubiquitously found in most living organisms. they play an important role in maintaining intracellular metal homeostasis, eliminating metal toxification and protecting against intracellular oxidative damages. analysis of complete rice genome sequences revealed eleven genes encoding putative metallothionein (osmt), indicating that osmts constitute a small gene family in rice. expression profiling revealed ...	2006	17002881
functional classification, genomic organization, putatively cis-acting regulatory elements, and relationship to quantitative trait loci, of sorghum genes with rhizome-enriched expression.	rhizomes are organs of fundamental importance to plant competitiveness and invasiveness. we have identified genes expressed at substantially higher levels in rhizomes than other plant parts, and explored their functional categorization, genomic organization, regulatory motifs, and association with quantitative trait loci (qtls) conferring rhizomatousness. the finding that genes with rhizome-enriched expression are distributed across a wide range of functional categories suggests some degree of s ...	2006	16998090
the study of neighboring nucleotide composition and transition/transversion bias.	base substitution is one of the raw fuels that produce genetic variation and drive evolution. recent studies have shown that the genome components affect mutation patterns to some extent. in order to infer the correlation between the transition/transversion ratio (ts/tv) and the number of immediately adjacent a and t nucleotides, we investigated 3611007 oryza sativa snps (including 45462 coding snps, and 242811 intronic snps) and 32019 arabidopsis snps. the results show that ts/tv is negatively ...	2006	16989286
salt induces expression of rh3.2a, encoding an h3.2-type histone h3 protein in rice (oryza sativa l.).	histone h3 is one of the four histones, along with h2a, h2b, and h4, which form the eukaryotic nucleosome octamer core. in this study, a new gene rh3.2a encoding an h3.2-type histone h3 protein from rice (oryza sativa l.) was reported. rh3.2a was cloned through rt-pcr from salt-treated rice seedlings. this gene encoded a protein of 136 amino acid residues that were similar to some plant histone h3 proteins reported previously. however, the cdna sequence of rh3.2a and other rice h3 genes were dif ...	2006	16980130
qtl analysis for flag leaf characteristics and their relationships with yield and yield traits in rice.	photosynthesis of carbohydrate is the primary source of grain yield in rice (oryza sativa l.). it is important to genetically analyze the morphological and the physiological characteristics of functional leaves, especially flag leaf, in rice improvement. in this study, a recombinant inbred population derived from a cross between an indica (o. sativa l. ssp. indica) cultivar and a japonica (o. sativa l. ssp. japonica) cultivar was employed to map quantitative traits loci (qtls) for the morphologi ...	2006	16980129
phytotoxic effect of coal mine effluent on growth behavior, betabolic changes, and metal accumulation in rice plants (oryza sativa l.) c.v. ir-36.		2006	16977520
black rice anthocyanins inhibit cancer cells invasion via repressions of mmps and u-pa expression.	tumor metastasis is the most important cause of cancer death and various treatment strategies have targeted on preventing the occurrence of metastasis. anthocyanins are natural colorants belonging to the flavonoid family, and are wildly used for their antioxidant properties. here, we provided molecular evidence associated with the anti-metastatic effects of peonidin 3-glucoside and cyanidin 3-glucoside, major anthocyanins extracted from black rice (oryza sativa l. indica), by showing a marked in ...	2006	16970933
a fluorescent antibiotic resistance marker for rapid production of transgenic rice plants.	blasticidin s (bs) is an aminoacylnucleoside antibiotic used for the control of rice blast disease. to establish a new cereal transformation system, we constructed a visual marker gene designated gfbsd, encoding an enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) fused to the n-terminus of bs deaminase (bsd). it was cloned into a monocot expression vector and introduced into rice (oryza sativa l. cv. nipponbare) calluses by microprojectile bombardment. three to five weeks after the bombardment, multice ...	2006	16271791
low temperature treatment at the young microspore stage induces protein changes in rice anthers.	male reproductive development in rice is very sensitive to various forms of environmental stresses including low temperature. a few days of cold treatment (<20 degrees c) at the young microspore stage induce severe pollen sterility and thus large grain yield reductions. to investigate this phenomenon, anther proteins at the early stages of microspore development, with or without cold treatment at 12 degrees c, were extracted, separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and compared. the co ...	2006	16263700
