Publications

TitleAbstractYear(sorted ascending)
Filter
PMID
Filter
insulin and igf-i binding and tyrosine kinase activity in fish heart.a study is presented of the binding of insulin and igf-i to their respective receptors in the heart muscle of carp (cyprinus carpio), coho salmon (oncorhynchus kisutch), brown trout (salmo trutta fario) and sprague-dawley rats. receptor preparations were partially purified by wheat germ agglutinin affinity chromatography. specific binding of insulin/100 mg cardiac muscle was much lower in fish (from 5.6 to 9.2%) than in rat (52.0 +/- 5.0%). in both carp and trout, insulin binding to the cardiac ...19957561619
chimeric l-type ca2+ channels expressed in xenopus laevis oocytes reveal role of repeats iii and iv in activation gating.1. chimeric alpha 1 subunits consisting of repeat i and ii from the rabbit cardiac (alpha 1c-a) and repeat iii and iv from the carp skeletal muscle ca2+ channel (alpha 1s) were constructed and expressed in xenopus laevis oocytes without co-expressing other channel subunits. ba2+-current kinetics of five chimeric channel constructs were studied in xenopus oocytes using the two-microelectrode technique. 2. exchange of repeats iii and iv of alpha 1c-a with sequences of alpha 1s results in a signifi ...19957562629
purification properties and specificity of cathepsin d from cyprinus carpio.cathepsin d was purified 750-fold from a homogenate of cyprinus carpio muscles. the purified enzyme has a molecular weight of 36,000, is inhibited by pepstatin and is active between ph 2.7 and 3.7 when tested on hemoglobin as the substrate. it consists of two isoenzymes with pis of 5.65 and 6.1, respectively. the mode of cleavage of the beta chain of oxidized insulin was determined by analysis of the n-terminal amino acids of the cleaved peptides. the major points of cleavage of the beta chain o ...19957584842
evidence for a direct action of gh on haemopoietic cells of a marine fish, the gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata).receptors for gh were characterized in the head kidney of gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata), using radioiodinated and biotinylated ligands. the specific binding of radiolabelled recombinant gilthead sea bream gh (rsbgh) to head kidney membrane preparations was dependent on membrane concentration. salmon prolactin, salmon gonadotrophin and carp gonadotrophin did not compete for 125i-labelled rsbgh-binding sites. unlabelled rsbgh competitively displaced 125i-labelled rsbgh bound to head kidney me ...19957595141
ecopathology in aquaculture: risk factors in infectious disease outbreak.this paper describes a study of the risk factors associated with disease outbreaks in fish species of fish farms and rivers of north-east spain. we focused our work on the isolation of fish pathogens (bacteria, virus), the water quality (physicochemical and microbiological quality) and management characteristics. we have observed 2 important viral diseases, infectious pancreatic necrosis and spring viraemia of carp, and 2 important bacterial ones, furunculosis (aeromonas salmonicida) and bacteri ...19957711777
hypothalamic and thyroidal regulation of growth hormone in tilapia.a radioimmunoassay (ria) for recombinant tilapia growth hormone (gh) was established and validated. the ability of various hypothalamic factors to regulate gh secretion in the tilapia hybrid (oreochromis niloticus x oreochromis aureus) was studied. somatostatin1-14 (srif1-14; 10-100 micrograms/kg) was found to reduce circulating gh levels in a dose-dependent manner. srif1-14 (0.1-1000 nm) inhibited gh release from perifused pituitary fragments (ed50 0.83 nm). human growth hormone-releasing hormo ...19957713377
experimental streptococcal meningo-encephalitis in cultured fish.in 1984 a disease of fish appeared in israel which spread rapidly in cultured fishponds. the disease affected tilapia (oreochromis aura x oreochromis nilotica hybrids) and trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). common carp (cyprinus carpus), although reared in community with tilapia were not susceptible to the disease. various species of ornamental cyprinids and cichlids were also affected. morbidity was high and mortality ranged between 50% (in trout) and 30% (in tilapia). clinical and pathological findi ...19957716882
an immunocytochemistry study comparing the occurrence of neuroactive substances in the nervous system of cercariae and metacercariae of the eye fluke diplostomum spathaceum.the nervous system of two larval stages (cercariae, metacercariae) of eye fluke diplostomum spathaceum was investigated immunocytochemically by the application of antisera to the amino acid glutamate and to neuropeptides isolated from invertebrates (mollusca) and from vertebrates to whole-mount preparations. in cercariae, positive immunoreactivity (ir) was observed with antisera raised against catch-relaxing peptide (carp), fmrfamide, alpha-caudodorsal cell peptide (alpha-cdcp), substance p, vas ...19957479646
kinetics of chloride transport across fish red blood cell membranesthe continuous flow tube method was used to investigate the kinetics of chloride transport, and its potential oxygenation-dependency, in red blood cells (rbcs) from four teleost fish species and man. a significant interspecific variation in cl- transport kinetics was found. at 15 °c, the rate constant k for unidirectional 36cl- efflux was significantly lower in rbcs from eel and carp than in rbcs from rainbow trout and atlantic cod. the values of k of cod rbcs at 15 °c and of human rbcs ...19959320152
immunocytochemical localization of granulin-1 to mononuclear phagocytic cells of the teleost fish cyprinus carpio and carassius auratus.a new class of low-molecular-weight cysteine-rich regulatory growth factors, designated granulins, has been isolated from hematopoietic tissues of a teleost fish (cyprinus carpio) and structurally characterized. granulin-1, the predominant form found in carp spleen, was used to raise polyclonal antibodies in rabbits and to establish a radioimmunoassay. this permitted preliminary tissue distribution studies of granulin-1 to be undertaken in carp (cyprinus carpio) and goldfish (carassius auratus). ...19957829976
production of a biologically active recombinant teleostean growth hormone in e. coli cells.we have isolated and characterized several recombinant lambda phage clones carrying growth hormone (gh) cdna of striped bass (morone saxatilis). nucleotide sequence and the predicted amino acid sequence of sbgh was determined from a recombinant clone carrying the longest cdna insert. the sbgh cdna encodes a pre-hormone of 204 amino acid residues. comparison of the predicted amino acid sequence of sbgh with those of other vertebrates revealed different degrees of sequence identity: approximately ...19957758842
effect of arterially infused catecholamines and insulin on plasma glucose and free fatty acids in carp.common carp (cyprinus carpio l.), kept at 20 degrees c, were fitted with an indwelling pe-50 cannula in the dorsal aorta. hormones dissolved in ringer saline were arterially infused at a rate of 1 microgram.kg-1.min-1 for epinephrine (epi), 2 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 for norepinephrine (ne), and 1.33 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 for insulin. infusion of bovine insulin in carp resulted in a long lasting (24 h) decrease of plasma free fatty acids (ffa; -0.41 +/- 0.06 mm) and glucose levels (-3.14 +/- 0.25 m ...19957771575
