Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| reduction of tellurite and deesterification of fluorescein diacetate are not well correlated with the viability of mycobacteria. | both mycobacterium leprae and m. lepraemurium (mlm) were capable of reducing tellurium as tellurite ion (te4+) to elemental tellurium (te), seen by electron microscopy as fine crystals within the bacterial cells. there appeared to be close correspondence between the capacity to reduce tellurite, bright green fluorescence after staining with fluorescein diacetate (fda) and the ability of m. smegmatis to multiply in culture. likewise, there appeared to be correspondence between tellurite reduction ... | 1988 | 3179056 |
| effect of in vitro formed immune complexes on macrophage functions of mycobacterium leprae infected mice. | nonspecific macrophage functions were studied in mycobacterium leprae infected and preformed immune complex (ic) administered normal (ni) and thymectomized/irradiated (tri) mice at different time periods. uninfected controls given ic were also included. significant decrease in the chemotaxis, phagocytosis and bactericidal activities of macrophages obtained from infected groups compared to their controls were observed. phagocytic and chemotactic activities of macrophages were normal but intracell ... | 1988 | 3192973 |
| detection of phenolic glycolipid i of mycobacterium leprae and antibodies to the antigen in sera from leprosy patients and their contacts. | 1988 | 3195153 | |
| solubilization of preformed immune complexes in sera of patients with type 1 and type 2 lepra reactions. | serum complement activity in leprosy patients has been studied using solubilization of preformed immune complexes as an index. the solubilization capacity of sera from lepromatous patients with or without erythema nodosum leprosum (enl) as well as from type 1 reactional patients was found markedly reduced as compared to controls. solubilization did not improve at all in the enl patients after remission of the reaction phase. the addition of fresh normal sera failed to bring about any significant ... | 1988 | 3221112 |
| defining the magnitude of ocular complications from leprosy: problems of methodology. | a comprehensive review of all ocular surveys (40) of leprosy patients was undertaken. these surveys do not provide adequate information for defining the incidence or prevalence of ocular disease caused by mycobacterium leprae. furthermore, the level of disability and blindness from leprosy has not been addressed. the primary methodologic problems in these surveys are: a) lack of survey sampling techniques, b) institution-based or. clinic-based populations as the study population, c) inadequate i ... | 1988 | 3221113 |
| mycobacterium leprae-susceptibility of non-obese diabetic hybrid nude mice. | 1988 | 3250960 | |
| effect of multidrug therapy on the levels of antibodies to mycobacterium leprae glycolipid-1 in the leprosy spectrum. | sera from one hundred and forty five untreated leprosy patients, ten proven cases of active pulmonary tuberculosis and twenty five healthy volunteers not exposed to m. leprae infection were assayed for pgl-1 antibodies. all available follow up samples after multidrug therapy were also assayed. a decline in the level of pgl-1 antibodies were seen in many of the post-treatment samples, giving an indirect assessment of the bacterial load and the prognosis of the disease. | 1988 | 3253332 |
| corneal changes in nine-banded armadillos with leprosy. | leprosy is the third leading cause of blindness worldwide; however, little is known about the ocular changes that occur during the disease process. we have studied the eyes of two nine-banded armadillos with experimental mycobacterium leprae infection by light and electron microscopy. both animals had been inoculated intracutaneously, one 5 years and the other 2 years previously. light microscopy revealed invasion by acid-fast bacilli which were seen in keratocytes and mononuclear phagocytes in ... | 1988 | 3275592 |
| rifampicin-resistant strains of mycobacterium leprae may have reduced virulence. | a strain of mycobacterium leprae resistant to rifampicin (rmp) failed to infect normal mice when injected into the foot pads (fp) at a dose of 10 or 100 bacilli/fp, although it could be maintained by serial passage in mice by the use of inocula of 10(4) bacilli/fp; normal mice can be infected by rmp-sensitive m. leprae at a dose of 10 bacilli/fp. by contrast, nude (athymic) mice could be infected with an inoculum of 10 bacilli/fp of the rmp-resistant strain. it is suggested that the strain conce ... | 1988 | 3275779 |
| the 13th kellersberger memorial lecture, 1987. a view of vaccines against leprosy and a reflection on "appropriate science" and the third world. | 1988 | 3276511 | |
| clofazimine analogues active against a clofazimine-resistant organism. | clofazimine analogues active against a strain of mycobacterium smegmatis 607 made resistant to the antileprosy agent have been synthesized. activity (i.e., less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml causing complete inhibition of growth) requires that there be a basic nitrogen in the "rimino" side chain and that the spacer distance between this nitrogen and the imino nitrogen be at least three carbon atoms. the nitrogen may be primary, secondary, or tertiary and may be part of an open chain or enclos ... | 1988 | 3279207 |
