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protective properties of peptidoglycan associated protein of shigella flexneri.groups of ch3/hej mice were immunized with peptidoglycan associated protein (pgp) from shigella flexneri 3a administered in a single intraperitoneal injection (5 micrograms per mouse). after various periods post immunization the animals were challenged intraperitoneally with homologous bacteria. pgp proved to be strongly immunogenic. as early as one week after immunization all the animals survived challenge with 100 x ld100, and one third of the animals survived challenge with a dose of 500 x ld ...19846398687
changing patterns of drug resistance in shigella flexneri serotypes (1978-82). 19846399026
vaccine strain sh. flexneri t32-istrati. studies in animals and in volunteers. antidysentery immunoprophylaxis and immunotherapy by live vaccine vadizen (sh. flexneri t32-istrati). 19846400299
determination of humoral antibodies against shigella flexneri 2a t32 (istrati) by elisa. 19846400300
study on the effect of oral immunization of t32-istrati strain against bacillary dysentery in field trials. 19846400301
immunoprophylaxis against bacillary dysentery by dysentery live vaccine vadizen (shigella flexneri t32-istrati) in children collectivities in sv county. 19846400302
results of dysentery vaccinations by live vaccine vadizen (sh. flexneri 2a t32-istrati) in children collectivities in gl. 19846400303
immunoprophylactic effect of dysentery vaccination by live dysentery vaccine vadizen (sh. flexneri t32-istrati) in children and adult collectivities in bt county. 19846400304
antidysentery vaccination by live vaccine vadizen (sh. flexneri t32-istrati) in children collectivities in ph county. 19846400305
investigations concerning the immunoprophylactic effect of the antidysentery vaccination by live vaccine vadizen (sh. flexneri t32-istrati) in children. 19846400306
prophylaxis of bacillary dysentery by liver vaccine vadizen (sh. flexneri t32-istrati) in children collectivities in is county. 19846400307
economical evaluation of the dysentery vaccination in b municipality. 19846400308
aspects of the dysentery evolution in the territory surveilled by the sanitary-antiepidemic center of b municipality--laboratory no 2 (administrative district 2 and 3) after the introduction of the dysentery vaccination. 19846400309
reduction of morbidity due to bacillary dysentery by live vaccine vadizen (sh. flexneri t32-istrati) in children collectivities in bh county. 19846400310
improvement of production and control methods of live dysentery vaccine vadizen (shigella flexneri 2a t32-istrati). 19846400311
acute bacterial diarrhoeas due to salmonella, shigella and enteropathogenic escherichia coli in zambia. 19846400676
[a possible way of improving colibacterin]. 19846401093
[a comparative analysis of beta-lactamase activity in enterobacteria]. 19846401094
drug resistance in shigella dysenteriae, s flexneri and s boydii in england and wales: increasing incidence of resistance to trimethoprim.a total of 2753 strains of shigella belonging to subgroups a, b, and c that were isolated from patients in england and wales during the period from 1979 to mid-1983 were studied. of these, 1690 (61%) were from patients recently returned from abroad or in contact with recent travellers, and 760 (45%) of these affected travellers from the indian subcontinent. the number of strains resistant to sulphonamides and streptomycin remained at a high level throughout (average 76% and 72% respectively). re ...19846423079
shigellosis among tourists--union of soviet socialist republics, 1983. 19846423959
pseudomonas aeruginosa acid phosphatase and cholinesterase induced by choline and its metabolic derivatives may contain a similar anionic peripheral site.different compounds derived from choline, and obtained by demethylation or by oxidation of the primary alcohol group with subsequent n-demethylation, were tested as inducer agents of acid phosphatase and cholinesterase in ps. aeruginosa. it was found that betaine and dimethylglycine were the most effective inducers of both enzyme activities. these metabolites including choline itself, were not inducers of acid phosphatase and cholinesterase in other gram-negative bacteria such as: escherichia co ...19846436682
[use of prodigiozan for increasing the effectiveness of the antibiotic therapy of dysentery in children]. 19846439109
[unusual serovar of the causative agent of flexner's dysentery. i. its distribution and biochemical properties].the data on the circulation of some s. flexneri strains in the ussr are presented. the antigenic structure of these strains (type antigen 4 and group antigens 7, 8) is not characteristic of known serological subvariants 4a, 4b or var. x. the time course of changes in their spreading on certain base territories controlled by the all-union shigellosis center in 1980-1983 is shown. the biochemical characteristics of s. flexneri strains iv:7,8 under study, isolated in the ussr and abroad (czechoslov ...19846441398
enhancement of endotoxicity and reactivity with carbocyanine dye by sonication of lipopolysaccharide.the specificity of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, lps) in the carbocyanine dye reaction was investigated, and then a stoichiometric study of the dye-lps interaction was conducted with attention to the relationship of biological activities of lps to the reactivity with the dye. absorption maxima of some bacterial components in the dye reaction were as follows; lps from both escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa and lipid a from e. coli lps, 465 nm; shigella flexneri lps, 460 nm; salmonella ...19846442756
