Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| identification of a conserved neutralization site in the first heptad repeat of the fusion protein of respiratory syncytial virus. | a large set of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed against the fusion glycoprotein complex f1f2 of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) and several polyclonal sera from infected or vaccinated animals were tested in pepscan to locate linear epitopes on the f-protein. the polyclonal sera mapped to antigenic sites that correspond exactly to known antigenic sites on the f protein of human rsv. only the neutralizing mab 3 could be mapped with pepscan. mab 3 reacted with three successive overla ... | 1998 | 9541615 |
| hospitalization for lower respiratory disease during 20 yrs among under 5 yr old children in stockholm county: a population based survey. | lower respiratory disease (lrd) is a common cause of hospitalization in infants, and episodes of obstructive lrd increase the risk for asthma later in life. the purpose of this study was to assess time trends and geographical variation of first time hospitalization for lrd among children in stockholm county, sweden. data on first time admittance for lrd among children aged up to 5 yrs from 1973 through 1992 were obtained from the stockholm county council hospital discharge register, and populati ... | 1998 | 9551740 |
| a peptide mimic of a protective epitope of respiratory syncytial virus selected from a combinatorial library induces virus-neutralizing antibodies and reduces viral load in vivo. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants and young children worldwide. as yet, there is no effective vaccine against rsv infection, and previous attempts to develop a formalin-inactivated vaccine resulted in exacerbated disease in recipients subsequently exposed to the virus. in the work described here, a combinatorial solid-phase peptide library was screened with a protective monoclonal antibody (mab 19) to identify peptide mimics ( ... | 1998 | 9499058 |
| autocrine regulation and experimental modulation of interleukin-6 expression by human pulmonary epithelial cells infected with respiratory syncytial virus. | the mechanisms of regulation of interleukin-6 (il-6) production in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-infected respiratory epithelial cells were evaluated in a549 cell cultures. incubation with purified rsv resulted in significant production of il-1alpha, il-1beta, il-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha). addition of saturating concentrations of neutralizing antibodies against il-1alpha, il-1beta, or tnf-alpha into purified rsv-infected cell cultures resulted in a significant inhibition ... | 1998 | 9499112 |
| detection of respiratory syncytial virus a and b and parainfluenzavirus 3 sequences in respiratory tracts of infants by a single pcr with primers targeted to the l-polymerase gene and differential hybridization. | a reverse transcription-pcr and hybridization-enzyme immunoassay (rt-pcr-eia) has been developed to identify the major agents of bronchiolitis in infants: respiratory syncytial viruses a and b (rsva and rsvb) and parainfluenzavirus 3 (piv3). two primer sets (p1-p2 and p1-p3) were selected in a conserved region of the polymerase l gene. in infected cell cultures, this method detected rsva (n = 14), rsvb (n = 13), and piv3 (n = 13), with the exclusion of piv1 (n = 4), piv2 (n = 3), measles virus ( ... | 1998 | 9508315 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in adult bmt recipients: effective therapy with short duration nebulised ribavirin. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), a common cause of both upper and lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) in infants and children, is rarely described as an infective agent in adults. it has been reported in bone marrow transplant (bmt) recipients and patients with malignancy immunosuppressed by chemotherapy. such reports are often associated with a high mortality. we report an outbreak of rsv infection which occurred predominantly in bmt recipients in which early investigation and institutio ... | 1998 | 9509980 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-associated infections in adult recipients of solid organ transplants. | although respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is known to cause severe pulmonary infections in bone marrow transplant recipients, less is known concerning its clinical course, diagnosis, and treatment in solid organ transplant recipients. | 1998 | 9513859 |
| cis elements and trans-acting factors required for minus strand dna transfer during reverse transcription of the genomic rna of murine leukemia virus. | during reverse transcription of the retroviral genomic rna, two obligatory dna strand transfers take place to synthesize the complete proviral dna with two ltrs. we have previously shown that using an in vitro system made up of two viral rnas mimicking the 5' and 3' regions of the retroviral genome, both nucleocapsid protein and the repeat (r) sequences were necessary for minus strong-stop cdna (ss-cdna) transfer and elongation by reverse transcriptase (rt). in this paper we show that the basic ... | 1998 | 9514748 |
| monoclonal antibody neutralization escape mutants of respiratory syncytial virus with unique alterations in the attachment (g) protein. | five monoclonal antibody (mab) neutralization escape mutants of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) were produced by growing the long strain rsv (group a virus) in the presence of a neutralizing, group cross-reactive mab specific for the attachment protein (g). four viruses (rsv-2, -6, -14 and -15) had amino acid replacements clustered within a highly conserved centrally located 13 amino acid region (position 164-176). reactivity with group a-specific mabs and with polyclonal anti-g serum was main ... | 1998 | 9519826 |
| structural basis for specificity of retroviral proteases. | the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) protease s9 variant has been engineered to exhibit high affinity for hiv-1 protease substrates and inhibitors in order to verify the residues deduced to be critical for the specificity differences. the variant has 9 substitutions (s38t, i42d, i44v, m73v, a100l, v104t, r105p, g106v, and s107n) of structurally equivalent residues from hiv-1 protease. unlike the wild-type enzyme, rsv s9 protease hydrolyzes peptides representing the hiv-1 protease polyprotein cleavage si ... | 1998 | 9521772 |
| acute otitis media in children with bronchiolitis. | we investigated the prevalence and the etiology of acute otitis media (aom) in children with bronchiolitis to determine whether aom in such children is due entirely or mainly to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), in which case routine antimicrobial treatment would not be appropriate. | 1998 | 9521943 |
| respiratory syncytial virus immunoglobulin and monoclonal antibodies in the prevention and treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is particularly severe in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (bpd) and in premature infants without bpd. attempts to develop a vaccine against rsv have been unsuccessful. passive immunoprophylaxis of premature infants with or without bpd using a hyperimmune human globulin against rsv (rsvig) decreases the severity of rsv infection such that the rate of hospitalization following infection is reduced by 40%. the severity of illness among hospitalize ... | 1998 | 9523402 |
