Publications

interaction between drought and chronic high temperature during kernel filling in wheat in a controlled environment.	wheat plants (triticum aestivum l. 'lyallpur'), limited to a single culm, were grown at day/night temperatures of either 18/13 degrees c (moderate temperature), or 27/22 degrees c (chronic high temperature) from the time of anthesis. plants were either non-droughted or subjected to two post-anthesis water stresses by withholding water from plants grown in different volumes of potting mix. in selected plants the demand for assimilates by the ear was reduced by removal of all but the five central ...	2002	12324270
transfer of rye chromosome segments to wheat by a gametocidal system.	a gametocidal chromosome derived from aegilops triuncialis (3c) induces chromosome mutations in gametes lacking the 3c chromosome in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). we combined 3c with chromosome 1r of rye (secale cereale l.) in a common wheat line to know how efficiently 3c induces transfers of small 1r segments to wheat. in the 811 progeny of this wheat line, we found five wheat chromosomes (2a, 2d, 3d, 5d and 7d) carrying segments of the 1r satellite. wheat plants carrying these transloc ...	2002	12296517
a germination-related gene encoding a serine carboxypeptidase is expressed during the differentiation of the vascular tissue in wheat grains and seedlings.	carboxypeptidases expressed in the aleurone layer participate in the mobilization of endosperm storage proteins during cereal grain germination. the genes encoding these proteins are also expressed in the scutellum of germinating grains, but their function in this organ is not yet clear. we have analyzed the expression of a carboxypeptidase iii (cpiii) gene in germinating wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grains. cpiii transcripts accumulated transiently in the scutellum showing a maximum at 2-3 days ...	2002	12244437
transgenic wheat plants resistant to herbicide basta obtained by microprojectile bombardment.	wheat (triticum aestivum) transgenic plants of an important commercial cv (oasis) was obtained with an efficient and short procedure. first, the optimum conditions for the embryogenic calli generation from immature embryos with a high regeneration percentage were established. the transformation of calli was performed by high velocity microprojectile bombardment, using the pahc25 plasmid, which contains the reporter gene beta-glucuronidase (gus) and the selectable bar gene which confers resistanc ...	2002	12240555
[reorganization of the tubulin and actin cytoskeleton under acclimation and abscisic acid treatment of triticum aestivum l. plants].	only scanty and contradictory data are available concerning effects of low temperatures and aba on the structural organization of microtubules (mts) and microfilaments (mfs), and no information exists on the interaction of these parameters at cold acclimation of plants. therefore, in cold acclimate and aba-treated winter wheat plants, a comparative study was made of the state (localization, orientation, structure) and stability of actin and tubulin cytoskeleton in root cells taken from different ...	2002	12236096
arabinoxylan biosynthesis in wheat. characterization of arabinosyltransferase activity in golgi membranes.	arabinoxylan arabinosyltransferase (ax-arat) activity was investigated using microsomes and golgi vesicles isolated from wheat (triticum aestivum) seedlings. incubation of microsomes with udp-[(14)c]-beta-l-arabinopyranose resulted in incorporation of radioactivity into two different products, although most of the radioactivity was present in xylose (xyl), indicating a high degree of udp-arabinose (ara) epimerization. in isolated golgi vesicles, the epimerization was negligible, and incubation w ...	2002	12226522
tandemly duplicated safener-induced glutathione s-transferase genes from triticum tauschii contribute to genome- and organ-specific expression in hexaploid wheat.	glutathione s-transferase (gst) gene expression was examined in several triticum species, differing in genome constitution and ploidy level, to determine genome contribution to gst expression in cultivated, hexaploid bread wheat (triticum aestivum). two tandemly duplicated tau class gst genes (ttgstu1 and ttgstu2) were isolated from a single bacterial artificial chromosome clone in a library constructed from the diploid wheat and d genome progenitor to cultivated wheat, triticum tauschii. the ge ...	2002	12226515
water stress, co2 and photoperiod influence hormone levels in wheat.	'super dwarf' wheat (triticum aestivum l.) plants have been grown from seed to maturity in the mir space station where they were periodically exposed, because of microgravity and other constraints, to water deficit, waterlogging, high co2 levels, and low light intensities. the plants produced many tillers, but none of them produced viable seed. studies have been initiated to determine why the plants responded in these ways. in the present study, effects of the listed stresses on abscisic acid (a ...	2002	12030268
molecular analysis of the barley ( hordeum vulgare l.) gene encoding the protein kinase pkaba1 capable of suppressing gibberellin action in aleurone layers.	abscisic acid (aba) induces the expression of a gene encoding a protein kinase, pkaba1, in wheat ( triticum aestivum l.). transient expression of the cdna encoding this kinase suppresses the gibberellin (ga)-induced expression of alpha-amylase genes in barley ( hordeum vulgare l.) aleurone layers. we have cloned the cdna and genomic sequences for the barley pkaba1 (hvpkaba1) to further study its role in regulating the ga-inducible gene expression in barley seeds. the amino acid sequence deduced ...	2002	12029482
wheat fkbp73 functions in vitro as a molecular chaperone independently of its peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity.	peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerases (ppiases) catalyse protein folding by accelerating the slow step of cis-trans isomerisation of peptidyl-prolyl bonds. wheat (triticum aestivum l.) fkbp73 (wfkbp73) is a peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase belonging to the fk506-binding protein (fkbp) family. it comprises three fkbp12-like domains, tetratricopeptide repeats and a calmodulin-binding domain (cambd). in vitro studies indicated that wfkbp73 possesses ppiase activity, binds calmodulin and forms a h ...	2002	12012248
a new biochemical marker for aluminium tolerance in plants.	al was shown to elicit the induction of several pathogenesis-related genes, suggesting that a common signalling pathway may be involved in the early response to al and pathogens. however, we found no evidence of oxidative burst involving either h2o2 or o2- during the first hours of al exposure distinguishing the early response to al from a common response to pathogen infection. we identified a strong superoxide dismutase insensitive nitro blue tetrazolium (nbt) reduction activity in the root tip ...	2002	12010470
[effect of clipping at seedling stage on growth and yield of spring wheat].	the compensation for spring wheat (triticum aestivum) under simulated herbivory stress by clipping was examined in a semi-arid region of gansu province in 1996. the results showed that clipping at seedling stage reduced spring wheat growth under two irrigation conditions. the yield of spring wheat generally under-compensated the clipping effect. heavy clipping (cutting all leaves above the ground, t0, t1) resulted in a more serious reduction in yield, compared with light clipping cutting half of ...	2002	12222043
