Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| seroprevalence of hav, hbv, hcv, and hev among acute hepatitis patients at kenyatta national hospital in nairobi, kenya. | acute viral hepatitis is most frequently caused by the hepatitis a virus (hav), hepatitis b virus (hbv), hepatitis c virus (hcv), hepatitis d virus (hdv) and hepatitis e virus (hev). | 2012 | 26856042 |
| genetic characteristics and pathogenicity of human hepatitis e virus in nanjing, china. | to investigate the genetic characteristics and pathogenicity of hepatitis e virus (hev) and assess the potential risk factors for sporadic hepatitis e. | 2012 | 22408357 |
| hiv, hev and cirrhosis: evidence of a possible link from eastern spain. | the aim of the study was to assess the seroprevalence of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in an hiv-infected population, as determined by hev immunoglobulin g (igg) antibodies (anti-hev). | 2012 | 22257075 |
| contribution of hepatitis e virus in acute sporadic hepatitis in north western india. | hepatitis e virus (hev) causes acute viral hepatitis. majority of the documented studies on hepatitis e have been focused on the incidence of this disease in northern and south central india. limited data are available on hev infection among acute sporadic hepatitis cases in north western india. the present study was undertaken to investigate the contribution of hepatitis e virus infection in sporadic hepatitis cases in rajasthan and neighbouring states. | 2012 | 23041743 |
| hepatitis a, b, c and e virus markers in chinese residing in tokyo, japan. | recently, the number of foreigners living in japan has been increasing, with the majority originating from china. it is important for us to know the prevalence of hepatitis virus markers among them, as proper medical practices and vaccinations should be prepared when seeing them and their offspring. | 2012 | 22524475 |
| epidemiological and virological characteristics of symptomatic acute hepatitis e in greater cairo, egypt. | the aim of the study was to describe the characteristics of acute hepatitis e in greater cairo. patients with acute hepatitis e were identified through a surveillance of acute hepatitis using the following definition: recent (<3 weeks) onset of fever or jaundice, alanine aminotransferase at least three times the upper limit of normal (uln), negative markers for other causes of viral hepatitis and detectable hepatitis e virus (hev) rna. comparison of the liver tests between acute hepatitis e and ... | 2012 | 22264267 |
| Prevalence of specific antibody to hepatitis E virus in the general population of the community of Madrid, Spain. | Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an infectious agent causing hepatitis among humans. Although hepatitis E has been reported from many European countries, its incidence in Europe is largely unknown, and the prevalence of the HEV infection is also unknown for most countries of the region. Antibody to HEV (anti-HEV) was tested on 2,305 serum samples from the general population of the Community of Madrid (Spain) collected in the year 2008 among people aged 2-60 years. Total anti-HEV was tested by enzyme-i ... | 2012 | 22095537 |
| occurrence of hepatitis e virus rna in plasma donations from sweden, germany and the united states. | 2012 | 22220775 | |
| coronavirus infection of rat dorsal root ganglia: ultrastructural characterization of viral replication, transfer, and the early response of satellite cells. | swine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (hev) has been shown to have a capability to gain access to the cell bodies of sensory neurons after peripheral inoculation, resulting in ganglionic infection. it is not clearly understood how this virus is replicated within and released from the sensory neurons, and it remains to know how satellite cells response to the hev invasion. by ultrastructurally examining hev-infected rat dorsal root ganglia, we found that hev in the cell bodies of infecte ... | 2012 | 22248641 |
| emerging zoonoses: the "one health approach". | zoonoses represent a public health risk recently pointed out by the spreading of previously unknown human infectious diseases emerging from animal reservoirs such as severe acute respiratory syndrome and avian influenza caused by h5n1-virus. these outbreaks have shown that animal breeding activities can pose a significant public health risk. until now, the risk of zoonoses has probably been underestimated, particularly in occupational settings. the emergence or re-emergence of bacterial (mycobac ... | 2012 | 22953235 |
| molecular biology and replication of hepatitis e virus. | hepatitis e virus (hev), a single-stranded, positive-sense rna virus, is responsible for acute hepatitis e epidemics in many developing countries, and the virus is also endemic in some industrialized countries. hepatitis e is a recognized zoonotic disease, and several animal species, including pigs, are potential reservoirs for hev. the genome of hev contains three open reading frames (orfs). orf1 encodes the nonstructural proteins, orf2 encodes the capsid protein, and orf3 encodes a small multi ... | 2012 | 26038426 |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis e antibodies and risk profile of hev seropositivity in the netherlands, 2006-2007. | summaryhepatitis e virus (hev) is now considered an endemic pathogen in industrialized countries, leading to acute and sometimes chronic hepatitis, mostly in vulnerable people. the endemic sources are unclear. a survey in the netherlands in 2006-2007 showed a 1·9% seroprevalence of hev antibodies measured by elisa and confirmed by immunoblot in a nationwide sample. overall, in 134/7072 (1·9%) seropositive individuals, older age (p<0·01), being male (p<0·01), working with patients (p=0·03), worki ... | 2012 | 22269886 |
| identical consensus sequence and conserved genomic polymorphism of hepatitis e virus during controlled interspecies transmission. | high-throughput sequencing of bile and feces from two pigs experimentally infected with human hepatitis e virus (hev) of genotype 3f revealed the same full-length consensus sequence as in the human sample. twenty-nine percent of polymorphic sites found in hev from the human sample were conserved throughout the infection of the heterologous host. the interspecies transmission of hev quasispecies is the result of a genomic negative-selection pressure on random mutations which can be deleterious to ... | 2012 | 22457521 |