[further research on the use of media with na-rna for isolating shigella].the isolation of shigellae from the feces of patients with the use of ploskirev's bactoagar with na-rna added at a concentration of 4 mg/ml has facilitated the laboratory diagnosis of dysentery due to the increased resolution of the medium. the isolation of shigellae on the medium with the stimulating agent added occurs 9% more frequently than on the control medium.19846369838
shigella dysentery in tripoli, libya. 19846371260
leads from the mmwr. shigellosis among tourists--union of soviet socialist republics, 1983. 19846371268
[bacillary dysentery (shigella flexneri type 2) caused by shrimps]. 19846371557
[basic approach to the production of potential vaccine strains of salmonella, shigella and pasteurella, capable of reproduction, using suitable genetic markers]. 19846375171
[interrelation of virulent and avirulent (vaccinal) strains of shigella flexneri 2a in long-term bacterial carriage in gnotobiotic rats].the ability of s. flexneri 2a virulent and avirulent (vaccine) strains no. 516 and no. 516 m to displace one another during long-term carrier state in germ-free rats has been studied. the long-term persistence of the vaccine strain in the intestine of the rats has been shown to produce colonization resistance to subsequent infection with the virulent culture of these bacteria. during carrier state in rats progressive s--r dissociation of the bacteria occurs, type ii antigen is lost with simultan ...19846375221
sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim-resistant shigella flexneri in northeastern brazil.in contrast to prior experience in northeastern brazil, three of four shigella flexneri strains recently isolated from patients with acute inflammatory diarrhea in this setting were found to be resistant to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. the resistant strains contained large, different plasmids, two of which were transferred with sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim resistance to escherichia coli k-12 recipient strains.19846375563
[relation of the epidemiological characteristics of dysentery to the biological properties of the causative agents].the main forms of the epidemic manifestation of dysentery induced by different causative agents in 1975-1980 were revealed. during these years the cases of dysentery induced by shigella sonnei, biovar ii, were found to prevail (82.0-90.1%) both at the periods between epidemics and at the periods of the seasonal rise of morbidity. the experimental infection of white mice by intraperitoneal inoculation revealed no relationship between the seasonal rise of morbidity in dysentery and the virulence o ...19846377769
identification of hla-b27m1 and -m2 cross-reactive antigens in klebsiella, shigella and yersinia. 19846378768
[arthritis in shigella and salmonella infections]. 19846379799
an outbreak of shigellosis in an ultra-orthodox jewish community.an outbreak of shigellosis due to shigella sonnei, s. flexnerii and s. boydii in an ultra-religious jewish community in southern israel is described. the source of epidemic was traced to vegetables bought from a single source. the importance of epidemic and endemic modes of spread of shigella is discussed.19846379888
[clinical characteristics of dysentery in relation to the oxidation-reduction features of isolated shigella]. 19846379895
chemiluminescent response to pathogenic organisms: normal human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.chemiluminescence (cl) is a sensitive indicator of phagocytosis and intracellular killing; however, little is known of the normal cl response by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes to different pathogenic microorganisms. we investigated the luminol-enhanced cl response of normal polymorphonuclear leukocytes to a number of common bacterial pathogens and two yeasts. we analyzed the cl response to viable and heat-killed microorganisms at 25 and 37 degrees c. the cl response to all microorganisms was ...19846693174
the leukemoid reaction in shigellosis.leukemoid reactions occurred in 136 patients (3.8%) hospitalized with shigellosis in bangladesh. sixty-eight percent of the patients with leukemoid reactions were children less than 4 years old. when compared with patients without leukemoid reactions, the leukemoid reactions were significantly associated with children aged less than 10 years. the most common serotype of shigella in the patients with leukemoid reactions was shigella dysenteriae 1, isolated from 96 patients (71%), whereas the most ...19846695872
heterogeneity of lipid a.in a previous study, lipid a from shigella flexneri was separated into eight distinct fractions by thin-layer chromatography (tlc). in the present investigation, lipid a from different gram-negative bacteria was analyzed by thin-layer chromatography for its heterogeneity and compared with lipid a of s. flexneri. purified lipid a preparations from six different enterobacterial species were heterogeneous, but based on rf, comparable bands were found among all preparations. changing the culture con ...19846474004
wheat germ agglutinin potentiates uptake of bacteria by murine peritoneal macrophages.exposure of thioglycollate-elicited murine peritoneal macrophages to wheat germ agglutinin (wga) increased markedly the uptake of six different bacteria, which have surface receptors for the lectin. uptake of staphylococcus aureus h was higher by 3-5-fold, of s. aureus 52a2 by 1.8-fold, of s. aureus 52a5 by 1.7-fold, of s. albus by 2.3-fold, of shigella flexneri by 6-fold and of micrococcus luteus by 6.5-fold. klebsiella pneumoniae, devoid of receptors for wga, was not phagocytosed following pre ...19846547690
