Publications

development of plasmid vector and electroporation condition for gene transfer in sporogenic lactic acid bacterium, bacillus coagulans.	bacillus coagulans is a sporogenic lactic acid bacterium that ferments glucose and xylose, major components of plant biomass, a potential feedstock for cellulosic ethanol. the temperature and ph for optimum rate of growth of b. coagulans (50 to 55 degrees c, ph 5.0) are very similar to that of commercially developed fungal cellulases (50 degrees c; ph 4.8). due to this match, simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (ssf) of cellulose to products by b. coagulans is expected to require less ...	2007	17215040
temperature-dependent structure of the e x s complex of bacillus stearothermophilus alcohol dehydrogenase.	the catalytic chemistry of the thermophilic bacillus stearothermophilus alcohol dehydrogenase (htadh) closely resembles that of mesophilic horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase (hladh). molecular dynamics (md) simulations of the htadh x nad+ x eto- complex at 298, 323, and 348 k show that the structure of the ligated zn2+...eto- complex varies slightly with change in temperature. the md-created boltzmann distribution of htadh x nad+ x eto- structures establishes the formation of multiple states whic ...	2007	17223705
functional characterization of the initiation enzyme of s-layer glycoprotein glycan biosynthesis in geobacillus stearothermophilus nrs 2004/3a.	the glycan chain of the s-layer glycoprotein of geobacillus stearothermophilus nrs 2004/3a is composed of repeating units [-->2)-alpha-l-rhap-(1-->3)-beta-l-rhap-(1-->2)-alpha-l-rhap-(1-->], with a 2-o-methyl modification of the terminal trisaccharide at the nonreducing end of the glycan chain, a core saccharide composed of two or three alpha-l-rhamnose residues, and a beta-d-galactose residue as a linker to the s-layer protein. in this study, we report the biochemical characterization of wsap o ...	2007	17237178
sporicidal activity of the kmt reagent in its vapor phase against geobacillus stearothermophilus spores.	in an investigation of the sporicidal activity of the kmt reagent, a vapor phase study was performed using five kinds of carriers contaminated with geobacillus stearothermophilus spores. when 25 ml of the kmt reagent was vaporized in a chamber (capacity; approximately 95 liters), the 2-step heating method (vaporization by a combination of low temperature and high temperature) showed the most effective sporicidal activity in comparison with the 1-step heating method (rapid vaporization). the 2-st ...	2007	17237604
crystal structure of the geobacillus stearothermophilus carboxylesterase est55 and its activation of prodrug cpt-11.	several mammalian carboxylesterases were shown to activate the prodrug irinotecan (cpt-11) to produce 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (sn-38), a topoisomerase inhibitor used in cancer therapy. however, the potential use of bacterial carboxylesterases, which have the advantage of high stability, has not been explored. we present the crystal structure of the carboxyesterase est55 from geobacillus stearothermophilus and evaluation of its enzyme activity on cpt-11. crystal structures were determined ...	2007	17239398
comparative analysis of new innovative vaccine formulations based on the use of procaryotic display systems.	a t helper epitope was expressed in three innovative delivery vehicles recently developed in our laboratories and based respectively, on the filamentous bacteriophage fd, the e2 protein from the pdh complex of bacillus stearothermophilus and the protein cotc of bacillus subtilis spores. studies of antigenicity and immunogenicity were performed by using a specific t cell hybridoma and by priming mononuclear cells isolated from the venous blood of human donors. the results indicate that the e2 sys ...	2007	17239998
temperature impacts the multiple attack action of amylases.	the action pattern of several amylases was studied at 35, 50, and 70 degrees c using potato amylose, a soluble (red starch) and insoluble (cross-linked amylose) chromophoric substrate. with potato amylose as substrate, bacillus stearothermophilus alpha-amylase (bsta) and porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase displayed a high degree of multiple attack (dma, i.e., the number of bonds broken during the lifetime of an enzyme-substrate complex minus one), the fungal alpha-amylase from aspergillus oryzae a ...	2007	17309295
structural features of a cold-adapted alaskan bacterial lipase.	the three dimensional model of cold-adapted alaskan psychrotroph pseudomonas species (strain b11-1) lipase has been constructed by homology modeling based on the crystal structure of acetyl esterase from rhodococcus species and refined by molecular dynamics methods. our model locates the substrate-binding cavity and further suggests that ser-155, asp-250, and his-280 are the members of the catalytic triad. substrate specificity of the modeled lipase has been examined by docking experiments, whic ...	2007	17313191
genetic incorporation of unnatural amino acids into proteins in mammalian cells.	we developed a general approach that allows unnatural amino acids with diverse physicochemical and biological properties to be genetically encoded in mammalian cells. a mutant escherichia coli aminoacyl-trna synthetase (aars) is first evolved in yeast to selectively aminoacylate its trna with the unnatural amino acid of interest. this mutant aars together with an amber suppressor trna from bacillus stearothermophilus is then used to site-specifically incorporate the unnatural amino acid into a p ...	2007	17322890
the two active sites in human branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase operate independently without an obligatory alternating-site mechanism.	a long standing controversy is whether an alternating activesite mechanism occurs during catalysis in thiamine diphosphate (thdp)-dependent enzymes. we address this question by investigating the thdp-dependent decarboxylase/dehydrogenase (e1b) component of the mitochondrial branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex (bckdc). our crystal structure reveals that conformations of the two active sites in the human e1b heterotetramer harboring the reaction intermediate are identical. acidic ...	2007	17329260
probing the essential catalytic residues and substrate affinity in the thermoactive bacillus stearothermophilus us100 l-arabinose isomerase by site-directed mutagenesis.	the l-arabinose isomerase (l-ai) from bacillus stearothermophilus us100 is characterized by its high thermoactivity and catalytic efficiency. furthermore, as opposed to the majority of l-arabinose isomerases, this enzyme requires metallic ions for its thermostability rather than for its activity. these features make us100 l-ai attractive as a template for industrial use. based on previously solved crystal structures and sequence alignments, we identified amino acids that are putatively important ...	2007	17337581
domain swapping reveals that the c- and n-terminal domains of dnag and dnab, respectively, are functional homologues.	the bacterial primase (dnag)-helicase (dnab) interaction is mediated by the c-terminal domain of dnag (p16) and a linker that joins the n- and c-terminal domains (p17 and p33 respectively) of dnab. the crystal and nuclear magnetic resonance structures of p16 from escherichia coli and bacillus stearothermophilus dnag proteins revealed a unique structural homology with p17, despite the lack of amino acid sequence similarity. the functional significance of this is not clear. here, we have employed ...	2007	17367384
