Publications

the twilight of heliozoa and rise of rhizaria, an emerging supergroup of amoeboid eukaryotes.	recent molecular phylogenetic studies revealed the extraordinary diversity of single-celled eukaryotes. however, the proper assessment of this diversity and accurate reconstruction of the eukaryote phylogeny are still impeded by the lack of molecular data for some major groups of easily identifiable and cultivable protists. among them, amoeboid eukaryotes have been notably absent from molecular phylogenies, despite their diversity, complexity, and abundance. to partly fill this phylogenetic gap, ...	2004	15148395
catabolism of amino acids and related compounds.	this review considers the pathways for the degradation of amino acids and a few related compounds (agmatine, putrescine, ornithine, and aminobutyrate), along with their functions and regulation. nitrogen limitation and an acidic environment are two physiological cues that regulate expression of several amino acid catabolic genes. the review considers escherichia coli, salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, and klebsiella species. the latter is included because the pathways in klebsiella specie ...	2005	26443507
[phenotypic and genotypic characterization of resistance to third-generation cephalosporins in enterobacter spp].	enterobacter spp. are becoming increasingly frequent nosocomial pathogens with multiple resistance mechanism to beta-lactam antibiotics. we carried out the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of beta-lactamases in 27 enterobacter spp. (25 enterobacter cloacae y 2 enterobacter aerogenes), as well as the ability of different extended spectrum-lactamase (esbl) screening methods. resistance to third generation cephalosporins was observed in 15/27 (63%) isolates. twelve resistant isolates produ ...	2005	16502641
microbiological profile of neonatal septicemia in a pediatric care hospital in delhi.	septicemia continues to be an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the neonatal units and periodic review of cases to assess any changing trends in the infecting organisms and their antimicrobial susceptibility is important. over a period of one year (july 2000 to june 2001), 632 samples of blood cultures were submitted to the bacteriology laboratory microbiology, lady hardinge medical college. these samples were investigated for microbial etiology and the isolates obtained were tested ...	2005	17080707
type 1 sphingosine 1-phosphate g protein-coupled receptor signaling of lymphocyte functions requires sulfation of its extracellular amino-terminal tyrosines.	the type 1 sphingosine 1-phosphate (s1p) g protein-coupled receptor (s1p1) transduces signals from s1p that mediate thymocyte emigration, t cell transmigration of lymph nodes, and t cell chemotaxis in tissues. alterations in expression of functional s1p1 receptors by lymphocytes are the major mechanisms controlling their responses to s1p and were thought to be solely a consequence of the balance between surface down-regulation and insertion. however, results now show that lack of sulfation of ty ...	2005	16148028
investigations on anti-aspergillus properties of bacterial products.	to investigate the anti-aspergillus properties of bacterial products.	2005	16162136
a study on inhibitory effects of siğla tree (liquidambar orientalis mill. var. orientalis) storax against several bacteria.	in this study, siğla (liquidambar orientalis mill.) storax (styrax) was investigated for antibacterial activity against aeromonas hydrophila, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, b. brevis, b. cereus, b. megaterium, b. subtilis, corynebacterium xerosis, enterobacter aerogenes, enterococcus faecalis, escherichia coli, e. coli o157:h7, klebsiella pneumoniae, listeria monocytogenes, micrococcus luteus, mycobacterium smegmatis, proteus vulgaris, pseudomonas aeruginosa, p. fluorescens, staphylococcus aureus a ...	2005	16114094
a simplified method for assay of hydrogenase activities of h2 evolution and uptake in enterobacter aerogenes.	assay of hydrogenase activity pertaining to h2 production needs anaerobic conditions. to establish a simplified method for assay of hydrogenase activities by using intact cells of enterobater aerogenes, different chemicals capable of enhancing the cell-wall permeability to electron mediators were examined. as a result, triton x-100 and ctab were found to be appropriate for h2 uptake and evolution activities of the intact cells, respectively. this method enabled h2 uptake and evolution activities ...	2005	16132849
occurrence and regulation of the ferric citrate transport system in escherichia coli b, klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter aerogenes, and photorhabdus luminescens.	in escherichia coli k-12, transcription of the ferric citrate transport genes fecabcde is initiated by binding of diferric dicitrate to the outer membrane protein feca which elicits a signaling cascade from the cell surface to the cytoplasm. the feci sigma factor is only active in the presence of fecr, which transfers the signal across the cytoplasmic membrane. in other bacteria, fecira homologues control iron transport gene transcription by siderophores other than citrate. however, in most case ...	2005	16193283
inorganic polyphosphate in the social life of myxococcus xanthus: motility, development, and predation.	inorganic polyphosphate (poly p), a polymer of tens or hundreds of phosphate residues linked by high-energy, atp-like bonds, is found in all organisms and performs a wide variety of functions. myxococcus xanthus, a social bacterium that feeds on other bacteria and forms fruiting bodies and spores, depends on poly p for motility, development, and nutritional predation. two poly p metabolizing enzymes were studied in m. xanthus: poly p kinase 1, which synthesizes poly p reversibly from atp, and po ...	2005	16174737
clinical and molecular analysis of extended-spectrum {beta}-lactamase-producing enterobacteria in the community setting.	during a previous survey, five extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing enterobacteria (esble) (two enterobacter aerogenes isolates expressing tem-24 b, two escherichia coli isolates expressing tem-21 or tem-24 b, and one klebsiella pneumoniae isolate expressing shv-4/tem-15) responsible for urinary tract infections (utis) were found among 1,584 strains collected from community patients. the aim of the present study was to elucidate the route of emergence of these typically nosocomial o ...	2005	16207960
antibiotic resistance in outpatient urinary isolates: final results from the north american urinary tract infection collaborative alliance (nautica).	the goal of the north american urinary tract infection collaborative alliance (nautica) study was to determine antibiotic susceptibility to commonly used agents for urinary tract infections against outpatient urinary isolates obtained in various geographic regions in the usa and canada. forty-one medical centres (30 from the usa and 11 from canada) participated, with each centre submitting up to 50 consecutive outpatient midstream urine isolates. isolates were identified to species level by the ...	2005	16243229