abundant insulin-like growth factor-1 (igf-1) receptor binding in fish skeletal muscle.insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (igf-1) receptors were quantified in glycoprotein fractions prepared by wheat germ agglutinin-agarose affinity chromatography from skeletal muscle of several species of salmonid fish and carp. insulin binding in fish skeletal muscle was lower than insulin binding found in rat. igf-1-specific binding was two- to sixfold higher than insulin binding (16.0 +/- 3.0 versus 5.8 +/- 0.75%/50 micrograms glycoprotein in brown trout, 15.5 +/- 0.9 versus 2.2 +/- 0.5% ...19957781961
effects of prolactin and fish pituitary extract on plasma calcium levels in common carp, cyprinus carpio.the effects of prolactin (prl) from both mammalian and piscine sources on plasma calcium levels in common carp, cyprinus carpio, were investigated. injections of ovine prolactin (oprl) or homologous fish pituitary extract or partially purified prolactin of murrel, channa punctatus pituitary (mprl), caused significant increases in total and ultrafiltrable plasma calcium. larger hypercalcemic responses were observed in fish kept in high-calcium fresh water and normal tap water than in fish in low- ...19957789747
two c-myc genes from a tetraploid fish, the common carp (cyprinus carpio).two c-myc genes have been isolated from a tetraploid fish, the common carp (cyprinus carpio). the nucleotide (nt) sequences of the two genes and their flanking regions (cam1, 8675 bp and cam2, 5784 bp) have been determined. both genes contain two coding exons which are homologs of c-myc exons 2 and 3 in higher vertebrates. the nt sequence homologous to c-myc exon 1 of higher vertebrates has not been found. carp cam1 and cam2 presumably encode peptides of 394 and 401 amino acids (aa), respectivel ...19957875594
the regulatory region and transcription factor required for the expression of rat and salmon pituitary hormone-encoding genes show cell-type and species specificity.the promoter regions of the genes encoding the rat and chum salmon growth hormones (gh) and rat prolactin (prl) were combined with a reporter gene and introduced into gh- and/or prl-producing cells from rat. the rat gh and prl promoters (pgh and pprl, respectively) were most active in cells producing gh and prl, respectively. the activity of the salmon pgh was much less than that of the rat pgh in rat gh-producing cells. the regulatory region required for cell-type-specific gene expression of pi ...19957875599
temperature acclimation induces light meromyosin isoforms with different primary structures in carp fast skeletal muscle.carp acclimated to 10 degrees c gave 69k, 66k, and 62kda light meromyosin (lmm) fragments in sds-page, while fish acclimated to 30 degrees c gave 74k, 69k, 66k, and 62kda fragments. the microsequence analysis revealed that the 69k and 66kda components from the 10 degrees c-acclimated carp contained an n-terminal amino acid sequence different from that of 62kda. the four fragments from the 30 degrees c-acclimated carp showed the same sequence as that of the 69k and 66kda components from the 10 de ...19957887920
evidence that the inhibitory effects of stress on reproduction in teleost fish are not mediated by the action of cortisol on ovarian steroidogenesis.ovarian follicles of goldfish, common carp, and the sparid pagrus auratus (new zealand snapper) were incubated in vitro to assess the effects of cortisol (f) on ovarian steroidogenesis. unstimulated goldfish follicles produced little testosterone (t) or 17 beta-estradiol (e2), whereas both carp and snapper follicles spontaneously produced e2 and to a lesser extent t. goldfish follicles produced increased amounts of e2 in response to treatment with human chorionic gonadotropin (hcg), whereas carp ...19958536936
somatostatin-, vasoactive intestinal peptide-, and granulin-like peptides isolated from intestinal extracts of goldfish, carassius auratus.three new peptides were originally isolated from intestinal extracts of goldfish. they were structurally related with somatostatin, vasoactive intestinal peptide (vip), and granulin (grn) and thus termed goldfish somatostatin (gss-28), gvip, and ggrn, respectively. the primary structures of these peptides were determined as: svessnhlpa 10rerkagcknf20ywkgftsc for the gss-28; hsdavftdny10sryrkqmaak20kylnsvla-nh2 for the gvip, and vihcdsstic10 pdgttcclsp20ygvwyccpfs30mgqccrdgih40ccrhgyhcds50tsthclr ...19958536941
investigations into the ubiquitous nature of high or low immune responsiveness after divergent selection for antibody production in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.).this paper reports on the selection of individual carp with a high or low antibody response, in combination with reproduction by gynogenesis, in order to develop well-characterised inbred carp lines consisting of practically unlimited numbers of carp with the same genotype. two homozygous progenies, previously characterised as having a high or low immune response to dinitrophenyl keyhole limpet haemocyanin (dnp-klh), were immunised with either a t-dependent (dnp-human serum albumin (dnp-hsa)) or ...19958578693
eighteen years of vaccination against viral haemorrhagic septicaemia in france.viral haemorrhagic septicaemia (vhs) has been considered for many years to be a major cause of loss in the french trout industry. the high prevalence of vhs in certain geographic areas made a control strategy based on control policy unfeasible. this provided the impetus for immunoprophylaxis development that resulted in 3 successive types of vaccines: inactivated, live attenuated and recombinant vaccines. when delivered by intraperitoneal injection, the 2 propiolactone-inactivated vhs virus was ...19958581010
comparison of the polymerases (l genes) of spring viremia of carp virus and infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus.we have determined the partial nucleotide sequences of the polymerase genes of the fish rhabdoviruses, spring viremia of carp virus (svcv) and infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv). at this point we have deduced the amino acid sequences and analysed the first 1,400 amino acids comprising two thirds of the polymerase genes of svcv and ihnv. we have compared sequence similarities of svcv and ihnv polymerases with other rhabdovirus and paramyxovirus polymerases. the svcv polymerase showed ...19958581012
detection of spring viremia of carp virus by hybridization with biotinylated dna probes. 19958581035
the complete nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial dna genome of the rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss.the complete nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial dna of the rainbow trout, onchorynchus mykiss, has been determined. the total length of the molecule is 16,660 bp. the rainbow trout mitochondrial dna has the same organization described in eutherian mammals, the clawed frog (xenopus laevis), and the two fish species, oriental stream loach (crossotoma lacustre) and carp (cyprinus carpio). alignment and comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of the 13 proteins encoded by rainbow trout ...19958587139
[light and electron microscopic studies on the sporogenesis of sphaerospora molnari in the gill lamellas of carp (cyprinus carpio)].the sporogenesis of sphaerospora molnari in the gill lamellas of the common carp was investigated by light- and electron microscopy. whereas pseudoplasmodia were not identified, the development from one secondary cell containing two tertiary cells to the mature spore was pursued. monosporic sporoblasts surrounded by an envelope cell were observed lying isolated in the host tissue. sporoblast generative cells differentiated into two capsulogenic cells, two mononucleate sporoplasms and two valvoge ...19958593138