sequencing of o-glycopeptides derived from an s-layer glycoprotein of geobacillus stearothermophilus nrs 2004/3a containing up to 51 monosaccharide residues at a single glycosylation site by fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance infrared multiphoton dissociation mass spectrometry.	the microheterogeneity of large sugar chains in glycopeptides from s-layer glycoproteins containing up to 51 monosaccharide residues at a single o-attachment site on a 12 amino acid peptide backbone was investigated by fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (fticr ms). structural elucidation of glycopeptides with the same amino acid sequence and different glycoforms, having such a high saccharide-to-peptide ratio, was achieved by applying infrared multiphoton dissociation (i ...	2007	17378537
evaluation of steam sterilization processes: comparing calculations using temperature data and biointegrator reduction data and calculation of theoretical temperature difference.	when calculating of the physical f121.1 degrees c-value by the equation f121.1 degrees c = t x 10(t-121.1/z the temperature (t), in combination with the z-value, influences the f121.1 degrees c-value exponentially. because the z-value for spores of geobacillus stearothermophilus often varies between 6 and 9, the biological f-value (f(bio) will not always correspond to the f0-value based on temperature records from the sterilization process calculated with a z-value of 10, even if the calibration ...	2007	17390699
antimicrobial activity of the methanolic extracts and compounds from vismia laurentii de wild (guttiferae).	methanolic extracts prepared from the leaves, twigs and the roots of vismia laurentii de wild as well as nine compounds isolated from these crude extracts, were tested for their antimicrobial activity against gram-positive bacteria (six species), gram-negative bacteria (12 species) and two candida species using disc diffusion and well micro-dilution methods. the disc diffusion assay indicated that the crude extract was active against all the pathogens tested, whereas isolated compounds showed se ...	2007	16971076
engineering a de novo internal disulfide bridge to improve the thermal stability of xylanase from bacillus stearothermophilus no. 236.	improvement of thermal stability of the bacillus stearthermophilus no. 236 endo-beta-1,4-xylanase (xyna) was tried by engineering a de novo designed disulfide bridge. disulfide design was performed firstly using the disulfide bond design program (disulfide by designtrade mark) to identify residue pairs having the favorable geometric characteristics for disulfide formation. subsequently, the selected 25 amino acid pairs were filtered with the evolutionarily conserved cys residues identified by al ...	2007	16919348
antibacterial activities of the extracts and conessine from holarrhena floribunda g. don. (apocynaceae).	the methanolic extract and conessine isolated from the stem bark of holarrhena floribunda (hf) were tested for their antibacterial activities on bacillus: bacillus cereus, bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium and bacillus stearothermophilus using the disc diffusion method. phytochemical analysis of the crude extract and fractions was also conducted. the inhibition parameters of the crude methanol extract and the total alkaloid fraction were determined using the macrodilution method. the result ...	2007	20161899
how directional translocation is regulated in a dna helicase motor.	pcra helicase from bacillus stearothermophilus is one of the smallest motor proteins structurally known in full atomic detail. it translocates progressively from the 3' end to the 5' end of single-stranded dna utilizing the free energy from atp hydrolysis. the similarities in structure and reaction pathway between pcra helicase and f1-atpase suggest a similar mechanochemical mechanism at work in both systems. previous studies of pcra translocation demonstrated a domain stepping mechanism in whic ...	2007	17704159
inactivation of microorganisms and endotoxins by low temperature nitrogen gas plasma exposure.	the plasma of several different gases has shown a sporicidal activity. from these gases, nitrogen gas was most difficult to produce atomic nitrogen radicals. however, these radicals have a high energy, indicating that nitrogen gas plasma could be used to sterilize microorganisms and inactivate endotoxins. the sterilization mechanism of nitrogen gas plasma is the synergistic effect of a high rising-up voltage pulse, uv irradiation and atomic nitrogen radicals. thus, the target cells were damaged ...	2007	18198719
suitability of different construction materials for use in aseptic processing environments decontaminated with gaseous hydrogen peroxide.	the purpose of this study is to examine the behavior of different materials towards the microbial inactivation kinetic of gaseous hydrogen peroxide. samples of 49 materials potentially used in aseptic processing environments were inoculated with 106 spores of geobacillus stearothermophilus atcc #12980 and exposed to defined periods using a reproducible hydrogen peroxide bio-decontamination cycle. the inactivation characteristic of each material was investigated by means of repeated d-value calcu ...	2007	17933208
cysteine metabolism-related genes and bacterial resistance to potassium tellurite.	tellurite exerts a deleterious effect on a number of small molecules containing sulfur moieties that have a recognized role in cellular oxidative stress. because cysteine is involved in the biosynthesis of glutathione and other sulfur-containing compounds, we investigated the expression of geobacillus stearothermophilus v cysteine-related genes coba, cysk, and iscs and escherichia coli cysteine regulon genes under conditions that included the addition of k2teo3 to the culture medium. results sho ...	2007	17951385
glycosynthase activity of geobacillus stearothermophilus gh52 beta-xylosidase: efficient synthesis of xylooligosaccharides from alpha-d-xylopyranosyl fluoride through a conjugated reaction.	glycosynthases are mutant glycosidases in which the acidic nucleophile is replaced by a small inert residue. in the presence of glycosyl fluorides of the opposite anomeric configuration (to that of their natural substrates), these enzymes can catalyze glycosidic bond formation with various acceptors. in this study we demonstrate that xynb2e335g, a nucleophile-deficient mutant of a glycoside hydrolase family 52 beta-xylosidase from g. stearothermophilus, can function as an efficient glycosynthase ...	2007	17955483
a novel approach to specific allergy treatment: the recombinant allergen-s-layer fusion protein rsbsc-bet v 1 matures dendritic cells that prime th0/th1 and il-10-producing regulatory t cells.	an ideal vaccine for allergen-specific immunotherapy of type i allergies should display reduced mediator-releasing capacity, induce maturation of apc, and modify the disease-eliciting th2-dominated allergen-specific response to a more physiological response. we have previously shown that rsbsc-bet v 1, the recombinant fusion protein of a bacterial surface (s-layer) protein of geobacillus stearothermophilus atcc 12980 and the major birch pollen allergen bet v 1, exhibited reduced allergenicity an ...	2007	18025169
attempting to remove the substrate inhibition of l-lactate dehydrogenase from bacillus stearothermophilus by site-directed mutagenesis.	l-lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) catalyzes the interconversion of an oxoacid (pyruvate) and hydroxy-acid (lactate) using the nadh/nad+ pair as a redox cofactor. the enzyme has a commercial significance, as it can be used to produce chiral building blocks for the synthesis of key pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. however, the substrate inhibition which is due to an abortive nad+-pyruvate complex reducing the steady state concentration of functional ldh limits its use in industry. this substrate inh ...	2007	18025556
cloning, sequence analysis and three-dimensional structure prediction of dna pol i from thermophilic geobacillus sp. mkk isolated from an iranian hot spring.	molecular phylogenetic analysis of a novel thermophilic eubacterium isolated from an iranian hot spring using 16s rdna sequence showed that the new isolate belongs to genera geobacillus. dna pol i gene from this isolate was amplified, cloned, sequenced, and the three-dimensional (3d) structure of deduced amino acid sequence was predicted. sequence analysis revealed the gene is 2,631 bp long, encodes a protein of 876 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 99 kda, and belongs to family a ...	2007	18025581
