Publications

isolation of a carp complement protein homologous to mammalian factor d.	factor d of carp (cyprinus carpio) complement was purified to apparent homogeneity by a 4-step chromatographic procedure and examined for physicochemical and functional properties. carp factor d proved to be an alpha-globulin with a molecular mass of 29 kda and the serum concentration was estimated to be 6 micrograms/ml. the nh2-terminal amino acid sequence (30 residues including five unidentified positions) of carp factor d showed high homologies (57-60%) to those of mammalian factor d. neither ...	1994	8152436
distribution of free d-serine in vertebrate brains.	free d-serine distribution in vertebrate brains was investigated. in various brain regions of the lower vertebrate species, carp, frog and chick, free d-serine levels were low. on the contrary, in the mammals, mouse, rat and bull, the contents of free d-serine were high in the forebrain (around 400 nmol/g wet weight, and the ratio of d-serine to l-serine, was d/l = 0.4), and low in the hindbrain. in developing mice, d-serine levels in the cerebrum increased with age and attained the adult level ...	1994	8131079
nuclear sm antigens in the sperm of different organisms.	immunoblot analysis of sperm protein from several species revealed the presence of polypeptides recognised by anti-sm sera obtained from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. immunoreactive polypeptides in human, bull, mouse and rat sperm were identified as protein b', b and d as compared with the sm polypeptides of hela cells. in the sperm of rooster, the teleost fish cyprinus carpio and the mussel choromytilus chorus, the immunoreactive polypeptide profile was more complex. to ascertain ...	1994	8785681
molecular cloning and sequencing of a carp cdna encoding mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase.	we have cloned a full-length cdna encoding the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (mkk) from a carp liver cdna library. the cdna contains 1970 bp with a single open reading frame encoding a 397 amino acid protein. by comparing with known mkk sequences from other species, carp mkk is 78%, 80%, 76% and 58% identical to rat mkk1, rat mkk2, xenopus mkk and drosophila mkk.	1994	8312367
immunocytochemical study on biologically active neurosubstances in daughter sporocysts and cercariae of trichobilharzia ocellata and schistosoma mansoni.	immunocytochemical techniques applied to sections and whole-mount preparations of cercariae from two species of trematodes, trichobilharzia ocellata and schistosoma mansoni, revealed the occurrence of immunoreactivity (ir) to several neurosubstances in the nervous system (ns). immunostaining was localized in cerebral ganglia, in the main commissure, in anterior and posterior nerve trunks, as well as in a pair of nerve fibres running along the tail. in t. ocellata, immunoreactivity (ir) was obser ...	1994	8022656
insulin binding and receptor tyrosine kinase activity in skeletal muscle of carnivorous and omnivorous fish.	we characterized the insulin receptors in skeletal muscle from several fish species with different nutritional preferences: brown trout (salmo trutta fario), gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata), tilapia (tilapia mossambica), and carp (cyprinus carpio), semipurified by affinity chromatography (wheat germ agglutinin-agarose). total specific binding and number of receptors per unit weight of piscine white skeletal muscle were lower than those values found in mammalian skeletal muscle. the same param ...	1994	8024051
characterization of gamma-crystallins from a hybrid teleostean fish: multiplicity of isoforms as revealed by cdna sequence analysis.	gamma-crystallins were isolated and characterized from the eye lenses of a hybrid species belonging to the teleostean fish. isoelectric focusing of gamma-crystallin fraction obtained from gel-permeation chromatography revealed that it consists of multiple charge isomers of a protein species with a molecular mass of about 20 kda. to facilitate the cloning of gamma-crystallin gene, cdna was constructed from the poly(a)+mrna isolated from fresh lenses, and amplification by polymerase chain reaction ...	1994	8037758
toxicity identification evaluations for the investigation of fish kills: a case study.	a large fish-kill was observed in the river tajo during the spring-summer of 1991. the mortality was first detected between aranjuez and toledo, affecting several fish species. then it was slowly going downstream, affecting only carp (cyprinus carpio), reaching the spanish-portuguese border several months later. short-term toxicity tests on daphnia magna and in vitro cytotoxicity tests on rtg-2 cells were used as toxicity monitoring systems in water samples and different water fractions. the fis ...	1994	8044634
phylogenetic and ontogenetic study of neuropeptide y-containing nerves in the liver.	the distribution of neuropeptide y was investigated by light and electron microscopic immunohistochemistry in the liver of various vertebrates including the eel, carp, bullfrog, turtle, chicken, mouse, rat, guinea-pig, dog, monkey and human. the ontogenetic development of neuropeptide y was also studied in the mouse liver. in all species examined except the eel, neuropeptide y-like immunoreactivity was detected in nerve fibres. in the carp, bullfrog, turtle, chicken, mouse and rat, positive fibr ...	1994	8045785
[activity of lysosomal proteinases in carb tissue in aeromonas infection].	the activity of major lysosomal proteinases (cathepsins b and d) increased in carp tissues infested with aeromonas hydrophila. the value and character of changes in the activity of cathepsins depended on the degree of infestation and the physiological state of fishes (normally fed or starved).	1994	8047538