| measurement of hypoxanthine incorporation in purified suspensions of mycobacterium leprae: a suitable method to screen for anti-leprosy agents in vitro. | the rate of incorporation of hypoxanthine was measured in suspensions of mycobacterium leprae, with and without added anti-leprosy agents. dapsone, clofazamine and brodimoprim, as well as other benzylpryimidines, inhibited hypoxanthine incorporation, and their minimum inhibitory concentrations for incorporation with intact m. leprae were near the minimum inhibitory concentrations at which the agents have antibacterial effects. at sub-inhibitory concentrations for hypoxanthine incorporation, some ... | 1988 | 3279214 |
| immunological significance of mycobacterium leprae cell walls. | cell walls of mycobacterium leprae, prepared by differential solvent extraction, were shown to contain arabinogalactan, mycolates, and peptidoglycan. in addition, amino acid analysis revealed the unexpected presence of large amounts of protein that retained potent immunological reactivity. purified cell walls stimulated proliferation of t cells from tuberculoid, but not from lepromatous leprosy, patients and elicited delayed-type hypersensitivity skin reactions in guinea pigs and patients sensit ... | 1988 | 3279420 |
| heterologous expression of the 65-kilodalton antigen of mycobacterium leprae and murine t-cell responses to the gene product. | the gene encoding the immunodominant 65-kilodalton antigen of mycobacterium leprae was subcloned from a lambda gt11 clone into the high-copy-number plasmid puc8. escherichia coli containing these recombinants produced large amounts of the antigen, which was purified by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of urea. the ability of e. coli to recognize the mycobacterial promoter was confirmed by constructing additional clones in which the gene is flanked by transcriptional terminators ... | 1988 | 3281904 |
| a review of immunopathologic studies of human leprosy lesions in situ. | 1988 | 3284839 | |
| progress in the serology of leprosy at the university of hawaii. | 1988 | 3284840 | |
| relapse in hansen's disease. | 1988 | 3284841 | |
| responses to mycobacterium leprae by lymphocytes from new and old leprosy patients: role of exogenous lymphokines. | lepromatous leprosy patients generally have reduced response to mycobacterium leprae antigens in an in vitro lymphocyte transformation test, which could be due to insufficient generation of reactions or to active suppression of any reaction generated. we could detect 3 types of lack of reactivity: one which could be restored by the addition of supernatants from healthy, pha-stimulated lymphocyte cultures, one which could not thus be restored and one in which the culture supernatant contained fac ... | 1988 | 3285856 |
| immunoblotting and the immune response to leprosy. | immunoblotting has provided a powerful and effective approach to dissection of the immune response to mycobacterial antigens in a situation in which the availability of isolated antigenic components is severely limited. the basic approach of blotting on to a solid-phase support has been used in combination with sds/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis, t.l.c., recombinant dna technology and t-cell cloning in order to carry out a comprehensive analysis of glycolipid and protein antigens involved in ... | 1988 | 3286317 |
| leprosy and immunity: genetics and immune function in multiple case families. | genetic susceptibility to infection with m. leprae was studied in 10 multiple case families of australian aborigines. of the 87 members available for study, 24 had proven stable clinical leprosy which had been or was still being treated with diamino diphenyl sulphone. evidence of contact with m. leprae in the remaining 63 members as assessed by elisa to m. leprae sonicate and phenolic glycolipid (pgl) or by indirect immunofluorescence antibody assay was found in 78%, 64% and 71%, respectively. b ... | 1988 | 3286485 |
| antigenic profile of icrc bacilli with special reference to isolation of immunogenic subunit. | a vaccine containing icrc bacilli induces persistent immune conversion in lepromatous leprosy (ll) patients and lepromin-negative healthy subjects, in association with upgrading of the tissue responses in the former. with an idea to isolate the immunogenic 'subunit(s)', antigenicity of icrc sonicate and its fractions were tested, with reference to both b- and t-cell responses. a very high molecular weight glycolipoprotein, named pp-i with an apparent molecular weight of 1,000,000, has been isola ... | 1988 | 3286519 |
| skin smears and the bacterial index (b) in multiple drug therapy leprosy control programs: an unsatisfactory and potentially hazardous state of affairs. | 1988 | 3286795 | |
| allergy and immunity in leprosy: are these concepts becoming obsolete? | 1988 | 3286796 | |
| determination of the d and l configuration of phenolic glycolipids of m. leprae and m. bovis. | 1988 | 3286797 | |
| effect of shipment of skin-biopsy specimens to a distant laboratory on viability of mycobacterium leprae. | 1988 | 3286798 | |