menaquinone reduction by an hmt2-like sulfide dehydrogenase from bacillus stearothermophilus.	the gene-encoding hmt2-like sulfide dehydrogenase from bacillus stearothermophilus jcm2501 was amplified and expressed in escherichia coli and the enzymatic features were examined. the enzyme was detected mainly in the membrane fraction. it catalyzed the sulfide-dependent menaquinone (mk) reduction showing special enzymatic features distinct from other sulfide-quinone oxidoreductases (sqrs) from autotrophic bacteria. the purified protein from e. coli brought about the sulfide-dependent 2,3-dimet ...	2007	18026230
protein engineering applications of industrially exploitable enzymes: geobacillus stearothermophilus ldh and candida methylica fdh.	enzymes have become important tools in several industries due to their ability to produce chirally pure and complex molecules with interesting biological properties. the nad(+)-dependent ldh (lactate dehydrogenase) [bsldh [geobacillus stearothermophilus (formerly bacillus stearothermophilus) ldh] from g. stearothermophilus and the nad(+)-dependent fdh (formate dehydrogenase) [cmfdh (candida methylica fdh)] enzyme from c. methylica are particularly crucial enzymes in the pharmaceutical industry a ...	2007	18031276
identification of the genus geobacillus using genus-specific primers, based on the 16s-23s rrna gene internal transcribed spacer.	the aim of this study was to develop an easy and accurate technique for the identification of the genus geobacillus. for this purpose, geobacillus genus-specific primers geobac (geobac-f and geobac-r) based on the 16s-23s rrna gene internal transcribed spacer (its) region sequences have been designed. in total, 52 sequences from three species of the genus geobacillus (geobacillus stearothermophilus, geobacillus kaustophilus and geobacillus lituanicus) were examined for the design of these primer ...	2007	18031336
characterization of an l-arabinose isomerase from the lactobacillus plantarum nc8 strain showing pronounced stability at acidic ph.	gene araa encoding the l-arabinose isomerase (l-ai) from lactobacillus plantarum nc8 was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. it encodes a polypeptide of 474 residues having 55% identities with l-ais from bacillus stearothermophilus us100 and thermus sp. im6501. the active form of the purified recombinant l-ai nc8 enzyme is a hexamer composed of six identical 55-kda subunits. the purified enzyme was optimally active at 60 degrees c and ph 7.5. it required divalent cations such as co(2+) and ...	2007	18031349
decontamination effects of low-temperature plasma generated by corona discharge. part ii: new insights.	the second part of our paper presents the results of experiments with the decontamination of surfaces by low-temperature plasma generated by corona discharge in air at atmospheric pressure. a simple device is described and the effects of the corona discharge on model microorganisms, viz. the yeast candida albicans, gram-negative bacteria escherichia coli, enterobacter aerogenes, neisseria sicca, stenotrophomonas maltophilia, gram-positive bacteria deinococcus radiodurans, enterococcus faecium, s ...	2007	18225640
production of different antibodies after simultaneous immunization of animals with two antigens.	we propose a method of simultaneous immunization with two different antigens for isolation of two types of antibodies from the same antiserum. bacterial proteins (bacillus stearothermophilus glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and escherichia coli groel chaperonin) served as the antigens. affinity purification of antibodies was carried out using two columns: with covalently immobilized glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase or groel chaperonin. during stage i, the antiserum was applied on ...	2007	18239824
specific interactions of the l10(l12)4 ribosomal protein complex with mrna, rrna, and l11.	large ribosomal subunit proteins l10 and l12 form a pentameric protein complex, l10(l12) 4, that is intimately involved in the ribosome elongation cycle. its contacts with rrna or other ribosomal proteins have been only partially resolved by crystallography. in escherichia coli, l10 and l12 are encoded from a single operon for which l10(l12) 4 is a translational repressor that recognizes a secondary structure in the mrna leader. in this study, l10(l12) 4 was expressed from the moderate thermophi ...	2008	18247578
the surface location of individual residues in a bacterial s-layer protein.	bacterial surface layer (s-layer) proteins self-assemble into large two-dimensional crystalline lattices that form the outermost cell-wall component of all archaea and many eubacteria. despite being a large class of self-assembling proteins, little is known about their molecular architecture. we investigated the s-layer protein sbsb from geobacillus stearothermophilus pv72/p2 to identify residues located at the subunit-subunit interface and to determine the s-layer's topology. twenty-three singl ...	2008	18262545
antimicrobial activity of the crude extracts and five flavonoids from the twigs of dorstenia barteri (moraceae).	the aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the crude extract of the twigs of dorstenia barteri (dbt) as well as that of four of the five flavonoids isolated from this extract. gram-positive bacteria (six species), gram-negative bacteria (12 species) and fungi (four species) were used. the agar disc diffusion test was used to determine the sensitivity of the tested samples while the well micro-dilution was used to determine the minimal inhibition concentrations (mic) and ...	2008	18280679
structure prediction of an s-layer protein by the mean force method.	s-layer proteins have a wide range of application potential due to their characteristic features concerning self-assembling, assembling on various surfaces, and forming of isoporous structures with functional groups located on the surface in an identical position and orientation. although considerable knowledge has been experimentally accumulated on the structure, biochemistry, assemble characteristics, and genetics of s-layer proteins, no structural model at atomic resolution has been available ...	2008	18282077
significance of the conserved tyr352 and asp380 residues in the catalytic activity of bacillus stearothermophilus aminopeptidase ii as evaluated by site-directed mutagenesis.	the importance of the conserved tyr352 and asp380 residues of bacillus stearothermophilus aminopeptidase ii (ap-ii) was investigated by site-directed mutagenesis. the wild-type and mutant enzymes were expressed in recombinant escherichia coli m15 cells and the 45-kd proteins were purified from the cell-free extracts by ni(2+)-nta resin. the specific activity for tyr352 and asp380 replacements was decreased by more than 3.5-fold. detailed analysis of the kinetic consequences in the mutant protein ...	2008	18286359
wet and dry density of bacillus anthracis and other bacillus species.	to determine the wet and dry density of spores of bacillus anthracis and compare these values with the densities of other bacillus species grown and sporulated under similar conditions.	2008	18298528
complete nucleotide sequence of pgs18, a 62.8-kb plasmid from geobacillus stearothermophilus strain 18.	the complete nucleotide sequence (62.8 kb) of pgs18, the largest sequenced plasmid to date from the species geobacillus stearothermophilus, was determined. computational analysis of sequence data revealed 65 putative open reading frames (orfs); 38 were carried on one strand and 27 were carried on the other. these orfs comprised 84.1% of the pgs18 sequence. twenty-five orfs (38.4%) were assigned to putative functions; four orfs (6.2%) were annotated as pseudogenes. the amino acid sequences obtain ...	2008	18305896
