Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| recent advances in cholera pathophysiology and therapeutics. | 1975 | 769073 | |
| [respect for biological balance in the treatment of liquid waste with a new disinfectant]. | 1975 | 815893 | |
| the differentiation of an adult's bloodstain from that of a child using an indirect fluorescent antibody technique. | a procedure is described for the detection of specific antimicrobial antibodies in bloodstains. the technique is described and the relationship between antibody concentration and the age of the doner is reported. it is shown that, provided foetal blood can be excluded, an unknown bloodstain may be identified as that of a person over 15 years with a high degree of confidence. | 1975 | 817999 |
| oligomeric structure of cholera toxin: characteristics of the h and l subunits. | structural analysis of cholera toxin by sodium dodecylsulphate polyacrylamide electrophoresis demonstrated two types of non-covalentyly linked subunits, heavy (h) and light (l), with respective molecular weights 28000 and 800 to 9000. the h:l protein ratio was i:2, indicating that the toxin of molecular weights of in ratio was i:2, indicating that the toxin of molecular weight 84000 consists of ih and 6 or 7 l subunits, linked into an aggregate with non-covalent bonds. choleragenoid toxoid, a na ... | 1975 | 803547 |
| studies on toxinogenesis in vibrio cholerae. iii. characterization of nontoxinogenic mutants in vitro and in experimental animals. | spontaneous and chemically induced mutants with reduced ability to produce cholera enterotoxin (choleragen) as an extracellular protein were isolated from vibrio cholerae strains 569b inaba, a classical cholera vibrio, and 3083-2 ogawa, an el tor vibrio. by qualitative and quantitative immunological assay in vitro such mutants could be separated into different classes characterized either by production of no detectable choleragen (tox minus), or of small quantities of extracellular choleragen, o ... | 1975 | 803978 |
| preparation and characterization of rabbit igg fractions. | rabbit igg has been purified and further fractionated by deae-cellulose column chromatography to yield three fractions, fr-i,-ii and -iii-1 that span a broad range in the heterogeneous molecular population of igg. immunodiffusion established that these fractions are free from contamination by iga, igm, transferrin, and hemopexin. the three fractions were assayed for neutral hexose and sialic acid; fr-iii-1 and fr-i yielded the highest and lowest values for these components, resepctively. the ord ... | 1975 | 804520 |
| [immunochemical analysis of the cytoplasmic fraction of a cholera-like vibrion]. | a soluble cytoplasm and ribosomal fraction which were later subjected to gel-filtration were obtained by disintegration and subsequent differential centrifugation from a cholera-like strain. immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis in gel showed that the ribosomal fraction contained up to 6 high-molecular antigenic components (including an o-antigen and the antigens identical to those of a cholerogen), and others; its low-molecular components (molecular weight 1.7-10-4 and lower) were inactive ... | 1975 | 804781 |
| [vibriolysis in cholera and nag-vibrios]. | the causative agent of classic cholera, vibrios of the el-tor biotype and nag-vibrios produced on agar plates a substance which lysed killed indicator strains of the vibrios and the gram negative bacilli, but was indifferent against the gram positive bacilli. the action of the vibriolysins varied extending from the causative agent of classic cholera in the direction of saprophytes. | 1975 | 804789 |
| mechanism of action of vibrio cholerae enterotoxin. effects on adenylate cyclase of toad and rat erythrocyte plasma membranes. | the characteristics of the cholera toxin-stimulated adenylate cyclase of toad (bufus marinus) and rat erythrocyte plasma membranes have been examined, with special emphasis on the response to purine nucleotides, fluoride, magnesium and catecholamine hormones. toad erythrocytes briefly exposed to low concentrations of cholera toxin (40,000 to 60,000 molecules per cell) and incubated 2 to 4 hr at 30 degrees c exhibit dramatic alterations in the kinetic and regulatory properties of adenylate cyclas ... | 1975 | 805247 |
| mechanism of activation of adenylate cyclase by vibrio cholerae enterotoxin. | the kinetics and properties of the activation of adenylate cyclase by cholera enterotoxin have been examined primarily in toad erythrocytes, but also in avian erythrocytes, rat fat cells and cultured melanoma cells. when cholera toxin is incubated with intact cells it stimulates adenylate cyclase activity, as measured in the subsequently isolated plasma membranes, according to a triphasic time course. this consists of a true lag period of about 30 min, followed by a stage of exponentially increa ... | 1975 | 805248 |
| [inhibition of bacterial neuraminidases by different anions (author's transl)]. | it was shown that neuraminidase of vibrio comma is inactivated by ca..-binding anions like citrate, edta, oxalate, phosphate or tartrate. there is, however, no inhibition of the newly described enzymes of erysipelothrix insidiosa and streptococcus viridans. pyruvate and, to a lesser extent, also citrate inactivate all the neuraminidases investigated independently of their activation by ca..ions. | 1975 | 806459 |
