Publications

mold allergy in adana, turkey.	in order to investigate the possible role of molds in respiratory allergy, skin prick tests with the extracts of 19 different fungi were applied to 614 respiratory allergic patients. indoor mold samples of some of these mold sensitive patients are also presented. most of the patients (72.6%) had extrinsic asthma while 27.4% having allergic rhinitis. the diagnosis was based on history, clinical examination and skin prick test which was done according to peppy's method. aspergillus fumigatus was t ...	1994	8059675
aspergillus brain abscess complicating allergic aspergillus sinusitis.		1994	8064081
[detection of aspergillus fumigatus dna by polymerase chain reaction in the clinical samples from individuals with pulmonary aspergillosis].	aspergillosis is a disastrous cause of mortality and morbidity in patients in an immunocompromised state and old lung tuberculosis. however, the diagnosis of aspergillosis remains unsettled. in the present study, we developed a test to detect the aspergillus fumigatus dna using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in clinical samples including sputum and bronchial aspirations from the patients with aspergillosis. we selected 2 pairs of oligonucleotide primers and the dna for the small subunit ribosom ...	1994	8065031
aspergillosis infection in neurosurgical practice.	fungal infections including those due to aspergillus are rare in neurosurgical practice despite their possible inclusion in many differential diagnoses. recently, these diseases have been diagnosed with increasing frequency, principally as opportunistic infections in patients undergoing treatment for diseases resulting in immune compromise. the epidemiology is poorly understood as mycoses are not notifiable diseases. we have recently been involved in the care of seven patients with aspergillosis ...	1994	8011191
[subcutaneous swelling of infectious origin on the instep of the foot in an immunosuppressed patient].		1994	8011702
aspergillus fumigatus pneumonia in neutropenic patients receiving fluconazole for infection due to candida species: is amphotericin b combined with fluconazole the appropriate answer?		1994	8011849
chemical and immunological analysis of the aspergillus fumigatus cell wall.	hyphal-wall preparations of aspergillus fumigatus have been analysed by sequential treatment with koh, nitrous acid and again with koh. by acidification of the alkali-soluble extract, a polyglucose was precipitated which showed an x-ray diffraction pattern similar to that of (1-->3)-alpha-glucan. the remainder of the alkali-soluble fraction was precipitated with ethanol; it contained all the mannose, galactose and protein of the wall and, in addition, 6.2% of the amino sugars. this wall-associat ...	1994	8012598
structural determination of n-2'-hydroxyoctadecenoyl-1-o-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-9-methyl-4, 8-sphingadienine from species of aspergillus.	ceramide monohexosides from aspergillus fumigatus 2140 and 2109 strains and aspergillus versicolor 550 strain, obtained by silica gel 60, and iatrobeads chromatography were analysed using high-resolution 1d-, 2d-1h-nmr and 13c-nmr spectroscopy and fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (fab-ms). the ceramide monohexoside fraction (cmh) from a. fumigatus 2140 and a. versicolor 550 was identified as glucosylceramide, whereas glucose and galactose were present at a ratio of 1:1 in the cmh of a. fu ...	1994	8013053
[current aspects of fungal spores allergy].	in industrialized countries the prevalence of allergic inhalant diseases is some 15-20%. more than 10% of these individuals are sensitized to fungal allergens. many fungal spores are less than 10 microns in size, which permits penetration into the smaller airways of the lung. bronchial provocation tests have demonstrated that fungal spores and spore extracts can cause both an early and a late phase reaction in sensitive subjects. over 80 genera of fungi have been associated with symptoms of resp ...	1994	8016603
computed tomographic scanning of the lung in patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and in asthmatic patients with a positive skin test to aspergillus fumigatus.	allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis is a disease of asthmatic patients which may follow a protracted course and result in chronic lung damage such as central bronchiectasis. in asthma uncomplicated by allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, in particular in asthmatic patients with immediate hypersensitivity type skin reactions to aspergillus fumigatus, the incidence of bronchiectasis is uncertain.	1994	8016796
computed tomography (ct) in the diagnosis of sinus aspergillosis.	19 patients with radiodense sinus concretions found on standard radiography underwent a preoperative computed tomographic examination of the sinus maxillaris and the sinus concretions. 13 patients (68.4%) with the occurrence of radiodense concretions presented postoperative histologically and microbiologically diagnosed sinus aspergillosis infection. in 13 patients, the sinus concretions had a density higher than 2000 hu (hounsfield unit) and 6 patients had concretions with a density lower than ...	1994	8021320
environmental sampling for aspergilli during building construction on a hospital site.	during the course of extensive building activity at guy's hospital, london, air sampling was carried out weekly, for one year, to monitor the frequency of spores of aspergillus spp. in both the hospital grounds and a number of defined ward areas. nasal swabs were taken from patients on a selected ward to assess the nasal carriage of aspergillus. the weather conditions were monitored at the time of sampling. the predominant species was aspergillus fumigatus which occurred at a low frequency throu ...	1994	7910180
asp f i cd4+ th2-like t-cell lines in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.	allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (abpa) is a hypersensitivity lung disease caused by bronchial colonization with aspergillus fumigatus (af) characterized by elevated serum total and af-specific ige levels and eosinophilia. in order to examine t-cell reactivity to af antigens, six t-cell lines were established from the peripheral blood of patients with abpa to asp f i, an 18 kd protein purified from af extracts. the asp f i-specific t-cell lines, analyzed by flow cytometry, were 100% cd3+ ...	1994	7914901