protein enrichment of corn cob heteroxylan waste slurry by thermophilic aerobic digestion using bacillus stearothermophilus.	thermophilic aerobic digestion (tad) of heteroxylan waste was implemented at waste load of 30gl(-1) with mineral nitrogen supplementation to study effect of the process on waste degradation, protein accretion and quality. digestions were carried out at 45 50, 55, 60 and 65 degrees c using bacillusstearothermophilus in a cstr under batch conditions at 1.0vvm aeration rate, ph 7.0 for a maximum of 120h. amylase and xylanase activities appeared rapidly in the digest, while basal protease activity a ...	2008	18313292
structural bases for the specific interactions between the e2 and e3 components of the thermus thermophilus 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase complexes.	pyruvate dehydrogenase (pdh), branched-chain 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase (bcdh) and 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (ogdh) are multienzyme complexes that play crucial roles in several common metabolic pathways. these enzymes belong to a family of 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase complexes that contain multiple copies of three different components (e1, e2 and e3). for the thermus thermophilus enzymes, depending on its substrate specificity (pyruvate, branched-chain 2-oxo acid or 2-oxoglutarate), each complex h ...	2008	18316329
anionic charge is prioritized over geometry in aluminum and magnesium fluoride transition state analogs of phosphoryl transfer enzymes.	phosphoryl transfer reactions are ubiquitous in biology and metal fluoride complexes have played a central role in structural approaches to understanding how they are catalyzed. in particular, numerous structures of alfx-containing complexes have been reported to be transition state analogs (tsas). a survey of nucleotide kinases has proposed a correlation between the ph of the crystallization solution and the number of coordinated fluorides in the resulting aluminum fluoride tsa complexes formed ...	2008	18318536
activation of d-tyrosine by bacillus stearothermophilus tyrosyl-trna synthetase: 2. cooperative binding of atp is limited to the initial turnover of the enzyme.	the activation of d-tyrosine by tyrosyl-trna synthetase has been investigated using single and multiple turnover kinetic methods. in the presence of saturating concentrations of d-tyrosine, the activation reaction displays sigmoidal kinetics with respect to atp concentration under single turnover conditions. in contrast, when the kinetics for the activation reaction are monitored using a steady-state (multiple turnover) pyrophosphate exchange assay, michaelis-menten kinetics are observed. previo ...	2008	18319246
activation of d-tyrosine by bacillus stearothermophilus tyrosyl-trna synthetase: 1. pre-steady-state kinetic analysis reveals the mechanistic basis for the recognition of d-tyrosine.	tyrosyl-trna synthetase (tyrrs) is able to catalyze the transfer of both l- and d-tyrosine to the 3' end of trna(tyr). activation of either stereoisomer by atp results in formation of an enzyme-bound tyrosyl-adenylate intermediate and is accompanied by a blue shift in the intrinsic fluorescence of the protein. single turnover kinetics for the aminoacylation of trna(tyr) by d-tyrosine were monitored using stopped-flow fluorescence spectroscopy. bacillus stearothermophilus tyrosyl-trna synthetase ...	2008	18319247
prediction of the binding modes between bb-83698 and peptide deformylase from bacillus stearothermophilus by docking and molecular dynamics simulation.	bb-83698 is a first potent inhibitor of peptide deformylase in this novel class to enter clinical trials. in this study, automated docking, molecular dynamics simulation and binding free energy calculations with the linear interaction energy (lie) method are first applied to investigate the binding of bb-83698 to the peptide deformylase from bacillus stearothermophilus. the lowest docking energy structure from each cluster is selected as different representative binding modes. compared with the ...	2008	18321635
crystal structure and functional analysis of an archaeal chromatin protein alba from the hyperthermophilic archaeon pyrococcus horikoshii ot3.	the crystal structure of the alba protein (phoalba) from a hyperthermophilic archaeon, pyrococcus horikoshii ot3, was determined at a resolution of 2.8 a. phoalba structurally belongs to the alpha/beta proteins and is similar not only to archaeal homologues but also to rna-binding proteins, including the c-terminal half of initiation factor 3 (if3-c) from bacillus stearothermophilus, an esherichia coli protein implicated in cell division (yhhp), and an arabidopsis protein of unknown function. we ...	2008	18323660
specific ethanol production rate in ethanologenic escherichia coli strain ko11 is limited by pyruvate decarboxylase.	modification of ethanol productivity and yield, using mineral medium supplemented with glucose or xylose as carbon sources, was studied in ethanologenic escherichia coli ko11 by increasing the activity of five key carbon metabolism enzymes. ko11 efficiently converted glucose or xylose to ethanol with a yield close to 100% of the theoretical maximum when growing in rich medium. however, when ko11 ferments glucose or xylose in mineral medium, the ethanol yields decreased to only 70 and 60%, respec ...	2008	18349551
alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity of syzygium cumini (linn.) skeels seed kernel in vitro and in goto-kakizaki (gk) rats.	syzygium cumini seed kernel extracts were evaluated for the inhibition of alpha-glucosidase from mammalian (rat intestine), bacterial (bacillus stearothermophilus), and yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae, baker's yeast). in vitro studies using the mammalian alpha-glucosidase from rat intestine showed the extracts to be more effective in inhibiting maltase when compared to the acarbose control. since acarbose is inactive against both the bacterial and the yeast enzymes, the extracts were compared to ...	2008	18374320
display of a peptide mimotope on a crystalline bacterial cell surface layer (s-layer) lattice for diagnosis of epstein-barr virus infection.	fusion proteins based on the crystalline bacterial cell surface layer (s-layer) proteins sbpa from bacillus sphaericus ccm 2177 and sbsb from geobacillus stearothermophilus pv72/p2 and a peptide mimotope f1 that mimics an immunodominant epitope of epstein-barr virus (ebv) were designed and overexpressed in escherichia coli. constructs were designed such that the peptide mimotope was presented either at the c-terminus (sbpa/f1) or at the n-terminus (sbsb/f1) of the respective s-layer proteins. th ...	2008	18376854
cloning, expression, and transglycosylation reaction of paenibacillus sp. strain w-61 xylanase 1.	a xylanase gene, xyn1, which encodes paenibacillus sp. strain w-61 xylanase 1 (xyn1), was cloned in escherichia coli. xyn1 encodes 211 amino acid residues, including 28 amino acid residues of a signal peptide. the deduced amino acid sequence of the mature xyn1 showed 95.7%, 84.0%, and 83.7% identity to family 11 xylanases of aeromonas caviae me-1, paenibacillus sp., and bacillus stearothermophilus respectively. the physico-chemical properties of recombinant xyn1 were very similar to those of int ...	2008	18391461
a large collapsed-state rna can exhibit simple exponential single-molecule dynamics.	the process of large rna folding is believed to proceed from many collapsed structures to a unique functional structure requiring precise organization of nucleotides. the diversity of possible structures and stabilities of large rnas could result in non-exponential folding kinetics (e.g. stretched exponential) under conditions where the molecules have not achieved their native state. we describe a single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (fret) study of the collapsed-state region o ...	2008	18402978