hydrogen and ethanol production from glycerol-containing wastes discharged after biodiesel manufacturing process.	h2 and ethanol production from glycerol-containing wastes discharged after a manufacturing process for biodiesel fuel (biodiesel wastes) using enterobacter aerogenes hu-101 was evaluated. the biodiesel wastes should be diluted with a synthetic medium to increase the rate of glycerol utilization and the addition of yeast extract and tryptone to the synthetic medium accelerated the production of h2 and ethanol. the yields of h2 and ethanol decreased with an increase in the concentrations of biodie ...	2005	16243274
identification of three urease accessory proteins that are required for urease activation in arabidopsis.	urease is a nickel-containing urea hydrolase involved in nitrogen recycling from ureide, purine, and arginine catabolism in plants. the process of urease activation by incorporation of nickel into the active site is a prime example of chaperone-mediated metal transfer to an enzyme. four urease accessory proteins are required for activation in klebsiella aerogenes. in plants urease accessory proteins have so far been only partially defined. using reverse genetic tools we identified four genes tha ...	2005	16244137
[profiles of the utilization of 20 amino acids as the only source of nitrogen and carbon in bacteria of the genera klebsiella, enterobacter, serratia, escherichia].	the profiles of the utilization of 20 protein amino acids in 118 klebsiella pneumoniae sub- sp. pneumoniae, k. oxytoca, k. planticola, k. mobilis, enterobacter cloacae, serratia marscescens, s. liquefaciens, escherichia coli strains isolated from clinical material were studied. the utilization of amino acids was determined on minimal saline agar containing amino acid as the only source of nitrogen and carbon; the results were evaluated after 72-hour incubation at 37 degrees c. 17 profiles of ami ...	2005	16279526
minimum leak size determination, under laboratory and commercial conditions, for bacterial entry into polymeric trays used for shelf-stable food packaging.	this study sought to determine the minimum leak size for entry of enterobacter aerogenes under laboratory conditions, and normal flora under commercial conditions, into tryptic soy broth with yeast extract (tsbye), homestyle chicken, and beef enchilada packaged in 355-ml polyethylene terephthalate/ethylene vinyl alcohol/polypropylene trays. channel leaks (diameters of 50 to 200 microm) were made across the sealing area of the trays. pinholes (diameters of 5 to 50 microm) were made by imbedding l ...	2005	16300076
differential activity of a lectin from solieria filiformis against human pathogenic bacteria.	a lectin isolated from the red alga solieria filiformis was evaluated for its effect on the growth of 8 gram-negative and 3 gram-positive bacteria cultivated in liquid medium (three independent experiments/bacterium). the lectin (500 microg/ml) stimulated the growth of the gram-positive species bacillus cereus and inhibited the growth of the gram-negative species serratia marcescens, salmonella typhi, klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter aerogenes, proteus sp, and pseudomonas aeruginosa at 1000 m ...	2005	16302091
hydrogen production from glucose by anaerobes.	various anaerobes were cultivated in media containing glucose. when 100 ml of thioglycollate medium containing 2.0% (w/v) glucose was used, clostridium butyricum atcc 859, nbrc 3315, and nbrc 13949 evolved 227-243 ml of biogas containing about 180 ml of hydrogen in 1 day. although some strains had some resistance against oxygen, c. butyricum atcc 859 and 860 did not have it. c. butyricum nbrc 3315 and enterobacter aerogenes nbrc 13534 produced hydrogen in the presence of glucose or pyruvic acid, ...	2005	16321068
determination of the antimicrobial properties of oligo-2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde.	oligo-2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde (ohna) was synthesized by oxidative polycondensation using h2o2 (35%, aqueous solution), air o2 and naocl (34%, aqueous solution) by kaya and senol and the products were characterized by spectral techniques. antimicrobial activities of the first and second fractions of ohna were tested against corynobacterium xerosis ccm 2824, proteus vulgaris atcc 6897, staphylococcus epidermidis nrrl b-4877, s. aureus atcc 6538, enterobacter aerogenes atcc 13048, salmonella thy ...	2005	16355978
antibacterial activity and specificity of the six human {alpha}-defensins.	we developed a kinetic, 96-well turbidimetric procedure that is capable of testing the antimicrobial properties of six human alpha-defensins concurrently on a single microplate. the defensins were prepared by solid-phase peptide synthesis and tested against gram-positive bacteria (staphylococcus aureus and bacillus cereus) and gram-negative bacteria (enterobacter aerogenes and escherichia coli). analysis of the growth curves provided virtual lethal doses (vlds) equivalent to conventional 50% let ...	2005	15616305
inorganic polyphosphate in dictyostelium discoideum: influence on development, sporulation, and predation.	dictyostelium discoideum, a social slime mold that forms fruiting bodies with spores, depends on inorganic polyphosphate (poly p) for its cycles of development and for nutritional predation on bacteria. the synthesis of poly p, a polymer of tens or hundreds of phosphate residues linked by high energy, atp-like bonds, is catalyzed in most bacteria by poly p kinase (ppk1). the eukaryote d. discoideum possesses a homolog of ppk1. we report here that mutants of d. discoideum ppk1 (ddppk1) have reduc ...	2005	15701689
chloramphenicol and expression of multidrug efflux pump in enterobacter aerogenes.	chloramphenicol has been reported to act as an inducer of the multidrug resistance in escherichia coli. a resistant variant able to grow on plates containing 64 microg/ml chloramphenicol was obtained from the enterobacter aerogenes atcc 13048-type strain. chloramphenicol resistance was due to an active efflux of this antibiotic and it was associated with resistance to fluoroquinolones and tetracycline, but not to aminoglycoside or beta-lactam antibiotics. mdr in the chloramphenicol-resistant var ...	2005	15707992
(1)h nmr spectroscopy in the diagnosis of pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced urinary tract infection.	the utility of (1)h nmr spectroscopy is suggested and demonstrated for the diagnosis of pseudomonas aeruginosa in urinary tract infection (uti). the specific property of p. aeruginosa of metabolizing nicotinic acid to 6-hydroxynicotinic acid (6-ohna) is exploited. the quantity of 6-ohna produced correlates well with the viable bacterial count. other common bacteria causing uti such as escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumonia, enterobacter aerogenes, acinetobacter baumanii, proteus mirabilis, citro ...	2005	15759292
successive emergence of enterobacter aerogenes strains resistant to imipenem and colistin in a patient.	enterobacter aerogenes is an agent of hospital-acquired infection that exhibits a remarkable resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics during therapy. five successive isolates of e. aerogenes infecting a patient and exhibiting a multiresistance phenotype to beta-lactam antibiotics and fluoroquinolones were investigated. among these clinical strains, four presented resistant phenotypes during successive imipenem and colistin treatments. the involved resistance mechanisms exhibited by the successive i ...	2005	15793111