| priming with secreted glycoprotein g of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) augments interleukin-5 production and tissue eosinophilia after rsv challenge. | the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) g glycoprotein promotes differentiation of type 2 cd4+ t lymphocytes and induces an eosinophilic response in lungs of rsv-infected mice. a unique feature of g is that a second initiation codon in the transmembrane region of the glycoprotein results in secretion of soluble protein from infected cells. recombinant vaccinia viruses that express wild-type g (vvwt g), only secreted g (vvm48), or only membrane-anchored g (vvm48i) were used to define the influence ... | 1998 | 9525607 |
| respiratory syncytial virus affects pulmonary function in balb/c mice. | balb/c mice inoculated intranasally with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) were studied in a whole-body plethysmograph to determine if signs of respiratory illness similar to those observed in human infants could be detected. also, responsiveness to methacholine was assessed. rsv-infected mice showed significantly higher respiratory rates than did controls (409.2 vs. 305.2 breaths/min, p < .0001). significantly increased airway responsiveness to methacholine was noted, infected mice responding t ... | 1998 | 9466511 |
| relationship of serum antibody to risk of respiratory syncytial virus infection in elderly adults. | the relationship of serum antibody to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and risk of rsv infection was prospectively evaluated in frail elderly persons. baseline blood samples from 22 subjects who developed symptomatic rsv infection during the 26-month study and from 22 control subjects who did not become infected with rsv were compared. the mean serum igg titer to rsv fusion protein was significantly lower in the rsv-infected group than in the controls (15.4 +/- 1.6 vs. 16.4 +/- 1.8, p = .05), a ... | 1998 | 9466538 |
| safety and immunogenicity of a purified f protein respiratory syncytial virus (pfp-2) vaccine in seropositive children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes serious respiratory illness in preterm children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. in a prospective randomized placebo-controlled trial, 21 children received one dose of pfp-2 (purified fusion [f] protein) vaccine or influenza vaccine (placebo). children were followed for adverse reactions and rsv illness over two respiratory seasons. sera were obtained for determination of igg titers to rsv f protein and neutralizing antibody titers before and 1, 6, and 12 ... | 1998 | 9466539 |
| c-terminal end of v-src protein interacts with peptide coded by gadd7/adapt15-like rna in two-hybrid system. | the significant differences in the metastatic properties of hamster fibroblasts transformed by the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) were associated with mutations in the v-src carboxy-terminal region. to identify the capacity of this region for protein-protein interaction the two-hybrid system was used. the cdna clone (vseap1), producing the protein specifically bound with the v-src c-terminal part in yeast cells in vivo and in gst-fusion system in vitro was isolated. vseap1 shared 68% of homology with ... | 1998 | 9475174 |
| sp1 binding sites inserted into the rous sarcoma virus long terminal repeat enhance ltr-driven gene expression. | although the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) long terminal repeat (ltr) is an efficient promoter of transcription, most rsv proviruses are down-regulated upon retroviral integration in non-permissive mammalian cells. among other mechanisms, dna methylation has been shown to be involved in proviral silencing. the presence of sp1 binding sites has been demonstrated to be essential for protection of a cpg island and also non-island dna regions from de novo methylation. also, the presence of these sites in ... | 1998 | 9479051 |
| receptor-triggered membrane association of a model retroviral glycoprotein. | current models of retroviral entry hypothesize that interactions between the viral envelope protein and the host receptor(s) induce conformational changes in the envelope protein that activate the envelope protein and initiate fusion. we employed a liposome-binding assay to demonstrate directly and characterize the activation of a model retroviral envelope protein (enva) from rous sarcoma virus (rsv). in the presence of purified viral receptor, the trimeric ectodomain of enva was converted from ... | 1998 | 9482929 |
| reduction of respiratory syncytial virus titer in the lungs of mice after intranasal immunization with a chimeric peptide consisting of a single ctl epitope linked to a fusion peptide. | in the work described here, the effect of intranasal immunization of balb/c mice with synthetic chimeric peptides consisting of a cytotoxic t-cell epitope (amino acids 81-95) from the m2 protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and a fusion peptide (amino acids 113-131) from the f1 protein of measles virus on response to challenge with rsv has been assessed. three intranasal immunizations with the chimeric peptides without adjuvant induce peptide- and rsv-specific cytotoxic t-cell responses ... | 1998 | 9454711 |
| a new polyoxometalate complex inhibits retrovirus encoded reverse transcriptase activity in vitro and in vivo. | we examined the recently synthesized and characterized polyoxometalate compound (nh4)10[co2sb2w20 o70(h2o)6] (pom1). the inhibitory potency of pom1 was studied in tissue culture experiments with uninfected and rous sarcoma virus (rsv)-infected chicken embryo fibroblasts (cef) in vivo. we measured a considerable decrease in total cellular phosphotyrosine content in treated infected cells in vivo. pom1 treatment of sr-rsv-a infected cef in vivo resulted in decreased pp60v-src activity, possibly du ... | 1998 | 9454899 |
| de novo methylation of selective cpg dinucleotide clusters in transformed cells mediated by an activated n-ras. | we have explored a possible role of an activated n-ras oncogene in aberrant methylation of cpg clusters in dnas of transformed cells. using three lines of hamster cells transformed by rous sarcoma virus (rsv) and the method of detection of cpg islands as clustered sites for methylation-sensitive restriction enzymes we have demonstrated that in each cell line the transcribed rsv proviruses are integrated in the vicinity of sequence containing the cluster of unmethylated cpg dinucleotides. two out ... | 1998 | 9454906 |
| characterization of the dna-binding domain of the avian y-box protein, chkyb-2, and mutational analysis of its single-strand binding motif in the rous sarcoma virus enhancer. | chkyb-2 is a sequence-specific, single-stranded dna binding chicken y-box protein that promotes rous sarcoma virus long terminal repeat (rsv ltr)-driven transcription in avian fibroblasts. the dna-binding domain of chkyb-2 has been mapped by characterizing the dna binding properties of purified recombinant chkyb-2 mutant polypeptides. the data indicate that the invariant cold shock domain (csd) is necessary but not sufficient for association with dna and suggest that another conserved region, ad ... | 1998 | 9444981 |
| the major site of phosphorylation within the rous sarcoma virus ma protein is not required for replication. | about one-third of the ma protein in rous sarcoma virus (rsv) is phosphorylated. previous analyses of this fraction have suggested that serine residues 68 and 106 are the major sites of phosphorylation. as a follow-up to that study, we have characterized mutants which have these putative phosphorylation sites changed to alanine, either separately or together. none of the substitutions (s68a, s106a, or s68/106a) had an effect on the budding efficiency or infectivity of the virus. upon examination ... | 1998 | 9445005 |