| partial purification and properties of somatic antigen spontaneously released from vibrio cholerae. | the supernatant fluids from cultures of vibrio cholerae grown for 40 h in an dialyzable medium were dialyzed, concentrated, and fractionated on agarose columns. the fractions containing most of the antigen which inhibited the vibriocidal activity of homologous antiserum were pooled, dialyzed, and concentrated to provide material with about 100 times the specific activity of the original culture supernatant. this material, containing 12 to 20% protein, 11 to 19% carbohydrate, and about 16% unboun ... | 1975 | 806532 |
| competitive effects of intestinal microflora on vibrio cholerae in gnotobiotic mice. | the coexistence of vibrio cholerae and several intestinal bacteria was determined in gnotobiotic mice. the bacteria tested included a bacteroides sp, clostridium difficile, clostridium perfringens type a, 2 separate isolates of escherichia coli, 2 different lactobacilli, 2 separate isolates of proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas maltophilia, and streptococcus faecalis. each species of bacteria became established and was recovered repeatedly from the stools during the studies. no single strain or spec ... | 1975 | 807775 |
| [characteristics of the immunogenic properties of cholerogen-anatoxin according to gel precipitation reactions and quantity of reducing sugars]. | the authors suggest the use of determination of the titre of the diffuse precipitation in gel test with the o-cholera serum, and the content of reducing sugars after hagedorn-jensen to characterize the antibacterial properties of the cholerogen-toxoid preparation along with (or instead of) the active mouse protection (au50) test used earlier, because a close correlative association was established between them. no correlative association proved to exist between the vibriocidal antibody titre of ... | 1975 | 808056 |
| experimental studies on cholera immunization. 4. the antibody response to formalinized vibrio cholerae and purified endotoxin with special reference to protective capacity. | the primary and secondary antibody responses in rabbits, intravenously immunized with formalin-killed vibrio cholerae, were studied with regard to amount, immunoglobulin class distribution and binding qualities of the antibodies to the bacterial endotoxin. further the protective capacity of antisera and purified antibodies against experimental cholera infection was analyzed and related to the in vitro characteristics of the immune preparations. for the employed 1,000-fold varied range of bacteri ... | 1975 | 808500 |
| proceedings: interrelationships between cholera toxin, cholera toxoid, and cellular immunity. | 1975 | 808659 | |
| studies of the subunit structure of choleragen. | the two choleragen protein constituents were isolated and characterized. protein i has a molecular weight of approximately 54000. it consists of subunits of approximate molecular weight 10000. protein ii with molecular weight of approximately 32000 is cleaved by 2-mercaptoethanol into two fragments, protein ii1 (n-terminal asx, mr = 25000) and protein ii2 (n-terminal ser, mr = 7000). proteins ii1 and ii2 could be recombined by oxidation to yield protein ii. upon treatment of choleragem with 2-me ... | 1975 | 809284 |
| intestinal absorption, exocrine pancreatic function and response to vibrio cholerae infection in protein deficient patas monkeys (erythrocebus patas). | six patas monkeys (erythrocebus patas) were fed a protein-free diet. sixteen animals of the same species received a standard monkey diet. the protein-depleted patas showed reduced absorption of folic acid but not d-xylose, and 5 out of 6 had a decrease in the exocrine pancreatic function. animals with reduced folic acid absorption and pancreatic enzyme production developed a longer lasting diarrhoea and excreted the microorganisms for a longer time when challenged with vibrio cholerae. | 1975 | 809870 |
| disinfectant effect of performic acid. | 1. performic acid applied at short exposures to various kinds of microorganisms known for their resistance shows a strong bactericidal and sporicidal effect. 2. in addition to disinfection of hands and other parts of the body, the preparation could be used for the disinfection of various surfaces and objects. | 1975 | 810511 |
| [a new vaccinating antigenic fraction obtained from "vibrio cholerae" i.--isolation and characterization of the new fraction (author's transl)]. | starting from a lysate of vibrio cholerae, the authors isolated by column chromatography an antigen called ch1+2 which is characterized by a double line of precipitation by the double gel diffusion technique. (results of inoculation into animals and humans are given in the following communication). | 1975 | 811146 |
| [a new vaccinating antigenic fraction obtained from "vibrio cholerae" ii. biological properties of the ch1+2 fraction compared with the bacterial vaccine (author's transl)]. | this fraction inoculated into mice protects against experimental infection. this fraction induces in various experimental animals serological modifications which are characterized by a rise in the vibriocidal effect of the serum. controlled experiments in animals and humans showed that the vibriocidal effect is greater than the one obtained by the bacterial vaccine and persist far more longer. the vibriocidal power of the serum can also be obtained at titers relatively high when the fraction is ... | 1975 | 811147 |