3-deoxy-d-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase is regulated for the accumulation of polysaccharide-linked hydroxycinnamoyl esters in rice (oryza sativa l.) internode cell walls.	polysaccharide-linked hydroxycinnamoyl esters (phes) over-accumulate in the internodes of a rice (oryza sativa l.) mutant, fukei 71 (f71). this accumulation is accompanied by over-expression of phenylalanine ammonialyase (pal). in this study, we show that only one member of the 3-deoxy-d-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase (dahps) family expresses in close correlation with pal. furthermore, substrate availability to dahps is promoted by down-regulating the expression of plastidic pyruvate ...	2006	16496151
fine mapping of f5-du, a gene conferring wide-compatibility for pollen fertility in inter-subspecific hybrids of rice (oryza sativa l.).	wide-compatibility varieties (wcvs), comprising a special class of rice germplasm, are able to produce fertile hybrids when crossed with both indica and japonica varieties. dular, a landrace variety from india, has both a wide spectrum and high level of wide-compatibility when crossed with a range of indica and japonica varieties. in previous studies, an allele at the f5 locus from dular (f5-du) was identified as a neutral allele conferring wide-compatibility with a large effect on both pollen a ...	2006	16317572
comparative proteomic analysis provides new insights into chilling stress responses in rice.	low temperature is one of the major abiotic stresses limiting the productivity and the geographical distribution of many important crops. to gain a better understanding of chilling stress responses in rice (oryza sativa l. cv. nipponbare), we carried out a comparative proteomic analysis. three-week-old rice seedlings were treated at 6 degrees c for 6 or 24 h and then recovered for 24 h. chilling treatment resulted in stress phenotypes of rolling leaves, increased relative electrolyte leakage, an ...	2006	16316980
the oryza bacterial artificial chromosome library resource: construction and analysis of 12 deep-coverage large-insert bac libraries that represent the 10 genome types of the genus oryza.	rice (oryza sativa l.) is the most important food crop in the world and a model system for plant biology. with the completion of a finished genome sequence we must now functionally characterize the rice genome by a variety of methods, including comparative genomic analysis between cereal species and within the genus oryza. oryza contains two cultivated and 22 wild species that represent 10 distinct genome types. the wild species contain an essentially untapped reservoir of agriculturally importa ...	2006	16344555
qtls influencing panicle size detected in two reciprocal introgressive line (il) populations in rice (oryza sativa l.).	two sets of reciprocal introgression line (il) populations, i.e., ils with lemont as recurrent parent (il_lt) and ils with teqing as recurrent parent (il_tq), were developed and evaluated for traits representing panicle size, including primary branch number (pbn), secondary branch number (sbn), and spikelet number per panicle (snp). together with the regression to recurrent parent by advanced backcross, transgressive segregations were observed for all traits. correlation and regression analysis ...	2006	16331475
post-anthesis development of inferior and superior spikelets in rice in relation to abscisic acid and ethylene.	the purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that the interaction between abscisic acid (aba) and ethylene may be involved in mediating the post-anthesis development of spikelets in rice (oryza sativa l.). two rice genotypes were field-grown, and the changes of aba, ethylene, and 1-aminocylopropane-1-carboxylic acid (acc) levels in spikelets during grain filling and their relationships with endosperm-division and grain-filling rates were investigated. the results showed that earlier-flow ...	2006	16330527
high-resolution mapping of a new brown planthopper (bph) resistance gene, bph18(t), and marker-assisted selection for bph resistance in rice (oryza sativa l.).	brown planthopper (bph) is a destructive insect pest of rice in asia. identification and the incorporation of new bph resistance genes into modern rice cultivars are important breeding strategies to control the damage caused by new biotypes of bph. in this study, a major resistance gene, bph18(t), has been identified in an introgression line (ir65482-7-216-1-2) that has inherited the gene from the wild species oryza australiensis. genetic analysis revealed the dominant nature of the bph18(t) gen ...	2006	16240104