molecular epidemiological study of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in a renal transplantation unit.	the molecular epidemiology of an outbreak of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis which occurred on a renal transplantation unit was investigated. restriction fragment length polymorphism and random amplified polymorphic dna analyses were used to characterise the isolates of aspergillus fumigatus from the patients (2 isolates from each of 2 patients) and from the environment (11 isolates). while the isolates from the environment could be readily distinguished from each other by both methods, each pa ...	1994	7915233
the aids epidemic.	the nature of the clinical presentation of hiv infection continues to evolve over time. new cutaneous (e.g., seborrheic dermatitis, onychomycosis, and tinea pedis) and systemic (e.g., aspergillus fumigatus and penicillium marneffei) opportunistic fungal infections can now be added to the classic clinical markers for progressive hiv infection, such as kaposi's sarcoma, pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, mycobacterium avium intercellulare infections, and cryptococcal meningitis. the fact that the app ...	1994	7915731
activated t cells and cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavages from patients with various lung diseases associated with eosinophilia.	increasing evidence suggests an important role for cytokines in the regulation of eosinophilic inflammation. in the present study we investigated the distribution of leukocytes, lymphocyte subsets, their activation state, and the cytokine profile present in bal fluid from patients with various lung diseases associated with eosinophilia. for this purpose, we analyzed the levels of il-1 beta, il-2, il-4, il-5, il-6, il-8, gm-csf, tnf-alpha, and ifn-gamma, as well as soluble il-2 and tnf receptors, ...	1994	7921434
primary sternal osteomyelitis by aspergillus fumigatus.		1994	7921771
superoxide anion production in response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide and fungal spores implicated in organic dust toxic syndrome.	high amounts of fungal spores, bacteria, and bacterial endotoxin have been found in dust associated with the poorly characterized syndrome, organic dust toxic syndrome (odts). as part of an ongoing investigation to determine the etiopathogenesis for odts, this study has focused on activation of guinea pig bronchial alveolar lavage (bal) cells as evidenced by the production of superoxide anion in response to fungal spores and lipopolysaccharide (lps). fungal spores from aspergillus candidus, aspe ...	1994	7925197
sterility and the disinfection potential of indian contact lens solutions.	ocular infection associated with microbial contamination of contact lens care products is a major problem in contact lens wearers. the sterility and the antimicrobial activity of contact lens care systems reflect their suitability for disinfection of contact lenses. these factors remain to be evaluated for the various newer contact lens care products manufactured in india. in this study, 35 bottles of contact lens solutions marketed by different manufacturing units in india were tested for steri ...	1994	7927633
molecular cloning and sequencing of the cdna and gene for a novel elastinolytic metalloproteinase from aspergillus fumigatus and its expression in escherichia coli.	an extracellular elastinolytic metalloproteinase, purified from aspergillus fumigatus isolated from an aspergillosis and patient/and an internal peptide derived from it were subjected to n-terminal sequencing. oligonucleotide primers based on these sequences were used to pcr amplify a segment of the metalloproteinase cdna, which was used as a probe to isolate the cdna and gene for this enzyme. the gene sequence matched exactly with the cdna sequence except for the four introns that interrupted t ...	1994	7927676
rodletless mutants of aspergillus fumigatus.	conidia of aspergillus fumigatus adhere in vitro to host proteins and cells via the outer cell wall layer. the roda gene of a. fumigatus was cloned by homology with the roda gene of aspergillus nidulans, which is involved in the structure of the rodlets characteristic of the surface layer. the a. fumigatus roda protein sequence has 85% similarity to that of a. nidulans roda; the sequence codes for a hydrophobin, a low-molecular-weight protein moderately hydrophobic and rich in cysteines. the gen ...	1994	7927699
hyp1, a hydrophobin gene from aspergillus fumigatus, complements the rodletless phenotype in aspergillus nidulans.	aspergillus fumigatus produces conidia that are highly dispersable and resistant to degradation. we have sought to analyze these properties by studying the rodlets which form the outer spore coat protein. degenerate primers based on hydrophobins in other fungi were applied to genomic dna from a. fumigatus in pcr. a product of this reaction with similarity to an aspergillus nidulans gene as judged by southern hybridization was chosen for further study. cloning and sequencing revealed a gene with ...	1994	7927700
general primer-mediated pcr for detection of aspergillus species.	a pcr assay was developed for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients. for this purpose, the complete nucleotide sequences of the genes encoding the 18s rrna of aspergillus nidulans, aspergillus terreus, aspergillus niger, and aspergillus flavus were elucidated and aligned to the sequences of aspergillus fumigatus and other clinically relevant prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms. genus-specific sequences could be identified in the v7 to v9 region of 18s rrna. ...	1994	7929762
antifungal activity of elutriated human monocytes against aspergillus fumigatus hyphae: enhancement by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interferon-gamma.	human monocytes are important effector cells in host defenses against aspergillus hyphae, and as elutriated monocytes (ehm) they may be transfused in large quantities to leukopenic patients with invasive aspergillosis. the antifungal activity of ehm against aspergillus hyphae was compared with that of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmnl). the effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (gm-csf) and interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) on superoxide anion (o2-) release and on hyphal damage ...	1994	7930733
comparison of in vitro antifungal activity of itraconazole and hydroxy-itraconazole by colorimetric mtt assay.	the in vitro antifungal activities of itraconazole and its active hydroxyl metabolite, hydroxy-itraconazole (r 63372), against aspergillus fumigatus, candida albicans and cryptococcus neoformans were compared by visual assessment of growth as well as by colorimetric mtt [3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2h tetrazolium bromide] assay using microtitre plates containing four different media. minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) end points determined by the colorimetric mtt assay correlat ...	1994	7935588
