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clinical and microbiological characteristics of community-acquired pneumonia among human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in northern thailand.human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infections are prevalent in thailand. however, the clinical and microbiological characteristics of community-acquired pneumonia (cap) in such patients are not completely clear at present. in the present study, we analyzed the characteristics of cap in 191 hiv-infected patients (192 episodes, 130 males and 61 females, mean age 32.9 years, range: 20-62) who had been admitted to nakornping hospital in northern thailand between december 1996 and january 2002. the m ...200818622672
evolution of the rhodococcus equi vap pathogenicity island seen through comparison of host-associated vapa and vapb virulence plasmids.the pathogenic actinomycete rhodococcus equi harbors different types of virulence plasmids associated with specific nonhuman hosts. we determined the complete dna sequence of a vapb(+) plasmid, typically associated with pig isolates, and compared it with that of the horse-specific vapa(+) plasmid type. pvapb1593, a circular 79,251-bp element, had the same housekeeping backbone as the vapa(+) plasmid but differed over an approximately 22-kb region. this variable region encompassed the vap pathoge ...200818606735
[alkb homologues in thermophilic bacteria of the genus geobacillus].screening of alkane hydroxylase genes (alkb) was performed in the thermophilic aerobic bacteria of the genus geobacillus. total dna was extracted from the biomass of 11 strains grown on the mixture of saturated c10-c20 hydrocarbons, pcr amplification of fragments of alkb genes was performed with degenerate oligonucleotide primers, pcr products were cloned and sequenced. for the first time in the genome of thermophilic bacteria the presence of a set of alkb gene homologues was revealed. the strai ...200818610833
rapid detection of microorganisms with nanoparticles and electron microscopy.rapid detection of microorganisms is highly desirable. a procedure has been developed based on interactions between gold nanoparticles and proteins of microorganisms (escherichia coli, rhodococcus rhodochrous, and candida sp.) followed by scanning electron microscopy (sem). the nanoparticle-cell interaction was confirmed by ultraviolet resonance raman spectroscopy (uvrs) in the sem focus. cell suspensions in a buffer were interacted with gold nanoparticles (<10 nm in diameter) prepared from tetr ...200818570338
effects of nicotinamide and riboflavin on the biodesulfurization activity of dibenzothiophene by rhodococcus erythropolis ustb-03.rhodococcus erythropolis ustb-03 is a promising bacterial strain for the biodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene (dbt) via a sulfur-specific pathway in which dbt is converted to 2-hydroxybiphenyl (2hbp) as an end product. the effects of nicotinamide and riboflavin on the sulfur specific activity (sa) of dbt biodesulfurization by r. erythropolis ustb-03 were investigated. both nicotinamide and riboflavin were found to enhance the expression of sa, which was not previously reported. when r. erythro ...200818575116
cloning and expression of the l-1-amino-2-propanol dehydrogenase gene from rhodococcus erythropolis, and its application to double chiral compound production.the gene encoding nadp(+)-dependent l-1-amino-2-propanol dehydrogenase (aadh) of rhodococcus erythropolis mak154 was cloned and sequenced. a 780-bp nucleotide fragment was confirmed to be the gene encoding aadh by agreement of the n-terminal and internal amino acid sequences of the purified aadh. the gene (aadh) codes a total of 259 amino acid residues, and the deduced amino acid sequence shows similarity to several short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase family proteins. an expression vector, pkkaa ...200818584170
purification, characterization, and substrate specificity of two 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl 1,2-dioxygenase from rhodococcus sp. r04, showing their distinct stability at various temperature.the genes of two 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl 1,2-dioxygenases (bphc1 and bphc2) were obtained from the gene library of rhodococcus sp. r04. the enzymes have been purified to apparent electrophoretic homogeneity from the cell extracts of the recombinant harboring bphc1 and bphc2. both bphc1 and bphc2 were hexamers, consisting of six subunits of 35 and 33 kda as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, respectively. the enzymes had similar optimal ph (ph 9.0), but differe ...200818585431
degradation of quinoline by rhodococcus sp. ql2 isolated from activated sludge.a novel aerobic gram-positive bacterial strain capable of utilizing quinoline as sole source of carbon, nitrogen and energy was isolated from activated sludge of a coke plant wastewater treatment process. the isolate was identified as rhodococcus sp. ql2 based on its morphology, physiochemical properties in addition to the results from 16s rdna sequence analysis. the optimum temperature and the ph for its growth were 35-40 degrees c and 8.0, respectively. extra nitrogen sources stimulated the ba ...200818420344
a novel lipopeptide produced by a pacific ocean deep-sea bacterium, rhodococcus sp. tw53.our goal was to find a novel, biosurfactant-producing bacterium from pacific ocean deep-sea sediments.200818422956
chimeric vapa/groel2 dna vaccines enhance clearance of rhodococcus equi in aerosol challenged c3h/he mice.rhodococcus equi remains a significant bacterial pathogen, causing severe pyogranulomatous pneumonia in foals aged 1-3 months. there is no effective vaccine currently available for the prevention of r. equi pneumonia. dna vaccines are known to offer specific advantages over conventional vaccines. the aim of this study was to demonstrate efficacy of our recombinant dna vaccine candidates, namely pcdna3-re1, pcdna3-re3 and pcdna3-re5 by combining a heat shock protein groel2 to a virulence-associat ...200818423949
two angular dioxygenases contribute to the metabolic versatility of dibenzofuran-degrading rhodococcus sp. strain ha01.rhodococcus sp. strain ha01, isolated through its ability to utilize dibenzofuran (dbf) as the sole carbon and energy source, was also capable, albeit with low activity, of transforming dibenzo-p-dioxin (dd). this strain could also transform 3-chlorodibenzofuran (3cdbf), mainly by angular oxygenation at the ether bond-carrying carbon (the angular position) and an adjacent carbon atom, to 4-chlorosalicylate as the end product. similarly, 2-chlorodibenzofuran (2cdbf) was transformed to 5-chlorosal ...200818441103
[isolation, identification and biodegradation characteristics of a bacterial strain able to degrade nonylphenol].a bacteria strain f-10 was isolated from activated carbon, which was processed with sand filtered water from songhua river for a long time, pre-oxidized with ozone, ppc and ferrate. the bacterial strain was capable of utilizing nonylphenol (np) as sole carbon source and identified as rhodococcus erythropolis with the sherlock microbial identification system (mis) from the midi corporation. the optimal conditions for np biodegradation in the shaking flasks were at 30 degrees c and ph 6.0. under t ...200818441946
