Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| role of thymic epithelial cells in lymphoid depletion after experimental infection with the noncytopathogenic bvdv1 strain 7443. | thymic epithelial cells could play an important role in lymphoid depletion during bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) infection. to evaluate this hypothesis, we examined proliferation of lymphocytes, expression of cytokeratins by thymic epithelial cells, and ultrastructural features at sequential time points after experimental infection of colostrum-deprived calves with the noncytopathogenic bvdv1 strain 7443. ten clinically healthy friesian calves were used. eight were inoculated with the virus, ... | 2015 | 24842487 |
| characterization of the cytopathic bvdv strains isolated from 13 mucosal disease cases arising in a cattle herd. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is a positive single stranded rna virus belonging to the pestivirus genus of the flaviviridae family. bvdv has a wide host range that includes most ruminants. noncytopathic (ncp) bvdv may establish lifelong persistent infections in calves following infection of the fetus between 40 and 120 days of gestation. cytopathic (cp) bvdv strains arise from ncp strains via mutations. the most common cp mutations are insertions of rna derived from either host or a duplica ... | 2015 | 25300803 |
| serological relationships among subgroups in bovine viral diarrhea virus genotype 1 (bvdv-1). | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) has various economic impacts associated with diarrhea, poor performance, an increase in the frequency of other infections and lethal outcomes. both genotypes, namely bvdv-1 and bvdv-2, as well as different subgroups within these genotypes have been reported worldwide. understanding the serological differences among the bvdv subgroups is important for disease epidemiology and prevention as well as vaccination programs. the aim of this study was to determine the ... | 2015 | 25487441 |
| development of a rt-pcr elisa for simultaneous detection of bvdv-1, bvdv-2 and bdv in ruminants and its evaluation on clinical samples. | the aim of this study was to develop a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction elisa (rt-pcr elisa) for detection of ruminant pestiviruses and to evaluate its diagnostic performance on clinical samples obtained from cattle, sheep and goats. optimization was carried out by serial dilution of home-made digoxygenin-labelled rt-pcr product standards obtained from pestivirus isolates and pestivirus infected animals. the detection limit of the assay was 10tcid50/ml, similar to virus isolation ... | 2015 | 25486086 |
| homologous recombination in pestiviruses: identification of three putative novel events between different subtypes/genogroups. | viruses from the genus pestivirus of the family flaviviridae have a non-segmented, single-stranded rna genome and can cause diseases in animals from the order artiodactyla. homologous recombination is rarely reported in this virus family. to detect possible recombination events, all complete pestivirus genomes that are available in genbank were screened using distinct algorithms to detect genetic conversions and incongruent phylogenies. three putative recombinant viruses derived from recombinati ... | 2015 | 25562124 |
| porcine complement regulatory protein cd46 and heparan sulfates are the major factors for classical swine fever virus attachment in vitro. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) is the causative agent of a severe multi-systemic disease of pigs. while several aspects of virus-host-interaction are known, the early steps of infection remain unclear. for the closely related bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), a cellular receptor is known: bovine complement regulatory protein cd46. given that these two pestiviruses are closely related, porcine cd46 is also a candidate receptor for csfv. in addition to cd46, cell-culture-adapted csfv strains ... | 2015 | 25559665 |
| both foot-and-mouth disease virus and bovine viral diarrhea virus replication are inhibited by mx1 protein originated from porcine. | mx1 protein is i type interferons (ifns)-induced 76-kda guanosine triphosphatases (gtpases) that belong to the dynamin superfamily of large gtpases. mx1 proteins have attracted attention because some display antiviral activity against pathogenic rna and dna viruses. meanwhile, mx1 gene generally exists in organisms or cells of mammalian, fish and chicken. blocking a wide range of rna virus replication by inhibiting nuclear viral mrna synthesis is a unique property of mx1 protein. in order to inv ... | 2015 | 25153459 |
| epidemiology and genetic characterization of bvdv, bhv-1, bhv-4, bhv-5 and brucella spp. infections in cattle in turkey. | the aim of the study was to determine the epidemiological data of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1), bovine herpesvirus-4 (bhv-4), bovine herpesvirus-5 (bhv-5) and brucella-associated cattle that were previously reported to have abortion and infertility problems in ankara, corum, kirikkale and yozgat provinces, turkey. whole blood and sera samples were obtained from 656 cattle, and antibodies against brucella spp. were detected in 45 (6.86%) and 41 (6.25%) animals ... | 2015 | 26096964 |
| prediction of respiratory disease and diarrhea in veal calves based on immunoglobulin levels and the serostatus for respiratory pathogens measured at arrival. | failure of passive transfer is a common problem in calves destined for veal production. at present it is unknown whether the risk for respiratory disease (brd) or neonatal calf diarrhea (ncd) in the veal herd is associated with total immunoglobulin (ig) and/or on the serostatus for respiratory pathogens measured at arrival. therefore, the first objective of this prospective longitudinal cohort study was to determine associations between serum protein fractions as determined by routine electropho ... | 2015 | 25937168 |
| single pathogen challenge with agents of the bovine respiratory disease complex. | bovine respiratory disease complex (brdc) is an important cause of mortality and morbidity in cattle; costing the dairy and beef industries millions of dollars annually, despite the use of vaccines and antibiotics. brdc is caused by one or more of several viruses (bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine herpes type 1 also known as infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, and bovine viral diarrhea virus), which predispose animals to infection with one or more bacteria. these include: pasteurella mul ... | 2015 | 26571015 |
| occurrence of antibodies anti -toxoplasma gondii, neospora caninum and leptospira interrogans in a captive deer herd in southern brazil. | a large number of brazilian zoos keep many endangered species of deer, however, very few disease surveillance studies have been conducted among captive cervids. blood samples from 32 brazilian deer (blastocerus dichotomus, mazama nana and mazama americana) kept in captivity at bela vista biological sanctuary (foz do iguaçu, brazil) were investigated for 10 ruminant pathogens, with the aims of monitoring deer health status and evaluating any potential zoonotic risk. deer serum samples were tested ... | 2015 | 26689185 |
| effects of oral meloxicam administration to beef cattle receiving lipopolysaccharide administration or vaccination against respiratory pathogens. | this study evaluated the effects of oral meloxicam administration on metabolic, inflammatory, and acute-phase responses of beef cattle receiving a lipopolysaccharide (lps) challenge (exp. 1; d -1 to 6) or vaccinated against respiratory pathogens (exp. 2; d 7 to 21). twenty-one angus steers ( = 11) and heifers ( = 10) were housed in individual pens on d -15 and were offered free-choice water, mineral-vitamin mix, and hay until d 21. in exp. 1, cattle were ranked on d -1 by sex and bw and assigned ... | 2015 | 26523594 |