effect of essential oil of hyssopus officinalis on the lipid composition of aspergillus fumigatus.	addition of the essential oil of hyssopus officinalis to the culture medium of aspergillus fumigatus induced alterations in both growth and lipid composition of this mould. total lipids and sterols were reduced, whereas total phospholipids were increased. there were alterations in the proportions of fatty acids, neutral lipid and phospholipid fractions.	1994	7935731
invasive multiple sinusitis by aspergillus fumigatus in a patient with aids.		1994	7948163
clinical aspects of fungal infection in organ transplant recipients.	fungal infections following solid organ transplantation remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality. candida species and aspergillus fumigatus continue to account for the majority of these infections, although the attack rate is higher among recipients of organs other than kidneys because those patients receive more immunosuppressive therapy. although amphotericin b remains the drug of choice for treatment of invasive aspergillosis, its toxicity profile limits its widespread use. recent expe ...	1994	7948569
hydrocortisone-enhanced growth of aspergillus spp.: implications for pathogenesis.	aspergillus fumigatus and aspergillus flavus are the most common cause of invasive mould infections worldwide and carry a high mortality. corticosteroid therapy and cushing's disease are associated with an increase in invasive aspergillosis. corticosteroids impair immune function in mammals and, specifically, the conidicidal activity of human macrophages, which was thought to be sufficient explanation for this increased risk. however, we have found a 30-40% increase in growth rate of a. fumigatu ...	1994	7952197
development of immune responses to aspergillus at an early age in children with cystic fibrosis.	although the ability of aspergillus organisms to colonize the respiratory tract in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) is well recognized, the contribution of aspergillus to the disease process is poorly understood. using sera from 147 cf patients (age 5 to 43 yr), we measured ige antibody (ab) to aspergillus fumigatus and five common inhalant allergens with a radioallergosorbent test (rast). total ige levels and igg ab to radio-labeled asp f i, an allergen purified from a. fumigatus and a potent ...	1994	7952609
display of expression products of cdna libraries on phage surfaces. a versatile screening system for selective isolation of genes by specific gene-product/ligand interaction.	techniques for cloning cdnas from bacteriophage libraries immobilised on solid supports are well established. however, these techniques do not allow selective enrichment of clones expressing proteins of interest. screening of cdna libraries would be simplified if the proteins encoded by cdnas could be expressed on the surface of phage. phage carrying genes encoding proteins for which a ligand is available can be selected directly by affinity interaction [crameri, r. & suter, m. (1993) gene (amst ...	1994	7957259
pulmonary superinfection with strongyloides stercoralis in an immunocompromised retired coal miner.		1994	7957278
virulence of aspergillus fumigatus double mutants lacking restriction and an alkaline protease in a low-dose model of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.	to investigate the pathogenicity of aspergillus fumigatus mutants lacking putative virulence factors, we have developed a new murine model of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis based on neutropenia, the major factor predisposing patients to this infection. mice were treated with cyclophosphamide and inoculated by the intranasal route with 5 x 10(3) conidia, a significant reduction from inoculum levels used in previous models. evidence for the production of the extracellular alkaline protease (alp) ...	1994	7960101
virulence studies of aspergillus nidulans mutants requiring lysine or p-aminobenzoic acid in invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.	to identify steps in fungal intermediary metabolism required by aspergillus spp. during invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, we have developed murine models involving aspergillus nidulans as the inoculum. the advantages of using a. nidulans over aspergillus fumigatus or aspergillus flavus, which are the most common agents of clinical disease, are the well-understood genetics of a. nidulans and a large range of mutants of this species which are affected in a variety of metabolic pathways. comparison ...	1994	7960102
chemical and immunological characterization of the extracellular galactomannan of aspergillus fumigatus.	the galactomannan (gm) produced extracellularly by aspergillus fumigatus has been purified by a double sequential hydrazine-nitrous acid treatment of the ethanol precipitate of the culture filtrate. nuclear magnetic resonance and gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis have been performed on intact gm, acid-hydrolyzed gm, and oligomers resulting from the acetolysis of the acid-hydrolyzed gm. results show that a. fumigatus gm is composed of a linear mannan core with an alpha-(1-2)-li ...	1994	7960122
wf11899a, b and c, novel antifungal lipopeptides. ii. biological properties.	wf11899a, b and c, novel water-soluble lipopeptides related to the echinocandins, possess potent anti-candida activities. the ic50s of the compounds against four clinical isolates of candida albicans ranged from 0.004 to 0.03 microgram/ml by microbroth dilution assay. these compounds mildly suppressed the growth of aspergillus fumigatus and a. niger. wf11899a, b and c showed a potent in vivo anti-candida activity. particularly, wf11899a was superior to cilofungin, and equal to fluconazole. 1,3-b ...	1994	7961157
management of pulmonary aspergillosis in aids: an emerging clinical problem.	to review the clinical, radiographic, and therapeutic features of 11 cases of respiratory aspergillus infection in patients with aids.	1994	7962648
ige and eosinophil regulation in a murine model of allergic aspergillosis.	exposure of balb/c mice to aspergillus fumigatus (af), the antigen responsible for causing allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in humans, caused elevated levels of serum immunoglobulin e (ige) and peripheral blood and lung eosinophilia similar to that observed in the human disease. we have investigated the role of interleukin-4 (il-4), il-5 and interferon-gamma in regulating ige and eosinophilia in the mouse model. animals were immunized by intraperitoneal injections of soluble af antigens a ...	1994	7964167