| vaccination of human volunteers with heat-killed m. leprae: local responses in relation to the interpretation of the lepromin reaction. | the early (fernandez) and late (mitsuda) lepromin reactions were closely examined in a group of healthy, bcg-vaccinated individuals who were given four doses of a heat-killed, armadillo-derived vaccine, i.e., 1.5 x 10(7), 5 x 10(7), 1.5 x 10(8), and 5 x 10(8) bacilli. there was a clear dose-response relationship for both the early and late reactions with no leveling of the responses within the range of doses examined. while the early response was negative in most of the volunteers, the late resp ... | 1988 | 3286799 |
| soluble antigen of m. leprae coupled with liposomes elicits both "early" and "late" delayed hypersensitivity skin reactions. | the soluble antigen(s) of mycobacterium leprae was(were) coupled to liposomes and used for skin testing of leprosy patients, hoping that this mode of antigen presentation would be identical to that of integral lepromin. the liposomized antigen(s) elicited both early (24-48 hr) and late (3-4 weeks) delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions, true to the nature of lepromin, unlike the soluble antigen(s) alone which elicit(s) only the early reaction. | 1988 | 3286800 |
| macrophages, myeloperoxidase, and mycobacterium lepraemurium. | 1988 | 3286810 | |
| [case of lepromatous leprosy]. | 1988 | 3289278 | |
| chemotherapy of leprosy. | 1988 | 3289485 | |
| antigens of mycobacterium leprae identified by immunoprecipitation with sera from leprosy and tuberculosis patients. | mycobacterial antigens which react with human b lymphocytes were investigated by immunoprecipitation of radiolabelled sonicates of mycobacterium leprae and m. bovis (bcg) with sera from patients with leprosy and tuberculosis in the presence of staphylococcus aureus. sds-page analysis of the immunoprecipitates demonstrated that dense bands of mr 12,000 (12k), 15k, 27k, 32-33k, 36k and 48k were the major antigens of m. leprae recognized by antibodies in lepromatous leprosy sera. of these, only the ... | 1988 | 3289801 |
| biophysical optima for metabolism of mycobacterium leprae. | the metabolic response of freshly harvested, nude-mouse-derived mycobacterium leprae to biophysical parameters was studied to facilitate an understanding of axenic culture requirements. quantitation of intracellular atp and the rate of [u-14c]palmitic acid incorporation into phenolic glycolipid i (pgl-i) were used as metabolic indicators after axenic incubation in modified dubos medium under various biophysical conditions. pgl-i synthesis was optimal at 33 degrees c, whereas atp was optimally ma ... | 1988 | 3290244 |
| human monoclonal antibodies to phenolic glycolipid-i derived from patients with leprosy, and production of specific anti-idiotypes. | human monoclonal antibodies (mab) were produced by hybridomas derived from fusion of the gm4672 lymphoblastoid cell line and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from leprosy patients. hybridoma supernatants were screened for immunoglobulin (ig) secretion, binding to mycobacterium leprae, phenolic glycolipid-i (phen gl-i), the unique m. leprae glycolipid and single-stranded(ss)dna by elisa. on the basis of direct-binding elisas, two igmk mab (pr4 and th3) were selected for characterization. pr4 an ... | 1988 | 3292409 |
| screening of drug resistant strains of mycobacterium leprae in lepromatous leprosy patients under multidrug treatment. | 1988 | 3294170 | |
| ultrastructure of human foetal schwann cells in tissue culture infected with mycobacterium leprae. | 1988 | 3294539 | |
| association of igg and igm antibodies to phenolic glycolipid-1 antigen of mycobacterium leprae with disease parameters in multibacillary leprosy patients. | 1988 | 3294540 | |
| characteristics of the multiplication of dapsone-resistant strains of mycobacterium leprae in mice. subcommittee on clinical trials of the c hemotherapy of leprosy (thelep) scientific working group of undp/world bank/who special programme for research and training in tropical diseases. | 1988 | 3294541 | |
| serological tests in leprosy. the sensitivity, specificity and predictive value of elisa tests based on phenolic glycolipid antigens, and the implications for their use in epidemiological studies. | this paper examines the sensitivity and specificity of two elisa assays for igm antibodies to mycobacterium leprae, one employing natural phenolic glycolipid and the other employing a synthetic disaccharide glycoconjugate as antigen. estimates of sensitivity and specificity are derived, based on a panel of sera from leprosy cases in malawi and various non-leprosy controls from the uk. though both assays were able to identify a high proportion of multibacillary patients, neither was able to detec ... | 1988 | 3042436 |
| influence of in vitro administered immune complexes on serum levels of complement and circulating immune complexes in mycobacterium leprae infected mice. | 1988 | 3042618 | |
| seroepidemiological studies of leprosy in northern malawi based on an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using synthetic glycoconjugate antigen. | a total of 6002 blood samples from total population samples in four separate areas within karonga district, northern malawi, were tested for anti-mycobacterium leprae antibody using an elisa based on synthetic glycoconjugate antigen. results are presented using different criteria for seropositivity. regardless of the criterion used, the proportion of individuals classified as "positive" rose to a peak at 20-30 years of age and then fell, and it was higher at all ages in females than in males. th ... | 1988 | 3045222 |