| comparison of reproductive performance of primiparous dairy cattle following revaccination with either modified-live or killed multivalent viral vaccines in early lactation. | the objective of this randomized clinical trial was to compare the effect of revaccination in primiparous dairy cows with modified live viral (mlv) or killed viral (kv) vaccines containing bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) and bovine herpesvirus-1 (bohv-1) on (1) pregnancy rate following estrus synchronization-timed artificial insemination (tai), (2) serum progesterone concentrations, and (3) serum neutralizing antibody titers at revaccination and at tai. primiparous dairy cows (n=692) that had ... | 2015 | 26454300 |
| anti-bovine herpesvirus and anti-bovine viral diarrhea virus antibody responses in pregnant holstein dairy cattle following administration of a multivalent killed virus vaccine. | to determine the effect of a commercially available multivalent killed virus vaccine on serum neutralizing (sn) and colostrum neutralizing (cn) antibodies against bovine herpesvirus (bhv) type 1 and bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) types 1 and 2 in pregnant dairy cattle. | 2015 | 26413830 |
| characterization of thymus atrophy in calves with subclinical bvd challenged with bhv-1. | since the thymus is a target organ for the bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), our experiment aimed to understand its relationship with the immunosuppressive effect by studying the consequences of a previous infection with bvdv on the thymus of calves challenged with bovine herpesvirus 1.1 (bhv-1). for this purpose, 12 animals were inoculated intranasally with non-cytopathic bvdv-1; 12 days later, 10 of them were coinfected intranasally with bhv-1. these animals were euthanized in batches of two ... | 2015 | 25759294 |
| association of bovine respiratory disease or vaccination with serologic response in dairy heifer calves up to three months of age. | to investigate the association of bovine respiratory disease (brd) or vaccination with serologic response in calves. | 2015 | 25710760 |
| systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of commercially available vaccines against bovine herpesvirus, bovine viral diarrhea virus, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, and parainfluenza type 3 virus for mitigation of bovine respiratory disease complex in cattle. | to evaluate and analyze data from controlled studies on the effectiveness of vaccinating cattle with commercially available viral antigen vaccines for mitigation of the effects of bovine respiratory disease complex (brdc). | 2015 | 25517335 |
| effect of vaccination with a multivalent modified-live viral vaccine on reproductive performance in synchronized beef heifers. | prebreeding vaccination should provide fetal and abortive protection against bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) and bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1) but not impede reproduction when administered to cattle before estrus synchronization and breeding. the objective was to assess reproductive performance when naive beef heifers were vaccinated with modified-live viral (mlv) vaccine 2 days after unsynchronized estrus, and then revaccinated with mlv vaccine at 10 or 31 days before synchronized natural br ... | 2015 | 25515363 |
| association of histophilus somni with spontaneous abortions in dairy cattle herds from brazil. | this study investigated the participation of infectious agents in spontaneous abortions and reproductive problems at eight dairy cattle herds from three geographical regions of brazil. fourteen aborted fetuses and the organ sections of one cow with history of repeated abortions were received for pathological evaluations and molecular diagnostics. pcr/rt-pcr assays targeted specific genes of abortifacient agents of cattle: bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1), listeri ... | 2015 | 25480485 |
| effects of preinfection with bovine viral diarrhea virus on immune cells from the lungs of calves inoculated with bovine herpesvirus 1.1. | the aim of this work was to study the interstitial aggregates of immune cells observed in pulmonary parenchyma of calves preinfected with bovine viral diarrhea virus and challenged later with bovine herpesvirus 1. in addition, the intent of this research was to clarify the role of bovine viral diarrhea virus in local cell-mediated immunity and potentially in predisposing animals to bovine respiratory disease complex. twelve friesian calves, aged 8 to 9 months, were inoculated with noncytopathic ... | 2015 | 25322747 |
| first detection of bovine viral diarrhoea virus type 2 in cattle in spain. | bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) is a member of the genus pestivirus that belongs to the family flaviviridae. bvdv is found worldwide in cattle population and causes significant economic losses to the dairy and beef industries. two distinct genotypes of bvdv exist: bvdv type 1 (bvdv-1) and bvdv type 2 (bvdv-2). | 2015 | 26392905 |
| construction and immunogenicity of the recombinant lactobacillus acidophilus pmg36e-e0-la-5 of bovine viral diarrhea virus. | bovine viral diarrhea/mucosal disease (bvd/md) is an infectious disease of cattle with a worldwide distribution, creating a substantial economic impact. it is caused by bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv). this research was conducted to construct the recombinant lactobacillus acidophilus (l. acidophilus) pmg36e-e0-la-5 of bvdv e0 gene and to test its immunogenicity and protective efficacy against bvdv infection in the mice model. the bvdv e0 gene was sub-cloned into the expression vector and then ... | 2015 | 26386184 |
| complexation of a 1-indanone thiosemicarbazone with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin enhances its activity against a hepatitis c virus surrogate model. | the current standard of care of the infection by hepatitis c virus (hcv) is effective in a limited number of patients and the high cost hinders therapy affordability and compliance. in this context, the research of new direct-acting antiviral agents (daas) for a more effective and long-lasting therapy is an urgent need and an area of active investigation. in an effort to develop novel daas, a series of 1-indanone thiosemicarbazones (tscs) was synthesized and fully characterized. however, the hig ... | 2015 | 26369033 |
| evaluation of the epidemiological and economic consequences of control scenarios for bovine viral diarrhea virus in dairy herds. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is an important endemic infection. however, no information was available on whether it would be economically beneficial to implement a national control program in the netherlands. therefore, a stochastic simulation model was developed in which control scenarios were added to compare the epidemiological and economic consequences of bvdv control in dutch dairy herds in the next 10 yr. in the epidemiological part of the model, herds could be classified as suscepti ... | 2015 | 26364098 |
| characterization of the determinants of ns2-3-independent virion morphogenesis of pestiviruses. | a peculiarity of the flaviviridae is the critical function of nonstructural (ns) proteins for virus particle formation. for pestiviruses, like bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), uncleaved ns2-3 represents an essential factor for virion morphogenesis, while ns3 is an essential component of the viral replicase. accordingly, in natural pestivirus isolates, processing at the ns2-3 cleavage site is not complete, to allow for virion morphogenesis. virion morphogenesis of the related hepatitis c virus ... | 2015 | 26355097 |