sigmoidins j and k, two new prenylated isoflavonoids from erythrina sigmoidea.	in addition to the two known compounds neotautenol [2] and erythrinassinate b [4], two new compounds, an isoflavanone named sigmoidin j [1] and a coumestan derivative named sigmoidin k [3], have been isolated and characterized from the root bark of the cameroonian medicinal plant erythrina sigmoidea. their structures have been established as 7, 4'-dihydroxy-2',5'-dimethoxy-6'(gamma, gamma-dimethylally)isoflavanone [1] and 3,9-dihydroxy-2,10-(gamma, gamma dimethylallyl) coumestan [3], respectivel ...	1994	7964799
invasive aspergillosis: clusters and sources?	clusters of invasive infection with aspergillus fumigatus are known to be associated with building works but studying the epidemiology has been hampered by the lack of a reliable typing system. a combination of three typing systems; silver staining of sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gels, immunoblot fingerprinting, and random amplification of polymorphic dna (rapd) was applied to seven cases on a haematology unit. the results show three of the patients to have indistinguishable isolates, ...	1994	7965492
western blot detection of igg anti-aspergillus fumigatus elastase in sera of patients with aspergillosis.	anti-aspergillus fumigatus alkaline protease igg was investigated by western blot. specific igg antibodies were detected in sera of two of nine patients with proven or highly probable invasive aspergillosis and in sera of one of eight patients with proven or highly probable allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. no response was obtained in sera of 23 control patients. the specific but transient igg response to this induced enzyme does not recommend its use as sole serodiagnostic aid.	1994	7965494
aspergillus spondylodiscitis: successful conservative treatment in 9 cases.	to assess the effectiveness of medical treatment by clinical, radiological, and biological analysis of outcome in 9 patients with aspergillus spondylodiscitis.	1994	7966071
[spontaneous course of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis].	this case report illustrates the spontaneous course of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (abpa). the x-ray images cover a time-frame of nearly 20 years. all of the main criteria of abpa are fulfilled. despite intermittent oral corticosteroid treatment, recurrent eosinophilic infiltrates of the lungs occurred. new strategies in diagnosis and treatment of abpa are discussed.	1994	7973517
rise in total ige as an indicator of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in cystic fibrosis.	allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis is a serious complication of cystic fibrosis and may be difficult to diagnose. the aim of this study was to define the usefulness of measuring total ige compared with other major criteria in the diagnosis of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in children with cystic fibrosis.	1994	7974292
microbiologic contamination of peripheral blood stem cell autografts.	we have determined the incidence and clinical significance of positive microbiologic cultures in a series of 290 peripheral blood stem cell concentrates in 95 patients undergoing multiple apheresis procedures for autologous stem cell rescue. specimens for bacterial cultures were obtained after processing of the autografts just prior to freezing. the incidence of microbial contamination was 4.5% (n = 13). the predominant pathogenic microorganism cultured was coagulase-negative staphylococcus (n = ...	1994	7975449
morphological effects of lipopeptides against aspergillus fumigatus correlate with activities against (1,3)-beta-d-glucan synthase.	the lipopeptide antifungal agents, echinocandins, papulacandins, and pneumocandins, kill candida albicans by inhibiting glucan synthesis. for this fungus, there is a good correlation of in vitro enzyme inhibition with in vitro assays of mics. semisynthetic lipopeptides such as cilofungin, ly303366, l-693,989, and l-733,560 have activity in vivo against aspergillus infections but appear to be inactive in broth dilution in vitro tests (mics, > 128 micrograms/ml). to understand how compounds which ...	1994	7979276
serological survey of infections in waterfowl in the guadalquivir marshes (spain).	a serological survey was performed in the guadalquivir marshes (southern spain) in order to determine the presence and diffusion of six infective agents in wild waterfowl. the analysis covered 712 waterfowl from 13 species belonging to five taxa (podicipediformes, ciconiiformes, anseriformes, gruiformes, and charadriiformes). a range of immunological techniques led to detection of antibodies against the six infective agents studied: chlamydia psittaci (13.3%), mycoplasma anatis (3.5%), pasteurel ...	1994	7980291
bidirectional gene transfer between aspergillus fumigatus and aspergillus nidulans.	a genomic dna library was constructed from a pathogenic strain of aspergillus fumigatus using the cosmid vector pcosax. cosmid clones with homologies to the roda, brla, flug, flba or trpc genes from a. nidulans were isolated from the library. each a. fumigatus clone was used to complement a strain of a. nidulans with a mutation in the homologous gene. a spontaneous white spored strain of a. fumigatus was isolated. the mutation was complemented by transforming the strain with a plasmid containing ...	1994	7988865
microbial transformations of steroids--viii. transformation of progesterone by whole cells and microsomes of aspergillus fumigatus.	the filamentous fungus, aspergillus fumigatus, efficiently hydroxylated exogenous progesterone producing, after 3 h of incubation, 11 alpha- and 15 beta-hydroxyprogesterone as major products, 7 beta-hydroxyprogesterone as a minor product and trace amounts of 7 beta, 15 beta- and 11 alpha, 15 beta-dihydroxyprogesterone. after 72 h the dihydroxyprogesterones were the sole metabolites in the culture medium. microsomes, prepared by ca2+ precipitation, catalysed only monohydroxylation of progesterone ...	1994	8003446
particulate aspergillus fumigatus antigens elicit a th2 response in balb/c mice.	in order to understand the immunoregulation in allergic aspergillosis, a murine model was developed by exposing animals to particulate and soluble antigens of aspergillus fumigatus.	1994	8006306
heterologous expression of the cytotoxin restriction in aspergillus nidulans and aspergillus niger.	the cdna clone of restrictocin was placed under the control of the glucoamylase promoter from aspergillus awamori and was transformed into aspergillus nidulans and aspergillus niger. site-specific changes were introduced into cdna constructs and these were transformed into a. nidulans. the secretion signal sequence was deleted from one form of the gene and three mutations introduced single amino acid substitutions into the protein. culture conditions were optimized for maximum expression levels ...	1994	7827506