characterisation of immunoglobulin-binding leucocytes in carp (cyprinus carpio l.).	this study demonstrates the immunoglobulin(ig)-binding capacity of ig-positive carp macrophages employing immunofluorescence and immunogold methods. these methods allow for the characterisation of the ig-binding cells. after internalisation of fluorescent- or gold-labelled ig (30 min at room temperature), most macrophages from the hindgut were able to bind added purified carp ig, which could be demonstrated clearly with a second fluorescent or gold label. in pronephros, an important haemopoietic ...	1994	8050616
creatine kinase, energy-rich phosphates and energy metabolism in heart muscle of different vertebrates.	maximal activities of creatine kinase, pyruvate kinase and cytochrome oxidase and total concentrations of creatine and phosphorylated adenylates were measured in cardiac muscle of hagfish, eight teleost species, frog, turtle, pigeon and rat. the ratio of creatine kinase to cytochrome oxidase with cytochrome oxidase as a rough estimate of aerobic capacity and cellular "energy turnover", was increased in myocardia of hagfish, turtle and crucian carp. these myocardia are likely to be frequently exp ...	1994	8056878
spring viraemia of carp.		1994	7941273
role of the atrial natriuretic peptide for adrenal regulation in the teleost fish cyprinus carpio.	the biological role of atrial natriuretic peptide (anp) for the adrenal tissue of the teleost fish cyprinus carpio, the carp, was investigated using in vitro autoradiography to study anp binding sites, immunohistochemistry to localize anp-like peptides, and in vitro perifusion to measure adrenal cortisol and catecholamine release. 125i-labeled rat anp-(99-126) [125i-ranp-(99-126)] binding was present in adrenal tissue exhibiting positive cooperativity with a half-maximal binding concentration (e ...	1994	7943413
monoclonal antibodies against goldfish (carassius auratus) immunoglobulin: application to the quantification of immunoglobulin and antibody-secreting cells by elispot and seric immunoglobulin and antibody levels by elisa in carp (cyprinus carpio).	monoclonal antibodies (mabs) raised against heavy and light chains of goldfish immunoglobulin (ig) were characterized by a western blot technique. a complete cross-reactivity was observed between carp and goldfish ig. these mabs were used for the quantification of carp ig and anti-yersinia ruckeri antibodies by elisa. an elispot assay was also developed in carp to quantify ig-secreting cells (isc) and antibody-secreting cells (asc). the number of asc was maximum on day 18 post-vaccination and de ...	1994	7951348
immunodetection of the ribosomal transcription factor ubf at the nucleolus organizer regions of fish cells.	a human autoimmune serum to nucleolus organizer regions (nors) has been used to localize these structures at the light microscopic level in carp and trout tissue culture cells. in interphase cells, the immunofluorescence pattern indicates that the nors autoantigens are contained exclusively within the nucleolus of carp epithelial (epc) and trout gonad (rtg) cells. this fluorescence is punctuate rather than uniform, and presumably represents transcriptional complexes of ribosomal dna. during mito ...	1994	7954874
dnase-i-like enzyme from the carp liver--inhibition by muscle and endogenous actin.	1. dnase-i-like activity occurs in the carp (cyprinus carpio) liver cytosol (supernatant 105,000 g). 2. the enzyme resembles dnase i from bovine pancreas in respect to the molecular mass (approximately 31 kda), ph (7.4) and ion requirements (mg2+, ca2+) and the ability to degrade native as well as denatured dna. 3. as judged by comparison of dnase zymograms obtained after native- and sds-page, the enzyme occurs in the three molecular forms of similar molecular weight and different charges. 4. al ...	1994	7988739
cloning and characterization of the european seabass, dicentrarchus labrax, mitochondrial genome.	mitochondrial dna (mtdna) from the european seabass, dicentrarchus labrax, has been cloned and characterized. its gene organization was deduced by a comparison of the sequenced termini of different subclones obtained from european seabass mtdna to the completely-sequenced mtdnas from carp and freshwater loach. the difference in genome size between the european seabass mtdna (approximately 18 kb) and most of the other characterized fish mtdnas (approximately 16.5 kb) is accounted for by the displ ...	1994	8001168
properties of the 'neutral zone' explain polarity of retinal spreading depression.	retinal spreading depression was evoked using low cl- ringer's solution and the concomitant field potentials (spreading depression potential; sdp) were recorded. the polarity of the transretinally recorded sdps was not consistent among animal species. the sdps recorded from carp and frog were receptor side negative, while chick and cat induced receptor side positive sdps. according to the k+ hypothesis, the retinal sdp is generated by müller cells responding to an increase in the extracellular k ...	1994	8008248
relationships among ryanodine receptor isoforms expressed in vertebrate skeletal muscles based on immunologic cross-reactivities.	to clarify the relationship among ryanodine receptor isoforms from skeletal muscles of various vertebrates (alpha- and beta-isoforms with smaller and larger mobilities on sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, respectively), we examined the cross-reactivities of those receptors from 13 animal species by western blot analysis, using specific polyclonal antibodies raised in rabbit against the bullfrog alpha- and beta-isoforms. anti-beta-isoform antibody showed positive reactions against skeletal ...	1994	7896740