metabolic conversion of 24-methyl-delta25-cholesterol to 24-methylcholesterol in higher plants.	feeding of chemically synthesized [27-13c]codisterol ([27-13c]2), [27-13c]24-epicodisterol ([27-13c]3), [23,24-2h2]codisterol ([23,24-2h2]2), and [26,27-2h6]24-methyldesmosterol ([26,27-2h6]8) to oryza sativa cell cultures, followed by ms and nmr analysis of the biosynthesized dihydrobrassicasterol (9)/campesterol (10), revealed that both (24r)- and (24s)-epimers of 24-methyl-delta25-cholesterol (2/3) were converted to 9 and 10 via the common intermediate 24-methyldesmosterol (8).	2006	16213729
interactions between ethylene, gibberellin and abscisic acid regulate emergence and growth rate of adventitious roots in deepwater rice.	growth of adventitious roots is induced in deepwater rice (oryza sativa l.) when plants become submerged. ethylene which accumulates in flooded plant parts is responsible for root growth induction. gibberellin (ga) is ineffective on its own but acts in a synergistic manner together with ethylene to promote the number of penetrating roots and the growth rate of emerged roots. studies with the ga biosynthesis inhibitor paclobutrazol revealed that root emergence was dependent on ga activity. abscis ...	2006	16160845
basis of selectivity of cyhalofop-butyl in oryza sativa l.	cyhalofop-butyl (cb), 2-[4-(4-cyano-2-fluorophenoxy)phenoxy]propanoic acid, butyl ester (r), is an aryloxyphenoxypropionate (aopp) herbicide for postemergence use in rice to control grasses, mainly echinochloa spp. similar to other aopp and cyclohexanedione herbicides, the site of action of cb is acetyl-coenzyme a carboxylase (accase), an enzyme in fatty acid biosynthesis. the mechanisms involved in the selectivity of cb in rice (oryza sativa l.)-absorption, translocation, metabolism, and accase ...	2006	16160841
functional analysis of dna sequences controlling the expression of the rice oscdpk2 gene.	plant calcium-dependent protein kinases (cdpks) are involved in calcium-mediated signal transduction pathways. their expression is finely tuned in different tissues and in response to specific signals, but the mechanism of such a regulation is still largely unknown. oscdpk2 gene expression is modulated in vivo during rice (oryza sativa l.) flower development and is downregulated by white light in leaves. in order to identify oscdpk2 regulatory sequences, we amplified and cloned both the 5' and 3 ...	2006	16200411
structure and expression analysis of early auxin-responsive aux/iaa gene family in rice (oryza sativa).	auxin exerts pleiotropic effects on plant growth and development by regulating the expression of early auxin-responsive genes of auxin/indoleacetic acid (aux/iaa), small auxin-up rna, and gh3 classes. these genes have been studied extensively in dicots like soybean and arabidopsis. we had earlier characterized a cdna of the first monocot member of aux/iaa family from rice. the achievement of the large scale rice genome sequencing combined with the availability of full-length cdna sequences from ...	2006	16200395
a novel function of abscisic acid in the regulation of rice (oryza sativa l.) root growth and development.	plant roots retain developmental plasticity and respond to environmental stresses or exogenous plant growth regulators by undergoing profound morphological and physiological alteration. in this study, we investigated the effects of exogenous aba on root growth and development in taichung native 1 (tn1) rice. exogenous application of 10 microm aba leads to swelling, root hair formation and initiation of lateral root primodia in the tips of young, seminal rice roots. cortex cells increased in size ...	2006	16299003
fly ash effect on improving soil properties and rice productivity in korean paddy soils.	paddy soils in korea generally require the addition of si to enhance rice productivity. coal combustion fly ash, which has a high available si content and alkaline ph, was selected as a potential source of si in this study. two field experiments were carried out to evaluate rice (oryza sativa) productivity in silt loam and loamy sand soils to which 0, 40, 80, and 120 mg ha(-1) of fly ash were added with 2 mg ha(-1) si as a control. fly ash increased the soil ph and available si and p contents of ...	2006	16153826
oryza sativa l. husk as heavy metal adsorbent: optimization with lead as model solution.	the effects of initial concentration of lead, temperature, biomass loading and ph were investigated for an optimized condition of lead uptake from the aqueous solution. the optimization process was analyzed using central composite face-centered experimental design in response surface methodology (rsm) by design expert version 5.0.7 (statease, usa). the design was employed to derive a statistical model for the effect of parameters studied on the removal of lead ion from aqueous solution. the coef ...	2006	15963716