| the ns1 protein of human respiratory syncytial virus is a potent inhibitor of minigenome transcription and rna replication. | the ns1 protein (139 amino acids) is one of the two nonstructural proteins of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and is encoded by a very abundant mrna transcribed from the promoter-proximal rsv gene. the function of ns1 was unknown and was investigated here by using a reconstituted transcription and rna replication system that involves a minireplicon and viral proteins (n, p, l and m2-1) expressed from separate cotransfected plasmids. coexpression of the ns1 cdna strongly inhibited transcr ... | 1998 | 9445048 |
| essential roles of nf-kappab and c/ebp in the regulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 after respiratory syncytial virus infection of human respiratory epithelial cell cultures. | to determine the molecular mechanism(s) of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (icam-1) upregulation in respiratory epithelial cells (rec; a549 cell cultures), we investigated the roles of the transcription factors nf-kappab and c/ebp. increases in icam-1 message required de novo mrna synthesis. icam-1 promoter constructs (luciferase reporter gene) transfected into a549 monolayers demonstrated promoter activation following rsv infection. activation was abo ... | 1998 | 9445067 |
| targeting type ii and clara cells for adenovirus-mediated gene transfer using the surfactant protein b promoter. | we examined the ability of the human surfactant protein b (sp-b) promoter to confer cell specificity of transgene expression in an adenoviral vector. using similar replication-deficient adenoviruses (rad), we compared lacz reporter gene expression driven by the human sp-b promoter (rad.spblacz) with the ubiquitously expressed rous sarcoma virus promoter (rad.rsvlacz). rad.spblacz expressed lacz in h-441 and a549 lung epithelial cell lines and not in hela cells whereas rad.rsvlacz expressed in al ... | 1998 | 9448040 |
| genetic determinants of rous sarcoma virus particle size. | the gag proteins of retroviruses are the only viral products required for the release of membrane-enclosed particles by budding from the host cell. particles released when these proteins are expressed alone are identical to authentic virions in their rates of budding, proteolytic processing, and core morphology, as well as density and size. we have previously mapped three very small, modular regions of the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) gag protein that are necessary for budding. these assembly domain ... | 1998 | 9420260 |
| prophylactic administration of a complementarity-determining region derived from a neutralizing monoclonal antibody is effective against respiratory syncytial virus infection in balb/c mice. | immunotherapy with antibodies against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a treatment option given the absence of any vaccine or other available satisfactory treatment. we selected one of our monoclonal antibodies, rs-348, that is highly neutralizing. we showed that a single peptide (pep3h) derived from complementarity-determining region 3 (cdr3) of its heavy chain was capable of neutralizing the virus in vitro. when intranasally administered 24 h before challenge, this peptide protected balb/c ... | 1998 | 9420291 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection of neonatal monocytes stimulates synthesis of interferon regulatory factor 1 and interleukin-1beta (il-1beta)-converting enzyme and secretion of il-1beta. | interleukin-1beta (il-1beta) production in response to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was investigated in normal neonate monocytes. intracellular or culture supernatant il-1beta protein levels were measured by enzyme immunoassay. the expression of mrnas for interferon regulatory factor 1 (irf-1), il-1beta-converting enzyme (ice), and il-1beta in the cells was analyzed semiquantitatively by reverse transcriptase-pcr. before rsv exposure, some irf-1, ice, and il-1beta transcripts were already e ... | 1998 | 9420296 |
| pharmacological expression in rat hepatocytes of a gene transferred by an adenovirus vector enabled by a chimeric promoter containing multiple cyclic adenosine monophosphate response elements. | using the adenovirus vector adcf126(cre8).luc to deliver an expression cassette containing multiple cyclic adenosine monophosphate (camp) response elements driving the luciferase reporter gene, this study is directed toward evaluating the possibility of controlling genes transferred to the liver using pharmacological agents that raise hepatocyte camp levels. infection of primary rat hepatocytes with adcf126(cre8).luc yielded a low level of luciferase activity that was enhanced 16-fold by the add ... | 1998 | 9425932 |
| reverse transcription of a self-primed retrotransposon requires an rna structure similar to the u5-ir stem-loop of retroviruses. | an inverted repeat (ir) within the u5 region of the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) mrna forms a structure composed of a 7-bp stem and a 5-nucleotide (nt) loop. this u5-ir structure has been shown to be required for the initiation of reverse transcription. the mrna of tf1, long terminal repeat-containing retrotransposon from fission yeast (schizosaccharomyces pombe) contains nucleotides with the potential to form a u5-ir stem-loop that is strikingly similar to that of rsv. the putative u5-ir stem-loop ... | 1998 | 9774699 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in older persons. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an increasingly recognized cause of serious disease in older adults. rsv causes excess morbidity and mortality in older persons residing in nursing homes and in the community. the study of rsv in adults has been hampered by the lack of sensitive methods for the diagnosis of acute infections. such tools are needed to better understand the epidemiology and immunology of rsv in adults. the immune status of older adults has begun to be explored and preliminary da ... | 1998 | 9778756 |
| safety and pharmacokinetics of an intramuscular humanized monoclonal antibody to respiratory syncytial virus in premature infants and infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. the medi-493 study group. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of lower respiratory disease in infants and children. medi-493 (palivizumab, synagis) is a humanized monoclonal igg1 antibody to the fusion protein of rsv, and it is highly active in vitro against rsv a and b strains. | 1998 | 9779762 |
| helium-oxygen improves clinical asthma scores in children with acute bronchiolitis. | to determine the efficacy of a helium-oxygen mixture in children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit with acute respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis. | 1998 | 9781732 |
| [respiratory syncytial virus infection in childhood]. | respiratory syncytial virus is the most frequent cause of respiratory tract infections in infants and is responsible for annual winter epidemics of acute bronchiolitis. over the last decades medical therapy has remained unchanged and controversial, despite intensive research. inhaled bronchodilators are often not effective and should be discontinued if no beneficial response can be documented. steroids and ribavirin are not indicated in previously healthy infants with acute rsv bronchiolitis. th ... | 1998 | 9783360 |
| development of human antibodies against linear antigenic and immunogenic regions of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) nucleocapsid and phospho-proteins shows the site-directed characteristics. | the successful development of an rsv vaccine requires a better understanding of the pathogenesis of primary infection, susceptibility to reinfection, and the immunopathology of enhanced illness in children immunized with a non-replicating rsv candidate vaccine. the exact role of different immune parameters in rsv pathogenesis remains controversial. | 1998 | 9785215 |
| respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin for prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus disease in infants and children with congenital heart disease. the cardiac study group. | to examine the effectiveness of respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin administered intravenously (rsv-igiv) in reducing hospitalization for treatment of rsv in children with congenital heart disease (chd). | 1998 | 9787686 |
| respiratory syncytial virus induces the expression of 5-lipoxygenase and endothelin-1 in bronchial epithelial cells. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection causes and exacerbates asthma, yet the mechanism by which rsv triggers asthma is poorly understood. herein, an in vitro model of rsv infection was established using hep-2 and beas-2b bronchial epithelial cell lines, and the expression of 5-lipoxygenase (5-lo), and endothelin-1 (et-1) was examined. rsv infection increased the expression of 5-lo mrna and protein in both cell lines, as detected by rt-pcr and western blot analysis, respectively. the levels ... | 1998 | 9790973 |
| prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infections: indications for the use of palivizumab and update on the use of rsv-igiv. american academy of pediatrics committee on infectious diseases and committee of fetus and newborn. | the food and drug administration recently approved the use of palivizumab (pal-vizh-mäb), an intramuscularly administered monoclonal antibody preparation. recommendations for its use are based on a large, randomized study demonstrating a 55% reduction in the risk of hospitalization attributable to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections in high-risk pediatric patients. infants and children with chronic lung disease (cld), formerly designated bronchopulmonary dysplasia, as well as prematurel ... | 1998 | 9794957 |
| respiratory viral infections in the elderly in a nursing home. | the purpose of this study was to investigate what viruses infiltrate into our nursing home, assess the related clinical symptoms in elderly subjects, and compare the incidence of infections with those in the general community. between july 1994 and june 1995, 40 elderly persons dwelling in the nursing home were evaluated by clinical observation, serologic analysis, and viral culture of samples to determine the presence of viruses. enteroviruses and herpes simplex i virus could be isolated from a ... | 1998 | 9796185 |
| protective cytotoxic t lymphocyte responses against paramyxoviruses induced by epitope-based dna vaccines: involvement of ifn-gamma. | plasmid dna vectors have been constructed with minigenes encoding a single cytotoxic t lymphocyte (ctl) epitope from either the m2 protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) or from the nucleoprotein of measles virus (mv) with or without a signal sequence (also called secretory or leader sequence). following intradermal immunization, plasmids in which the ctl epitopes were expressed in-frame with the signal sequence were more effective at inducing peptide- and virus-specific ctl responses than ... | 1998 | 9796910 |
| role of mycoplasma pneumoniae in acute respiratory-tract infections in saudi paediatric patients. | the role of mycoplasma pneumoniae and viruses in the various clinical presentations of acute respiratory-tract infection (arti) was studied in saudi children seen at king khalid university hospital (kkuh) between january 1995 and january 1996. the study population comprised 511 children (age < 14 years) of both sexes. nasopharyngeal aspirates (npa) and acute-phase sera were collected. convalescent sera were only available from 334 of the patients (with an interval of 15-42 days between collectio ... | 1998 | 9797833 |
| a comparison of il-2 levels in nasopharyngeal and endotracheal aspirates of babies with respiratory syncytial viral bronchiolitis. | cytokines such as il-2 are thought to be important in the pathogenesis of respiratory tract inflammation. cytokine levels in nasopharyngeal aspirates (npas) have been used as a measure of respiratory inflammation in children with viral infections, but it is unclear whether they reflect levels in the lower respiratory tract. | 1998 | 9802370 |
| update: respiratory syncytial virus activity--united states, 1997-98 season. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the single most important cause of serious lower respiratory tract disease in infants and young children worldwide. in temperate climates, infections primarily occur during yearly outbreaks that usually peak during the winter months. rsv activity in the united states is monitored by the national respiratory and enteric virus surveillance system (nrevss), a voluntary, laboratory-based system. this report summarizes trends for rsv reported to nrevss from july 1 ... | 1998 | 9869076 |
| [severity of respiratory syncytial virus infection influenced by clinical risk factors and subtype a and b in hospitalized children]. | since it is possible to identify the subgroups of rsv, a-subtype and b-subtype, there are findings indicating that the subtype may influence severity of rsv infection. our study was designed to assess the hypothesis that a-subtype infections were more severe than b-subtype infections among hospitalized children. | 1998 | 9871899 |
| permissiveness of guinea pig alveolar macrophage subpopulations to acute respiratory syncytial virus infection in vitro. | alveolar macrophages (ams) are targets for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in vivo and in vitro. however, only a minority of ams are permissive to acute rsv infection in vitro, and it is unknown whether this permissiveness may be related to the degree of cellular maturation that is achieved in vivo. | 1998 | 9872206 |
| detection of bordetella pertussis and respiratory synctial virus in air samples from hospital rooms. | to evaluate the distribution of bordetella pertussis and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in the hospital setting. | 1998 | 9872529 |
| role of cellular actin in the gene expression and morphogenesis of human respiratory syncytial virus. | cytoskeletal protein actin and nonactin cellular proteins were essential for human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) gene expression. in vitro, specific antibodies against actin inhibited rsv transcription, whereas antibodies against other cytoskeletal proteins had little or no effect. affinity purified cellular actin or bacterially expressed recombinant actin activated rsv transcription. however, optimal transcription required additional cellular protein(s) that appeared to function as accessor ... | 1998 | 9875324 |
| approaches to antiviral chemotherapy for acute respiratory infections. | the causative agents of acute respiratory infections (ari) in infants and children are mostly thought to be viruses. some ari in adult patients may be caused by bacteria but most often the causes are virus infections. when ari affect immunocompromised patients or the elderly the mortality rates are significantly higher than in immunocompetent individuals. many types of viruses cause ari. among them, influenza viruses a and b and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are thought to be the most import ... | 1998 | 9875381 |