| activity of ofloxacin against mycobacterium leprae in the mouse. | mice inoculated with 4800 mycobacterium leprae in the left hind foot pad were treated from day 62 to day 150 after infection with 50 mg or 150 mg of ofloxacin per kg body weight, 150 mg pefloxacin per kg, or 50 mg prothionamide per kg. these drugs were administered by esophageal cannula 5 days weekly with dapsone (0.01 g per 100 g diet). multiplication of m. leprae in the treated and in untreated control mice was assessed by monthly harvests. the treatment of mice with the smaller dosage ofloxac ... | 1988 | 3045223 |
| identification of t-cell-activating recombinant antigens shared among three candidate antileprosy vaccines, killed m. leprae, m. bovis bcg, and mycobacterium w. | antigenic crossreactivity among three candidate antileprosy vaccines, killed mycobacterium leprae, bcg, and mycobacterium w, was studied using t-cell lines and clones raised from bcg- and killed-m. leprae-vaccinated subjects. to identify the crossreactive antigens, the t-cell lines and clones were tested against escherichia coli lysates containing 65-, 36-, 28-, 18-, and 14-kilodalton (kda) and 13b3 m. leprae antigens and 65-, 19-, and 12-kda m. tuberculosis antigens. the short-term t-cell lines ... | 1988 | 3045224 |
| partial characterization of antigens from m. leprae evoking igg and igm antibodies in armadillos. | armadillo igg and igm antibody responses to mycobacterium leprae were analyzed using isotypic-specific antisera by means of immunoblotting. blots developed for igg antibodies to m. leprae showed multiple protein antigens (mr = 12-90 k) in some heavily infected armadillos. in contrast, blots developed for igm antibodies to m. leprae showed a single, broad, diffuse band of immunoreactivity at approximately 33 kda. the 33-kda immunogen was detectable with silver stain modified for carbohydrate reac ... | 1988 | 3045225 |
| histologic responses in sixty multibacillary leprosy patients inoculated with autoclaved mycobacterium leprae and live bcg. | sixty lepromatous or borderline lepromatous patients were submitted to immunotherapy with a mixture of autoclaved mycobacterium leprae and bcg. the histopathologic findings in skin biopsy specimens taken before and after immunotherapy were evaluated independently by six histopathologists in a workshop setting. their pooled observations on diagnosis and classification were analyzed to assess the histopathologic changes following various periods of immunotherapy. expressing the results as the aver ... | 1988 | 3045226 |
| leprosy vaccine--a reappraisal. | 1988 | 3045227 | |
| leprosy: the immunologist and the patient. | 1988 | 3045228 | |
| dapsone susceptibility of mycobacterium leprae isolated before 1977. | 1988 | 3045229 | |
| [current thoughts on the immunology of leprosy]. | 1988 | 3045919 | |
| presence of mycobacterium leprae-reactive lymphocytes in lymph nodes of lepromatous leprosy patients. | a critical problem in leprosy is the relative deficiency of antigen-specific t cell-mediated immunity. we were successful in detecting a significant response to viable m. leprae in mononuclear cells isolated from the lymph nodes of lepromatous leprosy patients in contrast to the apparent m. leprae-specific energy seen in the peripheral blood. this observation suggests that antigen-reactive lymphocytes are generated in the lymph nodes of lepromatous patients but the inability to detect them in th ... | 1988 | 3045948 |
| [histopathological and ultrastructural study of a case of leproma involving the entire cornea]. | 1988 | 3046262 | |
| leprosy in six isolated residents of northern louisiana. time-clustered cases in an essentially nonendemic area. | northern louisiana has been essentially free of indigenous leprosy, and now it is not. six new cases of leprosy have been diagnosed: three in 1986, the other three in 1985, 1983, and 1982, respectively. the patients had been lifelong residents of six scattered rural parishes. leprosy had never been reported from five of them. no patient had had contact with human leprosy. the patients were white; four were women; the mean +/- sd age at onset was 60.3 +/- 16.4 years (age range, 31 to 80 years); a ... | 1988 | 3046539 |
| infectivity of secondary dapsone-resistant cases. | the incidence rate of leprosy among 517 household contacts of 113 cases of secondary dapsone resistance with 5074 person years at risk were studied. the incidence rate of leprosy was 4.3 per 1000 person years at risk, which is very similar to the incidence rate (4.8) among household contacts of lepromatous cases. two, possibly three, cases of primary dapsone resistance were detected among the 27 contacts who developed multibacillary leprosy. there was no evidence of dapsone resistance among 48 p ... | 1988 | 3047282 |
| armadillo igg and igm antibody responses to phenolic glycolipid-i during experimental infection with m. leprae. | the kinetics of antibody responses of mycobacterium leprae-infected armadillos to phenolic glycolipid-i (pgl-i) were studied by means of elisa. the levels of both igg and igm antibodies to pgl-i increased with time. some animals were less susceptible to disseminations of m. leprae infection and lived longer than others. these animals had high absorbance values (greater than 0.7) for igg anti-pgl-i compared to more susceptible armadillos that had lower absorbance values for igg anti-pgl-i. | 1988 | 3047283 |