characterization of a novel nadp(+)-dependent d-arabitol dehydrogenase from the plant pathogen uromyces fabae.	we have identified and characterized a novel nadp(+)-dependent d-arabitol dehydrogenase and the corresponding gene from the rust fungus uromyces fabae, a biotrophic plant pathogen on broad bean (vicia faba). the new enzyme was termed ard1p (d-arabitol dehydrogenase 1). it recognizes d-arabitol and mannitol as substrates in the forward reaction, and d-xylulose, d-ribulose and d-fructose as substrates in the reverse reaction. co-factor specificity was restricted to nadp(h). kinetic data for the ma ...	2005	15796718
[prosthetic valve endocarditis due to enterobacter aerogenes].		2005	15639331
detection and characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases among bloodstream isolates of enterobacter spp. in hong kong, 2000-2002.	a total of 139 consecutive and non-duplicate bloodstream isolates of enterobacter spp. collected from inpatients in hong kong during 2000-2002 were studied for production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbls).	2005	15681579
enterobacter meningitis: organism susceptibilities, antimicrobial therapy and related outcomes.	meningitis due to enterobacter species is an uncommon infection in adults; however, when present, treatment is frequently complicated by resistance of many enterobacter isolates to third-generation cephalosporins and poor central nervous system penetration of other antibiotics. the aim of this study was to retrospectively review cases of meningitis caused by enterobacter species at our institution, to better characterize patient factors, pathogen characteristics, and treatment options for this i ...	2005	15936376
multidrug resistance in gram-negative bacteria that produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbls).	in 1983, just two years after the introduction of the oxymino-beta-lactams to the market , the first extended-spectrum beta-lactamases were isolated in germany from klebsiella pneumoniae strains. since then several outbreaks have been reported in many european countries and the usa, and nowadays in several places worldwide the problem seems to reach endemic dimensions, with rates exceeding 50% in some countries, such as portugal and turkey. on the other hand not only k. pneumoniae but also esche ...	2005	15953019
spread of novel expanded-spectrum beta-lactamases in enterobacteriaceae in a university hospital in the paris area, france.	in 2002, 28 non-duplicate enterobacterial isolates producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbls) were collected from infected patients at the bicêtre hospital in paris, france. escherichia coli was the predominant esbl-positive enterobacterial species, comprising ten (36%) of the isolates. ctx-m enzymes (ctx-m-3, ctx-m-10, ctx-m-14 and ctx-m-15) were produced by 11 (39%) of the isolates (six e. coli, two enterobacter cloacae, one enterobacter aerogenes, one proteus mirabilis and one citrob ...	2005	15966981
aetiology of catheter-associated bacteriuria in lagos university teaching hospital.	a prospective study to determine the causative agents of catheter-related bacteriuria was carried out on 99 patients with median age of 55 years, on admission in the oncology, paediatric surgery and obstetric and gynaecology wards of the lagos university teaching hospital. there was significant bacteriuria in seventy-one (72%) of the 99 urine samples. all catheter urine samples were contaminated by day 5 gram-negative bacilli were predominant (89.3%) of which pseudomonas aeruginosa (26.2%) was t ...	2005	15997255
rapid detection of a gfp-marked enterobacter aerogenes under anaerobic conditions by aerobic fluorescence recovery.	a gfp- and kanamycin-resistance gene-containing plasmid pucgk was successfully constructed and transformed into enterobacter aerogenes to develop a rapid gfp-based method for quantifying the bacterial concentration under anaerobic conditions for production of biohydrogen. since the use of gfp as a molecular reporter is restricted by its requirement for oxygen in the development of the fluorophore, fluorescence detection for the fluorescent e. aerogenes grown anaerobically for hydrogen production ...	2005	16006057
effects of formate on fermentative hydrogen production by enterobacter aerogenes.	this paper describes the effects of formate on fermentative hydrogen production by enterobacter aerogenes by way of batch culture. when 20 mm formate was added to ph 6.3 and ph 5.8 e. aerogenes glucose cultures (formate culture) at the beginning of cultivation, hydrogen evolution through both glucose consumption and decomposition of the extrinsic formate occurred together, while hydrogen evolution occurred only through glucose consumption in the control cultures. the hydrogen evolution rates in ...	2005	15830121
increased expression of a bacterial phosphotriesterase in escherichia coli through directed evolution.	we devised a growth-based strategy for screening phosphotriesterase mutant libraries for variants with enhanced activity towards organophosphates that generate dimethyl phosphate when hydrolysed. phosphotriesterase mutants were screened for activity by growing transformed escherichia coli on agar plates containing methyl paraoxon as a sole phosphorus source. e. coli is capable of growth under these conditions when coexpressing the phosphotriesterase from agrobacterium radiobacter p230 (opda) and ...	2005	15866732
purification and properties of the klebsiella aerogenes uree metal-binding domain, a functional metallochaperone of urease.	klebsiella aerogenes uree, a metallochaperone that delivers nickel ions during urease activation, consists of distinct "peptide-binding" and "metal-binding" domains and a his-rich c terminus. deletion analyses revealed that the metal-binding domain alone is sufficient to facilitate urease activation. this domain was purified and shown to exhibit metal-binding properties similar to those of uree lacking only the his-rich tail.	2005	15866948
chemical compositions and antimicrobial activities of four different anatolian propolis samples.	propolis means a gum that is gathered by bees from various plants. it is known for its biological properties, having antibacterial, antifungal and healing properties. the aims of this study were to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of four different anatolian propolis samples on different groups of microorganisms including some oral pathogens and comparison between their chemical compositions. ethanol extracts of propolis (eep) were prepared from four different anatolian propolis samples and e ...	2005	15881836
the eefabc multidrug efflux pump operon is repressed by h-ns in enterobacter aerogenes.	the enterobacter aerogenes eefabc locus, which encodes a tripartite efflux pump, was cloned by complementation of an escherichia coli tolc mutant. e. aerogenes deltaacra expressing eefabc became less susceptible to a wide range of antibiotics. data from eef::lacz fusions showed that eefabc was not transcribed in the various laboratory conditions tested. however, increased transcription from peef was observed in an e. coli hns mutant. in addition, eefa was detected in e. aerogenes expressing a do ...	2005	15901719