lesion processing: high-fidelity versus lesion-bypass dna polymerases.	when a high-fidelity dna polymerase encounters certain dna-damage sites, its progress can be stalled and one or more lesion-bypass polymerases are recruited to transit the lesion. here, we consider two representative types of lesions: (i) 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxog), a small, highly prevalent lesion caused by oxidative damage; and (ii) bulky lesions derived from the environmental pre-carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene, in the high-fidelity dna polymerase bacillus fragment (bf) from bacillus stearot ...	2008	18407502
structural characterization of the acid-degraded secondary cell wall polymer of geobacillus stearothermophilus pv72/p2.	the secondary cell wall polymer (scwp) from geobacillus stearothermophilus pv72/p2, which is involved in the anchoring of the surface-layer protein to the bacterial cell wall layer, is composed of 2-amino-2-deoxy- and 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucose, 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-mannose, and 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-mannuronic acid. the primary structure of the acid-degraded polysaccharide--liberated by hf-treatment from the cell wall--was determined by high-field nmr spectroscopy and mass spectrometry usin ...	2008	18420185
production, purification, and characterization of a potential thermostable galactosidase for milk lactose hydrolysis from bacillus stearothermophilus.	beta-galactosidase, commonly named lactase, is one of the most important enzymes used in dairy processing; it catalyzes the hydrolysis of lactose to its constituent monosaccharides glucose and galactose. here, a thermostable beta-galactosidase gene bgab from bacillus stearothermophilus was cloned and expressed in b. subtilis wb600. the recombinant enzyme was purified by a combination of heat treatment, ammonium sulfate fractionation, ion exchange, and gel filtration chromatography techniques. th ...	2008	18420605
heterologous expression of the alcohol dehydrogenase (adhi) gene from geobacillus thermoglucosidasius strain m10exg.	a thermostable alcohol dehydrogenase (adh-i) isolated from the potential thermophilic ethanologen geobacillus thermoglucosidasius strain m10exg has been characterised. inverse pcr showed that the gene (adhi) was localised with 3-hexulose-6-phosphate synthase (hps) and 6-phospho-3 hexuloisomerase (phi) on its genome. the deduced peptide sequence of the 1020-bp m10exg adhi, which corresponds to 340 amino acids, shows 96% and 89% similarity to adh-ht and adh-t from geobacillus stearothermophilus st ...	2008	18436321
the cold-active lip1 lipase from the antarctic bacterium pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis tac125 is a member of a new bacterial lipolytic enzyme family.	the genome of the antarctic bacterium pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis tac125 was searched for the presence of genes encoding ester-hydrolysing enzymes. amongst the others, the gene pshaa0051 coding for a putative secreted esterase/lipase was selected. the psychrophilic gene was cloned, functionally over-expressed in p. haloplanktis tac125, and the recombinant product (after named phtac125 lip1) was purified. phtac125 lip1 was found to be associated to the outer membrane and exhibited higher enzym ...	2008	18437283
[study on excess sludge solubilization in s-te process under microaeration].	the effect of s-te (solubilization by thermophilic enzyme) pretreatment on excess sludge solubilization and changes of chemical components under microaeration and different temperatures was investigated. the results showed that, two reaction mechanisms of enzyme-catalyzed reaction and thermal-hydrolyzed reaction were involved in the s-te process, which began with depolymerization of sludge flocs by exoenzymes including proteases and amylases, followed by cell-walls and organic matters disintegra ...	2008	18441931
single-molecule nonequilibrium periodic mg2+-concentration jump experiments reveal details of the early folding pathways of a large rna.	the evolution of rna conformation with mg(2+) concentration ([mg(2+)]) is typically determined from equilibrium titration measurements or nonequilibrium single [mg(2+)]-jump measurements. we study the folding of single rna molecules in response to a series of periodic [mg(2+)] jumps. the 260-residue catalytic domain of rnase p rna from bacillus stearothermophilus is immobilized in a microfluidic flow chamber, and the rna conformational changes are probed by fluorescence resonance energy transfer ...	2008	18448679
coproduction of thermostable amylase and beta-galactosidase enzymes by geobacillus stearothermophilus sab-40: aplication of plackett-burman design to evaluate culture requirements affecting enzyme production.	a locally isolated thermophile, geobacillus sp. sab-40, producing thermostable extracellular amylase constitutively and an induced intracellular beta-galactosidase was characterized and identified based on 16s rrna sequencing. a phylogenetic analysis then revealed its closeness to geobacillus stearothermophilus. to evaluate the effect of the culture conditions on the coproduction of both enzymes by g. stearothermophilus sab-40, a plackett-burman fractional factorial design was applied to determi ...	2008	18467863
trapping of the thioacylglyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase intermediate from bacillus stearothermophilus. direct evidence for a flip-flop mechanism.	the crystal structure of the thioacylenzyme intermediate of the phosphorylating glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh) from bacillus stearothermophilus has been solved at 1.8a resolution. formation of the intermediate was obtained by diffusion of the natural substrate within the crystal of the holoenzyme in the absence of inorganic phosphate. to define the soaking conditions suitable for the isolation and accumulation of the intermediate, a microspectrophotometric characterization of t ...	2008	18480053
using high-temperature formaldehyde sterilization as a model for studying gaseous sterilization.	this study uses the high-temperature formaldehyde sterilization system provided by the harvey chemiclave, manufactured by barnstead thermolyne corporation (dubuque, ia), as a model to investigate certain phenomena associated with gaseous chemical sterilization systems. although formaldehyde sterilization presents some unique and complex system attributes, the current studies provide helpful insights into general sterilization methods by chemicals in the gaseous state. both population recovery an ...	2008	18510419
crystal structure of pyruvate kinase from geobacillus stearothermophilus.	the pyruvate kinase (pk) from a moderate thermophile, geobacillus stearothermophilus, is an allosteric enzyme activated by amp and ribose 5-phosphate but not fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate (fbp), which is a common activator of pks. it has an extra c-terminal sequence (ects), which contains a highly conserved phosphoenolpyruvate (pep) binding motif, but its function and structure remain unclear. to elucidate the structural characteristics of the effector-binding site and the ects, the crystal structu ...	2008	18511452
molecular basis of s-layer glycoprotein glycan biosynthesis in geobacillus stearothermophilus.	the gram-positive bacterium geobacillus stearothermophilus nrs 2004/3a possesses a cell wall containing an oblique surface layer (s-layer) composed of glycoprotein subunits. o-glycans with the structure [-->2)-alpha-l-rhap-(1-->3)-beta-l-rhap-(1-->2)-alpha-l-rhap-(1-->](n) (= 13-18), a2-o-methyl group capping the terminal repeating unit at the nonreducing end and a -->2)-alpha-l-rhap-[(1-->3)-alpha-l-rhap](n) (= 1-2)(1-->3)- adaptor are linked via a beta-d-galp residue to distinct sites of the s ...	2008	18515358
