Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| vancomycin. | 1976 | 183412 | |
| [gas formation during cultivation of cl. perfringens]. | 1976 | 183427 | |
| fluorimetric assay of sialic acids. | 1976 | 183563 | |
| phospholipase c assay using p-nitrophenylphosphoryl-choline together with sorbitol and its application to studying the metal and detergent requirement of the enzyme. | 1976 | 183567 | |
| effect of clostridium toxoids, especially of clostridium perfringens toxoid, on mouse transplanted tumors. | the antitumor activities of toxoids of clostridium perfringens, c. nouyi, c. septicum, and c. tetani were tested against sarcoma-180 and ehrlich carcinoma. among them, c. perfringens toxoid showed a high antitumor activity against the growth of the implanted sarcoma-180 ascites form. the results of the inhibiting effect of c. perfringens toxoid on nakahara-tokuzen-fukuoka (ntf) reticulum cell sarcoma and methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma were also described. | 1976 | 184006 |
| pathologenesis of hematogenous bacterial meningitis in rabbits. | the authors present data obtained from a series of 27 rabbits studied following intracarotid injection of saline, brain-heart infusion broth, aerobic, or anaerobic bacteria. these data support the hypothesis that injections of cultures of both aerobic and anaerobic organisms by way of the carotid artery disrupts the blood-brain barrier over the cerebral convexities within 15 minutes; however, the inflammatory response and bacterial proliferation occur much more rapidly in the ventricular system. ... | 1976 | 184258 |
| [effect of the products of the vital activity of clostridium aerofoetidum on the hemolytic and lethal properties of the causative agents of anaerobic gas infection]. | 1976 | 184368 | |
| laboratory diagnosis of foodborne diseases. | many bacterial species are responsible for sporadic cases and outbreaks of foodborne intoxication and infection. the foodborne diseases are classified on the basis of the pathogenetic mechanisms involved into four categories: performed toxin, enterotoxin formed in the colonized small intestine, mucosal invasion (enterocolitis) and mucosal invasion with bacteremia. invasive and toxigenic strains of enteropathogenic escherichia coli are discussed. in vivo test systems for the identification of ent ... | 1976 | 184732 |
| lecithinase-negative variants of clostridium perfringens; the identity of c. plagarum with c. perfringens. | identity of clostridium plagarum (prévot) com. nov. (1938) with c. perfringens was demonstrated in the tests for the cultural and biochemical properties, dna-dna homology, susceptibility to c. perfringens-specific lysin, complementary synthesis of c. perfringens theta-toxin between c. plagarum and theta-toxin-negative mutants of c. perfringens, as well as the tests for gas-chromatographic patterns. | 1976 | 184898 |
| anomalous aggregation of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin under dissociating conditions. | polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of highly purified clostridium perfringens enterotoxin revealed electrophoretic microheterogeneity of the enterotoxin, apparently because of slight charge differences in the peptides. detergent gel electrophoresis showed that purified enterotoxin formed high molecular weight aggregates in the presence of both sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. no conditions capable of inhibiting this phenomenon were found. although a molecular weig ... | 1976 | 184907 |
| acute intravascular hemolysis with minimal renal impairment in clostridium perfringens infection. | we report here a case of post-abortal clostridium prefringens infection in which there was severe intravascular hemolysis with black urine, but only minor abnormalities of the clotting mechanism and mild renal failure. the patient recovered following supportive therapy only. | 1976 | 184994 |
| clostridial cellulitis with localized gas formation in a dog. | 1976 | 185182 | |
| the skin flora of the hemiplegic hand. | more organisms were found on the paralysed hands of hemiplegic patients than on their unaffected ones. however, both showed considerably higher bacterial counts than did geriatric patients without paralysis. an infection rate for cl. welchi of 15% was found in the paralysed hands. | 1976 | 185286 |
| specific antibody against clostridium perfringens type a enterotoxin in chinese on taiwan. | 1976 | 185320 | |
| clostridial spontaneous peritonitis. | 1976 | 185433 | |
| [bacteria from the genus of clostridium as causative agents of food poisoning in man (author's transl)]. | 1976 | 185478 | |
| effect of nisin on heat resistance and gas production of some spore-formers. | 1976 | 185844 | |
| beneficial effect of catalase treatment on growth of clostridium perfringens. | several common plating media were tested for their ability to support growth of clostridium perfringens after storage of the plates for 1 to 10 days at 4 and 25 degrees c with and without subsequent addition of catalase. liver-veal (lv) agar and brain heart infusion (bhi) agar quickly become incapable of supporting growth after storage without added catalase, whereas shahidi ferguson perfringens (sfp) agar and brewer anaerobic (ba) agar were less affected. plate counts of c. perfringens on untre ... | 1976 | 185958 |
| clostridium perfringens infection in turkey poults. | necropsy of dead and sick 5-day-old poults from a flock of 12,500 broad-breasted white turkeys having high early mortality (685 the first week) revealed rather large inflamed retained yolk sacs with semiliquid contents, ascites, and swollen greenish-colored livers. cultures of livers and yolk sacs were negative by standard aerobic procedures for salmonella and any other bacterial pathogens. at the beginning of the 4th week, more poults were necropsied and found to have swollen livers with necrot ... | 1976 | 186016 |