| histopathological changes in the eyes of mangabey monkeys with lepromatous leprosy. | leprosy is the third leading cause of preventable blindness; however, little is known about the spread of infection to the eye. we have studied the eyes of three sooty managabey monkeys. two were experimentally infected with mycobacterium leprae; the third was not infected. in one of the infected animals there was histopathological evidence of lepromatous leprosy as evidenced by a chronic inflammatory infiltrate at the limbus, and detection of acid-fast bacilli in the corneal stroma, blood vesse ... | 1988 | 3047285 |
| studies of a common idiotype pr4 in autoimmune rheumatic disease. | a new common idiotype, designated pr4, is described. this idiotype was originally identified on a human hybridoma-derived monoclonal antibody from a patient with leprosy, which binds the major mycobacterium leprae-derived antigen, phenolic glycolipid-1, poly(adp)-ribose, dna, and poly(dt). the pr4 idiotype was found in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) (70%), rheumatoid arthritis (40%), and sjögren's syndrome (15%). it was not, however, found in the spouses of the sle patients or ... | 1988 | 3048272 |
| size and homology of the genomes of leprosy-derived corynebacteria, mycobacterium leprae, and other corynebacteria and mycobacteria. | the genomes of mycobacterium leprae and leprosy-derived corynebacteria (ldc), which have a similar base composition of guanine + cytosine 56 mol %, have been compared with those of reference bacteria of the cmn group (genera corynebacterium, mycobacterium, nocardia). genome sizes of three ldc strains were (1.2-2.5) x 10(6) base pairs. dna from four of seven ldc strains examined had homology levels greater than 60%. two other strains had a homology of 40% when compared with the cmn strains and on ... | 1988 | 3050108 |
| leprosy as a zoonosis: an update. | naturally-acquired leprosy has been reported in nine-banded armadillos captured in the southern united states, a chimpanzee from sierra leone, and in two "sooty" mangabey monkeys from nigeria. a significant prevalence of leprosy in wild armadillos establishes this animal as a reservoir of m. leprae, and exposure to armadillos has been implicated as a source of leprosy in humans. current evidence suggests that leprosy is a zoonosis in certain nonhuman primate species. control and eradication prog ... | 1988 | 3051854 |
| in vitro interaction of m. leprae-infected schwann cells and splenic cells. | the interaction between m. leprae-infected cultured schwann cells and sensitized splenic cells was noted both under light and electron microscopy. no evidence of cytomorphological changes in infected schwann cells was obtained. however, sensitized splenic cells were noted to undergo degenerative changes suggestive of the phenomenon of apoptosis. subsequently a large number of these degenerated cells were observed within the schwann cell. such a process has not been hitherto reported in the histo ... | 1988 | 3051867 |
| the nature and kinetics of a delayed immune response to purified protein derivative of tuberculin in the skin of lepromatous leprosy patients. | we have analyzed the nature and kinetics of a delayed, cell-mediated immune response to a purified protein derivative of tuberculin (ppd) in the skin of 154 naturally sensitized patients with lepromatous leprosy. after the intradermal injection of 5 u of ppd, biopsies were taken at 1-21 d and studied for the composition, extent, persistence, and organization of the emigratory cell response by light and electron microscopy. induration of positive sites occurred promptly, reached a maximum diamete ... | 1988 | 3053962 |
| isolation, purification and quantification of phenolic glycolipid-1 from human leprosy skin tissues. | phenolic glycolipid-i, a marker lipid of mycobacterium leprae, was isolated from skin biopsies obtained from untreated lepromatous leprosy patients by silicic acid and florisil column chromatography and purified by thin layer chromatography. tissues with varying bacillary loads were analysed for their phenolic glycolipid content. a good correlation was observed between the bacillary population of the tissues and the phenolic glycolipid content. | 1988 | 3055463 |
| structure-activity relationships of selected phenazines against mycobacterium leprae in vitro. | structure-activity relationships of phenazines against mycobacterium leprae were investigated by using an in vitro radiorespirometric assay. in general, activity in ascending order was observed in compounds containing no chlorine atoms, a monochlorinated phenazine nucleus, and chlorines in the para positions of both the anilino and phenyl rings. the most active compounds contained a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine substitution at the imino nitrogen. most of these chlorinated phenazines were consid ... | 1988 | 3056241 |
| the control of infective skin diseases--the lessons of leprosy research. | 1988 | 3056496 | |