the microbial-kill characteristics of saturated steam plus 1,000 to 10,000 ppm hydrogen peroxide at atmospheric pressure.	this is the report of a project carried out to determine the microbial-kill characteristics of saturated steam plus hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) using a specially-constructed test apparatus. spores on stainless-steel planchets were inserted into a flowing gaseous atmosphere of steam plus h2o2 for a timed exposure to the lethal agent. the specially-designed test apparatus and its operating parameters are described. geobacillus stearothermophilus (former name, bacillus stearothermophilus) spore-death ...	2008	18540535
effect of oxidatively damaged dna on the active site preorganization during nucleotide incorporation in a high fidelity polymerase from bacillus stearothermophilus.	we study the effect of the oxidative lesion 8-oxoguanine (8oxog) on the preorganization of the active site for dna replication in the closed (active) state of the bacillus fragment (bf), a klenow analog from bacillus stearothermophilus. our molecular dynamics and free energy simulations of explicitly solvated model ternary complexes of bf bound to correct dctp/incorrect datp opposite guanine (g) and 8oxog bases in dna suggest that the lesion introduces structural and energetic changes at the cat ...	2008	18058909
enzymatic synthesis and properties of highly branched rice starch amylose and amylopectin cluster.	we enzymatically modified rice starch to produce highly branched amylopectin and amylose and analyzed the resulting structural changes. to prepare the highly branched amylopectin cluster (hbapc), we first treated waxy rice starch with thermus scotoductus alpha-glucanotransferase (tsalphagt), followed by treatment with bacillus stearothermophilus maltogenic amylase (bsma). highly branched amylose (hba) was prepared by incubating amylose with bacillus subtilis 168 branching enzyme (bbe) and subseq ...	2008	18072737
characterization of three putative lon proteases of thermus thermophilus hb27 and use of their defective mutants as hosts for production of heterologous proteins.	in the genome of a thermophilic bacterium, thermus thermophilus hb27, three genes, ttc0418, ttc0746 and ttc1975, were annotated as atp-dependent protease la (lon). sequence comparisons indicated that ttc0418 and ttc0746 showed significant similarities to bacterial lona-type proteases, such as escherichia coli lon protease, especially in regions corresponding to domains for atp-binding and hydrolysis, and for proteolysis, but ttc1975 exhibited a similarity only at the c-terminal proteolytic domai ...	2008	18157502
crystal structure of bacillus stearothermophilus uvra provides insight into atp-modulated dimerization, uvrb interaction, and dna binding.	the nucleotide excision repair pathway corrects many structurally unrelated dna lesions. damage recognition in bacteria is performed by uvra, a member of the abc atpase superfamily whose functional form is a dimer with four nucleotide-binding domains (nbds), two per protomer. in the 3.2 a structure of uvra from bacillus stearothermophilus, we observe that the nucleotide-binding sites are formed in an intramolecular fashion and are not at the dimer interface as is typically found in other abc atp ...	2008	18158267
impact of an oil-based lubricant on the effectiveness of the sterilization processes .	surgical instruments, including hinged instruments, were inoculated with test microorganisms (ie, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, approximately 2 x 10(6) colony-forming units [cfu]; pseudomonas aeruginosa, approximately 3 x 10(6) cfu; escherichia coli, approximately 2 x 10(5) cfu; vancomycin-resistant enterococci, 1 x 10(5) cfu; geobacillus stearothermophilus spores, 2 x 10(5) cfu or more; or bacillus atrophaeus spores, 9 x 10(4) cfu or more), coated with an oil-based lubricant (hyd ...	2008	18171191
mg2+-free bacillus stearothermophilus tryptophanyl-trna synthetase retains a major fraction of the overall rate enhancement for tryptophan activation.	few experimental data are available for rates of enzymatic phosphoryl-transfer reactions in the absence of the divalent metal ions associated with such reactions. such data are of interest for amino acid activation by class ic aminoacyl-trna synthetases, for which there is substantial evidence that binding energy of atp may account for a major fraction of the overall rate enhancement, and it is crucial to know if these effects themselves depend on the divalent metal ion. we describe a nested, no ...	2008	18173270
expression, purification, and characterization of a thermophilic neutral protease from bacillus stearothermophilus in bacillus subtilis.	the gene coding for a thermophilic neutral protease from bacillus stearothermophilus was expressed in bacillus subtilis db104, under the control of the sacb gene promoter. this was followed by either the native signal peptide sequence of this protease or the signal peptide sequence of the sacb gene. the protease was purified 3.8-fold, with a specific activity of 16530 u mg(-1). as analyzed by sds-page, the molecular mass of the expressed protease was about 35 kda, and the optimal temperature and ...	2008	18176791
comparative study of catalase-peroxidases (katgs).	catalase-peroxidases or katgs from seven different organisms, including archaeoglobus fulgidus,bacillus stearothermophilus, burkholderia pseudomallei, escherichia coli, mycobacterium tuberculosis, rhodobacter capsulatus and synechocystis pcc 6803, have been characterized to provide a comparative picture of their respective properties. collectively, the enzymes exhibit similar turnover rates with the catalase and peroxidase reactions varying between 4900 and 15,900s(-1) and 8-25s(-1), respectivel ...	2008	18178143
heterologous expression, secretion and characterization of the geobacillus thermoleovorans us105 type i pullulanase.	pullulanase type i of geobacillus thermoleovorans us105 strain (pul us105) was produced and secreted efficiently in the e. coli periplasmic or extracellular fraction using two different signal peptides. hence, the open reading frame was connected downstream of the lipase a signal peptide of bacillus subtilis strain leading to an efficient secretion of an active form enzyme on the periplasmic fraction. in addition, pul us105 was fused to the alpha-amylase signal sequence of the bacillus stearothe ...	2008	18183386
insights into activation and rna binding of trp rna-binding attenuation protein (trap) through all-atom simulations.	tryptophan biosynthesis in bacillus stearothermophilus is regulated by a trp rna binding attenuation protein (trap). it is a ring-shaped 11-mer of identical 74 residue subunits. tryptophan binding pockets are located between adjacent subunits, and tryptophan binding activates trap to bind rna. here, we report results from all-atom molecular dynamics simulations of the system, complementing existing extensive experimental studies. we focus on two questions. first, we look at the activation mechan ...	2008	18186477
effects of superheated steam on geobacillus stearothermophilus spore viability.	to examine the effect of processing with superheated steam (ss) on geobacillus stearothermophilus atcc 10149 spores.	2008	18028361
crystal structures and mutational analysis of the arginine-, lysine-, histidine-binding protein artj from geobacillus stearothermophilus. implications for interactions of artj with its cognate atp-binding cassette transporter, art(mp)2.	artj is the substrate-binding component (receptor) of the atp-binding cassette (abc) transport system artj-(mp)(2) from the thermophilic bacterium geobacillus stearothermophilus that is specific for arginine, lysine, and histidine. the highest affinity is found for arginine (k(d)=0.039(+/-0.014) microm), while the affinities for lysine and histidine are about tenfold lower. we have determined the x-ray structures of artj liganded with each of these substrates at resolutions of 1.79 a (arginine), ...	2008	18022195