| persistent high numbers of clostridium perfringens in the intestines of japanese aged adults. | tsn agar was applicable for enumeration of clostridium perfringens in fecal samples of adults but not in those of infants. it was demonstrated using tsn agar that some healthy aged adults had persistently carried c. perfringens at levels ranging from 10(7) to 10(9), while some others ranged from 10(3) to 10(6) per ml volume of fecal sample although all of these adults had the same diets. in the test for agglutinability of isolates of c. perfringens collected from two elderly adults, a younger ad ... | 1976 | 186657 |
| conformations of a,t-rich dnas. | dnas from the genomes of clostridium perfringens and cytophaga johnsonii display orthodox a-dna and b-dna structures despite their high (a+l) nucleotide content. unique structures, such as those found for synthetic dnas having specific special sequences, do therefore not necessarily occur for dnas having more random base sequence even if these have unusual base compositions. clostridium perfringens dna exhibits unusual structural properties only prior to purification by gel filtration. | 1976 | 186759 |
| [disease of newborn piglets caused by c1. perfringens]. | 1976 | 186937 | |
| an enterotoxin produced by clostridium perfringens type d. purification by affinity chromatography. | clostridium perfringens type d 9867 produced enterotoxin immunologically identical to that produced by types a and c which are responsible for c. perfringens food poisoning. enterotoxin from type c 5386 and type d 9867 was produced in duncan og strong sporulation medium (ds medium). the supernatant fluid from ds-cultures was used for purification of the enterotoxin by affinity chromatography on a monospecific anti-enterotoxin-coupled cnbr activated-sepharose 4b and activated ch-sepharose 4b colu ... | 1976 | 187011 |
| effect of sodium nitrite inhibition on intracellular thiol groups and on the activity of certain glycolytic enzymes in clostridium perfringens. | activities of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (ec 1.2.1.12) (gap-dh) and aldolase (ec 4.1.2.13) in cells of clostridium perfringens that had been inhibited with sodium nitrite were investigated. a complete loss in gap-dh activity and a 67% decrease in aldolase activity were observed when growth of c. perfringens was inhibited. there was also a 91% decrease in the concentration of free sulfhydryl groups of soluble cellular components. dithiothreitol restored some activity to inactive gap ... | 1976 | 187114 |
| [presence and pathogenic significance of clostridium perfringens type a in swine]. | 1976 | 187166 | |
| necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens. iii. reproduction of the disease. | lesions typical of necrotic enteritis could be produced experimentally in from 11-26% of broiler chickens consuming feed containing approximately 10(7) clostridium perfringens per gram. highest mortality was produced using isolates from field cases of necrotic enteritis which were reisolated from experimental cases in the laboratory. penicillin in the drinking water at 100,000 i.u./litre completely prevented mortality whereas chloramphenicol at 110 mg/litre delayed the onset and reduced the numb ... | 1976 | 187291 |
| the use of a multicomponent standard for clostridial vaccines. | a multicomponent clostridial vaccine in being developed with the objective of acting as a standard preparation for the control of vaccines containing one to eight components. it is intended initially for use in monitoring those components which can be assessed by antitoxin response assays in rabbits. the components involved, therefore, are the principle toxoids of clostridium (perfringens) welchii types b, c and d, cl. oedematiens type b, cl. septicum and cl. tetani. the proposed standard also c ... | 1976 | 187507 |
| an international survey of clostridial sera and vaccines. | the papers present the results of a survey of the usage, assay and specification of veterinary clostridial sera and vaccines in 23 countries. thirteen of the countries use up to 8 different antisera. all the countries use vaccines, which are prepared from 13 species and types of clostridia. vaccines containing up to 8 such components are commonly employed. criteria for the design and interpretation of assays are discussed and evidence for efficacy summarized. | 1976 | 187508 |
| production and standardization of polyvalent clostridium perfringens vaccine in iran. | in this presentation an account of the large-scale production and the standardization of polyvalent clostridium perfringens vaccine in iran is described. over 20 million doses of this vaccine are produced and utilized in iran every year. certain modifications have been made to the culture media used in our laboratory for the production of this vaccine in order to bring down its cost. the prepared vaccine is highly immunogenic as determined by the laboratory examination on the quality of the vacc ... | 1976 | 187509 |
| the standardization of cl. perfringens antigens and antisera. | the preparation of laboratory standard antitoxins against cl. perfringens beta and epsilon toxins is described. these antitoxins are suitable for the quantitative determination of the corresponding antigens by means of the flocculation test. the flocculation test was, however, shown to be more suitable for determining the antigenic value of fresh toxoid rather than toxoid stored without neutralization of excess formalin. a maximal immunity response to alum-precipitated epsilon toxoid was obtaine ... | 1976 | 187510 |
| [standardization of the control technics of clostridium perfringens vaccine. use of a reference vaccine]. | control of cl perfringens toxins. it is possible to employ a standardized technique for the control of the toxins of cl. perfringens. titres of ld50 per ml for the mouse and l+/50 per ml may be expressed with a confidence limit of 1.5. the assay of toxins by l+/50 (relating to their antigenic value) permits the establishment of standards by which it is possible to obtain a satisfactory vaccine with a high degree of certainty. 10 l+/50 per dose for cl. perfringens a 20 l+/50 per dose for cl. perf ... | 1976 | 187511 |