antidiarrhoeal activity of the methanol extract of the barks of xylocarpus moluccensis in castor oil- and magnesium sulphate-induced diarrhoea models in mice.	the methanol (meoh) extract of the barks of xylocarpus moluccensis, and different fractions of this extract were studied for antidiarrhoeal activity using castor oil- and magnesium sulphate-induced diarrhoea models in mice. at the doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg, the meoh extract showed significant antidiarrhoeal activity in both models. the etoac fraction (eaf) and the residual meoh fraction (rmf) exhibited similar activity using a dose of 250 mg/kg in both models. no antidiarrhoeal activity was obs ...	2005	15905054
histamine production by enterobacter aerogenes in sailfish and milkfish at various storage temperatures.	enterobacter aerogenes was studied for its growth and ability to promote the formation of total volatile base nitrogen (tvbn) and histamine in sailfish (istiophorus platypterus) and milkfish (chanos chanos) stored at various temperatures from -20 to 37 degrees c. the optimal temperature for bacterial growth in both fish species was 25 degrees c, whereas the optimal temperature for histamine formation was 37 degrees c. the two fish species inoculated with e. aerogenes, when not properly stored at ...	2005	21132980
a computational analysis of the three isoforms of glutamate dehydrogenase reveals structural features of the isoform ec 1.4.1.4 supporting a key role in ammonium assimilation by plants.	there are three isoforms of glutamate dehydrogenase. the isoform ec 1.4.1.4 (gdh4) catalyses glutamate synthesis from 2-oxoglutarate and ammonium, using nad(p)h. ammonium assimilation is critical for plant growth. although gdh4 from animals and prokaryotes are well characterized, there are few data concerning plant gdh4, even from those whose genomes are well annotated.	2006	17173671
antifungal and antibacterial activities of mexican tarragon (tagetes lucida).	mexican tarragon (tagetes lucida cv. asteraceae: campanulatae) is an important, nutritious plant and an effective herbal medicine. seven coumarins, 7,8-dihydroxycoumarin (4), umbelliferone (7-hydroxycoumarin) (5), scoparone (6,7-dimethoxycoumarin) (7), esculetin (6,7-dihydroxycoumarin) (11), 6-hydroxy-7-methoxycoumarin (12), herniarin (7-methoxycoumarin) (13), and scopoletin (6-methoxy-7-hydroxycoumarin) (14), and three flavonoids, patuletin (18), quercetin (19), and quercetagetin (20), were iso ...	2006	19127719
distribution of a transposon-like element carrying bla(cmy-2) among salmonella and other enterobacteriaceae.	the dissemination of cephamycin resistance in enterobacteriaceae and its correlation with a transposon-like dna element consisting of a specific tnpa-bla(cmy-2)-blc-suge structure were investigated.	2006	16396917
high-dose cefepime as an alternative treatment for infections caused by tem-24 esbl-producing enterobacter aerogenes in severely-ill patients.	this study evaluated retrospectively the efficacy of treatment with cefepime vs. a carbapenem, in combination with amikacin or ciprofloxacin, for seriously-ill patients infected with esbl-producing enterobacter aerogenes who were admitted to an intensive care unit. forty-four episodes of infection were investigated in 43 patients: 21 treated with cefepime; 23 with a carbapenem. the two treatment groups did not differ statistically in terms of age, apache ii scores, and infection sites, but the a ...	2006	16460547
genetic modification of bacillus subtilis for production of d-chiro-inositol, an investigational drug candidate for treatment of type 2 diabetes and polycystic ovary syndrome.	d-chiro-inositol (dci) is a drug candidate for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and polycystic ovary syndrome, since it improves the efficiency with which the body uses insulin and also promotes ovulation. here, we report genetic modification of bacillus subtilis for production of dci from myo-inositol (mi). the b. subtilis iolabcdefghij operon encodes enzymes for the multiple steps of the mi catabolic pathway. in the first and second steps, mi is converted to 2-keto-mi (2kmi) by iolg and then t ...	2006	16461681
induction by klebsiella aerogenes of a melanin-like pigment in cryptococcus neoformans.	while studying the interaction of cryptococcus neoformans with dictyostelium discoideum, we noticed that yeast colonies in agar with a feeder lawn of klebsiella aerogenes were brown. this finding was intriguing because c. neoformans colonies are not pigmented unless they are provided with precursors for melanization. strains of all c. neoformans serotypes produced brown pigment in response to k. aerogenes at 22, 30, and 37 degrees c. pigment production required fungal laccase and was suppressed ...	2006	16461709
enterobacter gergoviae and the prevalence of efflux in parabens resistance.	in order to characterize the mechanism involved in parabens resistance, we studied 13 enterobacter gergoviae collected from diverse cosmetic formulations containing parabens as preservatives and 10 isolates from clinical or industrial sources.	2006	16473920
abdominal aortitis due to streptococcus pneumoniae and enterobacter aerogenes: a case report and review.	endovascular infections are 1 cause of fever of unknown origin. we describe a diagnostically challenging case of cryptogenic abdominal aortitis from streptococcus pneumoniae and enterobacter aerogenes. a 72-year-old male presented with epigastric pain, fevers, and chills. a computed tomography scan demonstrated enlargement and ulceration of the distal abdominal aorta, prompting urgent vascular surgery. intraoperative tissue cultures grew s. pneumoniae and e. aerogenes and gatifloxacin was admini ...	2006	16808760
the purification, crystallization and preliminary diffraction of a glycerophosphodiesterase from enterobacter aerogenes.	the metallo-glycerophosphodiesterase from enterobacter aerogenes (gpdq) has been cloned, expressed in escherichia coli and purified. initial screening of crystallization conditions for this enzyme resulted in the identification of needles from one condition in a sodium malonate grid screen. removal of the metals from the enzyme and subsequent optimization of these conditions led to crystals that diffracted to 2.9 angstroms and belonged to space group p2(1)3, with unit-cell parameter a = 164.1 an ...	2006	16820687
quinoline derivatives as promising inhibitors of antibiotic efflux pump in multidrug resistant enterobacter aerogenes isolates.	efflux pumps protect the bacterial cell by expelling toxic compounds before they reach intracellular targets. because this mechanism actively contributes to the resistance of a given bacterium to more than one class of antibiotics, molecules that are able to block the relevant efflux pump are of potential significance to combat drug resistance caused by efflux pumps. different quinoline derivatives including alkoxy, alkylamino, thioalkoxy and chloroquinolines have been previously reported to mak ...	2006	16842215
surrogates for validation of electron beam irradiation of foods.	the aim of this study was to identify a potential surrogate to describe the radiation sensitivity of the most common pathogens encountered in fruits. three pathogens: escherichia coli o157:h7 933, listeria monocytogenes atcc 51414, and salmonella poona, and five non-pathogens: e. coli k-12 mg1655, listeria innocua seeliger 1983 (nrrl b-33003 and nrrl b-33014), enterobacter aerogenes, and salmonella lt2 were inoculated (populations of 10(7)-10(9) cfu/ml) into model food systems (10% w/w gelatin) ...	2006	16690150