detection and identification of bacteria intimately associated with fungi of the order sebacinales.because of their beneficial impact on plants, the highly diverse mycorrhizal fungi grouped in the order sebacinales lay claim to high ecological and agricultural significance. here, we describe for the first time associations of sebacinoid members with bacteria. using quantitative pcr, denaturating gradient gel electrophoresis and fluorescence in situ hybridization, we detected an intimate association between piriformospora indica and rhizobium radiobacter, an alpha-proteobacterium. the stabilit ...200818637023
[change of oil-degrading activity in microorganisms stored under laboratory conditions].change of the oil-degrading activity was studied in psychrophilic microbial strains rhodococcus spp. ds-07, ds-21 and pseudomonas spp. ds-09, ds-22 maintained on various media: rich and synthetic with a selective agent. after 2.5 years of storage on rich medium, the oil-degrading activity decreased by 50-60%, whereas this decrease was insignificant in the medium with oil. passages to selective medium with oil after the storage partly restored the activity. it was found that storage of oil-degrad ...200818663955
[study on the lake baikal microbial community in the areas of the natural oil seeps].we studied the composition of a natural microbial community, the distribution of different groups of microorganisms (including those able to degrade oil hydrocarbons) within the areas of natural oil seeps in the lake baikal. it was revealed that, in the bottom sediments, the oil-degrading microorganisms dominating the community have included the bacteria of g. bacillus, while in the water column, dominating microbes are presented by species of genera rhodococcus pseudomonas, and micrococcus. und ...200818663956
cloning and characterization of a gene involved in triacylglycerol biosynthesis and identification of additional homologous genes in the oleaginous bacterium rhodococcus opacus pd630.the oleaginous bacterium rhodococus opacus strain pd630 serves as a model organism to investigate the metabolism of storage triacylglycerols (tags) in bacteria. the key enzyme catalysing the last step of tag biosynthesis in bacteria is a promiscuous acyltransferase (atf), exhibiting acyl-coa acyltransferase activity to both diacylglycerols (dgat activity) and fatty alcohols (wax ester synthase, ws activity). an 800 bp pcr product was obtained from chromosomal dna of strain pd630 by using degener ...200818667565
[surfactant production by the rhodococcus erythropolis sh-5 bacterium grown on various carbon sources].it has been shown that the rhodococcus erythropolis sh-5 strain can produce surfactants associated and not associated with the cell wall. their content depends on medium composition, the nature of the carbon source, and oxygen supply. the highest biosurfactant (biosf) yield is achieved by growing r. erythropolis sh-5 in medium with 2% kerosene at neutral ph. it has been found that the biosf yield and emulsification index for various hydrocarbons depend on the kind of the nitrogen source used by ...200818669264
adp competes with fad binding in putrescine oxidase.putrescine oxidase from rhodococcus erythropolis ncimb 11540 (puo(rh)) is a soluble homodimeric flavoprotein of 100 kda, which catalyzes the oxidative deamination of putrescine and some other aliphatic amines. the initial characterization of puo(rh) uncovered an intriguing feature: the enzyme appeared to contain only one noncovalently bound fad cofactor per dimer. here we show that this low fad/protein ratio is the result of tight binding of adp, thereby competing with fad binding. ms analysis r ...200818678871
site-specific integration of streptomyces phic31 integrase-based vectors in the chromosome of rhodococcus equi.streptomyces phic31-based site-specific integration was used to transform the facultative intracellular pathogen rhodococcus equi. the transformation efficiency of vectors incorporating the phic31 integrase and attp sites was comparable to that of replication plasmids using the same electroporation procedure. a single attb integration site was identified within an orf encoding a pirin-like protein, which deviates slightly from the consensus sequence of streptomyces attb sites. vector integration ...200818680524
novel methylotrophic bacteria isolated from the river thames (london, uk).enrichment and elective culture for methylotrophs from sediment of the river thames in central london yielded a diversity of pure cultures representing several genera of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, which were mainly of organisms not generally regarded as typically methylotrophic. substrates leading to successful isolations included methanol, monomethylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, methanesulfonate and dimethylsulfone. several isolates were studied in detail and shown by the ...200818681896
the screening, characterization, and use of omega-laurolactam hydrolase: a new enzymatic synthesis of 12-aminolauric acid.several omega-laurolactam degrading microorganisms were isolated from soil samples. these strains were capable of growing in a medium containing omega-laurolactam as sole source of carbon and nitrogen. among them, five strains (t7, t31, u124, u224, and u238) were identified as cupriavidus sp. t7, acidovorax sp. t31, cupriavidus sp. u124, rhodococcus sp. u224, and sphingomonas sp. u238, respectively. the omega-laurolactam hydrolyzing enzyme from rhodococcus sp. u224 was purified to homogeneity, a ...200818685217
bacterial metabolism of polychlorinated biphenyls.microbial metabolism is responsible for the removal of persistent organic pollutants including pcbs from the environment. anaerobic dehalogenation of highly chlorinated congeners in aquatic sediments is an important process, and recent evidence has indicated that dehalococcoides and related organisms are predominantly responsible for this process. such anaerobic dehalogenation generates lower chlorinated congeners which are easily degraded aerobically by enzymes of the biphenyl upper pathway (bp ...200818685266
a refinery sludge deposition site: presence of nahh and alkj genes and crude oil biodegradation ability of bacterial isolates.204 bacterial isolates from four greek refinery sludge deposition sites were investigated for the presence of nahh and alkj genes encoding key enzymes of both aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbon degradation pathways by pcr and dna hybridisation. members of pseudomonas, acinetobacter, bacillus, rhodococcus and arthrobacter play important role in bioremediation processes in sandy/loam soil contaminated with oil and nahh and alkj genes were present in the 73% of the isolates. consortia of bacterial ...200818688575
[images in medicine. cavitary pneumonia due to rhodococcus equi in a patient with aids]. 200818689156