| [comparison between the official indirect method and the direct method of control of vaccines against sheep enterotoxemia]. | the official methods of control of vaccines against sheep enterotoxemia are indirect in two ways : on the one hand they are carried out on animals for which the vaccine is not intended, and on the other hand they test only an immunological serum reaction. another method consisting of direct testing by intravenous injection of toxin has been carried out on mice previously vaccinated with different doses. it has been shown that it is possible to obtain a certain level of protection giving a good d ... | 1976 | 187512 |
| experimental studies on serum treatment and vaccination against cl. perfringens type c infection in piglets. | subcutaneous administration of serum to piglets just after birth resulted in serum titres of 9-18 i.u. beta-antitoxin per ml in the first three days of life. at the ages of 7, 14, and 28 days the titres had dropped to about 5-9, 2 and 1 i.u. per ml, respectively. oral administration of the same dose of serum resulted in serum titres of about half of those found after s.c. administration. in infected herds a significant protective effect after both s.c. and oral administration of serum was found ... | 1976 | 187513 |
| solid-phase radioimmunoassays for quantitative antibody determination of bacterial exotoxins. measurement of clostridium perfringens type d epsilon antitoxin. | two reversed solid-phase radioimmunoassays have been developed for quantitative determination of antibodies against clostridium perfringens type d epsilon toxin. 125i labelled prototoxin was used in the bromoacetyl cellulose-bound antibody method and in the antibody coated tube method. the procedures are based on the competition for 125i labelled prototoxin between the insoluble antibodies and the antibodies present in the unknown sample. the radioactivity bound to solid-phase is in inverse rati ... | 1976 | 187514 |
| an international serotyping system for clostridium perfringens (welchii) type a in the near future. | the importance of clostridium perfringens (welchii) type a as an agent of clinical infection in man is well known and, more recently, its role as a cause of human food poisoning has become well recognized. there has been a growing awareness of the need for a system of finer subdivision within the type a group for better understanding of the epidemiology of cl. perfringens in infections and food poisoning. a set of antisera used for typing and developed in the food hygiene laboratory over a perio ... | 1976 | 187515 |
| quality control for fermented meats. | 1976 | 187566 | |
| characterization of one neutral and two acidic glycoasparagines isolated from the urine of patients with aspartylglycosylaminuria (agu). | one neutral and two acidic glycoasparagines were isolated from the urine of patients with aspartylglycosylaminuria (agu). the neutral one was identified as beta-gal-(1 leads to 4)-beta-glcnac-asn. the acidic ones were composed of 1 mole of sialic acid and 2 moles each of galactose and n-acetylglucosamine, attached to asparagine, and were isomeric with respect to the position of sialic acid attachment since they produced the same glycoasparagine on incubation with the neuraminidase [ec 3.2.1.18] ... | 1976 | 187576 |
| gonadotropin receptors in plasma membranes of bovine corpus luteum. i. effect of phospholipases on the binding of 125i-choriogonadotropin by membrane-associated and solubilized receptors. | the ability of bovine corpus luteum plasma membranes to bind 125i-choriogonadotropin has been examined after prior treatment of the membranes with phospholipases a, c, and d. treatment of the purified membranes with low concentrations of phospholipases a and c resulted in the inhibition of the binding of 125i-choriogonadotropin to its receptors, whereas phospholipase d had no effect. receptor activity was decreased by low concentrations of phospholipase a from either bee venom, vipera russelli o ... | 1976 | 187585 |
| improved rubella hemagglutination inhibtion test: inactivation of non-immunoglobulin hemagglutination inhibitors by phospholipase c. | a method using phospholipase c (pl-c) for removing nonspecific inhibitors (nsi) of rubella virus hemagglutinin is described. pl-c was found to hydrolyze nsi without altering the hemagglutination inhibition (hi) activity of the specific antibody and could be used to remove nsi in the rubella hi test by using formalinized erythrocytes, which resisted the enzymatic action; fresh erythrocytes were lysed by pl-c. the hi test using pl-c treated sera gave true measurements of actual rubella antibody co ... | 1976 | 187617 |
| [dynamics of clostridium perfringens type a no.28 and staphylococcus 0-15 interaction]. | 1976 | 187906 | |
| rapid microbiological assay for chloramphenicol and tetracyclines. | an agar diffusion assay for chloramphenicol and tetracyclines is described, using inhibition of hemolysis by clostridium perfringens as a biological indicator of antimicrobial activity. well-defined zones formed after a 1.5- to 2-h incubation in an anaerobic chamber or after 3 h using a gaspak system. serum levels of chloramphenicol as low as 2.0 mug/ml could be reproducibly determined with this method. concurrent presence of gentamicin did not influence the assay. levels of penicillin g were al ... | 1976 | 180881 |
| growth of clostridium tertium and clostridium septicum in chemically defined media. | defined media for the growth of clostridium tertium and clostridium septicum are described. the requirements for growth of these two species are compared with each other and with those of clostridium perfringens. | 1976 | 180884 |
| influence of starch source on sporulation and enterotoxin production by clostridium perfringens type a. | of 16 different starch preparations tested, clostridium perfringes nctc 8798 yielded maximum sporulation and enterotoxin formation when icn-soluble starch was included in duncan and strong sporulation medium. in general soluble starches were better than potato, corn, or arrowroot starch with regard to these two parameters. | 1976 | 180885 |
