Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| antimicrobial susceptibilities among clinical isolates of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant gram-negative bacteria in a taiwanese university hospital. | infections caused by gram-negative bacteria with resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins require the identification of effective alternative antimicrobial therapy. to determine the role of other pre-existing or currently available antimicrobial agents in treating infections caused by these multidrug-resistant pathogens, we evaluated the in vitro susceptibilities of these agents in 411 non-duplicate isolates of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant gram-negative bacteria recovered betw ... | 2002 | 11751769 |
| increase in mics of ciprofloxacin in vivo in two closely related clinical isolates of enterobacter cloacae. | the mechanisms of fluoroquinolone resistance in two isolates of enterobacter cloacae, ecl#1 and ecl#2, from the same patient and with identical pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns, have been analysed. mics of ciprofloxacin were 0.25 and 1 mg/l for ecl#1 and ecl#2, respectively. ecl#2 was also more resistant to chloramphenicol and organic solvents. the quinolone resistance determining regions of gyra/b and parc/e, and the marora and acrb genes, were sequenced. expression of marr, acrb, soxs ... | 2002 | 11909836 |
| mechanism of inhibition of the beta-lactamase of enterobacter cloacae p99 by 1:1 complexes of vanadate with hydroxamic acids. | the class c beta-lactamase of enterobacter cloacae p99 is competitively inhibited by low concentrations of 1:1 complexes of vanadate and hydroxamic acids. structure-activity studies indicated that the hydroxamic acid functional group was essential to this inhibition. both aryl and alkyl hydroxamic acids form inhibitory ternary complexes with vanadate and the enzyme, although, in certain cases of the latter, the inhibition may not be seen because of the low formation constants of the vanadate-hyd ... | 2002 | 11914079 |
| molecular method to assess the diversity of burkholderia species in environmental samples. | in spite of the importance of many members of the genus burkholderia in the soil microbial community, no direct method to assess the diversity of this genus has been developed so far. the aim of this work was the development of soil dna-based pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge), a powerful tool for studying the diversity of microbial communities, for detection and analysis of the burkholderia diversity in soil samples. primers specific for the genus burkholderia were developed bas ... | 2002 | 11916673 |
| comparison of fecal coliform agar and violet red bile lactose agar for fecal coliform enumeration in foods. | a 24-h direct plating method for fecal coliform enumeration with a resuscitation step (preincubation for 2 h at 37 +/- 1 degrees c and transfer to 44 +/- 1 degrees c for 22 h) using fecal coliform agar (fca) was compared with the 24-h standardized violet red bile lactose agar (vrbl) method. fca and vrbl have equivalent specificities and sensitivities, except for lactose-positive non-fecal coliforms such as hafnia alvei, which could form typical colonies on fca and vrbl. recovery of cold-stressed ... | 2002 | 11916678 |
| nad(p)h:flavin mononucleotide oxidoreductase inactivation during 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene reduction. | bacteria readily transform 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (tnt), a contaminant frequently found at military bases and munitions production facilities, by reduction of the nitro group substituents. in this work, the kinetics of nitroreduction were investigated by using a model nitroreductase, nad(p)h:flavin mononucleotide (fmn) oxidoreductase. under mediation by nad(p)h:fmn oxidoreductase, tnt rapidly reacted with nadh to form 2-hydroxylamino-4,6-dinitrotoluene and 4-hydroxylamino-2,6-dinitrotoluene, wher ... | 2002 | 11916686 |
| genotyping cryptosporidium parvum with an hsp70 single-nucleotide polymorphism microarray. | we investigated the application of an oligonucleotide microarray to (i) specifically detect cryptosporidium spp., (ii) differentiate between closely related c. parvum isolates and cryptosporidium species, and (iii) differentiate between principle genotypes known to infect humans. a microarray of 68 capture probes targeting seven single-nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) within a 190-bp region of the hsp70 gene of cryptosporidium parvum was constructed. labeled hsp70 targets were generated by pcr wi ... | 2002 | 11916701 |
| a decade of antimicrobial susceptibilities at the university of kentucky hospital. | to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility rates for key antimicrobial agents and selective bacterial pathogens in the decade of the 1990s. | 2002 | 11918505 |
| epidemiology of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing enterobacter isolates in a spanish hospital during a 12-year period. | fifteen enterobacter clinical isolates (11 enterobacter cloacae isolates, 3 enterobacter aerogenes isolates, and 1 enterobacter gergoviae isolate), representing 0.4% of all enterobacter isolates recovered in our hospital from 1989 to 2000, were suspected of harboring an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl). these isolates were recovered from 14 different patients. esbls were transferred by conjugation into an escherichia coli recipient strain. pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) revealed ... | 2002 | 11923338 |
| [enterobacteria isolated from cockroaches (periplaneta americana) captured in a brazilian hospital]. | to isolate and identify microorganisms from cockroaches that were captured in a public hospital and to test the antimicrobial susceptibility of these microorganisms. | 2002 | 11939120 |
| fibrin sheath enhances central venous catheter infection. | to determine whether fibrin-coated central venous catheters have a higher infection rate, and spawn more septic emboli, than uncoated catheters after exposure to bacteremia. | 2002 | 11940768 |
| genome-based identification of chromosomal regions specific for salmonella spp. | acquisition of genomic elements by horizontal gene transfer represents an important mechanism in the evolution of bacterial species. pathogenicity islands are a subset of horizontally acquired elements present in various pathogens. these elements are frequently located adjacent to trna genes. we performed a comparative genome analysis of salmonella enterica serovars typhi and typhimurium and escherichia coli and scanned trna loci for the presence of species-specific, horizontally acquired genomi ... | 2002 | 11953370 |
| [can we rely on the results of urine microscopy and culture when tests are performed in general practice?]. | urinary tract infections (uti) account for 2-5% of consultations in general practice, but only about half the patients with dysuria have significant bacteriuria (> 100,000 bacteria per ml). a microbiological diagnosis can be made by examination of a urine sample, and in danish family practice the diagnosis of uti is often reached by a microscopic analysis or a dip-slide culture test. these methods have a high validity when performed in hospital, but we need knowledge about the validity of microb ... | 2002 | 11957428 |