| novel approach for detection of hepatitis e virus infection in german blood donors. | the risk of transfusion-transmitted hepatitis e virus (hev) infections by contaminated blood products remains unknown. in the present study, we evaluated and compared different nucleic acid amplification technique (nat) methods for the detection of hev in blood components. minipools of a total of 16,125 individual blood donors were screened for the presence of hev rna using the highly sensitive realstar hev rt-pcr kit, revealing a minimum detection limit of 4.66 iu/ml. thirteen donors were hev r ... | 2012 | 22675127 |
| guillain-barré syndrome associated with acute hepatitis e infection. | guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) is a neurological emergency that warrants prompt diagnosis and treatment. occasionally, the clinical, laboratory and electrophysiological features are neither typical nor diagnostic. it requires a high index of suspicion and clinical judgement for early diagnosis and commencement of treatment in those scenarios. some pathogens are potential triggers of this serious neurological disease, including: campylobacter jejuni, mycoplasma pneumoniae and cytomegalovirus. alth ... | 2012 | 22285113 |
| multiplex real-time rt-pcr for detecting chikungunya virus and dengue virus. | to develop diagnostic test for detection chikungunya virus (chikv and dengue virus (denv) infection. | 2012 | 22546647 |
| [the new microbiological hazards in food]. | this paper describes the new microbiological hazards in food. for protecting human health, nowadays food safety authorities face with many challenges, that years ago were largely unheard. in 2011 verocytotoxigenic escherichia coli o104:h4 has been isolated in germany. strain came from fenugreek sprouts originated from egypt. it was characterized by unique features such as presence of enteroaggregative escherichia coli genes (aata, aggr, aap, agga, aggc) and resistance to most antibiotics. in pol ... | 2012 | 23631259 |
| hepatitis b and e viral infections among nigerian healthcare workers. | there is dearth of information on hepatitis e virus (hev) infection and its co-infection with hbv among nigerian healthcare workers (hcws). hence, there is the need to determine the rate of hev infection and its association with hbv among hcws who are at greater risk of nosocomial infections. | 2012 | 23672103 |
| identification of hev in symptom-free migrants and environmental samples in italy. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is considered an emerging pathogen in industrialized countries. the occurrence of hev genotypes in samples of faeces from asymptomatic migrants arriving on the coasts of south italy and environmental samples was investigated. analyses of sequences were used to compare human and environmental genotypes. a total of 40 stool specimens, 12 samples of untreated urban sewage, 12 samples of treated urban sewage and 12 samples of surface water were analysed. viruses were concentr ... | 2012 | 23647961 |
| [establishment and application of taqman real-time rt-pcr for the detection of hepatitis e virus]. | to establish a specific taqman-based real-time pcr assay for the detection of hepatitis e virus (hev). | 2012 | 23627038 |
| lack of evidence of hepatitis e virus infection among renal transplant recipients in a disease-endemic area. | persistent hepatitis e virus (hev) infection has been reported among solid-organ transplant recipients in nonendemic areas. such chronic infections have all been related to genotype 3 hev, which is prevalent in these areas. whether persistent infection occurs with genotype 1 hev, prevalent in areas where the infection is hyperendemic, is unclear. we therefore tested sera from renal transplant recipients receiving immunosuppressive agents in india, where genotype 1 hev infection is endemic, for a ... | 2012 | 23490383 |
| harmonised investigation of the occurrence of human enteric viruses in the leafy green vegetable supply chain in three european countries. | numerous outbreaks have been attributed to the consumption of raw or minimally processed leafy green vegetables contaminated with enteric viral pathogens. the aim of the present study was an integrated virological monitoring of the salad vegetables supply chain in europe, from production, processing and point-of-sale. samples were collected and analysed in greece, serbia and poland, from 'general' and 'ad hoc' sampling points, which were perceived as critical points for virus contamination. gene ... | 2012 | 23412890 |
| potential risk of norovirus infection due to the consumption of "ready to eat" food. | in this study, we investigated the presence of enteric viruses such as norovirus (nov), hepatitis a virus (hav), hepatitis e virus (hev), and adenovirus (hadv), in vegetables available on the italian markets. for this aim, 110 national and international "ready to eat" samples were collected and analyzed by biomolecular tests and positive samples were confirmed by sequencing. all samples (100 %) were negative for hav, hev, and hadv, while 13.6 % (15/110) were positive for nov. actually there is n ... | 2012 | 23412835 |
| occurrence of human enteric viruses in commercial mussels at retail level in three european countries. | in this study, the prevalence of different enteric viruses in commercial mussels was evaluated at the retail level in three european countries (finland, greece and spain). a total of 153 mussel samples from different origins were analysed for human norovirus (nov) genogroups i and ii, hepatitis a virus (hav) and hepatitis e virus (hev). human adenovirus (hadv) was also tested as an indicator of human faecal contamination. a full set of controls (such as sample process control, internal amplifica ... | 2012 | 23412813 |
| clinical features and risk factors of acute hepatitis e with severe jaundice. | to compares the clinical features of patients infected with hepatitis e virus (hev) with or without severe jaundice. in addition, the risk factors for hev infection with severe jaundice were investigated. | 2012 | 23326133 |