aspergillus fumigatus keratitis with intraocular invasion in 15-day-old chicks.	eye infections were initially observed in single-comb white leghorn breeder chicks at 5 days of age, and morbidity increased from 0.05% to 1.5% after debeaking at 7 days of age. all chicks necropsied at 15 days of age had cheesy yellow exudate within the conjunctival sac of one eye and small (1 mm diameter) white nodular lesions in lungs and on thoracic air-sac membranes. histopathologic examination of the eyes revealed septate fungal hyphae and inflammatory cells in the anterior chamber, cornea ...	1994	7832725
value of antigen and antibody detection in the serological diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in patients with hematological malignancies.	in a study to determine the value of antigen and antibody detection in the serological diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in patients with hematological malignancies, 436 sequential serum samples from 79 neutropenic patients were tested. circulating galactomannan antigen was detected with a latex agglutination method (pastorex aspergillus) and antibody to aspergillus fumigatus with an immunodiffusion test on agar gel. among the 79 patients 18 cases of invasive aspergillosis were detected (4 pro ...	1994	7843181
experimental aspergillosis in guinea pigs: influence of itraconazole on fungaemia and invasive fungal growth.	the guinea pig model of experimental aspergillosis was used to evaluate the efficacy of itraconazole 2.5 and 5 mg kg-1 in preventing the invasive phase of the disease when animals were already loaded with aspergillus conidia. evaluations were made by recording the survival rates, culturing fragments of nine organs, examining seven organs by means of histochemistry and immunohistochemistry (mab eb-a1 to aspergillus galactomannan) and by serological titration of galactomannan. the data indicate th ...	1994	7845416
successful treatment of cerebral aspergillosis by stereotactic operation and antifungal therapy.	the following is a case report of a cerebral aspergillus abscess in a male patient predisposed to this disease on account of many years of alcohol abuse. after timely identification of the pathogenic organism, the patient was cured by stereotactic operation in conjunction with antifungal therapy using amphotericin b and 5-fluorocytosine. the origin and the starting point of the infection remain obscure.	1994	7845417
molecular genetics of aspergillus pathogenicity.	aspergillus fumigatus is the most frequent cause of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (ipa), a life-threatening disease of immunosuppressed patients. in addition to a number of general physiological attributes of this fungus, it has been suggested that extracellular elastase and toxins might facilitate its growth in lung tissue. we have investigated the roles of two extracellular proteins, an alkaline protease with elastase activity (afalp), and the ribotoxin restrictocin in murine models of ipa. ...	1994	7847892
osteomyelitis caused by neosartorya pseudofischeri.	the first case of osteomyelitis caused by neosartorya pseudofischeri is reported. the patient, a 77-year-old male with a history of silicosis and tuberculosis, on x-ray examination revealed lytic lesions of l2 and l3 vertebrae suspicious for metastatic lesions. histologic examination of biopsy specimens from vertebral bodies showed short, distorted, extra- and intracellular, hyaline hyphal fragments. the culture from the biopsy tissue produced numerous, evanescent asci containing eight ellipsoid ...	1994	7852580
[therapy with ciclopirox lacquer of onychomycoses caused by molds].	60 patients, suffering from an onychomycosis produced by molds were treated for a maximum of 6 months with ciclopirox nail lacquer (8%). these molds determined by culture were scopulariopsis brevicaulis (51 x), aspergillus niger (6 x), aspergillus fumigatus (2 x) and hendersonula toruloidea. anamnesis gave no hints, why molds were the causing fungi of onychomycosis. the achieved mycological cure rate was determined with 90% (culture) respectively 85% (koh preparation). the local treatment with c ...	1994	7854374
effects of pidotimod on macrophage functions in methylprednisolone-treated mice.	cd-1 mice were treated with methylprednisolone (mpdn) 2-5 mg/kg s.c., for 11 or 6 days, in order to achieve an immunosuppressed state. for the same length of time a group of mice also received pidotimod ((r)-3-[(s)-(5-oxo-2-pyrrolidinyl) carbonyl]-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid. pgt/1a, cas 121808-62-6) i.p. at 100 or 10 mg/kg. at the end of treatment, peritoneal macrophages (mo) were recovered, purified by adherence to plastic and activated in vitro with different stimuli. after 24 h of incubat ...	1994	7857336
[pulmonary aspergillosis diagnosed with blood culture].		1994	7865561
aspergillus peritonitis in a continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patient. case report and review of the literature.	aspergillus peritonitis is a rare but treatable complication of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. we report a case of aspergillus peritonitis in a continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patient and review the nine other cases reported in the literature. the course was often insidious, and the clinical manifestation and laboratory findings were similar to those of bacterial peritonitis. the distinctive feature of these cases was the persistence of symptoms despite broad-spectrum antib ...	1994	7867312
[tools, progress and questions in the molecular study of aspergillus fumigatus and invasive aspergillosis].	development of a. fumigatus in the host tissues is due to the intrinsic biological characteristics of this fungus and to the impairment of the cellular defence reactions of the host. however, even today the understanding of the factors governing the infectivity of a. fumigatus remains very limited. for example, the cellular mechanisms involved in the killing of a. fumigatus are still not elucidated. the cellular site(s) of infection and the role of the different lung epithelia in the establishme ...	1994	7877854
[mechanisms and implications of the adhesion phenomenon in aspergillus fumigatus].	during the last few years, several works have demonstrated the fixation of different host proteins on aspergillus fumigatus conidia. thus, after incubation in the presence of normal human plasma, the c3 component of complement is detected at the surface of conidia. in fact, most of the c3 deposited on conidia is converted in c3b or ic3b which would facilitate their phagocytosis by the macrophages. in the non immune host, the activation of the alternative pathway seems to be the main mechanism of ...	1994	7877855