insulin/igf-i binding ratio in skeletal and cardiac muscles of vertebrates: a phylogenetic approach.insulin and insulin-like growth factor (igf-i) receptor binding and tyrosine kinase activity were characterized in cardiac and skeletal muscles of several vertebrates. specific insulin binding per unit weight of skeletal muscle was clearly higher in pigeon and rat than in ectothermic vertebrates (32 +/- 5 and 25 +/- 2.7%/100 mg initial tissue in pigeon and rat, respectively, vs. 4.4 +/- 0.2%/100 mg in carp samples). insulin binding clearly predominated over igf-i binding in skeletal muscle of en ...19958594939
neutrophilic granulocytes in carp, cyprinus carpio, possess a spontaneous cytotoxic activity.this study demonstrates for the first time that carp (cyprinus carpio) neutrophilic granulocytes from the head kidney possess potent spontaneous cytotoxic activity against several human tumor cell lines. carp head kidney cells isolated at a density of 1.09 g/ml contained more than 90% neutrophilic granulocytes. these cells were round and approximately 10 millimicrons in diameter with reniform or polymorphic nuclei and slightly eosinophilic cytoplasm when stained with giemsa. electron microscopy ...19958617402
an aquatic toxicological evaluation of fenthion in the context of finch control in south africa.queletox, containing fenthion as active ingredient, is the avicide formulation used in south africa to control red-billed finches (quelea quelea). control measures involve night spraying of roosting areas with a light aircraft. since roosting areas often include reedbeds along riversides and on islands, proper control is difficult without exposing the aquatic environment to some risk of contamination. this study tested the acute effects of fenthion, in association with the queletox formulation, ...19958521783
localization, trafficking, and temperature-dependence of the aequorea green fluorescent protein in cultured vertebrate cells.the localization, trafficking, and fluorescence of aequorea green fluorescent protein (gfp) in cultured vertebrate cells transiently transfected with gfp cdna were studied. fluorescence of gfp in uv light was found to be strongest when cells were incubated at 30 degrees c but was barely visible at an incubation temperature of 37 degrees c. cos-1 cells, primary chicken embryonic retina cells, and carp epithelial cells were fluorescently labeled under these conditions. gfp was distributed uniforml ...19958524871
genetic variation in susceptibility to trypanoplasma borreli infection in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.).gynogenetic reproduction of homozygous females, or crossbreeding two homozygous animals, results in fish lines without genetic variation. hybrid crosses are expected to express a more stable development than homozygous lines, the latter may have an important value for gaining insight into genetic components of host resistance to parasite infection. we examined the antibody response of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) to infection with trypanoplasma borreli. outbred carp responded with a production of s ...19958533293
structural modifications of non-mammalian gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) isoforms: design of novel gnrh analogues.three natural forms of vertebrate gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) provided the structural basis upon which to design new gnrh agonists: [his5,trp7,leu8]-gnrh, dogfish (df) gnrh; [his5,asn8]-gnrh, catfish (cf) gnrh; and [his5,trp7,tyr8]-gnrh, chicken (c) gnrh-ii. the synthetic peptides incorporated the position 6 dextro (d)-isomers d-arginine (d-arg) or d-naphthylalanine (d-nal) in combination with an ethylamide substitution of position 10. the in vitro potencies for lh and fsh release of t ...19958746537
distribution of pasii/pmp22 and connexin 32 proteins in the peripheral nervous system.various mutations of po, pasii/pmp22 and connexin 32 genes were recently reported in hereditary neuropathies, such as charcot-marie-tooth disease (cmt) and dejerine sottas disease (ds). however, physiological roles of the proteins in pns are not well understood. to address the functions of the proteins, we examined their localization in pns comparatively by immunohistochemical methods. in western blotting, a polyclonal antibody against the carboxyl terminal peptide of pasii/pmp22 reacted to 20-2 ...19958845738
binding sites for melanin-concentrating hormone (mch) in brain synaptosomes and membranes from peripheral tissues identified with highly tritiated mch.melanin-concentrating hormone (mch) is a neuropeptide occurring in the brain of all vertebrate species. in chromatophores of teleost fishes it induces pigment granule aggregation. in mammals, however, its physiological function is not yet clear. attempts to identify the site(s) of its action by binding analysis failed because radioiodinated mch with the natural sequence was devoid of biological activity. we have now synthesized an analogue of rat/human mch, [pra4,8,12,19]-mch, containing four l- ...19958903959
regeneration of axons in transection of the carp spinal cord.axonal regeneration in the central nervous system (cns) was investigated in the fine structural and histochemical aspects using carp spinal cord, which was completely transected at the level of the dorsal fin. fusion of the transection region and the regeneration of axons already began to be recognized 26 days after operation by electron microscopy. at 115 days after operation, the rostral and caudal parts of the transected spinal cord were completely connected by the regenerating nervous tissue ...19957580813
alkaline single cell gel (comet) assay and genotoxicity monitoring using bullheads and carp.monitoring genotoxicity of the environment using endemic organisms as sentinels requires the development of sensitive assays. toward this end, we explored the feasibility of applying the alkaline single cell gel (scg) or "comet" assay. this approach involves detection, under alkaline conditions, of cell dna fragments which, on electrophoresis, migrate from the nuclear core, resulting in a "comet with tail" formation. tail length has been correlated with level of genotoxicant exposure in a number ...19958575424
benefits of a predtor-induced morphology in crucian carp.crucian carp (carassius carassius) develop a deeper body in response to chemical cues from piscivores. this change in body morphology has been suggested to be a predator-induced defence. here we investigate the possible benefits of the induced body morphology in laboratory experiments. pike foraging behaviour when feeding on crucian carp of different body depths was recorded using video. further, in a preference experiment pike were allowed to choose between shallow-bodied and deep-bodied crucia ...199528307584
evidence that acetylcholine mediates increased cerebral blood flow velocity in crucian carp through a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism.nitric oxide (no)-dependent regulation of brain blood flow has not been proved to exist in fish or other ectothermic vertebrates. using epi-illumination microscopy on the brain surface (optic lobes) of crucian carp (carassius carassius), we show that superfusing the brain with acetylcholine (ach) induces an increase in cerebral blood flow velocity that can be completely blocked by the no synthase inhibitors ng-nitro-l-arginine methylester (l-name) and ng-nitro-l-arginine. also, sodium nitropruss ...19957536198