| severity of respiratory syncytial virus disease related to type and genotype of virus and to cytokine values in nasopharyngeal secretions. | investigations concerning the severity of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease as related to (1) rsv type and genotype determined respectively by pcr and restriction enzyme analysis and (2) interleukin 6 (il-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha) values in samples of nasopharyngeal secretion (nps) have not been previously reported. | 1998 | 9877358 |
| monoclonal antibody-resistant mutants selected with a respiratory syncytial virus-neutralizing human antibody fab fragment (fab 19) define a unique epitope on the fusion (f) glycoprotein. | a recombinant human antibody fragment, designated rsv fab 19, efficiently neutralizes respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). here we report the results of our sequence analysis of antibody escape mutants that identified f glycoprotein amino acids critical for binding of human or murine rsv f-neutralizing antibodies. | 1998 | 9878616 |
| usefulness of bronchoalveolar lavage for diagnosis of acute and persistent respiratory syncytial virus lung infections in guinea pigs. | to investigate whether bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) fluid specimens can be used to diagnose acute and persistent respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) lung infections in guinea pigs, we tested bal fluid and lung tissue specimens for evidence of viral infection, and compared bal cytology between infected and uninfected animals. rsv-inoculated guinea pigs were studied during acute bronchiolitis (days 3 and 7 postinoculation), convalescence (day 14 postinoculation), and persistent infection (days 28 an ... | 1998 | 9888214 |
| ventricular arrhythmia associated with respiratory syncytial viral infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of lower respiratory infections in infants. cardiac arrhythmias are an uncommon complication in infants with rsv bronchiolitis. presumably, the arrhythmias may be secondary to rsv pericarditis, myocarditis, or some other infection of the heart. we report on a patient with rsv bronchiolitis who had clinical myocarditis complicated by ventricular tachycardia. | 1998 | 9770583 |
| epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus infection requiring hospitalization in east denmark. | prophylaxis against infection caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) with high titered rsv immunoglobulin or humanized antibody may soon be available in europe. | 1998 | 9849981 |
| autocrine regulation of interleukin-8 by interleukin-1alpha in respiratory syncytial virus-infected pulmonary epithelial cells in vitro. | respiratory epithelial cells infected with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) produce interleukin-8 (il-8); however, the mechanisms of rsv-induced regulation of il-8 are poorly understood. in the present study, the regulation of il-8 by rsv was evaluated using pulmonary type ii-like epithelials (a549). live purified rsv (prsv) induced a significant increase in il-8 after 8 hr of exposure, while conditioned supernatants from prsv-infected a549 cells (crsv) induced il-8 production in fresh a549 cul ... | 1998 | 9893037 |
| distribution, persistency, toxicity, and lack of replication of an e1a-deficient adenoviral vector after intracardiac delivery in the cotton rat. | adenoviral vectors were inoculated via intracardiac injection into 5- to 1o-week-old cotton rats (sigmodon hispidus) to evaluate the effects of systemic delivery. cotton rats were chosen as a model because they are semipermissive to the replication of human adenoviruses. the vector used was adv.rsv-tk, a replication-deficient adenovirus with a herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene inserted in the e1 region. vector doses were 3 x 10(8), 3 x 10(9), and 3 x 10(10) viral particles per animal wi ... | 1998 | 9917091 |
| respiratory viruses in children attending a major referral centre in saudi arabia. | viral respiratory infections are common causes of illness in infants and children. examination of clinical specimens submitted for diagnosis during a 3-year period (august 1993-july 1996) at king faisal specialist hospital and research center (kfsh & rc) in riyadh revealed a wide spectrum of diseases associated with the isolation of five respiratory viruses. severity of disease ranged from mild upper respiratory illness to threatening lower respiratory illnesses including bronchiolitis and pneum ... | 1998 | 9924568 |
| the effects of virus-specific antibodies on the replication of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in vitro and on clinical disease and immune responses in lambs. | low concentrations of antibodies, specific to human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) have been shown to enhance virus replication in human monocytic cell lines by several workers. in the present study, replication of bovine rsv in ovine peripheral blood monocytes was shown to be enhanced in the presence of low concentration of bovine rsv-specific antibodies. antibodies had no enhancing effect on virus replication in secondary lamb testis cells or monocytic cell lines derived from peripheral blo ... | 1998 | 9643456 |
| acute lower respiratory infections due to respiratory syncytial virus and adenovirus among hospitalized children from argentina. | acute lower respiratory infection (alri) is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in small children. | 1998 | 9645999 |
| eosinophil cationic protein/rnase 3 is another rnase a-family ribonuclease with direct antiviral activity. | eosinophil cationic protein (ecp) is one of two rnase a-superfamily ribonucleases found in secretory granules of human eosinophilic leukocytes. although the physiologic function of eosinophils [and thus of the two eosinophil ribonucleases, ecp and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (edn)] remains controversial, we have recently shown that isolated human eosinophils promote ribonuclease-dependent toxicity toward extracellular virions of the single-stranded rna virus, respiratory syncytial virus, group ... | 1998 | 9649619 |
| human t-cell leukemia virus type 1 reverse transcriptase (rt) originates from the pro and pol open reading frames and requires the presence of rt-rnase h (rh) and rt-rh-integrase proteins for its activity. | the first description of an active form of a recombinant human t-cell leukemia virus type 1 (htlv-1) reverse transcriptase (rt) and subsequent predictions of its amino acid sequence and quaternary structure are reported here. by using amino acid alignment methods, the nh2 and cooh termini of the rt, rnase h (rh), and integrase (in) domains of the pol polyprotein were determined. the htlv-1 rt seems to be unique since its nh2 terminus is probably encoded by the pro open reading frame (orf) fused ... | 1998 | 9658093 |
| role of the transcription start site core region and transcription factor yy1 in rous sarcoma virus long terminal repeat promoter activity. | the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) long terminal repeat (ltr) contains a transcriptionally potent enhancer and promoter that functions in a variety of cell types. previous studies have identified the viral sequences required for enhancer activity, and characterization of these elements has provided insight into the mechanism of rsv transcriptional activity. the objective of this study was to better define the rsv ltr promoter by examining the transcription start site core (tssc) region. deletion of th ... | 1998 | 9658104 |