combinatorial labelling of dna probes enables multicolour fluorescence in situ hybridisation in plants.	this paper demonstrates a simple but effective use of combinatorial probes to label plant chromosomes by multicolour fluorescence in situ hybridisation (fish). three different dna probes were labelled with only two different fluorophores, hybridised to somatic metaphase chromosomes of secale cereale and triticum aestivum, simultaneously visualised, and unequivocally distinguished in a single fish experiment. combinatorial labelling can augment karyotypical investigations, physical mapping of chr ...	2002	12219843
flow cytometric analyses of intraplant nuclear dna content variation induced by sticky chromosomes.	in several plant species, sticky chromosomes are a consequence of genetic mutations or environmental effects on mitosis and meiosis. sticky chromosomes result in an unequal distribution of genetic material in daughter cells. this unequal distribution is hypothesized to result in an increase in the coefficient of variation (cv) of the g1 peak of dividing cells.	2002	12210609
transport interactions between cadmium and zinc in roots of bread and durum wheat seedlings.	field studies have shown that the addition of zn to cd-containing soils can help reduce accumulation of cd in crop plants. to understand the mechanisms involved, this study used 109cd and 65zn to examine the transport interactions of zn and cd at the root cell plasma membrane of bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and durum wheat (triticum turgidum l. var. durum). results showed that cd2+ uptake was inhibited by zn2+ and zn2+ uptake was inhibited by cd2+. concentration-dependent uptake of both cd ...	2002	12207664
mapping quantitative trait loci for plant height in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) using a f2:3 population.	to detect quantitative trait loci (qtls) controlling plant height, the plant height of 240 f2:3 lines derived from the cross of a dwarf wheat line nd3338 with a tall line f390, was assessed in field trials at two locations with three replications in 2000 and 2001. microsatellite markers were used to construct a framework linkage map containing 215 loci with 21 linkage groups, and covering the whole genome about 3600cm. with the method of interval mapping, seven putative qtls affecting plant heig ...	2002	12200862
[screening for resistance gene candidate from a genomic tac library of triticum aestivum-haynaldia villosa translocation line 6vs/6al by pooled pcr].	a pair of degenerate primers were designed based on nbs (nucleotide binding site, nbs) domain of resistance(r) gene and used to perform pcr with cdna from the translocation line 6vs/6al of triticum aestivum-haynaldia villosa. a clone (n7) characterized with nbs was obtained by sequencing analysis. two specific primers were designed from the n7 sequence and used to screen a genomic tac (transformation-competent artificial chromosome, tac) library of 6vs/6al consisting of ca. 2 x 10(6) clones. the ...	2002	12192864
[identification of blue grained wheat and its irradiation-mutated offsprings by genomic in situ hybridization (gish)].	transferring useful chromosome(s), chromosomal fragment(s) or genes from related species into common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is an effective method for improving wheat cultivars, and dna:dna in situ hybridization has been proven to be an effective method for directly demonstrating alien chromosome number and distribution in plant. in this study, genomic in situ hybridization (gish) was used to identify the chromosomal constitutions of the blue-grained wheat blue-58 originated from distant h ...	2002	12182082
genomic targeting and high-resolution mapping of the domestication gene q in wheat.	the q locus is largely responsible for the domestication of bread wheat. q confers the free-threshing character of the spike and influences other important agronomic traits. using chromosome deletion lines, q was placed on the physical map within a submicroscopic segment of the long arm of chromosome 5a. we targeted markers to the segment by comparative mapping of anonymous rflp clones, aflp, and mrna differential display analysis of deletion lines 5al-7 and -23, which have deletion breakpoints ...	2002	12175074
assessment of genomic diversity among wheat genotypes as determined by simple sequence repeats.	simple sequence repeats (ssrs) have been used to examine the genomic diversity of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) germplasm. thirteen wheat genotypes of diverse origin were analyzed with 43 selected ssrs to provide uniform and maximum genome coverage. a total of 156 allelic variants were detected at 43 ssr loci, ranging from two to eight per locus with an average of 3.6. the polymorphic information content (pic) values of the loci ranged from 0.10 (xgwm264) to 0.89 (xgwm471 and xgwm577). genetic si ...	2002	12175067
assessment of plant uptake of radioactive nickel from soils.	as a result of isotopic dilution, the availability to plants of radioisotopes introduced into the soil solution should be directly related to the size of the isotopically exchangeable pool (e(t))-value). this work was undertaken to test this hypothesis for the radionuclide 63ni. the demonstration was based on pot experiments conducted with seven soils representing a large range of ni content (from 9.9 mg kg(-1) to 862.6 mg kg(-1)) which were mixed with a 63nicl2 solution (100 kbq kg(-1)). three ...	2002	12171471
differential stress responses of early salt-stress responding genes in common wheat.	four early salt-stress responding genes (wesr1-4) in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) were analyzed for their temporal accumulation of mrna during salt stress, osmotic stress and abscisic acid (aba) treatment. all genes showed transient stimulation by 0.15 m nacl treatment. wesr1 and wesr2 were induced by both osmotic stress and exogenous aba treatment. wesr3 responded to exogenous aba, but not to osmotic stress. wesr4 did not show significant response to either osmotic stress or exogenous ab ...	2002	12169305
effects of aluminum on physiological metabolism and antioxidant system of wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	the al-tolerant cultivar tam202 and the al-sensitive cultivar tam 105 of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) were exposed to 0, 50, 75, 100 or 150 microm of al. the absorption of al by wheat, the growth of root, several key enzymes concerned with c, n and p metabolism, as well as key constituents of antioxidant system, were investigated. the results showed that tam105 absorbed more al than tam202 and its root growth (presented by the length) was inhibited more severely. the root growth was most ...	2002	11996140
wheat grass juice in the treatment of active distal ulcerative colitis: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial.	the use of wheat grass (triticum aestivum) juice for treatment of various gastrointestinal and other conditions had been suggested by its proponents for more than 30 years, but was never clinically assessed in a controlled trial. a preliminary unpublished pilot study suggested efficacy of wheat grass juice in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (uc).	2002	11989836
[effects of soil ph value on the bioavailability and fractionation of rare earth elements in wheat seedling (triticum aestivum l.)].	the effect of soil ph value on the bioavailability and fractionation of rare earth elements (rees) in wheat seedling (triticum aestivum l.) were investigated. the results showed that the concentration of rees in wheat decreased with increasing ph value, and their inter-relationship was best expressed as quadratic equation, with correlation coefficients from 0.6003 to 0.9572. the response of individual elements to ph value change tended to be ce > la > nd > sm > gd > yb > eu, with ce most sensiti ...	2002	11987417
