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estuarine crocodiles in a tropical coastal floodplain obtain nutrition from terrestrial prey.the estuarine crocodile (crocodylus porosus) is one of the largest and most widespread crocodilians in the world. although considered an apex species, the role of the estuarine crocodile in aquatic foodwebs is poorly understood; we know what crocodiles ingest, but not what nourishes them. in this study, we used a combination of stable isotope measurements (δ13c, δ15n, and δ34s) and direct feeding observations to identify the source of nutrition of estuarine crocodiles in kakadu national park, no ...201829874276
molecular characterization of mhc ii drb3 gene of swamp- and riverine-type water buffaloes.major histocompatibility complex (mhc) is a set of molecular proteins on the surface of antigen presenting cells encoded by a large gene family which are important parts of the immune system. this study was conducted to convey information on the genetic characteristics of the mhc ii drb3 gene in riverine and swamp buffaloes.201931583227
development of cytochrome b, a new candidate gene for a high accuracy detection of fasciola eggs in fecal specimens.fasciolosis among domestic ruminants has resulted in a decrease in the production of milk products and has occasionally led to the deaths of young ruminants due to of acute infections. this study aimed to discriminate between the eggs of fasciola gigantica and other trematode eggs in samples collected from ruminant feces specimens using pcr-based methods with the new candidate gene cytochrome b (cytb). a species-specific primer was developed with a high degree of sensitivity (3.285 pg). the prim ...201931539665
comparative analysis of erythrocyte proteomes of water buffalo, dairy cattle, and beef cattle by shotgun lc-ms/ms.a number of studies have demonstrated that babesia orientalis (b. orientalis) can only infect water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) and not dairy cattle (bos taurus) or beef cattle (bos taurus), even though all three belong to the tribe bovini and have close evolutionary relationships. in addition, babesia species are intracellular protozoans that obligately parasitize in erythrocytes. this may indicate that the infection specificity is due to differences in erythrocyte proteins. totals of 491, 1,143, ...201931681806
characterizing binding sites of heat responsive micrornas and their expression pattern in heat stressed pbmcs of native cattle, exotic cattle and riverine buffaloes.it is generally believed that due to evolutionary differences and adaptation to tropical conditions, indian native cattle has superior heat tolerant ability than bos taurus cattle. in the present study, 3'-utr of two most important heat responsive genes i.e., heat shock protein 70.1 (hsp70.1) and heat shock factor- 1 (hsf-1) were sequence characterized in different breeds of indian native cattle to identify the variations and mirna binding sites. in addition, the impact of heat stress was assess ...201931637621
marker discovery and associations with β-carotene content in indian dairy cattle and buffalo breeds.vitamin a is essential for human health, but current intake levels in many developing countries such as india are too low due to malnutrition. according to the world health organization, an estimated 250 million preschool children are vitamin a deficient globally. this number excludes pregnant women and nursing mothers, who are particularly vulnerable. efforts to improve access to vitamin a are key because supplementation can reduce mortality rates in young children in developing countries by ar ...201931477308
inter-genus gene expression analysis in livestock fibroblasts using reference gene validation based upon a multi-species primer set.quantitative reverse transcription pcr (rt-qpcr) remains as an accurate approach for gene expression analysis but requires labor-intensive validation of reference genes using species-specific primers. to ease such demand, the aim was to design and test a multi-species primer set to validate reference genes for inter-genus rt-qpcr gene expression analysis. primers were designed for ten housekeeping genes using transcript sequences of various livestock species. all ten gene transcripts were detect ...201931412093
the impact of tick-borne pathogen infection in indian bovines is determined by host type but not the genotype of theileria annulata.tick-borne pathogens (tbp) are a major source of production loss and a welfare concern in livestock across the globe. consequently, there is a trade-off between keeping animals that are tolerant to tbp infection, but are less productive than more susceptible breeds. theileria annulata is a major tbp of bovines, with different host types (i.e. exotic and native cattle breeds, and buffalo) displaying demonstrable differences in clinical susceptibility to infection. however, the extent to which the ...201931344487
understanding the alteration in rumen microbiome and cazymes profile with diet and host through comparative metagenomic approach.rumen microbial community harbors a distinct genetic reservoir of potent carbohydrate-active enzymes (cazyme) that functions efficiently for the deconstruction of plant biomass. based on this premise, metagenomics approach was applied to characterize the rumen microbial community and identify carbohydrate-active genes of bos taurus (cow) and bubalus bubalis (buffalo) fed on green or dry roughage. metadata was generated from the samples: green roughage-fed cow (ndc_gr), buffalo (ndb_gr) and dry r ...201931338542
comparison of telomere lengths in leukocytes and in nasal and vaginal epithelial cells from water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) of different ages.telomeres are short and repetitive sequences at the ends of linear chromosomes which shorten with every cell-division in vitro. telomere length (tl) is reported to decrease with age and stress. the domesticated water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) is the second most important milk producing animal worldwide. the productive lifespan of water buffalo cows is reported to be longer than that of dairy cows (bos taurus). with this background, we aimed to compare tl in leukocytes obtained from blood samples ...201931035221
buffalo milk transcriptome: a comparative analysis of early, mid and late lactation.the expression of genes and their regulation during lactation in buffaloes remains less understood. to understand the interplay of various genes and pathways, the milk transcriptome from three lactation stages of murrah buffalo was analyzed by rna sequencing. the filtered reads were mapped to the bubalus bubalis as well as bos taurus reference assemblies. the average mapping rate to water buffalo and btau 4.6 reference sequence, was 75.5% and 75.7% respectively. highly expressed genes (rpkm > 30 ...201930979954
systematic analyses for candidate genes of milk production traits in water buffalo (bubalus bubalis).water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) is of great economic importance as a provider of milk and meat in many countries. however, the milk yield of buffalo is much lower than that of holstein cows. selection of candidate genes related to milk production traits can be applied to improve buffalo milk performance. a systematic review of studies of these candidate genes will be greatly beneficial for researchers to timely and efficiently understand the research development of molecular markers for buffalo ...201930937948
characterization of circulating mirna signature in water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) during brucella abortus infection and evaluation as potential biomarkers for non-invasive diagnosis in vaginal fluid.brucellosis is an infectious disease caused by bacteria from the brucella genus that can be transmitted to humans through contact with infected animals or contaminated animal products. brucellosis also causes financial losses in animal production. ruminants are highly susceptible to brucellosis, and the causative agent water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) is brucella abortus. circulating micrornas (mirnas) are cropping up as promising biomarkers for several infectious diseases. the goals of this st ...201930760784