| susceptibility of laboratory rats against genotypes 1, 3, 4, and rat hepatitis e viruses. | to determine whether or not rats are susceptible to hepatitis e virus (hev) infection, each of group containing three laboratory rats (wistar) were experimentally inoculated with genotypes 1, 3, 4 and rat hev by intravenous injection. serum and stool samples were collected and used to detect hev rna and anti-hev antibodies by rt-pcr and elisa, respectively. the virus infection was monitored up to 3 months after inoculation. none of the serum or stool samples collected from the rats inoculated wi ... | 2012 | 23317806 |
| [experience of application of multiplex qpcr for differential diagnostics of intestinal viral infections]. | evaluate the effectiveness of multiplex reverse transcription (rt) and polymerase chain reaction with fluorescence detection in real time mode (qpcr) methods for differential detection of 11 groups of intestine viruses (adenoviruses, enteroviruses, polioviruses, hepatitis a and e viruses, group a and c rotaviruses, orthoreoviruses, noroviruses, sapoviruses and astroviruses) in various biological samples. | 2012 | 23297630 |
| [typing and identification of non-polio enterovirus from acute flaccid paralysis cases in ningxia, 1997-2011]. | to identify the serotype of 73 non-polio enterovirus (npev) strains from acute flaccid paralysis (afp) cases in ningxia province, during 1997 - 2011. | 2012 | 23290905 |
| does high viral load of hepatitis e virus influence the severity and prognosis of acute liver failure during pregnancy? | the incidence and mortality in pregnant women with acute liver failure caused by hepatitis e virus (hev) is high. data on the viral load of hev during pregnancy are limited. the study was designed to determine the viral load of hev and its association with the disease severity in patients with acute liver failure. a total of hev related 163 patients with acute liver failure which included 105 pregnant, 46 non-pregnant women and girls and 12 men and 730 patients with acute viral hepatitis which c ... | 2012 | 23280991 |
| a cross-sectional study of hepatitis e virus infection in healthy people directly exposed and unexposed to pigs in a rural community in northern thailand. | a cross-sectional study of the association between occupational pig exposure and hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in adult pig farmers and the general population who were not directly exposed to pigs was conducted in nan province, thailand, from november 2010 to april 2011. all participants were interviewed to provide information on their job history, eating habits and other potential confounders. the prevalence of anti-hev immunoglobulin g antibodies (igg) among 513 subjects was 23.0%. hand wa ... | 2012 | 23280251 |
| serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha level in hepatitis e virus-related acute viral hepatitis and fulminant hepatic failure in pregnant women. | aim: the host response in hepatitis e virus (hev)-related liver disease of pregnant women is unclear. this study was carried out to evaluate the serum concentration of tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-α in hev-related acute viral hepatitis (avh) and fulminant hepatic failure (fhf) in pregnant women in relation to pregnancy outcome. methods: the study included 262 pregnant and 158 non-pregnant women with jaundice. there were 160 healthy asymptomatic pregnant women and 124 healthy asymptomatic non-preg ... | 2012 | 23279190 |
| rabbit as a novel animal model for hepatitis e virus infection and vaccine evaluation. | the identification of hepatitis e virus (hev) from rabbits motivated us to assess the possibility of using rabbits as a non-human primate animal model for hev infection and vaccine evaluation. | 2012 | 23272124 |
| hepatitis e virus infection: multiple faces of an underestimated problem. | 2012 | 23266489 | |
| hepatitis e virus and hepatitis a virus exposures in an apparently healthy high-risk population in italy. | the prevalence of anti-hepatitis e virus (hev) and anti-hepatitis a virus (hav), as well as the possible links with socio-demographic and other viral risks factors, were evaluated in an inmates population. | 2012 | 23264095 |
| emerging and re-emerging swine viruses. | in the past two decades or so, a number of viruses have emerged in the global swine population. some, such as porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2), cause economically important diseases in pigs, whereas others such as porcine torque teno virus (ttv), now known as torque teno sus virus (ttsuv), porcine bocavirus (pbov) and related novel parvoviruses, porcine kobuvirus, porcine toroviruses (ptov) and porcine lymphotropic herpesviruses (pl ... | 2012 | 22225855 |
| hepatitis e virus-specific t-cell response after transplantation. | 2012 | 22234861 | |
| second generation of pseudotype-based serum neutralization assay for nipah virus antibodies: sensitive and high-throughput analysis utilizing secreted alkaline phosphatase. | nipah virus (niv), paramyxoviridae, henipavirus, is classified as a biosafety level (bsl) 4 pathogen, along with the closely related hendra virus (hev). a novel serum neutralization test was developed for measuring niv neutralizing antibodies under bsl2 conditions using a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) expressing secreted alkaline phosphatase (seap) and pseudotyped with niv f/g proteins (vsv-niv-seap). a unique characteristic of this novel assay is the ability to obtain neutralizat ... | 2012 | 22115786 |
| novel hepatitis e virus in ferrets, the netherlands. | 2012 | 22840220 | |
| hepatitis e virus strains in rabbits and evidence of a closely related strain in humans, france. | hepatitis e virus (hev) strains from rabbits indicate that these mammals may be a reservoir for hevs that cause infection in humans. to determine hev prevalence in rabbits and the strains' genetic characteristics, we tested bile, liver, and additional samples from farmed and wild rabbits in france. we detected hev rna in 7% (14/200) of bile samples from farmed rabbits (in 2009) and in 23% (47/205) of liver samples from wild rabbits (in 2007-2010). full-length genomic sequences indicated that all ... | 2012 | 22840216 |
| putative novel genotype of avian hepatitis e virus, hungary, 2010. | to explore the genetic diversity of avian hepatitis e virus strains, we characterized the near-complete genome of a strain detected in 2010 in hungary, uncovering moderate genome sequence similarity with reference strains. public health implications related to consumption of eggs or meat contaminated by avian hepatitis e virus, or to poultry handling, require thorough investigation. | 2012 | 22840214 |