| tem-80, a novel inhibitor-resistant beta-lactamase in a clinical isolate of enterobacter cloacae. | enterobacter cloacae ecl261 was isolated with escherichia coli ec257 from the urine of a patient living in a nursing home. both isolates were resistant to ticarcillin (mics, 1,024 microg/ml), without significant potentiation of its activity by 2 microg of clavulanate per ml (mics, 512 microg/ml), and susceptible to naturally active cephalosporins. this inhibitor-resistant phenotype was conferred in both strains by similar conjugative plasmids of 40 kb (ecl261) and 30 kb (ec257), which also conve ... | 2002 | 11959543 |
| origin and evolution of the ampc beta-lactamases of citrobacter freundii. | to determine whether the widespread clinical use of beta-lactams has been selective for citrobacter freundii-derived alleles of plasmid ampc genes, we generated a bayesian consensus phylogeny of the published ampc sequences and compared the mics of 16 beta-lactam antibiotics for escherichia coli strains containing cloned copies of the c. freundii ampc alleles. we found that for the majority of compounds investigated, there has been essentially no increase in beta-lactam resistance conferred by t ... | 2002 | 11959544 |
| nb2001, a novel antibacterial agent with broad-spectrum activity and enhanced potency against beta-lactamase-producing strains. | enzyme-catalyzed therapeutic activation (ecta) is a novel prodrug strategy to overcome drug resistance resulting from enzyme overexpression. beta-lactamase overexpression is a common mechanism of bacterial resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics. we present here the results for one of the beta-lactamase ecta compounds, nb2001, which consists of the antibacterial agent triclosan in a prodrug form with a cephalosporin scaffold. unlike conventional beta-lactam antibiotics, where hydrolysis of the bet ... | 2002 | 11959554 |
| chromosomal system for studying ampc-mediated beta-lactam resistance mutation in escherichia coli. | in some enterobacterial pathogens, but not in escherichia coli, loss-of-function mutations in the ampd gene are a common route to beta-lactam antibiotic resistance. we constructed an assay system for studying mechanism(s) of enterobacterial ampd mutation using the well-developed genetics of e. coli. we integrated the enterobacter amprc genes into the e. coli chromosome. these cells acquire spontaneous recombination- and sos response-independent beta-lactam resistance mutations in ampd. this chro ... | 2002 | 11959593 |
| outbreak of infections caused by enterobacter cloacae producing the integron-associated beta-lactamase ibc-1 in a neonatal intensive care unit of a greek hospital. | nineteen of 27 ceftazidime-resistant enterobacter cloacae isolates from a neonatal intensive care unit in thessaloniki, greece, had genes coding for the novel extended-spectrum beta-lactamase ibc-1; 18 of those 19 harbored similar conjugative plasmids and belonged to two distinct genetic lineages. a synergy test with ceftazidime and imipenem enabled us to identify five unrelated bla(ibc-1)-carrying e. cloacae isolates from other wards of the hospital. it seems that this integron-associated gene ... | 2002 | 11959604 |
| transient reduction in the trna 4-thiouridine content induced by ultraviolet a during post-irradiation growth in enterobacter cloacae. | the influence of previous exposure to ultraviolet-a radiation (uva) was studied on the susceptibility of enterobacter cloacae to undergo the growth delay effect. comparison of growth curves corresponding to irradiated and control cells showed that a previous treatment with uva almost abolished the growth delay effect. uv absorption spectra of trna, and reverse phase hplc analysis of hydrolysed trna, demonstrated a low content of 4-thiouridine in e. cloacae cells grown after uva exposure at low d ... | 2002 | 11960731 |
| a note: gut bacteria produce components of a locust cohesion pheromone. | faecal pellets from germ-free locusts were used as culture media to determine the ability of locust gut bacteria to synthesize phenolic components of the locust cohesion pheromone. | 2002 | 11966918 |
| isolation and characterization of endophytic colonizing bacteria from agronomic crops and prairie plants. | endophytic bacteria reside within plant hosts without causing disease symptoms. in this study, 853 endophytic strains were isolated from aerial tissues of four agronomic crop species and 27 prairie plant species. we determined several phenotypic properties and found approximately equal numbers of gram-negative and gram-positive isolates. in a greenhouse study, 28 of 86 prairie plant endophytes were found to colonize their original hosts at 42 days postinoculation at levels of 3.5 to 7.7 log(10) ... | 2002 | 11976089 |
| response of endophytic bacterial communities in potato plants to infection with erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica. | the term endophyte refers to interior colonization of plants by microorganisms that do not have pathogenic effects on their hosts, and various endophytes have been found to play important roles in plant vitality. in this study, cultivation-independent terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of 16s ribosomal dna directly amplified from plant tissue dna was used in combination with molecular characterization of isolates to examine the influence of plant stress, achieved by infec ... | 2002 | 11976096 |
| [post-marketing surveillance of antibacterial activities of cefozopran against various clinical isolates--ii. gram-negative bacteria]. | as a post-marketing surveillance, the in vitro antibacterial activities of cefozopran (czop), an agent of cephems, against various clinical isolates were yearly evaluated and compared with those of other cephems, oxacephems, penicillins, monobactams, and carbapenems. changes in czop susceptibility for the bacteria were also evaluated with the bacterial resistance ratio calculated with the breakpoint mic. twenty-five species (3,362 strains) of gram-negative bacteria were isolated from the clinica ... | 2002 | 11977920 |
| jaundice as an early diagnostic sign of urinary tract infection in infancy. | urinary tract infections (utis) are a common clinical problem in febrile infants younger than 8 weeks old, with a prevalence between 5% and 11%. previous studies have noted that jaundice may be one of the first signs of a bacterial infection in infants. our goal was to determine the incidence of utis in asymptomatic, jaundiced infants younger than 8 weeks old and to determine which historical and laboratory parameters are associated with utis. | 2002 | 11986445 |
| potential microbiological hazards in the production of refined paper products for food applications. | this study sought to investigate the significance of raw materials (starch-based glues, raw material papers) at different microbiologically critical stages in the manufacturing process of refined paper products. the study examined the occurrence of microorganisms in the process and in end-product samples. microbiological surveys verified that the production and use of pasteurized starch-based glue was the most important factor threatening the process hygiene and product safety. subsequently, the ... | 2002 | 11986924 |