| [behavior of vibrio cholerae strains of the biotype el tor isolated in apulia in 1973, in relation to various antibiotics and chemotherapeutics]. | the tests carried out on the strains of vibrio cholerae of the el tor biotype, isolated during the epidemic in apulia in 1973, brought to light the sensitivity of all the strains to various antibiotics and chemotherapeutic substances. only one initially sensitive strain, when it was isolated again in the same patient, proved to be resistant to tetracycline. on the basis of this discovery and others communicated in published works, the authors outline the problems posed by the emergence of antibi ... | 1975 | 1047628 |
| ligand-induced redistribution of lymphocyte membrane ganglioside gm1. | dynamic aspects of the binding of cholera toxin to lymphocyte membranes have been studied. we have shown that the receptor for this ligand--the gm1 ganglioside--can be laterally redistributed into aggregates and caps. exogenous purified gm1 inserted into gm1-deficient human leukaemic cells can undergo a similar pattern of ligand-induced mobilisation. these observations may have important implications for both the general behaviour of cell surface glycolipids and the mode of action of cholera tox ... | 1975 | 1057731 |
| interaction of cholera toxin and membrane gm1 ganglioside of small intestine. | ganglioside gm1 was isolated from the small intestinal mucosa of man, pig, and beef and amounted to 0.1, 2.0, and 43 nmol per g fresh weight, respectively. these differences in gm1 content were associated with a quantitatively differing ability of the mucosal cells to bind cholera toxin. human cells bound about 15,000 toxin molecules when saturated with the toxin, porcine cells 120,000, and bovine cells 2,600,000 molecules. the association constant (ka) of the cholera toxin binding was, for cell ... | 1975 | 1058471 |
| stimulation of epinephrine-sensitive fat cell adenylate cyclase by cytosol: effect of cholera toxin. | cytosol prepared from rat epididymal fat cells by centrifugation at 100,000 x g for 1 hr was found to enhance the basal and epinephrine-sensitive adenylate cyclase [ec 4.6.1.1; atp pyrophosphate-lyase (cyclizing)] of fat cell ghosts. cholera toxin also stimulated adenylate cyclase and increased the response to epinephrine in fat cells. a possible relationship between the adenylate cyclase modifying activities of cytosol and the effects of cholera toxin was sought. cytosol from freshly prepared f ... | 1975 | 1059143 |
| type-specific action of vibriocidal antibody on vibrio cholerae. | the vibriocidal activity of inaba and ogawa antisera, from which cross-reacting agglutinin had been absorbed, was specific for vibrio cholerae strains of the homologous serotype. no vibriocidal action against strains of the heterologous type was detected. the sera appeared to be equally effective in killing organisms of different biotypes (classical, intermediate, and eitor), provided that these were of the homologous serotype (inaba or ogawa). however, they had been raised against strains of th ... | 1975 | 1059707 |
| mobility of cholera toxin receptors on rat lymphocyte membranes. | fluorescein-labeled cholera toxin binds detectably to 40-60% of rat mesenteric lymph node cells and induces a temperature-dependent redistribution (patch and cap formation) of cell surface toxin receptors. the redistribution is inhibited by several "metabolic," "microtubule," and "microfilament" inhibitors, by concanavalin a, and by anticholera toxin igg. various studies indicate that cholera toxin is at least bivalent, and that this property may be related to both the induction of receptor redi ... | 1975 | 1060063 |
| thermal inactivation of cholera phages. | thermal inactivation of seven cholera phages have been tested over the temperature range between 50 degrees to 70 degrees c. it was found that the phages vary widely in their heat sensitivity, mukerjee's phages iii being the most sensitive of the whole group. with all the phages over the temperature range studies, the inactivation curve seem to follow the pattern of virus thermal inactivation in general, the inactivation proceeding initially at a rapid rate, which in about 15 minutes time, gradu ... | 1975 | 798583 |
| [the nature of nuclear enlargement in urethane and isoprotenol-stimulated salivary glands (author's transl)]. | 1975 | 1073694 | |
| sialic acids and sialyltransferases in murine lymphoid cells: indicators of t cell maturation. | 1975 | 1079171 | |
| mechanism of action of cholera toxin. specific inhibition of toxin-induced activation of adenylate cyclase. | 1975 | 1079778 | |
| six and one-half month old infant with fever and irritability. | 1975 | 1081274 | |
| [determination of choleragen activity in tadpoles]. | a method of titration of the v. cholerae toxin obtained from the broth culture filtrates is presented. in difference from the earlier methods, the larvae of rana temporaria were used as a test object. the tadpoles were placed in the vessels with water containing graded concentrations of the toxin. the titer of the toxin activity was evaluated by the percentage of dead tadpoles. the concentration causing the death of 50 per cent of the tadpoles in the course of the 24 hours was taken as a unit of ... | 1975 | 1082777 |
| [research on v. cholerae anti-antibodies (agglutinating and vibriocidal) in patients affected by cholera-like gastroenteritis. studies performed during the cholera epidemic occurred in apulia in august-september 1973]. | agglutinating and vibriocidal antibody titers anti-v. cholerae of the serotypes ogawa and inaba, were determined in sera from 189 patients with cholera-like diarrheas during the epidemic of cholera occurred in august-september 1973, in bari. antibodies were determined in 74,2% of 70 patients, whose in the faeces and vomiting were isolated strains identified as v. cholerae, biotype el tor, serotype ogawa. this frequency was higher against the serotype ogawa. the antibodies could be proved very ea ... | 1975 | 1084731 |