[the perceptive color space in the carp (carpio cyprinus l.)].	discrimination of colours was studied using choice conditioning paradigm (one of a pair of colour stimuli) in carps. matrix of probabilities of instrumental reactions (catching a bead) was constructed by the results of eight experimental sessions with successive reinforcement of one of the eight colours. it was processed by factor analysis. the spherical structure of carp's perceptual colour space revealed by factor analysis was similar to that of monkeys and humans. four eigenvectors which cons ...	1994	7879429
response of ig-positive cells to goussia carpelli (protozoa: apicomplexa) infections in carp (cyprinus carpio l.).	the kinetics of ig-positive cell populations in carp tissues was followed during an infection with the gut dwelling coccidian goussia carpelli léger et stankovich, 1921. in cell suspensions of the anterior and posterior sections of the intestine, the proportion of ig-positive cells increased with the development of the coccidia and peaked during oocyst formation at day 15 post exposure. these results suggest a reaction of the local mucosal immune system. in cell suspensions of pronephros the pro ...	1994	7883249
development of a homologous radioimmunoassay for coho salmon insulin-like growth factor-i.	a specific homologous radioimmunoassay (ria) for measurement of insulin-like growth factor-i (igf-i) in plasma of salmonid and a few non-salmonid fish species was developed using recombinant coho salmon igf-i (rsigf-i) as tracer and standard, and antiserum against this peptide raised in rabbits. the minimum detection level of igf-i was 1.5 ng/ml and linearity was obtained in a range from 1.5 to 23 ng/ml. no cross-reaction was detected in the salmon igf-i ria with mammalian growth factors, salmon ...	1994	7843563
up-regulation of insulin binding in fish skeletal muscle by high insulin levels.	the effects of insulin titres on regulation of receptor binding were studied in several fish species. insulin receptors were semi-purified by affinity chromatography (wga-agarose) from skeletal muscle of carp, brown trout and rainbow trout that had been subjected to increases in insulinemia produced either by arginine injection, food administration, or adaptation to an experimental diet (extruded diet with high-digestibility carbohydrates). arginine injection provoked acute hyperinsulinemia in b ...	1994	7846297
comparative inhibition patterns of adenylate kinases from mammals, bird, fish and microorganisms.	the s8 inhibitions of aks from six different sources were studied in mammals, birds, fish, and a microorganism. all aks tested were inhibited by s8. except for carp, all inhibited aks from those tested were reactivated by dtt. inhibitions of aks by other hydrophobic inhibitors, nem, butanol and ethanol were also studied. the inhibitions by s8 suggest that the hydrophobic pockets in the aks cover a wide phylogenetic range. all inhibitions by s8 are reactivated by dtt. unlike the inhibitions by s8 ...	1994	7749617
survey of the paratenic hosts of anguillicola crassus in lake velence, hungary.	anguillicola crassus infection of paratenic hosts was investigated in lake velence, hungary, in october 1992. a total of 155 specimens of 8 species (gymnocephalus cernuus, lepomis gibbosus, stizostedion lucioperca, abramis brama, alburnus alburnus, cyprinus carpio, pseudorasbora parva and rutilus rutilus) were examined: all species proved to be infected. there were large differences in the prevalence of infection among fishes, but the prevalence was generally higher in perciform fishes and it wa ...	1994	7810405
the occurrence of neurons with strongly negatively charged surface coats in mammalian, avian, reptilian, amphibian and piscine brains.	neurons with strongly negatively charged surface coats were recognized in mammalian, avian, reptilian, amphibian and piscine brains. many large-sized neurons had strongly negatively charged surface coats in the visual cortex and brain stem of the cow, cat, guinea pig, mouse, quail and parakeet. such neurons were also seen in the brain stem of the lower vertebrates such as the house lizard, japanese terrapin, bullfrog, newt, carp and sweetfish.	1994	7817774
[ambiphrya ameiuri (ciliophora: peritricha): its ultrastructure and distribution on the body of carp fry].	the mass infection of larvae and youngsters of carp fishes with the peritrichoid ambiphrya ameiuri has been recorded in natural condition in the rybinsk water reservoir. the uneven localisation of ambiphyrans on the body surface has been observed on the hosts blicca bjorkna and abramis brama. most high density of parasites was on the breast, back and tail fins. the morphological variability of ambiphyrans in dependence upon their localisation on the fish body has been observed. details being sig ...	1994	7824286
inhibitory effects of microcystis aeruginosa toxin on ion pumps of the gill of freshwater fish.	a microsomal fraction enriched in ion pump enzymes was isolated from the gill of the carp (cyprinus carpio linneo). mg(2+)-dependent (na+ + k+), na+, hco3- and ca(2+)-stimulated atpase activities were studied following treatment with microcystin-lr-like toxin, the major toxic component isolated from microcystis aeruginosa culture. these enzyme activities were inhibited in a dose-dependent manner. the maximum inhibition of each enzyme, induced with nm concentration of the toxin, was similar to th ...	1994	9237344
characterization of macrophages and neutrophilic granulocytes from the pronephros of carp (cyprinus carpio)	to analyse the functional activity of different leucocyte types, carp pronephros cells were separated on percoll density gradients and by use of fluorescence-activated cell sorting. cell populations were characterised by light and electron microscopy and by flow cytometry. fractions enriched in macrophages and neutrophilic granulocytes were subsequently analysed for phagocytic activity in vitro by quantification of the uptake of escherichia coli bacteria or yeast cells, and for respiratory burst ...	1994	9317515
