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electron microscopic study of membranes and walls of bacteria and changes occurring during growth initiation.thin sections of stationary-phase streptococcus lactis cells showed that the wall and membrane are 20 and 7 nm thick, respectively. whole cells were examined by negative staining with ammonium molybdate and by shadowing. on air-drying of whole cells, the membrane pulled away from the wall revealing adhesions between these organelles. adhesions could not be seen after subculture of the stationary-phase cells into complex media or into solutions containing glucose, kcl, and cacl(2) in tris(hydroxy ...19694180467
pulmonary disease due to inhalation of derivatives of bacillus subtilis containing proteolytic enzyme. 19694181838
allergic reactions of the lungs to enzymes of bacillus subtilis. 19694181839
organic dusts and allergic lung diseases. 19694181845
[considerations on the accelerated reactions in biology or the fair play with paper strips. 3. phenylketonuria. serum pseudocholinesterase activity. blood urea]. 19694182081
binding of rabbit gamma globulin by competent bacillus subtilis cultures.deoxyribonucleic acid (dna)-mediated transformation of bacillus subtilis can be inhibited by antibodies which specifically interact with single-stranded dna. this inhibition occurs at a time when the transformation reaction is insensitive to deoxyribonuclease. studies with radioactive proteins revealed that the maximal binding of gamma globulin occurs immediately preceding the development of maximal competence in the population. other proteins, such as deoxyribonuclease cytochrome c and serum al ...19694184694
zone electrophoresis of enzymes in bacterial taxonomy.the electrophoretic mobilities in starch gels have been determined for eight enzymes in extracts of representative cultures of members of the family enterobacteriaceae. these values were compared with each other and with those obtained from certain bacteria not in this family. the migrations of the eight enzymes were virtually identical for each of eight strains of escherichia coli and for two species of shigella. a number of these enzymes appeared to be identical in other organisms believed to ...19694184695
commitment to sporulation in bacillus subtilis and its relationship to development of actinomycin resistance.1. experiments to determine the point of commitment to sporulation were carried out by restoring nutrients at different times to suspensions of sporulating bacillus subtilis. 2. no single point of commitment to the process as a whole was found. instead, the cells became committed in turn to the following successive events connected with sporulation: formation of alkaline phosphatase, development of refractility, synthesis of dipicolinic acid and development of heat-resistance. 3. each point of c ...19694185146
[redistribution, at the time of blossoming, of exogenous dna absorbed by arabidopsis thaliana seeds]. 19694186392
[the application of autoradiography to electron microscopy. i. introduction and principles]. 19694187665
[reversibility of sporulation in b. subtilis]. 19694189423
the binding of crystal violet by isolated bacterial cell-wall material. 19694189957
biochemical changes in serum of pure and mixed streptococcus faecalis and bacillus subtilis infections in rats.rats inoculated with streptococcus faecalis developed endocarditis and demonstrated a 6- to 30-fold increase in aldolase, isocitric dehydrogenase, phosphohexose isomerase, and lactic dehydrogenase. the animals infected with bacillus subtilis did not develop overt disease nor significant increases in enzyme activities, but viable organisms were recovered at 2 weeks. rats inoculated with mixed culture of these organisms showed a 2- to 10-fold increase of enzyme activities without evidence of patho ...19694189998
[microbiological study of actinomycin d (dactinomycin)]. 19694190062
successes and failures in the search for antibiotics. 19694195044
metabolic products of microorganisms. 77. studies on the mechanism of action of boromycin. 19694247775
[study of polysaccharide complexes by the method of infrared spectroscopy]. 19694239546
mode of action of albocycline, an inhibitor of nicotinate biosynthesis.the antibiotic albocycline blocks the synthesis of nicotinate or nicotinamide in bacillus subtilis cells. the inhibitory activity of the agent is fully reversed by nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, and, to a moderate extent, also by quinolinate. this suggests that in b. subtilis the antibiotic interferes with a reaction step occurring prior to the formation of quinolinate within the biosynthetic pathway leading to nicotinate.19694241976
coenzyme a- and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent branched chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase. i. purification and properties of the enzyme from bacillus subtilis. 19694308861
esr-studies of normal and 5-bromouracil-substituted dna of bacillus subtilis after irradiation with ultraviolet light. 19694308875
cyclic phosphodiesterase having 3'-nucleotidase activity from bacillus subtilis. purification and some properties of the enzyme. 19694309179