[clinico-diagnostic significance of specific antigenemia in acute dysentery]. 19846205453
[disorders of tubular transport of uric acid leading to hyperuricemia]. 19841454659
the distribution of acetylcholine and choline in guinea pig heart.the regional distributions of acetylcholine (ach) and choline (ch) in the guinea pig heart were investigated with a pyrolysis-mass fragmentography technique. using ach as a marker for cholinergic neurons, we have described a pattern of parasympathetic innervation in the guinea pig heart. this distribution is very similar to that suggested by studies using several different cholinergic indicators in various species. atrial areas receive richer parasympathetic innervation than ventricular areas, w ...19853965854
characterisation of a dictyostelium discoideum dna fragment coding for a putative trnavalguu gene. evidence for a single transcription unit consisting of two overlapping class iii genes.a genomic dna fragment from dictyostelium discoideum was characterized. this dna, although 74% d(a + t)-rich, codes for a putative trnavalguu. the trnaval gene overlaps at its 5' half with another rna polymerase iii transcription unit. this rna polymerase iii transcription unit can be folded into a trna-like shape and is comprised of significant amounts of invariant and semi-invariant nucleotides present in all eukaryotic trnas. this unit contains the two promoter blocks defined for rna polymera ...19853967666
development and morphology of rat synovial membrane.the development of the knee joint and synovial membrane in wistar rats was studied from the 13th fetal day until adulthood by means of light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. using acid phosphatase and peroxidase methods, the different cell types of synovial membrane could be identified.19853969821
structural identification of platelet activating factor in psoriatic scale.platelet activating factor was isolated from the lesional scale of psoriatic patients using the method described by bligh and dyer (8). the extract was subjected to thin layer chromatography, and the region of the plate co-migrating with platelet activating factor removed. a portion of each sample was assayed for aggregating activity using washed guinea-pig platelets and the remainder treated with phospholipase c, derivatised, and subjected to reversed phase high performance liquid chromatograph ...19853970690
spatial contrast sensitivity deficits in monkeys produced by optically induced anisometropia.an anisometropia was simulated in infant rhesus monkeys by securing a high-powered minus lens (-10 d) in front of one eye. the anisometropia rearing procedure was initiated at 30 days of age and was continued for durations of 30, 60, or 90 days. behavioral measurements of spatial contrast sensitivity obtained when the animals were 9 months of age indicated that the monkeys treated for 30 days had equal or nearly equal contrast sensitivities and cut-off spatial frequencies in the two eyes. the 30 ...19853972513
synthesis of bunyavirus-specific proteins in a continuous cell line (xtc-2) derived from xenopus laevis.the xtc-2 cell line, derived from xenopus laevis, supported the replication of representative viruses from each of the four genera in the family bunyaviridae. generally, viral titres were higher in xtc-2 cells than in other susceptible cell lines, and for some viruses plaques were detected earlier in xtc-2 cells. the xtc-2 cell line permitted comparative analyses of bunyavirus-specific protein synthesis. the patterns of synthesis of viral proteins, characteristic of each of the genera, were obse ...19853973561
effects of neuronal activity on inositol phospholipid metabolism in the rat autonomic nervous system.the effect of nerve stimulation on inositol phospholipid hydrolysis in autonomic tissue was assessed by direct measurement of [3h]inositol phosphate production in ganglia that had been preincubated with [3h]inositol. within minutes, stimulation of the preganglionic nerve increased the [3h]inositol phosphate content of the superior cervical sympathetic ganglion indicating increased hydrolysis of inositol phospholipids. this effect was blocked in a low ca2+, high mg2+ medium. it was also greatly r ...19853973589
noninvasive measurement of pressure/volume characteristics in human limb veins by electrical admittance plethysmography. 19853974317
[effects of porta-systemic shunts on the liver]. 19853979196
chronic cutaneous granulomatous dermopathy: morphologic and serologic evaluation, differential diagnosis and pharmacologic control.we report on a syndrome of disfiguring lower extremity cutaneous lesions of 6 years duration. previous medical evaluations included 5 skin biopsies and several therapeutic regimens which did not alter the course of illness. the histologic interpretations of skin biopsies included panniculitis, papulonecrosis, and granuloma. one biopsy was interpreted as a localized cutaneous vasculitis with a wedge-shaped infarct. infectious, collagen vascular, and factitious etiologies could not be demonstrated ...19853980110