| hepatitis e virus genotype 3 in wild rats, united states. | the role of rodents in the epidemiology of zoonotic hepatitis e virus (hev) infection has been a subject of considerable debate. seroprevalence studies suggest widespread hev infection in commensal rattus spp. rats, but experimental transmission has been largely unsuccessful and recovery of zoonotic genotype 3 hev rna from wild rattus spp. rats has never been confirmed. we surveyed r. rattus and r. norvegicus rats from across the united states and several international populations by using a hem ... | 2012 | 22840202 |
| autochthonous infections with hepatitis e virus genotype 4, france. | during january-march 2011, diagnoses of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection increased in marseille university hospitals in southeastern france. hev genotype 4, which is described almost exclusively in asia, was recovered from 2 persons who ate uncooked pork liver sausage. genetic sequences were 96.7% identical to those recently described in swine in europe. | 2012 | 22840196 |
| hepatitis e virus in pork food chain, united kingdom, 2009-2010. | we investigated contamination by hepatitis e virus (hev) in the pork production chain in the united kingdom. we detected hev in pig liver samples in a slaughterhouse, in surface samples from a processing plant, and in pork sausages and surface samples at point of sale. our findings provide evidence for possible foodborne transmission of hev during pork production. | 2012 | 22840183 |
| evolution of the hepatitis e virus hypervariable region. | the presence of a hypervariable (hvr) region within the genome of hepatitis e virus (hev) remains unexplained. previous studies have described the hvr as a proline-rich spacer between flanking functional domains of the orf1 polyprotein. others have proposed that the region has no function, that it reflects a hypermutable region of the virus genome, that it is derived from the insertion and evolution of host sequences or that it is subject to positive selection. this study attempts to differentia ... | 2012 | 22837418 |
| rescue of a genotype 4 human hepatitis e virus from cloned cdna and characterization of intergenotypic chimeric viruses in cultured human liver cells and in pigs. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is an important but extremely understudied human pathogen. genotypes 1 and 2 are restricted to humans, whereas genotypes 3 and 4 are zoonotic, infecting both humans and pigs. this report describes, for the first time, the successful rescue of infectious hev in vitro and in vivo from cloned cdna of a genotype 4 human hev (strain tw6196e). the complete genomic sequence of the tw6196e virus was determined and a full-length cdna clone (phev-4tw) was assembled. capped rna tran ... | 2012 | 22837416 |
| circulation of almost genetically identical hepatitis e virus of genotype 4 in france. | 2012 | 22835777 | |
| seroepidemiology of hepatitis a and e virus infections in tehran, iran: a population based study. | hepatitis a virus (hav) and hepatitis e virus (hev) are enteric hepatotropic viruses and their prevalence is related to the sanitary conditions of the region under investigation. there are only a few studies on the seroepidemiology of these two viruses in the general iranian population. the purpose of this investigation was to measure the prevalence of hepatitis a and e infections in the general population. between 2006 and 2007, a cross sectional study was performed in tehran, iran. blood speci ... | 2012 | 22835757 |
| recombination and natural selection in hepatitis e virus genotypes. | to gain new insights into the evolutionary processes that created the genetic diversity of the hepatitis e virus (hev), the recombination detection program (rdp) and simplot program were employed to detect recombination events in the genome, then the fixed-effects likelihood (fel) method was used to detect natural selection effects on viral proteins. recombination analysis provided strong evidence for both intergenotype and intragenotype recombination events in the sequences analyzed. recombinat ... | 2012 | 22825818 |
| chronic hepatitis e in heart transplant recipients. | chronic courses of hepatitis e virus (hev) infections have been described in immunosuppressed patients. we aimed to study the role of hev infections in heart transplant recipients (htr). 274 htr were prospectively screened for hev infection using an anti-hev-igg elisa and hev-pcr. in addition, 137 patients undergoing cardiac surgery (non-htr) and 537 healthy subjects were studied cross-sectionally. the anti-hev-igg seroprevalence was 11% in htr, 7% in non-htr and 2% in healthy controls (htr vs. ... | 2012 | 22823202 |
| [analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis e and genotypes of hepatitis e virus among drug users]. | 2012 | 22991713 | |
| unexplained hepatic deterioration--keep in mind hepatitis e virus infection! | 2012 | 22985789 | |
| ribavirin therapy for hepatitis e virus-induced acute on chronic liver failure: a preliminary report. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a common cause of acute on chronic liver failure (aclf) in hev hyperendemic regions with high mortality. treatment for hev-induced aclf is currently not available. recently, efficacy of ribavirin in genotype 3 chronic hepatitis e patients has been reported; however, whether ribavirin is effective in genotype 1 hev infection is not yet known. the present study includes four patients with hev-induced aclf treated with ribavirin in a genotype 1 hev hyperendemic region. di ... | 2012 | 22910532 |
| hepatitis in the elderly: still a scourge. | liver disease presents with classic symptoms: fatigue, anorexia that progresses to nausea and vomiting, muscle and joint pain, and jaundice. its most common cause is viral infection (hepatitis) with one of the hepatotropic hepatitis viruses. although all types of hepatitis cause liver disease, their modes of transmission differ, and treatment may or may not be an option. in all types of hepatitis, people older than 65 years of age tend to develop more severe disease than those who are younger. h ... | 2012 | 22910128 |