| [pathogenesis of toxin caused gastroenteritis of vibrios and coli bacteria]. | 1975 | 1089519 | |
| serological classification of anti-i sera. | twelve anti-i sera were examined by means of broad panel of cells: oi, bi, ohi, oicord, oiadult, bi-f. titration, fixation-elution, and haemagglutination-inhibition tests, and comparison of agglutination of untreated and neuraminidase-treated erythrocytes allowed to establish the specificity of the sera. for some sera the serological heterogeneity was revealed, which consisted in the following combinations of two or more kinds of specificity: anti-i-d plus anti-i-f, anti-i-d plus anti-i, anti-i- ... | 1975 | 1090089 |
| pathophysiology of shigella diarrhea in the rhesus monkey: intestinal transport, morphological, and bacteriological studies. | in contrast to the "toxigenic diarrheas" caused by vibrio cholerae and escherichia coli, the site and mechanism of fluid loss in shigellosis are unknown. the occurrence of watery diarrhea in shigellosis suggests involvement of the small bowel. therefore, jejunal, ileal, and colonic water and electrolyte transport was studied in shigella flexneri 2a-infected monkeys. infected animals fell into three groups: dysentery alone, diarrhea alone, or diarrhea and dysentery. in controls, net water, sodium ... | 1975 | 1090480 |
| comparison of secretory and histological effects of shigella and cholera enterotoxins in rabbit jejunum. | the purpose of this study was to compare the actions of shigella toxin and cholera toxin to determine if mucosal damage is a prerequisite for shigella toxin-induced secretion. the secretory response to maximal doses of cholera toxin and shigella toxin were compared. the maximal rate of secretion and the electrolyte and protein concentration of the intestinal fluid were similar for both toxins. on the other hand, the time of onset after exposure to the toxin was 105 min for shigella toxin and 15 ... | 1975 | 1090481 |
| genetic basis of toxin production and pathogenesis in vibrio cholerae: evidence against phage conversion. | the pathogenicity of vibrio cholerae strains "cured" of "kappa-type" phage was not significantly altered relative to that of their "kappa" lysogenic parental strains. unlike corynebacterium diphtheriae, the capacity of v. cholerae to produce exotoxin was not stimulated as a consequence of active phage multiplication. toxin production in cultures in which kappa-type phage multiplication was initiated either by inducing kappa lysogens or by infecting naturally occurring or "cured" kappa-sensitive ... | 1975 | 1090531 |
| use of erythrocytes sensitized with purified enterotoxin from vibrio cholerae for the assay of antibody and antibody-forming cells. | a method was developed for the sensitization of ovine erythrocytes with a purified enterotoxin from vibrio cholerae. sensitized cells were used for the titration of serum antibody by passive hemagglutination and in a hemolytic plaque assay for both igm and igg antibody-secreting cells. inhibition experiments with various antigens of v. cholerae indicated that the toxin, whether unheated or heat-inactivated, significantly reduced the expected antitoxic plaque-forming cell response, whereas a lipo ... | 1975 | 1090686 |
| effectiveness of vaccination against cholera and typhoid fever. | 1975 | 1090807 | |
| evidence for the non-protein nature of the receptor for the enterotoxin in vibrio cholerae on murine lymphoid cells. | lymphoid cells from a/j and balb/c strains of mice were iodinated with 125i by the lactoperoxidase method and the plasma membranes were disrupted by freezing and thawing or with 0.5 percent nonidet p-40, a nonionic detergent. attempts to find choleragen reactive iodinated material in 0.5 percent nonidet p-40 lysates were unsuccessful even when the cells were incubated with choleragen before lysis. freezing and thawing the cells resulted in the release of iodinated choleragen reactive material. t ... | 1975 | 1091551 |
| motility as a virulence factor for vibrio cholerae. | the ability of motile strains of the ogawa and inaba serotypes of classical vibrio cholerae and of the el tor biotypes to kill suckling mice after oral challenge with 10-8 colony-forming units (representing at least 100 to 1,000 minimal lethal doses) was compared to that of nonmotile derivatives of the same strains. loss of motility, in each case, resulted in a marked reduction in virulence. the mortality (at 36 h) caused by 10 of the 13 nonmotile strains was 32% or less. whereas the motile wild ... | 1975 | 1091563 |
| inhibition of the steroidogenic effects of cholera and heat-labile escherichia coli enterotoxins by gm1 ganglioside: evidence for a similar receptor site for the two toxins. | the effects of three different ganglioside preparations on cholera enterotoxin (ct) and heat-labile escherichia coli enterotoxin (ect)-induced steroidogenesis in y1 and os3 adrenal tumor cells in tissue culture were examined. only with gm1 ganglioside was any inhibition of the toxins' effects noted. concentrations of the crude ect preparation that gave similar morphogenic and steroidogenic effects as ct were inhibited by the same amount or less of gm1 as that required to inhibit the effects of c ... | 1975 | 1091565 |