complement and hla. further definition of high-risk haplotypes in insulin-dependent diabetes.the families of 41 probands with type i (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (iddm) were typed for hla-a, hla-b, and hla-dr antigens in addition to the complement polymorphisms c2, c4a, c4b, and bf. all of these loci are encoded on the short arm of human chromosome 6 in a narrow region. alleles at hla-b (8, 15, 18, and 40), hla-dr (3 and 4), and bf (f1) have been associated with increased relative risk (rr) for iddm, while hla-b7 and hla-dr2 have been associated with decreased rr for iddm. this ...19853987976
the effect of intermittent lighting on growth, feed:gain ratio, and abdominal fat content of broiler chickens of various genotypes and sex.intermittent lighting (il) regimens were tested for rearing broiler chickens from 2 to 7 weeks of age. in experiments 1 and 2, the effects of 6 cycles of light (l) and darkness (d) of 1l:3d vs. 12 cycles of .25l:1.75 d were compared on the performance of 2400 broiler chickens. eight genotypes of 5170 mixed-sex broilers were used to compare effects of 6 cycles of 1l:3d vs. 1 cycle per day of 23.5l:.5d on broiler performance (experiment 3). the sexes responded differently to two il regimens in exp ...19853991421
[persistent chlamydia infection in cell culture]. 19853993192
plasma prolactin in the rat during suckling without prior separation from pups.the relation between suckling and plasma prolactin (prl) was studied in the rat, without prior separation of the dam from its pups. when the pups were replaced by a hungry foster litter, upon renewed suckling plasma prl showed episodic increases and decreases in individual rats. when, subsequent to litter removal, similar rats were injected with perphenazine, a significant increase of plasma prl was observed. this indicates that a decline of plasma prl during suckling was not caused by exhaustio ...19853993313
the corneal endothelial cell interface.the apical edges of corneal endothelial cells have been separated along lines forming a crisscross pattern, by the help of a special method of preparation. the visualization by sem of the lateral faces of the cells is thereby made possible. the separation leads to the formation of thin strands spanning the gap between the apical edges of adjoining cells. they are formed by stretching of the normal apical flaps. this stretching demonstrates that the main intercellular adherence is located at the ...19853993338
the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in denmark. a report from the copenhagen study group of aids on the first 20 danish patients.twenty danish patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) had been diagnosed by january 1984, 14 of them after 1982. eighteen patients were male homosexuals, 8 of whom had visited the usa after 1979, 2 were heterosexual males with a history of sexual contacts in central africa, suggesting a transmission of aids from woman to man. aids has not been observed in drug abusers, hemophiliacs or transfused non-risk persons in denmark. the clinical picture varied according to the presenc ...19853993435
longitudinal study of salt preferences in normotensive and hypertensive rats.to determine whether age-related changes in salt preferences occur over the lifespans of spontaneously hypertensive rats (shr) and wistar-kyoto rats (wky), the same animals of each genotype were tested as juveniles, and as young and older adults. taste preference ratios for nacl and kcl, at concentrations from 0.001 to 1.0 m, were calculated using 24-hour, two-bottle preference tests of each salt versus distilled water. genotype exerted a significant effect on preference for both nacl and kcl (p ...19853997218
longitudinal study of salt preferences in normotensive and hypertensive rats.to determine whether age-related changes in salt preferences occur over the lifespans of spontaneously hypertensive rats (shr) and wistar-kyoto rats (wky), the same animals of each genotype were tested as juveniles, and as young and older adults. taste preference ratios for nacl and kcl, at concentrations from 0.001 to 1.0 m, were calculated using 24-hour, two-bottle preference tests of each salt versus distilled water. genotype exerted a significant effect on preference for both nacl and kcl (p ...19853997218
cadmium chloride susceptibility, a characteristic of campylobacter spp.we report a simple diagnostic characteristic useful in the presumptive identification of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. filter paper disks impregnated with cadmium chloride were placed on streaked agar medium. zones of growth inhibition for campylobacter spp. occurred at 1.25 micrograms per disk. other enteropathogens (salmonella spp., shigella spp., vibrio cholerae, vibrio parahaemolyticus, escherichia coli, and yersinia enterocolitica) were resistant to at least 40 micrograms per ...19853998099
complement activation and clearance in acute illness and injury: evidence for c5a as a cell-directed mediator of the adult respiratory distress syndrome in man.the appearance of the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ards) during the course of acute illness is believed to result, in part, from intrapulmonary neutrophil sequestration and degranulation induced by circulating inflammatory mediators. to evaluate the role of complement-neutrophil interactions in the pathogenesis of ards in man, 34 patients suffering from intra-abdominal sepsis (seven), multisystem trauma (15), or acute pancreatitis (12) were serially studied with regard to neutrophil migr ...19854002115