interactions of a rhodococcus sp. biosurfactant trehalose lipid with phosphatidylethanolamine membranes.trehalose lipids are an important group of glycolipid biosurfasctants mainly produced by rhodococci. beside their known industrial applications, there is an increasing interest in the use of these biosurfactants as therapeutic agents. we have purified a trehalose lipid from rhodococcus sp. and made a detailed study of the effect of the glycolipid on the thermotropic and structural properties of phosphatidylethanolamine membranes of different chain length and saturation, using differential scanni ...200818706388
rhodococcus equi infection in a patient with spinocellular carcinoma of unknown origin.a rhodococcus equi pulmonary infection in a 63-year-old man receiving chemotherapy and radiotherapy for spinocellular carcinoma is described. the patient, a knife-grinder, was promptly treated with levofloxacin plus amikacin followed by rifampicin for 2 months, and he is still in good clinical condition after an 8-month follow-up.200818927425
[diversity of actinomycetes in wuling mountain].to isolate new actinomycetes for discovering compounds of pharmaceutical importance.200818837376
novel catalytic activity of nitrile hydratase from rhodococcus sp. n771.nitrile hydratase (nhase) from rhodococcus sp. n771 is a non-heme iron enzyme catalyzing the hydration of various nitriles to the corresponding amides. we report a novel catalytic activity of nhase. when nhase was incubated with an large excess of commercially available isovaleronitrile, the charge transfer band from the sulfur ligand to the fe atom shifted from 710 nm to 820 nm, but recovered within 4 min. similar uv-vis absorption changes were observed after the addition of isobutylisonitrile ...200818804061
expression of rhodococcus opacus alkb genes in anhydrous organic solvents.rhodococcus opacus b-4 is a benzene-tolerant bacterium which was isolated from a gasoline-contaminated soil sample. we previously demonstrated that this organism was able to survive and exhibit biocatalytic activity in anhydrous organic solvents for at least 5 d. in the present study, we cloned the alkb1 and alkb2 genes encoding alkane hydroxylases from r. opacus b-4. heterologous expression of the alkb1 and alkb2 genes in escherichia coli jm109 showed that they encode functional alkane hydroxyl ...200818804065
mechanism of 4-nitrophenol oxidation in rhodococcus sp. strain pn1: characterization of the two-component 4-nitrophenol hydroxylase and regulation of its expression.4-nitrophenol (4-np) is a toxic product of the hydrolysis of organophosphorus pesticides such as parathion in soil. rhodococcus sp. strain pn1 degrades 4-np via 4-nitrocatechol (4-nc) for use as the sole carbon, nitrogen, and energy source. a 5-kb ecori dna fragment previously cloned from pn1 contained a gene cluster (nphra1a2) involved in 4-np oxidation. from sequence analysis, this gene cluster is expected to encode an arac/xyls family regulatory protein (nphr) and a two-component 4-np hydroxy ...200818805976
discovery of posttranslational maturation by self-subunit swapping.several general mechanisms of metallocenter biosynthesis have been reported and reviewed, and in all cases, the components or subunits of an apoprotein remain in the final holoprotein. here, we first discovered that one subunit of an apoenzyme did not remain in the functional holoenzyme. the cobalt-containing low-molecular-mass nitrile hydratase (l-nhase) of rhodococcus rhodochrous j1 consists of beta- and alpha-subunits encoded by the nhlba genes, respectively. an orf, nhle, just downstream of ...200818809911
catalytic mechanism of nitrile hydratase proposed by time-resolved x-ray crystallography using a novel substrate, tert-butylisonitrile.nitrile hydratases (nhases) have an unusual iron or cobalt catalytic center with two oxidized cysteine ligands, cysteine-sulfinic acid and cysteine-sulfenic acid, catalyzing the hydration of nitriles to amides. recently, we found that the nhase of rhodococcus erythropolis n771 exhibited an additional catalytic activity, converting tert-butylisonitrile (tbunc) to tert-butylamine. taking advantage of the slow reactivity of tbunc and the photoreactivity of nitrosylated nhase, we present the first s ...200818948265
the actinobacterial mce4 locus encodes a steroid transporter.bioinformatic analyses have suggested that mce proteins in diverse actinobacteria are components of complex atp-binding cassette transporter systems, comprising more than eight distinct proteins. in mycobacterium tuberculosis, these proteins are implicated in interactions of this deadly pathogen with its human host. here, we provide direct evidence that the mce4 system of rhodococcus jostii rha1 is a steroid uptake system. transcriptional analyses indicate that the system is encoded by an 11-gen ...200818955493
if the rumor is tumor, the issue is tissue. 200818981853
assessing soil microbial populations responding to crude-oil amendment at different temperatures using phylogenetic, functional gene (alkb) and physiological analyses.the effect of temperature as a determinant for selecting microbial populations associated with alkane-degradation was examined in crude oil-amended soil microcosms. after a 30-day incubation, >95% of n-alkane components in the crude-oil were depleted and approximately 40 and 60% of added [14c] hexadecane was converted to 14co2 at 4-10 and 25 degrees c, respectively. concomitant with crude-oil depletion, 16s rrna gene sequence analysis revealed the emergence of a prominent rhodococcus-like 16s rr ...200818983078
a novel method to generate unmarked gene deletions in the intracellular pathogen rhodococcus equi using 5-fluorocytosine conditional lethality.a novel method to efficiently generate unmarked in-frame gene deletions in rhodococcus equi was developed, exploiting the cytotoxic effect of 5-fluorocytosine (5-fc) by the action of cytosine deaminase (cd) and uracil phosphoribosyltransferase (uprt) enzymes. the opportunistic, intracellular pathogen r. equi is resistant to high concentrations of 5-fc. introduction of escherichia coli genes encoding cd and uprt conferred conditional lethality to r. equi cells incubated with 5-fc. to exemplify th ...200818984616
a comparison of various methods to predict bacterial predilection for organic solvents used as reaction media.bacterial predilection for organic solvents is important in whole-cell biocatalysis in organic media. although various methods of measuring bacterial hydrophobicity have been proposed, it is not fully determined whether they are applicable to the assessment of bacterial predilection for organic solvents in whole-cell biocatalytic processes. in this study, bacterial predilection for organic solvents was assessed by bacterial adhesion to hydrocarbon (bath), contact angle measurement (cam), hydroph ...200819000611
fate of the nitrilotriacetic acid-fe(iii) complex during photodegradation and biodegradation by rhodococcus rhodochrous.aminopolycarboxylic acids are ubiquitous in natural waters and wastewaters. they have the ability to form very stable water-soluble complexes with many metallic di- or trivalent ions. the iron complex nitrilotriacetic acid-fe(iii) (fenta) has been previously shown to increase drastically the rate of photo- and biodegradation of 2-aminobenzothiazole, an organic pollutant, by rhodococcus rhodochrous. for this paper, the fate of fenta was investigated during these degradation processes. first, it w ...200818757580