| bacteriological quality and shelf life of ground beef. | the bacteriological quality of unfrozen raw ground beef was evaluated after 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 days of storage at 29 +/- 1 f (-1.7 +/- 0.6 c). at the time of fabrication, all of the ground beef samples contained 10(6) or fewer total aerobic and psychrotrophic bacteria/g; 81% contained 100 or fewer coliforms/g; 94% contained 100 or fewer escherichia coli/g; and all of the samples contained 100 or fewer coagulase-positive staphylococcus aureus and clostridium perfringens/g. total aerobic a ... | 1976 | 180886 |
| isolation of pseudomonas aeruginosa and other bacterial species from ornamental aquarium plants. | ornamental aquarium plants were demonstrated to carry as many as 10(8) viable mesophilic bacteria per g. gram-negative organisms predominated among the 19 genera of bacteria identified. pseudomonas aeruginosa was readily isolated from 53% of the samples tested. | 1976 | 180888 |
| evaluation of "instant" preparation of the colon with povidone-iodine. | the antimicrobial effect of 20 minutes exposure to 10% povidone-iodine solution and to 5% neomycin-erythromycin solution was evaluated in vitro in 6 suspensions of dog feces. povidone-iodine eliminated aerobic growth (p less than 0.001) and reduced anaerobes 4.01 +/- 1.06 (p less than 0.02); c. perfringens was the only anaerobic organism grown. forty unprepared dogs underwent resection of the sigmoid colon and primary anastomosis. twenty received normal saline and 20 povidone-iodine injected int ... | 1976 | 180916 |
| gas gangrene: review of 34 cases. | high morbidity and mortality continue to result from gas gangrene, despite the use of aggressive modes of therapy. between 1967 and 1973, 34 patients with gas gangrene were seen at the university of maryland hospital; 11 (32.3%) died. clostridium perfringens was recovered from the wounds in 79% of the cases and from the blood in 15%. eighty-five percent of the wounds contained one or more organisms in addition to c perfringens, with as many as seven organisms recovered from some wounds. twenty-n ... | 1976 | 180918 |
| immunological and biochemical studies of meningococcal c polysaccharides isolated by diethylaminoethyl chromatography. | meningococcal c polysaccharides isolated from the broth supernatant of c1+ and c1- strains by a combination of sepharose 4b and diethylaminoethyl-52 chromatography are antigenically identical to the group c antigen isolated by the cetavlon procedure. immunizations result in the induction of precipitating, hemagglutinating, and bactericidal antibodies in rabbits and sheep and hemagglutinating and bactericidal antibodies in rabbits and sheep and hemagglutinating and bactericidal antibodies in gerb ... | 1976 | 181322 |
| studies of lesions produced in the brains of colostrum deprived lambs by clostridium welchii (cl. perfringens) type d toxin. | 1976 | 181408 | |
| [study of the toxigenic properties of a mixture of the s- and r-forms of clostridium perfringens 28 (bp6k)]. | 1976 | 181662 | |
| studies on the relationship between intestinal flora and cecal coccidiosis in chicken. | the bacteriological and histopathological changes in the ceca of young chickens after being infected with sporulated oocysts of eimeria tenella were investigated. lactobacilli and bifidobacteria showed remarkable decrease in number on the 5th day after infection, when shizont and gametocyate came to appear, and destruction of mucosa along with severe haemorrhaging was noticed. other predominant bacteria like bacteroidaceae, catenabacteria and peptostreptococci showed only moderate and temporal d ... | 1976 | 181739 |
| bacteria in hip surgery. a study of routine aerobic and anaerobic cultivation from skin and closed suction wound drains. | one hundred and seven patients with closed suction wound drains after hip surgery were investigated with regard to bacteria in the drain. in one-third of the cases bacterial contamination of the wound was found. in more than half the total number of cases the bacteria in the wound were not identical with those found on the skin, either pre- or post-operatively. anaerobe bacteria occurred only in one case. penicillin administration considerably reduced the frequency of positive cultures. these fi ... | 1976 | 181944 |
| meningitis due to combined infections. association of haemophilus influenzae type b and clostridium perfringens. | haemophilus influenzae type b and clostridium perfringens were recovered simultaneously from the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with purulent meningitis. no antecedent history of head trauma was present to explain the coexistence of the anaerobe with haemophilus organisms. a review of the literature on mixed meningitis indicates that no previous cases of anaerobes have been reported in uncomplicated meningitis due to multiple organisms. in addition, the recovery of clostridia is extremely unus ... | 1976 | 181982 |
| [effect of the physiological activity of clostridium cells on their sensitivity to antibiotics]. | actively multiplicating cells of c1. perfringens proved to be more sensitive to 7-chlor-7-desoxylincomycin and rifampicin than the cells in the phase of the population dying. the bactericidal effect of the antibiotics on clostridia vegetating at a temperature range within 37--4degrees was studied. determination of the content of higher fatty acids in the cultivation medium with the method of gas chromatography showed that the metabolic processes in the bacterial cells went on at a temperature of ... | 1976 | 182071 |
| purification and characterization of n-acetylneuraminate lyase from clostridium perfringens. | clostridium perfringens cells were cultivated on a large scale using an automatic system. 2) n-acetylneuraminate lyase, which is a cytosolic enzyme, was liberated from the bacteria by cell lysis using lysozyme in hypotonic solution. the enzyme was purified 770-fold by precepitation with ammonium sulfate, filtration on sephadex a-50 and final preparative electrophoresis in a 7.5% polyacrylamide gel. yield: 12 mg from 1 kg wet cell paste; specific activity: 167 nkat/mg protein. 3) the enzyme prepa ... | 1976 | 182637 |
| neuraminidase-releasable surface sialic acid of cultured astroblasts exposed to ethanol. | 1976 | 182921 | |