characterisation of mildew resistant wheat-rye substitution lines and identification of an inverted chromosome by fluorescent in situ hybridisation.	seven different mildew resistant wheat lines derived from crosses between triticale and bread wheat were examined by molecular cytogenetics and chromosome c-banding in order to determine their chromosomal composition. genomic in situ hybridisation (gish) showed the presence of rye germplasm in all the lines and identified three substitution lines, three double substitution lines and one addition-substitution line. c-banding identified rye chromosomes 1r and 4r in the addition-substitution line, ...	2002	11986870
[structural changes of 4v chromosome of haynaldia villosa induced by gametocidal chromosome 3c of aegilops triuncialis].	chromosome 3c of aegilops triuncialis was discovered with ability to be transferred preferentially in the case of its monosomic status in wheat background, whereas, those gametes without 3c would result in chromosome structural changes including deletions and translocations. in the present study, triticum aestivum-haynaldia villosa substitution line 4v(4d) developed in our laboratory, was crossed to t. aestivum c.v. norin 26-aegilops triuncialis 3c addition line, and the hybrids f1 were then bac ...	2002	11985271
[development of triticum aestivum-leymus racemosus translocation lines nau601 and nau618 and their test-cross analysis with double ditelosomic].	two triticum aestivum-leymus racemosus disomic translocation lines were selected and identified from irradiated progenies of t. aestivum-l. racemosus addition lines lr. 2 and lr. 7 by somotic chromosome c-banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization by using l. racemosus genomic dna as probe. nau618 (ms142-3), 2n = 44, is a disomic addition translocation line with a pair of translocated chromosome consisting of 5/6 length of l. racemosus chromosome lr. 7 (including centromere) and 1/3 distal p ...	2002	11985270
nitrate reductase from winter wheat leaves is activated at low temperature via protein dephosphorylation.	the effect of short-term low temperature treatment on nitrate reductase (nr, ec 1.6.6.1) activity, nr protein and nr transcript levels in excised leaves of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. sadovo-1) was investigated. nr activity, measured in the presence of mg2+ (nract), doubled within 2 h at 4 degrees c, whereas nr activity, measured in the presence of edta (nrmax), did not respond to the cold treatment. such an activation of nr occurred only if leaves were exposed to low temperature in t ...	2002	11982936
[study of the backcross progeny of barley-wheat hybrids by the rapd and rampo methods].	the genomes of alloplasmic wheat lines were analyzed by pcr-based methods: random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) and random amplified microsatellite polymorphism (rampo). lines l-16(1) and l-17(2) were obtained by three backcrosses and line l-79(10), by four backcrosses of the barely-wheat hybrid hordeum vulgare (2n = 14) (variety nepolegayuschii) x triticum aestivum (2n = 42) (variety saratovskaya 29) with different common wheat varieties. these lines proved to be euploid (2n = 42). the aneup ...	2002	11963561
vernalization-induced changes of the dna methylation pattern in winter wheat.	vernalization is a cold treatment that induces or accelerates flowering and insures that temperate-zone plants will not flower until after winter. there is evidence that vernalization results in dna demethylation that induces flowering. differences in dna methylation can be determined using methylation-sensitive amplified fragment length polymorphisms (aflps). methylation-sensitive aflps utilize restriction enzyme isoschizomers that are differentially sensitive to methylation, producing polymorp ...	2002	11962622
changes in mass and energy transfer between the canopy and the atmosphere: model development and testing with a free-air co2 enrichment (face) experiment.	the rationale for this study is found in the probable higher temperatures and changes in rainfall patterns that are expected in the future as a result of increasing levels of co2 in the atmosphere. in particular, higher air temperatures may cause an increase in evapotranspiration demand while a reduction in rainfall could increase the severity and duration of drought in arid and semi-arid regions. representation of the water transfer scheme includes water uptake by roots and the interaction betw ...	2002	11931099
activation of polyphenol oxidase in extracts of bran from several wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivars using organic solvents, detergents, and chaotropes.	polyphenol oxidase (ppo), known to induce browning in wheat-based products, has been shown to be activatable in wheat (triticum aestivum) bran extracts by chemical compounds. the activity in the extracts could be increased to varying degrees with acetone, methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, and n-butanol as additives in the extraction buffer. the most potent alcoholic activator was n-butanol (about a 3-fold increase), followed by 2-propanol and ethanol, whereas methanol had the least effect. ionic de ...	2002	11929305
temperature acclimation of photosynthesis and related changes in photosystem ii electron transport in winter wheat.	winter wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv norin no. 61) was grown at 25 degrees c until the third leaves reached about 10 cm in length and then at 15 degrees c, 25 degrees c, or 35 degrees c until full development of the third leaves (about 1 week at 25 degrees c, but 2-3 weeks at 15 degrees c or 35 degrees c). in the leaves developed at 15 degrees c, 25 degrees c, and 35 degrees c, the optimum temperature for co(2)-saturated photosynthesis was 15 degrees c to 20 degrees c, 25 degrees c to 30 degree ...	2002	11891263
an application of linear regression technique for predicting bulgur yield and quality of wheat cultivars.	grains of 26 turkish wheat cultivars and advanced breeding lines were used in this study. simple correlations between a number of quality parameters to predict bulgur yield and bulgur cooking quality were determined. highly significant correlations between bulgur yield and each of the thousand-kernel weight and the sum of the grain over 2.8 + 2.5 mm sieves were obtained for both durum and bread wheat samples (p < 0.01). the regression equations showed that the models involving two variables (the ...	2002	11890049
ecological toxicity of reactive x-3b red dye and cadmium acting on wheat (triticum aestivum).	ecological toxicity of reactive x-3b red dye and cadmium in both their single form and their combined form on wheat was studied using the experimental method of seed and root exposure. the single-factor exposure indicated that the inhibitory rate of wheat root elongation was significantly increased with the increase in the concentration of the dye in the cultural solution, although seed germination of wheat was not sensitive to the dye. the toxicity of cadmium was greatly higher than that of the ...	2002	11887311
synergistic action of ultraviolet-b radiation and cadmium on the growth of wheat seedlings.	the increase in ground level uv-b radiation as a result of stratospheric ozone depletion may have major deleterious effects on crop photosynthesis and productivity. plants are exposed to uv-b and other xenobiotics simultaneously in today's industrialized world. the present studies were undertaken to see the effect of dual stress of uv-b and cd2+ exposure on the growth of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings. the plants grown in 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, and 5.0 ppm cd2+-supplemented medium were exp ...	2002	11886182