coxiella burnetii in wild mammals: a systematic review.coxiella burnetii is a multi-host bacterium that causes q fever in humans, a zoonosis that is emerging worldwide. the ecology of c. burnetii in wildlife is still poorly understood and the influence of host, environmental and pathogen factors is almost unknown. this study gathers current published information on different aspects of c. burnetii infection in wildlife, even in species with high reservoir potential and a high rate of interaction with livestock and humans, in order to partially fill ...201930506629
effect of sex differences in donor foetal fibroblast on the early development and dna methylation status of buffalo (bubalus bubalis) nuclear transfer embryos.low efficiency of somatic cell nuclear transfer (scnt) embryos is largely attributable to imperfect reprogramming of the donor nucleus. the differences in epigenetic reprogramming between female and male buffalo cloned embryos remain unclear. we explored the effects of donor cell sex differences on the development of scnt embryos. we and then compared the expression of dna methylation (5-methylcytosine-5mc and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine-5hmc) and the expression level of relevant genes, and histone ...201930051521
sources and levels of trace elements influence some blood parameters in murrah buffalo (bubalus bubalis) calves.sources of supplemental minerals in the diet of animals are of important significance. bio-availability of organic sources is believed to be more in the body as compared to regularly used inorganic sources and hence environment-friendly due to reduced mineral excretion, which in turn reduces their requirements in the diet as well. twenty-four male murrah buffalo (bubalus bubalis) calves (about 18-20 months of age and 318.54 ± 8.85 kg body weight) were divided randomly into four groups of six ani ...201930014281
draft genome of the river water buffalo.water buffalo (bubalus bubalis), a large-sized member of the bovidae family, is considered as an important livestock species throughout southeast asia. in order to better understand the molecular basis of buffalo improvement and breeding, we sequenced and assembled the genome (2n=50) of a river buffalo species bubalus bubalis from bangladesh. its genome size is 2.77 gb, with a contig n50 of 25 kb and the scaffold n50 of 6.9 mbp. based on the assembled genome, we annotated 24,613 genes for future ...201930962899
effect of dietary supplementation of palm kernel cake on ovarian and hepatic function in buffalo (bubalus bubalis).to determine the optimal inclusion amount of palm kernel cake (pkc) in a buffalo diet, in the present study there was evaluation of the ovarian activity, metabolism and hepatic function of females that were treated to synchronize the time of ovulation. twenty-four estrous-cyclic and non-lactating murrah buffalo with a mean age of 5.7 years were supplemented with 0%, 0.25%, 0.5% and 1% of their body weight (bw) with pkc. animals were subjected to the ovsynch protocol (beginning of protocol = d0). ...201930935774
prevalence, risk factors, and spatial distribution of fasciola in carabao and intermediate host in baybay, leyte, philippines.fasciolosis remains an important parasitic disease of ruminants in southeast asia. we investigated the prevalence and spatial distribution of fasciola spp. in carabao (bubalus bubalis) and snail intermediate hosts (ihs) in baybay, leyte, philippines. using one-stage cluster sampling, we examined 335 fecal samples of carabaos from 138 herds for fasciola spp. eggs, and in parallel collected ih snail data in the area. risk factor analyses were performed and gis maps were created for fasciola spp. p ...201930929938
identifying hub genes for heat tolerance in water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) using transcriptome data.heat stress has a detrimental effect on the physiological and production performance of buffaloes. elucidating the underlying mechanisms of heat stress is challenging, therefore identifying candidate genes is urgent and necessary. we evaluated the response of buffaloes (n = 30) to heat stress using the physiological parameters, elisa indexes, and hematological parameters. we then performed mrna and microrna (mirna) expression profiles analysis between heat tolerant (ht, n = 4) and non-heat toler ...201930918514
karyotypic and mtdna based characterization of malaysian water buffalo.in malaysia, the domestic water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) are classified into the swamp and the murrah buffaloes. identification of these buffaloes is usually made via their phenotypic appearances. this study characterizes the subspecies of water buffaloes using karyotype, molecular and phylogenetic analyses. blood of 105 buffaloes, phenotypically identified as swamp, murrah and crossbred buffaloes were cultured, terminated and harvested using conventional karyotype protocol to determine the n ...201930909863
superstimulation prior to the ovum pick-up improves the in vitro embryo production in nulliparous, primiparous and multiparous buffalo (bubalus bubalis) donors.the aim of this study was to evaluate the ovarian follicular population, the oocyte yield and the in vitro embryo production (ivep) of nulliparous (nu), primiparous (pr) and multiparous (mu) buffalo donors submitted to the superstimulation with fsh prior to the ovum pick-up (opu). a total of 54 buffalo donors (18 nu, 15 pr and 21mu) received an intravaginal progesterone device (1.0 g) plus estradiol benzoate [2.0 mg, intramuscular (im)] at random stage of the estrous cycle (day 0) during the bre ...201931374459
expression and localization of adiponectin and its receptors in ovarian follicles during different stages of development and the modulatory effect of adiponectin on steroid production in water buffalo.adiponectin is an adipocyte-derived hormone regulating energy metabolism, insulin sensitivity and recently found to regulate reproduction. the current study was carried out to investigate gene and protein expression, immunolocalization of adiponectin and its receptors adipor1 and adipor2 in ovarian follicles of different developmental stages in water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) and to investigate the effect of adiponectin on steroid production in cultured bubaline granulosa cells. qpcr, western bl ...201931339602
transcriptional regulation of thrombospondins and its functional validation through crispr/cas9 mediated gene editing in corpus luteum of water buffalo (bubalus bubalis).thrombospondins (tsps) are large multi-modular proteins, identified as natural angiogenesis inhibitors that exert their activity by binding to cd36 and cd47 receptors. the anti-angiogenic effect of tsps in luteal regression of water buffalo has not been addressed. the present study characterized the expression pattern and localization of tsps and their receptors in ovarian corpus luteum during different stages of development in buffalo. this study also elucidated the effect of exogenous thrombos ...201930897320
brain-derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf) is expressed in buffalo (bubalus bubalis) ovarian follicles and promotes oocyte maturation and early embryonic development.brain-derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf) has been discovered and characterized for several decades, yet its expression pattern in non-neuronal tissues like ovary and potential mechanism during oocyte maturation are still poorly understood. thus the present study was devised to determine the expression pattern and mechanism of bdnf during buffalo oocyte maturation. the results revealed that bdnf was presented at different stages of buffalo ovarian follicles as well as during oocyte maturation and ...201930877846