m-band structure, m-bridge interactions and contraction speed in vertebrate cardiac muscles.	cardiac muscle m-band structures in several mammals (guinea pig, rabbit, rat and cow) and also from three teleosts (plaice, carp and roach), have been studied using electron microscopy and image processing. axial structure seen in negatively stained isolated myofibrils or negatively stained cryo-sections shows the presence of five strong m-bridge lines (m6, m4, m1, m4' and m6') except in the case of the teleost m-bands in which the central m-line (m1) is absent, giving a four-line m-band. the m4 ...	1994	7706420
the distribution and host range of species of the blood fluke sanguinicola in british freshwater fish.	the distribution of host range of sanguinicola armata, s. inermis and s. volgensis in british freshwater fish are described. s. inermis has been recorded in carp cyprinus carpio, crucian carp carassius carassius and tench tinca tinca in southern, central and eastern england and in koi carp imported from japan. s. armata has been detected in pike esox lucius and tench and s. volgensis has been found in chub leuciscus cephalus, dace leuciscus leuciscus, perch perca fluviatilis, roach rutilus rutil ...	1994	7706678
[evaluation of 4 vermifuges against bothriocephalus acheilognathi in carp].	with the aim to evaluate the efficacy of four vermicides, praziquantel, mebendazole, nitroscanate and triclorfon in the control of bothriocephalus acheilognathi in carps, one hundred and sixty, two year-old carps (ctenopharyngodon idellus) with an average weight of 120 g and a mean parasitic burden of 115.5 parasites/fish were used. five groups of 30 fish each were randomly formed. each group was then subdivided in three groups, each of 10 individuals/pond. the three subgroups of group a receive ...	1994	7709095
central nervous system abnormalities in chromosome deletion at 11q23.	two japanese pediatric patients with terminal deletion of the long arm of chromosome 11 are described. both had the morphological abnormalities of the 11q deletion syndrome, such as prominent epicanthal folds, broad flat nasal bridge with short, upturned nose, short philtrum with carp-shaped mouth, cardiac anomalies and nonprogressive moderate psychomotor developmental delay. patient 1 is the first case to be reported with 11q deletion with serial magnetic resonance (mr) examinations of cerebral ...	1994	7523004
cyclic amp-reactive proteins in human saliva.	this study was conducted to compare cyclic amp-reactive proteins (carp), the secretory form of regulatory (r) subunits of cyclic amp-dependent protein kinase (pka), and cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (pde) activity in human whole saliva with that of parotid fluid. additionally, experiments were done to determine whether secretory carp is altered by environmental stimuli. earlier work showed that r subunits are present in parotid fluid and in salivary glands of rats. no previous information ...	1994	7741656
on the role of the escherichia coli integration host factor (ihf) in repression at a distance of the pyrimidine specific promoter p1 of the carab operon.	binding of integration host factor to its target site, centered around nucleotide -305 upstream of the transcription startpoint, exerts antagonistic effects on the expression of p1, the upstream pyrimidine specific promoter of the e coli and s typhimurium carab operons. ihf stimulates p1 promoter activity in minimal medium, but also increases the repressibility of this promoter by pyrimidines. we present evidence strongly suggesting that ihf exerts these effects by modulating the binding of anot ...	1994	7748925
parasites of south african freshwater fish. vii. nematodes of some scaled fishes from the hartbeespoort dam, transvaal.	the nematode parasites of 16 large-scaled yellowfish, barbus marequensis, six silverfish, barbus mattozi, six small-scaled yellowfish, barbus polylepis, 52 canary kurper, chetia flaviventris, 11 carp, cyprinus carpio, 45 mozambique bream, oreochromis mossambicus and a single-banded bream, tilapia sparrmani, caught in the hartbeespoort dam, transvaal, were collected, identified and counted. contracaecum spp. larvae were recovered from one o. mossambicus, 40 chetia flaviventris, three cyprinus car ...	1994	7596571
seasonal and temperature-induced changes in myosin heavy chain composition of crucian carp hearts.	myosin heavy chain isoforms of the ventricular myocardium from crucian carp (carassius carassius l.) hearts were analyzed in different times of the year by gradient sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis [k. a. esser, m. o. boluyt, and t. p. white, am. j. physiol. 255 (heart circ. physiol. 24): h659-h663, 1988]. in winter only one myosin heavy chain type was present, but in summer about one-half of the winter myosin was replaced by more slowly moving summer myosin. the occurre ...	1994	7810767
anoxia and adenosine induce increased cerebral blood flow rate in crucian carp.	the crucian carp (carassius carassius) has the rare ability to survive prolonged anoxia, indicating an extraordinary capacity for glycolytic atp production, especially in a highly energy-consuming organ like the brain. for the brain to be able to increase its glycolytic flux during anoxia and profit from the large liver glycogen store, an increased glucose delivery from the blood would be expected. nevertheless, the effect of anoxia on brain blood flow in crucian carp has never been studied prev ...	1994	8067472