the serine carboxypeptidase like gene family of rice (oryza sativa l. ssp. japonica).	serine carboxypeptidases (scps) comprise a large family of protein hydrolyzing enzymes and have roles ranging from protein turnover and c-terminal processing to wound responses and xenobiotic metabolism. the proteins can be classified into three groups, namely carboxypeptidase i, ii and iii, based on their coding protein sequences and the fact that each family is characterized by a central catalytic domain of unique topology designated as the "alpha/beta hydrolase fold". the available scp protei ...	2006	15809843
the auxin-responsive gh3 gene family in rice (oryza sativa).	auxin regulates plant growth and development by altering the expression of diverse genes. among these, the genes of aux/iaa, saur, and gh3 classes have been extensively studied in dicots, but little information is available on monocots. we have identified 12 members of gh3 gene family in rice using sequences of full-length cdna clones available from kome and analysis of the whole genome sequence of rice. the genomic organization as well as chromosomal location of all the osgh3 genes is reported. ...	2006	15856348
accumulation and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in rice (oryza sativa).	various tissues of rice plants were sampled from a pah contaminated site in tianjin, china at different growth stages of the ripening period and analyzed for pahs. pahs were much higher in roots than in the exposed tissues. grains and internodes accumulated much smaller amounts of pahs than leaves, hulls or ear axes. no specific gradient trends along roots, stem, ear axes, and grains were observed, suggesting that systematic translocation among them is unlikely. over the ripening period, pah con ...	2006	16198033
nanostructural analysis of starch components by atomic force microscopy.	morphological and structural features of starch from potato (solanum tuberosa) and rice (oryza sativa) have been examined using atomic force microscopy. amylose from potato and rice was observed in aggregated structures, which are suggested to be a result of retrogradation during sample preparation. the degrees of polymerization of amylose from potato and rice starches were calculated from the mean contour lengths of the observed structures to be approximately 1440 and 1860, respectively. potato ...	2006	17204065
analysis of the phylogenetic relationships among several species of gramineae using acgm markers.	to study the transferability of rice (oryza sativa l.) genome data, we used amplified consensus genetic markers to analyze the phylogenetic relationships among several species and genera in gramineae. ten accessions representing five grass genera (oryza, zea, setaria, triticum, and phyllostachys) were used. according to the genetic distances, a cluster tree was constructed. the relationships among the five genera could be simply described as ((oryza + (zea +setaria)) +triticum) +phyllostachys. t ...	2006	17185173
ultrastructure and gene mapping of the albino mutant al12 in rice (oryza sativa l.).	seedling albino mutation resistant to low temperature is an adaptability of rice (oryza sativa l.) to cold. the mutant, a conditional expression controlled by development and temperature, differs from other albino mutants. the chlorophyll content of the mutant was measured using a portable chlorophyll meter, and the ultrastructure of the chloroplast was observed using a transmission electron microscope. chlorophyll content was 1.2 spad, and the chloroplast did not develop, with only small vesicl ...	2006	17185171
proteomic responses of rice young panicles to salinity.	rice (oryza sativa) is most sensitive to salinity during the reproductive stage. we employed a proteomic approach to further understand the mechanism of plant responses to salinity at an early reproductive stage. plants were grown in culture solution and salt stress imposed at panicle initiation. after 12 days of stress, young panicles were collected from control and salt stressed plants. the na+ and k+ content of panicle and several yield components changed significantly in response to short-te ...	2006	17163441
transgenic rice lines expressing maize c1 and r-s regulatory genes produce various flavonoids in the endosperm.	flavonoids, compounds that possess diverse health-promoting benefits, are lacking in the endosperm of rice. therefore, to develop transgenic lines that produce flavonoids, we transformed a white rice cultivar, oryza sativa japonica cv. hwa-young, with maize c1 and r-s regulatory genes. expression of these transgenes was restricted to the endosperm using the promoter of a rice prolamin gene. the pericarp of the c1/r-s homozygous lines became dark brown in accordance with their maternal genotype, ...	2006	17147636
isolation of stress responsive psb a gene from rice (oryza sativa l.) using differential display.	differential display (dd) experiments were performed on drought-tolerant rice (oryza sativa l.) genotype n22 to identify both upregulated and downregulated partial cdnas with respect to moisture stress. dna polymorphism was detected between drought-stressed and control leaf tissues on the dd gels. a partial cdna showing differential expression, with respect to moisture stress was isolated from the gel. northern blotting analysis was performed using this cdna as a probe and it was observed that m ...	2006	17133769