in vivo selection of enterobacter aerogenes with reduced susceptibility to cefepime and carbapenems associated with decreased expression of a 40 kda outer membrane protein and hyperproduction of ampc beta-lactamase.	the mechanism(s) of resistance or decreased susceptibility to cefepime (fep) and/or imipenem (imp) in three consecutive isolates of enterobacter aerogenes (ea1, ea2 and ea3) cultured from bronchial aspirates of the same patient after treatment with ceftriaxone and fep were studied. identification was performed with the vitek 2 system. all three isolates showed identical pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns and were resistant (minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics)) to cefoxitin (mic, >102 ...	2006	16697150
the nickel site of bacillus pasteurii uree, a urease metallo-chaperone, as revealed by metal-binding studies and x-ray absorption spectroscopy.	uree is a homodimeric metallo-chaperone that assists the insertion of ni(2+) ions in the active site of urease. the crystal structures of uree from bacillus pasteurii and klebsiella aerogenes have been determined, but the details of the nickel-binding site were not elucidated due to solid-state effects that caused disorder in a key portion of the protein. a complementary approach to this problem is described here. titrations of wild-type bacillus pasteurii uree (bpuree) with ni(2+), followed by ...	2006	16700560
gram-negative meningitis and infections in individuals treated with intrathecal baclofen for spasticity: a retrospective study.	the aim of this retrospective study was to describe signs, symptoms, and clinical outcomes of individuals undergoing intrathecal baclofen (itb) therapy who experienced pump-related gram-negative infections including meningitis. participants included 12 individuals (nine males, three females) aged 10 to 32 years (mean 17y 9mo), nine of whom had quadriplegic cp. a total of 571 baclofen pump surgeries were performed with 45 total infections. of the 45 infections, 12 were by gram-negative organisms, ...	2006	16700935
chloroquinolines block antibiotic efflux pumps in antibiotic-resistant enterobacter aerogenes isolates.	efflux mechanisms protect bacterial cells by pumping out toxic compounds and actively contribute to bacterial multidrug resistance. agents inhibiting efflux pumps are of interest for the control of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. herein we report the effects of new chloroquinoline derivatives that render resistant enterobacter aerogenes isolates noticeably more susceptible to structurally unrelated antibiotics. in addition, some of these chloroquinolines increase the intracellular conc ...	2006	16707249
antimicrobial activities of cinnamon oil and cinnamaldehyde from the chinese medicinal herb cinnamomum cassia blume.	both cinnamomum verum j.s. presl. and cinnamomum cassia blume are collectively called cortex cinnamonmi for their medicinal cinnamon bark. cinnamomum verum is more popular elsewhere in the world, whereas c. cassia is a well known traditional chinese medicine. an analysis of hydro-distilled chinese cinnamon oil and pure cinnamaldehyde by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry revealed that cinnamaldehyde is the major component comprising 85% in the essential oil and the purity of cinnamaldehyde in ...	2006	16710900
in vitro studies of intestinal permeability and hepatic and intestinal metabolism of 8-prenylnaringenin, a potent phytoestrogen from hops (humulus lupulus l.).	the absorption potential and metabolism of 8-prenylnaringenin (8-pn) from hops (humulus lupulus l.) were investigated. 8-pn is a potent estrogen with the potential to be used for the relief of menopausal symptoms in women.	2006	16715376
urinary tract infection and hyperbilirubinemia.	the aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of urinary tract infection (uti) in newborns with asymptomatic, unexplained indirect hyperbilirubinemia in the first two weeks of life. jaundiced infants, otherwise clinically well, less than two weeks of ages, with a total bilirubin level above 15 mg/dl were eligible for the study. a bilirubin work-up including glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g-6 pd) level, as well as urinalysis and a urine culture were performed in all patients. patients w ...	2006	16562786
overexpression, purification and preliminary x-ray analysis of pullulanase from bacillus subtilis strain 168.	the amyx gene encoding pullulanase from the common spore-forming bacterium bacillus subtilis strain 168 was cloned, overexpressed in escherichia coli, purified and crystallized. the recombinant pullulanase was purified to homogeneity using ammonium sulfate precipitation, hydrophobic chromatography and anion-exchange chromatography, resulting in a specific activity of 24.10 u per milligram of protein. sds-page analysis showed that the molecular weight of the protein is approximately 81.0 kda, whi ...	2006	16582490
evaluation of the methods for enumerating coliform bacteria from water samples using precise reference standards.	to use bioball cultures as a precise reference standard to evaluate methods for enumeration of escherichia coli and other coliform bacteria in water samples.	2006	16599987
antimicrobial, wound healing and antioxidant activity of plagiochasma appendiculatum lehm. et lind.	plagiochasma appendiculatum (aytoniaceae) of the order marchantiales is widely used in the form of paste ethnomedicinally by gaddi tribe in kangra valley for treating skin diseases. in this context, antimicrobical potential of plagiochasma appendiculatum against a wide range of microorganisms was studied. to validate the ethnotherapeutic claims of the plant in skin diseases, wound healing activity was studied, besides antioxidant activity to understand the mechanism of wound healing activity. th ...	2006	16600543
production of the cryptic eefabc efflux pump in enterobacter aerogenes chloramphenicol-resistant mutants.	acrab-tolc is the major tripartite multidrug efflux pump in enterobacter aerogenes while eefabc is a cryptic efflux system. this study was conducted to identify and characterize e. aerogenes mutants producing the eefabc efflux pump.	2006	16606635
[microbial description of bacteriuria in long-term care facilities: a prospective study in the french teaching hospital of strasbourg].	the authors had for aim to assess, the incidence of symptomatic bacteriuria and the level of antibiotic resistance in bacteria identified in long-term care facilities (ltc).	2006	16644164
effect of 1-(1-naphthylmethyl)-piperazine, a novel putative efflux pump inhibitor, on antimicrobial drug susceptibility in clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae other than escherichia coli.	1-(1-naphthylmethyl)-piperazine (nmp) has been shown to reverse multidrug resistance (mdr) in escherichia coli overexpressing rnd type efflux pumps, but there is no data on its activity in enterobacteriaceae other than e. coli.	2006	16354746
metabolic activation of bladder procarcinogens, 2-aminofluorene, 4-aminobiphenyl, and benzidine by pseudomonas aeruginosa and other human endogenous bacteria.	pseudomonas aeruginosa, an opportunistic pathogen of the human urinary tract, and other selected human endogenous bacteria were investigated for metabolic activation of the bladder procarcinogens, 2-aminofluorene (2-af), 4-aminobiphenyl (4-ab), and benzidine (bz). the cell-free extracts of pseudomonas aeruginosa, escherichia coli, enterobacter aerogenes, proteus mirabilis, proteus vulgaris, staphylococcus epidermidis, staphylococcus saprophyticus, klebsiella pneumoniae, and intestinal anaerobes, ...	2006	16203120