trisindoline synthesis and anticancer activity.expression of a rhodococcus-derived oxygenase gene in escherichia coli yielded indigo metabolites with cytotoxic activity against cancer cells. bioactivity-guided fractionation of these indigo metabolites led to the isolation of trisindoline as the agent responsible for the observed in vitro cytotoxic activity against cancer cells. while the cytotoxicity of etoposide, a common anticancer drug, was dramatically decreased in multidrug-resistant (mdr) cancer cells compared with treatment of parenta ...200818760995
update and actual trends on bacterial infections following liver transplantation.recent advances in effective antimicrobial prophylactic strategies have led to a decline in the incidence of opportunistic infections in liver transplant recipients. however, morbidity and mortality due to infectious diseases remain as major problems. bacterial infections occurring early after transplant are mainly related to the technical aspects of the procedure. by contrast, after the first postoperative days and beyond, the nature and variety of infectious complications change. opportunistic ...200818763277
optimization of nutrient component for diesel oil degradation by rhodococcus erythropolis.a novel bacterium t7-2 was isolated from the oil-polluted sea-bed mud of bohai sea, northern china, which can degrade diesel oil at 15 degrees c. this bacterium was identified as a strain of rhodococcus erythropolis according to its 16s rdna gene. in order to enhance degradation efficiency, a five-level, three-factor central composite design was employed to optimize the nutrition supplied to artificial seawater. the results indicate that a supplement of 2.53 g (nh(4))(2)so(4)l(-1), 2.75 g na(2)h ...200818778839
hydrophobic bacteria at the hexadecane-water interface: examination of micrometre-scale interfacial properties.hydrophobic bacteria, like colloidal solids, can spontaneously adsorb onto fluid-fluid interfaces and modify their mechanical properties. in this study, two strains of bacteria--acinetobacter venetianus rag-1 and rhodococcus erythropolis 20s-e1-c--were prepared in their stationary (i.e. non-dividing) phase in the absence of biosurfactants; the cells were then used as emulsifiers to stabilize n-hexadecane droplets in aqueous environments. using the micropipette technique, colloidal stability of t ...200818778923
crystal structure of sco6571 from streptomyces coelicolor a3(2).sco6571 protein from streptomyces coelicolor a3(2) was overexpressed and purified using rhodococcus erythropolis as an expressing host. crystals of selenomethionine-substituted sco6571 have been obtained by vapor diffusion method. sco6571 crystals diffract to 2.3 a and were found to belong to the orthorhombic space group p2(1)2(1)2(1) with unit cell parameters a = 84.5, b = 171.6, c = 184.8 a. six molecules in the asymmetric unit give a crystal volume per protein mass (v(m)) of 2.97 a (3) da(-1) ...200818782066
degradation of various alkyl ethers by alkyl ether-degrading actinobacteria isolated from activated sludge of a mixed wastewater treatment.various substrate specificity groups of alkyl ether (ae)-degrading actinobacteria coexisted in activated sewage sludge of a mixed wastewater treatment. there were substrate niche overlaps including diethyl ether between linear ae- and cyclic ae-degrading strains and phenetole between monoalkoxybenzene- and linear ae-degrading strains. representatives of each group showed different substrate specificities and degradation pathways for the preferred substrates. determining the rates of initial reac ...200818783815
microtitre plate assay for biofilm formation, production and utilization of hydroxybiphenyl by rhodococcus sp. isolated from gasoline-contaminated soil.gasoline-contaminated soil from isfahan, iran was selected to isolate a bacterium capable of desulfurizing dibenzothiophene (dbt). the isolated strain was named r1 and identified as rhodococcus erythropolis through biochemical tests as well as sequencing of 16s rrna gene. this strain could efficiently produce 2-hydroxybiphenyl (hbp) from dbt via the 4s metabolic pathway. the highest hbp amount was produced at 2 mm dbt with addition of glucose (10 g l(-1)), ethanol (3 g l(-1)), glycerol (2 g l(-1 ...200818811008
single nucleotide polymorphisms of interleukin-1 beta related genes and their associations with infection in the horse.in previous work, we found significant associations of horse chromosome 15 (eca15) microsatellite markers hmso1 and htg06 with two horse infections, rhodococcus equi and lawsonia intracellularis, respectively. interleukin-1 beta subunit and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist encoding genes (il1b and il1rn) could be considered as candidate genes underlying the associations reported. therefore, we identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) within three interleukin-1 beta functionally related ...200818817325
lack of galectin-3 alters the balance of innate immune cytokines and confers resistance to rhodococcus equi infection.galectin-3 is a beta-galactoside-binding lectin implicated in the fine-tuning of innate immunity. rhodococcus equi, a facultative intracellular bacterium of macrophages, causes severe granulomatous bronchopneumonia in young horses and immunocompromised humans. the aim of this study is to investigate the role of galectin-3 in the innate resistance mechanism against r. equi infection. the bacterial challenge of galectin-3-deficient mice (gal3-/-) and their wild-type counterpart (gal3+/+) revealed ...200818825751
serotypes of rhodococcus equi isolated from horses, immunocompromised human patients and soil in hungary.two hundred and twelve rhodococcus equi strains were isolated from soil, nasal and rectal swabs of horses and immunocompromised human patients in hungary and serotyped using prescott's serotyping system. one hundred and forty-seven strains (69.3%) belonged to serotype 1, 22 strains (10.4%) to serotype 2, 6 strains (2.8%) to serotype 3 and 1 strain (0.5%) to serotype 4. serotypes 5, 6 and 7 were not found and 36 strains (17%) could not be typed. serotype 1 (72%) was the type most commonly isolate ...200818828479
distinct specificities of mycobacterium tuberculosis and mammalian proteasomes for n-acetyl tripeptide substrates.the proteasome of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) is a validated and drug-treatable target for therapeutics. to lay ground-work for developing peptide-based inhibitors with a useful degree of selectivity for the mtb proteasome over those of the host, we used a library of 5,920 n-acetyl tripeptide-aminomethylcoumarins to contrast the substrate preferences of the recombinant mtb proteasome wild type and open gate mutant, the rhodococcus erythropolis proteasome, and the bovine proteasome with acti ...200818829465