endocrine, gonadal and behavioral responses of male crucian carp to the hormonal pheromone 17 alpha,20 beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one.the olfactory-mediated responses to the sex hormone 17 alpha,20 beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17 alpha,20 beta-p) were studied in spermiated and regressed male crucian carp (carassius carassius l.). the position and spontaneous locomotor activity of single male crucian carp were continuously recorded in an artificial stream. 17 alpha,20 beta-p (final concentration 10(-11) m) was supplied to one half and its ethanol carrier to the other half of the test area. milt volume and gonadotropin (gth-i ...19957583015
[amino acid neurotransmitter receptors of carp brain expressed in amphibian oocytes].gaba receptor and inotropic glutamate receptors were expressed in amphibian oocytes and studied with the voltage-clamp technique and pharmacological method after injection of mrna from carp (carassius carassius) brains. it was found that about 90% of the response to gaba was mediated by gabaa receptor, but there was also about 10% of the response which was insensitive to bicuculline, a selective antagonist to gabaa receptor, baclofen, a selective agonist to gabab receptor, had no effect on the i ...19957784891
roles of energy status, katp channels and channel arrest in fish brain k+ gradient dissipation during anoxiathe crucian carp (carassius carassius l.) is one of the most anoxia-tolerant vertebrates known, being able to maintain ion homeostasis in its brain for many hours of anoxia. this study aims to clarify the importance of glycolysis during anoxia and also to investigate whether the extreme tolerance to anoxia could be due to down-regulation of k+ permeability ('channel arrest') and/or activation of atp-sensitive k+ (katp) channels. the latter was also tested in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). ...19959320504
effects of anoxia on energy metabolism in crucian carp brain slices studied with microcalorimetrycrucian carp (carassius carassius l.) is an exceptionally anoxia-tolerant vertebrate. to determine whether isolated crucian carp brain tissue survives anoxia and whether it displays anoxic metabolic depression, heat production (using microcalorimetry), lactate production, ethanol production and the maintenance of atp, adp and amp levels and energy charge were measured in telencephalic brain slices during anoxia. in response to anoxia, heat output decreased by 37 %, corresponding to a 31 % fall i ...19959318635
distribution of vasoactive intestinal peptide-like immunoreactivity in the taste organs of teleost fish and frog.using immunohistochemistry, vasoactive intestinal peptide (vip) was visualized in taste bud cells of the carp, cyprinus carpio, and the european catfish, silurus glanis, by means of light and electron microscopy. intracellular membrane systems, presumably smooth endoplasmic reticulum, of light (sensory) cells, but not of dark (supporting) cells and basal cells, were densely labelled with antibody. in the frog (four species: rana temporaria, r. ridibunda, r. arvalis, r. pipiens), taste bud cells ...19957775201
relationship between sperm atp content and motility of carp spermatozoa.carp spermatozoa are immotile in seminal plasma or in saline solution of high osmolality (> 400 mosmol kg-1). these 'quiescent' spermatozoa initiate a progressive forward motility when transferred in freshwater or in saline solution with low osmolality (< 160 mosmol kg-1). in this study we investigated 'in vitro' the relationship between sperm atp content (measured by bioluminescence) and sperm motility (analysed by videomicroscopy). sperm atp content remained high in the immobilizing medium (20 ...19957769016
two types of mitochondria are evidenced by protein kinase c immunoreactivity in the müller cells of the carp retina.the localization of protein kinase c (pkc) was studied immunocytochemically in the müller cells of the carp retina. electron microscope immunocytochemistry (using a monoclonal antibody to the alpha and beta isoenzymes of pkc) showed pkc-immunoreactivity mainly inside some mitochondria, especially along the mitochondrial cristae whereas other mitochondria in the same müller cells showed no staining. despite a detailed analysis we did not find any significant morphological difference between label ...19957739794
red muscle motor patterns during steady swimming in largemouth bass: effects of speed and correlations with axial kinematicswe analyzed midline kinematics and obtained electromyograms (emgs) from the superficial red muscle at seven longitudinal positions in four largemouth bass swimming steadily at standardized speeds of 0.7, 1.2, 1.6, 2.0 and 2.4 lengths s-1. analysis of variance was used to test for significant variation attributable to both speed and longitudinal position. emgs propagated posteriorly were unilateral and alternated between the left and right sides. despite the propagation of emgs, all the red muscl ...19959319478
glucose transport in carp erythrocytes: individual variation and effects of osmotic swelling, extracellular ph and catecholaminesthe characteristics of the uptake of 3-o-methyl-d-glucose (3-omg) by carp (cyprinus carpio) erythrocytes were studied in vitro with tracer methods. there is large individual variation in the permeability of the carp erythrocyte membrane to 3-omg. although transport is inhibited by cytochalasin b and phloretin, the lack of saturation kinetics for transport in a physiologically relevant concentration range suggests either that a glucose transporter does not exist or that its affinity for glucose i ...19959318283
regulatory volume decrease in carp red blood cells: mechanisms and oxygenation-dependency of volume-activated potassium and amino acid transporthypo-osmotic swelling of carp red blood cells (rbcs) induced a regulatory volume decrease (rvd), which restored the original cell volume within 140 min in oxygenated rbcs, whereas volume recovery was incomplete in deoxygenated rbcs. the complete rvd in oxygenated rbcs resulted from a sustained volume-activated release of k+, cl- and amino acids (aas). in the absence of ouabain, the cells also lost na+ as released k+ was partially regained via the na+/k+ pump. inorganic osmolytes contributed appr ...19959317537
neurons with different immunoreactivity form clusters in the cns of helix pomatia.the distribution of serotonin (5ht-ir), fmrf amide (fmrf a-ir), catch-relaxing-peptide (carp-ir), dopamine (da-ir), gamma-amino-butyric-acid (gaba-ir), and leucokinin (lk-ir) immunoreactive neurons were compared in the ganglia of helix cns. these neurons are not distributed randomly, but their location outlines distinct groups in the ganglia. in a few groups only da-ir, gaba-ir and lk-ir neurons can be seen, whereas in the majority of groups fmrfa-ir, carp-ir and 5ht-ir neurons are localized tog ...19958853698
effects of an organophosphate on the antioxidant systems of fish tissues.the effect of a hungarian made and applied insecticide, organophosphate (dichlorvos) on antioxidant enzymes and other oxidative and redox parameters of two different fish species, carp (cyprinus carpio l.) and catfish (ictalurus nebulosus) was studied. the two fish species have different ways of life. from antioxidant enzymes, changes in superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and, in the case of carp, acetylcholinesterase activities were studied in tissue homogenates. other param ...19958714762