binding of pyruvate dehydrogenase to the core of the human pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.	in human (h) pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (pdc) the pyruvate dehydrogenase (e1) is bound to the e1-binding domain of dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase (e2). the c-terminal surface of the e1beta subunit was scanned for the negatively charged residues involved in binding with e2. betad289 of he1 interacts with k276 of he2 in a manner similar to the corresponding interaction in bacillus stearothermophilus pdc. in contrast to bacterial e1beta, the c-terminal residue of the he1beta does not partic ...	2008	18206651
detection and identification of beta-lactam residues in milk using a hybrid biosensor.	a novel application of a hybrid biosensor is here employed as an analytical method for the detection and presumptive identification of beta-lactam residues in milk. the method is based on measurements of carbon dioxide (co2), the production of which is related to the microbial growth of the test microorganism bacillus stearothermophilus var. calidolactis. the presence of beta-lactams in milk inhibits microbial growth and, consequently, the co2 production rate. the analysis is based on the variat ...	2008	18211013
alpha-glucosidase inhibitors from the seeds of syagrus romanzoffiana.	bioassay-guided fractionation against alpha-glucosidase resulted in isolation and characterization of eight active compounds from the etoh extract of the seeds of syagrus romanzoffiana. of these, seven are stilbenoids, and two of them, 13-hydroxykompasinol a (1) and scirpusin c (4), possess potent inhibitory activity against alpha-glucosidase type iv from bacillus stearothermophilus with the ic50 value of 6.5 and 4.9 microm, respectively. the in vivo assay on normal wistar rats using oral sucros ...	2008	18221760
enhancing helicase-dependent amplification by fusing the helicase with the dna polymerase.	in this study, we have engineered a new bifunctional protein named "helimerase", by physically linking thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis uvrd helicase (tteuvrd) and bacillus stearothermophilus dna polymerase i large fragment (bstpol) using a coiled-coil. tteuvrd is fused with one part of the coiled-coil, winzip-a2 (wza2), through a linker l1 and possesses a maltose binding protein (mbp) tag at the n terminal end. bstpol is fused with the other part of the coiled-coil, winzip-b1 (wzb1), through th ...	2008	18556147
a universal screening assay for glycosynthases: directed evolution of glycosynthase xynb2(e335g) suggests a general path to enhance activity.	glycosynthases are catalytic mutants of mainly retaining glycoside hydrolases that catalyze the synthesis of oligosaccharides from their corresponding glycosyl-fluoride donors and suitable acceptors. here we describe the development of a general, high-throughput screening procedure for glycosynthase activity, which is based on the release of hydrofluoric acid, a by-product of all glycosynthase reactions. this assay is sensitive, does not require the synthesis of special chromophoric or modified ...	2008	18559265
crystal structure and putative function of small toprim domain-containing protein from bacillus stearothermophilus.	the crystal structure of the midwest center for structural genomics target apc35832, a 14.7-kda cytosolic protein from bacillus stearothermophilus, has been determined at 1.3 a resolution by the single anomalous diffraction method from a mercury soaked crystal. the apc35832 protein is a representative of large group of bacterial and archeal proteins entirely consisting of the toprim (topoisomerase-primase) domain. this domain is found in the catalytic centers of many enzymes catalyzing phosphodi ...	2008	17705269
the structure of the complex between a branched pentasaccharide and thermobacillus xylanilyticus gh-51 arabinofuranosidase reveals xylan-binding determinants and induced fit.	the crystal structure of the family gh-51 alpha- l-arabinofuranosidase from thermobacillus xylanilyticus has been solved as a seleno-methionyl derivative. in addition, the structure of an inactive mutant glu176gln is presented in complex with a branched pentasaccharide, a fragment of its natural substrate xylan. the overall structure shows the two characteristic gh-51 domains: a catalytic domain that is folded into a (beta/alpha) 8-barrel and a c-terminal domain that displays jelly roll architec ...	2008	18563919
heat inactivation of beta-lactam antibiotics in milk.	the presence of residues of antimicrobial substances in milk is one of the main concerns of the milk industry, as it poses a risk of toxicity to public health, and can seriously influence the technological properties of milk and dairy products. moreover, the information available on the thermostability characteristics of these residues, particularly regarding the heat treatments used in control laboratories and the dairy industry, is very scarce. the aim of the study was, therefore, to analyze t ...	2008	18592745
theoretical study of dna damage recognition via electron transfer from the [4fe-4s] complex of muty.	the mechanism of site-specific recognition of dna by proteins has been a long-standing issue. the dna glycosylase muty, for instance, must find the rare 8-oxoguanine-adenine mismatches among the large number of basepairs in the dna. this protein has a [4fe-4s] cluster, which is highly conserved in species as diverse as escherichia coli and homo sapiens. the mixed-valent nature of this cluster suggests that charge transfer may play a role in muty's function. we have studied the energetics of the ...	2008	18599627
potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitors purified from the red alga grateloupia elliptica.	diabetes mellitus is a most serious and chronic disease whose incidence rates are increasing with incidences of obesity and aging of the general population over the world. one therapeutic approach for decreasing postprandial hyperglycemia is to retard absorption of glucose by inhibition of alpha-glucosidase. two bromophenols, 2,4,6-tribromophenol and 2,4-dibromophenol, were purified from the red alga grateloupia elliptica. ic(50) values of 2,4,6-tribromophenol and 2,4-dibromophenol were 60.3 and ...	2008	18951591
substrate-ligand interactions in geobacillus stearothermophilus nitric oxide synthase.	nitric oxide synthase (nos) generates no via a sequential two-step reaction [l-arginine (l-arg) --> n-hydroxy-l-arginine (noha) --> l-citrulline + no]. each step of the reaction follows a distinct mechanism defined by the chemical environment introduced by each substrate bound to the heme active site. the dioxygen complex of the nos enzyme from a thermophilic bacterium, geobacillus stearothermophilus (gsnos), is unusually stable; hence, it provides a unique model for the studies of the mechanist ...	2008	18956884
translation initiation factor if1 of bacillus stearothermophilus and thermus thermophilus substitute for escherichia coli if1 in vivo and in vitro without a direct if1-if2 interaction.	bacterial translation initiation factor if1 is homologous to archaeal aif1a and eukaryal eif1a, which form a complex with their homologous if2-like factors (aif5b and eif5b respectively) during initiation of protein synthesis. a similar if1-if2 interaction is assumed to occur in all bacteria and supported by cross-linking data and stabilization of the 30s-if2 interaction by if1. here we compare escherichia coli if1 with thermophilic factors from bacillus stearothermophilus and thermus thermophil ...	2008	18976282
characterization of thermophilic bacteria using surface-enhanced raman scattering.	surface-enhanced raman scattering (sers) can provide molecular-level information about the molecules and molecular structures in the vicinity of nanostructured noble metal surfaces such as gold and silver. the three thermophilic bacteria bacillus licheniformis, geobacillus stearothermophilus, and geobacillus pallidus, a gram-negative bacterium e. coli, and a gram-positive bacterium b. megaterium are comparatively characterized using sers. the sers spectra of thermophilic bacteria are similar, wh ...	2008	19007464