structural order of membranes and composition of phospholipids in fish brain cells during thermal acclimatization.	a comparison of the structural orders of membranes of a mixed brain-cell population isolated from cyprinus carpio l. acclimated to either summer (23-25 degrees c) or winter (5 degrees c) revealed a high degree of compensation (80%) for temperature, as assayed by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. the cells rapidly forget their thermal history and adjust the physical properties of the membranes when shifted to the other extreme of temperature either in vivo or in vitro. phospholipids separated ...	1994	8058786
cloning and sequencing the genes encoding goldfish and carp ependymin.	ependymins (epns) are brain glycoproteins thought to function in optic nerve regeneration and long-term memory consolidation. to date, epn genes have been characterized in two orders of teleost fish. in this study, polymerase chain reactions (pcr) were used to amplify the complete 1.6-kb epn genes, gf-i and cc-i, from genomic dna of cypriniformes, goldfish and carp, respectively. amplified bands were cloned and sequenced. each gene consists of six exons and five introns. the exon portion of gf-i ...	1994	8163195
[cystic changes of the skin caused by dermocystidium koi in koi carp].	skin infection in koi carp by dermocystidium koi is described. symptoms of disease and the parasite are illustrated.	1994	8209371
in vivo inhibition of ache and atpase activities in the tissues of freshwater fish, cyprinus carpio exposed to technical grade cypermethrin.		1994	8167458
effects of water-borne cadmium on the skin of the common carp (cyprinus carpio).	the skin of carp, cyprinus carpio, was studied at the ultrastructural level after exposure of the fish to low and high concentrations of cadmium in the water (22 and 560 micrograms/l, respectively) for different periods. the effects of the low concentration of cadmium were similar to those of the high concentration, although they appeared later. the basal lamina and the skin surface became highly undulating. chloride cells appeared between the pavement cells. necrotic pavement cells were seen fr ...	1994	8161232
megalocornea, developmental retardation and dysmorphic features: two further patients.	two unrelated children are described with megalocornea, mild-moderate developmental delay, mild joint laxity and a similar dysmorphic appearance, comprising a bossed forehead, hypertelorism, a saddle-shaped nose and a carp-shaped mouth with prominent lips. similar abnormalities have been observed in previously reported cases of megalocornea/mental retardation and may help to define one subtype of this heterogeneous group of conditions.	1994	7519950
effect of mercuric chloride and cadmium chloride on gonadal function and its regulation in sexually mature common carp cyprinus carpio.	gonadal function in fish, cyprinus carpio was significantly affected by sublethal doses of mercuric chloride (hgcl2) and cadmium chloride (cdcl2) in chronic (45 days) exposure. parameters investigated were nonesterified (ne) and esterified (e) cholesterol of ovary, liver and serum and ovarian 3 beta-hydroxysteroid and 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzyme activity and serum and pituitary gonadotropin (gth) levels. both the pollutants were able to reduce the hypothalamic extract (he) or gon ...	1994	8024715
carp parvalbumin binds to and directly interacts with the sarcoplasmic reticulum for ca2+ translocation.	interaction between two relaxing factors, the sarcoplasmic reticulum and parvalbumin, in carp fast skeletal muscle was investigated. immunoblotting using an anti-parvalbumin antibody revealed that parvalbumin bound to the light sarcoplasmic reticulum isolated from carp fast skeletal muscle in the presence of ca2+. parvalbumin enhanced ca2+ uptake activity of the light sarcoplasmic reticulum. furthermore, using a photoreactive cross-linker, we detected a protein in the light sarcoplasmic reticulu ...	1994	8123046
seasonal variations in gonadotropin responsiveness, self-priming, and desensitization to gnrh peptides in the common carp pituitary in vitro.	seasonal variations of the gth release response to salmon gnrh (sgnrh) and [d-arg6,pro9net]-sgnrh (sgnrh-a) were investigated in female common carp at different stages of the reproductive cycle using perifused pituitary fragments. the responsiveness to sgnrh and sgnrh-a varied seasonally in common carp pituitaries in vitro, with the greatest gth release response in pituitaries from sexually mature (preovulatory) fish compared to pituitaries from sexually regressed fish. the magnitude of this sea ...	1994	8174932
the complete nucleotide sequence and gene organization of carp (cyprinus carpio) mitochondrial genome.	the complete sequence of the carp mitochondrial genome of 16,575 base pairs has been determined. the carp mitochondrial genome encodes the same set of genes (13 proteins, 2 rrnas, and 22 trnas) as do other vertebrate mitochondrial dnas. comparison of this teleostean mitochondrial genome with those of other vertebrates reveals a similar gene order and compact genomic organization. the codon usage of proteins of carp mitochondrial genome is similar to that of other vertebrates. the phylogenetic re ...	1994	8169959
a myomodulin-carp-related peptide isolated from a polychaete annelid, perinereis vancaurica.	myomodulin-carp-family peptides have been isolated only from molluscs. in the present study, a heptapeptide, ala-met-gly-met-leu-arg-met-nh2, termed pev-myomodulin, was isolated from a polychaete annelid, perinereis vancaurica using the esophagus of the animal as the bioassay system. the sequence of the annelid peptide is highly homologous with those of the myomodulin-carp-family peptides found in molluscs. the annelid peptide is regarded as a member of the myomodulin-carp family, though all the ...	1994	7765183