production, acceptability and microbiological evaluation of weaning food formulations.	weaning food formulations were produced from pearl millet cultivar (sosat c-88), cowpea and groundnut in the ratio of 70:20:10 and 5 per cent malt from six pearl millet cultivars (sosat c-88, zango, ex-borno, icmv is 94206, gwagwa, gb 8735) and one sorghum cultivar (icsv iii) were added to produce seven formulations plus the one without malt. microbiological quality of eight weaning food formulations was evaluated. twenty weaning mothers were used to determine the acceptability of gruels from th ...	2006	16169859
a solvent tolerant isolate of enterobacter aerogenes.	a solvent tolerant strain of enterobacter aerogenes was isolated from soil by cyclohexane enrichment. presence of cyclohexane (20%) in culture media prolonged the lag phase and caused reduction in biomass. transmission electron micrographs showed convoluted cell membrane and accumulation of solvent in case of the cells grown in cyclohexane. the enterobacter isolate was able to grow in the range of organic solvents having log p above 3.2 and also in presence of mercury, thus showing potential for ...	2006	16154507
effects of carbon source and vitreoscilla hemoglobin (vhb) on the production of beta-galactosidase in enterobacter aerogenes.	at fixed concentration (0.5%), lactose and galactose acted as inducers while glucose and other tested carbon sugars showed repression effects on beta-galactosidase production in enterobacter aerogenes strain. the expression of vitreoscilla hemoglobin gene (vgb) in this bacterial strain managed to overcome the repression effects as well as improving the induction of beta-galactosidase formation by carbon sources. in parallel, the bacterial o(2) consumption was increased correspondingly to the vgb ...	2006	16972134
evaluation of the hygienic quality and associated public health hazards of raw milk marketed by smallholder dairy producers in the dar es salaam region, tanzania.	a cross-sectional study was conducted to determine three parameters of the quality of the raw milk marketed by milk selling points (msps) in dar es salaam region. total bacterial count (tbc) was used as an indicator of the microbial quality of the milk; antimicrobial residues were determined; and the california mastitis test (cmt) was used to screen for milk somatic cells as an indication of the mastitis level in the cows that provided the milk. moreover, a water sample at each msp was taken for ...	2006	16986766
frequency and predictors of colonization of the respiratory tract by vim-2-producing pseudomonas aeruginosa in patients of a newly established intensive care unit.	the aim of this study was to examine the frequency and predictors of colonization of the respiratory tract by metallo-beta-lactamase (mbl)-producing gram-negative bacteria in patients admitted to a newly established intensive care unit (icu) of a tertiary care hospital. specimens of tracheobronchial aspirates for microbiological studies were obtained every day for the first 3 days of the icu stay and subsequently every third day for the rest of the icu stay. pcr analysis and nucleotide sequencin ...	2006	17005794
ciprofloxacin-resistant gram-negative bacilli in the fecal microflora of children.	the extent to which antibiotic-resistant bacteria are excreted by humans who have not been exposed to antibiotics is not known. children, who rarely receive fluoroquinolones, provide opportunities to assess the frequency of fecal excretion by fluoroquinolone-naïve hosts of fluoroquinolone-resistant gram-negative bacilli. fresh nondiarrheal stools from children were processed by screening them on agar containing ciprofloxacin to recover ciprofloxacin-resistant gram-negative bacilli. resistant iso ...	2006	17005812
antimicrobial susceptibility among pathogens collected from hospitalized patients in the united states and in vitro activity of tigecycline, a new glycylcycline antimicrobial.	the activities of tigecycline and comparators against isolates collected from 76 u.s. centers between january 2004 and september 2005 were assessed. tigecycline mic(90)s were < or =2 microg/ml for klebsiella pneumoniae, klebsiella oxytoca, escherichia coli, enterobacter aerogenes, enterobacter cloacae, serratia marcescens, acinetobacter baumannii, staphylococcus aureus, enterococcus faecalis, enterococcus faecium, and streptococcus agalactiae.	2006	17005838
antimicrobial activity of two wild mushrooms clitocybe alexandri (gill.) konr. and rhizopogon roseolus (corda) t.m. fries collected from turkey.	two edible wild mushrooms, namely clitocybe alexandri (gill.) konr. (tricholomataceae) and rhizopogon roseolus (corda) t.m. fries (rhizopogonaceae), collected from the southwest of turkey, were tested for their antimicrobial activity by using the disc diffusion method. the ethanol, methanol, diethyl ether, water, ethylacetate and n-hexane extracts from the fruit bodies of mushrooms were assayed against 13 microorganisms. in comparison with the test antibiotics penicillin, novobiocin, nalidixic a ...	2006	17009205
rapid antibiotic sensitivity testing and trimethoprim-mediated filamentation of clinical isolates of the enterobacteriaceae assayed on a novel porous culture support.	a porous inorganic material (anopore) was employed as a microbial culture and microcolony imaging support. rapid anopore-based antibiotic sensitivity testing (ast) methods were developed to assess the growth of clinical isolates, with the primary focus on testing the response of the enterobacteriaceae to trimethoprim, but with the method supporting a wider applicability in terms of strains and antibiotics. it was possible to detect the growth of enterobacter aerogenes after 25 min culture and to ...	2006	17030910
the ureef fusion protein provides a soluble and functional form of the uref urease accessory protein.	four accessory proteins (ured, uree, uref, and ureg) are typically required to form the nickel-containing active site in the urease apoprotein (ureabc). among the accessory proteins, ured and uref have been elusive targets for biochemical and structural characterization because they are not overproduced as soluble proteins. using the best-studied urease system, in which the klebsiella aerogenes genes are expressed in escherichia coli, a translational fusion of uree and uref was generated. the ur ...	2006	17041056
thermodynamics of organisms in the context of dynamic energy budget theory.	we carry out a thermodynamic analysis to an organism. it is applicable to any type of organism because (1) it is based on a thermodynamic formalism applicable to all open thermodynamic systems and (2) uses a general model to describe the internal structure of the organism--the dynamic energy budget (deb) model. our results on the thermodynamics of deb organisms are the following. (1) thermodynamic constraints for the following types of organisms: (a) aerobic and exothermic, (b) anaerobic and exo ...	2006	17279933