characterization of a mycothiol ligase mutant of rhodococcus jostii rha1.mycothiol (1d-myo-inosityl 2-[n-acetyl-l-cysteinyl]amido-2-deoxy-alpha-d-glucopyranoside) is an important microbial thiol present only in actinomycetes. rhodococcus jostii rha1 degrades a wide range of xenobiotics, including polychlorinated biphenyls, nitriles and n-nitrosodimethylamine. analyses revealed that this strain produces two thiols, mycothiol and ergothioneine, found in the other actinomycetes. a mycothiol ligase mutant strain of r. jostii rha1 deficient in the production of mycothiol ...200818832026
mutual modulation between interleukin-10 and interleukin-6 induced by rhodococcus aurantiacus infection in mice.the interaction between interleukin-10 (il-10) and interleukin-6 (il-6) was investigated in the inflammatory response to rhodococcus aurantiacus (r. aurantiacus) infection, in which both cytokines act as anti-inflammatory cytokines. compared with wild-type (wt) counterparts, il-6 gene-deficient (il-6(-)/(-)) mice mounted a more robust production of il-10 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) during the initial phase of infection. administration of anti-il-10 antibody resulted in all the mi ...200818834949
characterization of a second rhodococcus erythropolis sq1 3-ketosteroid 9alpha-hydroxylase activity comprising a terminal oxygenase homologue, ksha2, active with oxygenase-reductase component kshb.previously we have characterized 3-ketosteroid 9alpha-hydroxylase (ksh), a key enzyme in microbial steroid degradation in rhodococcus erythropolis strain sq1, as a two-component iron-sulfur monooxygenase, comprised of the terminal oxygenase component ksha1 and the oxygenase-reductase component kshb. deletion of the ksha1 gene resulted in the loss of the ability of mutant strain rg2 to grow on the steroid substrate 4-androstene-3,17-dione (ad). here we report characteristics of a close ksha1 homo ...200818836008
optimization of crucial reaction conditions for the production of nicotinamide by nitrile hydratase using response surface methodology.the reaction conditions for the nicotinamide production by rhodococcus erythropolis mtcc 1526 have been optimized by statistical experimental design. application of this approach in the bioprocess can result in rallied product yield, reduced development time, and process variability. in this investigation, response surface methodology and central composite design were employed to predict the levels of variables such as reaction ph (6.5, 7, and 7.5), temperature (15, 20, and 25 degrees c), cell c ...200818975144
[effect of inoculum quality on synthesis of surface active substances of rhodococcus erythropolis ek-1].it was established that the highest indices of synthesis of active substances (sas) were studied in case of using inoculums (with 10% concentration), that was taken in the middle of exponential phase of the culture growth. the duration of cultivation was three times less, the conditional concentration of sas reached the highest level in case of such way of inoculums preparation, fractional addition of substratum (hexadecane) and concentration of dissolved oxygen in the cultivation media being on ...200819044006
the polymer physics and chemistry of microbial cell attachment and adhesion.the attachment of microbial cells to solid substrata is a primary ecological strategy for the survival of species and the development of specific activity and function within communities. an hypothesis arising from a biological sciences perspective may be stated as follows: the attachment of microbes to interfaces is controlled by the macromolecular structure of the cell wall and the functional genes that are induced for its biological synthesis. following logically from this is the view that di ...200819048992
a novel nucleoside kinase from burkholderia thailandensis: a member of the phosphofructokinase b-type family of enzymes.the genome of the mesophilic gram-negative bacterium burkholderia thailandensis contains an open reading frame (i.e. the bth_i1158 gene) that has been annotated as a putative ribokinase and pfk-b family member. notably, although the deduced amino acid sequence of the gene showed only 29% similarity to the recently identified nucleoside kinase from hyperthermophilic archaea methanocaldococcus jannaschii, 15 of 17 residues reportedly involved in the catalytic activity of m. jannaschii nucleoside k ...200819021762
evaluation of toluene degradation pathways by two-dimensional stable isotope fractionation.toluene degradation by several pure and mixed microbial cultures was investigated bytwo-dimensional compound specific isotope analysis (2d-csia). for most of the cultures, the respective toluene degradation pathway and toluene attacking enzymatic step was known. the slope of the linear regression for hydrogen (delta delta(2)h) vs. carbon (delta delta(13)c) discrimination (lamda = delta delta(2)h/ delta delta(13)c approximately epsilonh(bulk)/epsilonc(bulk)) was determined in order to characteriz ...200819031862
biodegradation of methyl tert-butyl ether using bacterial strains.prospective methyl tert-butyl ether (mtbe) degrading bacterial strains and/or consortia were identified. the potential for aerobic degradation of mtbe was examined using bacterial isolates from contaminated soils and groundwater. using the 16s rdna protocol, two isolates capable of degrading mtbe (rhodococcus pyridinivorans 4a and achromobacter xylosoxidans 6a) were identified. the most efficient consortium of microorganisms was acquired from contaminated groundwater. the growth of both strains ...200819085075
bioremediation potential of a tropical soil contaminated with a mixture of crude oil and production water.a typical tropical soil from the northeast of brazil, where an important terrestrial oil field is located, was accidentally contaminated with a mixture of oil and saline production water. to study the bioremediation potential in this area, molecular methods based on pcr-dgge were used to determine the diversity of the bacterial communities in bulk and in contaminated soils. bacterial fingerprints revealed that the bacterial communities were affected by the presence of the mixture of oil and prod ...200819131701
improved identification of membrane proteins by maldi-tof ms/ms using vacuum sublimated matrix spots on an ultraphobic chip surface.integral membrane proteins are notoriously difficult to identify and analyze by mass spectrometry because of their low abundance and limited number of trypsin cleavage sites. our strategy to address this problem is based on a novel technology for maldi-ms peptide sample preparation that increases the success rate of membrane protein identification by increasing the sensitivity of the maldi-tof system. for this, we used sample plates with predeposited matrix spots of chca crystals prepared by vac ...200819137096
[c2 metabolism and intensification of the synthesis of surface-active substances in rhodococcus erythropolis ek-1 grown on ethanol].oxidation of ethanol, acetaldehyde, and acetate in rhodococcus erythropolis ek-1, producer of surface-active substances (sas), is catalyzed by n,n-dimethyl-4-nitrosoaniline (dmna)-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase, nad+/nadp(+)-dependent dehydrogenases (optimum ph 9.5), and acetate kinase/acetyl-coa-synthetase, respectively. the glyoxylate cycle and complete tricarboxylic acid cycle function in the cells of r. erythropolis ek-1 growing on ethanol; the synthesis of phosphoenolpyruvate (pep) is prov ...200819137713