hemodilution during standardized hemorrhage in high-altitude acclimatized rats.ten control rats and sixteen high-altitude acclimatized rats were bled at sea level into a reservoir which maintained arterial pressure at 35 mm hg. as soon as the animals had spontaneously taken back 30% of the maximum bleeding volume, all the shed blood remaining in the reservoir was reinfused. hemodilution was studied during the first half phase of hypotension starting from the point of initial blood withdrawal and ending at the point of maximum blood loss. changes in hematocrit, hemoglobin c ...19854004677
hemodilution during standardized hemorrhage in high-altitude acclimatized rats.ten control rats and sixteen high-altitude acclimatized rats were bled at sea level into a reservoir which maintained arterial pressure at 35 mm hg. as soon as the animals had spontaneously taken back 30% of the maximum bleeding volume, all the shed blood remaining in the reservoir was reinfused. hemodilution was studied during the first half phase of hypotension starting from the point of initial blood withdrawal and ending at the point of maximum blood loss. changes in hematocrit, hemoglobin c ...19854004677
31p-saturation-transfer nuclear-magnetic-resonance measurements of phosphocreatine turnover in guinea-pig brain slices.the technique of 31p saturation-transfer n.m.r. was used to determine the forward and the reverse rate constants of creatine phosphotransferase in superfused guinea-pig cerebral tissues in vitro. the calculated forward rate constant of 0.22 +/- 0.03s-1 compared well with a previously reported value for rat brain in vivo [shoubridge, briggs & radda (1982) febs lett. 140, 288-292]. the reverse rate constant was found to be 0.55 +/- 0.10s-1. 3. by using concentrations of atp and phosphocreatine est ...19854004799
lack of effect of intranigral administration of a dopamine analogue, (+/-)-3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-n,n-propylpiperidine [(+/-)-3-ppp], on nigrostriatal dopamine neurones.bilateral injection of apomorphine into the zona reticulata of substantia nigra in rats reduced locomotor activity and striatal dopamine (da) turnover. in contrast, bilateral injection of (+/-)-3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-n,n-propylpiperidine [(+/-)-3-ppp] into the zona reticulata (zr) did not reduce locomotor activity and did not affect striatal da turnover. a high dose of (+/-)-3-ppp increased locomotor activity. unilateral injection of (+/-)-3-ppp, but not of apomorphine, into the zr induced a brief ...19854011049
[mechanism of the anti-arrhythmic action of phosphocreatine in acute myocardial ischemia].the association between phosphocreatine's antifibrillatory action and its effect on the excitement propagation processes in the ischemic area was investigated under acute coronary arterial occlusion in dogs. ischemia considerably reduced the amplitude, and increased the duration and time of onset, in local electrograms, and provoked cardiac fibrillation at the time of occlusion or during the recovery of coronary flow. a single intravenous injection of 300 mg/kg phosphocreatine eliminated cardiac ...19854021280
isolation and sequence of cdna clones coding for a member of the family of high mobility group proteins (hmg-t) in trout and analysis of hmg-t-mrna's in trout tissues.a specific oligonucleotide has been used to isolate a cdna prepared from the mrna for a trout high mobility group (hmg) protein closely related to trout hmg-t and bovine hmg 1 and 2 proteins. the sequence isolated more closely resembles bovine hmg-1 than the previously sequenced hmg-t protein in regions corresponding to the n terminal half of the protein. northern blot analysis at low stringency indicated that 2 related sequences are expressed in total trout testis mrna. southern blots of total ...19854022777
tenckhoff catheter obstruction resulting from invasion by curvularia lunata in the absence of peritonitis.a 60-year-old black woman on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (capd) presented with tenckhoff catheter malfunction. she exhibited no signs or symptoms of acute peritonitis. darkly pigmented plaques were adherent to the inner wall of the catheter and exchange tubing focally throughout its length. similar material was adherent to the protein coagulum in the dialysis bag. the tenckhoff catheter and tubing were removed, and hemodialysis was initiated. cultures of the catheter and the dialys ...19854025332
identification of urinary metabolites of the nephrotoxic hydrocarbon 2,2,4-trimethylpentane in male rats.the compound 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (2,2,4 tmp) is reported to be especially potent in inducing kidney lesions in male rats (1,2). although the pathology produced by 2,2,4 tmp has been examined (1), there are no reports concerning the metabolism of 2,2,4 tmp by the male rat. the eight principal urinary metabolites of 2,2,4 tmp found in the urine of fischer 344 male rats are: 2,2,4-trimethyl-1-pentanol, 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentanol, 2,4,4-trimethyl-2-pentanol, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1-pentanoic acid, 2,4, ...19854026835
[characteristics of a cell line obtained from a human hypernephroma].a stable tumorigenic cell line has been obtained from the human hypernephrome. the culture grew as monolayers of large polygonal cells with foamy cytoplasm and 1-2 nucleoli. the cells formed monolayer after the third day after planting into flask and then formed multilayered growth. the electron microscopic studies of hypernephrome sections revealed the dark and light cells. the hypernephrome cells have characteristics of tumor cells. on the 200th passage the cells are aneuploid with a model num ...19854027291