evidence of neospora caninum infection in buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) from northwestern romania.neospora caninum is a heteroxenous parasitic apicomplexan protozoan, able to infect a variety of domestic and wild animals, mainly associated with reproductive disorders and abortions in susceptible species. considering the importance of romania in the european buffalo industry and the severe economic losses caused by n. caninum infection in livestock, the aim of the present study was to assess the occurrence of neosporosis in buffaloes raised in household and farming systems in northwestern rom ...201930877438
intestinal anti-inflammatory effect of a peptide derived from gastrointestinal digestion of buffalo (bubalus bubalis) mozzarella cheese.under physiological conditions, the small intestine represents a barrier against harmful antigens and pathogens. maintaining of the intestinal barrier depends largely on cell⁻cell interactions (adherent-junctions) and cell⁻matrix interactions (tight-junctions). inflammatory bowel disease is characterized by chronic inflammation, which induces a destructuring of the architecture junctional epithelial proteins with consequent rupture of the intestinal barrier. recently, a peptide identified by bub ...201930871183
expression and functional role of kisspeptin and its receptor in the cyclic corpus luteum of buffalo (bubalus bubalis). 201930870709
effects of follicle-stimulating hormone followed by gonadotropin-releasing hormone on embryo production by ovum pick-up and in vitro fertilization in the river buffalo (bubalus bubalis).in this study, we examined the effects of superstimulation using follicle-stimulating hormone (fsh) followed by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) on buffalo embryo production by ultrasound-guided ovum pick-up (opu) and in vitro fertilization (ivf). nine murrah buffaloes were subjected to opu-ivf without superstimulation (control). the morphologies of the oocytes collected were evaluated, and oocytes were then submitted to in vitro maturation (ivm). two days after opu, same nine buffaloes wer ...201930854764
twinning rate in buffaloes: a case report.the information of twin pregnancy frequencies in buffaloes is scarce in the literature. evidence even indicates that twin pregnancies are not carried to term, but it does not seem to be the case. in this case report, the event of twin pregnancy in buffaloes is reported as well as its frequency. twin birth is the presence of two or more embryos in a single gestation. multiple births are uncommon in buffaloes since the species is uniparous. we studied a population of murrah buffaloes in which slig ...201930821009
the role of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine on methylation status of xist gene in different genders of buffalo (bubalus bubalis) bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.previous studies have demonstrated that proper concentration of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-aza-cdr) treatment was advantageous to decrease dna methylation level, but the relationships between 5-aza-cdr treatment and methylation status of imprinted genes are seldom detected. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of low concentration 5-aza-cdr treatment on the methylation status of imprinted gene xist in different genders of buffalo bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (bmscs). bmscs we ...201930785778
chemical capture of wild swamp buffalo (bubalus bubalis) in tropical northern australia using thiafentanil, etorphine and azaperone combinations.studying wild animals in situ is fundamental to collecting baseline information, but generally they need to be immobilised for examination, sampling, marking and/or equipping with tracking apparatus. capturing wild animals is inherently risky and there is a need for immobilisation methods that are safe for both the animals and researchers.201930693492
economic values and selection indices for production and reproduction traits of iranian buffaloes (bubalus bubalis).iranian buffalo plays a critical role in supplying a portion of the income and the necessities of the rural population. the first step to design a breeding program is difinition of breeding goal (bg), a linear combination of breeding values for various traits and their economic values (ev). the current study was aimed at determining evs for important traits of iranian buffaloes, namely milk yield (my), milk fat (mf), age at the first calving (afc), and calving interval (ci), as well as at estima ...201930684223
chromosome-level assembly of the water buffalo genome surpasses human and goat genomes in sequence contiguity.rapid innovation in sequencing technologies and improvement in assembly algorithms have enabled the creation of highly contiguous mammalian genomes. here we report a chromosome-level assembly of the water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) genome using single-molecule sequencing and chromatin conformation capture data. pacbio sequel reads, with a mean length of 11.5 kb, helped to resolve repetitive elements and generate sequence contiguity. all five b. bubalis sub-metacentric chromosomes were correctly s ...201930651564
in vitro anthelmintic effect of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles on liver amphistome, gigantocotyle explanatum.in order to ensure global food security a rationale approach is required to control all those factors which directly or indirectly affect the food productivity. the neglected helminthic diseases alone are responsible for huge economic losses to the agrarian stakeholders. the problem is further compounded by the emerging drug resistance in flukes against the commonly used anthelmintics like triclabendazole. therefore, the search for alternatives including the nano-based approaches has become a ne ...201930769019
a fast and reliable polymerase chain reaction method based on short interspersed nuclear elements detection for the discrimination of buffalo, cattle, goat, and sheep species in dairy products.aim of present study was the set up of a fast and reliable protocol using species-specific markers for the quali-quantitative analysis of dna and the detection of ruminant biological components in dairy products. for this purpose, the promoter of the gene coding for the α-lactoalbumin (lalba) was chosen as possible candidate for the presence of short interspersed nuclear elements (sines).201930744372
isolation, characterization and conjugated linoleic acid production potential of bifidobacterial isolates from ruminal fluid samples of murrah buffaloes.in the present study, we investigated the potential of bifidobacterium spp., isolated from ruminal fluid samples from buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) for conjugated linoleic acid (cla) production. a total of 294 isolates were obtained from 86 ruminal fluid samples using bifidus selective medium (bsm) medium, and based on phospoketolase assay, 24 isolates were presumptively confirmed to be bifidobacterium species. further, the isolates were confirmed morphologically, biochemically and by pcr assays f ...201930738138
computational detection and experimental validation of segmental duplications and associated copy number variations in water buffalo ( bubalus bubalis ).duplicated sequences are an important source of gene evolution and structural variation within mammalian genomes. using a read depth approach based on next-generation sequencing, we performed a genome-wide analysis of segmental duplications (sds) and associated copy number variations (cnvs) in the water buffalo (bubalus bubalis). by aligning short reads of olimpia (the reference water buffalo) to the umd3.1 cattle genome, we identified 1,038 segmental duplications comprising 44.6 mb (equivalent ...201930734132