effect of potassium permanganate, cobalt chloride and vitamin b complex on the haematological parameters of cadmium treated common carp, cyprinus carpio.effect of potassium permanganate, cobalt chloride and vitamin b complex on the haematological parameters of common carp cyprinus carpio were markedly influenced by a treatment of 2.5 mg/l cd in the laboratory for 96 hours. hb% and esr values were increased but the rbc and pcv values were reduced. treatment of kmno4 (1 mg/l) or cocl2 (2 mg/l) induced a further reduction of rbc of the cd treated fish. but parameters like pcv, mcv and mch of cd treated fish were not affected by the treatment of kmn ...19958580524
the effect of dietary energy and protein concentration and feeding level on feed utilization and body composition of carp (cyprinus carpio l.).a three factorial designed feeding experiment with common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) was carried out in an intensive experimental rearing system. fish (initial body weight 200 g) were fed on two different levels of dietary energy (16 and 18 mj de/kg dm), two different levels of protein (320 and 420 g cp/kg dm) and also two different feeding intensities (100% and 75% of the maximum intake). the experiment was terminated when fish reached a mean body weight of 1300 g. growth, feed utilization and n ...19958526728
development of an in vitro model of essential fatty acid deficiency in fish cells.levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (epa; 20:5, n-3) greatly exceed those of arachidonic acid (aa; 20:4, n-6) in the tissue phospholipids of most fish species. despite this, it is 20:4, n-6-derived eicosanoids that are produced predominantly in fish cells. the development of an essential fatty acid (efa)-deficient fish cell line would greatly assist the study of this selectivity and so several fish cell lines were cultured in efa-deficient (efad) media. all n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (p ...19958596777
enzymological differences of ache and diazinon hepatic metabolism: correlation of in vitro data with the selective toxicity of diazinon to fish species.the in vitro hepatic metabolism of diazinon, as well as the sensitivity of the brain acetylcholine esterase, to diazoxon inhibitory action have been studied in order to explain the different toxicity of diazinon to oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout), poecilia reticulata (guppy), brachydanio rerio (zebra fish) and cyprinus carpio (carp). in spite of a very sensitive acetylcholine esterase the carp is very resistant to diazinon toxicity because of its very low rate of bioactivation and relatively ...19957481748
a mother and three daughters with congenital dislocation of the hip and a characteristic facial appearance: a new syndrome?we describe a mother and her three daughters who all have bilateral congenital dislocation of the hip. the mother has had no other medical problems and is on the 90th centile for height. her three daughters resemble each other strongly with facial characteristics which include hypertelorism, epicanthic folds, puffiness around the eyes, a flat mid-face and a carp-shaped mouth. all three daughters are on the 3rd centile for height, with their head circumference on a higher centile and all had an a ...19958574416
toxic effects, at three ph levels, of two reference molecules on common carp embryo.early life-stage survival, motility, and growth toxicity tests were carried out on common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) endotrophic embryo, with two reference molecules (captafol and dnoc), from fertilization to the end of the first two-thirds period of mortalities by starvation. thirteen days duration exposure was performed in daily renewed medium, at 24.5 degrees c, in standard synthetic water, at three phs (6.9, 7.8, 9.0), in the presence of 10 mm/liter nontoxic ph buffer. nominal concentrations ...19958565873
dietary exposure of mink to carp from saginaw bay, michigan: 2. hematology and liver pathology.the effects of consumption of environmental contaminants contained in carp (cyprinus carpio) from saginaw bay, michigan on various hematological parameters and liver integrity of adult female mink (mustela vision) were determined. mink were fed diets that contained 0 (control), 10, 20, or 40% carp prior to and throughout the reproductive period (182 days). the diets contained 0.015, 0.72, 1.53, and 2.56 mg polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs)/kg diet and 1.0, 19, 40, and 81 pg 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodib ...19957487160
dermocystidium koi found in skin lesions in koi carp (cyprinus carpio). 19958571508
residues of endosulfan in carp as an indicator of exposure conditions.: endosulfan is an organochlorine insecticide, consisting of a mixture of two isomers: alpha and beta endosulfan. endosulfan residues were determined in livers and gills of carp exposed to lethal and sublethal concentrations of endosulfan. the fish which were exposed to a lethal concentration contained the highest residue level in both liver and gills. in carp liver, the percentage of beta endosulfan in the residue decreased with time between exposure and collection of samples whereas the percen ...199524197829
molecular architecture and biophysical properties of phospholipids during thermal adaptation in fish: an experimental and model study.phospholipids from livers of carps (cyprinus carpio l.) adapted to winter (5 degrees c) and summer (25 degrees c) temperatures were isolated, and the fatty acid composition of total phospholipids, as well as molecular species composition of diacyl phosphatidylcholines and ethanolamines, were determined. order parameter of 5-doxyl stearic acid and steady-state fluorescence anisotropy of different anthroyloxy fatty acids--[2-, 12(n-9-anthroyloxy)stearic acid and 16(n-9-anthroyloxy)palmitic acid--e ...19958614302
retraction of spinule-type neurites from carp retinal horizontal cell dendrites during dark adaptation involves the activation of ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase ii.the formation of spinules at the terminal dendrites of retinal horizontal cells with the onset of light and their subsequent retraction during darkness is a remarkable example of synaptic plasticity where sensory experience modifies reversibly, and on a time scale of minutes the ultrastructure of synaptic connectivity. the signals and the subsequent intracellular cascades underlying the prominent morphological alterations are only partially understood. we show here that lowering the external cal ...19958528466
regulation of fish growth hormone transcription.regulation of endogenous fish growth hormone transcription was studied using carp pituitaries in vitro. it was demonstrated that thyroid hormone (t3) and 9-cis retinoic acid have increased the steady state levels of growth hormone messenger rna in pituitary cells, as compared with beta-actin messenger rna levels. in contrast, estrogen failed to increase growth hormone mrna levels. the possible involvement of thyroid hormone receptor in pituitary gene expression was demonstrated by in situ locali ...19957670597
acute hepatitis and renal failure following ingestion of raw carp gallbladders--maryland and pennsylvania, 1991 and 1994.in some cultures, eating gallbladders from certain species of snakes, birds, or fish is believed to improve health. a syndrome of acute hepatitis and renal failure following the ingestion of raw carp gallbladders has been described previously among persons living in asia (1-4). this report summarizes two cases of this syndrome that occurred in residents of pennsylvania who had eaten the raw bile and gallbladders of carp caught in maryland.19957616953