| polyspecificity of human monoclonal antibodies reactive with mycobacterium leprae, mitochondria, ssdna, cytoskeletal proteins, and the acetylcholine receptor. | the origin of autoantibodies against ubiquitous autoantigens (e.g., single-stranded (ss) dna, cytoskeletal proteins, mitochondria) is obscure. patients with lepromatous leprosy have many such autoantibodies in their serum. in order to study the polyspecificities of human autoantibodies expressed during infection with mycobacterium leprae we prepared human monoclonal antibodies derived from the fusion of peripheral blood lymphocytes of a patient with lepromatous leprosy to the human lymphoblastoi ... | 1988 | 3056642 |
| the use of a 'universal' yeast expression vector to produce an antigenic protein of mycobacterium leprae. | this report describes the use of a recombinant yeast expression vector to synthesize and secrete the mycobacterium leprae 18 kda antigenic protein. the protein is secreted with a short hydrophilic 'flag' octapeptide fused to its amino-terminus. the fusion protein can be purified directly from yeast culture supernatant through an anti-flag antibody affinity column and the flag octapeptide removed using enterokinase. the method provides a simple and rapid means of obtaining recombinant 18 kda anti ... | 1988 | 3056856 |
| a protein antigen of mycobacterium leprae is related to a family of small heat shock proteins. | the gene encoding an immunologically important 18-kilodalton protein antigen of mycobacterium leprae has been sequenced, and the amino acid sequence of the antigen has been deduced. the 18-kilodalton antigen is strikingly similar in size and sequence to a family of eucaryotic heat shock proteins. | 1988 | 3056923 |
| evaluation of an enzyme immunoassay based on sonicate supernatant antigens of mycobacterium w for immunodiagnosis of leprosy. | an enzyme immunoassay (eia) based on sonicate supernatant antigens of a cultivable, atypical bacterium, mycobacterium w (m. w), for immunodiagnosis of leprosy is described. m. w was selected after screening of sonicate supernatant antigens of seven cultivable mycobacteria in eia. the results of the assay were compared with that of eia using phenolic glycolipid-i (pgl-i). the m. w assay was more sensitive than pgl-i based eia, for detection of leprosy patients of all categories, including long te ... | 1988 | 3057081 |
| involvement of palate and cheek in leprosy. | 22 cases of bacillary positive leprosy with no apparent lesion in the oral cavity, soft or hard palate were studied for any evidence of pathological involvement. granulomata were present in 11 (65%) out of 17 cheek biopsies studied. m. leprae were identified in four specimens only. 9 specimens (64%) out of 14 palate biopsies showed definite granulomata. m. leprae were seen in six specimens. | 1988 | 3057083 |
| d-alanine and catalase in mycobacterium leprae. | 1988 | 3057085 | |
| [reproduction of experimental leprous infection in mice with a preliminary modelling of failure of the mononuclear phagocyte system]. | cba mice with induced insufficiency of mononuclear phagocyte system (mnps) were inoculated intraplantar with m. leprae in a dose of 1 x 10(4). a significantly accelerated multiplication of m. leprae was noted in the sites of inoculation with the development of a generalized infections process and appearance in 6 months after inoculation of lepromatous structures in spleen, liver and other internal organs as compared with the animals with unchanged mnps. the data obtained suggest that insufficien ... | 1988 | 3058225 |
| [growth of human leprosy bacilli in the foot-pad of mice]. | 1988 | 3058272 | |
| leprosy. | leprosy affects over 10 million people in the world. the disease is a model of graded cell-mediated immunity, in this case to the causative organism, mycobacterium leprae. the clinical manifestations are due to (i) bacterial progression, (ii) immunologic responses of the host, (iii) peripheral nerve damage due to either or both bacterial progression and immunologic responses of the host, and (iv) preventable secondary deformities following nerve damage, which account for most of the stigma of th ... | 1988 | 3058299 |
| benefits of recombinant dna technology for the study of mycobacterium leprae. | 1988 | 3058391 | |
| implications of prior bcg vaccination programmes in the community on the protective efficacy of new antileprosy vaccines. | 1988 | 3058589 | |
| a 28-kda protein from mycobacterium leprae is a target of the human antibody response in lepromatous leprosy. | the gene for a 28-kda mycobacterium leprae protein ag, a major target of antibodies from patients with lepromatous leprosy, was cloned from a lambda-gt11-m. leprae dna expression library and sequenced. antibodies to this protein were detected in the serum of the majority of 15 individual lepromatous patients that were tested. the predicted amino acid sequence of the 28-kda protein suggests that it is localized to the bacterial plasma membrane or cell wall. | 1988 | 3058804 |
| presence of mycobactin-like substance in mycobacterium leprae. | chloroform extracts of m. leprae suspensions--crude, partially purified and purified--were prepared by standard methods. similar extracts were also prepared from the livers of normal armadillos using the same methods that were used to prepare crude and partially purified m. leprae suspensions. the only chloroform extract that supported the growth of m. paratuberculosis was the one prepared from percoll gradient-purified m. leprae. other four extracts not only did not support the growth of mycoba ... | 1988 | 3058826 |