| global transcriptomic profiling of bovine endometrial immune response in vitro. ii. effect of bovine viral diarrhea virus on the endometrial response to lipopolysaccharide. | infection with noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus (ncpbvdv) is associated with uterine disease and infertility. this study investigated the influence of ncpbvdv on immune functions of the bovine endometrium by testing the response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps). primary cultures of mixed epithelial and stromal cells were divided into four treatment groups (control [cont], bvdv, cont+lps, and bvdv+lps) and infected with ncpbvdv for 4 days followed by treatment with lps for 6 h. whol ... | 2015 | 26353892 |
| cytopathic bvdv-1 strain induces immune marker production in bovine cells through the nf-κb signaling pathway. | the bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv-1) is a pathogen responsible for high economic losses in the cattle industry worldwide. this virus has the capacity to modulate the immune system of several higher vertebrates, but there is little information available on the cell infection mechanism. to further investigate the effects of bvdv-1 on the activation of the immune response, the madin-darby bovine kidney cell line was infected with the cytopathic ch001 field isolate of bvdv-1, and the proinflamma ... | 2015 | 26330089 |
| comparison of the breadth and complexity of bovine viral diarrhea (bvdv) populations circulating in 34 persistently infected cattle generated in one outbreak. | exposure to bovine viral diarrhea viruses (bvdv) results in acute and persistent infections. persistent infections result from in utero exposure during the first trimester of gestation. clinical presentation, in persistently infected cattle (pi), is highly variable. the reasons for this variation is largely unknown. the bvdv circulating in pi exist as quasispecies (swarms of individual viruses). an outbreak resulting in 34 pi cattle presented an opportunity to compare a large number of pi׳s. met ... | 2015 | 26319211 |
| development of a taqman assay for sensitive detection of all pestiviruses infecting cattle, including the emerging hobi-like strains. | a real-time rt-pcr assay based on the taqman technology was developed for rapid and sensitive detection of pestiviruses infecting cattle, i.e., bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) 1, bvdv-2, and the emerging hobi-like pestiviruses. the assay was linear and reproducible, being able to detect as few as 10 copies of viral rna. by real-time rt-pcr analysis of 986 biological samples collected from cattle herd with clinical signs suggestive of pestivirus infection and from animals recruited in a pestiv ... | 2015 | 26300370 |
| acute infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus of low or high virulence leads to depletion and redistribution of wc1(+) γδ t cells in lymphoid tissues of beef calves. | the objective of this study was to determine the abundance and distribution of γδ t lymphocytes in lymphoid tissue during acute infection with high (hv) or low virulence (lv) non-cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) in beef calves. this study was performed using tissue samples from a previous experiment in which thirty beef calves were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: lv [n=10; animals inoculated intranasally (in) with lv bvdv-1a (strain sd-1)], hv [n=10; animals inoculated in with h ... | 2015 | 26282369 |
| development of an apc-targeted multivalent e2-based vaccine against bovine viral diarrhea virus types 1 and 2. | the aim of this study was to develop and test a multivalent subunit vaccine against bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) based on the e2 virus glycoprotein belonging to genotypes 1a, 1b and 2a, immunopotentiated by targeting these antigens to antigen-presenting cells. the e2 antigens were expressed in insect cells by a baculovirus vector as fusion proteins with a single chain antibody, named apch i, which recognizes the β-chain of the mhc class ii antigen. the three chimeric proteins were evaluate ... | 2015 | 26279338 |
| measuring the effectiveness of gaseous virus disinfectants. | the efficacy of gaseous disinfection is critical for prevention and treatment of microbial contamination in biotechnological facilities. for an evaluation of gaseous disinfection efficacy, a down-scaled laboratory model was established, using currently available carrier tests and a custom-made dry fog box. a mixture of peroxyacetic acid and hydrogen peroxide (paa/hp) was investigated as example, at concentrations between 0.4 and 2.9 ml/m(3) for up to 3 h for inactivation of a panel of lipid-enve ... | 2015 | 26260690 |
| herd-level prevalence and associated risk factors for toxoplasma gondii, neospora caninum, chlamydia abortus and bovine viral diarrhoea virus in commercial dairy and beef cattle in eastern, northern and northeastern china. | although the seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii, neospora caninum, chlamydia abortus and bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in cattle have been reported in some areas in china, most of them were conducted with small number of cattle samples and very limited districts and neglected the assessment of herd management factors associated with herd-level prevalence of these pathogen infections. thus, from september 2013 to december 2014, a large-scale seroprevalence study was conducted to determin ... | 2015 | 26231838 |
| correction: prevalence study and genetic typing of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) in four bovine species in china. | 2015 | 26230393 | |
| bovine viral diarrhea virus-associated disease in feedlot cattle. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is associated with bovine respiratory disease complex and other diseases of feedlot cattle. although occasionally a primary pathogen, bvdv's impact on cattle health is through the immunosuppressive effects of the virus and its synergism with other pathogens. the simple presence or absence of bvdv does not result in consistent health outcomes because bvdv is only one of many risk factors that contribute to disease syndromes. current interventions have limitation ... | 2015 | 26210765 |
| what variables are important in predicting bovine viral diarrhea virus? a random forest approach. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) causes one of the most economically important diseases in cattle, and the virus is found worldwide. a better understanding of the disease associated factors is a crucial step towards the definition of strategies for control and eradication. in this study we trained a random forest (rf) prediction model and performed variable importance analysis to identify factors associated with bvdv occurrence. in addition, we assessed the influence of features selection on r ... | 2015 | 26208851 |
| genetic variability of bovine viral diarrhea virus and evidence for a possible genetic bottleneck during vertical transmission in persistently infected cattle. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), a pestivirus in the family flaviviridae, is an economically important pathogen of cattle worldwide. the primary propagators of the virus are immunotolerant persistently infected (pi) cattle, which shed large quantities of virus throughout life. despite the absence of an acquired immunity against bvdv in these pi cattle there are strong indications of viral variability that are of clinical and epidemiological importance. in this study the variability of e2 and ... | 2015 | 26132819 |
| structures and functions of pestivirus glycoproteins: not simply surface matters. | pestiviruses, which include economically important animal pathogens such as bovine viral diarrhea virus and classical swine fever virus, possess three envelope glycoproteins, namely erns, e1, and e2. this article discusses the structures and functions of these glycoproteins and their effects on viral pathogenicity in cells in culture and in animal hosts. e2 is the most important structural protein as it interacts with cell surface receptors that determine cell tropism and induces neutralizing an ... | 2015 | 26131960 |