isolation and characterization of enzymes with nicking action from phage t4-infected escherichia coli. 19694309718
effect of 1 percent phenol on several bacterial and viral species. 19694309833
phosphorescence and energy transfer in enzymes. 19694311038
the effects of alpha amylase on collagen-proteoglycans and collagen-glycoprotein complexes in connective tissue matrices. 19694311045
molecular size and feedback-regulation characteristics of bacterial asartate transcarbamulases. 19694311178
on the release of enzymes upon lysozyme treatment of streptomyces. 19694312597
cytochromes of bacillus subtilis. 3. physicochemical and enzymatic properties of cytochromes c-550 and c-554. 19694312619
arginine in viomycin biosynthesis. 19694312843
metabolic interlock. regulatory interactions exerted between biochemical pathways. 19694306282
[interaction of ristomycin with heparin]. 19694306697
effects of deoxyfrenolicin on isolated adipose cells. i. glucose and fructose utilization. 19694306959
terpene compounds as drugs. vi. acyclic mono- and sesquiterpene thiocyanates and isothiocyanates. 19694307375
enzyme induction by viruses. 19694354722
some properties of alkaline phosphatase in bacillus species. 19694313998
[studies of some viomycinmethyltetracyclines]. 19694314647
metabolic control and membranes. 19694387867
[antibacterial spectrum of penimepicycline--4'-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-diethylenediaminomethyl-tetracycline phenoxymethylpenicillinate]. 19694389009
antimicrobial activity of a series of aminoalkyl esters of benzyldithiocarbamic acids. 19694389014
combined effects of diphenyliodonium chloride, pine oils, and mustard oil soaps on certain microorganisms.bactericidal and bacteriostatic activities of an emulsion containing 10.0% (v/v) terpineol, 0.5% (w/v) diphenyliodonium chloride, 11.0% (v/v) ethyl alcohol, and 5.62% saponified mustard oil were tested against a number of different types of organisms. the bactericidal concentration for salmonella typhosa was 1:400. in the presence of 5.0% horse serum, it increased to 1:250. the bacteriostatic concentration varied from organism to organism; escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus required 4,00 ...19694389659
[studies on josamycin. 3. (1) bacteriological studies. (2) protective effect against infections due to pathogenic bacteria. (3) absorption, excretion, distribution in organs and in vivo activities]. 19694389777
the role of dna concentration. 19694389790
[steroid antibiotics. the fusidic acid group]. 19694389962
polymyxin p, new antibiotics of polymyxin group. 19694391193
[study of antibacterial and antifungal activity of lutenurine in experiments in vitro]. 19694391463
[inhibition of the growth of fungi and bacteria by the cutaneous gland secretion of salamandra maculosa]. 19694391583
[antibiotic effect of extracts from agrimonia-variety]. 19694391804
thermal death of bacillus subtilis var. niger spores on selected lander capsule surfaces.dry-heat sterilization of planetary lander capsules requires a knowledge of the thermal resistivity of microorganisms in the environment to which they will be subjected during sterilization of the space hardware. the dry-heat resistance of bacillus subtilis var. niger spores on various lander capsule materials was determined at 125 c. eight surface materials were evaluated, including a reference material, stainless steel. survivor curves were computed, and decimal reduction times (d values) were ...19694391845
heat denaturation of bacillus subtilis transforming dna. 196911946321
inhibition of bacillus subtilis transforming system by acriflavin. 196911946353
discussion of a possible contamination of space with terrestrial life.theoretical considerations were made on what forces and energies affect a particle the size of a microorganism near the earth and what conditions result for the particle. a transfer of terrestrial life to other celestial bodies seems impossible unless it is done by a spacecraft. this possibility cannot be excluded even after sterilization of the spacecraft on earth, for in higher layers of the atmosphere the spacecraft could be contaminated again. in this case microorganisms would be subjected t ...196912197541
defective bacteriophage pbsh in bacillus subtilis: iii. properties of adenine-16 marker in purified bacteriophage deoxyribonucleic acid.the adenine-16 (ade-16) marker (the marker nearest the chromosomal origin of bacillus subtilis) in purified pbsh deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) renatured more rapidly and to a greater extent than any other marker in the phage dna, and more rapidly and to a greater extent than all markers, including ade-16, in bacterial dna. the renaturation of the phage dna ade-16 marker followed a first-order reaction, whereas renaturation of bacterial markers was initially a second-order reaction. no cross-linkag ...196916789116
a sterol requirement in turbatrix aceti and panagrellus redivivus.a nutritional requirement for sterol was demonstrated for turbatrix aceti and panagrellus redivivus with a sterol deficient test system that consisted of endospores of bacillus subtilis on peptone glucose agar slants. neither nematode species would sustain growth unless cholesterol was supplemented to the test system. at least 0.1 microg of cholesterol supplement was required to support growth of turbatrix. however, 1.0 and 10.0 microg supplements usually produced better growth as measured by to ...196919325657