| evolution of the hepatitis e virus polyproline region: order from disorder. | the hepatitis e virus (hev) polyproline region (ppr) is an intrinsically unstructured region (idr). this relaxed structure allows idrs, which are implicated in the regulation of transcription and translation, to bind multiple ligands. originally the nucleotide variability seen in the hev ppr was assumed to be due to high rates of insertion and deletion. this study shows that the mutation rate is about the same in the ppr as in the rest of the nonstructural polyprotein. the difference between the ... | 2012 | 22811526 |
| complete genome sequence of the genotype 4 hepatitis e virus strain prevalent in swine in jiangsu province, china, reveals a close relationship with that from the human population in this area. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a zoonotic pathogen of which several species of animal were reported as reservoirs. swine stands out as the major reservoir for hev infection in humans, as suggested by the close genetic relationship of swine and human viruses. in a previous study, we sequenced the complete genome of a human genotype 4 hev strain (hm439284) that is prevalent in jiangsu province, china. here we report the complete genome of one genotype 4 hev strain which is prevalent in swine herds in ... | 2012 | 22787267 |
| molecular detection and characterization of hepatitis e virus in naturally infected pigs from brazilian herds. | the aim of this study was to investigate the presence of swine hepatitis e virus (hev) from pigs of different production categories and from different pig farms in south brazil. a total of 170 porcine faecal samples from breeder sows, boars, suckling piglets, weaned and growing pigs were collected from 14 pig farms. the faecal samples were screened by nested rt-pcr using primers targeting the orf2 region of hev genome. the samples that were positive from this screening were used in a nested rt-p ... | 2012 | 22769738 |
| hepatitis e virus quasispecies and the outcome of acute hepatitis e in solid-organ transplant patients. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infections are responsible for chronic hepatitis in immunocompromised patients, and this can evolve to cirrhosis. like all rna viruses, hev exists as a mixture of heterogeneous viruses defining quasispecies. the relationship between the genetic heterogeneity described as a quasispecies, cytokine secretion, and the outcome of acute hepatitis in immunocompromised patients remains to be elucidated. we cloned and sequenced the region encoding the m and p capsid domains of hev ... | 2012 | 22761386 |
| immature and mature human astrovirus: structure, conformational changes, and similarities to hepatitis e virus. | human astroviruses (hastvs) are a major cause of gastroenteritis. hastv assembles from the structural protein vp90 and undergoes a cascade of proteolytic cleavages. cleavage to vp70 is required for release of immature particles from cells, and subsequent cleavage by trypsin confers infectivity. we used electron cryomicroscopy and icosahedral image analysis to determine the first experimentally derived, three-dimensional structures of an immature vp70 virion and a fully proteolyzed, infectious vi ... | 2012 | 22743104 |
| prevalence of hepatitis e virus infection in pediatric solid organ transplant recipients--a single-center experience. | hev infection appears to be an emerging disease in industrialized countries. the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of hev infection in pediatric solid organ transplant recipients. one hundred and twenty-four pediatric recipients of liver (n = 41) or kidney (n = 83) transplants aged between one and 18 yr were screened for anti-hev igg antibodies. patients were tested for fecal hev rna excretion if they showed anti-hev seropositivity. as a control group, 108 immunocompetent pediatri ... | 2012 | 22738211 |
| [autochthonous hepatitis e: an emerging and still unrecognized disease]. | in developed countries, hev infection was still recently considered as rare, and as an imported disease from endemic areas by travellers. hepatitis e virus is now mainly recognized as an autochthonous disease in these countries. although the sources and the routes of contamination remain uncertain, several cases of foodborne (zoonotic transmission) and blood borne transmission have been recently reported. hev infection may evolve towards a chronic hepatitis in immunocompromised patients (mostly ... | 2012 | 23236856 |
| [clinical analysis of 134 cases of hev-related liver failure]. | to study the clinical features of hepatitis e virus-related liver failure. | 2012 | 23189851 |
| [analysis of genotype iv distribution of hepatitis e virus infections in wuhan by sequencing the open reading frame 3 gene]. | to determine the distribution of genotype iv among hepatitis e virus (hev) infections in wuhan by sequencing the open reading frame (orf) 3 gene of hev clinical isolates. | 2012 | 23207338 |
| hepatitis e virus genotype 3 in shellfish, united kingdom. | 2012 | 23171845 | |
| hepatitis e virus outbreak in monkey facility, japan. | an outbreak of hepatitis e virus occurred in an outdoor monkey breeding facility in japan during 2004-2006. phylogenetic analysis indicated that this virus was genotype 3. this virus was experimentally transmitted to a cynomolgus monkey. precautions should be taken by facility personnel who work with monkeys to prevent infection. | 2012 | 23171579 |
| phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis e virus in northwest india. | genotyping and subtyping are important to understand epidemiology of the hepatitis e virus so as to improve control measures to prevent transmission of virus in the community. hence, the aim of the current study was to identify the prevalent hev genotypes in rajasthan in acute sporadic hepatitis e cases with varying degree of liver failure. we studied hepatitis e virus (hev) isolates from hospitalized patients in rajasthan, western india. in a total of seventeen hev sequences, six acute viral he ... | 2012 | 23150814 |
| hepatitis e virus in liver and bile samples from slaughtered pigs of brazil. | the objective of this study was to detect and identify hepatitis e virus (hev) strains in liver and bile samples from slaughtered pigs in the state of paraná, brazil. liver and bile samples were collected from 118 asymptomatic adult pigs at a slaughterhouse in a major brazilian pork production area. the samples were assayed using a nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction protocol with primer sets targeting open reading frames (orf)1 and 2 of the hev genome. hev rna was detected in ... | 2012 | 23147152 |