| survey on vertical infection of bovine viral diarrhea virus from fetal bovine sera in the field. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) isolation and antibody survey were performed using 2,758 fetal bovine sera (fbs) collected from slaughterhouses in new zealand, australia and the dominican republic, and then sent to japan to manufacture commercial serum for cell culture use. fbs in the dominican republic were pooled for each several individuals, and those collected in other countries were separated according to each individual and subjected to the tests. bvdv was isolated from 25 (0.91%) fbs, ... | 2015 | 26074250 |
| complete genome sequence of a bovine viral diarrhea virus subgenotype 1e strain isolated in switzerland. | we sequenced the complete genome of the bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) strain carlito. it belongs to the subgenotype 1e that is described in europe only and represents the second most prevalent subgenotype in switzerland. this is the first report of a full-length sequence of bvdv-1e. | 2015 | 26067971 |
| perspective on bvdv control programs. | programs for control and eradication of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) are often considered prudent when the expense of a control program within a specified time frame effectively prevents loss due to disease and the expense of control does not exceed the costs associated with infection. in some geographic areas, concerns about animal welfare or desires to reduce antibiotic usage may motivate bvdv control even when control programs are associated with a lack of financial return on investment ... | 2015 | 26050576 |
| hobi-like viruses--the typical 'atypical bovine pestivirus'. | hobi-like viruses, also referred to as bovine viral diarrhea virus 3 (bvdv-3) and atypical pestivirus, have been proposed as a new putative bovine pestivirus species. these viruses were first identified in the last decade and are currently distributed in at least three continents. published findings suggest that these viruses may be endemic at least in parts of south america and asia. the clinical presentations in cattle, described in field outbreaks and controlled studies, are similar to those ... | 2015 | 26050574 |
| bungowannah virus--a probable new species of pestivirus--what have we found in the last 10 years? | bungowannah virus was discovered following an outbreak of stillbirths and sudden death in young pigs. affected animals consistently showed a myocardopathy with signs of cardiac failure. after virus isolation and pcr investigations were unsuccessful, direct fetal inoculation was undertaken. nucleic acid purified from serum from infected fetuses was subjected to sequence-independent single-primer amplification and nucleic acid sequencing. sequences consistent with a pestivirus were obtained. the e ... | 2015 | 26050573 |
| impact of species and subgenotypes of bovine viral diarrhea virus on control by vaccination. | bovine viral diarrhea viruses (bvdv) are diverse genetically and antigenically. this diversity impacts both diagnostic testing and vaccination. in north america, there are two bvdv species, 1 and 2 with 3 subgenotypes, bvdv1a, bvdv1b and bvdv2a. initially, us vaccines contained bvdv1a cytopathic strains. with the reporting of bvdv2 severe disease in canada and the usa there was focus on protection by bvdv1a vaccines on bvdv2 disease. there was also emphasis of controlling persistently infected ( ... | 2015 | 26050571 |
| bvdv vaccination in north america: risks versus benefits. | the control and prevention of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) infections has provided substantial challenges. viral genetic variation, persistent infections, and viral tropism for immune cells have complicated disease control strategies. vaccination has, however, provided an effective tool to prevent acute systemic infections and increase reproductive efficiency through fetal protection. there has been substantial controversy about the safety and efficacy of bvdv vaccines, especially when com ... | 2015 | 26050569 |
| innate and adaptive immune responses to in utero infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus. | infection of pregnant cows with noncytopathic (ncp) bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) induces rapid innate and adaptive immune responses, resulting in clearance of the virus in less than 3 weeks. seven to 14 days after inoculation of the cow, ncpbvdv crosses the placenta and induces a fetal viremia. establishment of persistent infection with ncpbvdv in the fetus has been attributed to the inability to mount an immune response before 90-150 days of gestational age. the result is 'immune toleranc ... | 2015 | 26050568 |
| immune response to bovine viral diarrhea virus--looking at newly defined targets. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) has long been associated with a wide variety of clinical syndromes and immune dysregulation, many which result in secondary bacterial infections. current understanding of immune cell interactions that result in activation and tolerance are explored in light of bvdv infection including: depletion of lymphocytes, effects on neutrophils, natural killer cells, and the role of receptors and cytokines. in addition, we review some new information on the effect of bvdv ... | 2015 | 26050567 |
| bovine viral diarrhea virus type 2 in vivo infection modulates tlr4 responsiveness in differentiated myeloid cells which is associated with decreased myd88 expression. | symptoms of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) infection range from subclinical to severe, depending on strain virulence. several in vitro studies showed bvdv infection impaired leukocyte function. fewer studies have examined the effects of in vivo bvdv infection on monocyte/macrophage function, especially with strains of differing virulence. we characterized cytokine production by bovine myeloid cells isolated early or late in high (hv) or low virulence (lv) bvdv2 infection. given bvdv infectio ... | 2015 | 26043978 |
| bovine viral diarrhea virus outbreak in a beef cow herd in south dakota. | 136 pregnant beef cows were purchased in the fall of 2003. the following spring, 128 cows calved as expected; 8 cows were believed to have aborted with the fetuses unavailable for evaluation. of the 128 calves born, 8 died within 2 weeks after birth and 9 were born with congenital abnormalities. | 2015 | 26043135 |
| cross-priming amplification for detection of bovine viral diarrhoea virus species 1 and 2. | the aim of the study was the development of cross-priming amplification for ubiquitous detection of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) species 1 and 2. | 2015 | 26041144 |
| the effects of reference genes in qrt-pcr assays for determining the immune response of bovine cells (mdbk) infected with the bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (bvdv-1). | the bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) causes significant economic losses to the dairy industry worldwide, and understanding its infection mechanisms would be extremely useful in designing new and efficient treatments. due to the limited number of specific antibodies against bovine proteins, differential gene expression analyses are vital for researching host immune responses to viral infection. qrt-pcr provides a sensitive platform to conduct such gene expression analyses, but suitable housekee ... | 2015 | 26004977 |