| estb from burkholderia gladioli: a novel esterase with a beta-lactamase fold reveals steric factors to discriminate between esterolytic and beta-lactam cleaving activity. | esterases form a diverse class of enzymes of largely unknown physiological role. because many drugs and pesticides carry ester functions, the hydrolysis of such compounds forms at least one potential biological function. carboxylesterases catalyze the hydrolysis of short chain aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic ester compounds. esterases, d-alanyl-d-alanine-peptidases (dd-peptidases) and beta-lactamases can be grouped into two distinct classes of hydrolases with different folds and topologically ... | 2002 | 11847270 |
| three cefotaximases, ctx-m-9, ctx-m-13, and ctx-m-14, among enterobacteriaceae in the people's republic of china. | of 15 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing isolates of the family enterobacteriaceae collected from the first municipal people's hospital of guangzhou, in the southern part of the people's republic of china, 9 were found to produce ctx-m esbls, 3 produced shv-12, and 3 produced both ctx-m and shv-12. eleven isolates produced either tem-1b or shv-11, in addition to an esbl. nucleotide sequence analysis of the 12 isolates carrying bla(ctx-m) genes revealed that they harbored three dif ... | 2002 | 11850241 |
| molecular characterization of a novel class 1 integron containing bla(ges-1) and a fused product of aac3-ib/aac6'-ib' gene cassettes in pseudomonas aeruginosa. | as seen by the disk diffusion method, the clinical strain of pseudomonas aeruginosa pa695, resistant to all extended-spectrum cephalosporins and aminoglycosides, exhibited an unusual synergistic effect between ceftazidime and imipenem. this isolate produced an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl) with a pi of 5.8 that appeared to be chromosomally encoded. cloning experiments revealed that this esbl was encoded by bla(ges-1), previously described in an integron from klebsiella pneumoniae. in p ... | 2002 | 11850242 |
| the act-1 plasmid-encoded ampc beta-lactamase is inducible: detection in a complex beta-lactamase background. | the purpose of this study was to identify the genetic organization and inducibility of bla(act-1) in a clinical isolate of klebsiella pneumoniae possessing at least five different beta-lactamases. the genetic organization of the bla(act-1)/ampr region is identical to those of inducible chromosomal ampc genes. rna analysis using primer extension demonstrated a five-fold increase in bla(act-1) transcript production on exposure to cefoxitin. these findings are significant because induction was dete ... | 2002 | 11864960 |
| comparative sequence analysis of the symbiosis island of mesorhizobium loti strain r7a. | the mesorhizobium loti strain r7a symbiosis island is a 502-kb chromosomally integrated element which transfers to nonsymbiotic mesorhizobia in the environment, converting them to lotus symbionts. it integrates into a phenylalanine trna gene in a process mediated by a p4-type integrase encoded at the left end of the element. we have determined the nucleotide sequence of the island and compared its deduced genetic complement with that reported for the 611-kb putative symbiosis island of m. loti s ... | 2002 | 12003951 |
| growth of cell-wall-deficient variants of enterobacter cloacae facilitates beta-lactamase derepressed mutants. | the degree to which cell-wall-deficient bacteria (cwdb) are involved in the generation of beta-lactamase derepressed mutants (dm) was measured using enterobacter cloacae 3624. the frequency of dm in non-permissive isotonic ticarcillin medium was compared with their frequency in hypertonic ticarcillin medium that supports cwdb growth. dm were resistant to extended spectrum penicillins and cephalosporins and had a basal beta-lactamase activity of >300 units/mg protein. anaerobic growth of cwdb inc ... | 2002 | 12007848 |
| ceftriaxone activity against gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens isolated in us clinical microbiology laboratories from 1996 to 2000: results from the surveillance network (tsn) database-usa. | ceftriaxone was introduced into clinical practice in the usa in 1985 and was the first extended-spectrum (third-generation) cephalosporin approved for once-daily treatment of patients with gram-positive or gram-negative infections. review of ceftriaxone activity is important given its continued use since the mid-1980s and reports of emerging resistance among all antimicrobial agent classes. we reviewed the activity of ceftriaxone and relevant comparative agents against five gram-positive and 11 ... | 2002 | 12007850 |
| management of an outbreak of enterobacter cloacae in a neonatal unit using simple preventive measures. | enterobacter cloacae is becoming an increasingly important nosocomial pathogen. outbreaks of e. cloacae in intensive care units and burns units have been described frequently. in december 1999, a neonate with line sepsis was transferred from a university hospital to the neonatal unit of the diakonessen hospital. blood culture yielded e. cloacae. an outbreak of e. cloacae was occurring in the university hospital at that time. in february 2000, a second neonate in our hospital developed line sepsi ... | 2002 | 12009816 |
| serratia marcescens bacteremia traced to an infused narcotic. | from june 30, 1998, through march 21, 1999, several patients in the surgical intensive care unit of a hospital acquired serratia marcescens bacteremia. we investigated this outbreak. | 2002 | 12015392 |
| pharmacodynamics of the new fluoroquinolone gatifloxacin in murine thigh and lung infection models. | gatifloxacin is a new 8-methoxy fluoroquinolone with enhanced activity against gram-positive cocci. we used the neutropenic murine thigh infection model to characterize the time course of antimicrobial activity of gatifloxacin and determine which pharmacokinetic (pk)-pharmacodynamic (pd) parameter best correlated with efficacy. the thighs of mice were infected with 10(6.5) to 10(7.4) cfu of strains of staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pneumoniae, or escherichia coli, and the mice were then tr ... | 2002 | 12019073 |
| antibacterial activities and characterization of novel inhibitors of lpxc. | lipid a is the hydrophobic anchor of lipopolysaccharide (lps) and forms the major lipid component of the outer monolayer of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. lipid a is required for bacterial growth and virulence, and inhibition of its biosynthesis is lethal to bacteria. udp-3-o-(r-3-hydroxymyristoyl)-n-acetylglucosamine deacetylase (lpxc) is a metalloenzyme that catalyzes the second step in the biosynthesis of lipid a. inhibitors of lpxc have previously been shown to have antibiotic ... | 2002 | 12019092 |