| adenovirus-mediated gene transfer in vivo to cerebral blood vessels and perivascular tissue in mice. | gene transfer to cerebral blood vessels has been accomplished in rats and dogs by injection of replication-deficient adenovirus into cerebrospinal fluid. in this study we examined transgene expression after injection of adenovirus into the cerebrospinal fluid of mice. responses were observed in icr mice and c57bl/6 mice, which are outbred and inbred strains, respectively. | 1998 | 9660397 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-induced interleukin-4 production by human conjunctival epithelial cells contributes to allergy: preliminary study. | we previously reported allergic conjunctivitis was associated with a local pattern of cytokines and identified respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in the conjunctival epithelium, in patients with allergic conjunctivitis. we hypothesized that rsv infected the normal conjunctival epithelium and produced interleukin-4 (il-4), causing an allergic reaction. to determine this event, we studied production of il-4 by human conjunctival epithelial cells, after infection with rsv. | 1998 | 9663856 |
| respiratory syncytial virus vaccines. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important cause of viral lower respiratory tract illness (lri) in infants and children worldwide and causes significant lri in the elderly and in immunocompromised patients. the goal of rsv vaccination is to prevent serious rsv-associated lri. there are several obstacles to the development of successful rsv vaccines, including the need to immunize very young infants, who may respond inadequately to vaccination; the existence of two antigenically dist ... | 1998 | 9665976 |
| characterization of myogenin expression in myotubes derived from quail myoblasts transformed with a temperature sensitive mutant of rous sarcoma virus. | during myogenic differentiation of quail myoblasts transformed with a temperature sensitive mutant of rous sarcoma virus (qm-rsv cells), it was observed that myogenin was continuously expressed in myotubes. in contrast, in myotubes derived from quail primary cells (parent cells of qm-rsv cells), myogenin expression was seen only in the myotubes not having striated structures comprised of myofibrils, but not in myotubes having the structures. the fact that there are not striated structures of myo ... | 1998 | 9669033 |
| development of transgenic xenopus laevis with a high c-src gene expression. | xenopus laevis larvae with an elevated expression of c-src were generated by mating a transgenic x. laevis male frog carrying proviral rous sarcoma virus (rsv) long terminal repeat (ltr) and most of the pol gene sequences in its sperm dna and a normal x. laevis female frog. offspring (15-20%) with a higher dosage of c-src, detected in disorganized myotomal musculature and in cerebral and spinal neuronal cells by immunohistochemical analysis, developed abnormally, with edemas (in most cases), hea ... | 1998 | 9669525 |
| t cell subset analysis in peripheral blood of children with rsv bronchiolitis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis is partially an immune-mediated disease in which rsv-specific t cells play a predominant role. the peripheral blood t cell response was studied in patients with rsv bronchiolitis in order to detect evidence for t cell redistribution during natural rsv infection and if so, which subsets are involved. 18 patients with rsv bronchiolitis and 13 control patients were studied. the white blood cell count, the number of t cells and t cell subsets in blood ... | 1998 | 9670363 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-induced rantes production from human bronchial epithelial cells is dependent on nuclear factor-kappa b nuclear binding and is inhibited by adenovirus-mediated expression of inhibitor of kappa b alpha. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is an important cause of lower respiratory tract illness, the severity of which may be partly due to cellular recruitment. rsv infection activates chemokine secretion from airway epithelial cells by largely unknown mechanisms. we investigated the regulation of rsv-induced activation of the chemokine rantes in the bronchial epithelial cell line beas-2b and primary normal human tracheobronchial epithelial cultures. rantes protein and mrna were detected a ... | 1998 | 9670982 |
| severe respiratory syncytial virus pulmonary infection in a patient treated with fludarabine for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. | fludarabine phosphate is currently proposed for the treatment of refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (cll). cd4 t-lymphocyte depletion, myelosuppression, and subsequent severe infections are the major side effects of fludarabine phosphate therapy. we report here on a heretofore undescribed respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in a patient with a long-standing history of refractory cll that was treated with fludarabine phosphate. the patient developed a severe infection of the upper an ... | 1998 | 9671138 |
| conversion of a human low-density lipoprotein receptor ligandbinding repeat to a virus receptor: identification of residues important for ligand specificity. | the amino-terminal region of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (ldlr) contains seven imperfect repeats of a cysteine-rich, roughly 40-aa module (ldl-a module) that are critical for apolipoprotein binding. ldl-a modules are found in numerous cell-surface and secreted proteins and are believed to mediate extracellular protein-protein interactions. the cellular receptor for subgroup a rous sarcoma virus (rsv) contains a single ldl-a module that binds the rsv envelope protein and allows viral inf ... | 1998 | 9671701 |
| potent inhibition of respiratory syncytial virus replication using a 2-5a-antisense chimera targeted to signals within the virus genomic rna. | the 2-5a system is a recognized mechanistic component of the antiviral action of interferon. interferon-induced 2-5a synthetase generates 2-5a, which, in turn, activates the latent constitutive rnase l that degrades viral rna. chemical conjugation of 2-5a to an antisense oligonucleotide can target the 2-5a-dependent rnase l to the antisense-specified rna and effect its selective destruction. such a 2-5a-antisense chimera (nih351) has been developed that targets a consensus sequence within the re ... | 1998 | 9671772 |
| respiratory syncytial virus and human bronchial epithelium. | a suitable model for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection has yet to be developed. | 1998 | 9677113 |
| differential patterns of circulating adhesion molecules in children with bronchial asthma and acute bronchiolitis. | the object of the study was to assess the levels of circulating forms of the cellular adhesion molecules icam-1, vcam-1, e-selectin, l-selectin and p-selectin in young children with asthma and acute bronchiolitis. thirty-nine children aged 12 to 84 months with mild or moderate asthma were studied at admission for acute asthma (n = 15) or in a stable phase (n = 24). ten of the children with acute asthma were seen again after one month. twenty-two children aged 1 to 17 months with acute bronchioli ... | 1998 | 9677602 |
| abundant ifn-gamma production by local t cells in respiratory syncytial virus-induced eosinophilic lung disease. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a frequent cause of severe lung disease in young children. primed t cells are required for virus clearance, but are causally implicated in the enhanced pathology seen following rsv infection of some infants and experimental animals vaccinated against the virus. in balb/c mice, vaccination with recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the viral attachment protein (g) leads to pulmonary eosinophilia during subsequent infection, which indirect evidence suggests may ... | 1998 | 9680139 |