the effect of histone h1 on the compaction of oligonucleosomes. a quasielastic light scattering study.the structural properties of h1-depleted oligonucleosomes are investigated by the use of quasielastic laser light scattering, thermal denaturation and circular dichroism and compared to those of h1-containing oligomers. to obtain information on the role of histone h1 in compaction of nucleosomes, translational diffusion coefficients (d) are determined for mono-to octanucleosomes over a range of ionic strength. the linear dependences of d on the number of nucleosomes show that the conformation of ...19854027333
outbreak of shigella flexneri 1 infection in british columbia. 19854027813
myocardial recovery after hypothermic arrest: a comparison of oxygenated crystalloid to blood cardioplegia. the role of calcium.we compared multidose crystalloid hyperkalemic cardioplegic solutions with and without added red cells in 24 canine hearts subjected to 5 hr of arrest at 10 degrees c. all cardioplegic solutions were fully oxygenated at 4 degrees c before delivery. since blood cardioplegia contained ca++ carried over with the red cells, ca++ was added to the crystalloid solution in one group. the table below shows the hematocrit (hct) and ionized ca++ concentrations of the cardioplegic solutions, and coronary ar ...19854028363
myocardial recovery after hypothermic arrest: a comparison of oxygenated crystalloid to blood cardioplegia. the role of calcium.we compared multidose crystalloid hyperkalemic cardioplegic solutions with and without added red cells in 24 canine hearts subjected to 5 hr of arrest at 10 degrees c. all cardioplegic solutions were fully oxygenated at 4 degrees c before delivery. since blood cardioplegia contained ca++ carried over with the red cells, ca++ was added to the crystalloid solution in one group. the table below shows the hematocrit (hct) and ionized ca++ concentrations of the cardioplegic solutions, and coronary ar ...19854028363
stable oil-in-water emulsions: preparation and use as vaccine vehicles for lipophilic adjuvants.many of the most potent immunoadjuvants for inclusion in vaccines are extremely hydrophobic surfactants. lipophilic vehicles are needed as carriers for these water-insoluble adjuvants and to provide the hydrophilic-hydrophobic interfacial surface at which they act. we used emulsifiers comprised of fatty acid esters of polyoxyethylene sorbitan (tweens) or sorbitan (spans) to prepare oil-in-water (o/w) emulsions of hexadecane. emulsion stability could be predicted from a ratio of spectrophotometri ...19854036272
role of uricase in the triggering of germination of bacillus fastidiosus spores.the likelihood that uric acid was the only compound capable of triggering germination of bacillus fastidiosus spores was reinforced by the finding that ureidoglycollic acid, urea, nh4cl, 2,8-dihydroxypurine and a combination of l-alanine and o-carbamoyl-d-serine were ineffective as germinants. uric acid-triggered germination of b. fastidiosus was prevented by a range of inhibitors that also inhibited uricase activity in dormant spore extracts. o2 uptake during germination started immediately aft ...19854038258
site of interaction of serotonin and desglycinamide-arginine-vasopressin in maintenance of ethanol tolerance.rats trained to walk in a moving belt apparatus were subjected to a partial (fornix-fimbria (ff] or total (fornix-fimbria + cingulum bundles (ff + cb] chemical denervation of the dorsal serotonergic afferent pathways to the hippocampus. after chronic alcohol treatment that resulted in tolerance development to the motor-impairing effects of ethanol, desglycinamide-arginine8-vasopressin (dgavp) or saline treatment was started and the residual tolerance measured at several intervals after ethanol w ...19854038620
spatial distribution of retinol-binding protein and retinyl palmitate hydrolase activity in normal and vitamin a-deficient rat liver.a study was conducted to explore the spatial distribution within rat liver of two proteins importantly involved in retinoid metabolism in liver, namely, retinol-binding protein (rbp) and the enzyme retinyl palmitate hydrolase (rph). the study was conducted with both vitamin a-sufficient (control) and vitamin a-deficient rats. livers were carefully and reproducibly dissected into 11 sections each, and rbp levels and rph activities were measured for each section homogenate. both rbp and rph activi ...19854040159
sow (sus scrofa) follicular fluid: prostaglandin content and effect on the motility of isolated oviducts.the present study provides information regarding the effects of the sow follicular fluid (ff) on the motility of isolated segments of swine and rabbit oviducts. in addition, the concentration of prostaglandins (pgs) f2 alpha, e2 and e1 in the follicular fluid of sow ovaries isolated at different stages of the sex cycle as well as the generation of the same pgs by walls of ovarian follicles in early and late proestrus, in estrus, in metestrus and in diestrus, were explored. the stimulatory contra ...19854040260
local cerebral glucose utilization in normal female rats: variations during the estrous cycle and comparison with males.the quantitative 2-[14c]deoxyglucose autoradiographic method was used to study the fluctuations of energy metabolism in discrete brain regions of female rats during the estrous cycle. a consistent though statistically nonsignificant cyclic variation in average glucose utilization of the brain as a whole was observed. highest levels of glucose utilization occurred during proestrus and metestrus, whereas lower rates were found during estrus and diestrus. statistically significant fluctuations were ...19854040921