| mutational replacement of leu-293 in the class c enterobacter cloacae p99 beta-lactamase confers increased mic of cefepime. | the class c beta-lactamase from enterobacter cloacae p99 confers resistance to a wide range of broad-spectrum beta-lactams but not to the newer cephalosporin cefepime. using pcr mutagenesis of the e. cloacae p99 ampc gene, we obtained a leu-293-pro mutant of the p99 beta-lactamase conferring a higher mic of cefepime (mic, 8 microg/ml, compared with 0.5 microg/ml conferred by the wild-type enzyme). in addition, the mutant enzyme produced higher resistance to ceftazidime but not to the other beta- ... | 2002 | 12019116 |
| cloning of a cation efflux pump gene associated with chlorhexidine resistance in klebsiella pneumoniae. | expression libraries of a chlorhexidine-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae strain were constructed and transformed into escherichia coli xlolr. twenty chlorhexidine-resistant transformants were obtained after selection. all clones contained a novel 903-nucleotide locus. its sequences were compatible with a cation efflux pump, and the locus was thus designated as cepa. retransformation using cepa-containing plasmids conferred chlorhexidine resistance to both xlolr and a chlorhexidine-sensitive k. pn ... | 2002 | 12019132 |
| chromosomal ampc genes in enterobacter species other than enterobacter cloacae, and ancestral association of the act-1 plasmid-encoded cephalosporinase to enterobacter asburiae. | the amplification and sequence of ampc genes in enterobacter asburiae, enterobacter cancerogenus, enterobacter dissolvens, enterobacter hormaechei and enterobacter intermedius bring the number of known cephalosporinase sequences from the genus enterobacter to seven. expression in escherichia coli of the ampc genes from e. asburiae, e. hormaechei and e. intermedius established the functional nature of these genes. ampc from e. asburiae shows 96.5% identity to bla(act-1) encoding a plasmid-borne c ... | 2002 | 12023082 |
| parachlamydiaceae: potential emerging pathogens. | parachlamydiaceae, which naturally infect amoebae, form a sister taxon to the chlamydiaceae on the basis of the chlamydia-like cycle of replication and 80% to 90% homology of ribosomal rna genes. because intra-amoebal growth could increase the virulence of some intracellular bacteria, parachlamydiaceae may be pathogenic. arguments supporting a pathogenic role are that chlamydia pneumoniae, a well-recognized agent of pneumonia, was shown to infect free-living amoebae and that another member of th ... | 2002 | 12023921 |
| [beta-lactam resistance in aquatic enterobacter cloacae strains using phenotypic and genotypic criteria]. | bacterial resistance by producing of beta-lactamases represents an increasing problem of infections chemotherapy. beta-lactam hydrolyzing activities are detected in virtually all bacteria, from witch enterobacter cloacae produce chromosomal beta-lactamases included in inducible class ampc beta-lactamases. the purpose of this preliminary study was to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility of 7 inducible beta-lactamase-producing enterobacter cloacae strains isolated from aquatic sources (river ... | 2002 | 15085610 |
| development of a brucella suis specific hybridisation probe and pcr which distinguishes b. suis from brucella abortus. | a genomic library was prepared from brucella suis dna (mboi digested) and cloned into the bamhi site of puc18. colony hybridisation using a probe prepared from purified b. suis dna labelled with alpha 32p was carried out to identify colonies of interest. about 20 colonies, which gave an intense signal upon hybridisation with whole b. suis genomic dna as a probe, were selected. because of the high degree of dna homology between b. suis and brucella abortus, a short probe was chosen as it would mo ... | 2002 | 11731177 |
| performance of four chromogenic urine culture media after one or two days of incubation compared with reference media. | four chromogenic urine culture media were compared to culture on blood agar, macconkey agar, and cled (cysteine-, lactose-, and electrolyte-deficient) agar for detection of uropathogens in 1,200 urine specimens. after 2 nights of incubation, 96% of all isolates were recovered on blood agar, 96% were recovered on cled agar, 92% were recovered on cps id2, 96% were recovered on chromagar orientation from bbl, 95% were recovered on chromagar orientation from the chromagar company, and 95% were recov ... | 2002 | 11923381 |
| the pattern of bacteraemia in children with severe malaria. | bacteraemia is a recognised complication of severe malaria and may increase mortality. we determined 1) the rate and pattern of bacteraemia in children with severe malaria; 2) the impact of bacteraemia on case-fatality rate; and 3) the rate and pattern of bacteraemia in following blood transfusion for severe malarial anaemia. for the first two objectives, a prospective study was undertaken involving children admitted consecutively to the malaria research project ward between february 1996 and ju ... | 2002 | 27528917 |
| plasmid-determined ampc-type beta-lactamases. | 2002 | 11751104 | |
| rapid and sensitive enumeration of viable diluted cells of members of the family enterobacteriaceae in freshwater and drinking water. | water quality assessment involves the specific, sensitive, and rapid detection of bacterial indicators and pathogens in water samples, including viable but nonculturable (vbnc) cells. this work evaluates the specificity and sensitivity of a new method which combines a fluorescent in situ hybridization (fish) approach with a physiological assay (direct viable count [dvc]) for the direct enumeration, at the single-cell level, of highly diluted viable cells of members of the family enterobacteriace ... | 2002 | 12324357 |
| presence of integron-associated resistance in the community is widespread and contributes to multidrug resistance in the hospital. | integrons are strongly associated with the multidrug resistance seen in gram-negative bacilli in the hospital environment. no data, however, are available on their prevalence in the community. this study is the first to show that integrons are widespread in enterobacteriaceae in the community and that integron-associated resistance genes in the community constitute a substantial reservoir for multidrug resistance in the hospital. | 2002 | 12149373 |
| characterization of three alternatively spliced isoforms of the rel/nf-kappa b transcription factor relish from the mosquito aedes aegypti. | the rel/nf-kappa b transcription factor relish performs a central role in the acute-phase response to microbial challenge by activating immune antibacterial peptides. we cloned and molecularly characterized the gene homologous to drosophila relish from the mosquito aedes aegypti. unlike drosophila relish, aedes relish has three alternatively spliced transcripts encoding different proteins. first, the predominant aedes relish transcript of 3.9 kb contains both the rel-homology domains and the inh ... | 2002 | 12119421 |
| expression of the c5a receptor (cd88) on granulocytes and monocytes in patients with severe sepsis. | treatment of patients with severe sepsis with agents antagonising the effects of c5a has been proposed based on beneficial effects in animal experiments and in vitro studies demonstrating upregulation of the c5a receptor (cd88) on granulocytes by endotoxin. | 2002 | 12225614 |
| bacterial identification for publication: when is enough enough? | 2002 | 12037039 | |