| homology between the deoxyribonucleic acid of fertility factor p and vibrio cholerae chromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid. | the deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) of the vibrio cholerae fertility factor p was isolated by the dye-buoyant density method and hybridized to v. cholerae chromosomal dna. the dna of this fertility plasmid had between 35 to 40% homology with the v. cholerae chromosomal dna. little or no homology was detected between the p factor dna and dna of the escherichia coli sex factor f. | 1975 | 1092651 |
| production and characterization of exotoxin(s) of shigella dysenteriae type 1. | a semicontinuous fermenter system was developed in which broth culture filtrates of shigella dysenteriae type 1 yielded substantial amounts of exotoxin. biologic activity of the exotoxin was characterized by means of three assays: the rabbit ileal loop for fluid evocation (enterotoxicity), mouse lethality after parenteral injection (neurotoxicity), and hela cell toxicity in vitro (cytotoxicity). although the culture filtrate was highly active, disc electrophoresis revealed that the toxin is a mi ... | 1975 | 1092769 |
| an erythrocyte-sensitising antigen from vibrio cholerae. | erythrocyte-sensitising antigens (ae) were prepared from vibrio cholerae serotypes, from el-tor vibrio, escherichia coli and salmonella enteritidis by digesting the organisms with naoh followed by precipitation with alcohol. when ae was used in indirect haemagglutination (iha) tests, the results in a number of cases were somewhat more sensitive and more specific than those obtained in classical agglutination tests. no cross reactions occurred between v. cholerae serotypes and e. coli and s. ente ... | 1975 | 1092860 |
| bacterial toxins. | 1975 | 1092948 | |
| involvement of t- and b-lymphocytes in the immune response to the protein exotoxin and the lipopolysaccharide antigens of vibrio cholerae. | the immune response at the level of individual immunocytes to the somatic lipopolysaccharide antigen derived from whole vibrio cholerae and to the purified protein exotoxin from this organism were studied in terms of the role of t- and b-lymphocytes. by adoptive cell transfer studies with irradiated recipient mice, it was shown that normal spleen cells from normal syngeneic mice could readily transfer the capability of responding to both types of cholera antigens. however, when the spleen cells ... | 1975 | 1093472 |
| significance of elevated liver alkaline phosphatase in serum. | the serum alkaline phosphatase was fractionated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in 317 patients with elevated serum alkaline phosphatase activity. in 253 patients the source of the elevation was the isoenzyme of presumed liver origin, band l. in 87 of these patients, there was either no obvious liver disease or the alkaline phosphatase elevation was inappropriately high. in 19 of the 87, liver disease was further excluded by liver biopsy or by laparotomy. because of this, biochemical studi ... | 1975 | 1093921 |
| the effect of lysozyme on the complement-dependent bactericidal action of different antibody classes. | preparations of rabbit, dog and sheep iga, iga and igm were examined for their antibacterial effects using a complement-dependent bactericidal assay. igm and igg were efficient bactericidal antibodies in the presence of complement; iga, however, contained negligible activity. except for sheep igg no enhancement of bactericidal activity was observed in the presence of added lysozyme. | 1975 | 1093969 |
| modulation of antibody synthesis by cholera exotoxin: influence on helper thymocytes. | 1975 | 1095212 | |
| bacteremia in suckling rabbits after oral challenge with vibrio parahaemolyticus. | vibrio parahaemolyticus, a halophilic marine enteropathogen, produces diarrhea in man after ingestion of contaminated seafood. only strains capable of producing beta-hemolysis (kanagawa-positive strains) are enteropathogenic. yet the majority of marine isolants are nonhemolytic and kanagawa negative. studies were initiated in suckling rabbits in an attempt to elucidate pathogenetic mechanisms. fasting animals were infected orally with kanagawa-positive and kanagawa-negative strains of v. parahae ... | 1975 | 1095481 |
| [significance of intraperitoneal administration of antibiotics in abdominal surgery (author's transl)]. | 1975 | 1097760 | |
| nonspecific elicitation of antibody-forming cells in the mouse spleen by bacterial lipopolysaccharide. | mechanisms of nonspecific elicitation of anti-sheep erythrocyte (srbc) hemolytic antibody plaqueforming cells (pfc) in mouse spleens with an injection of bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide (lps)) were studied in comparison with the genesis of naturally occurring "background" pfc in normal mouse spleens and of rapidly arising pfc in mouse spleens after immunization with srbc. the cytokinetic pattern of anti-srbc pfc response after an injection of lps was quite different from that of the resp ... | 1975 | 1097768 |
| proceedings: cholera-like enterotoxin produced by escherichia coli. | 1975 | 1099284 | |
| [discovery of the colera pathogen]. | 1975 | 1100340 | |
| a 98 megadalton r factor of compatibility group c in a vibrio cholerae el tor isolate from southern u.s.s.r. | 1975 | 1100774 | |