| using distilled water for the extraction of mucosal antibodies and the subsequent application in rsv neutralization test. | virus neutralization (vn) is an important functional test for evaluating rsv vaccines, also encompassing in mucosal secretion of the respiratory tract considering the infection route. in our previous study, an immunoglobin extraction method described by bergquist et al. was adopted for rsv elisa, but it was not suitable for virus neutralization test due to the cell toxicity of the 2% saponin solution used for the antibody extraction. in order to overcome this problem, several solvents including ... | 1998 | 9682132 |
| immune response to baculovirus expressed protein fragment amino acids 190-289 of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion protein. | at least two neutralizing epitopes have been identified in the amino acid (aa) sequence 190-289 of the rsv fusion protein. the authors expressed this region in insect cells (bf190-289) and compared the immune response to bf190-289 with that induced by baculovirus expressed full-length fusion protein (bf). as with bf, mice primed with bf190-289 produced exclusively antibodies of igg1 isotype, generated neutralizing antibodies, reduced significantly the virus titer (about a half log10 reduction) a ... | 1998 | 9682369 |
| a bovine model of vaccine enhanced respiratory syncytial virus pathophysiology. | a critical issue has been the observation that vaccination of children with a formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine is associated with disease enhancement. we have taken advantage of bovine rsv and our experience with this disease in calves to develop a natural model that parallels human disease. using formalin-inactivated bovine rsv vaccine calves were either sham-vaccinated/infected, vaccinated/infected, or vaccinated/sham-infected and their clinical signs, pulmonary f ... | 1998 | 9682383 |
| the upstream, direct repeat sequence of prague a rous sarcoma virus is deficient in mediating efficient gag assembly and particle release. | rous sarcoma virus (rsv) contains two approximately 135-nt imperfect direct repeats composed of smaller repeats, dr1 (approximately 100 nt) and dr2 (approximately 36 nt), that are between the env and src genes and downstream of src in the 3' untranslated region, respectively. it has previously been shown that a prague a rsv mutant in which both dr1 sequences are deleted is defective at several points in the virus life cycle, including unspliced rna and env mrna stability, unspliced rna transport ... | 1998 | 9683574 |
| detection of rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and coronavirus infections in acute otitis media by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. | to determine the frequencies of human rhinovirus (hrv), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), and coronavirus (hcv) infection in children with acute otitis media (aom). | 1998 | 9685428 |
| respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease and prospects for its control. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major virus pathogen of infants and young children, an important cause of disease in adults and is responsible for a significant amount of excess morbidity and mortality in the elderly. it also can be devastating in immunosuppressed populations. vaccines are being developed, but none are currently licensed. moreover, even if one or more are approved, they may not be suitable for some populations vulnerable to rsv (e.g. very young infants and the immunosuppr ... | 1998 | 9806484 |
| primer trna(trp) of rsv-transformed or rav-1-infected cells up-regulates the antiribosomal activity of gelonin. | some ribosome-inactivating proteins (rips) with rna-n-glycosidase activity on 28s rrna require, for maximal inactivation of ribosomes, the presence of trna. trna(trp) specifically up-regulates gelonin, the rip from gelonium multiflorum. the same trna is the primer of the reverse transcriptase of rous sarcoma virus (rsv) and of its mutant (rav-1) which lacks the src gene. here we demonstrate that gelonin is more active in inhibiting endogenous protein synthesis by lysates of rsv-transformed or ra ... | 1998 | 9810463 |
| the genetic control of susceptibility to subgroup d rna tumour virus infection in commercial breeds of chickens. | the genetic control of resistance to rsv (rav-50) in chick embryos inoculated via the chorioallantoic membrane route was studied in three breeds of chickens. the relative susceptibility to subgroup d infection was 0.01, 0.02 and 0.003 in broilers, white leghorns and bantam x australorp crosses, respectively. the distribution pattern of putative dr gene frequencies were 0.80, 0.68 and 0.90, respectively, in the same three breeds. liver tumours resulting from the virus infection were observed in a ... | 1998 | 9810639 |
| secondary structure and mutational analysis of the ribosomal frameshift signal of rous sarcoma virus. | expression of the gag-pol polyprotein of rous sarcoma virus (rsv) requires a -1 ribosomal frameshifting event at the overlap region of the gag and pol open reading frames. the signal for frameshifting is composed of two essential mrna elements; a slippery sequence (aaauuua) where the ribosome changes reading frame, and a stimulatory rna structure located immediately downstream. this rna is predicted to be a complex stem-loop but may also form an rna pseudoknot. we have investigated the structure ... | 1998 | 9813113 |
| detection and quantitation of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) using minigenome cdna and a sindbis virus replicon: a prototype assay for negative-strand rna viruses. | we describe here a novel approach for detecting and quantitating human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) based on expression of a reporter gene from an rsv minigenome. bhk cells were cytoplasmically transformed with a noncytopathic sindbis virus replicon expressing t7 rna polymerase. these cells were then cotransfected with t7 expression plasmids that contain the cdna of an rsv minigenome and the genes for rsv nucleocapsid proteins n, p, and l. the minigenome contains a reporter gene such as lac ... | 1998 | 9813215 |
| recombinant human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) from cdna and construction of subgroup a and b chimeric rsv. | infectious human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was produced from a cdna clone that contains 15,222 nucleotides of rsv genome derived from the a2 strain of subgroup a. recovery of infectious rsv from cdna required cotransfection of only three expression plasmids encoding the nucleoprotein (n), the phosphoprotein (p), and the major polymerase protein (l). inclusion of the m2-1 plasmid was not required in the transfection reaction and if included did not significantly increase the rescue effici ... | 1998 | 9813216 |
| shedding of l-selectin and pecam-1 and upregulation of mac-1 and icam-1 on neutrophils in rsv bronchiolitis. | bronchiolitis is characterized histologically by epithelial necrosis and peribronchial infiltration of leukocytes, with a high percentage of neutrophils in the airways. we investigated the expression of adhesion molecules (cd11a, cd11b, cd18, cd31, cd54, and cd62l) on neutrophils from nasopharyngeal aspirates (npas) and peripheral blood (pb) of infants with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced bronchiolitis. the expression of cd31 and cd62l on neutrophils from npas is decreased and the expr ... | 1998 | 9815117 |