effect of trypaflavine on host-cell reactivation of some bacillus subtilis phages irradiated with uv light. 19704392080
comparative aspects of fatty acid synthesis in bacillus subtilis and escherichia coli. 19704392505
the mechanism of genetic recombination. 19704393688
[production of a new antibiotic, chalcidin, from micromonospora chalcea culture]. 19704394064
the substance with competence inducing activity interacts with dna and produces a hyperchromic increase of optical density. 19704394255
[role of toxins of several saprophytic microbes in the etiology of experimental neuroparalytic diseases]. 19704394515
homologies in serine proteinases. 19704399051
isolation and identification of a new pteridine, neopterinyl-3'-beta-d-glucuronic acid from bacillus subtilis. 19704314977
methylation of mouse dna in vivo: di- and tripyrimidine sequences containing 5-methylcytosine. 19704315012
metabolic interlock. the influence of histidine on tryptophan biosynthesis in bacillus subtilis. 19704315152
lipid oxidation in biological membranes. ii. kinetics and mechanism of lipid oxidation in submitochondrial particles. 19704315698
comparison of lysyl-transfer ribonucleic acid species from vegetative cells and spores of bacillus subtilis by methylated albumin-kieselguhr and reversed-phase chromatography.lysyl-transfer ribonucleic acid (trna) species from a spore-forming strain of bacillus subtilis (168 trp2(-)) and an early blocked asporogenous mutant (spoa 12) were compared on reversed-phase and methylated albumin-kieselguhr columns. lysyl-trna species from spores and the asporogenous mutant in stationary phase both exhibited altered chromatographic profiles compared to that of log-phase cells. the major peak in spore lysyl-trna species eluted later than that characteristic of vegetative cells ...19704317102
an adhesive surface sampling technique for airborne viruses.a mixture of sucrose, glycerol and bovine serum albumin produces a stable coating in a petri dish which remains adhesive for up to an hour when exposed in a slit sampler. virus aerosols can be collected on this surface followed by the direct addition of cell cultures to demonstrate the presence of viable virus. the technique is applicable to the andersen sampler. a modified version of this sampler has been produced with the same particle collection efficiency as the standard andersen sampler. th ...19704317107
atp-inhibited ribonuclease of bacillus subtilis. i. purification and general properties. 19704318218
some factors affecting ribonucleic acid chain-length estimation with bacillus subtilis exonuclease. 19704319603
threonine metabolism in a strain of bacillus subtilis: enzymic oxidation of the intermediate dl-lactaldehyde. 19704319789
asymmetric template function of microbial deoxyribonucleic acids: transcription of ribosomal and soluble ribonucleic acids.in bacillus subtilis and escherichia coli, 16 and 23s ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rrna) hybridize exclusively with the heavy (h) strand of methylated albuminkieselguhr (mak)-fractionated complementary deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) strands. all the soluble rna (4s rna) in b. subtilis and 66 to 75% of the 4s rna in e. coli also hybridize with the h strand. interspecific hybridization shows that e. coli 23s rrna also binds selectively to the dna h strand of salmonella typhimurium. the hybridization p ...19704319834
autolysis of isolated cell walls of bacillus licheniformis n.c.t.c. 6346 and bacillus subtilis marburg strain 168. separation of the products and characterization of the mucopeptide fragments.1. cell walls were isolated from bacillus licheniformis n.c.t.c. 6346 and bacillus subtilis marburg strain 168 trp grown on casein hydrolysate into exponential phase. autolysis was carried out and the soluble products, separated by chromatography on deae-cellulose, from the two wall preparations are broadly similar in composition and are in agreement with autolysis proceeding with hydrolysis of amide bonds between l-alanine and n-acetylmuramic acid residues in the mucopeptide components. 2. pept ...19704321754
the enzymology of prephenate dehydrogenase in bacillus subtilis. 19704321765
cell-wall thickening in bacillus subtilis. comparison of thickened and normal walls.1. incubation of bacillus subtilis 168 trp in a glucose-amino acids-salts medium lacking tryptophan leads to an inhibition of cellular growth without affecting cell-wall synthesis. the cell walls increased approximately two- to three-fold in thickness and at the same time the amount of mucopeptide in the cells measured chemically increased to about the same extent. 2. synthesis of mucopeptide and teichoic acid as measured by the extent of incorporation of radioactivity continued linearly for app ...19704321930
threonine metabolism in a strain of bacillus subtilis: enzymes acting on methylglyoxal. 19704322199
[disinfectant activity of peracetic acid on the spores of bacteria]. 19704323154