| practical aspects of a cholera surveillance programme. | the recent invasion of southern africa by cholera stimulated the establishment of a regional cholera reference laboratory and surveillance centre. this article describes its activities in general and details the methods employed in the isolation of vibrio cholerae from sewage, water, seafoods, patients, and carriers. importance is also attached to the isolation of nag (non-agglutinable) v. cholerae and v. parahaemolyticus from certain categories of specimens. in recognition of the importance of ... | 1975 | 1101396 |
| potential for in vivo acquisition of r plasmids by one strain of vibrio cholerae biotype el tor. | the feces of five patients admitted to a hospital during an outbreak of cholera in melbourne, australia, in november 1972, were examined for the presence of tetracycline-resistant coliforms and tetracycline-resistant strains of vibrio cholerae. despite the abundance of tetracycline-resistant coliforms able to transfer this resistance to other strains of escherichia coli, no tetracycline-resistant strains of v. cholerae were detected. in vitro transfer experiments using the v. cholerae strain res ... | 1975 | 1101813 |
| [epidemiology of el tor cholera in indonesia]. | the authors analyze data on el tor cholera morbidity in indonesia in the past and at present. it was shown that before the year of 1961 the infection was limited to the sulavesi island and was epidemic in character, but it differed from classic endemic cholera by a number of signs. in 1961 and 1970 the spread of el tor cholera along indonesia was practically synchronous with its spread along the vast territories of the world, this apparently pointing to the effect of some general factor which ca ... | 1975 | 1106089 |
| rapid identification of gram-negative rods using a three-tube method combined with a dichotomic key. | a three-tube method combined with a dichotomic key is presented which will identify virtually all enterobacteriaceae as well as a number of other frequently encountered gram-negative rods at a genus or species level within 20 hours following the primary isolation. the method is shown to be reliable and simple, saving processing time and material. | 1975 | 1106114 |
| [pathogenicity factors of gramnegative enteropathogenic bacteria and pathogenesis of intestinal diseases (author's transl)]. | enterotoxins as produced by the majority of enteropathogenic bacteria play a central role in the pathogenesis of cholera and e. coli enteritis but are obviously of little significance as to the development of salmonella enteritis and dysentery. pathology of salmonella enteritis and dysentery results from multiplication of bacteria within the bowel wall and from the damage of tissue caused thereby. the lipopolysaccharides (endotoxins) of invasive enteropathogenic bacteria do not possess the chara ... | 1975 | 1106437 |
| systolic time intervals in domestic ponies: alterations in a case of coarctation of the aorta. | this report describes the measurement of systolic time intervals in a nine year old female domestic pony which was found at necropsy to show coarctation of the aorta and bilateral ventricular hypertrophy. electrocardiogram, phonocardiogram and direct arterial blood pressure were recorded from the pony in a standing unmedicated state and systolic time intervals were measured from the resulting tracings. a prolongation of left ventricular ejection time and shortening of the pre-ejection period wer ... | 1975 | 1111858 |
| cholera in the manicaland province of rhodesia february to may, 1974. | 1975 | 1111974 | |
| demonstration of sustained sinus and atrial re-entry as a mechanism of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. | electrophysiological studies in five patients with documented (4) or suspected (1) paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (psvt), suggested sinus or atrial reentrance (sr or ar). two of the patients had preexcitation, three had evidence of atrial enlargement, and all had organic heart disease. the following observations supported a diagnosis of sr and ar; 1) induction of sustained psvt with atrial extrastimulus technique allowing definition of an echo zone; 2) induction of sustained psvt during ... | 1975 | 1112003 |
| intersynovial fistula in the carpus of a horse. | soft tissue lesions are often secondary to equine carpal injury. the clinical and pathological nature of soft tissue changes following carpal trauma are varied. this report describes a case of intersynovial fistula between the radial carpal joint and the common digital extensor tendon sheath. the differential diagnosis and pathological features of equine soft tissue carpal injuries are discussed. | 1975 | 1112099 |
| 4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-d-mannose (d-perosamine): a component of the lipopolysaccharide of vibrio cholerae 569b (inaba). | 1975 | 1112408 | |
| activation of vibrio cholerae neuraminidase by divalent cations. | 1975 | 1112418 | |
| letter: reactions of cartilage. | 1975 | 1113834 | |
| conjugal transfer of a chromosomal gene determining production of enterotoxin in vibrio cholerae. | matings between strains of vibrio cholerae differing in toxinogenicity, nutritional requirements, and antibiotic susceptibilities were performed in order to determine the location of the gene tox that controls production of cholera enterotoxin. segregation analysis shows that tox is linked to a gene required for histidine biosynthesis. our data indicate that the tox gene is located on the bacterial chromosome and not on a plasmid in the strains of v. cholerae studied. | 1975 | 1114331 |