isolation of the phe-operon from g. stearothermophilus comprising the phenol degradative meta-pathway genes and a novel transcriptional regulator.	geobacillus stearothermophilus is able to utilize phenol as a sole carbon source. a dna fragment encoding a phenol hydroxylase catalyzing the first step in the meta-pathway has been isolated previously. based on these findings a pcr-based dna walk was performed initially to isolate a catechol 2,3-dioxygenase for biosensoric applications but was continued to elucidate the organisation of the genes encoding the proteins for the metabolization of phenol.	2008	19014555
afnor validation of premi test, a microbiological-based screening tube-test for the detection of antimicrobial residues in animal muscle tissue.	premi test contains viable spores of a strain of bacillus stearothermophilus which is sensitive to antimicrobial residues, such as beta-lactams, tetracyclines, macrolides and sulphonamides. the growth of the strain is inhibited by the presence of antimicrobial residues in muscle tissue samples. premi test was validated according to afnor rules (french association for normalisation). the afnor validation was based on the comparison of reference methods (french official method, i.e. four plate tes ...	2008	19680855
acylated flavonol monorhamnosides, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, from machilus philippinensis.	bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation of the active constituents from the leaf extract of machilusphilippinense merr. yielded two active compounds, kaempferol-3-o-alpha-l-rhamnopyranoside 3'',4''-di-e-p-coumaroic acid ester (1) and 3''-e,4''-z-di-p-coumaroic acid ester (2) when tested against a bacillus stearothermophilus, a alpha-glucosidase type iv. the ic50 values of 1 and 2 were 6.10 and 1.00microm, respectively. further application of the hplc-spe-nmr hyphenated technique in the on-li ...	2008	18639907
folding kinetics of a naturally occurring helical peptide: implication of the folding speed limit of helical proteins.	the folding mechanism and dynamics of a helical protein may strongly depend on how quickly its constituent alpha-helices can fold independently. thus, our understanding of the protein folding problem may be greatly enhanced by a systematic survey of the folding rates of individual alpha-helical segments derived from their parent proteins. as a first step, we have studied the relaxation kinetics of the central helix (l9:41-74) of the ribosomal protein l9 from the bacterium bacillus stearothermoph ...	2008	18610960
[simple and rapid microbiological method for determination of residual antibacterials in meat].	a simple and rapid screening method using bioassay for the simultaneous analysis of antibacterials (penicillins, cephalosporins, macrolides, tetracyclines, quinolones, etc.) in meat has been developed. a 5 g sample was homogenized with 5 ml of methanol, and the homogenate was centrifuged for 10 min with 3,000 rpm. the pulp disk method with bacillus subtilis bga (antibiotic medium 5 (ph 8) and 8 (ph 6)), micrococcus luteus atcc 9341 and geobacillus stearothermophilus as test organisms was employe ...	2008	18633201
the family 52 beta-xylosidase from geobacillus stearothermophilus is a dimer: structural and biophysical characterization of a glycoside hydrolase.	xylans are the most abundant polysaccharides forming the plant cell wall hemicelluloses, and they are degraded, among other proteins, by beta-xylosidase enzymes. in this work, the structural and biophysical properties of the family 52 beta-xylosidase from geobacillus stearothermophilus, xynb2, are described. size exclusion chromatography, analytical centrifugation, itc, cd, fluorescence (steady state and ans-binding) and ftir were used to obtain the structure, the oligomerization state and the c ...	2008	18657634
3-d structure modelling of the staphylococcus simulans lipase: conformational changes, substrate specificity and novel structural features.	we have modelled, using the charmm27 energy force field, the structures of closed and open forms of staphylococcus simulans lipase (ssl) on the basis of the crystal structures of bacillus stearothermophilus and staphylococcus hyicus lipases, respectively. the models suggested the presence of a main lid and a second lid that may act with the former as a double door to control the access to the active site. superimposition of both closed and open forms of ssl allowed us to determine the hinge regi ...	2008	18662315
[synthesis of 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine by microbiological transglycosylation using a recombinant escherichia coli strain].	cladribine (2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine) was synthesized using intact cells of the recombinant escherichia coli strain producing geobacillus stearothermophilus b-2194 thermostable purine-nucleoside phosphorylase ii (ec 2.4.2.1). use of the cells containing this thermostable enzyme allowed the process to be conducted at a temperature of 70 degrees c, which provided the maximal concentrations of sparingly soluble substrates. the best results were obtained with 2-chloroadenine as a modified base. th ...	2008	18669260
the dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase of aeromonas caviae st exhibits nadh-dependent tellurite reductase activity.	potassium tellurite (k(2)teo(3)) is extremely toxic for most forms of life and only a limited number of organisms are naturally resistant to the toxic effects of this compound. crude extracts prepared from the environmental isolate aeromonas caviae st catalize the in vitro reduction of teo32- in a nadh-dependent reaction. upon fractionation by ionic exchange column chromatography three major polypeptides identified as the e1, e2, and e3 components of the pyruvate dehydrogenase (pdh) complex were ...	2008	18675788
substrate-induced conformational changes of the truncated catalytic domain of geobacillus stearothermophilus lysyl-trna synthetase as examined by fluorescence.	the substrate-induced conformational change of the truncated c-terminal catalytic domain (cat) of geobacillus stearothermophilus lysyl-trna synthetase was examined by measuring tryptophan fluorescence of the truncated cat domain in the presence or absence of the truncated n-terminal trna anticodon-binding domain (tab). the fluorescence spectrum of cat was not changed by the addition of l-lysine or atp, whereas the intensity increased by adding a lysyl-adenylate analogue, suggesting that the cat ...	2008	18675944
the structure and binding behavior of the bacterial cell surface layer protein sbsc.	surface layers (s-layers) comprise the outermost cell envelope component of most archaea and many bacteria. here we present the structure of the bacterial s-layer protein sbsc from geobacillus stearothermophilus, showing a very elongated and flexible molecule, with strong and specific binding to the secondary cell wall polymer (scwp). the crystal structure of rsbsc((31-844)) revealed a novel fold, consisting of six separate domains, which are connected by short flexible linkers. the n-terminal d ...	2008	18682224
non-selective toxicological effects of the insect juvenile hormone analogue methoprene. a membrane biophysical approach.	the gram-positive bacterium, bacillus stearothermophilus, was used as a model organism to identify the non-selective toxic effects of the currently used insecticide methoprene (isopropyl(2e,4e)-11-methoxy-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,4-dodecadienoate). a significant decrease of the yield of bacterial cultures and a premature appearance of ultrastructural abnormalities in cells cultured in the presence of the insecticide were taken as indicators of cytotoxicity. a putative correlation of this cytotoxicity ...	2008	18682901