| selective bowel decontamination for the prevention of infection in acute myelogenous leukemia: a prospective randomized trial. | infection is still a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in acute myelogenous leukemia (aml) patients receiving chemotherapy. recently the main cause of infection has changed from gram-negative to gram-positive bacteria and the resistance to antibiotics has increased. this study aimed to access the effectiveness of antimicrobial prophylaxis (ap) with orally absorbable antibiotics. | 2002 | 12014211 |
| functional characterization of a novel promoter element required for an innate immune response in drosophila. | innate immune reactions are crucial processes of metazoans to protect the organism against overgrowth of faster replicating microorganisms. drosophila melanogaster is a precious model for genetic and molecular studies of the innate immune system. in response to infection, the concerted action of a battery of antimicrobial peptides ensures efficient killing of the microbes. the induced gene expression relies on translocation of the drosophila rel transcription factors relish, dif, and dorsal to t ... | 2003 | 14585984 |
| dissemination of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae in pediatric intensive care units. | to study the growing trend of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing enterobacteriaceae in pediatric intensive care units (picus), 88 nonrepetitive esbl-producing isolates were prospectively collected and analyzed by molecular methods during a 16-month period. the emergence and dissemination of esbl-producing enterobacteriaceae in picus are the consequence of the clonal dissemination of a few epidemic strains along with the horizontal transmission of resistance gene-carrying plasmids ... | 2003 | 14532236 |
| direct susceptibility testing of positive blood cultures by using sensititre broth microdilution plates. | traditional susceptibility testing of blood cultures requires overnight incubation in order to obtain isolated colonies. susceptibility results can be reported up to 24 h sooner by using a bacterial pellet from the blood culture broth. this study evaluated the accuracy of direct susceptibility testing from positive esp blood culture broths by using sensititre broth microdilution plates compared to testing with isolated colonies. practical inclusion criteria were applied to gram-positive organism ... | 2003 | 14532215 |
| community transmission of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase. | 2003 | 12971376 | |
| unsuspected widespread cardiac sarcoma in a child. | the case of a patient with an undifferentiated metastatic cardiac sarcoma is presented. a thallium-201 tumor study was performed to evaluate lung nodules. thallium-201 chloride was injected intravenously and whole body images, as well as single photon emission computer tomography (spect) imaging of the chest, were obtained and reconstructed. they were displayed in three planes and then reconstructed again in cardiac planes. multiple unsuspected metastases were found in the lower extremities. via ... | 2003 | 15931313 |
| effects of rapid detection of bloodstream infections on length of hospitalization and hospital charges. | current automated continuous-monitoring blood culture systems afford more rapid detection of bacteremia and fungemia than is possible with non-instrument-based manual methods. use of these systems has not been studied objectively with respect to impact on patient outcomes, including hospital charges and length of hospitalization. we conducted a prospective, two-center study in which the time from the obtainment of the initial positive blood culture until the gram stain was called was evaluated f ... | 2003 | 12843051 |
| cefpodoxime-proxetil versus trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for short-term therapy of uncomplicated acute cystitis in women. | one hundred sixty-three women with uncomplicated acute lower urinary tract infections were included in a multicenter randomized study comparing cefpodoxime-proxetil (one 100-mg tablet twice daily) with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (one double-strength tablet [160/800 mg] twice daily) for 3 days. a total of 30 women in both arms were excluded from the study for various reasons. at 4 to 7 days after the discontinuation of therapy, 62 of 63 (98.4%) cefpodoxime-proxetil recipients and 70 of 70 (100 ... | 2003 | 12604518 |
| hemese, a hemocyte-specific transmembrane protein, affects the cellular immune response in drosophila. | we have identified a previously undescribed transmembrane protein, hemese, from drosophila melanogaster blood cells (hemocytes), by using a monoclonal pan-hemocyte antibody. heavy glycosylation is suggested by the heterogeneous size distribution, ranging between 37 and 70 kda. hemese expression is restricted to the cell surfaces of hemocytes of all classes, and to the hematopoietic organs. the sequence of the corresponding gene, hemese (he), predicts a glycophorin-like protein of 15 kda, excludi ... | 2003 | 12598653 |
| performance of methods for detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases applied to clinical enterobacterial strains producing ibc-type beta-lactamases. | 2003 | 12574316 | |
| molecular epidemiology of orf513-bearing class 1 integrons in multiresistant clinical isolates from argentinean hospitals. | the spread of orf513-bearing class 1 integrons is associated with bla(ctx-m-2) in gram-negative clinical isolates in argentina, with in35 being the most frequently found integron (74%). among 65 isolates without bla(ctx-m-2), only one harbored a novel orf513-bearing class 1 integron with the dfra3b gene. the finding of orf513 not associated with class 1 integrons in two gram-positive strains indicates the widespread occurrence of this putative site-specific recombinase. | 2003 | 14638506 |
| sepsis in burned patients. | a prospective study was conducted from june 2001 to may 2002 at the burns unit of hospital regional da asa norte, brasília, brazil. during the period of the study, 252 patients were treated at the burns unit, 49 (19.4%) developed clinically and microbiologically proven sepsis. twenty-six (53.1%) were males and 23 (46.9%) females with a mean age of 22 years (range one to 89 years) and mean burned body surface area of 37.7 +/- 18.4% (range 7 to 84%). forty-three patients had flame burns, five a sc ... | 2003 | 15049101 |
| sanitary and bacteriological aspects of sewage treatment. | a study into the removal of contamination load and indicator bacteria was carried out in 1992-1996 in the mechanical, biological and chemical waste-water treatment plant wtp in lezany, in the county of reszel, in the province of warmia and mazury in poland. the results of chemical analyses found a high efficiency of removal of carbon compounds, cod (90%) and bod (98%), in the process of purification of household sewage. in addition, a high effectiveness of total nitrogen, on average 71%, and uns ... | 2003 | 15058814 |