the effects of gonadal development and sex steroids on growth hormone secretion in the male tilapia hybrid (oreochromis niloticus × o. aureus).profiles of plasma growth hormone (gh) in male tilapia hybrid (oreochromis niloticus x o. aureus) were measured and compared at different times of the year. the profiles did not appear to be repetitive, however, differences in their nature were observed at the different seasons; the most erratic profiles were seen in the height of the reproductive season (july), while the peaks were more subdued in the spring and disappeared in the autumn. peaks in male fish were more prominent than in the femal ...199524197495
in vivo effects of deltamethrin exposure on activity and distribution of molecular forms of carp ache.the in vivo effects of the insecticide deltamethrin (dm) on the activity and molecular forms of acetylcholinesterase (ache, ec 3.1.1.7) were examined in different organs (brain, blood serum, heart, liver, and skeletal muscle) of carp. the chosen exposure conditions were a dm concentration of 2 micrograms/liter in the water (12 +/- 1 degrees c) for 3 days. all the treated fish survived the experiment, though the effects of the treatment were very visible: the fish always turned on their side, and ...19957498065
structure of deoxyhaemoglobin of the antarctic fish pagothenia bernacchii with an analysis of the structural basis of the root effect by comparison of the liganded and unliganded haemoglobin structures.we have determined the structure of deoxyhaemoglobin from the antarctic fish pagothenia bernacchii at ph 6.2 to a resolution of 2.2 a with x-ray data from a twinned crystal deconvoluted so as to approximate data from a single crystal. the r-factor between the (twinned) model and the observed data is 16% for reflections used in refinement and 22% for reflections not used in refinement. the t (deoxy) structure was compared with the r (liganded) structure at ph 8.0 in an attempt to understand the s ...19957623382
isomer-specific determination and toxic evaluation of polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorinated/brominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans, polybrominated biphenyl ethers, and extractable organic halogen in carp from the buffalo river, new york. 199522176457
a new fluorochromasia method using a fluorescence microplate reader for assay of cytotoxic activity of carp leucocytes.a new fluorochromasia method using a fluorescence microplate reader has been established to assay spontaneous cytotoxic activity of carp leucocytes. this method is characterized by using propidium iodide (pi) for staining dead target cells and a fluorescence microplate reader for measurement of the fluorescence of pi. k562 as target cells were prepared in 96-well flat-bottom microplates, and carp leucocytes were added as effector cells. after 2.5 h incubation, pi was added to each well. after an ...19958533295
uptake and tissue distribution of dietary and aqueous cadmium by carp (cyprinus carpio).the aim of this study was to assess whether contaminated prey can be a major source of cd for fish. for this purpose, the uptake and tissue distribution of dietary and aqueous cadmium by the carp (cyprinus carpio) was studied. the fish were exposed to either cd-contaminated food or cd-contaminated water for 4 weeks in laboratory experiments. when exposed to contaminated food, the fish were kept in clean water and fed contaminated chironomid larvae, equilibrated with 99 micrograms cd. liter-1. du ...19958521785
advanced rus and normal carpal bone age in childhood obesity.skeletal maturation was evaluated in 60 prepubertal children aged 7.7 +/- 0.27 years (range 2.7-12.6). the radius, ulna and short bones (rus) and the carpal (carp) bone age were assessed. height corresponded to 1 +/- 0.1 z scores.19958520642
small-diameter white myotomal muscle fibres associated with growth hyperplasia in the carp (cyprinus carpio) express a distinct myosin heavy chain gene.a carp myosin heavy chain gene isoform was isolated from a genomic clone, restriction mapped and partially sequenced to reveal the location of various exons. the clone contains a complete gene of approximately 12.0 kb which is half the size of the corresponding mammalian and avian myosin heavy chain genes. the mrna transcript of this gene, however, is the same size as mammalian and avian striated muscle myosin heavy chain genes (about 6000 nucleotides), illustrating that the difference in size a ...19957658191
expression of carp-cdx1, a caudal homolog, in embryos of the carp, cyprinus carpio.a carp caudal cdna of 1.3 kb was cloned after screening an early segmentation stage cdna library with a probe produced by pcr using conserved homeobox sequences as primers and genomic dna as template. the homeobox gene was called carp-cdxl. the gene appears highly similar to other vertebrate caudal homologs, especially the zebrafish gene cdx(zf-cad). the possible relationship to homeobox genes within the hox-c gene complexes is discussed. a weak expression of the gene, detected by in situ hybrid ...199528305738
alterations in protein metabolism in selected tissues of fish, cyprinus carpio, during sublethal concentration of cypermethrin.freshwater fish, cyprinus carpio, were exposed to sublethal concentration of cypermethrin (20 µg/l) for 6, 12, 24 and 48 h to determine the protein fractions, amino acids, protease, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, ammonia, urea and glutamine levels in gill, brain, liver and muscle tissues. total, structural and soluble proteins showed decrement; whereas free amino acids and the activities of protease, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase significantly inc ...199524197730
modulations in the levels of respiration and ions in carp cyprinus carpio (l.) exposed to cypermethrin.this paper reports an investigation of the sublethal toxicity of cypermethrin (20 µg/l) on the levels of respiration and selected ions in tissues of carp (cyprinus carpio l.). a significant decrease in o 2 consumption and ions was observed in gill, brain, liver and muscle tissues of cypermethrinexposed fish. the decreased rate of o 2 consumption may be due to inhibition of oxidative enzymes during cypermethrin stress.199524202343
distribution of catch-relaxing peptide (carp)-like immunoreactive neurons in the central and peripheral nervous system of helix pomatia.immunocytochemistry was performed on the nervous system of helix by the use of an antibody raised against a myotropic neuropeptide, the catch-relaxing peptide (carp), isolated from mytilus edulis. in each ganglion of the central nervous system of helix pomatia, numerous carp-immunoreactive cell bodies and a dense immunoreactive fiber system could be observed with a dominancy in the cerebral and pedal ganglia. the majority of the immunoreactive neurons are unipolar, although multipolar neurons al ...19957781031
binding of 241am to carp cytosolic fractions in vitro.recent studies on the competition between cd and radionuclides have been reported in marine species. the present investigation aims to study the binding of 241am to freshwater fish cytosolic fraction before and after cd-treatment. the main organs studied are the liver, kidneys and muscles. the distribution of americium in the liver cytosol of carp cadmium treated shows a preferential fixation on a 10 kda fraction with high sulfhydril compounds.19957492965
spontaneous branchioblastoma in a koi carp (cyprinus carpio). 19957625059