[aspergillosis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome].	from 1983 to 1991 only isolated cases of aspergillosis in aids patients were reported; since 1991, an increasing number of cases have been reported suggesting a recent emergence of this fungal infection. aspergillosis occurs about 10 to 25 months after aids diagnosis in patients with cd4 below 50/mm3. neutropenia and/or steroid therapy, which are known as predisposing factors in aspergillosis, are noticed in about one half of the patients. previous pulmonary infection, especially pneumocystosis, ...	1994	7877856
immune responses to aspergillus fumigatus and pseudomonas aeruginosa antigens in cystic fibrosis and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.	allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (abpa) in cystic fibrosis (cf) is well documented. aspergillus fumigatus is the causative agent of abpa, and pseudomonas aeruginosa particularly the mucoid variety has been frequently isolated from the sputum of patients with cf. this study investigates the cellular and humoral immune response to both a fumigatus and p aeruginosa antigens in patients with cf and abpa (cf/abpa), cf only, and healthy controls. the a fumigatus and p aeruginosa antigen specifi ...	1994	7774329
allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis: review of 20 cases.	an account of clinical, radiological and laboratory findings in 20 cases of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, seen over a period of 6 years is presented. all patients showed blood eosinophilia (with 30% having an absolute eosinophil count (aec) of over 2000 mm3) and a positive immediate skin reaction. however, dual skin reaction with aspergillus fumigatus antigen was observed in 7 (35%) cases. serum precipitins against a. fumigatus antigen was detected in all cases while culture of sputum ...	1994	7774964
morphological and colour mutants of aspergillus fumigatus.	by using the scanning electron microscope the morphological deviations of 17 colour mutants of aspergillus fumigatus were characterized. these mutants originated by genetic blocks in various stages of conidiophores and conidia differentiation. the complementation test was carried out with the light-pigmented mutants. the group of allelic strains was found and 4 diploid strains were isolated.	1994	7778497
ems induced morphological and thermo-sensitive mutants of aspergillus fumigatus.	the sensibility of the strain as-f2 aspergillus fumigatus to ems was determined by using the scale of doses. seventeen thermo-sensitive or thermotolerant morphological mutants with decreased sporulation and growth rate as compared with a wild strain was isolated. their more detailed characteristic will be a contents of our further paper.	1994	7778511
prophylaxis of candida and aspergillus infections with oral administration of itraconazole.	the broad-spectrum oral triazole antifungal, itraconazole, has been shown to be effective in the treatment of superficial and systemic infections with fungi including candida albicans, c. krusei and c. glabrata, cryptococcus, aspergillus, histoplasma, blastomyces and others. its broad spectrum of activity, high and persistent tissue levels and favourable safety profile suggest that it may be appropriate for the prevention of opportunistic fungal infections in at-risk patients. in this study, itr ...	1994	7739653
discrepancies between mic and mlc values of amphotericin b against isolates of aspergillus species.	there is little information addressing the phenomena of discrepancy between minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic) and minimal lethal concentrations (mlc) values of amphotericin b (amb) to clinical isolates of fungi. this study assessed in vitro activity of amb against 70 clinical isolates of aspergilli: 30 strains of aspergillus fumigatus, 20 strains of aspergillus flavus and 20 strains of aspergillus niger. susceptibility tests were accomplished using a macro broth dilution procedure, with sp ...	1994	7739726
[six cases of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis].	six cases of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (abpa) were evaluated. in four cases, diagnosis and steroid therapy were delayed, which resulted in irreversible pulmonary dysfunction. the important points for early diagnosis were: (1) differentiation from pulmonary tuberculosis, (2) the presence of bronchial asthma was not essential for diagnosis, and (3) fungi other than aspergillus fumigatus might cause this syndrome.	1994	7799552
airway stenoses after lung transplantation: management with expanding metal stents.	success in lung transplantation has been hindered by airway complications, usually as a result of anastomotic ischemia and stenosis. we report our experience with expanding metal stents in managing airway stenoses after lung transplantation. from april 1984 through november 1993, 46 single lung, 5 double lung, and 154 heart-lung transplantations were performed at papworth hospital. all patients received immunosuppression with azathioprine, cyclosporine, methylprednisolone, and induction antithym ...	1994	7803417
aspergillus discitis with acute disc abscess.	aspergillus osteomyelitis of the vertebral body and disc space is rare. this report discusses a case that occurred in an immunosuppressed 29-year-old man and reviews the pertinent medical literature.	1994	7809759
prenylated isoflavanone from the roots of erythrina sigmoidea.	a novel prenylated isoflavanone, sigmoidin i, has been isolated from the roots of erythrina sigmoidea, in addition to the known isoflavones, corylin and neobavaisoflavone and the known pterocarpan, phaseollidin. its structure was established as 7,4'-dihydroxy-3'-methoxy-5'-(3-methylbut-2-enyl) isoflavanone by means of spectroscopic analyses and chemical transformations. neobavaisoflavone displayed antifungal potency in vitro with minimum inhibitory concentrations against aspergillus fumigatus an ...	1994	7765206
specific detection of aspergillus and penicillium species from respiratory specimens by polymerase chain reaction (pcr).	a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method capable of detecting both aspergillus fumigatus infections, pulmonary non-fumigatus aspergillus species (spp.) and penicillium spp. from clinical specimens was established. the primer pair was designed on the basis of the sequence of the 18s-ribosomal rna gene of a. fumigatus and p. notatum. a 385 bp product was successfully amplified by this pcr method from all of 12 medically important aspergillus spp. and penicillium spp. (38 strains), but not from hum ...	1994	7823410
allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in patients with cystic fibrosis.	in order to determine the incidence of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (abpa) in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf), we reviewed the records of 236 patients followed up at the duke cf center. sixty patients (25 percent) had colonies of aspergillus fumigatus. these patients were older and had more severe disease as assessed by lower shwachman-kulczycki (s-k) scores than the patients who did not have evidence of a fumigatus. in 15 of the patients with a fumigatus (6.5 percent of the total ...	1994	8275769
isolation and structure of novel defensive peptides from frog skin.	in addition to the highly specific cell-mediated immune system, vertebrates possess an efficient host-defense mechanism against invading microorganisms which involves the synthesis of highly potent antimicrobial peptides with a large spectrum of activity. a 34-residue cationic and amphiphatic peptide, designated dermaseptin i, was recently isolated from the skin of the arboreal frog phyllomedusa sauvagii and was shown to exhibit microbicidal activity against various pathogenic microorganisms inc ...	1994	8306981
atopic children with cystic fibrosis have increased urinary leukotriene e4 concentrations and more severe pulmonary disease.	we investigated the hypothesis that cysteinyl leukotriene (lt) production is altered in atopic patients with cystic fibrosis (cf).	1994	8308175
experimental allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in the mouse: immunological and histological features.	c57bl/6 mice treated with intranasal instillation of 100 micrograms of aspergillus antigen three times a week developed a pulmonary eosinophilia, observed in the bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) and on histopathological examination. at week 3, the instillation of aspergillus antigen provoked a 10-fold increase in the bal cell number and eosinophils were the predominant inflammatory cells (66.4%). histopathological findings showed focal alveolar lesions with peribronchial and perivascular infiltratio ...	1994	8290890
[air sac mycosis: topical treatment using enilconazole administered via indwelling catheter].	in a horse with chronic unilateral nasal discharge guttural pouch mycosis caused by aspergillus fumigatus was diagnosed. a percutaneous indwelling catheter was surgically installed in the left guttural pouch. initial treatment with a povidone iodine solution proved to be unsatisfactory. treatment was continued by administering enilconazole by ways of an indwelling through-the-nose-catheter. the latter treatment resulted in complete recovery.	1994	8291049
hyperimmune serum modulates allergic response to spores in a murine model of allergic aspergillosis.	allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (abpa) is a disease in atopic asthmatics characterized by eosinophilia and elevated levels of immunoglobulin e (ige) and igg antibodies to the ubiquitous fungus aspergillus fumigatus (af). the role of specific antibodies in the disease process is not clear. in this study, balb/c mice were injected with hyperimmune serum from syngeneic mice exposed to soluble antigen of af. these mice were then exposed to either af spores or soluble antigen. total ige, af-s ...	1994	8283139
gastrointestinal aspergillosis and zygomycosis of cattle.	gastrointestinal mycosis was diagnosed in 73 lesions of 32 cattle without a history of engorgement, and tissues of 29 animals were examined histopathologically. the omasum was the target organ for infection, followed by the rumen and reticulum. acute necrohemorrhagic lesions dominated, with infiltration of neutrophils and thrombosis. the etiologic diagnosis was accomplished by indirect immunohistochemical staining of fungal elements with a panel of mono- and polyclonal antibodies raised against ...	1994	8140723
chitin assay in aspergillus fumigatus.	our study is an attempt to make the determination of chitin possible for large amount of samples with high sensitivity and reproducibility. these requirements are fulfilled if using acid hydrolysis to release glucosamine from chitin, evaporating the solution to remove hydrochloric acid, dissolving it in distilled water to obtain optimal concentration and assaying it fluorimetrically. the described method was used for determination of chitin in spores of aspergillus fumigatus.	1994	8714085
[the antibiotic properties of the phytotoxic metabolites of botrytis cinerea pers].	antibiotic properties of substances of a phytotoxic complex from botrytis cinerea have been studied for a number of phytopathogenic bacteria, phytopathogenic and toxigenic fungi as well as saprophytic yeast strains. high fungistatic activity of preparations of phytotoxic metabolites (ptm) has been stated for dendrodochium toxicum, myrothecium verrucaria, m. roridum, aspergillus fumigatus, penicillium urticae, agents of heavy human and cattle mycotoxicoses. the studied representatives of phytopat ...	1995	8714399
use of phenotypic and genotypic fingerprinting methods in the strain identification of aspergillus fumigatus.	aspergillus fumigatus isolates (n = 6) from a lung transplant recipient, one isolate from a patient who had been on the same ward and a reference strain (ncpf 2140) were compared using three typing methods: sds-page, immunoblotting with serum from the transplant patient and random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) assay. neither the sds-page, immunoblot nor rapd assay with single primers revealed differences between the eight isolates. digestion of one primer product with the endonuclease ecori d ...	1995	8720191
peracute disseminated fatal aspergillus fumigatus sepsis as a complication of corticoid-treated systemic lupus erythematosus.	immunocompromised and granulocytopenic patients and those receiving long-term or high-dose corticoid treatment are predisposed to disseminating aspergillus infections. however, aspergillus infection has been described only rarely in patients with autoimmune diseases. we report on a woman suffering from systemic lupus erythematosus treated by antibiotics and high-dose corticosteroids, a primary risk factor, who developed a peracute disseminated fatal aspergillus fumigatus infection involving the ...	1995	8720197
invasive aspergillosis: a life-threatening complication of short-term steroid treatment.	to describe a patient with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis related to short-term steroid treatment.	1995	8672828
ultrastructural alterations produced by sertaconazole on several opportunistic pathogenic fungi.	sertaconazole is a new synthetic antifungal which has shown promising activity against numerous fungi. the morphological changes induced by the drug at two concentrations, the mic and 10 times the mic, during 24 and 48 h on the filamentous opportunistic fungi aspergillus fumigatus, chaetomium atrobrunneum and scedosporium prolificans indicated that the intensity of the ultrastructural breakdown depended on the dose and not on the time of exposure. common severe alterations of many fungal cells, ...	1995	8683408