| full-length coding sequences for 12 bovine viral diarrhea virus isolates from persistently infected cattle in a feedyard in kansas. | we report here the full-length coding sequences of 12 bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) isolates from persistently infected cattle in a feedyard in southwest ks. these 12 genomes represent the three major subtypes of bvdv (bvdv-1a, 1b, and 2a) currently circulating in the united states. | 2015 | 25999576 |
| simple indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect antibodies against bovine viral diarrhea virus, based on prokaryotically expressed recombinant mbp-ns3 protein. | bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) is an economically important disease of cattle distributed worldwide. diagnosis of bvd relies on laboratory-based detection of its viral causing agent or virus specific antibodies and the most common laboratory method for this purpose is enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). | 2015 | 25964844 |
| molecular analyses detect natural coinfection of water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) with bovine viral diarrhea viruses (bvdv) in serologically negative animals. | infection of water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) with bovine viral diarrhea viruses (bvdv) has been confirmed in several studies by serological and molecular techniques. in order to determine the presence of persistently infected animals and circulating species and subtypes of bvdv we conducted this study on a buffalo herd, whose habitat was shared with bovine cattle (bossp.). our serological results showed a high level of positivity for bvdv-1 and bvdv-2 within the buffalo herd. the molecular ana ... | 2015 | 25962538 |
| viral dose and immunosuppression modulate the progression of acute bvdv-1 infection in calves: evidence of long term persistence after intra-nasal infection. | bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) infection of cattle causes a diverse range of clinical outcomes from being asymptomatic, or a transient mild disease, to producing severe cases of acute disease leading to death. four groups of calves were challenged with a type 1 bvdv strain, originating from a severe outbreak of bvdv in england, to study the effect of viral dose and immunosuppression on the viral replication and transmission of bvdv. three groups received increasing amounts of virus: group a ... | 2015 | 25955849 |
| efficacy of multivalent, modified- live virus (mlv) vaccines administered to early weaned beef calves subsequently challenged with virulent bovine viral diarrhea virus type 2. | vaccination of young calves against bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is desirable in dairy and beef operations to reduce clinical disease and prevent spread of the virus among cattle. although protection from clinical disease by multivalent, modified-live virus (mlv) vaccines has been demonstrated, the ability of mlv vaccines to prevent viremia and viral shedding in young calves possessing passive immunity is not known. the purpose of this study was to compare the ability of three different ml ... | 2015 | 25880998 |
| experimental infection of mice with bovine viral diarrhea virus. | the objective of this study was to test the ability of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) to infect mice. two mice each were either mock infected or inoculated with one of three bvdv strains by the intraperitoneal (ip) (n = 8) or intranasal (in) (n = 8) route. all mice were euthanized at day 7 postinfection (p.i.). none of the infected mice exhibited any clinical signs of illness; however, the tissues harvested after bvdv challenge showed significant histopathological changes. blood samples from ... | 2015 | 25850760 |
| prevalence study and genetic typing of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) in four bovine species in china. | to determine the nationwide status of persistent bvdv infection in different bovine species in china and compare different test methods, a total of 1379 serum samples from clinical healthy dairy cattle, beef cattle, yaks (bos grunniens), and water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) were collected in eight provinces of china from 2010 to 2013. the samples were analyzed using commercial antibody (ab) and antigen (ag) detection kits, and rt-pcr based on the 5'-utr and npro gene sequencing. results showed th ... | 2015 | 25849315 |
| expression of bovine viral diarrhea virus envelope glycoprotein e2 in yeast pichia pastoris and its application to an elisa for detection of bvdv neutralizing antibodies in cattle. | the aim of this article is to express envelope glycoprotein e2 of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) in yeast pichia pastoris and its utility as a diagnostic antigen in elisa. the bvdv e2 gene was cloned into the ppiczαa vector followed by integration into the pichia pastoris strain x-33 genome for methanol-induced expression. sds-page and western blot results showed that the recombinant bvdv e2 protein (72 kda) was expressed and secreted into the medium at a concentration of 40 mg/l of culture ... | 2015 | 25837831 |
| modelling the spread of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) in a beef cattle herd and its impact on herd productivity. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is a common pathogen of cattle herds that causes economic losses due to reproductive disorders in breeding cattle and increased morbidity and mortality amongst infected calves. our objective was to evaluate the impact of bvdv spread on the productivity of a beef cow-calf herd using a stochastic model in discrete time that accounted for (1) the difference in transmission rates when animals are housed indoors versus grazing on pasture, (2) the external risk of di ... | 2015 | 25828555 |
| development of sheep kidney cells with increased resistance to different subgenotypes of bvdv-1 by rna interference. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) should be a ubiquitous viral pathogen to the cattle and sheep industry. this pathogen is responsible for severe economic losses. we previously showed that plasmid-mediated dual short hairpin rna (shrna) efficiently inhibit bvdv replication in bovine kidney epithelial (mdbk) cells. in this study, we delivered the dual shrna system to sheep fibroblasts and generated transgenic cell colonies. these transgenic fibroblasts were further used for somatic cell nuclear ... | 2015 | 25813600 |
| isoxanthohumol--biologically active hop flavonoid. | isoxanthohumol (ixn), apart from xanthohumol (xn) and 8-prenylnaringenin (8pn), is one of the most important prenylflavonoids found in hops. another natural source of this compound is a shrub sophora flavescens, used in traditional chinese medicine. main dietary source of ixn is beer, and the compound is produced from xn during wort boiling. in the human body, the compound is o-demethylated to 8pn, the strongest known phytoestrogen. this process takes place in the liver and in the intestine, whe ... | 2015 | 25771121 |
| development of an enhanced bovine viral diarrhea virus subunit vaccine based on e2 glycoprotein fused to a single chain antibody which targets to antigen-presenting cells. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is an important cause of economic losses worldwide. e2 is an immunodominant protein and a promising candidate to develop subunit vaccines. to improve its immunogenicity, a truncated e2 (te2) was fused to a single chain antibody named apch, which targets to antigen-presenting cells. apch-te2 and te2 proteins were expressed in the baculovirus system and their immunogenicity was firstly compared in guinea pigs. apch-te2 vaccine was the best one to evoke a humoral ... | 2015 | 25697468 |
| complete genome sequence of bovine viral diarrhea virus 2 japanese reference and vaccine strain kz-91cp. | in this study, we report the complete genome sequence of the bovine viral diarrhea virus 2 japanese reference strain kz-91cp. the complete genome comprises 12,654 nucleotides and one open reading frame with 4,020 amino acids. a 369-nucleotide-long insertion encoding the chaperone protein dnaj is found in the nonstructural 2 (ns2) coding region. | 2015 | 25676770 |