mesoderm differentiation in explants of carp embryos.	an analysis of carp blastoderm development was carried out in culture after isolation from the yolk cell and its yolk syncytial layer (ysl). the blastoderms were separated from the ysl at four different stages of embryogenesis: the blastula, early epiboly, early gastrula and late gastrula stages. absence of the ysl in explants was checked by scanning electron microscopy. from observations of living embryos and histological examination of tissues which were formed in explants from all stages stud ...	1994	28305813
bioaccumulation of the rare earth elements lanthanum, gadolinium and yttrium in carp (cyprinus carpio).	widespread use of the rare earth elements (rees) in china for agricultural purposes, together with many other applications, has resulted in a remarkable increase of ree concentrations in the environment. the comparative bioaccumulations of representative light, medium and heavy rees in a variety of tissues of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) were investigated for an evaluation of their impacts on aquatic animals. the fish were exposed continuously to solutions containing 0.50 mg litre(-1) of each eleme ...	1994	15091666
effects of prolonged darkness on light responsiveness and spectral sensitivity of cone horizontal cells in carp retina in vivo.	light responses of cone- and rod-driven horizontal cells were recorded intracellularly from opened eyes of intact, immobilized carp and the effects of prolonged darkness on these cells were examined. when the retina was left in the dark, responses of cone horizontal cells to a moderate test flash presented once every 10 min gradually and steadily decreased in size (dark suppression effect). following a repetitive presentation of the test flash, the light responsiveness of the cells was enhanced. ...	1994	8283240
subunit structures of multiple hemoglobins in carp.		1994	8014260
does a natural dnase-actin complex exist in the carp liver cytosol?		1994	7976016
pcna/cyclin expression and brdu uptake define proliferating myosatellite cells during hyperplastic muscle growth of fish (cyprinus carpio l.).	the possibility of detecting in situ proliferating myosatellite cells during postlarval muscle growth in the carp (cyprinus carpio, l.) by means of brdu and pcna (cyclin) immunohistochemistry has been evaluated on paraffin embedded sections. nine subadult stages were defined according to the body length and weight. the fish were injected intraperitoneally with brdu and fixed one hour later. adjacent cross sections mounted on glass slides were incubated with monoclonal antibrdu (1:100) and antipc ...	1994	7524812
differential effects of temperature on macrophages of ectothermic vertebrates.	the role of macrophages in vertebrate defense reactions is especially important at low temperatures, which commonly affect representatives of ectothermic species. the aim of this work was to compare the effects of in vivo thermal acclimation and in vitro assay temperatures on peritoneal macrophages (pms) from fish (carp and goldfish) and amphibians (salamanders and toads). the substratum adherence of pms was undisturbed over the wide range of temperatures experienced by animals in nature. dehydr ...	1994	7996049
[the nutritive value of carp (cyprinus carpio)].	from january 1991 to february 1992 the composition of filleted carps was investigated. special attention was given to a possible correlation to origin and season. the gutted, fresh fish were weighted and only the fillets were used for the investigation. all samples were analysed in duplicate by official methods. the results showed that the protein concentration ranged between 13.0 and 21.9%, the lipids content ranged between 0.3 and 23.9%, moisture ranged between 59.8 and 84.2%, and ash content ...	1994	7716745
involvement of metabotropic and ionotropic glutamate receptors in inositol polyphosphate formation in carp retinal slices.	the contribution of ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors to inositol polyphosphate accumulation in carp retinal slices was investigated using myo-[2-3h]inositol prelabelling. in the presence of the glutamate agonists quisqualate, (rs)-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (ampa) and trans-(+/-)-1-amino-1,3-cyclopentane-dicarboxylic acid (t-acpd), formation of [3h]inositol phosphate was significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner, with ec50 values of 350 nm, ...	1994	7704299
heavy metal intracellular balance and relationship with metallothionein induction in the gills of carp. after contamination by ag, cd, and hg following pretreatment with zn or not.	determination of metal levels (cu, zn, cd, ag, hg) in soluble and insoluble fractions of gill homogenates has been performed after 7 d exposure of carp (cyprinus carpio) to moderate concentrations of cd, ag, and hg in water. metallothionein levels have been quantified by polarographic method before and after contamination and a subsequent decontamination phase (7 d). the influence of pretreatment by zinc (7 d) has also been evaluated. metallothionein level variations have been interpreted as hav ...	1994	7702978
ultrastructure of blood vessels in the head kidney of the carp, cyprinus carpio.	the ultrastructural features of blood vessels were examined by transmission and scanning electron microscopy in the perfused and nonperfused head kidney of the carp. they consisted mainly of the sinusoidal capillaries, arterioles, veins and portal veins. the sinusoidal capillaries were composed of endothelial cells that frequently exhibited large pores and an indistinct basal lamina. some endothelial cells were trabecular in shape and protruded into the lumen. the reticular cells frequently atta ...	1994	7649788