tools and trends in the detection of aspergillus fumigatus.		1995	8724248
fungal infections in neutropenic patients. a 8-year prospective study.	in this paper we report a eight-year prospective study designed to further characterize incidence, epidemiology, specific syndromes, treatment and prognosis associated with fungal infections in neutropenic patients. during the study period 30 fungal infections were diagnosed in 30 patients among 313 episodes of fever and neutropenia (10%). there were 15 cases of candidiasis, 5 pulmonary aspergillosis, 3 sinusitis by aspergillus fumigatus, 5 infections by fusarium sp., one infection by trichospor ...	1995	8729749
effects of extracts of fiberglass insulations on the growth of aspergillus fumigatus and a. versicolor.	water extracts of thermal and acoustic fiberglass insulations used in the duct work of heating, ventilation and air conditioning (hvac) systems supported germination of conidia and growth of aspergillus versicolor (vuillemin) tiraboschi 1908-9 and aspergillus fumigatus fresenius 1863. urea, formaldehyde and unidentified organics were detected in the extracts. formaldehyde in concentrations similar to those found in the extracts restricted the growth of both species in enriched media. a. versicol ...	1995	8819828
treatment of experimental systemic mycoses with brl 49594a.	brl 49594a (brl) is a water soluble analogue of amphotericin b which has been developed as a polyene with efficacy similar to amphotericin b but with much reduced toxicity. brl was prepared in 5% glucose, and was used to treat mice experimentally infected with aspergillus fumigatus, cryptococcus neoformans, or histoplasma capsulatum. in the models in which brl and amphotericin b were compared, brl was well tolerated but was less effective than a similar regimen of amphotericin b. however, the ab ...	1995	8821599
[chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis in a patient with chronic pulmonary emphysema].	a 67-year-old man with pulmonary emphysema was admitted to the hospital because of left back pain. chest roentgenography revealed an infiltrate in the left upper lobe, with cavitation, mycetoma-like shadows were seen in the cavities about 3 weeks later, and a test for the precipitating antibody to aspergillus fumigatus was positive. chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis (cnpa) was diagnosed, and fluconazole was given. a chest roentgenogram taken 4 weeks later showed resolution of both the ...	1995	8822006
treatment of cerebral aspergillosis with itraconazole: do high doses improve the prognosis?	we describe a 72-year-old woman with chronic asthma who presented with cerebral abscesses due to aspergillus fumigatus after she received treatment with corticosteroids. therapy with high-dose itraconazole (800 mg/d for 5 months, followed by 400 mg/d for an additional 4.5 months) resulted in complete resolution of all lesions. serum concentrations of the drug ranged from 2 micrograms/ml to 30 micrograms/ml. review of 20 cases of cerebral aspergillosis that were treated with itraconazole revealed ...	1995	8749640
aspergillus fumigatus scleritis.	we report a case of scleritis caused by aspergillus fumigatus. the infection was successfully treated with antifungal drugs, cryotherapy and dura mater grafting. a 67-year-old man developed a scleral ulcer 2 months after suffering a trauma in his right eye caused by the branch of a tree. diagnosis was made after biopsy of a scleral nodule. scrapings showed hyphal fragments and cultures were positive for aspergillus fumigatus. although therapy with oral fluconazol and topical amphotericin b was b ...	1995	8751132
one-stage surgical treatment of pulmonary aspergilloma with cavernostomy and muscle transposition flap: a case report.	a 47-year-old female with cough and recurrent haemoptysis was admitted to ratchaburi hospital. chest x-ray revealed a fungal ball in rul. aspergillus fumigatus was diagnosed by fungus culture from the material of the fungus ball. a one-stage cavernostomy was done and the fungus ball was then removed, obliteration of the cavity with intrathoracic transposition of extrathoracic skeletal muscle (latissimus dorsi) was performed. she recovered well, and haemoptysis disappeared. the body weight increa ...	1995	8868015
allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis: serologic update for 1995.	allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (abpa) is a complex disease occurring in 1-2% of patients with asthma involving hypersensitivity to aspergillus species. the diagnosis is made correlating clinical history and supporting serologic tests. over many years various serologic tests have been used to both diagnose and follow disease activity. initial serology from patients with all four positive tests (total serum ige, ige and igg antibody indices, serum precipitins to aspergillus fumigatus) wer ...	1995	8926621
[morphofunctional description of protective cell reactions in aspergillosis].	pathomorphosis of aspergillosis was studied in 160 male guinea pigs which were given intraperitoneally a small dose (50000 conidia per 1 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution) of aspergillus fumigatus. protective cell reactions under condition of a normal immune resistance are described. immunological and mycological methods allowed one to reveal a variability of morphological changes at early stages of aspergillosis and to follow the development of secondary immunodeficiency on the disease da ...	1995	8742184
mechanisms of resistance to azole antifungals.	until the late eighties, clinical resistance to azole antifungals was a rare phenomenon. only a few cases of resistance to ketoconazole were found in patients with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (cmc). the spread of aids and the widespread prophylactic and therapeutic use of the hydrophilic azole compound fluconazole resulted both in the selection and induction of resistant strains and in a shift in the nature of the infecting organisms. most azole antifungals such as itraconazole, ketoconazo ...	1995	8852341
effect of nitric oxide donors on survival of conidia, germination and growth of aspergillus fumigatus in vitro.	the effect of nitric oxide (no) donors on survival of conidia, germination and growth of the opportunistic pathogenic fungus aspergillus fumigatus was investigated. most efficient was sodium nitrite in an acidic milieu (ph 4.5). at a concentration of 5 mmol/l it killed all resting conidia in buffer within 16 h. s-nitroso derivatives of thiols (cysteine, n-acetylcysteine and n-acetylpenicillamine) at the same concentration killed about 30-50% of spores within 24 h. the no scavenger, oxyhemoglobin ...	1995	8919928