validation of a noseband pressure sensor algorithm as a tool for evaluation of feeding behaviour in dairy mediterranean buffalo (bubalus bubalis).this research communication addresses the goal of validating an algorithm to monitor natural occurrence of feeding behaviours in dairy mediterranean buffalo based on the output of a noseband pressure sensor (rumiwatch®, halter). several characteristics of the feeding behaviour were detected with a very high (ruminating boluses), high (chews per bolus) and moderate degree of correlation (chews per minute) with video analyses (gold standard). all of them were associated with a low mean difference ...201930729911
ostrich egg yolk improves post thaw quality and in vivo fertility of nili ravi buffalo (bubalus bubalis) bull spermatozoa.egg yolk containing a higher ratio of phospholipids and cholesterol may have better cryoprotective effect to buffalo spermatozoa during cryopreservation. our objectives were to ascertain the comparison of ostrich and chicken egg yolk in semen extender on post thaw quality, motion dynamics and in vivo fertility of nili ravi buffalo (bubalus bubalis) bull spermatozoa. semen samples (n = 45) from five bulls were collected once a week for a period of nine weeks and diluted in triladyl® extender havi ...201930551020
serological investigation of h9n2 avian influenza virus in slaughtered water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) in khuzestan, iran.the aim of the present was to evaluate the prevalence of h9n2-specific antibodies among water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis). to this end, blood samples were obtained from 80 randomly selected water buffaloes, 40 cases of which were obtained in the winter months, and 40 cases were sampled in the spring months. the presence of h9n2-specific antibody was determined by hemagglutination inhibition method. the antibody was diagnosed in 14 buffaloes (i.e., 10 males and 4 females). there were no significa ...201931013009
the first report of hydatid disease (echinococcus granulosus) in an australian water buffalo (bubalus bubalis).a three year old female water buffalo was slaughtered for human consumption on a dairy buffalo farm in eastern new south wales, australia. gross examination of the offal revealed four small, superficial hydatid cysts in the liver and two larger superficial cysts in one lung. all organs were sliced and no other cysts were found. histology and pcr confirmed the cysts to be cysts of echinococcus granulosus senso stricto. none of the cysts contained protoscoleces. the source ofinfection is equivocal ...201930976509
differential expression of immune response genes associated with subclinical mastitis in dairy buffaloes.buffalo milk production has become of significant importance on the world scale, however, there are few studies involving biotechnological tools specifically for buffalo. to verify the effects caused by subclinical mastitis on the components of milk and to study the innate immune system in the udder of dairy buffaloes with subclinical mastitis, we evaluated the levels of expression of the lactoferrin (ltf), tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-α), interleukin-1 beta (il-1β), interleukin-8 (il-8), an ...201930621802
optimization of serum-free culture conditions for propagation of putative buffalo (bubalus bubalis) spermatogonial stem cells.spermatogonial stem cells (sscs) self-renew and produce a large number of differentiated germ cells to maintain normal spermatogenesis. however, the growth factors crucial for ssc self-renewal and the mechanism underlying this process remain unclear. in the present study, a serum-free culture media was used to evaluate the effect of several growth factors on the expression of some ssc markers and self-renewal related genes. the putative sscs were cultured on buffalo sertoli cell feeder layer in ...201930601028
characterization of drug resistance-associated tevat1 gene of trypanosoma evansi from philippine water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis)this study detected and characterized the tevat1 gene of trypanosoma evansi isolates from philippine water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis). a total of 68 blood samples from philippine water buffaloes were subjected to dna extraction and pcr assay was performed using rotat 1.2 gene to detect t. evansi. those samples positive for t. evansi subsequently underwent another pcr assay to detect the presence of tevat1 gene. trypanosoma evansi was detected in 26.47% (18/68) blood samples in which distributed ...201932191985
supplementation of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, fibroblast growth factor 2, and epidermal growth factor promotes self-renewal of putative buffalo (bubalus bubalis) spermatogonial stem cells by upregulating the expression of mir-20b, mir-21, and mir-106a.in this study, we investigated the effect of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (gdnf), fibroblast growth factor (fgf) 2, and epidermal growth factor (egf) on the expression of some self-renewal-related micrornas (mirs) in putative buffalo spermatogonial stem cells (sscs). the sscs were cultured on a buffalo sertoli cell feeder layer, colony formation was observed between 7 and 10 days. the ssc colonies expressed markers specific for undifferentiated type a spermatogonia and pluripotenc ...201930589561
comparative sequence alignment reveals river buffalo genomic structural differences compared with cattle.this study sought to characterize differences in gene content, regulation and structure between taurine cattle and river buffalo (one subspecies of domestic water buffalo) using the extensively annotated umd3.1 cattle reference genome as a basis for comparisons. we identified 127 deletion cnv regions in river buffalo representing 5 annotated cattle genes. we also characterized 583 merged mobile element insertion (mei) events within the upstream regions of annotated cattle genes. transcriptome an ...201929501677
regulation of steroidogenic function of luteal cells by thrombospondin and insulin in water buffalo (bubalus bubalis).the present study examined the effect of exogenous thrombospondin 1 (tsp1) on the steroidogenic function of luteal cells cultured invitro. furthermore, the transcriptional interaction of insulin with tsp1 and its receptor, cluster of differentiation 36 (cd36) were also investigated. at the highest dose (500ngml-1) tsp1 significantly downregulated the expression of the angiogenic marker von willebrand factor (vwf) and progesterone production in cultured luteal cells. moreover, the simultaneous up ...201930509339
genomewide identification and annotation of snps in bubalus bubalis.the present study was carried out to identify and annotate the genome wide snps in murrah buffalo genome. a total of 21.2 million raw reads from 4 pooled female murrah buffalo samples were obtained using restriction enzyme digestion followed by sequencing with illumina hiseq 2000. after quality filtration, the reads were aligned to murrah buffalo genome (icar-nbagr) and water buffalo genome (umd_caspur_wb_2.0) which resulted in 99.37% and 99.67% of the reads aligning, respectively. a total of 13 ...201930476556
prenatal development of retina in buffalo (bubalus bubalis).the development of retina in indian buffalo (bubalus bubalis) has not been reported previously. the aim of the present study was therefore to report the major landmarks and the time course in the development of retina. serial histological sections of indian buffalo embryos and foetuses were used as group1 (<20.0 cm cvrl), group2 (>20.0 but <40.0 cm cvrl) and group3 (>40.0 cm cvrl). age estimation was made on the basis of crown vertebral-rump length (cvrl), which ranged between 36 and 286 days (1 ...201930536596
treatment of buffalo (bubalus bubalis) scnt embryos with microrna-21 mimic improves their quality and alters gene expression but does not affect their developmental competence.application of cloning technology on a wide scale is severely limited by the very low live birth rate obtained with cloned embryos. embryo quality is an important factor which affects the conception and live birth rate of cloned embryos. microrna-21 (mir-21) has been implicated in the regulation of apoptosis and the expression level of several important genes which control apoptosis. we examined the effects of treatment of reconstructed buffalo embryos, produced by hand-made cloning, with mir-21 ...201930508790