a sequence related to rice pong transposable element displays transcriptional activation by in vitro culture and reveals somaclonal variations in maize.	miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (mites) are nonautonomous elements that are abundant in plant genomes. the rice mite mping was shown to be mobilized by anther culture, and the associated transposon pong was shown to transpose actively in an oryza sativa 'indica' rice cell-culture line. we have identified 3 sequences in maize named zmtpapong-like 1, 2, and 3 that displayed homology with the transposase of pong. here, we show that these sequences are differentially expressed during ...	2006	17426755
the anti-photooxidation of anthocyanins-rich leaves of a purple rice cultivar.	in the leaf of rice (oryza sativa l.) cultivar yunnan purple rice, the anthocyanins with an obvious absorption peak at 530nm were distributed in the cells of upper and lower epidermis, bulliform tissue and bristle. the maximal photosynthetic oxygen evolution rate and chlorophyll content in flag leaves were 28% and 23%, respectively, more than the common green leaf rice cultivar chijiaoruanzhan. higher chlorophyll content is probably one of the physiological adaptations for enhancing light harves ...	2006	17312992
structural and functional analyses of the wheat genomes based on expressed sequence tags (ests) related to abiotic stresses.	to gain insights into the structure and function of the wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genomes, we identified 278 ests related to abiotic stress (cold, heat, drought, salinity, and aluminum) from 7671 ests previously mapped to wheat chromosomes. of the 278 abiotic stress related ests, 259 (811 loci) were assigned to chromosome deletion bins and analyzed for their distribution pattern among the 7 homoeologous chromosome groups. distribution of abiotic stress related est loci were not uniform throug ...	2006	17218960
in silico modeling and hydrogen peroxide binding study of rice catalase.	homology modeling of the catalase, catc cloned and sequenced from rice (oryza sativa l., cv ratna an indica cultivar) has been performed based on the crystal structure of the catalase catf (pdb code 1m7s) by using the software modeller. with the aid of molecular mechanics and molecular dynamics methods, the final model is obtained and is further assessed by procheck and verify - 3d graph, which show that the final refined model is reliable. with this model, a flexible docking study with the hydr ...	2006	17274773
function and diversification of mads-box genes in rice.	mads-box genes play critical roles in a number of developmental processes in flowering plants, such as specification of floral organ identity, control of flowering time, and regulation of fruit development. because of their crucial functions in flower development, diversification of the mads-box gene family has been suggested to be a major factor responsible for floral diversity during radiation of the flowering plants. inflorescences and flowers in the grass species have unique structures that ...	2006	17205197
molecular dissection of developmental behavior of tiller number and plant height and their relationship in rice (oryza sativa l.).	plant height and tiller number are two important characters related to yield in rice (oriza sativa l.). zhenshan97 x minghui63 recombinant inbred lines were employed to dissect the genetic basis of development of plant height and tiller number using conditional and unconditional composite interval mapping approaches. the traits were normally distributed with transgressive segregation in both directions. increasingly negative correlations were observed between tiller number and plant height at fi ...	2006	17362360
[nanoscale silicas in oryza sativa l. and their uv absorption].	to reveal the unique microstructure of silica in rice and its absorption of ultra violet, wet digestion was chosen to isolate silica bodies from rice leaves and bract according to the fact that concentrated acid cannot destroy glass made of sio2. a mixed solution of sulfuric and nitric acids was applied to the leaves and bract of rice, respectively. after keeping the treated samples in 60-70 "c water bath for 30 hours and times of washing and sedimentation in water, pure silica bodies were obtai ...	2006	17361739
interactions among endophytic bacteria and fungi: effects and potentials.	plants benefit extensively by harbouring endophytic microbes. they promote plant growth and confer enhanced resistance to various pathogens. however, the way the interactions among endophytes influence the plant productivity has not been explained. present study experimentally showed that endophytes isolated from rice (oryza sativa) used as the test plant produced two types of interactions; biofilms (bacteria attached to mycelia) and mixed cultures with no such attachments. acidity, as measured ...	2006	17301503