| immunologic approach to cancer therapy. | the resistance that many cancer patients show to the progress of their disease, attested to by well documented cases of spontaneous regressions as in neuroblastoma, hypernephroma, choriocarcinoma and malignant melanoma, and the long-term dormancy of multiple metastases seen particularly after removal of a primary mass, can be explained only by host defense mechanisms. attemps at immunotherapy over the years are reviewed and new directions are presented. | 1975 | 1117768 |
| [a modified dry tcbs medium for the diagnosis of cholera]. | 1975 | 1117780 | |
| intercellular adhesiveness and neuraminidase effect following release from density inhibition of cell growth. | 1975 | 1120090 | |
| the preparation of tay-sachs ganglioside specifically labeled in either the n-acetylneuraminosyl or n-acetylgalactosaminyl portion of the molecule. | 1975 | 1121293 | |
| [serological study of the neuraminidase activity of cholera filtrate and influenza virus]. | the capacity of homologous (influenza virus) and heterologous (v. cholerae) anti-neuraminidase antibody to neutralize the neuraminidase activity of influenza virus was studied. the lack of antigenic relationship between the enzyme of v. cholerae and that of influenza virus was established and differences in the antigenic structure of neuraminidase of influenza virus of both different types (a0, a1, a2) and within one type were demonstrated. | 1975 | 1121851 |
| [long-term observation of e1-tor cholera vibrions in waste waters from public baths]. | prolonged (for a period of one year) isolation of cholera vibrios from the sewage of a bath-house was observed. sewage proved to serve as a favourable medium for preservation and reproduction of cholera vibrios. the data obtained pointed to the capacity of el tor cholera vibrio to exist outside the human organism for a long time. | 1975 | 1124617 |
| the demonstration of o-acetylated sialic acids in colonic epithelial glycoproteins. | glycoproteins have been isolated from a 1 m sodium chloride extract of the colonic epithelial cells of man and rat by a combination of agarose gel and deae-cellulose chromatography; the glycoproteins contain o-acetylated or o-esterified sialic acids of at least four types: (a) unsubstituted or possible at position c-9, (b) substituted at c-4 and possibly at c-9, (c) substituted at c-7 and/or c-8, and (d) substituted at c-4 as well as at c-7 and/or c-8. | 1975 | 1125822 |
| immunochemical and chemical investigations of the structure of glycoprotein fragments obtained from epiglycanin, a glycoprotein at the surface of the ta3-ha cancer cell. | the structures of the carbohydrate chains present in fragments of a large-molecular-weight glycoprotein, epiglycanin, cleaved from the surface of viable ta3-ha murine mammary carcinoma ascites cells and purified by gel filtration, were studied by immunochemical and chemical methods. inhibitory activities for neuraminidase-treated and untreated glycoprotein material in the hemagglutination of nn-specific human erythrocytes by eight purified lectins were determined. excellent inhibition was obtain ... | 1975 | 1125949 |
| the isolation and characterization of rat sublingual mucus-glycoprotein. | a purified glycoprotein, designated rsl-major, was isolated from the rat sublingual gland by means of the procedure of tettamanti and pigman. it was found to be homogeneous by analytical ultracentrifugation, to have a mol. wt. of 2-2 times 10-6, and to contain 81 percent (w/w) of carbohydrate, which consists mainly of sialic acid, 2-acetamido-2-deocy-d-glucose, 2-acetamido-2-deocy-d-galactose, and d-galactose in the molar ratio of 1.4:1.4:1.0:1.5; small amounts of fucose and mannose [1.2 and 2.8 ... | 1975 | 1125952 |
| contribution to the standardization of influenza neuraminidase inhibition tests, based on enzyme- antienzyme kinetic studies. | 1. from enzyme-antienzyme kinetic studies a method for the determination of anti-n2-neuraminidase antibodies has been developed. this procedure is applicable in routine diagnosis. 2. considering the present conditions, the reversibility of the virus neuraminidase antigen-antineuraminidase antibody complex has been proved. the inhibition must be described as a non-competitive one. 3. as a reference value for comparative immunity estimations the relative antibody concentration t150 is defined as t ... | 1975 | 1126576 |
| kinetics of absorption of toxin of vibrio cholerae. | autoradography of rabbit intestine exposed in vivo to purified tritiated toxin of vibrio cholerae showed that pharmacologically important amounts of toxin can be rapidly absorbed despite the relatively large size of the toxin molecule and its affinity for binding to the brush border. cholera toxin and tritiated nontoxic and tritiated nontoxic control substances of comparable size followed a similar time course in spreading down the surface of the villus, and with respect to the villus greater th ... | 1975 | 1127253 |
| dopamine-like effects of cholera toxin in the central nervous system. | 1975 | 1128681 | |
| comparative immunotherapeutic effect of concanavalin a and neuraminidase-treated cancer cells. | 1975 | 1129845 | |
| modifying the immunogenicity of cell membrane antigens. tumors and transplants. | the immunogenicity of an antigenic cell is a distinctly different property from its antigenic composition. two clinical problems might well be beneficially affected by modifying the immunogenicity of cell membrane antigens: can the immunogenicity of tumor-specific antigens on malignant cells be increased so that effective immunity to the tumor will lead to its destruction? conversely, can the immunogenicity of histocompatibility antigens on grafted organs be minimized so that they will survive a ... | 1975 | 1130323 |