| evidence for a one-hit theory in the immune bactericidal reaction and demonstration of a multi-hit response for hemolysis by streptolysin o and clostridium perfringens theta-toxin. | an analytical method was developed for estimating the number of hits necessary to lyse or kill cells in which various concentrations of the cells are treated with a constant amount of the lytic or killing agent in a constant reaction volume. the reaction may be due to a single-component agent or occur by a sequential chain of reactions due to a multi-component agent, even including side, abortive, or counter-reactions. it was clearly shown by this method that immune bactericidal reactions follow ... | 1976 | 177364 |
| pregnancy interrupting effects of some bacterial toxins. | embryotoxic properties of shigella dysenteriae and clostridium perfringens toxins, of e. coli endotoxin, v. cholerase and e. coli enterotoxins were compared in mice. e. coli endotoxin has embryotoxic effects at all stages of pregnancy. e. coli enterotoxin v. cholerae enterotoxin and shigella dysenteriae toxin are most effective mainly at earlier stages of pregnancy. clostridium perfringens toxin has no embryotoxic effect. | 1976 | 178014 |
| the effect of enterotoxin of clostridium welchii (perfringens) type a on fowls. | lethal doses of enterotoxin of clostridium welchii (perfringens) type a injected intravenously into young fowls caused immediate lassitude, with partial recovery, followed by death seven to 35 h after inoculation. lesions found were ascites, hydropericardium, oedema of the muscles, hepatic congestion, urate deposits on the peritoneum and the pericardium, and intestinal hyperaemia. sublethal doses produced no clinical signs or lesion. the ld50 of this enterotoxin was 74-84 mug/kg of body weight. | 1976 | 178036 |
| case report. clostridium perfringens septicemia with detection of phospholipase c activity in the serum. | clostridium perfringens septicemia with massive hemolysis is described in an elderly woman with refractory anemia. this case is highly unusual in that (1) the diagnosis was made during life by discovery of the organisms on a routine peripheral blood film, and that (2) phospholipase c activity was detected in the serum. | 1976 | 176888 |
| inhibition of clostridium perfringens by an antibiotic substance produced by bacillus licheniformis in the digestive tract of gnotobiotic mice: effect on other bacteria from the digestive tract. | a strain of bacillus licheniformis, established in the digestive tract of gnotobiotic mice, inhibited the subsequent establishment of a clostridium perfringens strain ingested by the animals. this inhibitory effect depended on the in vivo production by b. licheniformis of an antibiotic substance having a number of the characteristics of bacitracin. if c. perfringens was the first to become established in the digestive tract of the gnotobiotic mice, b. licheniformis also became established but di ... | 1976 | 176929 |
| human fibrinogen and asialo-fibrinogen: a comparison of coagulation parameters. | 1976 | 176955 | |
| pathogenesis of enteritis necroticans in papula new guinea. | it is suggested that enteritis necroticans occurs in the people of the highlands of papua new guinea because they have low levels of digestive proteases in the intestinal lumen. these low protease levels are the result of a low-protein diet and the presence of heat-stable trypsin inhibitors in sweet potatato, the dietary staple. low proteolytic activity allows the b toxin of clostridium welchii type c, which is extremely susceptible to proteolysis, to initiate the disease. | 1976 | 54640 |
| alkaline and enzymatic hydrolysis of conjugated bile acids. | 1976 | 1165 | |
| subunit structure of human erythrocyte glycophorin a. | glycophorin a is a sialoglycoprotein isolated from human erythrocyte membranes which seems to exist as stable dimeric complexes in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. when analyzed by dodecyl sulfate acrylamide electrophoresis this molecule forms two pas-stainable bands (pas-u and pas-2) which are reversibly interconvertible. this change in electrophoretic mobility is dependent on the concentration of dodecyl sulfate, the use of trisbuffer systems, the protein concentration in the incubation ... | 1976 | 175830 |
| pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis. | pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (pci) is an uncommon disease of previously unknown etiology, characterized by the presence of gas-filled cysts in the walls of some portion of the gastrointestinal tract. this investigation showed that pci was readily produced in the germfree rat by inoculating its peritoneal cavity with a pure culture of either c. perfringens or c. tertium. similar inoculation of the germfree animal with any one of eight other clostridia species did not result in the formation ... | 1976 | 176016 |
| use of horseradish peroxidase to study the antagonism of clostridium welchii (cl. perfringens) type d epsilon toxin in mice by the formalinized epsilon prototoxin. | 1976 | 176185 | |
| lysis of tumor cells by antibody and complement. vi. enhanced killing of enzyme-pretreated tumor cells. | the ascites form of a chemically induced guinea pig hepatoma, line-10, was resistant to killing in vitro by xenogeneic antibody and guinea pig complement. pretreatment of line-10 cells with certain proteolytic enzymes rendered tham susceptible to the killing action of antibody and guinea pig complement. the effects of enzyme pretreatment were dependent on enzyme concentration, temperature, and could be blocked by addition of competitive or non-competitive inhibitors. the effect of the enzyme tre ... | 1976 | 176270 |
| antibacterial activity of oxidized regenerated cellulose. | it has been demonstrated that oxidized regenerated cellulose promptly and markedly reduces the bacterial census of ten different strains of common pathogens when exposed to them in vitro. this was not true of two other hemostatic agents tested, namely, absorbable gelatin sponge and topical thrombin. wounds in guinea pigs in which oxidized regenerated cellulose was placed and infected with one of three pathogens had healing per primum in 39 of 40 instances. in similar control wounds and incisions ... | 1976 | 176740 |