biosynthesis of storage compounds by rhodococcus jostii rha1 and global identification of genes involved in their metabolism.members of the genus rhodococcus are frequently found in soil and other natural environments and are highly resistant to stresses common in those environments. the accumulation of storage compounds permits cells to survive and metabolically adapt during fluctuating environmental conditions. the purpose of this study was to perform a genome-wide bioinformatic analysis of key genes encoding metabolism of diverse storage compounds by rhodococcus jostii rha1 and to examine its ability to synthesize ...200819077282
bioremediation of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes-contaminated soil: a biopile pilot experiment.in this study, we evaluated the removal efficiency of fuel hydrocarbons from a jet fuel contaminated area using bioaugmentation treatment in biopile.200819149767
a quinoline antibiotic from rhodococcus erythropolis jcm 6824.a new quinoline antibiotic, aurachin re, was isolated and identified from a culture broth of rhodococcus erythropolis jcm 6824. the aurachin re structure was determined based on nmr and mass spectrometric analysis. the structure is similar to that of aurachin c antibiotics that have been identified from stigmatella aurantiaca. compared to aurachin c, however, aurachin re exhibits a wide and strong antimicrobial spectrum against both high- and low-gc gram-positive bacteria.200819168983
[rhodococcus equi pulmonary infection in a hiv-infected patient and radiological worsening following treatment: case report]. 200819296001
[application of biological aerated filter in treating biomass wastewater and its microbial population characteristics].biomass wastewater contains plenty of cellulose, hemicellulose, starch, saccharide, organic acid and protein. it has high cod value and leads to environment pollution and resource waste. biomass wastewater was treated in this investigate using a biological aerated filter (baf) on laboratory scale, and the effect of treatment in different hydraulic retention time (hrt) had been studied. the results show that the optimum hrt is 10 h. the value of cod and tn in effluent is 74.90 mg/l and 1.21 mg/l ...200819186816
[functional correlation of dibenzothiophene and benzothiophene desulfurization enzymes].gordonia sp. c-6 can desulfurize benzothiophene (bt) as the pathway similar to the "4s" pathway of dibenzothiophene (dbt)-desulfurizing, but the strain can not grow with dbt as the sole sulfur source. at current, there were not related reports on bt-desulfurizing genes at home or abroad. the dbt-desulfurizing genes of rhodocossus erythropolis ds-3, dsza, dszb, dszc and dszabc were introduced into gordonia sp. c-6 respectively using a rhodococcus-e. coli shuttle vector, to construct new recombina ...200819186822
metagenomics revealed a quorum quenching lactonase qlca from yet unculturable soil bacteria.quorum sensing (qs) is a signal mediated cell-cell communication system that couples bacterial cell density to a synchronized gene expression (fuqua et al., 1994). mostly, in gram negative bacteria qs signals are n-acylhomoserine lactones (nahls) that coordinate important functions such as virulence and pathogenicity. qs signals or the elements involved in their production or perception could be targeted to disrupt qs, a phenomenon called quorum quenching (qq). qq properties (chemicals and enzym ...200819226736
[role of exogenic precursors in formation of surface-active substances during cultivation rhodoococcus erythiropolis ek-1 on ethanol].a possibility to intensify synthesis of surfactants of rhodococcus erythropolis ek-1 under the presence of citrate (lipid synthesis regulator) and fumarate (gluconeogenesis precursor) has been shown. a 40-100% increase of indices of surfactants synthesis with introduction of cytrate (0.1%) and fumerate (0.2%) in the beginning of the stationary producer growth phase is determined by activation of gluconeogenetic branch of metabolism and by intensification of lipids synthesis that was evidenced by ...200819351043
three types of antibiotics produced from rhodococcus erythropolis strains.a total of 15 rhodococcus erythropolis strains were characterized as antibiotic producers and classified into three groups according to their antibiotic spectrum and growth compatibility (strains within a group did not inhibit each other's growth). each of the antibiotic groups exhibited antibiotic activity against a taxonomically different breadth of bacteria: group i exhibited antibiotic activity against a broad range of gram-positives; group ii, mainly against the genus rhodococcus and some o ...200821558704
molecular and biochemical characterization of the tetralin degradation pathway in rhodococcus sp. strain tfb.the tetralin biodegradation pathway in rhodococcus sp. strain tfb, a gram-positive bacterium resistant to genetic manipulation, was characterized using a proteomic approach. relative protein expression in cell free extracts from tetralin- and glucose-grown cells was compared using the 2d-dige technique. identification of proteins specifically expressed in tetralin-grown cells was used to characterize a complete set of genes involved in tetralin degradation by reverse genetics. we propose a tetra ...200921261920
identification and characterization of bacteria isolated under selective pressure of volatile organic compounds.several bacterial strains tolerant to volatile organic compounds (vocs) were isolated from the air emissions of a typical industrial wood painting plant. four strains that grew vigorously on a mineral salt basal medium and voc-saturated atmosphere were identified using biolog and fatty acids analysis. a 16s rdna sequence comparison was also performed on three of the four strains. their phylogenetic positions were respectively: mc8m6 of the genus arthrobacter mcep3 of the genus microbacterium, mc ...200920112870
application of quantitative real-time pcr for quantification of rhodococcus sp. eh831 in a polyurethane biofilter.rhodococcus sp. eh831 is a microbial species that can degrade volatile organic compounds. we optimized a method for monitoring quantitative real-time pcr (qrt-pcr) of eh831 that was incorporated into a polyurethane (pu) biofilter. when the genomic dna of eh831 was directly extracted from a pu sample with immobilized eh831, the recovery efficiency was very low due to dna absorption into the pu. dna amplification during pcr was also inhibited by pu impurities. therefore, a pre-treatment step was n ...200920112879
inducible expression systems for mycobacteria.a wide variety of inducible expression systems have been designed for gram-negative bacteria, but adapting these systems to phylogenetically distinct species, such as mycobacteria, has proved notoriously difficult. mycobacteria belong to a class of high g+c gram-positive bacteria known as actinomycetes. although comparatively few genetic tools are available for these organisms, those that do exist are more likely to be adaptable for use in mycobacteria. a compelling example of this rationale is ...200920560072