production of wheat doubled haploids by pollination with job's tears (coix lachryma-jobi. l.).	wheat (triticum aestivum l.) haploids were produced by crossing with job's tears (coix lachryma-jobi l.) as the pollen parent. pollination was followed by 2,4-d treatment, detached tiller culture, and embryo culture, as described for maize pollination. the frequency of embryo formation was similar to that obtained by crossing wheat with maize pollen. job's tears is a perennial plant which forms several stalks and its pollen can be collected throughout the year when the plant is maintained in a c ...	2002	11336235
production of near-isogenic lines and marked monosomic lines in common wheat (triticum aestivum) cv. chinese spring.	sixteen near-isogenic lines (nils) carrying a marker gene were produced by the recurrent backcrossing method in the genetic background of common wheat (triticum aestivum) cv. chinese spring (cs). three genes from alien species showed segregation distortion. in nils carrying a marker gene of rye (secale cereale) or aegilops caudata, the alien chromosome segments were detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish). the nils were grown with replications and the effect of marker genes on plan ...	2002	11447241
o-glucosyltransferase activities toward phenolic natural products and xenobiotics in wheat and herbicide-resistant and herbicide-susceptible black-grass (alopecurus myosuroides).	herbicide safeners manipulate herbicide selectivity by enhancing the activities of detoxifying enzymes, such as glutathione transferases (gsts) and cytochrome p450 mono-oxygenases (cyps) in cereal crops. as part of a study examining the importance of o-glucosyltransferases (ogts) in pesticide metabolism in hexaploid bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.), seedlings were grown in the presence of dichlormid, a safener used in maize and cloquintocet mexyl, a wheat safener. the efficacy of the treatment ...	2002	11809449
pistillody, homeotic transformation of stamens into pistil-like structures, caused by nuclear-cytoplasm interaction in wheat.	homeotic transformation of stamens into pistil-like structures (pistillody) has been observed in a cytoplasmic substitution (alloplasmic) line of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cv. norin 26, which has the cytoplasm of a wild relative species, aegilops crassa l. on the other hand, an alloplasmic line of wheat cv. chinese spring (cs) with ae. crassa cytoplasm has normal flowers. this is due to the presence in the cs nucleus of a fertility-restoring gene, rfd1. deletion mapping analysis revealed that ...	2002	11851918
nitrogen assimilation and growth of wheat under elevated carbon dioxide.	simultaneous measurements of co(2) and o(2) fluxes from wheat (triticum aestivum) shoots indicated that short-term exposures to elevated co(2) concentrations diverted photosynthetic reductant from no(3)(-) or no(2)(-) reduction to co(2) fixation. with longer exposures to elevated co(2), wheat leaves showed a diminished capacity for no(3)(-) photoassimilation at any co(2) concentration. moreover, high bicarbonate levels impeded no(2)(-) translocation into chloroplasts isolated from wheat or pea l ...	2002	11818528
the sugary-type isoamylase in wheat: tissue distribution and subcellular localisation.	to gain an increased understanding of the role of isoamylase (ec 3.2.1.68) in amylopectin synthesis, we studied the tissue-specific distribution and subcellular localisation of this enzyme in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). a cdna for wheat isoamylase was isolated from an endosperm-specific library and the missing 5' end was amplified by anchored polymerase chain reaction. isoamylase transcripts were detected in reproductive and vegetative tissues, with the highest levels occurring in developing k ...	2002	11882952
occurrence of zearalenone-4-beta-d-glucopyranoside in wheat.	an lc-ms method was developed for the analysis of zearalenone-4-beta-d-glucopyranoside and zearalenone in wheat (triticum aestivum). the limit of determination for zearalenone-4-beta-d-glucopyranoside and zearalenone was 10 microg/kg. the recovery rates were calculated to be 69% and 89% at a concentration of 100 microg/kg for zearalenone-4-beta-d-glucopyranoside and zearalenone, respectively. twenty-four bavarian wheat samples from a 1999 harvest were analyzed. zearalenone was present in 22 of 2 ...	2002	11879067
free radical scavenging properties of wheat extracts.	three hard winter wheat varieties (akron, trego, and platte) were examined and compared for their free radical scavenging properties and total phenolic contents (tpc). free radical scavenging properties of wheat grain extracts were evaluated by spectrophotometric and electron spin resonance (esr) spectrometry methods against stable 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl radical (dpph) and radical cation abts+ (2,2'-azino-di[3-ethylbenzthiazoline sulfonate]). the results showed that the three wheat extra ...	2002	11879046
cadmium and zinc interactions and their transfer in soil-crop system under actual field conditions.	the transfer of cd and zn from calcareous soils nearby a non-ferrous mining and smelting bases to the spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and corn (zea mays l.) tissues and the interactions between the two metals concerned were investigated under actual field conditions. samples of soils and entire crops were randomly collected during harvest time in 1998 in the baiyin region. the soil metal contents showed that the furrows had been polluted (mean values: 3.16 mg kg(-1) for cd; 146.78 mg kg(-1) ...	2002	11874041
a gene encoding multidrug resistance (mdr)-like protein is induced by aluminum and inhibitors of calcium flux in wheat.	a cdna clone exclusively induced by aluminum (al) was isolated from root apices of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) by the differential display method. the predicted amino acid sequence exhibited homology to the multidrug resistance (mdr) proteins that is known as a member of the atp-binding cassette (abc) protein superfamily. thus this gene was named tamdr1 (triticum aestivum mdr). tamdr1 was induced as a function of al concentration in the range from 5 to 50 microm, which is in the range of al con ...	2002	11867697
in-situ comparative mapping (iscm) of glu-1 loci in triticum and hordeum.	the ability to detect small low- or single-copy dna sequences by fluorescence in-situ hybridization (fish) is an important step towards physical mapping of plant genomes. in this study, the fish technique was used to physically map the glu-1 loci controlling high-molecular weight (hmw) glutenin in common wheat (triticum aestivum cv. 'chinese spring') and tritordeum (an amphiploid between t. turgidum cv. durum and hordeum chilense). the probe used was the single-copy glu-d1-1d gene coding the 1dx ...	2002	11863070
adp-glucose pyrophosphorylase from wheat endosperm. purification and characterization of an enzyme with novel regulatory properties.	adp-glucose pyrophosphorylase (agpase; ec 2.7.7.27) was purified and characterized from two wheat (triticum aestivum l.) tissues: leaf and endosperm. the leaf enzyme, purified over 1,300-fold, was found to be a heterotetramer composed of subunits of 51 and 54 kda and possessing regulatory properties typical of agpases from photosynthetic tissues, being mainly regulated by 3-phosphoglycerate (activator; a0.5=0.01 mm) and orthophosphate (inhibitor; i0.5=0.2 mm). conversely, the enzyme from wheat e ...	2002	11855648
improving intrinsic water-use efficiency and crop yield.	greater yield per unit rainfall is one of the most important challenges in dryland agriculture. improving intrinsic water-use efficiency (w(t)), the ratio of co(2) assimilation rate to transpiration rate at the stomata, may be one means of achieving this goal. carbon isotope discrimination (delta(13)c) is recognized as a reliable surrogate for w(t) and there have now been numerous studies which have examined the relationship between crop yield and w(t) (measured as delta(13)c). these studies hav ...	2002	11756262