structure-activity relationship of phenolic compounds (phenol, pyrocatechol and hydroquinone) on natural lymphocytotoxicity of carp (cyprinus carpio).we have tested the effects of phenol and two diphenols (pyrocatechol and hydroquinone) on a non-specific immune response, i.e. the natural cytotoxic activity, of the carp. after a 12-day exposure of fish, at a concentration of 0.1 mg/l, hydroquinone appeared to exert the most immunotoxic effect in vivo. in vitro, after a preincubation of 1 h, phenol (10(-2) m), pyrocatechol (4.25 x 10(-4) m) and hydroquinone (4.25 x 10(-5) m) decreased the natural cytotoxic activity of lymphoid cell suspension. ...19957740548
in vivo effects of deltamethrin on some biochemical parameters of carp (cyprinus carpio l.).thein vivo effects of deltamethrin (dm) on the blood sugar level, the acetylcholinesterase (ache, ec 3.1.1.7) activities of the blood serum and various organs (heart, liver and intestine), the lactate dehydrogenase (ldh, ec 1.1.2.3), glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (got, ec 2.6.1.1), and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (gpt, ec 2.6.1.2) activities of the blood serum, the adenosine triphosphatases (ec 3.6.1.3; na(+)/k(+)-atpase and mg(2+)-atpase) activities of the erythrocyte plasma membrane and ...199524202271
dietary exposure of mink to carp from saginaw bay, michigan. 1. effects on reproduction and survival, and the potential risks to wild mink populations.carp (cyprinus carpio) collected from saginaw bay, michigan, containing 8.4 mg total polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs)/kg and 194 ng of 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin equivalents (teqs)/kg, were substituted for marine fish at levels of 0, 10, 20, or 40% in the diets of adult ranch mink (mustela vison). the diets, containing 0.015, 0.72, 1.53, and 2.56 mg pcbs/kg diet, or 1.03, 19.41, 40.02, and 80.76 ng teqs/kg diet, respectively, were fed to mink prior to and throughout the reproductive pe ...19957726645
catecholamine-induced changes in oxygen affinity of carp and trout blood.carp and trout blood maintained at low constant oxygen and carbon dioxide tensions was beta-stimulated. this activated the na+/h(+)-exchanger of the red cell membrane, leading to increases in red cell ph (phi) and cell water content, the latter resulting in dilution of hemoglobin and organic phosphates. the increase in phi was rapid and maintained throughout the experimental period, the trout red cells showing the largest increase. likewise swelling of the red cells was larger in trout than in c ...19957604184
differences in the thermal stability of acclimation temperature-associated types of carp myosin and its rod on differential scanning calorimetry.differential scanning calorimetry (dsc) was employed for studying the thermal unfolding of myosin and its rod part prepared from carp acclimated to 10 and 30 degrees c. differences in the thermal stability reflecting structural properties were clearly demonstrated by the dsc data obtained at ph 8.0 in 0.6 m kcl for the two types of carp myosin and rod. the transition temperatures on myosin and rod given by the major peaks for the 10 degrees c-acclimated carp were 33.9 and 47.4 degrees c and 33.0 ...19957893723
effects of adding various oils to the diet on growth, feed conversion and chemical composition of carp (cyprinus carpio).the suitability of various vegetable and fish oils was tested as feed components for one-summer-old carp fingerlings. five diets were used: a basal diet, which served as control feed, was supplemented with 10% corn-germ oil, 10% sunflower oil, 10% fish oil or 10% rapeseed oil, respectively. by means of the lipid supplementation the crude protein content decreased from 35.5% in the basal diet to 31.9% in the test diets, whereas the gross energy level increased from 16.3 to 18.9 mj/kg. the diets w ...19957668994
augmentation and suppression of the excitatory and inhibitory neuromuscular transmission induced by the ionophores, x-537a and a23187, in the red muscle of carp, cyprinus carpio.the effects of the ionophores, x-537a and a23187, on excitatory junction potentials (ejp), inhibitory junction potentials (ijp), diphasic junction potentials (diphasic jp) composed of ejp and ijp, and miniature excitatory junction potentials (mejp) were examined in the red muscles of carp, cyprinus carpio. when 25 microm x-537a and 5 microm a23187 were applied, the amplitude of ejp and ijp increased transiently, then decreased gradually, and finally disappeared. the duration of ejp and ijp was l ...19957474531
vimentin in a cold-water fish, the rainbow trout: highly conserved primary structure but unique assembly properties.we have isolated from a rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) spleen cdna library a clone coding for vimentin. the deduced amino acid sequence reveals a high degree of identity with vimentin from carp (81%), frog (71%), chick and human (73% each). large stretches in the central alpha-helical rod are identical within all four classes of vertebrates, but in 17 residues spread over the entire rod, the two fish differ distinctly from the tetrapod species. in addition, in the more diverged non-helical ...19968907703
comparison of the activity of carp and rat beta-actin gene regulatory sequences in tilapia and rainbow trout embryos.a comparative study on the level of expression of lacz reporter constructs driven by equivalent carp and rat beta-actin regulatory sequences was carried out in embryos of tilapia and rainbow trout. dna was microinjected into fertilised tilapia and rainbow trout eggs and the embryos/fry were assayed at various developmental stages for beta-galactosidase expression. we provide evidence to demonstrate that the carp beta-actin promoter/ lacz reporter gene is expressed at higher levels than the equiv ...19968914067
the adenohypophysis of the swamp eel, synbranchus marmoratus, an immunocytochemical analysis.the adenohypophyseal cell types of the protogynous fish synbranchus marmoratus were studied by histochemical and immunocytochemical staining with antisera raised against piscine and human pituitary hormones to ascertain their distribution. the prolactin (prl) cells were distributed in the rostral pars distalis and showed specific binding to antisera to carp and chum salmon prolactin. no reaction was observed with antiserum to human prolactin. the corticotrops showed strong immunoreactivity with ...19968916462
primary cultures of dispersed pituitary cells from estradiol-pretreated female silver eels (anguilla anguilla l.): immunocytochemical characterization of gonadotropic cells and stimulation of gonadotropin release.to analyze the multihormonal control mechanisms of gth secretion in the eel, primary culture of pituitary cells from control or estradiol-treated female silver eels, a treatment known to stimulate in vivo gth synthesis, was developed. dispersed eel pituitary cells obtained by enzymatic (trypsin/dnase) and mechanical dispersion were cultured in earles m199, at 18 degrees. immunoreactive gth (ir-gth) cells were characterized by the immunoperoxidase method, using antiserum to carp gth beta subunit. ...19968921361
protective effect of lysozyme-galactomannan or lysozyme-palmitic acid conjugates against edwardsiella tarda infection in carp, cyprinus carpio l.the protective effect of lysozyme-galactomannan or lysozyme-palmitic acid conjugates orally administered to carp, cyprinus carpio l. was investigated using a virulent strain of gram-negative edwardsiella tarda isolated from an infected fish. lysozyme-galactomannan conjugate was prepared through controlled maillard reaction. lysozyme-palmitic acid conjugate was prepared through base-catalyzed ester exchange using n-hydroxysuccinimide ester of palmitic acid. the conjugates provided substantial pro ...19968925907