| pcr typing of genetic determinants for metallo-beta-lactamases and integrases carried by gram-negative bacteria isolated in japan, with focus on the class 3 integron. | from january 2001 to december 2002, 587 strains of gram-negative bacterial isolates demonstrating resistance to ceftazidime and a combination of sulbactam and cefoperazone were subjected to a disk diffusion screening test using sodium mercaptoacetic acid; 431 strains (73.4%) appeared to produce metallo-beta-lactamase (mbl). of these 431 strains, 357 were found by pcr to carry genes for imp-1 type mbl (bla(imp-1)), while only 7 and 67 strains carried the imp-2 gene (bla(imp-2)) and the vim-2 gene ... | 2003 | 14662918 |
| culture-independent identification of pathogenic bacteria and polymicrobial infections in the genitourinary tract of renal transplant recipients. | renal transplant recipients are predisposed to urinary tract infections caused by both common uropathogens and opportunistic bacteria resulting frequently in significant polymicrobial infections. in this study, a culture-independent 16s rrna-based approach was established to identify unusual, fastidious, or anaerobic bacteria and to investigate bacterial diversity in urinary tract specimens. similarly sized amplicons encompassing the v6 to v8 region of the 16s rrna were analyzed with denaturing ... | 2003 | 14662931 |
| nosocomial outbreak of infections by proteus mirabilis that produces extended-spectrum ctx-m-2 type beta-lactamase. | nineteen multidrug-resistant proteus mirabilis strains were isolated from 19 patients suffering from infections probably caused by p. mirabilis. these strains were recovered from urine or other urogenital specimens of 16 inpatients and three outpatients with a hospitalization history in a urology ward of funabashi medical center, from july 2001 to august 2002. these strains demonstrated resistance to cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, cefpodoxime, and aztreonam, while they were highly susceptible to cefta ... | 2003 | 14662935 |
| exposure to bioaerosols in a municipal sewage treatment plant. | microbiological air sampling was performed in a medium-size sewage treatment plant processing municipal wastewater from a city located in eastern poland. air samples for determination of the concentrations of viable mesophilic bacteria, gram-negative bacteria, thermophilic actinomycetes, fungi and endotoxin were collected at 12 sites associated with various phases of sewage treatment process. the concentrations of total mesophilic bacteria (both gram-positive and gram-negative) were within a ran ... | 2003 | 14677919 |
| [post-marketing surveillance of antibacterial activities of cefozopran against various clinical isolates--ii. gram-negative bacteria]. | as a post-marketing surveillance, the in vitro antibacterial activities of cefozopran (czop), an agent of cephems, against various clinical isolates were yearly evaluated and compared with those of other cephems, oxacephems, carbapenems, monobactams, and penicillins. changes in czop susceptibility among bacteria were also evaluated with the bacterial resistance ratio calculated from the breakpoint mic. twenty-five species (4,154 strains) of gram-negative bacteria were isolated from the clinical ... | 2003 | 14692381 |
| oral bacterial flora of dogs with and without rabies: a preliminary study in thailand. | the authors studied the bacterial flora of the dog oral cavity and of bite wounds, aerobic bacteria were isolated from mouth swabs of 16 normal and 5 rabid dogs as well as from infected dog-bite wounds from 18 patients. a total of 20 different microbial species were recovered from mouth swab cultures. the most frequently isolated organisms were klebsiella pneumoniae ssp pneumoniae, escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, citrobacter freundii, enterobacter cloacae, acinetobacter calcoaceticus, a ... | 2003 | 14971525 |
| enhancement of plasmid curing by 9-aminoacridine and two phenothiazines in the presence of proton pump inhibitor 1-(2-benzoxazolyl)-3,3,3-trifluoro-2-propanone. | plasmid-containing bacteria often cause serious therapeutic failure during the treatment of infectious diseases. the selection of resistant-mutant strains and the transfer of mobile genetic determinants (such as plasmids and transposons) of resistance promote increased antibiotic resistance. in the last 30 years the antiplasmid effect of acridine dyes, ethidium bromide, sodium dodecyl sulphate and phenothiazines was described. the main aim of this study was to test the mechanism of the antiplasm ... | 2003 | 13678825 |
| microbiological contamination of enteral feeding solutions used in costa rican hospitals. | enteral feeding is the most common and preferred modality for providing nutritional support to hospital patients with a functional gastrointestinal tract that can not satisfy their nutritional requirements. nevertheless, enteral feeding may be an important cause of bacterial infection. the aim of this study was to evaluate the microbial contamination level of enteral feedings distributed in costa rican hospitals. a total of 124 samples of enteral feeding, coming from five different hospitals fro ... | 2003 | 14694811 |
| [evaluation of relations between plasmids and phage host range among clinical isolates of enterobacter cloacae]. | the aim of this study was evaluation the plasmid influence on phage host range of clinical strains of enterobacter cloacae. we found that strains included in restrictive pattern a, displayed reduced host range. such reduced sensitivity make these strains excellent candidates for search restrictive-modification systems. high discriminative efficacy of isolated phages (specific for strains enterobacter cloacae) make them useful tool for phage typing in epidemiological investigations. | 2003 | 15103993 |
| resistance to a beta-lactam antibiotic appearing during therapy for enterobacter cloacae sepsis in a child. | 2003 | 12426691 | |
| an improved 16s rrna based pcr method for the specific detection of salmonella enterica. | a molecular method for the detection of salmonella enterica strains based on 16s rrna sequence analysis was developed by a modification of the previously described pcr primer 16sfi [j. appl. bacteriol. 80 (1996) 659], which was combined with a newly developed primer annealing at the position 66-82. only approximately two thirds of now determined salmonella 16s rrna sequences contained a region identical to the 16sfi primer sequence and the reverse primer 16siii was also not specific. combined, t ... | 2003 | 12430773 |
| application of a real-time biosensor to detect bacteria in platelet concentrates. | a spore-based biosensor for detecting low levels of bacteria in real-time has been recently developed. the system (termed lexsas, label-free exponential signal-amplification system) exploits spore's ability to produce fluorescence when sensing neighboring bacterial cells. we studied the lexsas as a possible approach for identifying bacterially contaminated platelet concentrates prior to transfusion because the system offers rapid analysis, high sensitivity, and low cost. if successful, this appr ... | 2003 | 12480543 |