use of flow cytometry for analysis of phage-mediated killing of enterobacter aerogenes.	in this study, the use of flow cytometry to analyze phage-mediated killing of enterobacter aerogenes under varying conditions of temperature and nutrient availability was assessed. bacteriophage uz1, specific for an e. aerogenes strain, was applied at a multiplicity of infection (moi) of 1 and 1000 to a teflon surface, artificially infected with its host at a level of 4.5 log cells. after incubation for 20 h, bacteriophages were quantified using the soft agar layer method. for the quantification ...	2006	16901680
1h nmr spectroscopy in the diagnosis of klebsiella pneumoniae-induced urinary tract infection.	the (1)h nmr spectroscopic method is suggested and its utility is demonstrated for the diagnosis of klebsiella pneumoniae (k. pneumoniae) in urinary tract infection (uti). k. pneumoniae have the specific property of metabolizing glycerol to 1,3-propanediol (1,3-pd), acetate, ethanol and succinate. the quantity of 1,3-pd produced correlates well with the viable bacterial count. other common bacteria causing uti (except for citrobacter frundii), such as escherichia coli (e. coli), pseudomonas aeru ...	2006	16927393
inhibition of urease by bismuth(iii): implications for the mechanism of action of bismuth drugs.	bismuth compounds are widely used for the treatment of peptic ulcers and helicobacter pylori infections. it has been suggested that enzyme inhibition plays an important role in the antibacterial activity of bismuth towards this bacterium. urease, an enzyme that converts urea into ammonia and carbonic acid, is crucial for colonization of the acidic environment of the stomach by h. pylori. here, we show that three bismuth complexes exhibit distinct mechanisms of urease inhibition, with some differ ...	2006	16937256
synthesis, structure and biological activity of cobalt(ii) and copper(ii) complexes of valine-derived schiff bases.	we have synthesized two cobalt(ii) 2 and copper(ii) 3 complexes of valine-derived schiff bases. the obtained complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, ft-ir and x-ray diffraction. biological studies of complexes 2 and 3 had been carried out in vitro for antimicrobial activity against gram-positive, gram-negative bacteria and human pathogenic fungi. compound 3 was proven to be a broad spectrum agent, showed a significant inhibition of the growth of gram-positive bacteria (staphylococcus ...	2006	16965817
ft-ir microspectroscopy for early identification of some clinically relevant pathogens.	to investigate the potentials and limitations of fourier transform-infrared (ft-ir) microspectroscopy as a tool to identify, at the level of microcolonies, pathogenic bacteria frequently isolated in the clinical environment.	2006	16968290
comparative anti - microbial evaluation studies of the extracts and isolates of leaves & bark of wrightia tomentosa.	the butanol and ethanol extract of the leaves and bark of wrightia tomentosa along with its seven pure component isolates (blf(28), blf(29), bbf(29), elf(3), elf7, elf(17), ebf(7) ) after fractionation by column chromatography were evaluated for antimicrobial activity against gram positive (s. aureus, s. fecalis, s.albus and b.subtilis) and gram negative (escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, proteus vulgaris & klebsiella aerogenes) bacteria and the fungi candida albicans by disc diffusion ...	2006	22557219
chemical composition and biological activity of the centipeda minima (asteraceae).	the antimicrobial activity of the centipeda minima l. (asteraceae) extract was evaluated against seven microorganisms using the disc diffusion method. the extract showed a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against all the tested bacterial strains, especially enterobacter aerogenes, klebsiella pneumonia, staphylococcus aureus and yersinia enterocolitica. the chemical composition of the extract obtained from centipeda minima was analysed by gc-ms. twentythree compounds, constituting about 8 ...	2007	22692191
intracellular accumulation of linezolid in escherichia coli, citrobacter freundii and enterobacter aerogenes: role of enhanced efflux pump activity and inactivation.	the oxazolidinone class of antibiotics such as linezolid have a narrow spectrum of activity that targets gram-positive bacteria. we hypothesized that the poor activity of linezolid in gram-negative bacteria is in part caused by relatively low intracellular concentration due to efflux.	2007	16971414
detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases among enterobacteriaceae by use of semiautomated microbiology systems and manual detection procedures.	three commercially available microbiology identification and susceptibility testing systems were compared with regard to their ability to detect extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl) production in enterobacteriaceae, i.e., the phoenix automated microbiology system (bd diagnostic systems, sparks, md), the vitek 2 system (biomérieux, marcy l'etoile, france), and the microscan walkaway-96 system (dade behring, inc., west sacramento, ca), using routine testing panels. one hundred fifty putative es ...	2007	17287329
benzoic acid-degrading bacteria from the intestinal tract of macrotermes michaelseni sjöstedt.	the intestinal tracts of termites host a wide variety of microbial symbionts, which have been implicated in degradative processes. in this study, a fungus-cultivating termite, macrotermes michaelseni was found to harbor 2.2 x 10(6) bacterial cells per ml of gut homogenates capable of degrading benzoic acid. two benzoic acid degrading bacteria were isolated from the highest dilution of gut homogenates in oxic media with benzoic acid as the sole carbon source. isolate cbc was related to stenotroph ...	2007	17304624
the structure and function of a novel glycerophosphodiesterase from enterobacter aerogenes.	the structure of the glycerophosphodiesterase (gdpd) from enterobacter aerogenes, gpdq, has been solved by sad phasing from the active site metal ions. structural analysis indicates that gpdq belongs to the alpha/beta sandwich metallo-phosphoesterase family, rather than the (alpha/beta)(8) barrel gdpd family, suggesting that gpdq is a structurally novel gdpd. hexameric gpdq is generated by interactions between three dimers. the dimers are formed through domain swapping, stabilised by an inter-ch ...	2007	17306828
antibacterial activity of snake, scorpion and bee venoms: a comparison with purified venom phospholipase a2 enzymes.	venoms of snakes, scorpions, bees and purified venom phospholipase a(2) (pla(2)) enzymes were examined to evaluate the antibacterial activity of purified venom enzymes as compared with that of the crude venoms.	2007	17309613
evaluation of phoenix automated microbiology system for detecting extended-spectrum beta-lactamases among chromosomal ampc-producing enterobacter cloacae, enterobacter aerogenes, citrobacter freundii, and serratia marcescens.	we evaluated the bd phoenix extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl) detection test among chromosomal ampc-producing enterobacter cloacae, enterobacter aerogenes, citrobacter freundii, and serratia marcescens. the study was conducted on 72 non-repetitive esbl producers (33 e. cloacae, 13 e. aerogenes, 14 c. freundii, and 12 s. marcescens) and 77 esbl non-producers (33 e. cloacae, 9 e. aerogenes, 6 c. freundii, and 29 s. marcescens). the organisms were selected as suspected esbl-producers based on ...	2007	17311873