detection of a reactive intermediate in the reaction between dna and hydroxyurea. 19704323348
[fractionation and purification of cytpplasmic membrane and mesosome systeme of bacillus subtilis. study of some of their redox properties associated with the respiratory chain]. 19704323517
[the role of bacteria in experimental amebiasis]. 19704325057
[purification and properties of nad-dehydrogenases intervening in the germination of bacillus subtilis spores. i. l. alanine: nad oxidoreductase (deaminating)]. 19704324541
[purification and properties of nad-dehydrogenases intervening in the germination of bacillus subtilis spores. ii. l. leucine: nad oxidoreductase (deaminating)]. 19704324542
periplasmic nucleoside diphosphate sugar hydrolase from bacillus subtilis. 19704313937
antigenicity of cartilage proteoglycans: the effect of cartilage and on cartilage proteoglycans of "crude alpha-amylase" from bacillus subtilis. 19704246728
[isolation and genetic localization of mutants of fructose metabolic system in bacillus subtilis]. 19704247408
[mutants without fructose-1-phosphate kinase in bacillus subtilis]. 19704247409
biosynthesis of the peptidoglycan of bacterial cell walls. xv. the binding of radioactive penicillin to the particulate enzyme preparation of bacillus subtilis and its reversal with hydroxylamine or thiols. 19704248524
biosynthesis of the peptidoglycan of bacterial cell walls. xvi. the reversible fixation of radioactive penicillin g to the d-alanine carboxypeptidase of bacillus subtilis. 19704248525
chromosomal location of antibiotic resistance markers in bacillus subtilis. 19704249603
[study of rate of the gastrointestinal transit of spores of a strictly thermophilic strain of bacillus subtilis in the holoxenic rat, the axenic rat and the cecectomized axenic rat]. 19704250405
[experiments on serologic tumor diagnosis, using spore-forming bacteria (ii)]. 19704254299
specificity of an erythrocyte membrane receptor for bacterial antigens. 19704251396
[antibacterial chemoprophylaxis in surgical orthopedics]. 19704253075
nature of the ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid requirement for transformation of bacillus subtilis with single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid.the ethylenediaminetetraacetate (edta) requirement for transformation of bacillus subtilis with single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) was examined. the results indicate that a chelating agent such as edta is a stringent requirement for transformation with single dna strands only at nonsaturating dna concentrations, and that edta, when required, must be present during several steps in the transformation process and appears to insure the survival of single-stranded dna by rendering a nucleas ...19704191319
polyribosomes from bacillus subtilis during amino acid starvation in the presence and in the absence of actinomycin.polysomes were extracted from bacillus subtilis cells starved for a required amino acid. the monosome peak appeared soon after starvation; no difference in the rate of degradation was detected when the cells were starved for arginine or tryptophan in a double auxotroph. rna production during starvation was not inhibited by actinomycin, but the molecular weight of the product made in the presence of the antibiotic was much lower. indications that stable messenger ribonucleic acid is present for u ...19704191320
possible isozyme structures in malate dehydrogenase from bacillus subtilis. 19704191494
chemical linkage of polycyclic hydrocarbons to deoxyribonucleic acids and polynucleotides in aqueous solution and in a buffer-ethanol solvent system. 19704194821
tryptophanless death in bacillus subtilis.a decline in colony-forming ability is observed in actively growing cultures of a tryptophan arginine auxotroph of bacillus subtilis after removal of tryptophan (tryptophanless death). this phenomenon can be prevented by simultaneous starvation of the other required amino acid or by chloramphenicol administered in bacteriostatic concentration but not by actinomycin. addition of tryptophan analogues not only prevents the death but also allows recovery of the cells that have lost the ability to fo ...19704189906
ultrastructure of a temperature-sensitive rod- mutant of bacillus subtilis.mutant 168ts-200b, resulting from nitrosoguanidine treatment of bacillus subtilis 168 (trp(-) c2), exhibits a rod-to-sphere morphogenetic interconversion when the incubation temperature is 30 or 45 c, respectively. ultrathin sections of rods grown at 30 c, after glutaraldehyde-osmium uranium-lead fixation and staining, show trilaminar cell walls with a well-developed underlying periplasm as in wild-type cells. however, the outer wall layer is irregular, and abnormal protrusions of wall material ...19704097532
[interaction of streptomycin with blood serum and protein fractions and various methods of its study]. 19704097992
[transformation of a mutant of "bacillus subtilis" by dna of "streptomyces coelicolor"]. 19704098030
[isolation and 1st characterization of a temperature sensitive filamentous mutant of bacillus subtilis sb 19]. 19704098705
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