identification and mapping of expressed genes, simple sequence repeats and transposable elements in centromeric regions of rice chromosomes.	the genomic sequences derived from rice centromeric regions were analyzed to facilitate the comprehensive understanding of the rice genome. a rice centromere-specific satellite sequence, rcs2/trsd/cento, was used to screen p1-derived artificial chromosome (pac) and bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) genomic libraries derived from oryza sativa l. ssp. japonica cultivar nipponbare. physical maps of the centromeric regions were constructed by dna fingerprinting methods and the aligned clones wer ...	2006	17298954
[effect of free-air co2 enrichment (face) on leaf nitrate reductase activity of oryza sativa l. cultivar wuxianjing 14].	with the target co2 concentration of face plots being 200 micromol x mol(-1) above that in ambient air, this paper studied the effect of free-air co2 enrichment (face) on leaf nitrate reductase activity (nra) of oryza sativa l. cultivar wuxianjing 14. the results showed that face obviously increased the nra of functional leaves at all growth stages, with an average increment of 50%, 20%, 60%, 80% and 30% at the stages of jointing, booting, heading, 10 after heading, and 20 days after heading, re ...	2006	17269350
computational identification of novel pr-1-type genes in oryza sativa.		2006	17406093
increase in cpd photolyase activity functions effectively to prevent growth inhibition caused by uvb radiation.	rice cultivars vary widely in their sensitivity to ultraviolet b (uvb) and this has been correlated with cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (cpd) photolyase mutations that alter the structure/function of this photorepair enzyme. here, we tested whether cpd photolyase function determines the uvb sensitivity of rice (oryza sativa) by generating transgenic rice plants bearing the cpd photolyase gene of the uv-resistant rice cultivar sasanishiki in the sense orientation (s-b and s-c lines) or the antisens ...	2007	17397507
proteome and phosphoproteome differential expression under salinity stress in rice (oryza sativa) roots.	salinity stress is a major abiotic stress that limits agriculture productivity worldwide. rice is a model plant of monocotyledons, including cereal crops. studies have suggested a critical role of protein phosphorylation in salt stress response in plants. however, the phosphoproteome in rice, particularly under salinity stress, has not been well studied. here, we use pro-q diamond phosphoprotein stain to study rice phosphoproteome differential expression under salt stress. seventeen differential ...	2007	17385905
a multiresidue method for the analysis of pesticide residues in polished rice (oryza sativa l.) using accelerated solvent extraction and gas chromatography and confirmation by mass spectrometry.	an analytical procedure using accelerated solvent extraction and gas chromatography with an electron capture detector has been optimized to simultaneously determine the residue of two insecticides (diazinon and epn) and one fungicide (isoprothiolane) in polished rice and was confirmed by gc-mass spectrometry. several parameters, including temperature, pressure, solvent ratio, cell size and cell cycle, were thoroughly investigated to find the optimal extraction conditions. the average recoveries ...	2007	17385804
comprehensive expression profiling of rice grain filling-related genes under high temperature using dna microarray.	to elucidate the effect of high temperature on grain-filling metabolism, developing rice (oryza sativa) "nipponbare" caryopses were exposed to high temperature (33 degrees c/28 degrees c) or control temperature (25 degrees c/20 degrees c) during the milky stage. comprehensive gene screening by a 22-k dna microarray and differential hybridization, followed by expression analysis by semiquantitative reverse transcription-pcr, revealed that several starch synthesis-related genes, such as granule-bo ...	2007	17384160
saturated humidity accelerates lateral root development in rice (oryza sativa l.) seedlings by increasing phloem-based auxin transport.	auxin transport plays a significant role modifying plant growth and development in response to environmental signals such as light and gravity. however, the effect of humidity on auxin transport is rarely documented. it is shown here that the transport of labelled indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) from the shoot to the root is accelerated in rice (oryza sativa l. ssp. indica cv. ir8) seedlings grown under saturated humidity (sh-seedlings) compared with plants grown under normal humidity (nh-seedlings). ...	2007	17383991