| genetic characterization of bovine viral diarrhea virus strains in beijing, china and innate immune responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in persistently infected dairy cattle. | to acquire epidemiological data on the bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) and identify cattle persistently infected (pi) with this virus, 4,327 samples from holstein dairy cows were screened over a four-year period in beijing, china. eighteen bvd viruses were isolated, 12 from pi cattle. based on genetic analysis of their 5'-untranslated region (5'-utr), the 18 isolates were assigned to subgenotype bvdv-1m, 1a, 1d, 1q, and 1b. to investigate the innate immune responses in the peripheral-blood mo ... | 2015 | 26119170 |
| a transgenic ginseng vaccine for bovine viral diarrhea. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) infections are endemic in cattle populations worldwide and cause major economic losses. thus, an effective vaccine is needed against the transmission of bvdv. the glycoprotein e(rns) is one of the envelope proteins of this virus and shows bvdv-related immunogenicity. here, we report the use of panax ginseng as an alternative production platform for the expression of glycoprotein e(rns) via agrobacterium-mediated transformation. | 2015 | 25948546 |
| real-time detection of a virus using detection dogs. | viral infections are ubiquitous in humans, animals, and plants. real-time methods to identify viral infections are limited and do not exist for use in harsh or resource-constrained environments. previous research identified that tissues produce unique volatile organic compounds (voc) and demonstrated that voc concentrations change during pathologic states, including infection, neoplasia, or metabolic disease. patterns of voc expression may be pathogen specific and may be associated with an odor ... | 2015 | 26779494 |
| xrn1 stalling in the 5' utr of hepatitis c virus and bovine viral diarrhea virus is associated with dysregulated host mrna stability. | we demonstrate that both hepatitis c virus (hcv) and bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) contain regions in their 5' utrs that stall and repress the enzymatic activity of the cellular 5'-3' exoribonuclease xrn1, resulting in dramatic changes in the stability of cellular mrnas. we used biochemical assays, virus infections, and transfection of the hcv and bvdv 5' untranslated regions in the absence of other viral gene products to directly demonstrate the existence and mechanism of this novel host-v ... | 2015 | 25747802 |
| environmental factors influencing white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) exposure to livestock pathogens in wisconsin. | white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) are commonly exposed to disease agents that affect livestock but environmental factors that predispose deer to exposure are unknown for many pathogens. we trapped deer during winter months on two study areas (northern forest and eastern farmland) in wisconsin from 2010 to 2013. deer were tested for exposure to six serovars of leptospira interrogans (grippotyphosa, icterohaemorrhagiae, canicola, bratislava, pomona, and hardjo), bovine viral diarrhea viru ... | 2015 | 26030150 |
| production of monoclonal antibody against recombinant polypeptide from the erns coding region of the bovine viral diarrhea virus. | bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) is an economically important cattle disease with a worldwide distribution. detection and elimination of animals persistently infected (pi) with bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is essential for the control of bvd and eradication of bvdv. there are usually no pathognomonic clinical signs of bvdv infection. diagnostic investigations therefore rely on laboratory-based detection of the virus, or virus-induced antigens or antibodies. | 2015 | 26870309 |
| estimation of nasal shedding and seroprevalence of organisms known to be associated with bovine respiratory disease in australian live export cattle. | the prevalence of organisms known to be associated with bovine respiratory disease (brd) was investigated in cattle prior to export. a quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay was used to detect nucleic acids from the following viruses and bacteria in nasal swab samples: bovine coronavirus (bocv; betacoronavirus 1), bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1), bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (bvdv-1), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), bovine parainfluenza virus 3 (bpiv-3), his ... | 2015 | 25525134 |
| immunological response to single pathogen challenge with agents of the bovine respiratory disease complex: an rna-sequence analysis of the bronchial lymph node transcriptome. | susceptibility to bovine respiratory disease (brd) is multi-factorial and is influenced by stress in conjunction with infection by both bacterial and viral pathogens. while vaccination is broadly used in an effort to prevent brd, it is far from being fully protective and cases diagnosed from a combination of observed clinical signs without any attempt at identifying the causal pathogens are usually treated with antibiotics. dairy and beef cattle losses from brd are profound worldwide and genetic ... | 2015 | 26121276 |
| serological detection of infection dynamics for respiratory viruses among dairy calves. | the aim of this study is to reveal infection dynamics of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (pi-3), bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1), bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), bovine adenovirus type 3 (bav-3) and bovine coronavirus (bcov), which are important viral pathogens of respiratory disease complex in ruminants. through such an analysis, the regression period of maternally derived antibodies and optimum vaccination time in calves can be recommended. a total ... | 2015 | 26380946 |
| pestivirus infection in reindeer (rangifer tarandus). | reindeer species (rangifer tarandus, linnaeus, 1758) includes wild and semi-domesticated ruminants belonging to capreaolinae subfamily of cervidae family reared in eurasia (reindeer subspecies) and north america (caribou subspecies). herding of reindeer has a great historical, socio-economic and ecological importance, especially to indigenous ethnic minorities. infectious disease threats may therefore impact not solely the animal population driving it to further extinction and irreversible alter ... | 2015 | 26579094 |
| serologic, trace element, and fecal parasite survey of free-ranging, female mule deer (odocoileus hemionus) in eastern washington, usa. | blood and fecal samples collected from 97 free-ranging mule deer (odocoileus hemionus), from four distinct herds during the spring of 2000 or 2001 in eastern washington, us, were tested for exposure to selected pathogens, concentrations of trace elements, and presence of parasites in feces. antibodies were detected to the following: leptospira interrogans serovar bratislava (4%), leptospira interrogans serovar canicola (1%), leptospira interrogans serovar grippotyphosa (13%), bovine viral diarrh ... | 2015 | 25380366 |
| ligand-responsive rna mechanical switches. | ligand-responsive rna mechanical switches represent a new class of simple switching modules that adopt well-defined ligand-free and bound conformational states, distinguishing them from metabolite-sensing riboswitches. initially discovered in the internal ribosome entry site (ires) of hepatitis c virus (hcv), these rna switch motifs were found in the genome of diverse other viruses. although large variations are seen in sequence and local secondary structure of the switches, their function in vi ... | 2015 | 26158858 |