sperm functional attributes and oviduct explant binding capacity differs between bulls with different fertility ratings in the water buffalo (bubalus bubalis).we report here the differences in sperm functional attributes and sperm-oviduct binding index in bulls with different field fertility ratings. cryopreserved spermatozoa from murrah buffalo bulls (n=9) with different fertility ratings were evaluated for membrane integrity, capacitation status, acrosome intactness and protein tyrosine phosphorylation status. frozen--thawed spermatozoa were incubated with oviduct explants for 1h under 5% co2, 38.5°c with 95% relative humidity and the number of sper ...201930135005
prevalence and associated factors with neospora caninum infection in female water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) from pernambuco, brazil.neosporosis is one of the major parasitic diseases that causes reproductive problems, making it a limitation for optimal efficiency in livestock. the aim of the present study was to conduct a seroepidemiological survey for bubaline neosporosis and to analyse associated factors associated with n. caninum infection in female water buffaloes in the state of pernambuco, northeast brazil. the prevalence of n. caninum infection in the bubaline herds examined was 35.4% (122/345; 95% ci: 30.4%-40.7%), a ...201930427520
the single nucleotide polymorphism g.133a>c in the stearoyl coa desaturase gene (scd) promoter affects gene expression and quali-quantitative properties of river buffalo milk.the stearoyl-coa desaturase (scd) gene has been investigated in depth in ruminants because of its effect on milk fat composition. in river buffalo, the single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) g.133a>c in the gene promoter has been associated with milk quality and yield. however, the biological reason for such effects remains unexplored. in this study, we combined mrna profile analysis, an electromobility shift assay, and quantitative pcr to elucidate the role of this snp on gene transcription and i ...201930391181
endometrial transcript profile of progesterone-regulated genes during early pregnancy of water buffalo (bubalus bubalis).progesterone (p4 ) plays a key role in the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy in most mammals. unravelling the expression of progesterone-regulated genes can expand the understanding of the embryonic mortality. accordingly, we studied the relative mrna expression of the p4 -regulated genes in the buffalo. uteri were collected from the abattoir and categorized into nonpregnant late luteal phase, stage i (28-38th days of gestation) and stage ii (48-56th days of gestation) of pregnancy (n = ...201930152910
comparative modeling and mutual docking of structurally uncharacterized heat shock protein 70 and heat shock factor-1 proteins in water buffalo.in this study, a wide range of in silico investigation of bubalus bubalis (bb) heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) and heat shock factor-1 (hsf1) has been performed, ranging from sequence evaluation among species to homology modeling along with their docking studies to decipher the interacting residues of both molecules.201932095057
genetic characterization of anaplasma phagocytophilum strains from goats (capra aegagrus hircus) and water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) by 16s rrna gene, anka gene and multilocus sequence typing.anaplasma phagocytophilum is a gram-negative obligate intracellular bacterium that replicates in neutrophil granulocytes. it is transmitted by ticks and causes tick-borne fever in domestic ruminants such as sheep, cattle and goats. however, in contrast to sheep and cattle little is known about the clinical course of infection in goats. we report here on three cases of symptomatic infection with a. phagocytophilum in two goats (capra aegagrus hircus) and one water buffalo (bubalus bubalis). the a ...201931444126
exploring novel single nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotypes of the diacylglycerol o-acyltransferase 1 (dgat1) gene and their effects on protein structure in iranian buffalo.diacylglycerol o-acyltransferase 1 (dgat1) plays a key role in the synthesis of triglycerides. recent studies have shown that a transition mutation resulting in substitutions of guanine by adenine in the dgat1 gene in cattle has considerable effects on milk yield and composition. currently, there is no systematic research reporting on the utilization of this gene segment in iranian buffalo (bubalus bubalis).201931388977
milk-derived mammary epithelial cells as non-invasive source to define stage-specific abundance of milk protein and fat synthesis transcripts in native sahiwal cows and murrah buffaloes.the molecular physiology of milk production of two important dairy species; sahiwal cows (bos indicus) and murrah buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) are not fully understood due to constraints in obtaining mammary tissue samples because of sacred and ethical reasons. the present study suggests the use of milk-derived mammary epithelial cells (mecs) as a non-invasive method to understand molecular aspects of lactation biology in dairy animals. a total of 76 mecs were collected from five different lactat ...201930863690
detection of cryptosporidium parvum dna in fecal samples of infected cattle (bos indicus) and water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) in the philippines using loop mediated isothermal amplification methodfecal dna samples from 17 cattle and 38 water buffaloes found to be infected with cryptosporidium oocysts using kinyoun acid fast stain from a previous study, were subjected to loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay using specific primers for cryptosporidium parvum (c. parvum) from three municipalities, maria, baler and san luis of the province of aurora in the philippines. results of the fecalysis using kinyoun acid fast stain and lamp assay were compared with the pcr results of th ...201930726663
first description of giardia duodenalis in buffalo calves (bubalus bubalis) in southwest region of são paulo state, brazil.we performed molecular characterization of giardia duodenalis in buffalo calves from the southwest region of são paulo state, brazil. a total of 183 fecal samples of murrah breed buffaloes up to six months of age were collected. we examined these samples by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) targeting the small-subunit ribosomal rna gene and positive samples were characterized using additional pcr assays targeting a portion of the beta-giardin, the glutamate dehydrogenase and the triose-phospha ...201932095632
polymorphisms of the kappa casein (csn3) gene and inference of its variants in water buffalo (bubalus bubalis).kappa casein plays a crucial role in the formation of stable casein micelles and has a key influence on milk-clotting properties. however, current understanding of buffalo csn3 gene polymorphisms is not sufficient. in this study, the polymorphisms in the complete coding sequence (cds) of the buffalo csn3 were detected using pcr product direct sequencing. the cds of csn3 for river and swamp buffalo was the same in length, which contained an open reading frame of 573 nucleotides encoding a peptide ...201931893216
dose-dependent effect of romifidine on intraocular pressure in clinically healthy buffalo (bubalus bubalis).in the present study, changes in intraocular pressure (iop) associated with romifidine sedation in buffalo were evaluated. eighteen healthy adult, non-pregnant, buffalo without ocular abnormalities were used in a prospective randomized trial. buffalo were allocated into three groups (six each). buffalo in the treated groups received an intramuscular injection (im) of romifidine at 40 or 50 μg/kg. the control group was administrated an equivalent volume of sterile saline (0.9% nacl; 0.4 ml/100 kg ...201931867457