giant catfish pangasianodon gigas growth hormone-encoding cdna: cloning and sequencing by one-sided polymerase chain reaction.	cdna clones encoding giant catfish (pangasianodon gigas) growth hormone (gh) have been isolated using a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) strategy. pairwise combinations of degenerate and general primers allowed for the amplification of regions both 3' and 5' to the point of entry into the message. the amplified pcr products were cloned and sequenced. the cdna sequence was found to encode a polypeptide of 200 amino acids (aa), including a putative signal peptide of 22 aa. the 5' and 3' untranslate ...	1994	7959001
muscle glucose utilization during sustained swimming in the carp (cyprinus carpio).	the involvement of circulatory glucose in the energy provision of skeletal muscle and heart of swimming carp was examined. plasma glucose concentration varied from 3 to 17 mm among individual carp, and estimates of glucose turnover rate (rt) were positively correlated with plasma glucose level in resting fish (range 1.6-6.3 mumol.min-1.kg-1) and in swimming fish (range 4.2-10.7 mumol.min-1.kg-1). carp that were exercised at 80% of their critical swimming speed displayed a twofold higher rt at an ...	1994	7977849
[the effect of the duration of methoxyethylmercury acetate exposure on the lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of carp (cyprinus carpio l.)].	the purpose of this work was to study possible hematological changes in carp (cyprinus carpio l.) which might be induced by the experimental poisoning with metoxyethylmercury acetate which is used as fungicide. the experimental group of fishes was exposed to the named substance which was mixed with the feed during three weeks. the total lymphocytes number decreased in experimental group already at 7th day (p < 0.01), and remained almost at the same level, but considerably lower than the experime ...	1994	7895626
lipid deposition in intestine as a possible cause of malabsorption of nutrients in zinc-deficient common carp (cyprinus carpio).	an experiment was performed to examine the interaction between zn deficiency and lipid intake in carp. the carp were given a high-lipid diet that was either zn-deficient (zd) or zn-supplemented (zs), or were pair-fed (pf) the zs diet to the intake of the zd group. after 8 weeks the carp were killed and measurements were made of intestinal glucose uptake, levels of dna, rna and triacylglycerol, and alkaline phosphatase (ec 3.1.3.1) activity in liver and intestine samples. a further group of simil ...	1994	7530042
mesoderm differentiation in explants of carp embryos.	an analysis of carp blastoderm development was carried out in culture after isolation from the yolk cell and its yolk syncytial layer (ysl). the blastoderms were separated from the ysl at four different stages of embryogenesis: the blastula, early epiboly, early gastrula and late gastrula stages. absence of the ysl in explants was checked by scanning electron microscopy. from observations of living embryos and histological examination of tissues which were formed in explants from all stages stud ...	1994	28305802
substrate concentration affects the in vitro metabolism of 17-hydroxyprogesterone by ovaries of the carp, cyprinus carpio.	carp ovarian tissue was incubated with (3)h-17-hydroxyprogesterone in the presence of 0, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 μg ml(-1) unlabeled 17-hydroxyprogesterone. the pattern of metabolites formed showed a marked variation with substrate concentration. formation of glucuronide and sulphate conjugates was important only at low substrate concentration. at high substrate concentration (10 and 100 μg ml(-1)) 17,20α-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one was the major metabolite, but at intermediate concentrations polar 7α ...	1994	24198211
induced diploid gynogenesis and polyploidy in the ornamental (koi) carp cyprinus carpio l. : 3. optimization of heat-shock timing during the 2nd meiotic division and the 1st cleavage.	the results of a series of experiments conducted in our laboratory on the ornamental common carp (koi), aimed at optimizing heat-shock chromosome-set manipulation procedures, are described. the timing of heat-shock initiation was expressed in the relative unit of embryological age (τ0) in order to standardize this parameter, the absolute time for heat-shock initiation being calculated from duration of one τ0 at two different pre-treatment water temperatures. heat shocks were applied within the p ...	1994	24177842
induced diploid gynogenesis and polyploidy in the ornamental (koi) carp, cyprinus carpio l. : 4. comparative study on the effects of high- and low-temperature shocks.	the effects of high- and low-temperature shock treatments, applied at different phases of the 2nd meiotic division within the limits of 0.05-0.60 τ0 (τ0 = relative unit of embryological age) in order to induce gynogenesis in the common carp, were studied. a remarkable difference in the effect of two temperature treatments applied at the same biological age after insemination (expressed in τ0) was revealed. the curves of embryo survival and diploid gynogenetic larva output showed a bimodal respon ...	1994	24177827
myosin subfragment-1 isoforms having different heavy chain structures from fast skeletal muscle of thermally acclimated carp.	three heavy chain isoforms of chymotryptic myosin subfragment-1 (s1) with different molecular sizes of 96 kda (h1), 94 kda (h2), and 92 kda (h3), were detected in the fast skeletal muscle from thermally acclimated carp. in total, six s1 isoforms were present, including two s1 isoforms for each heavy chain due to associated a1 and a2 light chains. h1 heavy chain was dominant in the 10 degrees c-acclimated carp and responsible for high acto-s1 mg(2+)-atpase activity and low thermostability. in con ...	1994	7883745