| a bacteriological assessment of multibacillary cases in leprosy colonies after 4 1/2 years of multidrug therapy. | in this presentation we have devised a novel way of calculating the total bacterial quantum in 100 (78 ll and 22 bl) multibacillary leprosy patients living in leprosy colonies. the calculation is based on ridley's logarithmic scale. we have also attempted to assess the reduction in the bacterial quantum as a result of intervention through multidrug therapy (mdt). 53% of the patients rendered bacteriologically negative within two years of treatment of mdt and 94% at 54th pulse dose i.e. at 54th m ... | 1988 | 3058827 |
| influence of acetylator phenotype of the leprosy patient on the emergence of dapsone resistant leprosy. | the half time of disappearance of dapsone and monoacetyl dapsone and the acetylator phenotype of the leprosy patients who harboured dapsone sensitive and dapsone resistant m. leprae was assessed in 27 subjects. sixteen patients were rapid acetylators, five were slow and six were intermediate acetylators. the mean t 1 1/2 lives of dapsone (30.26 +/- 11.0) and monoacetyl dapsone (31.11 +/- 12.0) were also studied in the above patients. the percentage of different acetylators in both resistant and ... | 1988 | 3058828 |
| filamentous phase in life cycle of m. leprae(?): a preliminary communication. | certain structures which indicate probable involvement of a filamentous phase in life cycle of m. leprae have been noted in preserved skin biopsy suspensions from lepromatous leprosy cases. these include (i) filaments with empty or pink round spaces within them (ii) conidia-like structures and (iii) membranes with acid fast bacilli. these structures were rare in the fresh material. | 1988 | 3058829 |
| paucibacillary primary dapsone resistance--a case report. | a case of primary paucibacillary dapsone resistance was presented. its clinical suspicion and diagnosis are stressed. emergence of dapsone resistance and its implications are shortly reviewed. a short note on its prevention is discussed. literature is briefly reviewed. | 1988 | 3060544 |
| secondary and primary dapsone resistant leprosy: an analysis of 199 patients from st. thomas hospital and leprosy project, chettupattu, south india. | the occurrence of secondary and primary dapsone resistance in 199 patients in our control area and the influence of certain variables such as age, initial bacteriological and morphological indices, duration of regular dapsone monotherapy, on the emergence of dapsone resistance was investigated. ninety one of 122 patients and 29 out of 77 showed secondary (sdr) and primary (pdr) resistance to dapsone respectively. very low bi (bi:2.5) group also showed both sdr (60%) and pdr (40%). low or high mi ... | 1988 | 3060545 |
| armadillos in an indian leprosy research centre. | 1988 | 3060547 | |
| primary drug resistance to both rifampicin and dapsone in a paucibacillary leprosy patient. | a thirty-one year old male patient was diagnosed and treated for a pure or better primary neuritic case of leprosy with dapsone (100 mg daily for 2 years) and rifampicin (600 mg daily for 6 months). from the very outset, the patient did not show any improvement; on the top of it, he subsequently, developed a cutaneous patch, which on histopathological examination, revealed classical features of bt leprosy. acid-fast bacilli were absent both in skin slit smear and histologic section. a primary re ... | 1988 | 3060548 |
| [a summary of leprology]. | 1988 | 3061274 | |
| chemical synthesis of an artificial antigen containing the trisaccharide hapten of mycobacterium leprae. | the trisaccharide allyl o-(3,4-di-o-methyl-beta-d-glucopyranosyl)-(1----4)-o-(2,3-di-o-methyl-al pha-l- rhamnopyranosyl)-(1----2)-3-o-methyl-alpha-l-rhamnopyranoside was synthesized from partially methylated monosaccharide derivatives. condensation of 1,4-di-o-acetyl-2,3-di-o-methyl-alpha-l-rhamnopyranose promoted by boron trifluoride etherate with the appropriate alcohol proceeded stereoselectively and with very high yields. selective deacetylation and glycosylation with 2,4-di-o-acetyl-3,6-di- ... | 1988 | 3063382 |
| synthesis and immunoreactivity of neoglycoproteins containing the trisaccharide unit of phenolic glycolipid i of mycobacterium leprae. | the trisaccharide segment, o-(3,6-di-o-methyl-beta-d-glucopyranosyl)-(1----4)-o-(2,3-di-o-methyl- alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl)-(1----2)-3-o-methyl-l-rhamnopyranose, of the mycobacterium leprae-specific phenolic glycolipid i has been synthesized as its 8-(methoxycarbonyl)octyl glycoside and coupled to a carrier protein, to produce a leprosy-specific neoglycoprotein, the so-called natural trisaccharide-octyl-bovine serum albumin (nt-o-bsa). special features of the synthetic strategy were the use of si ... | 1988 | 3063383 |
| the status of leprosy control in malaysia. | 1988 | 3064325 | |
| the present status of leprosy vaccine development. | 1988 | 3064326 | |
| use of anti-m. leprae phenolic glycolipid-i antibody detection for early diagnosis and prognosis of leprosy. | untreated patients suffering from tuberculoid, lepromatous and indeterminate leprosy, their domiciliary contacts, and healthy controls, all living in guadeloupe, west indies, were tested by an elisa for detecting igm antibodies to the terminal disaccharide of the phenolic glycolipid-i antigen of mycobacterium leprae. on most subjects, a mitsuda test was also performed. a large majority of the tuberculoid patients and healthy subjects were mitsuda positive. the seropositivity rate reached 44% amo ... | 1988 | 3065419 |