| reduction of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in tracheal aspirates in intubated infants by use of humanized monoclonal antibody to rsv f protein. | thirty-five children <2 years of age mechanically ventilated for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection were randomized to receive an intravenous infusion of 15 mg/kg medi-493 or placebo. rsv concentration was measured in tracheal secretions by plaque assay before and at 24-h intervals after treatment. the reduction in tracheal rsv concentration from day 0 to day 1 (-1.7+/-0.28 vs. -0. 6+/-0.21 log10 pfu/ml; p=.004) and from day 0 to day 2 (-2.5+/-0.26 vs. -1.0+/-0.41 log10 pfu/ml; p=.012) ... | 1998 | 9815203 |
| atypical pulmonary eosinophilia is mediated by a specific amino acid sequence of the attachment (g) protein of respiratory syncytial virus. | we analyzed the immune responses evoked by a series of overlapping peptides to better understand the molecular basis for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) g protein-induced eosinophilia in balb/c mice. in vitro stimulation of spleen cells from natural g protein-primed mice showed dominant proliferative and cytokine (interferon [ifn]-gamma and interleukin [il]-5) responses to a peptide encompassing amino acids 184-198. mice vaccinated with peptide 184- 198 conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin ... | 1998 | 9815273 |
| treatment of respiratory failure with inhaled nitric oxide and high- frequency ventilation in an infant with respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. | in a 7-month-old infant with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) pneumonia, we have shown an additive effect of high-frequency ventilation (hfv) and inhaled nitric oxide (ino) in terms of improved oxygenation and the avoidance of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. apparently, the combined therapy of hfv and ino is superior to either therapeutic modality alone in the treatment of hypoxemic respiratory failure due to rsv pneumonia. the mechanism of increased lung exp ... | 1998 | 9817963 |
| intracellular ifn-gamma expression in natural killer cells precedes lung cd8+ t cell recruitment during respiratory syncytial virus infection. | natural killer (nk) cells are recruited locally during the initial phases of virus infection and produce cytokines which may affect the subsequent emergence of specific t cells. in this study, cellular responses to primary respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection and after vaccination with individual viral proteins were investigated in balb/c mice using the new nk cell antibody, dx5. purified dx5+ cells caused lysis of yac-1 cell targets. dx5+ cells did not express cd8, cd45r or mhc class ii ... | 1998 | 9820134 |
| in vivo suppression of osteosarcoma pulmonary metastasis with intravenous osteocalcin promoter-based toxic gene therapy. | pulmonary metastases are the main cause of death of patients with several types of cancer, including osteosarcoma, renal cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, and breast cancer. previously, we demonstrated that intralesional injection of the recombinant adenovirus (ad) vector containing the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (tk) gene driven by an osteocalcin (oc) promoter (ad-oc-tk) effectively suppressed the growth of osteosarcoma cells in vitro and tumors in vivo in a tumor-specific manner w ... | 1998 | 9824046 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in children with acute respiratory infections in zambia. | epidemiological research on respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections in children was carried out at the virology laboratory, university teaching hospital (uth), in lusaka, zambia, from january-december 1996. specimens including 736 nasal washings and 2424 throat swabs were collected from children with acute respiratory infections (ari) and tested for rsv by enzyme immunoassay and by virus isolation. rsv was isolated in 62 (4.1%) of 1496 throat swabs collected from march to september and was ... | 1998 | 9825792 |
| evolution of antiviral activity in the ribonuclease a gene superfamily: evidence for a specific interaction between eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (edn/rnase 2) and respiratory syncytial virus. | we have demonstrated that the human eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (edn, rnase 2), a rapidly evolving secretory protein derived from eosinophilic leukocytes, mediates the ribonucleolytic destruction of extracellular virions of the single-stranded rna virus respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). while rnase activity is crucial to antiviral activity, it is clearly not sufficient, as our results suggest that edn has unique structural features apart from rnase activity that are necessary to promote antiv ... | 1998 | 9826755 |
| host genetic determinants of vaccine-induced eosinophilia during respiratory syncytial virus infection. | in balb/c mice, sensitization with the attachment protein (g) of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) leads to cd4+ t cell-mediated lung eosinophilia during subsequent challenge with rsv. to determine the host genetic influences on this model of lung eosinophilia, we tested 15 different inbred mouse strains. eosinophilia developed in all h-2d (balb/c, dba/2n, and b10.d2), but not in h-2k (cba/ca, cba/j, c3h, balb.k, or b10.br) mouse strains. among h-2b mice, 129 and balb.b developed eosinophilia, w ... | 1998 | 9834108 |
| a primate model of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | to determine whether bonnet monkeys are susceptible to infection and disease due to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), 4 juvenile bonnet monkeys (macaca radiata) were inoculated with rsv intratracheally and sacrificed at 3, 5, 7 and 9 days post infection. rsv was cultured from pre-autopsy broncheoalveolar lavage fluid from all 4 animals with a peak titre of virus on day 9. serum rsv neutralizing antibody was present by day 7. animals developed tachypnoea and chest retractions by 5th day post inf ... | 1998 | 9838875 |
| costs and benefits of respiratory syncytial virus immunoglobulin to prevent hospitalization for lower respiratory tract illness in very low birth weight infants. | respiratory syncytial virus immunoglobulin intravenous (rsv-igiv) has been shown to reduce the risk of lower respiratory illness (lri) hospitalization in preterm infants and infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (bpd). the purpose of this analysis was to estimate the economic costs and benefits of prophylaxis with rsv-igiv in these groups. | 1998 | 9686723 |
| enzyme-linked immunoassay for respiratory syncytial virus is not predictive of bronchiolitis in sudden infant death syndrome. | although respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-infected infants may present with apnea, the role that rsv plays in sudden infant death syndrome (sids) is speculative. to determine whether rsv is associated with bronchiolitis in these patients, we examined histologic sections of lungs from 41 apparent sids cases and compared the results with those of enzyme-linked immunofluorescent assay (eia) from nasal washings. bronchiolitis was defined by a bronchiolar inflammatory cell infiltrate plus epithelial ... | 1998 | 9688761 |
| pasteurella haemolytica complicated respiratory infections in sheep and goats. | respiratory infections which commonly occur in sheep and goats often result from adverse physical and physiological stress combined with viral and bacterial infections. inevitably, pasteurella haemolytica pneumonia occurs as a result of these interactions. in this review, we present recent advances in research on the complex etiology of pneumonia involving p. haemolytica. initially stress, induced by factors such as heat, overcrowding, exposure to inclement weather, poor ventilation, handling an ... | 1998 | 9689740 |