| the molecular biology of pestiviruses. | pestiviruses are among the economically most important pathogens of livestock. the biology of these viruses is characterized by unique and interesting features that are both crucial for their success as pathogens and challenging from a scientific point of view. elucidation of these features at the molecular level has made striking progress during recent years. the analyses revealed that major aspects of pestivirus biology show significant similarity to the biology of human hepatitis c virus (hcv ... | 2015 | 26111586 |
| emerging pestiviruses infecting domestic and wildlife hosts. | until the early 1990 s there were just three recognized species in the pestivirus genus, bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), border disease virus (bdv) and classical swine fever virus (csfv). subsequently bvdv were divided into two different species, bvdv1 and bvdv2 and four additional putative pestivirus species have been identified, based on phylogenetic analysis. the four putative pestivirus specices, listed in chronological order of published reports, are giraffe (isolated from one of severa ... | 2015 | 26050572 |
| genetic diversity of ruminant pestivirus strains collected in northern ireland between 1999 and 2011 and the role of live ruminant imports. | the genus pestivirus within the family flaviviridae includes bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) types 1 and 2, border disease virus (bdv) and classical swine fever virus. the two recognised genotypes of bvdv are divided into subtypes based on phylogenetic analysis, namely a-p for bvdv-1 and a-c for bvdv-2. | 2015 | 27354911 |
| clinical presentation resembling mucosal disease associated with 'hobi'-like pestivirus in a field outbreak. | the genus pestivirus of the family flaviviridae consists of four recognized species: bovine viral diarrhoea virus 1 (bvdv-1), bovine viral diarrhoea virus 2 (bvdv-2), classical swine fever virus (csfv) and border disease virus (bdv). recently, atypical pestiviruses ('hobi'-like pestiviruses) were identified in batches of contaminated foetal calf serum and in naturally infected cattle with and without clinical symptoms. here, we describe the first report of a mucosal disease-like clinical present ... | 2016 | 24735072 |
| reduced humoral immunity and atypical cell-mediated immunity in response to vaccination in cows naturally infected with bovine leukemia virus. | bovine leukemia virus (blv) is a retrovirus that is widely distributed across us dairy herds: over 83% of herds are blv-infected and within-herd infection rates can approach 50%. blv infection reduces both animal longevity and milk production and can interfere with normal immune health. with such a high prevalence of blv infection in dairy herds, it is essential to understand the circumstances by which blv negatively affects the immune system of infected cattle. to address this question, blv- an ... | 2016 | 27863543 |
| dexamethasone treatment differentially alters viral shedding and the antibody and acute phase protein response after multivalent respiratory vaccination in beef steers. | our objective was to examine immunosuppression induced by dexamethasone (dex) administration in cattle on immunological responses to a multivalent respiratory vaccine containing replicating and nonreplicating agents. steers ( = 32; 209 ± 8 kg) seronegative to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (ibrv), bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), and parainfluenza-3 virus (pi3v) were stratified by bw and randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments: 1) acute immun ... | 2016 | 27695816 |
| seroprevalence and risk factors associated with bovine herpesvirus 1 and bovine viral diarrhea virus in north-eastern mexico. | bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1) and bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) are well known etiological agents of cattle that produce important economic losses due to reproductive failures and calf mortality, as well as enteric and respiratory disease. tamaulipas is located northeast of mexico, an important cattle production and the principal exporter of calf and heifer to the united states. the objectives of this study were to estimate the seroprevalence of bohv-1 and of bvdv, and to determine the effe ... | 2016 | 27622156 |
| effects of injectable trace minerals on humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to bovine viral diarrhea virus, bovine herpes virus 1 and bovine respiratory syncytial virus following administration of a modified-live virus vaccine in dairy calves. | our objective was to evaluate the effect of an injectable trace mineral (itm) supplement containing zinc, manganese, selenium, and copper on the humoral and cell mediated immune (cmi) responses to vaccine antigens in dairy calves receiving a modified-live viral (mlv) vaccine containing bvdv, bhv1, pi3v and brsv. a total of 30 dairy calves (3.5 months of age) were administered a priming dose of the mlv vaccine containing bhv1, bvdv1 & 2, brsv, pi3v, and an attenuated-live mannheimia-pasteurella b ... | 2016 | 27496747 |
| metagenomic characterization of the virome associated with bovine respiratory disease in feedlot cattle identified novel viruses and suggests an etiologic role for influenza d virus. | bovine respiratory disease (brd) is the most costly disease affecting the cattle industry. the pathogenesis of brd is complex and includes contributions from microbial pathogens as well as host, environmental and animal management factors. in this study, we utilized viral metagenomic sequencing to explore the virome of nasal swab samples obtained from feedlot cattle with acute brd and asymptomatic pen-mates at six and four feedlots in mexico and the usa, respectively, in april-october 2015. twen ... | 2016 | 27154756 |
| diagnosis and control of viral diseases of reproductive importance: infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and bovine viral diarrhea. | both bovine viral diarrhea virus and bovine herpesvirus 1 can have significant negative reproductive impacts on cattle health. vaccination is the primary control method for the viral pathogens in us cattle herds. polyvalent, modified-live vaccines are recommended to provide optimal protection against various viral field strains. of particular importance to bovine viral diarrhea control is the limitation of contact of pregnant cattle with potential viral reservoirs during the critical first 125 d ... | 2016 | 27140298 |
| detection and characterization of viruses as field and vaccine strains in feedlot cattle with bovine respiratory disease. | this study investigated viruses in bovine respiratory disease (brd) cases in feedlots, including bovine herpesvirus-1 (bohv-1), bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), bovine coronaviruses (bocv) and parainfluenza-3 virus (pi3v). nasal swabs were collected from 114 cattle on initial brd treatment. processing included modified live virus (mlv) vaccination. seven brd necropsy cases were included for 121 total cases. mean number of days on feed before first sa ... | 2016 | 27108192 |
| effects of two-stage weaning with nose flap devices applied to calves on cow body condition, calf performance, and calf humoral immune response. | the effects of nose flap devices in calves before dam separation on cow bcs, pre- and postseparation calf performance, and humoral immune response were compared with traditional weaning. primiparous and multiparous angus and hereford cows ( = 113) and their angus, hereford, and angus × hereford calves (179.4 ± 3.92 kg and 161 ± 22.7 d of age) were used. cow-calf pairs were allocated to 1 of 2 treatments in a completely randomized design: 1) nose flap for 21 d before separation from the dam (nf) ... | 2016 | 27065152 |