periosteal stress-induced reactions resembling stress fractures. a radiologic and histologic study in dogs.an external callus is always associated with so-called stress fractures, but a fracture line cannot always be demonstrated by radiologic means. in such instances it is assumed that an undisplaced fracture or microfracture must nevertheless exist for an external callus to form. in this experimental study, 18 beagles were immobilized in a shoulder spica for periods of time ranging from 6 to 32 weeks and then remobilized. at the time of sacrifice, which varied from four to 28 weeks after remobiliza ...19854042491
cryptococcal meningitis: presentation as sudden deafness.a patient presented with a bilateral profound hearing loss of sudden onset following a two-month neurologic illness. microscopy and culture of cerebrospinal fluid revealed cryptococcus neoformans. treatment with amphotericin b and 5-fluorocytosine failed to restore hearing. auditory brain stem response and electrical promontory stimulation suggest a profound deafness with poor neuronal survival. this is consistent with previous temporal bone histopathology reports in individuals dying of cryptoc ...19854050983
laminar origin of direct projection from cortex area v1 to v4 in the rhesus monkey.direct projection from cortex area v1 to v4 in the rhesus monkey was demonstrated by means of retrograde axonal transport of wheat germ agglutinin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp). this projection originated at the layers 2 and 3 of the only representation area of central visual field (0-6 degrees) in v1 and terminated at the central representation of v4, whereas there was no projection between the extracentral representations of v1 and v4. correlation of the present finding with the ...19854052788
drastic improvement in the rectal absorption profile of morphine in man.rectal absorption of morphine hcl from aqueous vehicles at different phs in man has been compared with an orally administered solution. plasma concentrations of morphine were measured by electrochemical hplc analysis after a single dose of 10 mg morphine hcl, in a cross-over study in 7 volunteers. rectal absorption of morphine was dependent on ph, which could be explained as being due to ph partitioning. the absorption rate and bioavailability could be greatly improved, as compared to orally adm ...19854054201
[reactions of hypothalamic neurons to stimulation of the pelvic and sciatic nerves].unit activity of posterior, tuberal and anterior parts of the hypothalamus was studied during stimulation of the pelvic nerve in anesthetized and immobilized cats. comparative analysis showed that neurons of the posterior hypothalamus were more responsive (89.6%) and had a shorter mean latency (33.3 +/- 2.4 msec) than neurons of more rostral parts of the hypothalamus. the focus of maximal pelvic-induced unit activity seems to be located in the posterior hypothalamus. the unit responses of the po ...19854054386
[dna synthesis in cultures of atrial and ventricular cardiomyocytes in the rat].by means of 3h-thymidine autoradiography dna replicative activity has been studied in cultured atrial and ventricular myocytes, and non-muscle cells from hearts of 2-week-old rats (age when cell proliferation in the myocardium is already significantly depressed). pas-reaction was used as a cytochemical marker of cardiomyocytes: atrial myocytes are richer in glycogen than ventricular cells. labeling indices of atrial myocytes after a 24 hour exposure to 3h-thymidine were higher than ventricular o ...19854060232
age-associated alterations in hepatic glutathione-s-transferase activities.age-associated alterations of hepatic cytosolic glutathione-s-transferase (gst) activities towards sulfobromophthalein sodium tetrahydrate (bsp), styrene oxide (stox), trans-4-phenyl-3-butene-2-one (pbo), 1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene (dcnb), and 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (cdnb) were investigated in fischer-344 rats of both sexes with ages ranging from 1.5 to 28 months. the gst activities towards pbo and dcnb in male rats increased with age till 6-12 months when maximum values were attained, and ...19854062964
effect of detergent on protein structure. action of detergents on secondary and oligomeric structures of band 3 from bovine erythrocyte membranes.with special interest in the mode of action of zwitterionic detergents on proteins, a variety of detergents were examined for their ability to disrupt the secondary and quaternary structures of an anion transport protein, band 3, and its cytoplasmic 38 kda fragment from bovine erythrocyte membranes and for their effect on the binding of an anion transport inhibitor to band 3. nonionic detergents and chaps also acted as a nondenaturant in these instances, as well accepted for other proteins. thou ...19854063373
convergence of influences from hypothalamus and locus coeruleus upon the olfactory tubercle.the interaction of locus coeruleus (lc) and lateral hypothalamus (lh) stimulation upon the evoked potentials and unitary activity in the olfactory tubercle (ot) were studied. the difference in latency of the evoked potentials in the ot by lc or by lh stimulation seems to indicate that thin fibers compose the lc-ot pathway and that thick fibers compose the lh-ot pathway. the most common pattern of ot neuronal discharge was in bursts. the train stimulation of the lc decreased the ot neuronal disch ...19854063550