| in vitro synthesis of antimycobacterial antibodies with different specificities in various tissues of leprosy patients. | for the detection of the synthesis in vitro of anti-mycobacterium leprae antibodies in various tissues of leprosy patients, biopsy specimens of skin lesions, nasal mucosa, larynx, lymph nodes, and bone marrow were cultured in a medium containing 14c-labeled lysine and isoleucine. the culture fluids were analyzed by crossed immunoelectrophoresis with intermediate gel and autoradiography. the results show that synthesis of anti-m. leprae antibodies occurs at the investigated sites of leprosy patie ... | 1988 | 3065420 |
| effects of freezing and thawing on the viability and the ultrastructure of in vivo grown mycobacteria. | the influence of different frequencies of freezing-thawing cycles on the viability of in vivo grown mycobacteria was investigated. pieces of armadillo tissues naturally or experimentally infected with mycobacterium leprae were analyzed. the viability of m. leprae was determined by mouse foot pad titration. the viability of cultivable mycobacteria, sometimes present in armadillo tissues, was determined by culture. electron-microscopic studies were performed on fresh or frozen-thawed armadillo tis ... | 1988 | 3065421 |
| inhibition of phenolic glycolipid-i synthesis in extracellular mycobacterium leprae as an indicator of antimicrobial activity. | the effects of 22 antimicrobial agents on the incorporation of [u14c] palmitic acid ([u14c] pa) into the unique phenolic glycolipid-i (pgl-i) antigen of mycobacterium leprae were studied. nude-mouse-propagated m. leprae were incubated in a modified dubos medium in the presence of antimicrobial agents for 4 days. [u14c] pa was then added and incubation was continued for 8 days. the antileprosy agents dapsone, rifampin, and clofazimine (2 micrograms/ml each) caused a significant reduction in [u14c ... | 1988 | 3065422 |
| search for leprous infection in some small wild animals of louisiana. | 1988 | 3065423 | |
| psychrophilic mycobacteria in m. leprae-infected tissues. | 1988 | 3065424 | |
| multiplication of armadillo-derived m. leprae in murine dissociated schwann cell cultures. | 1988 | 3065425 | |
| purification and characterization of a 36 kda antigen of mycobacterium leprae. | a 36 kda antigen of mycobacterium leprae was purified by phenol biphasic partition followed by preparative sds-page. the purified antigen appeared as a single band in sds-page and eluted as a single peak in ion-exchange chromatography. the antigen comprised epitopes which were cross-reactive with m. tuberculosis, as well as a species-specific epitope (recognized by mab f47-9). different treatments of the 36 kda antigen suggested it to be largely protein in nature; the amino acid composition of 8 ... | 1988 | 3065448 |
| [viruses in multiple sclerosis]. | 1988 | 3066017 | |
| accessory cell function of dendritic cells from lymph nodes containing mycobacterium leprae induced granulomas. | dendritic cells were enriched from guinea pig auricular lymph nodes containing mycobacterium leprae induced granulomas by immunomagnetic depletion of other cells. these cells were strongly positive for major histocompatibility complex class ii antigens and labelled with an antidendritic cell monoclonal antibody, but not with an antimacrophage antibody. interdigitating dendritic cells were identified in the granulomatous lymph node by staining with the antidendritic cell antibody and by transmiss ... | 1988 | 3068154 |
| recognition of mycobacterial antigens by sera from patients with leprosy. | mycobacterium leprae sonic extracts prepared from armadillo-derived bacteria were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and western blotting (immunoblotting) procedures and probed with serum or plasma samples from 20 patients with lepromatous leprosy and 14 healthy endemic controls. five proteins of 33, 25, 18, 15, and 12 kilodaltons (kda) were frequently recognized; the 33- and 15-kda proteins were, respectively, recognized with high intensity by 16 and 13 of th ... | 1988 | 3068245 |
| demonstration of acid-fast bacilli in skin biopsies from indeterminate leprosy cases. | because the correct diagnosis of indeterminate leprosy (il) requires the finding of acid-fast bacilli in skin lesions from clinically and histopathologically suggestive cases, it is necessary to develop a reliable method for this purpose. this paper presents a simple procedure, available to every general laboratory, which consists in obtaining 2 suspensions: si, by mincing and grinding the tissue in phosphate-buffered saline; and sii, after treating si with naoh solution and digesting with tryps ... | 1988 | 3068861 |
| the efficacy of a cell-mediated reaction in the disposal of m. leprae in human skin. | the inability of lepromatous leprosy patients to mount a cellular immune response against mycobacterium leprae antigens is not understood. the extensive intracellular replication of bacilli in the phagocytes and the relative paucity of t lymphocytes in the lesions suggest that these patients might be incapable of generating normal delayed type hypersensitivity responses in their skin. in order to elucidate this problem we evaluated the patient's response to local antigen administration. our obse ... | 1988 | 3069709 |