biplot analysis of diallel data.	diallel crosses have been used in genetic research to determine the inheritance of important traits among a set of genotypes and to identify superior parents for hybrid or cultivar development. conventional diallel analysis is limited to partitioning the total variation of the data into general combining ability (gca) of each genotype and specific combining ability (sca) of each cross. in this paper we formulate a biplot approach for graphical diallel analysis. the biplot is constructed by the f ...	2002	11756249
change in ultrastructure of apical cells in wheat shoots in ontogenesis.	electron microscopy and morphometric studies were made of apical meristem cells of a shoot of wheat (triticum aestivum l., variety saratovskaya-29) at various phases of ontogenesis: vegetative, prefloral, and beginning of flowering (from seed embryo to the beginning of formation of the head). it was demonstrated that during this period there are changes in cytoplasmic structures, their number, proportions, and internal structures. changes were disclosed which were linked to the hereditary course ...	2002	7437483
translocation and metabolic fate of monosodium methanearsonic acid in wheat (triticum aestivum l).		2002	1002900
evaluation of branched ear derivatives of triticum aestivum l.	the branched spikes of triticum turgidum l. have a potential of producing a high number of kernels. some of the selected lines of t. turgidum yielded up to 150 kernels per spike as compared to 60--70 kernels per spike in the common wheat cultivar chenab-70. the best of these lines were crossed with the common wheats chenab-70, mexipak, and c-271. among the lines obtained by selection from the advanced generations of the t. turgidum x chenab-70 cross, some are similar to chenab-70 with respect to ...	2002	1032097
initial crop growth in soil collected from a closed animal waste lagoon.	in the 21st century, remediation of the soil beneath animal waste lagoons will become an important issue, as they are closed due to environmental regulations or to abandonment. the possibility of growing crops in the soil, which has high concentrations of ammonium-n, has not been studied. the objective of this experiment was to determine if crop species would germinate and grow in lagoon soil. soil was gathered from a lagoon that had received wastes from swine (sus scrofa) and beef (bos taurus) ...	2003	12733569
a new hessian fly resistance gene (h30) transferred from the wild grass aegilops triuncialis to hexaploid wheat.	a new hessian fly (mayetiola destructor say) resistance gene from aegilops triuncialis and its transfer to hexaploid wheat via interspecific hybridisation is described. the transfer line tr-3531 (42 chromosomes), derived from the cross [(triticum turgidum x ae. triuncialis) x triticum aestivum] and carrying the heterodera avenae resistance gene cre7, showed a high level of resistance to the m. destructor biotype prevailing in the sw of spain. a single dominant gene (h30) seems to determine the h ...	2003	12748776
powdery mildew resistance gene pm22 in cultivar virest is a member of the complex pm1 locus in common wheat ( triticum aestivum l. em thell.).	the powdery mildew resistance gene pm22, identified in the italian wheat cultivar virest and originally assigned to wheat chromosome 1d, was mapped to chromosome 7a with the aid of molecular markers. mapping of common aflp and ssr markers in two wheat crosses segregating for pm22 and pm1c, respectively, indicated that pm22 is a member of the complex pm1 locus. pm22 also showed a pattern of resistance reaction to a differential set of blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici isolates that was distinguish ...	2003	12750784
mapping qtls for seed dormancy and the vp1 homologue on chromosome 3a in wheat.	a major component of the observed genetic variation for pre-harvest sprouting in wheat ( triticum aestivum l.) appears to be the level of seed dormancy. group 3 chromosomes have received attention as carrying the r genes for seed-coat color and the tavp1 genes that are orthologous to the maize vp1 gene which encode a dormancy-related transcription factor. the objectives of the present study were to map quantitative trait loci (qtls) for seed dormancy on chromosome 3a and to investigate an associ ...	2003	12750793
bread wheat gliadin cytotoxicity: a new three-dimensional cell model.	in an attempt to clarify the role of gliadin toxicity in the pathogenesis of gluten intolerance (celiac disease), previous in vitro studies have been based on two-dimensional human cell cultures. however, the specific morphological and biochemical properties of in vivo tissue are better maintained in three-dimensional cell cultures (multicellular spheroids, mcs). the aim of this study was to develop a three-dimensional in vitro model to investigate the effects of gliadin on epithelial cells and ...	2003	12751695
efficient clustering of large est data sets on parallel computers.	clustering expressed sequence tags (ests) is a powerful strategy for gene identification, gene expression studies and identifying important genetic variations such as single nucleotide polymorphisms. to enable fast clustering of large-scale est data, we developed pace (for parallel clustering of ests), a software program for est clustering on parallel computers. in this paper, we report on the design and development of pace and its evaluation using arabidopsis ests. the novel features of our app ...	2003	12771222
deoxynivalenol and other fusarium toxins in wheat and rye flours on the danish market.	information on the contamination of danish cereals and cereal products with fusarium toxins is limited and the last survey is from 1984/1985. in the present study, the occurrence of deoxynivalenol (don), nivalenol (niv), ht-2 toxin, t-2 toxin and zearalenone (zon) was investigated in flour of common wheat, durum wheat and rye. the samples were collected from 1998 to 2001 from both mills and the retail market in denmark. a total of 190 flour samples were analysed for don and niv and about 60 samp ...	2003	12775483
inheritance and localisation of resistance to mycosphaerella graminicola causing septoria tritici blotch and plant height in the wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genome with dna markers.	resistance to the disease septoria tritici blotch of wheat (triticum aestivum l.), caused by the fungus mycosphaerella graminicola (fuckel.) j. schrot in cohn (anamorph septoria tritici roberge in desmaz.) was investigated in a doubled-haploid (dh) population of a cross between the susceptible winter wheat cultivar savannah and the resistant cultivar senat. a molecular linkage map of the population was constructed including 76 ssr loci and 244 aflp loci. parents and dh progeny were tested for re ...	2003	12783168
factors influencing successful agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of wheat.	the development of a robust agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocol for a recalcitrant species like bread wheat requires the identification and optimisation of the factors affecting t-dna delivery and plant regeneration. we have used immature embryos from range of wheat varieties and the agrobacterium strain agl1 harbouring the pgreen-based plasmid pal156, which contains a t-dna incorporating the bar gene and a modified uida (beta-glucuronidase) gene, to investigate and optimise major t-d ...	2003	12789416
agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of wheat using a superbinary vector and a polyamine-supplemented regeneration medium.	immature embryo-derived calli of spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cv veery5 were transformed using agrobacterium tumefaciens strain lba4404 carrying either binary vector phk22 or superbinary vector phk21, the latter carrying an extra set of vir genes--vir b, -c and -g. in both cases, transient beta-glucuronidase ( gus) expression ranging from 35-63% was observed 3 days after co-cultivation, but 587 calli infected with phk22/lba4404 failed to produce a single stably transformed plant, whereas ...	2003	12789445
effect of bioaccumulation of cadmium on biomass productivity, essential trace elements, chlorophyll biosynthesis, and macromolecules of wheat seedlings.	soil contamination with heavy metals has become a worldwide problem, leading to losses in agricultural yield and hazardous human health effects as they enter the food chain. the present investigation was undertaken to examine the influence of cadmium (cd2+) on the wheat (triticum aestivum l.) plant. cd2+ accumulation and distribution in 3-wk-old seedlings grown in nutrient medium containing varying concentrations of cd2+ (control, 0.25, 0.50, 1.0, 2.5, and 5.0 mg/l) was monitored. the effect of ...	2003	12794277
identification of the wheat seed protein cm3 as a highly active emulsifier using a novel functional screen.	lyophilized albumin protein fractions were prepared from flour of four varieties of wheat: triticum aestivum cvs. mercia and riband, triticum aestivum var. spelta, and triticum turgidum var. durum (kamut). the dry powders were redissolved in sodium phosphate buffers at ph 3.0, 6.5, or 8.0 and at ionic strengths of 0.1 or 1.0 m to a concentration of 0.1% (w/v). emulsions formed by sonication of protein solutions with n-hexadecane were aged at room temperature and separated into aqueous, interstit ...	2003	12643668
microsatellite mapping of the powdery mildew resistance gene pm5e in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	powdery mildew, caused by erysiphe graminis dm f. sp. tritici (em. marchal), is one of the most important diseases of common wheat world-wide. chinese wheat variety 'fuzhuang 30' carries the powdery mildew resistance gene pm5e and has proven to be a valuable resistance source of powdery mildew for wheat breeding. microsatellite markers were employed to identify the gene pm5e in a f(2) progeny from the cross 'nongda 15' (susceptible) x 'fuzhuang 30' (resistant). the gene pm5e was mapped in the di ...	2003	12647060
an erebp/ap2-type protein in triticum aestivum was a dre-binding transcription factor induced by cold, dehydration and aba stress.	we characterize one transcription factor of dre-binding proteins (tadreb1) that was isolated from a drought-induced cdna library of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). tadreb1 contains one conserved erebp/ap2 domain, and shows similarity with arabidopsis thaliana dreb family members in both overall amino-acid sequences and the secondary structure arrangement within the dna-binding motifs. in yeast one-hybrid system, tadreb1, can specially activate the genes fused with the promoter containing three tan ...	2003	12647068
effects of alternaria triticina and foliar fly ash deposition on growth, yield, photosynthetic pigments, protein and lysine contents of three cultivars of wheat.	a greenhouse experiment was conducted to study the effects of alternaria triticina with and without foliar dusting of fly ash (0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 g plant(-1)/day(-1)) on the growth, yield, photosynthetic pigments, protein and lysine contents of three cultivars of wheat, triticum aestivum. dusting of 2.5 and 5.0 g fly ash caused a significant increase in growth, yield, photosynthetic pigments, protein and lysine contents of all the three cultivars. dusting of 5.0 g fly ash caused a higher increas ...	2003	12653286
effect of lanthanum ions (la3+) on the reactive oxygen species scavenging enzymes in wheat leaves.	physiological effects of lanthanum ions on the activities of the enzymes in the reactive oxygen species (ros) scavenging system in leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings were studied. wheat leaves treated in hogland solution with 0.1 mm lacl(3) for 48 h showed increased levels of superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat), ascorbate-specific peroxidase (asa-pod), and dehydroascorbate reductase (dhar). however, a minor effect was observed on the levels of monodehydroascorbate reductase ...	2003	12663948
molecular cytogenetic discrimination and reaction to wheat streak mosaic virus and the wheat curl mite in zhong series of wheat--thinopyrum intermedium partial amphiploids.	thinopyrum intermedium (2n = 6x = 42, jjjsjsss) is potentially a useful source of resistance to wheat streak mosaic virus (wsmv) and its vector, the wheat curl mite (wcm). five partial amphiploids, namely zhong 1, zhong 2, zhong 3, zhong 4, and zhong 5, derived from triticum aestivum x thinopyrum intermedium crosses produced in china, were screened for wsmv and wcm resistance. zhong 1 and zhong 2 had high levels of resistance to wsmv and wcm. the other three partial amphiploids, zhong 3, 4, and ...	2003	12669806
detection of qtl linked to fusarium head blight resistance in sumai 3-derived north dakota bread wheat lines.	during the past decade fusarium head blight (fhb) caused by fusarium graminearum schwabe has resulted in severe grain yield and quality losses of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) in the northern great plains of the u.s. given the complexity of breeding for fhb resistance, molecular markers associated with this trait will be valuable in accelerating efforts to breed resistant cultivars. the objective of this study was to identify molecular markers linked to quantitative trait loci (qtl) for fhb resis ...	2003	12671750
genetic analysis of grain protein-content, grain yield and thousand-kernel weight in bread wheat.	grain yield and grain protein content are two very important traits in bread wheat. they are controlled by genetic factors, but environmental conditions considerably affect their expression. the aim of this study was to determine the genetic basis of these two traits by analysis of a segregating population of 194 f(7) recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between two wheat varieties, grown at six locations in france in 1999. a genetic map of 254 loci was constructed, covering about 75% o ...	2003	12671751
primary structure and reactive site of a novel wheat proteinase inhibitor of subtilisin and chymotrypsin.	the proteinase inhibitor wsci, active in inhibiting bacterial subtilisin and a number of animal chymotrypsins, was purified from endosperm of exaploid wheat (triticum aestivum, c.v. san pastore) by ion exchange chromatography and its complete amino acid sequence was established by automated edman degradation. wsci consists of a single polypeptide chain of 72 amino acid residues, has a molecular mass of 8126.3 da and a pl of 5.8. the inhibition constants (ki) for bacillus licheniformis subtilisin ...	2003	12675523
molecular identification of wheat endoxylanase inhibitor taxi-i1, member of a new class of plant proteins.	triticum aestivum endoxylanase inhibitors (taxis) are wheat proteins that inhibit family 11 endoxylanases commonly used in different (bio)technological processes. here, we report on the identification of the taxi-i gene which encodes a mature protein of 381 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 38.8 kda. when expressed in escherichia coli, the recombinant protein had the specificity and inhibitory activity of natural taxi-i, providing conclusive evidence that the isolated gene encodes ...	2003	12681519