| initial studies on "six months disease" in sheep. | enterotoxaemia in sheep due to clostridium welchii type d was indicated by field and laboratory investigations in nepal. morphological, cultural, biochemical, biological and toxin-producing characteristics observed were used to type the isolates. in anaerobic meat medium, all isolates produced pinkish discoloration of meat. all the strains fermented lactose, maltose, dextrose and sucrose whereas, salicine was fermented only by 17 strains. all but five strains were mr negative. out of 200 isolate ... | 1976 | 176766 |
| single-dose peroperative antibiotic prophylaxis in gastrointestinal surgery. | a single intravenous dose of tobramycin and lincomycin, given at the start of gastrointestinal operations, significantly reduced the incidence of postoperative wound infection from 34% to 5%. the occurrence of both anaerobic and aerobic bacteria was reduced. therapeutic concentrations of the antibiotics were maintained throughout the operative period in most cases. no toxic effects of the antibiotics were detected, no anaesthetic complication occurred, and resistant strains of bacteria normally ... | 1976 | 60565 |
| necrotising enterocolitis of the newborn--is it gas-gangrene of the bowel? | necrotising enterocolitis (n.e.c.) of the newborn is thought to be caused by ischaemia of the bowel. this would favour the conversion of clostridial spores, which can occur very early in the intestinal tract of newborns, to toxin-producing, invading bacilli. the histology of resected gut specimens from 6 of 7 n.e.c. patients who had undergone operation was similar to that in cases of gas-gangrene of the bowel and that in experimentally provoked pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis. in one case clo ... | 1976 | 61397 |
| quantitative chemical analyses and antigenic properties of peptidoglycans from clostridium botulinum and other clostridia. | the cell wall peptodoglycans were isolated from clostridium botulinum and some other species of the genus clostridium by hot formamide extraction and their quantitative chemical composition and antigenic properties were determined. the petidoglycan of c. botulinum type e was found to be a diaminopimelic acid (dap)-containing type composed of glucosamine, muramic acid, glutamic acid, alanine and dap in the molar ratio of 0.76:0.78:1.00:1.88:0.81. all other types of c. botulinum and clostridium sp ... | 1976 | 62070 |
| a serotyping system for clostridium welchii (c. perfringens) type a, and studies on the type-specific antigens. | a serotyping scheme for clostridium welchii (c. perfringens) type a employing 57 antisera has been used to investigate the epidemiology of 153 food-poisoning outbreaks and 32 cases of gas gangrene and other clinical infections. respectively 65% and 59% of the isolates were typable, and in 55% of the food-poisoning outbreaks the causative serotypes were established. isolation and reporting methods that would render the typing scheme of even greater epidemiological value are described. the type-sp ... | 1976 | 63553 |
| the use of a double gel (g-25/deae sephadex) for one step separation of fluorescein tagged gamma-globulins. | 1976 | 64998 | |
| the effect of silver ion binding and ph on the buoyant density of dna and its use in fractionating heterogeneous dna. | 1. the effect of ph on the buoyant density of the complexes of ag+ with dna has been studied using 3h-labeled human dna and several bacterial dnas to determine the conditions necessary for the maximum resolution of compositional heterogeneity. in neutral cs2so4 density gradients, ag+ complexes with (g - c)-rich components are always denser than those with (a - t)-rich components, since (g - c)rich dnas have a larger affinity for ag+ than (a - t)-rich dnas and their complexes are denser than (a - ... | 1976 | 4104 |
| relationship between hemagglutinin and sialidase from clostridium perfringens cn3870: chromatographic characterization of the biologically active proteins. | biochemical characterization of hemagglutinin and sialidase activities from clostridium perfringens strain cn3870 revealed that this strain produced three sialidase enzymes that were separable to gel filtration, ion exchange chromatography, and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the molecular weights of sialidase i, ii, and iii activities were 310,000 +/- 10,000, 105,000 +/- 4,000 and 64,000 +/- 2,000, respectively, the first figure being an approximate value only. | 1976 | 4434 |
| relationship between hemagglutinin and sialidase from clostridium perfringens cn3870: gel filtration of mutant and reverant activities. | gel filtration of supernatant fluids, from the wild-type clostridium perfringens, strain cn3870, and several of the mutants and reverants derived from this strain, showed that these mutants failed to product detectable amounts of still produced sialidase iii activity. the reverants tested had regained the ability to produce approximately wild-type levels of the i and ii forms of both activities. these results showthat there is a direct relationship between the production of the i form and hemagg ... | 1976 | 4435 |
| inhibition of clostridium perfringens by heated combinations of nitrite, sulfur, and ferrous or ferric ions. | heating mixtures of sodium nitrite, cysteine, and either ferrous sulfate or ferric chloride at 121 c for 20 min at ph 6.5 or 6.3 produced a potent inhibitor of clostridium perfringens vegetative cells and spores when added to previously heat-sterilized fluid thioglycolate medium. when the mixtures containing feso4 at ph 5.2 or fecl3 at ph 2.7 were heated, the inhibitory effect was not produced. these responses seem to eliminate the possibility that cysteine nitrosothiol is the agent responsible ... | 1976 | 8004 |