unique heterologous fibrin biopolymer with hemostatic, adhesive, sealant, scaffold and drug delivery properties: a systematic review.fibrin biopolymers, previously referred as "fibrin glue" or "fibrin sealants", are natural biomaterials with diverse applications on health. they have hemostatic, adhesive, sealant, scaffold and drug delivery properties and have become widely used in medical and dental procedures. historically, these biomaterials are produced from human fibrinogen and human or animal thrombin, and the possibility of transmission of infectious diseases by human blood is not ruled out. in the 1990s, to overcome th ...201931839802
global transcriptome analysis of different stages of preimplantation embryo development in river buffalo.water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) are divided into river buffalo and swamp buffalo subspecies and are essential livestock for agriculture and the local economy. studies on buffalo reproduction have primarily focused on optimal fertility and embryonic mortality. there is currently limited knowledge on buffalo embryonic development, especially during the preimplantation period. assembly of the river buffalo genome offers a reference for omics studies and facilitates transcriptomic analysis of preimp ...201931824777
unusual interplay of contrasting selective pressures on β-defensin genes implicated in male fertility of the buffalo (bubalus bubalis).the buffalo, despite its superior milk-producing ability, suffers from reproductive limitations that constrain its lifetime productivity. male sub-fertility, manifested as low conception rates (crs), is a major concern in buffaloes. the epididymal sperm surface-binding proteins which participate in the sperm surface remodelling (ssr) events affect the survival and performance of the spermatozoa in the female reproductive tract (frt). a mutation in an epididymal secreted protein, beta-defensin 12 ...201931771505
sensitivity of buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) to heat stress.based on ten years of data (2001-10), consisting of 12 673 observations on fortnightly milk yield of buffaloes reared in a dairy farm located in the northern sub-tropics (29°41'0″n, 76°59'0″e), the present study establishes the relationship between weather conditions and production performance of lactating buffaloes. the critical threshold level of maximum temperature-humidity index (thi) was estimated to be 74, which is higher than that of crossbred cows. the duration of discomfort period for b ...201931787123
proteomic changes in the milk of water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) with subclinical mastitis due to intramammary infection by staphylococcus aureus and by non-aureus staphylococci.subclinical mastitis by staphylococcus aureus (sau) and by non-aureus staphylococci (nas) is a major issue in the water buffalo. to understand its impact on milk, 6 quarter samples with >3,000,000 cells/ml (3 sau-positive and 3 nas-positive) and 6 culture-negative quarter samples with <50,000 cells/ml were investigated by shotgun proteomics and label-free quantitation. a total of 1530 proteins were identified, of which 152 were significantly changed. sau was more impacting, with 162 vs 127 diffe ...201931676851
genetic profiling of hsp70 gene in murrah buffalo (bubalus bubalis) under sub-tropical climate of india.this study was aimed to genetic profiling of heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) gene in murrah buffalo investigating 50 unrelated adult animals at icar-research complex for eastern region, patna (india) in winter, spring, and summer. pcr ready genomic dna samples and season-wise total rna samples were prepared. the pcr products of hsp70 eluted from agarose gel were sequenced and analyzed. the first-strand cdna was synthesized and concentration was equalized to 25 ng/μl. expression kinetics of mrna tr ...201931642046
prevalence of eimeria species in water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) from egypt and first report of eimeria bareillyi oocysts.coccidiosis is a common disease of livestock, including water buffaloes. reports discussing the prevalence and identity of coccidian parasites in water buffaloes from egypt are few, and nothing is known concerning the most pathogenic species, eimeria bareillyi. fresh feces collected from 175 water buffaloes in dakahlia governorate, egypt, were processed using the standard flotation technique. eimerian oocysts were found in 49 (28%) samples, and 10 species were identified. eimeria bareillyi oocys ...201931599697
high-throughput rna sequencing reveals ndufc2-as lncrna promotes adipogenic differentiation in chinese buffalo (bubalus bubalis l).the buffalo (bubalus bubalis.l) is prevalent in china and the increasing demand for meat production has changed its role from being a beast of burden to a meat source. the low fat deposition level has become one of the main barriers for its use in meat production. it is urgent to reveal factors involved in fat deposition in buffalo. this study performed rna sequencing to investigate both long noncoding rnas (lncrnas) and mrnas of adipose tissues in young and adult buffalos. a total of 124 lncrna ...201931500202
clinical and ultrasonographic investigations of 30 water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) with hepatomegaly.knowledge of normal ultrasonographic dimensions of the liver and associated vascular structures is an important indicator for the diagnosis of hepatic diseases. enlargement of the liver beyond its normal dimensions is the term of hepatomegaly and ultrasonography is the primary and the suitable diagnostic technique for this condition. therefore, this study aimed to describe the clinical and ultrasonographic findings of liver diseases causing hepatomegaly in 30 buffaloes as well as to provide a ra ...201931439995
a gene expression atlas of the domestic water buffalo (bubalus bubalis).the domestic water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) makes a major contribution to the global agricultural economy in the form of milk, meat, hides, and draught power. the global water buffalo population is predominantly found in asia, and per head of population more people depend upon the buffalo than on any other livestock species. despite its agricultural importance, there are comparatively fewer genomic and transcriptomic resources available for buffalo than for other livestock species. we have gene ...201931428126
expression of kisspeptin and its receptor in the hypothalamus of cyclic and acyclic buffalo (bubalus bubalis).kisspeptin (kiss1), neurokinin-b (nkb) and dynorphin (dyn) neurons regulate the surge and pulsatile centres of gonadotropin releasing hormone (gnrh) in the hypothalamus and are modulated by the ovarian steroids. accordingly, we studied the temporospatial expression of kiss1, its receptor and other genes that regulate gnrh in the preoptic area (poa) and arcuate (arc) regions of hypothalamus at different phases of bubaline estrous cycle. brain of buffalo (n = 32) was collected immediately after ex ...201931419703
differential expression of endometrial toll-like receptors (tlrs) and antimicrobial peptides (amps) in the buffalo (bubalus bubalis) with endometritis.toll like receptors (tlrs) and β-defensins expressed in the endometrium are part of the innate uterine defense mechanism (udm). in the present study, transcriptional profile of tlrs (1-3, 6-8, 10, and) and β-defensins such as lingual antimicrobial peptide (lap), tracheal antimicrobial peptide (tap) and bovine neutrophil beta-defensin 4 (bnbd4) were studied. bubaline genitalia were collected from abattoir and the endometrium was categorized into one of the following seven groups (n = 7/group) bas ...201931407222