| a rabies vaccine adjuvanted with saponins from leaves of the soap tree (quillaja brasiliensis) induces specific immune responses and protects against lethal challenge. | quillaja brasiliensis (quillajaceae) is a saponin producing species native from southern brazil and uruguay. its saponins are remarkably similar to those of q. saponaria, which provides most of the saponins used as immunoadjuvants in vaccines. the immunostimulating capacities of aqueous extract (ae) and purified saponin fraction (qb-90) obtained from leaves of q. brasiliensis were favorably comparable to those of a commercial saponin-based adjuvant preparation (quil-a) in experimental vaccines a ... | 2016 | 27032516 |
| associations between exposure to viruses and bovine respiratory disease in australian feedlot cattle. | bovine respiratory disease (brd) is the most important cause of clinical disease and death in feedlot cattle. respiratory viral infections are key components in predisposing cattle to the development of this disease. to quantify the contribution of four viruses commonly associated with brd, a case-control study was conducted nested within the national bovine respiratory disease initiative project population in australian feedlot cattle. effects of exposure to bovine viral diarrhoea virus 1 (bvdv ... | 2016 | 26972273 |
| one year duration of immunity of the modified live bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 and type 2 and bovine herpesvirus-1 fractions of vista® once sq vaccine. | three studies were performed to determine the duration of immunity of the bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 and type 2 (bvdv-1 and bvdv-2) and bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) fractions of a commercially prepared modified-live vaccine. vista® once sq (vista®) vaccine contains five modified-live viruses, bvdv-1, bvdv-2, bhv-1, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, and bovine parainfluenza 3 virus, and two modified-live bacteria, pasteurella multocida and mannheimia haemolytica. for all three studies, ... | 2016 | 26859238 |
| efficacy of four commercially available multivalent modified-live virus vaccines against clinical disease, viremia, and viral shedding in early-weaned beef calves exposed simultaneously to cattle persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus and cattle acutely infected with bovine herpesvirus 1. | to evaluate the efficacy of 4 commercially available multivalent modified-live virus vaccines against clinical disease, viremia, and viral shedding caused by bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) and bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) in early-weaned beef calves. | 2016 | 26709942 |
| persistent bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in domestic and wild small ruminants and camelids including the mountain goat (oreamnos americanus). | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is a pestivirus best known for causing a variety of disease syndromes in cattle, including gastrointestinal disease, reproductive insufficiency, immunosuppression, mucosal disease, and hemorrhagic syndrome. the virus can be spread by transiently infected individuals and by persistently infected animals that may be asymptomatic while shedding large amounts of virus throughout their lifetime. bvdv has been reported in over 40 domestic and free-ranging species, an ... | 2016 | 26779126 |
| bovine viral diarrhea virus in zoos: a perspective from the veterinary team. | the many different species in close proximity make zoological collections a unique environment for disease transmission. bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is of special concern with zoos due to the numerous exotic ruminant species that this virus can infect. bvdv occurs as both a non-cytopathic and a cytopathic strain both of which are capable of infecting exotic ruminants. the cytopathic strain causes mucosal disease (md) and death. infection with the non-cytopathic strain may produce persiste ... | 2016 | 26779151 |
| molecular detection of bovine coronavirus in a diarrhea outbreak in pasture-feeding nellore steers in southern brazil. | worldwide diarrhea outbreaks in cattle herds are more frequently detected in calves being that diarrhea outbreaks in adult cattle are not common. winter dysentery (wd) is a bovine coronavirus (bcov) enteric infection that is more reported in northern hemisphere. seasonal outbreaks of wd in adult cattle occur mainly in dairy cows. wd has not been described in beef cattle herds of tropical countries. this study describes the molecular detection of bcov in a diarrhea outbreak in beef cattle steers ... | 2016 | 26712361 |
| rapid detection of novel caprine parainfluenza virus type 3 (cpiv3) using a taqman-based rt-qpcr. | parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv3) is one of the most important respiratory pathogens for humans and many animals. a novel caprine piv3 (cpiv3) was recently identified and isolated from chinese goat flocks with respiratory disease. in order to develop rapid and sensitive methods for cpiv3 detection in infected goats, a taqman rt-qpcr was established in this study based on the primers and probe designed to amplify a 150 nucleotide-long region located within the m gene of the virus. the method was ... | 2016 | 27448824 |
| the european hare (lepus europaeus) as a potential wild reservoir for ruminant pestiviruses. | ruminant pestiviruses cause important economic losses in livestock and the epidemiological role of free-ranging sympatric wildlife is of special interest for the implementation of pestivirus eradication plans. moreover, the emergence of high mortality outbreaks of pestivirus in pyrenean chamois (rupicapra pyrenaica pyrenaica) since 2001 in the border between spain and france has increased the value of knowing the hosts that role pestivirus infection. in the present study, pestivirus infection wa ... | 2016 | 27544252 |
| [pestiviruses in ruminants]. | the genus pestivirus includes four species: bovine viral diarrhea virus 1, bovine viral diarrhea virus 2, classical swine fever disease virus, and ovine border disease virus. pestiviruses infect many species of domestic and wild animals. bovine viral diarrhea virus is a prototypical representative of the pestiviruses of ruminant animals. recently, new candidates appeared for including in this genus: two viruses of the wild ruminant animals that have not been officially classified and one hobi-li ... | 2016 | 27451496 |
| retrospective epidemiological evaluation of molecular and animal husbandry data within the bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) control programme in western austria during 2009-2014. | a retrospective epidemiological investigation of molecular and animal husbandry data collected over an observation period of five years (2009-2014) within the compulsory bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) control programme in western austria, covering the federal provinces of tyrol and vorarlberg is presented in this study. samples collected from 232 infected calves were phylogenetically classified based on the 5' untranslated region (5'utr). all but 13 samples, which were typed as border disea ... | 2016 | 27344911 |
| pestivirus in alpine wild ruminants and sympatric livestock from the cantabrian mountains, spain. | bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) and border disease virus (bdv) were investigated at the wildlife-livestock interface in the distribution area of chamois in the cantabrian mountains, north-western spain. from 2010 to 2014, sera from sympatric wild (n=167) and domestic (n=272) ruminants were analysed for pestivirus antibodies by celisa, virus neutralisation test (vnt) and for the presence of pestiviral rna using a reverse transcription (rt)-pcr. results showed a higher seroprevalence in cattle ... | 2016 | 27083871 |