| bifidobacteria in the intestinal tract of infants: an in-vivo study. | weekly faecal specimens from 18 babies were examined during the first 8 weeks of life. eight infants were breast fed, ten were bottle-fed. all suckling infants received supplementary feeds for the first 8 days. a buffer consisting of acetic acid and acetate was demonstrated in the faeces of all the breast-fed infants at some time during the period of examination. this buffer was rarely detected during the 1st week of life when supplementary feeds were given, and buffer already present gradually ... | 1976 | 8646 |
| serologic properties of strains of cl. perfringens isolated from the intestinal contents of healthy subjects. | a study was made of the quantitative content in the intestine of c1. perfringens strains in 6 healthy persons who stayed in a hermetically sealed space for 1 month and for 1 year. c1. perfingens strains were isolated from the fecal samples of each of the volunteers at various periods of the trial. a total of 570 strains of c1. perfringens of type a with anticellular sera obtained to the strains of various serological groups were studied. serological properties of c1. perfringens strains of type ... | 1976 | 8938 |
| stable l-forms of clostridium perfringens and their growth on glass surfaces. | l-forms of clostridium perfringens were induced in brain heart infusion broth containing 10% sucrose and 2 units of penicillin. after a few hours of growth, spheroplasts, granules, and elongated bacilli were apparent. at 24-h intervals, serial subcultures were made in the above medium which resulted in a culture composed entirely of spheroplasts (or protoplasts) and granules. upon the withdrawal of penicillin these l-form cultures grew well and, after 100 passages, there was no reversion to the ... | 1976 | 9192 |
| biological properties of cl. perfringens type a, isolated from human subjects inhabiting a hermetic chamber. | this paper gives the results of quantifying and studying the biological properties of cl. perfringens strains isolated from feces of test subjects kept in an enclosure for 34 days. during the experiment the total number of cl. perfringens increased. it was especially true of the strains with an elevated toxigenic activity. this activity correlated with an increase of the titer of alpha-hemolysines and proteolytic enzymes. | 1976 | 9533 |
| production of phospholipase c (alpha-toxin), haemolysins and lethal toxins by clostridium perfringens types a to d. | to obtain high yields of extracellular enzymes and toxins for immunological analysis, type culture collection strains of clostridium perfringens types a to d and 28 fresh isolates of c. perfringens type a from humans were grown in fermenters under controlled conditions in a pre-reduced proteose peptone medium. the type culture collection strains all showed different characteristics with respect to growth rates and ph optima for growth. production of phospholipase c (alpha-toxin), haemolysin and ... | 1976 | 10344 |
| 3alpha-, 7alpha- and 12alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities from clostridium perfringens. | 25 strains of clostridium perfringens were screened for hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity; 19 contained nadp-dependent 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and eight contained nad-dependent 12alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase active against conjugated and unconjugated bile salts. all strains containing 12alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase also contained 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase although 12alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase was invariably in lesser quantity than the 3alpha-hydroxys ... | 1976 | 10985 |
| validation of a simple radiochemical assay measuring hydrolysis of choline-labelled microsomal phosphatidylcholine by phospholipase c. ph-dependence. | selective hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine species, which are selectively radioactively labelled in vivo, does not appear to interfere with a radiochemical assay for hydrolysis of microsomal phosphatidylcholine by c-type phospholipases from bacillus cereus or clostridium perfringens. both phospholipases substantially hydrolysed phosphatidylcholine over the ph range 4.0-10.0. | 1976 | 13785 |
| spin-labeling studies on the lipids of psychrophilic, psychrotrophic, and mesophilic clostridia. | spin-labeling studies were conducted to elucidate the viscosity and phase transition temperatures of lipids isolated from psychrophilic, psychrotrophic, and mesophilic clostridia. electron spin resonance spectroscopy indicated that the lipids, for all the growth temperatures tested, were in a fluid state and from 13 to 24 c higher than the corresponding lipid transition temperatures. when the organisms were grown at different temperatures, a psychrotropic and two mesophilic clostridia were shown ... | 1976 | 173705 |
| spore membrane(s) as the site of damage within heated clostridium perfringens spores. | clostridium perfringens spores were injured by ultrahigh-temperature treatment at 105 c for 5 min. injury was manifested as an increased sensitivity to polymyxin and neomycin. since many of the survivors could not germinate normally the ultrahigh-temperature-treated spores were sensitized to and germinated by lysozyme. polymyxin reportedly acts upon the cell membrane. neomycin may inhibit protein synthesis and has surface-active properties. injured spores were increasingly sensitive to known sur ... | 1976 | 173708 |
| synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid, ribonucleic acid, and protein during sporulation of clostridium perfringens. | the kinetics of deoxyribonucleic acid (dna), ribonucleic acid (rna), and protein synthesis as well as protein breakdown during sporulation by clostridium perfringens were determined. maximum levels of dna and net rna synthesis occurred 3 and 2 h, respectively, after inoculation of sporulation medium. the rate of rna synthesis decreased as sporulation progressed. deoxyadenosine increased uptake of [14c]uracil and [14c]thymine but depressed the level of sporulation and the formation of heat-resist ... | 1976 | 173709 |