reducing the cytoplasmic volume during hand-made cloning adversely affects the developmental competence and quality, and alters relative abundance of mrna transcripts and epigenetic status of buffalo (bubalus bubalis) embryos.hand-made cloning (hmc) is a method of choice for somatic cell nuclear transfer (scnt). there is 20% to 50% of cytoplasm lost during manual enucleation of oocytes with hmc. to compensate, two enucleated demicytoplasts, instead of one, are fused with each donor cell, which leads to cytoplasm pooling from two different demicytoplasts. in this study, effects of using one, instead of two demicytoplasts (controls) was examined, for production of embryos using hmc. use of one demicytoplast decreased b ...201931405474
abundance of adiponectin mrna transcript in the buffalo corpus luteum during the estrous cycle and effects on progesterone secretion in vitro.adiponectin is an adipocyte derived cytokine implicated in energy homeostasis, insulin resistance and is involved in the regulation of reproduction both centrally and peripherally in animals. the present study was conducted to investigate adiponectin (adipoq) and its receptors adipor1 and adipor2 abundance of mrna transcript and protein in different stages of corpora lutea (cl) development during the estrous cycle of water buffalo and to determine the effect of adiponectin on cultured luteal cel ...201931405469
toxoplasma gondii in water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) from romania: what is the importance for public health?the purpose of our study was to evaluate the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii infection in autochthonous carpathian buffaloes from northwestern romania by serology, pcr techniques, and mouse bioassay. agreement between mat and elisa, correlation between indirect and direct detection methods, and risk factors were evaluated. the apparent overall seroprevalence of t. gondii was 8.1% by mat and 6.6% by elisa. the agreement between elisa and mat was fair. the apparent seroprevalence was significantly ...201931309289
rna sequencing and transcriptome analysis of buffalo (bubalus bubalis) blastocysts produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer and in vitro fertilization.across farm animal species, the live birth rate obtained with somatic cell nuclear transfer (scnt) embryos is only <2% compared with >40% obtained with in vitro fertilization (ivf) embryos, primarily due to incomplete nuclear reprogramming which results in aberrant embryonic gene expression. we used rna sequencing to compare the global transcriptome profile of scnt and ivf buffalo blastocysts. scnt blastocysts expressed 17,061 transcripts, of which 941 were unique whereas, ivf blastocysts expres ...201931304661
an objective volumetric method for assessment of ovarian follicular and luteal vascular flow using colour doppler ultrasonography.our goal was to develop an objective computer-assisted volumetric method of assessing vascular flow from colour doppler ultrasound data of ovarian structures recorded by free-hand movement. we hypothesized that a vascularity index (ratio of the region of blood flood to the region of ovarian structure) obtained from the three-dimensional volumetric analysis would be more precise (less variable) than conventional two-dimensional analysis of single images in estimating the functional status of the ...201931302433
serum haptoglobin and protein electrophoretic fraction modifications in buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) around calving and during early lactation.serum protein distribution and concentration can be affected by different physiological and pathological conditions. the aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in the concentration of serum protein fractions and haptoglobin in clinically healthy dairy buffaloes during late pregnancy and early lactation. blood and milk samples were collected from 30 buffaloes at around 7 d before expected calving (blood only) and 7, 30 and 50 d after calving. in serum samples, the total protein, haptoglobi ...201931292012
alpha lipoic acid supplementation ameliorates the wrath of simulated tropical heat and humidity stress in male murrah buffaloes.a supplement which ameliorates temperature-humidity menace in food producing livestock is a prerequisite to develop climate smart agricultural packages. a study was conducted to investigate the heat stress ameliorative efficacy of alpha lipoic acid (ala) in male murrah water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis). eighteen animals (293.61 ± 4.66kg bwt) were randomly allocated into three groups (n = 6); nhsc (non-heat-stressed control), hs (heat-stressed) and hsla (heat-stressed-supplemented with ala@32 mg/ ...201931280374
characterization of the extracellular matrix in the chorioallantoic membrane of water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) in early gestation.placenta is formed by a parenchyma rich in extracellular matrix (ecm), and this structure guarantees the proper development of the embryo and placental functioning. recently, studies have focused on the characterization of ecm in the placenta and foetal membranes of different species. this work aimed to analyse the composition of the ecm and to quantify the types of collagens in its composition. for this, 33 chorioallantoic membranes were used at different gestational ages, which were grouped in ...201931278783
characterization of circular rnas in chinese buffalo (bubalusbubalis) adipose tissue: a focus on circular rnas involved in fat deposition.circular rnas (circrnas) have been identified as a novel type of regulators involved in multiple biological processes. however, circrnas with a potential function in fat deposition in buffalo are poorly understood. in this study, six rna libraries of adipose tissue were constructed for three young and three adult chinese buffaloes with paired-ends rna sequencing using the illumina hiseq 3000 platform. a total of 5141 circrnas were computationally identified. among them, 252 circrnas were differe ...201931266200
reduced cytochrome oxidase activity and increased protein tyrosine phosphorylation of mitochondria-rich fractions of buffalo (bubalus bubalis) spermatozoa after a cycle of freezing and thawing.the motility and fertility of mammalian spermatozoa are compromised when they are cryopreserved. sperm mitochondrial proteins play a vital role in conferring motility. however, the effects of cryopreservation on mitochondria-specific proteins remain primarily unexplored in domestic animals, including buffaloes, so the present study aimed to evaluate this issue. mitochondria were isolated from both non-cryopreserved and cryopreserved buffalo spermatozoa by sonication followed by sucrose density g ...201931233700
in vitro embryo production in buffalo species (bubalus bubalis).in the last years there has been a growing attention in the world regarding buffalo (bubalus bubalis) breeding. in tropical countries, climatic and environmental conditions make buffalo an irreplaceable milk producer. since cattle cannot express their own productive potential in these conditions, buffaloes are best suited to satisfy animal protein demand, as they are easy to maintain, long-lived, and parasite resistant. here we describe how to produce buffalo embryos from slaughterhouse oocytes, ...201931230281
treatment of buffalo (bubalus bubalis) somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos with microrna-29b mimic improves their quality, reduces dna methylation, and changes gene expression without affecting their developmental competence.microrna-29b (mir-29b) plays an important role in controlling dna methylation in cells. we investigated its role during early embryonic development in buffalo embryos produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer (scnt) and in vitro fertilization (ivf). mir-29b expression was highest at the 2-cell stage, decreased (p < 0.001) at the 4-cell stage, and remained low thereafter at the 8-cell, morula, and blastocyst stages, showing a similar pattern in cloned and ivf embryos. treatment of reconstructed e ...201931199675