| determination of the full-genome sequence of hepatitis e virus (hev) saas-fx17 and use as a reference to identify putative hev genotype 4 virulence determinants. | four major genotypes of hepatitis e virus (hev), the causative agent of hepatitis e, have so far been recognized. while genotypes 3 and 4 are both zoonotic, the disease symptoms caused by the latter tend to be more severe. to examine if specific nucleotide/amino acid variations between genotypes 3 and 4 play a role in determining the severity of hepatitis e disease, the complete genome of one swine hev genotype 4 isolate, saas-fx17, was determined and compared with other genotype 4 and genotype ... | 2012 | 23134633 |
| complete genome sequence of hepatitis e virus from rabbits in the united states. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a single-strand positive-sense rna virus in the family hepeviridae. the disease caused by hev, hepatitis e, is an important public health problem in developing countries of asia and africa and is also endemic in many industrialized countries, including the united states. hev has been identified from several other animal species in addition to humans, including the pig, chicken, mongoose, deer, rabbit, ferret, bat, and fish. here we report the complete genome sequence o ... | 2012 | 23118454 |
| acute risk for hepatitis e virus infection among hiv-1-positive pregnant women in central africa. | hepatitis e virus (hev), an enterically transmitted pathogen, is highly endemic in several african countries. pregnant women are at particularly high risk for acute or severe hepatitis e. in gabon, a central african country, the prevalence of antibodies to hev among pregnant women is 14.1%. recent studies have demonstrated unusual patterns of hepatitis e (chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis) among immunodeficient patients. | 2012 | 23114258 |
| seroprevalence of fecal-oral transmitted hepatitis a and e virus antibodies in burkina faso. | hepatitis a virus (hav) and hepatitis e virus (hev) infections occur chiefly as a result of unhygienic conditions. the purpose of this study was to assess the seroprevalence of antibodies to both viruses in central burkina faso in the absence of a recorded hepatitis epidemic. serum samples from 178 blood donors (131 males and 47 females) and from 189 pregnant women were collected from november 2010 to march 2012, at blood banks and medical centers in burkina faso. an immunochromatography test wa ... | 2012 | 23110187 |
| icteric acute hepatitis e with no response of immunoglobulin m class anti-hepatitis e virus antibody. | a 68-year-old japanese man developed icteric acute hepatitis during periodic care after undergoing gastrectomy due to early gastric cancer. the routine serological markers for hepatitis a, b and c viruses were all negative. although the liver enzymes spontaneously recovered without any specific therapy, cholestasis was relatively prolonged and successfully treated with prednisolone. determination of serum hepatitis e virus (hev) rna revealed the transient infection of hev, and both immunoglobuli ... | 2012 | 23094855 |
| hepatitis e seroprevalence in east and west flanders, belgium. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is increasingly recognized as a cause of hepatitis in developed countries. the goal of this study is to provide an estimate of the seroprevalence of hev in belgium, more precisely in east and west flanders, since data for this country are currently lacking. | 2012 | 23082702 |
| detection and phylogenetic characterization of hepatitis e virus genotype 3 in a captive wild boar in thailand. | hepatitis e virus (hev) was studied in different types of wild boar captive settings in thailand, including a wildlife breeding research station, zoo, and commercial wild boar farm, which were located in different locations of thailand. fifty-one fecal samples were collected and screened for hev rna and then analyzed. one sample obtained from a wildlife breeding research station in ratchaburi province was hev positive. phylogenetic characterization revealed that the virus was hev genotype 3 and ... | 2012 | 23082533 |
| estimating the burden of maternal and neonatal deaths associated with jaundice in bangladesh: possible role of hepatitis e infection. | we estimated the population-based incidence of maternal and neonatal mortality associated with hepatitis e virus (hev) in bangladesh. | 2012 | 23078501 |
| molecular analysis of hepatitis e virus from farm rabbits in inner mongolia, china and its successful propagation in a549 and plc/prf/5 cells. | rabbit hepatitis e virus (hev) strains have recently been isolated in several areas of china and in the us and france. however, the host range, distribution and zoonotic potential of these hev strains remain unknown and their propagation in cultured cells has not yet been reported. a total of 211 4-month-old rabbits raised on a farm in inner mongolia were tested for the presence of anti-hev antibodies and hev rna. overall, 121 rabbits (57.3%) tested positive for anti-hev antibodies, and 151 (71. ... | 2012 | 23041252 |
| chronic hepatitis e virus infection in a patient with leukemia and elevated transaminases: a case report. | acute hepatitis e virus infection may cause mild, self-limiting hepatitis, either as epidemic outbreaks or sporadic cases, the latter of which have been reported in industrialized countries. chronic infections are uncommon and have been reported in immunosuppressed patients, patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection, and patients with hematological malignancies. | 2012 | 23031738 |
| [severe decompensation of hepatitis e in a patient with autoimmune hepatitis: a case report]. | we report the case of a patient who initially made the diagnosis of acute hepatitis e virus with a clinical picture of jaundice with elevated liver enzymes and hev igm (+), but chronic evolution (more than 6 months) without being an immunosuppressed patient, forced us to exclude different causes that may produce chronic liver disease. and hypergammaglobulinemia was detected in liver biopsy: interface hepatitis, mixed inflammatory infiltrate with predominance of lymphocytes, and presence of porta ... | 2012 | 23023183 |