| antitumor immune response following injection of neuraminidase-treated sarcoma cells. | mice inoculated with mca-10 sarcoma cells which had previously been incubated with vibrio cholerae neuraminidase (vcn) demonstrated a significantly lower tumor incidence (9/26) than mice injected with untreated sarcoma cells (10/10) or sarcoma cells incubated with heat-inactivated neuraminidase (28/29) p less than .05. rechallenge of nontumor-bearing mice from the vcn group with untreated sarcoma cells resulted in a low tumor incidence (4/11), indicating that these mice had developed systemic im ... | 1975 | 1130852 |
| rat pancreas adenylate cyclase. iii. its role in pancreatic secretion assessed by means of choleara toxin. | 1. the role of adenylate cyclase in rat pancreas is further investigated by means of cholera toxin, which is known to activate the enzyme in several tissues. 2. cholera toxin activates rat pancreatic adenylate cyclase in vitro upon preincubation of tissue slices with the toxin for more than 30 min, but not when it is merely present during the enzyme assay. the maximal effect is reached after 90 min pre-incubation. the half-maximally activating concentration is 3.5 mu-g/ml upon pre-incubation for ... | 1975 | 1131364 |
| antitumour immunity--1. differential response of neuraminidase-treated and x-irradiated tumour vaccine. | 1975 | 1132396 | |
| isoelectric focusing of isoenzymes of human liver alpha-l-fucosidase. | 1975 | 1132498 | |
| sensitivity of cholera and el tor vibrios to cold shock. | 1975 | 1133577 | |
| radiation-sensitive pyrimidine auxotrophs of ustilago maydis. i. isolation and characterization of mutants. | the relationship between uv sensitivity and pyrimidine auxotrophy has been examined. fourteen pyrimidine-requiring mutants have been classified on the basis of genetic complementation and utilization of biosynthetic intermediates and have been assigned to at least four loci. all the mutants studied were sensitive to uv, although the degree of sensitivity varied both between loci and amongst alleles at the same locus. a double mutant strain carrying pyrimidine mutants at two loci was only as sens ... | 1975 | 1134511 |
| dog immunoglobulins. ii. the antibacterial properties of dog iga, igm and igg antibodies to vibrio cholerae. | secretory iga antibodies to vibrio cholerae were purified from the parotid saliva and mammary secretions of locally and orally immunized dogs using gel filtration, ion-exchange chromatography and anti-immunoglobulin immuno-absorbents. igm and igg antibodies were isolated from serum by gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography. iga antibodies proved to have minimal, if any, activity in direct killing of bacteria in the presence of complement or in the promotion of phagocytosis. the minimal a ... | 1975 | 1140826 |
| antimicrobial--resistance of vibrio cholerae biotype eltor. | 1975 | 1141793 | |
| sialyl residues in hepatitis b antigen: their role in determining the life span of the antigen in serum and in eliciting an immunological response. | hepatitis b surface antigen was adsorbed to insolubilized sialic acid-specific haemagglutinin isolated from the haemolymph of limulus polyphemus. treatment of the antigen with vibrio cholerae neuraminidase (ec 3.2.1.18) resulted in the release of sialic acid and in an increase of the isoelectric point from ph 4-35 (for subtype ad) or 4-9 (for subtype ay) to ph 5-45. treated, but not untreated, antigen incorporated [14-c]-sialic acid when incubated at 37 degrees c with sialyl transferase (ec 2.4. ... | 1975 | 1141861 |
| proceedings: cell-wall composition of aerobic cutaneous "diphtherios" organisms. | 1975 | 1142405 | |
| isolation of dna polymerase gamma from an adenovirus 2 dna replication complex. | the major dna polymerase in a nuclear membrane complex that is capable of synthesizing viral dna sequences in vitro has been purified about 900-fold from adenovirus 2-infected kb cells. the enzyme was characterized as belonging to the class of mammalian dna polymerases (dna polymerase gamma) that can utilize poly(a) with oligo(dt) as template primer. | 1975 | 1142477 |
| [cholera (review of current studies)]. | 1975 | 1145318 | |
| alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes of human kidney and urine. | kidney and urinary alkaline phosphatases have been studied by starch gel electrophoresis. kidney extracts have shown individual variations and the patterns obtained with cortex and medulla have been clearly different. there are in urine and kidney extracts, phosphatases which share similar properties with regard to electrophoretic mobility, non-susceptibility to treatment with neuraminidase and inhibition by l-phenylalanine. | 1975 | 1149249 |
| ageing in vivo and neuraminidase treatment of rabbit erythrocytes: influence on half-life as assessed by 51cr labelling. | old and young rabbit erythrocytes, separated by centrifugation, contained different respective activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, pyruvate kinase and acetylcholinesterase, and different quantities of stromal sialic acid. a systematic study of the survival rate of young and old erythrocytes incubated with different amounts of vibrio cholerae neuraminidase is described. the half-life of intact old erythrocytes is significantly shorter than that of young erythrocytes with a similar si ... | 1975 | 1150154 |
| letter: isolation of vibrio cholerae. | 1975 | 1150893 |