| the use of enterobacter cloacae atcc 43560 in the development of a two-phase partitioning bioreactor for the destruction of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-s-triazine (rdx). | research on the biodegradation of explosives has focussed exclusively on the treatment of contaminated soil and water. in the present work the anaerobic degradation of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-s-triazine (rdx) by enterobacter cloacae atcc 43560 was investigated, and a two-phase partitioning bioreactor (tppb) was developed for the destruction of pure, past-date munitions. tppbs are characterized by a cell-containing aqueous phase, and an immiscible and biocompatible organic phase into which ... | 2003 | 12413787 |
| [human cowpox/catpox infection. a potentially unrecognized disease]. | a 36-year-old woman initially noticed a red spot, about pea-sized, with a central pimple over the right eyebrow and a swollen submandibular lymph node. a pressure-sensitive, 4 cm large, node developed out of this small spot, with a central, black, tightly-adhering crust bearing several varioliform vesicles around its edge. in addition to swelling of the right half of the face, the patient had a fever up to 39.5 degrees c, general malaise, nausea and vomiting. various antibiotics were ineffective ... | 2003 | 12649797 |
| growth inhibition of intestinal bacteria and mutagenicity of 2-, 3-, 4-aminobiphenyls, benzidine, and biphenyl. | 2-aminobiphenyl (2-abp), 3-aminobiphenyl (3-abp) and 4-aminobiphenyl (4-abp), but not benzidine (bz) and biphenyl (bp), were found to be inhibitory to the growth of human intestinal bacteria bifidobacterium infantis atcc 15697, b. bifidium atcc 11863, clostridium perfringens atcc 13124, escherichia coli atcc 25922, e. coli atcc 35218, enterobacter cloacae atcc 13047 and salmonella typhimurium ta98, ta100, yg1041 at 10-200 microg/ml in culture broth. bacteroides distasonis atcc 8503, b. fragilis ... | 2003 | 12650667 |
| analyses of ampc gene expression in serratia marcescens reveal new regulatory properties. | serratia marcescens encodes an inducible, chromosomal beta-lactamase, ampc. studies addressing the regulation of inducible ampc genes have focused primarily on enterobacter cloacae and citrobacter freundii. the purpose of this study was to clone and sequence the ampc, ampr and intergenic region of s. marcescens and examine both inducible and basal level ampc expression. sequence analysis of the s. marcescens ampc gene identified an extended 5' untranslated region (utr) of 126 nucleotides, which ... | 2003 | 12654751 |
| cefotaxime-resistant bacteria colonizing older people admitted to an acute care hospital. | to determine the frequency of fecal colonization by cefotaxime-resistant gram-negative bacilli in older patients living in the community and in long-term care facilities (ltcfs) admitted to an acute care hospital. | 2003 | 12657072 |
| use of a site-specific recombination-based biosensor for detecting bioavailable toluene and related compounds on roots. | we constructed and characterized a plasmid-based genetic system that reports the expression of a toluene-responsive promoter (ptbua1) by effecting an irreversible, heritable change in the biosensor cell. expression of the reporter gene gfp is strongly repressed in the absence of expression from the ptbua1 promoter, and high level gfp expression in the original cell and its progeny is mediated by the site-specific recombination machinery of bacteriophage p22 to initiate removal of a repressor cas ... | 2003 | 12662171 |
| extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in enterobacter cloacae: underestimated but clinically significant! | 2003 | 12668569 | |
| molecular characterization of the acid-inducible asr gene of escherichia coli and its role in acid stress response. | enterobacteria have developed numerous constitutive and inducible strategies to sense and adapt to an external acidity. these molecular responses require dozens of specific acid shock proteins (asps), as shown by genomic and proteomic analysis. most of the asps remain poorly characterized, and their role in the acid response and survival is unknown. we recently identified an escherichia coli gene, asr (acid shock rna), encoding a protein of unknown function, which is strongly induced by high env ... | 2003 | 12670971 |
| enterobacter cloacae ventriculitis successfully treated with cefepime and gentamicin: case report and review of the literature. | a 55-year-old woman was found unresponsive and subsequently was diagnosed with a subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to a right posterior communicating artery aneurysm. the development of hydrocephalus and decreased mental status necessitated placement of an intraventricular catheter; 18 days later she was diagnosed with enterobacter cloacae ventriculitis. after treatment was begun with intravenous cefepime 2 g every 8 hours and intraventricular gentamicin 5 mg every 24 hours, the catheter was rep ... | 2003 | 12680484 |
| characterization of clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae from italy by the bd phoenix extended-spectrum beta-lactamase detection method. | production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbls) is an important mechanism of beta-lactam resistance in enterobacteriaceae: identification of esbls based on phenotypic tests is the strategy most commonly used in clinical microbiology laboratories. the phoenix esbl test (bd diagnostic systems, sparks, md.) is a recently developed automated system for detection of esbl-producing gram-negative bacteria. an algorithm based on phenotypic responses to a panel of cephalosporins (ceftazidime plus ... | 2003 | 12682131 |
| bacterial volatiles promote growth in arabidopsis. | several chemical changes in soil are associated with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr). some bacterial strains directly regulate plant physiology by mimicking synthesis of plant hormones, whereas others increase mineral and nitrogen availability in the soil as a way to augment growth. identification of bacterial chemical messengers that trigger growth promotion has been limited in part by the understanding of how plants respond to external stimuli. with an increasing appreciation of ho ... | 2003 | 12684534 |
| direct sequencing and pcr mapping of integrons reveals multiple class 1 integrons in the multiresistant strain enterobacter cloacae sch88040794. | we have characterized the variable region of three integrons found in the multiresistant strain enterobacter cloacae sch88040794, using polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing of amplicons. the first integron has the gene cassette arrangement dfrai-aada1 in its variable region and the second aadb-oxa9. the third integron is in40 (aaca4-qacf-cmlb-oxa9), which has recently been described. the multiresistance expressed by this strain to amikacin, gentamicin, trimethoprim, sulfonamides, oxac ... | 2003 | 12694911 |
| role of beta-lactam carboxyl group on binding of penicillins and cephalosporins to class c beta-lactamases. | molecular models for the henry michaelis complexes of enterobacter cloacae, a class c beta-lactamase, with penicillin g and cephalotin have been constructed by using molecular mechanic calculations, based on the amber force field, to examine the molecular differentiation mechanisms between cephalosporins and penicillins in beta-lactamases. ser318ala and thr316ala mutations in both complexes and asn346ala and thr316ala/asn346ala double mutation in penicillin g complex have also been studied. resu ... | 2003 | 12696055 |