selection of reference mirnas for relative quantification in buffalo (bubalus bubalis) blastocysts produced by hand-made cloning and in vitro fertilization.very low birth rate and a high incidence of abnormalities in offspring born from cloned embryos, which have limited the application of cloning technology on a wide scale, are believed to be because of incomplete or aberrant nuclear reprogramming. micrornas (mirnas) are involved in regulating a wide range of biological processes including reprogramming and embryonic development. selection of suitable reference mirnas is critical for normalization of data for accurate relative quantification of mi ...201931199674
comparative analysis of buffalo (bubalus bubalis) non-transgenic and transgenic embryos containing human insulin gene, produced by scnt.somatic cell nuclear transfer (scnt), using transgenic donor cells, is a highly efficient method for producing transgenic embryos. we compared the developmental competence, quality and gene expression of transgenic embryos produced by hand-made cloning from buffalo fetal fibroblasts (bffs) containing human insulin gene, with non-transgenic embryos produced from bffs (controls). the expression vector (pacisubc), constructed by inserting human insulin gene between dna fragments containing mammary ...201931195358
an investigation of the concurrency of anti-neospora antibody and parasitemia in water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) in northwest of iran.neospora caninum is an obligate intracellular parasite causing abortion and reproductive failure in ruminants. here, the seroprevalence of neospora dna and anti-neospora antibodies and the correlation between the dna and the antibody using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and a new developed whole cell-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) in water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) were investigated. to determine the level of anti-neospora antibody, 83 serum samples were collected from buffaloe ...201931183020
comparative molecular characterization of forkhead box protein 3 (foxp3) gene of swamp-type (bubalus carabanensis) and riverine-type (bubalus bubalis) water buffaloes.foxp3 is a forkhead family member that plays an important role in the development and function of a type of cd4 + t cell called t regulatory cells. molecular characterization of foxp3 gene in swamp- and riverine-type water buffaloes was conducted to determine its homology and compare it to the foxp3 gene of other animal species (cattle, goat, sheep, horse, pig, cat, and dog), determine its unique characteristics in water buffaloes, and provide a reference for future studies to analyze its immuno ...201931174683
histology, histochemistry and ultrastructure of the nasopharyngeal tonsil of the buffalo (bubalus bubalis).the light microscopic appearance and ultrastructure of the nasopharyngeal tonsil (tonsilla pharyngea), collected from 12 adult buffaloes of local mixed breed, were explored for the distribution of different types of epithelia, lymphoid tissue and high endothelial venules. the tonsillar mucosa was lined by pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium having goblet cells. the respiratory epithelium associated with the underlying lymphoid tissue formed the lymphoepithelium. the epithelium was furt ...201931173394
addition of pomegranate juice (punica granatum) in tris-based extender improves post-thaw quality, motion dynamics and in vivo fertility of nili ravi buffalo (bubalus bubalis) bull spermatozoa.the aim of the present study was to determine the protective effects of pomegranate juice in tris-based extender on semen parameters, computer-assisted sperm analysis (casa) motion characteristics and field fertility of post-thawed nili ravi buffalo (bubalus bubalis) bull spermatozoa. two consecutive ejaculates/collection from each of the five adult nili ravi buffalo bulls were collected with artificial vagina at 42°c for a period of 7 weeks, diluted in extender containing different concentratio ...201931134645
traceability of animal protein byproducts in ruminants by multivariate analysis of isotope ratio mass spectrometry to prevent transmission of prion diseases.ruminant feed containing animal byproduct proteins (abps) is prohibited in many countries due to its risk of transmitting prion diseases (pd). in most cases the entire herd is sacrificed, which causes great harm to the producer countries by preventing their exportation of ruminant derived-products.201931131007
synchronization with controlled internal drug release (cidr) and prostaglandin f2α (pgf2α) influences oxidant/antioxidant biomarkers and mineral profile in summer-stressed anoestrous buffalo (bubalus bubalis).during the summer season, high ambient temperature in tropical and subtropical countries exposes buffaloes to oxidative stress that have antigonadotropic and antisteroidogenic effects. uses of hormonal therapy can improve the state of ovarian inactivity caused by heat stress and cause anoestrous buffaloes to come into oestrus and successfully achieve pregnancy. therefore, this study was designed to detect the role of oxidative stress in production of the anoestrous state in summer heat stressed ...201931129479
stimulating effects of quercetin (que) in tris citric acid extender on post thaw quality and in vivo fertility of buffalo (bubalus bubalis) bull spermatozoa.aim of this study was to evaluate the stimulating effects of quercetin (que) on post thaw quality and in vivo fertility of buffalo (bubalus bubalis) bull spermatozoa. que is a well-known flavonoid having antioxidant properties to scavenge free radicals. semen was collected from three buffalo bull through artificial vagina (42 °c) and were evaluated initially for volume, motility, concentration, followed by dilution in five extenders (n = 5 aliquots, control, c = no que; treatment 1, t1 = 50 μm q ...201931112913
blood lymphocyte subpopulations in healthy water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis, mediterranean lineage): reference intervals and influence of age and reproductive history.there is an increasing interest toward infectious diseases and mechanisms of immune response of water buffaloes, mainly because of the growing economic impact of this species and of its high-quality milk. however, little is known about the immune system of these animals in physiological conditions. recently, a wide number of antibodies cross reacting with buffalo antigens has been validated for use in flow cytometry (fc), allowing detailed characterization of the lymphocytic population in this s ...201931084895
pattern of cd14, cd16, cd163 and cd172a expression on water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) leukocytes.previous studies on the immune system of water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) using cross-reactive monoclonal antibodies (mabs) revealed significant similarities and differences to the bovine immune system. herein, we extend these studies and document the pattern of expression of cd14, cd16, cd163 and cd172a on buffalo leukocytes using a set of cross-reactive mabs that are known to recognize conserved epitopes within orthologous molecules in cattle, sheep and goats. buffalo leukocytes were isolated a ...201931084887
is buffalo enamel a suitable substrate for bond strength tests?the aim of this study was to compare the bonding strength of dental materials in buffalo (bubalus bubalis var. kerebau), bovine, and human enamel and the susceptibility of these substrates in acid etching.201931040720
polymorphisms in major histocompatibility complex genes and its associations with milk quality in murrah buffaloes.animal breeding programs have used molecular genetic tools as an auxiliary method to identify and select animals with superior genetic merit for milk production and milk quality traits as well as disease resistance. genes of the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) are important molecular markers for disease resistance that could be applied for genetic selection. the aim of this study was to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) and haplotypes in drb2, drb3, dma, and dmb genes in mur ...202031385169
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