an epidemic of acute diarrhoea in rural southern india associated with echovirus type 11 infection.an epidemic of diarrhoea with two distinct waves affected a village of 1375 people in southern india in 1983. the first wave of the epidemic, from the last week of december 1982, had a sharp peak in january 1983 and was over by march. echovirus type 11 was isolated from patients, who also had a serum antibody response to the virus. during the second wave of the epidemic, from may to september 1983, the clinical features were different and shigella flexneri was isolated without significant viral ...19854067300
fluorometric elisa method for rapid screening of anti-estrogen receptor antibody production in hybridoma cultures.a micro-fluorometric elisa which required only 50 microliter of reagent in each step is reported here for rapid detection of anti-estrogen receptor (er) antibody production by hybridoma cultures. in this study, several factors which influence the sensitivity of elisa, e.g., incubation time, substrates, microtiter plates, concentration of coating antigens, choice and concentration of specific antibody and enzyme were evaluated. we observed that micro-fluorometric elisa using 4-methylumbelliferyl ...19854067317
ledantec virus: identification as a rhabdovirus associated with human infection and formation of a new serogroup.ledantec virus, originally recovered in 1965 from a patient with a febrile illness in senegal, was observed by thin section electron microscopy to be bullet-shaped, representative of members of the rhabdovirus group, with mean dimensions of 164 x 78 nm. particles were observed budding from the plasma membrane and moderate numbers accumulated in the intercellular spaces. in three mammalian cell lines, ledantec virus was rapidly cytopathic and replicated to moderately high titres. in complement fi ...19854067583
classically conditioned hyperglycemia in the obese mouse.the obese (c57bl/6j ob/ob) mouse is a commonly used animal model of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. it has recently been demonstrated that this mouse is not consistently hyperglycemic, however, unless it is subjected to environmental stress. in the present study, hyperglycemia in obese mice was induced by classical conditioning. obese diabetic mice and lean control animals were exposed to shaking stress. all animals developed hyperglycemia in response to shaking. to demonstrate classica ...19854070525
[experience in the treatment of syphilis with penicillin combined with splenin]. 19854072396
[immune response in splenectomized children to anti-pneumococcal vaccination].the antibody response following anti-pneumococcal immunization with a 14-valent vaccine was studied in 54 children, aged 2 to 18 years after splenectomy. splenectomy had been performed for traumatic, hematologic or immunologic reasons. antibody titration with respect to 12 serotypes was performed by radioimmunoassay immediately before and one month after immunization. changes in responses were studied according to the indication for splenectomy and to the vaccine serotype. the main conclusions o ...19854074086
interdependence of regional expiratory flow.flows from different lung regions interact at the junctions of the bronchial tree, and flow from each region depends on the driving pressures for other regions. at each junction, flow from the region with the higher driving pressure is favored. as a result there is a limit on the difference in alveolar pressures that can develop during expiratory flow from a lung with regional differences in lung compliance and airway resistance. the limiting pressure difference is smaller for lower flow. a nonu ...19854077799
[determination of liver circulation with radionuclides. i. modification of 99mtc-mms accumulation in the liver using drugs].the rate constant of liver uptake of 99mtc-labelled millimicrospheres is taken to be a measure of nutritive res blood supply. animal experiments were used to determine whether this constant--similar to that of other colloids--is affected by drugs such as heparin or corticosteroids which alter res function. in rabbits, the scatter of k between individuals is quite large, with a standard deviation of 27%, whereas the scatter within an individual appears to be acceptable (8%). heparin does not chan ...19854080560
cardiac and systemic hemodynamic actions of the slow channel calcium blocking agent, kb-944.the effects of kb-944 (10-400 micrograms/kg/min, i.v.), a new slow channel calcium blocking agent, on myocardial oxygen utilization, regional myocardial perfusion and hemodynamics were measured in anesthetized dogs. kb-944 produced significant dose-related increases in coronary blood flow and decreases in heart rate, left ventricular systolic pressure, aortic blood pressure and peripheral vascular resistance. at high doses, peak positive and negative dp/dt were both reduced and left ventricular ...19854085780
fourteen years of shigellosis in dhaka: an epidemiological analysis.we examined whether the proportion of shigellae patients among diarrhoeal cases, the distribution, species, case-fatality rates and hospital visits changed over time in dhaka. we isolated 19639 shigella strains from 822812 diarrhoea cases treated at the international centre for diarrhoeal disease research, bangladesh (icddr,b), between 1969 and 1982. the number of cases increased from 209 (2.5%) in 1969 to 4833 (7.7%) in 1976. extrapolating from a 4% vigorous systematic sample of icddr,b hospita ...19854086147
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