| hepatitis e virus seroprevalence among adults, germany. | we assessed hepatitis e virus (hev) antibody seroprevalence in a sample of the adult population in germany. overall hev igg prevalence was 16.8% (95% ci 15.6%-17.9%) and increased with age, leveling off at >60 years of age. hev is endemic in germany, and the lifetime risk for exposure is high. | 2012 | 23018055 |
| avian hepatitis e virus identified in russian chicken flocks exhibits high genetic divergence based on the orf2 capsid gene. | a total of 79 liver samples from clinically sick and asymptomatic chickens were tested for avian hepatitis e virus (ahev). samples were received from 19 farms, five of which tested positive with primers targeting the orf2 capsid gene. the phylogenetic analysis of a 242-base-pair fragment demonstrated that the russian ahev isolates share between 78.2 and 96.2% over the fragment sequenced, whereas the nucleotide sequence identities between the russian isolates and the other representatives from ge ... | 2012 | 22967203 |
| genetic characterization and codon usage bias of full-length hepatitis e virus sequences shed new lights on genotypic distribution, host restriction and genome evolution. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is present in different species and ecological niches. it has been divided into 4 major mammalian genotypes. in this study, 3 new full-length genomes of swine hev were sequenced and the results did not reveal any particular host determinant in comparison with human isolates belonging to the same genotype. nucleotide composition and codon usage bias were determined to characterize hev host restriction and genome evolution. peculiar nucleotide bias was observed for a and c ... | 2012 | 22951575 |
| protective role of humoral immune responses during an outbreak of hepatitis e in egypt. | although the seroprevalence of hepatitis e virus (hev) is approximately 80% in adult egyptians living in rural areas, symptomatic hev-caused acute viral hepatitis (avh) is sporadic and relatively uncommon. to investigate the dichotomy between hev infection and clinical avh, hev-specific immune responses in patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic hev infection during a waterborne outbreak in egypt were examined. of 235 acute hepatitis patients in assiut hospitals screened for hev infection, 42 ... | 2012 | 22938992 |
| fatal hepatitis e viral infection in pregnant women in ghana: a case series. | viral infections during pregnancy can pose serious threats to mother and fetus from the time of conception to the time of delivery. these lead to congenital defects, spontaneous abortion and even death. the definitive diagnosis and management of pregnancy-related viral infections may be challenging especially in less resourced countries. | 2012 | 22937872 |
| hepatitis e, a vaccine-preventable cause of maternal deaths. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a major cause of illness and of death in the developing world and disproportionate cause of deaths among pregnant women. although hev vaccine trials, including trials conducted in populations in southern asia, have shown candidate vaccines to be effective and well-tolerated, these vaccines have not yet been produced or made available to susceptible populations. surveillance data collected during 2001-2007 from >110,000 pregnancies in a population of ≈650,000 women in r ... | 2012 | 22931753 |
| first detection of hepatitis e virus in austrian pigs by rt-qpcr. | long known to cause disease outbreaks in man in countries with poor sanitary conditions, an increasing number of autochthonous hev genotype 3 infections have been reported in industrialised countries. genotype 3 poses an important potential zoonotic threat, with infected pigs functioning as the main reservoir. this study reports the first detected emergence of hev in austrian pigs. five austrian strains were partially sequenced and phylogenetic analysis demonstrates that they cluster within geno ... | 2012 | 22919921 |
| [antibody detection of hepatitis e virus in human population of different national in china]. | to investigate the seroprevalence of hev infection in different national human population in han, hui and zang in china. | 2012 | 22919753 |
| [the coastal areas of yantai human and swine hepatitis e virus genotyping analysis]. | survey of the coastal city of yantai, from human and swine hepatitis e virus (hev) genotype correlation. | 2012 | 22919748 |
| assessment of the cross-protective capability of recombinant capsid proteins derived from pig, rat, and avian hepatitis e viruses (hev) against challenge with a genotype 3 hev in pigs. | hepatitis e virus (hev), the causative agent of hepatitis e, is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route through contaminated water supplies, although many sporadic cases of hepatitis e are transmitted zoonotically via direct contact with infected animals or consumption of contaminated animal meats. genotypes 3 and 4 hev are zoonotic and infect humans and other animal species, whereas genotypes 1 and 2 hev are restricted to humans. there exists a single serotype of hev, although the cross- ... | 2012 | 22906724 |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis e virus varies considerably among chinese provinces. | hepatitis e is a common infection in china, but few studies have been carried out to compare regional and ethnic factors in its prevalence. | 2012 | 22879828 |
| minor groove binder modification of widely used taqman probe for hepatitis e virus reduces risk of false negative real-time pcr results. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a major cause of acute viral hepatitis in many parts of the developing world. it is responsible for both sporadic infections and large scale epidemics and may be associated with significant mortality during pregnancy. over the past two decades many serological and nucleic acid based diagnostic tests for hev have been developed, including several reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction assays (rt-qpcr). one of the most widely used of these rt-qpcrs is ... | 2012 | 22871672 |