optic atrophy due to curvularia lunata mucocoele.	the authors report on the case of a 57-year-old male who presented with poor vision of his right eye. he had right optic nerve atrophy secondary to neural compression by a mucocoele in the pituitary fossa. the patient underwent transphenoidal resection of the mucocoele. microbiology revealed curvularia lunata and enterobacter aerogenes present in the specimen. he was treated with liposomal amphotericin b and meropenem. assessment of vision post-operatively demonstrated improvement in his visual ...	2007	17323004
quantitative analysis of the growth of salmonella stanley during alfalfa sprouting and evaluation of enterobacter aerogenes as its surrogate.	raw seed sprouts have been implicated in several food poisoning outbreaks in the last 10 years. few studies have included investigations of factors influencing the effectiveness of testing spent irrigation water, and in no studies to date has a nonpathogenic surrogate been identified as suitable for large-scale irrigation water testing trials. alfalfa seeds were inoculated with salmonella stanley or its presumptive surrogate (nalidixic acid-resistant enterobacter aerogenes) at three concentratio ...	2007	17340864
regional variations in multidrug resistance among enterobacteriaceae in the usa and comparative activity of tigecycline, a new glycylcycline antimicrobial.	we report here on the activity of tigecycline and comparators against multidrug-resistant (resistant to >or=3 antimicrobial classes; mdr) enterobacteriaceae from the usa collected between january 2004 and january 2006 as part of the tigecycline evaluation and surveillance trial (test). nationally, 131 (5.9%) escherichia coli, 174 (10.1%) klebsiella pneumoniae, 4 (1.2%) klebsiella oxytoca, 24 (4.9%) enterobacter aerogenes, 126 (9.5%) enterobacter cloacae and 20 (2.6%) serratia marcescens isolates ...	2007	17376657
microbial production of hydrogen and ethanol from glycerol-containing wastes discharged from a biodiesel fuel production plant in a bioelectrochemical reactor with thionine.	h(2) and ethanol production from glycerol-containing wastes discharged from a biodiesel fuel production plant by enterobacter aerogenes nbrc 12010 was demonstrated in bioelectrochemical cells. thionine as an exogenous electron transfer mediator was reduced by e. aerogenes, and was re-oxidized by a working electrode applied at +0.2 v against a ag/agcl reference electrode by a potentiostat (electrode system). at the initial glycerol concentration of 110 mm, 92.9 mm glycerol was consumed in the ele ...	2007	17390385
re-citrate synthase from clostridium kluyveri is phylogenetically related to homocitrate synthase and isopropylmalate synthase rather than to si-citrate synthase.	the synthesis of citrate from acetyl-coenzyme a and oxaloacetate is catalyzed in most organisms by a si-citrate synthase, which is si-face stereospecific with respect to c-2 of oxaloacetate. however, in clostridium kluyveri and some other strictly anaerobic bacteria, the reaction is catalyzed by a re-citrate synthase, whose primary structure has remained elusive. we report here that re-citrate synthase from c. kluyveri is the product of a gene predicted to encode isopropylmalate synthase. c. klu ...	2007	17400742
antimicrobial disinfection effect of a laundering procedure for hospital textiles against various indicator bacteria and fungi using different substrates for simulating human excrements.	recent studies confirm the increase of nosocomial infections and microbial resistance. one of the possible causes is infected textiles due to inappropriate laundering procedures. most slovenian laundries use thermal laundering procedures with high energy and water consumption to disinfect hospital textiles. in addition to this fact, there is an increasing number of hospital textiles composed of cotton/polyester blends that cannot endure high temperatures of thermal disinfection. on the other han ...	2007	17046191
beta-d-allose inhibits fruiting body formation and sporulation in myxococcus xanthus.	myxococcus xanthus, a gram-negative soil bacterium, responds to amino acid starvation by entering a process of multicellular development which culminates in the assembly of spore-filled fruiting bodies. previous studies utilizing developmental inhibitors (such as methionine, lysine, or threonine) have revealed important clues about the mechanisms involved in fruiting body formation. we used biolog phenotype microarrays to screen 384 chemicals for complete inhibition of fruiting body development ...	2007	17056749
beta-d-allose inhibits fruiting body formation and sporulation in myxococcus xanthus.	myxococcus xanthus, a gram-negative soil bacterium, responds to amino acid starvation by entering a process of multicellular development which culminates in the assembly of spore-filled fruiting bodies. previous studies utilizing developmental inhibitors (such as methionine, lysine, or threonine) have revealed important clues about the mechanisms involved in fruiting body formation. we used biolog phenotype microarrays to screen 384 chemicals for complete inhibition of fruiting body development ...	2007	17056749
evaluation of a new selective chromogenic agar medium for detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae.	a novel chromogenic agar medium (esbl-bx; biomérieux, marcy l'etoile, france) was compared to macconkey agar supplemented with 2 mg ceftazidime/liter (mckc) for the selective isolation and presumptive identification of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing enterobacteriaceae directly from clinical samples. of a total of 644 clinical specimens (including 551 fecal samples), 496 yielded no growth and 148 yielded growth on one or both media. overall, 44 esbl-producing enterobacteriaceae ...	2007	17182756
characterization of a novel d-lyxose isomerase from cohnella laevoribosii ri-39 sp. nov.	a newly isolated bacterium, cohnella laevoribosii ri-39, could grow in a defined medium with l-ribose as the sole carbon source. a 21-kda protein isomerizing l-ribose to l-ribulose, as well as d-lyxose to d-xylulose, was purified to homogeneity from this bacterium. based on the n-terminal and internal amino acid sequences of the purified enzyme obtained by n-terminal sequencing and quantitative time of flight mass spectrometry-mass spectrometry analyses, a 549-bp gene (lyxa) encoding d-lyxose (l ...	2007	17189362
characterization of a novel d-lyxose isomerase from cohnella laevoribosii ri-39 sp. nov.	a newly isolated bacterium, cohnella laevoribosii ri-39, could grow in a defined medium with l-ribose as the sole carbon source. a 21-kda protein isomerizing l-ribose to l-ribulose, as well as d-lyxose to d-xylulose, was purified to homogeneity from this bacterium. based on the n-terminal and internal amino acid sequences of the purified enzyme obtained by n-terminal sequencing and quantitative time of flight mass spectrometry-mass spectrometry analyses, a 549-bp gene (lyxa) encoding d-lyxose (l ...	2007	17189362
emergence of arma and rmtb aminoglycoside resistance 16s rrna methylases in belgium.	16s rrna methylase-mediated high-level resistance to aminoglycosides has been reported recently in clinical isolates of gram-negative bacilli only from a limited number of countries. this study was conducted to investigate the occurrence of this type of resistance in clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae from two belgian hospitals and the characteristics of the strains.	2007	17224412