tolerance of mannitol-accumulating transgenic wheat to water stress and salinity.	previous work with model transgenic plants has demonstrated that cellular accumulation of mannitol can alleviate abiotic stress. here, we show that ectopic expression of the mtld gene for the biosynthesis of mannitol in wheat improves tolerance to water stress and salinity. wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv bobwhite) was transformed with the mtld gene of escherichia coli. tolerance to water stress and salinity was evaluated using calli and t(2) plants transformed with (+mtld) or without (-mtld) mtl ...	2003	12692333
introgression of 1dx5+1dy10 into tritordeum.	the uses of hexaploid tritordeum as a crop for human consumption require improvement of its bread-making quality. for this purpose chromosome 1d of bread wheat with the glu-d1 allele encoding for high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits dx5+dy10 was introgressed into tritordeum. different primary tritordeums were crossed with wheats carrying subunits dx5+dy10. the hybrids were backcrossed to tritordeum and seeds for the next backcross (or selfing) were selected for the presence of chromosome 1d u ...	2003	12595993
proteomic analysis of the effect of heat stress on hexaploid wheat grain: characterization of heat-responsive proteins from total endosperm.	high temperatures during grain filling have been reported to be one of the factors that can affect the dough properties and quality characteristics of wheat. responses to high temperature have been related to changes in protein composition at both quantitative and qualitative levels. the present study was conducted to determine the influence of high temperature during grain filling on the protein composition of bread wheat evaluated by proteomic tools. plants were grown in the field and transfer ...	2003	12601810
impact of long-term application of industrial wastewater on the emergence of resistance traits in azotobacter chroococcum isolated from rhizospheric soil.	a total of 57 (36 and 21) azotobacter chroococcum were isolated from wheat (triticum aestivum) rhizospheric soil irrigated with industrial wastewater (about a decade) and ground water (uncontaminated) and characterized on the basis of morphological, cultural and biochemical characteristics. rhizospheric soils were analyzed for metal concentrations by atomic absorption spectrophotometery and the test soil samples were contaminated with fe, zn, cu, cr, ni and pb. all the isolates of a. chroococcum ...	2003	12421001
characterization of six wheat x thinopyrum intermedium derivatives by gish, rflp, and multicolor gish.	restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis and multicolor genomic in situ hybridization (gish) are useful tools to precisely characterize genetic stocks derived from crosses of wheat (triticum aestivum) with thinopyrum intermedium and thinopyrum elongatum. the wheat x th. intermedium derived stocks designated z1, z2, z3, z4, z5, and z6 were initially screened by multicolor gish using aegilops speltoides genomic dna for blocking and various combinations of genomic dna from th. inter ...	2003	12834067
agrobacterium-mediated large-scale transformation of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) using glyphosate selection.	an agrobacterium-mediated transformation system with glyphosate selection has been developed for the large-scale production of transgenic plants. the system uses 4-day precultured immature embryos as explants. a total of 30 vectors containing the 5-enol-pyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase gene from agrobacterium strain cp4 (aroa:cp4), which confers resistance to glyphosate, were introduced into wheat using this system. the aroa:cp4 gene served two roles in this study-selectable marker and gene ...	2003	12835912
soil properties and crop productivity as influenced by flyash incorporation in soil.	field experiments were carried out during 1996-97 at gulawathi, muthiani and salarpur villages, iari farm, new delhi and ncpp campus, dadri to evaluate changes in soil characteristics and growth of wheat (triticum aestivum l.), mustard (brassica juncea l.), lentil (lence esculenta moench.), rice (oryza sativa l.) and maize (zea mays l.) by varying amounts of flyash addition (up to 50t ha(-1)) in soils at sowing/transplanting time of crops. flyash addition in areas adjoining ncpp thermal power pl ...	2003	12889638
qtl mapping of partial resistance in winter wheat to stagonospora nodorum blotch.	stagonospora nodorum blotch is an important foliar and glume disease in cereals. inheritance of resistance in wheat appears to be quantitative. to date, breeding of partially resistant cultivars has been the only effective way to combat this pathogen. the partial resistance components, namely length of incubation period, disease severity, and length of latent period, were evaluated on a population of doubled haploids derived from a cross between the partially resistant triticum aestivum 'liwilla ...	2003	12897862
molecular mapping of novel genes controlling fusarium head blight resistance and deoxynivalenol accumulation in spring wheat.	fusarium head blight of wheat is an extremely damaging disease, causing severe losses in seed yield and quality. the objective of the current study was to examine and characterize alternate sources of resistance to fusarium head blight (fhb). ninety-one f1-derived doubled haploid lines from the cross triticum aestivum 'wuhan-1' x triticum aestivum 'maringa' were examined for disease reaction to fusarium graminearum by single-floret injection in replicated greenhouse trials and by spray inoculati ...	2003	12897863
chromosomal location of a race-specific resistance gene to mycosphaerella graminicola in the spring wheat st6.	septoria tritici blotch, caused by mycosphaerella graminicola, is a serious foliar disease of wheat worldwide. qualitative, race-specific resistance sources have been identified and utilized for resistant cultivar development. however, septoria tritici blotch resistant varieties have succumbed to changes in virulence of m. graminicola on at least three continents. the use of resistance gene pyramids may slow or prevent the breakdown of resistance. a clear understanding of the genetics of resista ...	2003	12898022
presence of yeasts in southern italian sourdoughs from triticum aestivum flour.	samples of sourdoughs obtained from 13 artisanal bakeries located in the molise and campania regions were analysed. the sourdoughs were produced with the exclusive use of triticum aestivum wheat flour. ph values of sourdoughs from molise were generally lower than those from campania. the number of yeasts in the samples of sourdoughs from molise was generally higher than in those from campania, which in two cases evidenced counts about 2 log cfu x g(-1). by utilising and comparing traditional and ...	2003	12900033
cold-specific and light-stimulated expression of a wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cor gene wcor15 encoding a chloroplast-targeted protein.	wcor15, a member of the wheat cold-responsive (cor) gene family, has been isolated and characterized. the deduced polypeptide wcor15 (mw=14.7 kda) showed high homology to the previously identified wheat and barley cor proteins. southern blot analysis using diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid wheat and diploid aegilops species showed that the wheat and related wild genomes possessed multiple copies of wcor15 homologues. five copies were assigned to the homologous group 2 chromosomes by nulli-tetras ...	2003	12909691
detection of qtls for stagonospora glume blotch resistance in swiss winter wheat.	stagonospora nodorum is the causal agent of the stagonospora glume blotch disease in hexaploid wheat. the swiss winter bread wheat cv. 'arina' has a highly effective, durable and quantitative glume blotch resistance. we studied 240 single seed descent (ssd)-derived lines of an 'arina x forno' f(5:7) population to identify and map quantitative trait loci (qtls) for glume blotch resistance under natural infestation. using composite interval mapping (cim) and lod>4.5, we detected two chromosomal re ...	2003	12928778