ward round-- non-resolving pleural effusion in a patient with hiv infection. 200921174934
does the microbial flora in the ejaculate affect the freezeability of stallion sperm?in an attempt to evaluate the possible relationship between the microbial flora in the stallion ejaculate and its ability to freeze,three ejaculates from five stallions were frozen using a standard protocol. before freezing, an aliquot was removed for bacteriological analysis. bacterial growth was observed in all the ejaculates studied. the isolated microorganisms were:staphylococcus spp. and micrococcus spp. (in all the stallions), beta-haemolytic streptococcus (in stallions 3 and 4), corynebac ...200919655428
diversity, abundance, and consistency of microbial oxygenase expression and biodegradation in a shallow contaminated aquifer.the diversity of rieske dioxygenase genes and short-term temporal variability in the abundance of two selected dioxygenase gene sequences were examined in a naphthalene-rich, coal tar waste-contaminated subsurface study site. using a previously published pcr-based approach (s. m. ní chadhain, r. s. norman, k. v. pesce, j. j. kukor, and g. j. zylstra, appl. environ. microbiol. 72:4078-4087, 2006) a broad suite of genes was detected, ranging from dioxygenase sequences associated with rhodococcus a ...200919700556
redesigning dehalogenase access tunnels as a strategy for degrading an anthropogenic substrate.engineering enzymes to degrade anthropogenic compounds efficiently is challenging. we obtained rhodococcus rhodochrous haloalkane dehalogenase mutants with up to 32-fold higher activity than wild type toward the toxic, recalcitrant anthropogenic compound 1,2,3-trichloropropane (tcp) using a new strategy. we identified key residues in access tunnels connecting the buried active site with bulk solvent by rational design and randomized them by directed evolution. the most active mutant has large ar ...200919701186
production of triacylglycerol and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) by the toluene-degrading bacterium rhodococcus aetherivorans iar1.poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (phbv) produced by various bacteria has been intensively investigated as a promising biodegradable plastic, but required a supply of an expensive precursor as a secondary carbon source for its production. in a previous study, we identified a new bacterial strain, rhodococcus aetherivorans iar1, which synthesizes phbv from toluene without the supply of a precursor. toluene is the volatile organic compound most abundantly emitted to the environment. in ...200919716522
phylogenetic analysis of rhodococcus erythropolis based on the variation of ribosomal proteins as observed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-mass spectrometry without using genome information.rhodococcus erythropolis strains characterized as antibiotic producers can be classified into three groups according to their antibiotic spectrum and growth compatibility. due to their high genotypic similarity, the taxonomic relationship of these strains has not been elucidated. in this study, ribosomal protein profiling using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-mass spectrometry (maldi-ms) was employed to classify twenty-one strains of r. erythropolis (15 antibiotic producers and 6 non ...200919716527
isolation of identical nitrilase genes from multiple bacterial strains and real-time pcr detection of the genes from soils provides evidence of horizontal gene transfer.bacterial enzymes capable of nitrile hydrolysis have significant industrial potential. microbacterium sp. aj115, rhodococcus erythropolis aj270 and aj300 were isolated from the same location in england and harbour identical nitrile hydratase/amidase gene clusters. strain aj270 has been well studied due to its nitrile hydratase and amidase activity. r. erythropolis itcbp was isolated from denmark and carries a very similar nitrile hydratase/amidase gene cluster. in this study, an identical nitril ...200919730817
aerobic biotransformation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) by bacterial isolates.polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) are flame retardants that have been used in consumer products and furniture for three decades. currently, very little is known about their fate in the environment and specifically about their susceptibility to aerobic biotransformation. here, we investigated the ability of the polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) degrading bacteria rhodococcus jostii rha1 and burkholderia xenovorans lb400 to transform mono- through hexa-bdes at ppb levels. we also tested the pbde ...200919731666
molecular characterization of the alkb gene in the thermophilic geobacillus sp. strain mh-1.an extremely thermophilic alkane-degrading bacterium, strain mh-1, was isolated from the deep subterranean petroleum reservoir in shengli oil field, pr china. based on its physiological characteristics and analysis of its 16s rrna gene sequence, strain mh-1 was identified as geobacillus stearothermophilus. strain mh-1 was able to grow at temperatures ranging from 50 to 72 degrees c and effectively degraded hexadecane as the sole carbon source at 70 degrees c. strain mh-1 degraded alkanes with di ...200919733653
isolation and identification of novel microcystin-degrading bacteria.of 31 freshwater bacterial isolates screened using the biolog mt2 assay to determine their metabolism of the microcystin lr, 10 were positive. phylogenetic analysis (16s rrna) identified them as arthrobacter spp., brevibacterium sp., and rhodococcus sp. this is the first report of microcystin degraders that do not belong to the proteobacteria.200919734339
regional limb perfusion with erythromycin for treatment of septic physitis and arthritis caused by rhodococcus equi. 200919734562
standardization and validation of an immunoperoxidase assay for the detection of african horse sickness virus in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues.an immunoperoxidase assay for the detection of african horse sickness virus (ahsv) in formalin-fixed tissues is a valuable tool in the study of the pathogenesis of the disease, as well as a useful addition to existing diagnostic tests when only preserved tissues are available. an assay that uses hamblin antiserum in a basic avidin-biotin complex detection system was standardized and validated in accordance with the guidelines of the american association of veterinary laboratory diagnosticians su ...200919737761
x-ray crystal structure of michaelis complex of aldoxime dehydratase.aldoxime dehydratase (oxd) catalyzes the dehydration of aldoximes (r-ch=n-oh) to their corresponding nitrile (r-c triple bond n). oxd is a heme-containing enzyme that catalyzes the dehydration reaction as its physiological function. we have determined the first two structures of oxd: the substrate-free oxdre at 1.8 a resolution and the n-butyraldoxime- and propionaldoxime-bound oxdres at 1.8 and 1.6 a resolutions, respectively. unlike other heme enzymes, the organic substrate is directly bound t ...200919740758