| factors influencing gene expression and resistance for gram-negative organisms expressing plasmid-encoded ampc genes of enterobacter origin. | high-level expression of ampc beta-lactamases results in organisms resistant to multiple beta-lactam antibiotics. the mechanism of chromosomally mediated ampc resistance has been elucidated, however the mechanism(s) driving plasmid-encoded ampc resistance are unknown. studies were designed to identify factors which influence expression of plasmid-encoded ampc genes and correlate these factors with resistance. as the model system, ampc genes of enterobacter origin were used to determine how gene ... | 2003 | 12697654 |
| in vitro and in vivo activities of am-112, a novel oxapenem. | am-112 [(1'r,5r,6r)-3-(4-amino-1,1-dimethyl-butyl)-6-(1'-hydroxyethyl)oxapenem-3-carboxylate] is a novel oxapenem compound which possesses potent beta-lactamase-inhibitory properties. fifty-percent inhibitory concentrations (ic(50)s) of am-112 for class a enzymes were between 0.16 and 2.24 micro m for three enzymes, compared to ic(50)s of 0.008 to 0.12 micro m for clavulanic acid. against class c and class d enzymes, however, the activity of am-112 was between 1,000- and 100,000-fold greater tha ... | 2003 | 12709336 |
| trends in antimicrobial susceptibilities among enterobacteriaceae isolated from hospitalized patients in the united states from 1998 to 2001. | longitudinal surveillance of enterobacteriaceae for antimicrobial susceptibility is important because species of this family are among the most significant and prevalent human pathogens. to estimate rates of in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility among hospitalized patients in the united states, data from the surveillance network were studied for 14 agents tested against 10 species of enterobacteriaceae (n = 384,279) isolated from intensive-care-unit (icu) patients and non-icu inpatients from 199 ... | 2003 | 12709339 |
| burkholderia is highly resistant to human beta-defensin 3. | the bactericidal activity of the novel beta-defensin hbd-3 against 28 species and 55 strains of gram-positive cocci and gram-negative fermentative and nonfermentative rods was tested. all strains proved to be highly or intermediately susceptible to hbd-3 (minimal bactericidal concentration [mbc], </=50 micro g/ml), except for burkholderia cepacia, for all 23 tested strains of which mbcs were >100 micro g/ml. | 2003 | 12709350 |
| in vitro synergy studies using aztreonam and fluoroquinolone combinations against six species of gram-negative bacilli. | combination antimicrobial therapy is often necessary to eradicate infections caused by gram-negative bacteria. | 2003 | 12714810 |
| a flow-cytometric gram-staining technique for milk-associated bacteria. | a gram-staining technique combining staining with two fluorescent stains, oregon green-conjugated wheat germ agglutinin (wga) and hexidium iodide (hi) followed by flow-cytometric detection is described. wga stains gram-positive bacteria while hi binds to the dna of all bacteria after permeabilization by edta and incubation at 50 degrees c for 15 min. for wga to bind to gram-positive bacteria, a 3 m potassium chloride solution was found to give the highest fluorescence intensity. a total of 12 st ... | 2003 | 12732558 |
| development of a plating medium for selection of helicobacter pylori from water samples. | the goal of this study was to develop a simple plating medium to allow large-scale screening of water samples for the presence of helicobacter pylori. five conventional plating media (brain heart infusion, brucella agar, columbia blood agar base, campylobacter agar kit skirrow, and hpspa medium), each containing a commercial antibiotic supplement, were initially evaluated. eight strains selected as common waterborne organisms (acinetobacter, aeromonas, bacillus, escherichia coli, enterobacter, e ... | 2003 | 12732566 |
| polymorphism in the yclc-rpos region of enterobacteria. | the nucleotide sequence downstream from the rpos gene in enterobacter cloacae and kluyvera cryocrescens contains the slya-pad1-yclc genes. the dna sequence of enterobacter cloacae cetc960 shows a 2.6-kb insertion of unknown origin between rpos and slya. this 2.6-kb sequence has also been detected in species of salmonella and in pseudomonas aeruginosa, but not in the same location. this insertion has been detected in all the enterobacter cloacae clinical strains studied although the size of the r ... | 2003 | 12732965 |
| development of a lightcycler pcr assay for detection and quantification of aspergillus fumigatus dna in clinical samples from neutropenic patients. | the increasing incidence of invasive aspergillosis, a life-threatening infection in immunocompromised patients, emphasizes the need to improve the diagnostic tools for this disease. we established a lightcycler-based real-time pcr assay to detect and quantify rapidly, specifically, and sensitively aspergillus fumigatus dna in both bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) and blood samples from high-risk patients. the primers and hybridization probes were derived from an a. fumigatus-specific sequence of the ... | 2003 | 12734210 |
| quality control for beta-lactam susceptibility testing with a well-defined collection of enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas aeruginosa strains in spain. | eighteen enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, 16 of them with well-defined beta-lactam resistance mechanisms, were sent to 52 spanish microbiology laboratories. interpretative categories for 8 extended-spectrum beta-lactams were collected. participating laboratories used their own routine susceptibility testing procedures (88% automatic systems, 10% disk diffusion, and 2% agar dilution). control results were established by two independent reference laboratories by applying the ... | 2003 | 12734226 |
| evaluation of the vitek 2 id-gnb assay for identification of members of the family enterobacteriaceae and other nonenteric gram-negative bacilli and comparison with the vitek gni+ card. | we evaluated the vitek 2 id-gnb identification card (biomérieux, inc., durham, n.c.) for its ability to identify members of the family enterobacteriaceae and other gram-negative bacilli that are isolated in clinical microbiology laboratories. using 482 enteric stock cultures and 103 strains of oxidase-positive, gram-negative glucose-fermenting and nonfermenting bacilli that were maintained at -70 degrees c and passaged three times before use, we inoculated cards according to the manufacturer's d ... | 2003 | 12734254 |
| extended-spectrum beta-lactamase enzymes in clinical isolates of enterobacter species from lagos, nigeria. | over a 9-month period, 8 of 40 nonduplicate isolates of enterobacter spp. producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl) were detected for the first time from two hospitals in lagos, nigeria. microbiologic and molecular analysis confirmed the presence of esbl. only four isolates transferred esbl resistance as determined by the conjugation test, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis showed genetically unrelated isolates. | 2003 | 12734278 |