analysis of the barley chromosome 2 region containing the six-rowed spike gene vrs1 reveals a breakdown of rice-barley micro collinearity by a transposition.	in cultivated barley (hordeum vulgare ssp. vulgare), six-rowed spikes produce three times as many seeds per spike as do two-rowed spikes. the determinant of this trait is the mendelian gene vrs1, located on chromosome 2h, which is syntenous with rice (oryza sativa) chromosomes 4 and 7. we exploited barley-rice micro-synteny to increase marker density in the vrs1 region as a prelude to its map-based cloning. the rice genomic sequence, covering a 980 kb contig, identified barley ests linked to vrs ...	2007	17375281
assessment of reclaimed wastewater irrigation impacts on water quality, soil, and rice cultivation in paddy fields.	the objective of this research was to monitor and assess the impact of reclaimed wastewater irrigation on water quality, soil, and rice cultivation by comparing the effects of various wastewater treatment levels on the growth and yield of rice. a randomized complete block design was used for the application methods of the wastewater effluents to paddy rice, with five treatments and six replications. the treatments were: control with groundwater irrigation (gw); irrigation with polluted water for ...	2007	17365313
cloning and sequence analysis of germin-like protein gene 2 promoter from oryza sativa l. ssp. indica.	germin and germin-like proteins (glps) are water soluble extracellular proteins reportedly expressed in response to some environmental and developmental signals. some enzymatic activities have also been associated with germin/glps. however, their role in overall metabolism has not been fully understood. significant insight into their function may also be gained by analysis of their promoter. during this study, about 1107 bp 5'region of osrglp2 gene was amplified, cloned and sequenced. the sequen ...	2007	17364810
capillary electrophoresis is essential for microsatellite marker based detection and quantification of adulteration of basmati rice (oryza sativa).	microsatellite markers are employed for genotyping of basmati varieties and assaying purity of market samples. however, employment of diverse electrophoresis techniques across laboratories has resulted in inconsistent allele sizes, creating doubts about the suitability of the assay. this study evaluated agarose gel electrophoresis, slab gel electrophoresis, and capillary electrophoresis techniques for their efficiency in the detection and quantification of adulteration in basmati samples. compar ...	2007	17867634
[strategies and progresses on cereal comparative genomics].	with the completion of the model plant genome sequencing projects such as arabidopsis and rice (oryza sativa l.), comparative genomics has been developed rapidly in recent years. as a new branch of science, this technique has offered a new approach for studying plant genome evolution, structure and function. in this paper, the research strategies, such as comparative genetic mapping, microcollinearity study in gene structure, comparative research on the ests and proteins, comparative qtl mapping ...	2007	17855253
identification and characterization of a major qtl responsible for erect panicle trait in japonica rice (oryza sativa l.).	panicle erectness (pe) is one of the most important traits for high-yielding japonica cultivars. although several cultivars with pe trait have been developed and released for commercial production in china, there is little information on the inheritance of pe traits in rice. in the present study, 69 widely cultivated japonica cultivars and a double haploid (dh) population derived from a cross between a pe cultivar (wuyunjing 8) and a drooping panicle cultivar (nongken 57) were utilized to elucid ...	2007	17851647
the origins of weedy rice.	where do weeds come from? how do they evolve from nonweedy ancestors? in this issue of molecular ecology, londo and schaal examine the origin of weedy rice (oryza sativa) populations in the usa. analysing nuclear dna sequence and microsatellite data, they show the importance of parallel evolution, hybridization, gene flow, and migration in the evolution of these weeds.	2007	17850268
quantitative trait loci mapping of resistance to laodelphax striatellus (homoptera: delphacidae) in rice using recombinant inbred lines.	laodelphax striatellus fallén (homoptera: delphacidae), is a serious pest in rice, oryza sativa l., production. a mapping population consisting of 81 recombinant inbred lines (rils), derived from a cross between japonica' kinmaze' and indica' dv85' rice, was used to detect quantitative trait loci (qtls) for the resistance to l. striatellus. seedbox screening test (sst), antixenosis test, and antibiosis test were used to evaluate the resistance response of the two parents and 81 rils to l. striat ...	2007	17849901