[biotransformation of p-toluic acid by bacterium rhodococcus ruber p25]. 200919580167
removal of benzene and toluene in polyurethane biofilter immobilized with rhodococcus sp. eh831 under transient loading.the performance of a polyurethane (pu) biofilter inoculated with rhodococcus sp. eh831 was evaluated under different transient loading conditions, such as shutdown, intermittent and fluctuating loading. a mixture of benzene and toluene vapors was employed as model pollutants. when the biofilter was restarted after a 2 week-shutdown, during which neither clean air nor water was supplied, the benzene and toluene removal capacities were rapidly restored after a re-adaptation period of only 1 day. a ...200919581081
increased nod2-mediated recognition of n-glycolyl muramyl dipeptide.peptidoglycan-derived muramyl dipeptide (mdp) activates innate immunity via the host sensor nod2. although mdp is n-acetylated in most bacteria, mycobacteria and related actinomycetes convert their mdp to an n-glycolylated form through the action of n-acetyl muramic acid hydroxylase (namh). we used a combination of bacterial genetics and synthetic chemistry to investigate whether n-glycolylation of mdp alters nod2-mediated immunity. upon infecting macrophages with 12 bacteria, tumor necrosis fac ...200919581406
rhodococcus equi endocarditis in immunocompetent hosts: report of the first two cases. 200919589660
biomineralization of n,n-dimethylformamide by paracoccus sp. strain dmf.n,n-dimethylformamide (dmf) is a man-made compound that is widely used as a solvent for the synthesis of various organic compounds. in this study, a bacterial strain paracoccus sp. dmf capable of using dmf as the sole carbon, nitrogen and energy source, was isolated from an enrichment culture developed using activated sludge from domestic waste water treatment unit as the source inoculum. the strain dmf was characterized by biochemical tests and 16s rdna sequence analysis, to be belonging to the ...200919592157
effect of cell-surface hydrophobicity on bacterial conversion of water-immiscible chemicals in two-liquid-phase culture systems.the effect of bacterial cell-surface hydrophobicity on the bioconversion of water-immiscible chemicals in an aqueous-organic (a/o) two-liquid-phase culture system was investigated. escherichia coli jm109 and rhodococcus opacus b-4 were used as hydrophilic and hydrophobic whole-cell catalysts, respectively. hydroxylation reactions of monoaromatics, including toluene (log p(ow)=2.9), ethylbenzene (3.1), n-propylbenzene (3.4), and sec-butylbenzene (3.7), were employed as model conversions. when the ...200919619857
removal of xylene by a mixed culture of pseudomonas sp. nbm21 and rhodococcus sp. bto62 in biofilter.xylene (a mixture of o-, m-, p-xylenes and ethylbenzene) gas removal was conducted in the a biofilter inoculated with a mixture of the m- and p-xylene-degraders, pseudomonas sp. nbm21 and an o-xylene degrader, rhodococcus sp. bto62 under non-sterile conditions at 20 degrees c. elimination capacities of o-, m-, and p-xylenes obtained were 180 g/m(3)/h at 20 degrees c and 100 g/m(3)/h at 10 degrees c, which were significantly higher than the 60-78 g/m(3)/h of previously reported biofilters, indica ...200919619861
highly efficient and enantioselective biotransformations of racemic azetidine-2-carbonitriles and their synthetic applications.catalyzed by the rhodococcus erythropolis aj270 whole cell catalyst in neutral aqueous buffer at 30 degrees c, a number of racemic 1-benzylazetidine-2-carbonitriles, trans-1-benzyl-4-methylazetidine-2-carbonitrile, and 1-benzyl-2-methylazetidine-2-carbonitrile and their amide substrates underwent efficient and enantioselective biotransformations to afford the corresponding azetidine-2-carboxylic acids and their amide derivatives in excellent yields with ee up to >99.5%. the overall excellent ena ...200919627128
formation of specialized aerial architectures by rhodococcus during utilization of vaporized p-cresol.when grown with vaporized alkylphenols such as p-cresol as the sole carbon and energy source, several isolated rhodococcus strains formed growth structures like miniature mushrooms, termed here specialized aerial architectures (saa), that reached sizes of up to 0.8 mm in height. microscopic examination allowed us to view the distinct developmental stages during the formation of saa from a selected strain, rhodococcus sp. kl96. initially, mounds consisting of long rod cells arose from a lawn of c ...200919628560
7,7-dimethylaporphine alkaloids from the stem of guatteriopsis friesiana.phytochemical investigation of a methanolic extract of the stem of guatteriopsis friesiana afforded two new 7,7-dimethylaporphine alkaloids, 6,6a-dihydrodemethoxyguadiscine (1) and guatteriopsiscine (3), together with demethoxyguadiscine (2), liriodenine (4), corypalmine (5), and coreximine (6). their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods (uv, ir, eims, hresims, 1d/2d nmr). the absolute configurations of 1 and 3 were determined from the circular dichroism curves. the p ...200919639965
hoyosella altamirensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the order actinomycetales isolated from a cave biofilm.a novel actinomycete, strain ofn s31(t), was isolated from a complex biofilm in the altamira cave, spain. a polyphasic study was carried out to clarify the taxonomic position of this strain. phylogenetic analysis with 16s rrna gene sequences of representatives of the genera corynebacterium, dietzia, gordonia, millisia, mycobacterium, nocardia, rhodococcus, segniliparus, skermania, tsukamurella and williamsia indicated that strain ofn s31(t) formed a distinct taxon in the 16s rrna gene tree that ...200919643882
dna-stable isotope probing integrated with metagenomics for retrieval of biphenyl dioxygenase genes from polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated river sediment.stable isotope probing with [(13)c]biphenyl was used to explore the genetic properties of indigenous bacteria able to grow on biphenyl in pcb-contaminated river raisin sediment. a bacterial 16s rrna gene clone library generated from [(13)c]dna after a 14-day incubation with [(13)c]biphenyl revealed the dominant organisms to be members of the genera achromobacter and pseudomonas. a library built from pcr amplification of genes for aromatic-ring-hydroxylating dioxygenases from the [(13)c]dna fract ...200919648381
[dehydrogenases oxidizing ethanol and acetaldehide in rhodococcus erythropolis ek-1].four types of alcohol- and acetaldehyde dehydrogenases were found in the cells of strain rhodococcus erythropolis ek1 grown on ethanol. they are as follows: nad-, nadp-, pyroquinoline quinone (pqq)- and 4-nitroso-n,n-dimethyl aniline (ndma)-dependent enzymes. activity of nad- and nadp+ -dependent alcohol dehydrogenases, as well as pqq and ndma-dependent acetaldehyde dehydrogenases was low and made up 3-11 nmol x min(-1) x mg(-1) of protein. ethanol oxidation in the given strain is realized by nd ...200919663325
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