phenotypic assessment and mapped markers for h31, a new wheat gene conferring resistance to hessian fly (diptera: cecidomyiidae).	a new source of resistance to the highly virulent and widespread biotype l of the hessian fly, mayetiola destructor (say), was identified in an accession of tetraploid durum wheat, triticum turgidum desf., and was introgressed into hexaploid common wheat, triticum aestivum l. genetic analysis and deletion mapping revealed that the common wheat line contained a single locus for resistance, h31, residing at the terminus of chromosome 5bs. h31 is the first hessian fly-resistance gene to be placed o ...	2003	12928782
growth responses of wheat (triticum aestivum l. var. hd 2329) exposed to ambient air pollution under varying fertility regimes.	the problem of urban air pollution has attracted special attention in india due to a tremendous increase in the urban population; motor vehicles vis a vis the extent of energy utilization. field studies were conducted on wheat crops (triticum aestivum l. var. hd 2329) by keeping the pot-grown plants in similar edaphic conditions at nine different sites in allahabad city to quantify the effects of ambient air pollution levels on selected growth and yield parameters. air quality monitoring was don ...	2003	12941977
isolation and identification of actinobacteria from surface-sterilized wheat roots.	this is the first report of filamentous actinobacteria isolated from surface-sterilized root tissues of healthy wheat plants (triticum aestivum l.). wheat roots from a range of sites across south australia were used as the source material for the isolation of the endophytic actinobacteria. roots were surface-sterilized by using ethanol and sodium hypochlorite prior to the isolation of the actinobacteria. forty-nine of these isolates were identified by using 16s ribosomal dna (rdna) sequencing an ...	2003	12957950
effect of air pollution on peri-urban agriculture: a case study.	peri-urban agriculture is vital for the urban populations of many developing countries. increases in both industrialization and urbanization, and associated air pollution threaten urban food production and its quality. six hour mean concentrations were monitored for so(2), no(2) and o(3) and plant responses were measured in terms of physiological characteristics, pigment, biomass and yield. parameter reductions in mung bean (vigna radiata), palak (beta vulgaris), wheat (triticum aestivum) and mu ...	2003	12963293
cis-jasmone treatment induces resistance in wheat plants against the grain aphid, sitobion avenae (fabricius) (homoptera: aphididae).	cis-jasmone is a plant volatile known to have roles as an insect semiochemical and in inducing plant defence. it was evaluated in laboratory and field trials for control of cereal aphids. in an olfactometer bioassay cis-jasmone was repellent to alatae of the grain aphid, sitobion avenae (fabricius) (homoptera: aphididae). moreover, wheat, triticum aestivum (l), seedlings sprayed with formulated cis-jasmone 24 h previously were less susceptible to attack by s. avenae than control plants. in field ...	2003	12974355
[efficient production of wheat alien translocation lines and characterization by molecular cytogenetics].	the triticum aestivum-leymus mollis and t. aestivum-thinopyrum intermedium translocation lines were induced by gametocidal chromosome 3c derived from aegilops triuncialis and gamma-ray irradiated pollens of a t. aestivum-th. intermedium addition line tai-14 with a lower dosage (10gy), respectively. by genomic in situ hybridization (gish) analysis, three t. aestivum-l. mollis translocation lines (wm-10, wm-43 and wm-47) and three deletion lines (wm-18, wm-43 and wm-44) were selected from 59 f2 pl ...	2003	14579529
molecular characterization of a wheat--thinopyrum ponticum partial amphiploid and its derivatives for resistance to leaf rust.	leaf rust (caused by puccinia triticina eriks.) occurs annually in most wheat-growing areas of the world. thinopyrum ponticum (podp.) z.-w. liu & r.-c. wang has provided several leaf rust resistance genes to protect wheat from this fungal disease. three chromosome substitution lines, ji806, ji807, and ji859, and two chromosome addition lines, ji791 and ji924, with a winter growing habit were developed from crosses between wheat (triticum aestivum l. em thell.) and the wheat - th. ponticum partia ...	2003	14608407
map-based isolation of the leaf rust disease resistance gene lr10 from the hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genome.	more than 50 leaf rust resistance (lr) genes against the fungal pathogen puccinia triticina have been identified in the wheat gene pool, and a large number of them have been extensively used in breeding. of the 50 lr genes, all are known only from their phenotype and/or map position except for lr21, which was cloned recently. for many years, the problems of molecular work in the large (1.6 x 10(10) bp), highly repetitive (80%), and hexaploid bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genome have hampere ...	2003	14645721
assessment of aegilops tauschii for resistance to biotypes of wheat curl mite (acari: eriophyidae).	aegilops tauschii, the wild diploid d-genome progenitor of wheat, triticum aestivum l., is an important source of resistance to several arthropod pests and pathogens. a total of 108 ae. tauschii accessions from different geographic regions were evaluated for resistance to biotypes of the wheat curl mite, aceria tosichella keifer, from kansas, nebraska, and montana. the wheat curl mite is the only vector known to transmit wheat streak mosaic virus. wheat curl mite resistance was detected in germp ...	2003	14503608
lower glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (gip) response but similar glucagon-like peptide 1 (glp-1), glycaemic, and insulinaemic response to ancient wheat compared to modern wheat depends on processing.	to test the hypothesis that bread made from the ancient wheat einkorn (triticum monococcum) reduces the insulin and glucose responses through modulation of the gastrointestinal responses of glucose-dependent insulinotrophic polypeptide (gip) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (glp-1) compared to the responses to bread of modern wheat (triticum aestivum).	2003	14506486
willet m. hays, great benefactor to plant breeding and the founder of our association.	willet m. hays was a great benefactor to plant breeding and the founder of the american genetic association (aga). we commemorate the aga's centennial. we mined university archives, u.s. department of agriculture (usda) yearbooks, plant breeding textbooks, scientific periodicals, and descendants for information. willet hays first recognized the individual plant as the unit of selection and started systematic pure-line selection and progeny tests in 1888. he developed useful plant breeding method ...	2003	14691309
concerted action of endogenous and heterologous phytase on phytic acid degradation in seed of transgenic wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	expression of heterologous phytases in crops offers a great potential for improving phosphate and mineral bioavailability in food and feed. in this context it is of relevance to describe the concerted action of endogenous and hetrologous phytases on the transgenic seed inositol phosphate profile. here we report metal-dye detection hplc analysis of inositol phosphate degradation in flour from transgenic wheat materials possessing wheat endogenous 6-phytase [ec 3.1.3.26] and aspergillus 3-phytase ...	2003	14713194