| specificity in enzyme inhibition. 3. synthesis of 5-substituted 2,2-dimethyl-4-imidazolidinones as inhibitors of tyrosine decarboxylase and histidine decarboxylase. | 2,2-dimethyl-4-imidazolidinone derivatives of the alpha-amino acids dl-phenylglycine (1), dl-phenylalanine (2), l-tyrosine (3), l-histidine (4), and l-tryptophan (5) were prepared in order to assess their specificity in inhibiting amino acid decarboxylases. treatment of th alpha-aminonitriles with acetone in the presence of base and heat or treatment of the alpha-amino amides with acetone gave the title compounds in 48-85% yield. the compounds afforded moderate ability to inhibit the decarboxyla ... | 1976 | 173851 |
| on the activation of plasma membrane ecto-enzymes by treatment with neuraminidase. | it had been proposed that sialyl-residues on the surface of the cell control the activity of certain plasma membrane ecto-enzymes. we have tested the effects of several established (or presumptive) ecto-enzymes in tissue cultures of cns-derived cells. application of neuraminidases to cultured mouse neuroblastoma (n-18), neonatal syrian hamster astrocytes (nn), human astrocytoma (cox clone) and two lines of primary mouse astroblasts failed to change the activity of ecto-atpase and 5'-nucleotidase ... | 1976 | 12170585 |
| comparative study of two methods for detection of clostridium perfringens in ground beef. | the tryptose-sulfite-cycloserine agar pour plate method was superior to selective enrichment in liquid sulfite medium for isolation of small numbers of clostridium perfringens from frozen ground beef. | 1977 | 16345236 |
| life and the outer planets i. performance of terrestrial organisms in ammonia-rich systems. | survival and growth of organisms has been demonstrated at 298 degrees k in nh3 atmospheres, including ammonia-methane mixtures. included are bacteria such as clostridium perfringens, pseudomonas aeruginosa, fungi such as penicillium notatum and torula utilis. although the biological response in onion and other species of allium is limited to germination, standard metabolic poisons were active even in 15 m aqueous nh3, at 250 degrees k. the most extreme example of compatibility between nh3-rich e ... | 1977 | 12596809 |
| intestinal autoflora of the test subjects in a 6-month biological engineering experiment. | during a 6-month bioengineering experiment the intestinal microflora of four test subjects was examined. changes in the composition of different groups of intestinal microflora (bifidobacteria, lactic-acid bacteria, sporogenous anaerobes, proteus, etc) were found. in spite of the unstable pattern of the intestinal microflora and its tendency for simplification, the total number of microorganisms in 1 g of feces remained relatively unchanged in all the test subjects. | 1977 | 15161 |
| synthesis and biological activity of some vinyl-substituted 2-nitroimidazoles. | in previous studies 1-methyl-2-nitro-1h-imidazole-5-carboxaldehyde and 1-methyl-2-nitro-5-vinyl-1h-imidazole were found to posses interesting antimicrobial activities. we have now prepared some 2-nitro-1h-imidazoles in which the 5-vinyl chain bears selected functional groups (cho, coch3, no2) as well as nitrogen-condensation derivatives of the carbonyl functions. furthermore, 5-methyl-2-nitro-1-vinyl-1h-imidazole has been synthesized. all the compounds, and some intermediates, have been assayed ... | 1977 | 16132 |
| clostridium perfringens--specific lysin. | a mitomycin c induced lysate of clostridium perfringens strain kz219 was lytic to 50 strains of c. perfringens of types a-e, and three strains of c. plagarum. the lysin was active against only 2 out of 87 strains of 51 other clostridial species. the optimum ph of the lytic agent was 5.5. the activity was largely inactivated by proteolytic enzymes, and nearly completely inactivated by heating at 60 degrees c for 5 min. | 1977 | 17459 |
| activity of spectinomycin against anaerobes. | the in vitro inhibitory activity of spectinomycin was tested against various anaerobic bacteria. different results were obtained with different media and with different initial ph's of the media. the highest minimum inhibitory concentrations for bacteroides fragilis (formula: see text 128 mug/ml) were obtained with the use of wilkins-chalgren agar (ph 7.2) and brucella blood agar (ph 7.0). brucella blood agar at higher ph's (7.4 and 8.0) and mueller-hinton and diagnostic sensitivity test agars p ... | 1977 | 18985 |
| purification of alpha-l-fucosidase from various sources by affinity chromatography. | an affinity column for alpha-l-fucosidases was constructed by linking p-amino-phenyl 1-thio-alpha-l-fucopyranoside to sepharose 4b through linkers of succinyl 3,3'-diamino-dipropylamine. excellent purification of alpha-l-fucosidase from rat epididymis, clostridium perfringens and limulus polyphemus (horse shoecrab) could be effected inone step with good yield. an affinity column purification step can be introduced at any point in published purification procedures. the purified enzyme is essentia ... | 1977 | 19490 |
| properties of four temperate bacteriophages active on clostridium perfringens type a. | four temperature bacteriophages (designated as pf1, pf2, pf3 and pf4) were isolated from lysogenic strains of clostridium perfringens type a. on the basis of plaque morphology, ph stability, dnase and rnase resistance, buoyant density, one-step growth parameters and electron microscope phage dimensions, it seems that these phages are different and unrelated. calcium was required for better phage replication. bacterial strain s107 appears to be the only uv-inducible strain as compared with the ot ... | 1977 | 22105 |
| current aspects of gas gangrene, apropos of 47 cases collected over a 3-year period (1974-1976). | on the basis of 47 cases of gas gangrene collected over the three year period between 1974 and 1976, the authors review the circumstances surrounding its development, the clinical features and the prognosis of the disorder which remains grave despite a well-defined therapeutic protocol combining surgery, antibiotics and hyperbaric oxygen. there would appear to be a real resurgence of the disease at the present time. post-traumatic and surgical aetiologies predominate, giving rise to two types of ... | 1977 | 23023 |