| chronic hepatitis e after solid organ transplantation. | large outbreaks of acute hepatitis e, caused by hepatitis e virus (hev) genotypes 1 and 2, are known from developing countries with suboptimal sanitation infrastructure. an increasing incidence of hev infections is being reported in industrialised countries, caused mainly by hev genotypes 3 and 4, which are often found among pigs. recent evidence suggests that in immunocompromised patients about 50% of the cases of acute hepatitis e evolve to chronic hepatitis with rapid progression to cirrhosis ... | 2012 | 22859417 |
| seroprevalence of anti-hepatitis e virus and anti-salmonella antibodies in pigs at slaughter in switzerland. | hepatitis e virus (hev) and salmonella bacteria are zoonotic pathogens that can be acquired by foodborne transmission because food animals, for example pigs, are recognized as a reservoir. the objectives of this study were to determine the seroprevalence of anti-hev immunoglobulin g (igg) and anti-salmonella antibodies from healthy pigs at slaughter in switzerland, a country with a good health status of pig herds (e.g., eradication of enzootic pneumonia) compared with those of many countries in ... | 2012 | 22856574 |
| simple and rapid detection of swine hepatitis e virus by reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is an enteric pathogen of humans and animals, and pigs have been considered an important reservoir of this virus. recent evidence has indicated the cross-species transmission of hepatitis e virus (hev) from pigs to humans, causing zoonosis, mostly via consumption of uncooked or undercooked animal meat/viscera. in this study, we have developed a one-step rt-lamp assay for rapid detection of swine hev. specific primer sets targeting the orf3 gene were designed. the sensitiv ... | 2012 | 22855125 |
| detection and phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis e viruses from mongooses in okinawa, japan. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection has previously been reported in wild mongooses on okinawa island; to date however, only one hev rna sequence has been identified in a mongoose. hence, this study was performed to detect hev rna in 209 wild mongooses on okinawa island. six (2.9%) samples tested positive for hev rna. phylogenetic analysis revealed that 6 hev rnas belonged to genotype 3 and were classified into groups a and b. in group b, mongoose-derived hev sequences were very similar to mongoose ... | 2012 | 22850461 |
| detection and molecular characterization of hepatitis e virus in clinical, environmental and putative animal sources. | putative animal reservoirs and environmental samples were studied to investigate potential routes of transmission for indigenous hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in hokkaido, japan. a total of 468 liver samples and 954 environmental samples were collected from 2003 to 2011 for this study. four swine livers (1 %) were positive for hev rna; two strains belonged to genotype 3 and the other two strains were genotype 4. genotype 3 hev was detected in a sewage sample and a seawater sample. hev strain ... | 2012 | 22847755 |
| presence of hepatitis e rna in mussels used as bio-monitors of viral marine pollution. | mussels (mytilus galloprovincialis), collected from a harvesting area approved by european community regulation, were transplanted to four polluted sites located in the northwestern mediterranean area (tuscany). they were used as bio-monitors to test the quality of the marine water pollution. at different times after the transplantation, mussels were withdrawn and tested for presence of phages and enteric viruses by molecular tests. 52.4% of the transplanted mussel samples were positive for at l ... | 2012 | 22728271 |
| seroprevalence of anti-hepatitis e virus (hev) in a korean population: comparison of two commercial anti-hev assays. | hepatitis e virus (hev) has emerged as an important cause of epidemic and sporadic acute viral hepatitis worldwide. this study investigated the seroprevalence of anti-hev in a korean population and compared the performance of two commercially available anti-hev assays. | 2012 | 22726615 |
| high hepatitis e virus seroprevalence in forestry workers and in wild boars in france. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a fecally and orally transmitted human pathogen of worldwide distribution. in industrial countries, hev is observed in an increasing number of autochthonous cases and is considered to be an emerging pathogen. a growing body of evidence suggests that hev is a zoonotic disease, and pig handlers and pig veterinarians have been reported to be high-risk groups for hev infection. the aims of the present study were to establish the prevalence of anti-hev in wild boars in fran ... | 2012 | 22718947 |
| [detection and description of avian hepatitis e virus isolated in china--a review]. | avian hepatitis e virus (hev), a member of hepeviridae family, is genetically and antigenically related with human and swine hev in the family. since its discovery, avian hev infection has been investigated in many countries from serology and molecular epidemiology studies. at present, five complete or near complete genomes of avian hev isolates were reported in genbank and were divided into three genotypes. the complete genome of avian hev contains 3 orfs of which orf2 gene encodes capsid prote ... | 2012 | 22712397 |
| molecular epidemiology and genetic history of european-type genotype 3 hepatitis e virus indigenized in the central region of japan. | in mie prefecture in japan, 12 cases of sporadic hepatitis e occurred from 2004 to 2011. mie prefecture is located in the central region of japan, far from the most prevalent regions of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in japan, the north and northeastern part. these 12 cases did not have any common risk factors of hev infection. we analyzed the molecular epidemiology of the cases in mie prefecture. we obtained the nucleotide sequences of the hev strains and analyzed them with the sequences of ... | 2012 | 22706162 |
| diagnosis of hev infection by serological and real-time pcr assays: a study on acute non-a-c hepatitis collected from 2004 to 2010 in italy. | the impact of hepatitis e in developed countries, like italy, still requires a clear definition. in the present study, we evaluated hev infection in patients with acute non-a-c hepatitis by an approach comparing data from real-time pcr and serological assays. | 2012 | 22704073 |