[detection of the spring viremia of carp virus by hybridization with nonradioactive dna probes].in order to detect spring viraemia of carp virus, dna probes have been constructed using reverse transcription-pcr amplification technique and cdna cloning in plasmid and phage vectors. the sensitivity and specificity of viral rna detection was assessed using nonradioactive probes in infected fhm cell culture and in tissues from dead fish. viral rna was more frequently detected in the brain and gill than in the abdominal organs.19968927059
characterization of isogenic carp (cyprinus carpio l.) lines with a genetically determined high or low antibody production.antibody production to dinitrophenyl-keyhole limpet haemocyanin (dnp-klh) served as the immune parameter to divergently select carp (cyprinus carpio l.) to produce high- and low-responder f1 hybrid lines. antibody production to trinitrophenyl-lipopolysaccharide (tnp-lps) and to dnp-klh were similar in magnitude. by contrast, some high-responder lines were low responders to dnp-human serum albumin, and vice versa. low-responder carp were relatively susceptible to infection with the parasite trypa ...19968930071
fish biliary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites estimated by fixed-wavelength fluorescence: comparison with hplc-fluorescent detection.fixed wavelength fluorescence (ff) was compared to high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (hplc-f) as an estimation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah) exposure to fish. two excitation/emission wavelength pairs were used to measure naphthalene- and benzo[a]pyrene (b[a]p)-type metabolites. early nonmetabolite fluorescent peaks were negligible in hplc chromatograms of bile of brown bullhead, white sucker, and common carp. linear regression analysis of ff and hplc-f ...19968930501
a radioimmunoassay for african catfish growth hormone: validation and effects of substances modulating the release of growth hormone.a highly sensitive radioimmunoassay has been developed for measuring plasma growth hormone (gh) concentrations in the african catfish (clarias gariepinus). the lower detection limit of the assay was 0.1 ng/ml and the standard curve had an ed50 value of 0.5 ng/ml. the validity of the assay was established and the effects of several neurotransmitters on the release of gh were examined. in vitro experiments, using a static culture system for dispersed pituitary cells, demonstrated that the gh relea ...19968930605
production of recombinant insulin-like growth factor-ii in the development of a radioimmunoassay in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss).rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) insulin-like growth factor-ii (igf-ii) cdna was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and cloned into an expression vector (parhs3) for production by escherichia coli. recombinant rainbow trout igf-ii (rtigf-ii) was recovered from bacterial inclusion bodies, solubilized, and purified by gel filtration chromatography under reducing conditions. after refolding of the peptide by dialysis at basic ph, we obtained a final yield of 820 microgr ...19968930606
comparative effects of diverse vertebrate gonadotropins on estradiol-17 beta formation in vitro in an immature rat sertoli cell bioassay.the biopotencies of pituitary gonadotropins (gths) from various vertebrate classes were examined in an in vitro rat sertoli cell bioassay which was previously established for mammalian follicle-stimulating hormones (fshs). potencies of the gonadotropins were determined by incubation of sertoli cells obtained from 10-day-old rats, with increasing doses of gths, which resulted in dose-related and parallel estradiol-17 beta formation converted from added 19-hydroxy-androstenedione. in general, mamm ...19968930616
effects induced by feeding organochlorine-contaminated carp from saginaw bay, lake huron, to laying white leghorn hens. i. effects on health of adult hens, egg production, and fertility.this study was conducted to determine the effects of consumption of halogenated hydrocarbon compounds, primarily polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), contained in great lakes fish by the domestic chicken (gallus domesticus). in this article we report the results of feeding white leghorn hens for a period of 8 wk diets that contained 31-35% ocean fish and/or carp (cyprinus carpio) from saginaw bay, lake huron, mi, which provided 0.3 (control), 0.8 (low-dose group), or 6.6 (high-dose group) mg pcb/kg ...19968931740
effects induced by feeding organochlorine-contaminated carp from saginaw bay, lake huron, to laying white leghorn hens. ii. embryotoxic and teratogenic effects.carp from saginaw bay, lake huron, mi, was fed to white leghorn chickens for a period of 8 wk. the diets contained 0.3 (control; 0% carp), 0.8 (3.4% carp), and 6.6 (35% carp) mg polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs)/kg diet, by wet weight (ww). these concentrations corresponded to 3.3, 26, and 59 pg 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd) equivalents/g diet ww, respectively. though the diets were not acutely toxic to the adult laying hens, dose- and time-dependent responses were observed in the em ...19968931741
two amino acid residues in the iiis5 segment of l-type calcium channels differentially contribute to 1,4-dihydropyridine sensitivity.the transmembrane segment iiis5 of the l-type calcium channel alpha1 subunit participates in the formation of the 1,4-dihydropyridine (dhp) interaction domain (grabner, m., wang, z., hering, s., striessnig, j., and glossmann, h. (1996) neuron 16, 207-218). we applied mutational analysis to identify amino acid residues within this segment that contribute to dhp sensitivity. dhp agonist and antagonist modulation of ba2+ inward currents was assessed after coexpression of chimeric and mutant calcium ...19968939992
carp cdna sequence encoding a putative diazepam-binding inhibitor/endozepine/acyl-coa-binding protein.a full-length cdna coding for common carp diazepam-binding inhibitor (dbi)/endozepine (ep)/acyl-coa-binding protein (acbp) was isolated and sequenced. the deduced dbi/ep/acbp is comprised of 87 amino acids (including initiating methionine) without possessing a signal peptide. common carp dbi/ep/acbp displays 77%, 78%, 70%, 63%, 61% and 45% identity with human, bovine, rat, frog, duck and yeast dbi/ep/acbp, respectively.19968948484
ca2+ sensitivity and caffeine-induced changes in skinned cardiac muscle fibers of the carp, cyprinus carpio.ca2+ sensitivity and caffeine-induced sensitivity changes in skinned carp heart fibers were compared with those of guinea pig and rat heart. the ca2+ concentration-response curves of saponin-treated left atrial skinned fibers obtained from guinea pig and rat were almost identical. doses of 5 and 20 mmol.l-1 caffeine shifted this curve to the left. however, when a relatively high concentration (50 mmol.l-1) of caffeine was used, the left-ward shift was reduced. caffeine reduced the peak of the ca ...19968956502
de novo balanced translocation (6;18)(q21;q21.3 or q22) [corrected] in a patient with heterotaxia.we report on a sporadic case of heterotaxia with a de novo chromosome structural abnormality. the patient had inversely located heart (dextrocardia), stomach, duodenum, and cecum. in addition, she had cerebral atrophy, hypertelorism with telecanthus, infraorbital skin furrows, ear-lobe grooves, prominent maxilla and teeth, large carp mouth, short fifth fingers with limited flexion, generalized hypotonicity, and severe psychomotor retardation. high-resolution chromosome banding analysis demonstra ...19968958327
Refresh
firstprev
...21222324252627282930...
nextlast
Displaying items 2301 - 2400 of 7554