molecular cloning of the common carp (cyprinus carpio) rhodopsin cdna.	a recombinant phage clone containing a 1584 nucleotides rhodopsin cdna was screened from a carp retinal cdna library. the inserted dna consisting of a single open reading frame of 1062 nucleotides at positions 72 to 1133 encodes a 354 amino acid polypeptide. the deduced amino acid sequence of carp rhodopsin showed 95.7, 85.5 and 74.4% identity with that of goldfish, sand goby and lamprey, respectively. the sites of palmitoylation, glycosylation, disulfide bond formation and schiff base formation ...	1994	7842230
contaminants in fishes from great lakes-influenced sections and above dams of three michigan rivers. ii: implications for health of mink.	populations of mink (mustela vison) have declined in many areas of the world. such declines have been linked to exposures to synthetic, halogenated hydrocarbons. in the great lakes region, mink are fewer in areas along the shore of the great lakes and their tributaries where mink have access to fish from the great lakes. recently, there has been discussion of the relative merits of passage of fishes around hydroelectric dams on rivers in michigan. a hazard assessment was conducted to determine t ...	1994	8060165
contaminants in fishes from great lakes-influenced sections and above dams of three michigan rivers. i: concentrations of organo chlorine insecticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxin equivalents, and mercury.	fishes of the great lakes contain hazardous chemicals such as synthetic halogenated hydrocarbons and metals. these fish can move from the lakes into the great lakes tributaries of michigan. in doing so, they transport concentrations of contaminants which may represent a risk to wildlife. concentrations of mercury (hg), total polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin equivalents (tcdd-eq), total ddt complex, aldrin, endrin, dieldrin, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, lin ...	1994	8060164
parasexual crosses and hybrid selection with a near haploid variant of the epithelioma papulosum cyprini, cell line epc: a tissue culture model for the analyses of dominance, recessiveness, and complementation of mutant phenotypes.	we describe techniques for insertional mutagenesis of tissue-cultured piscine cells in which we use transfection with g418 and hygromycin b resistance-conferring plasmids, cell matings by electrofusion, and positive selections of fusion hybrids by dual challenge with the antibiotics g418 and hygromycin b. these techniques are designed to facilitate genetic and molecular analyses of tissue-cultured cells. the experiments were conducted with epc-1, a new variant of the carp epithelioma cyprini cel ...	1994	8000480
divergent selection for antibody production in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) using gynogenesis.	a base population (n = 101) of carp, consisting of a single hybrid cross, was immunized with the hapten-carrier complex dnp-klh, to perform a divergent selection for antibody response. measurement of the dnp-specific antibody response at 12 and 21 days postimmunization, allowed the classification of a low number of individual carp as early/high (10%) or late/low (13%) responders. three individuals defined as early/high and three defined as late/low responding, were gynogenetically reproduced to ...	1994	7985841
ultrastructure of nonspecific cytotoxic cells in teleosts. i. effector-target cell binding in a marine and a freshwater species (seabream: sparus aurata l., and carp: cyprinus carpio l.).	fish cytotoxic effectors form a cell population whose ultrastructure and properties of conjugation with target cells have not been completely established. we report the ultrastructure of the nonspecific cytotoxic cells in a seawater teleost (sparus aurata l.) and compare it to a freshwater species (cyprinus carpio l.).	1994	7978369
immunocytochemical analysis of mitogen responses of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) peripheral blood leucocytes.	phytohaemagglutinin (pha) and lipopolysaccharide (lps) responses of surface immunoglobulin-positive (sig+) and surface immunoglobulin-negative (sig-) carp peripheral blood leucocytes (pbl) were studied. sig+ cell-enriched and depleted carp pbl populations (sig+ and sig- cell fractions, respectively) were obtained by magnetic cell sorting (macs) and mitogenic stimulation in vitro was measured by 3h-thymidine incorporation. the mitogen responses of sig+ and sig- cells in non-separated carp pbl cul ...	1994	7975192
similarities and differences between fish oligodendrocytes and schwann cells in vitro.	in light of the striking differences between oligodendrocytes of the optic nerve/tract of adult goldfish and their mammalian counterparts, a further characterization of goldfish oligodendrocytes was performed. a comparison with schwann cells was included because fish optic nerve/tract-derived oligodendrocytes bear remarkable similarities to this type of glial cell. fish optic nerve/tract-derived oligodendrocytes that had differentiated into 04 and 6d2-positive cells and thus expressed early myel ...	1994	7960034
prolactin gene expression and changes of prolactin pituitary level during the seasonal acclimatization of the carp.	the effect of seasonal acclimatization on the extent of prolactin (prl) gene expression and on the content of this was studied in summer- and winter-carp (cyprinus carpio) hormone pituitary glands. prl content in the rostral pars distalis (rpd) was evaluated by immunocytochemistry using antibodies against a cross-linked synthetic peptide comprising the sequence of 15 amino acids which conform to the primary structure of carp prl. to assess the level of prl gene transcription, a 24-mer synthetic ...	1994	7953074
alternate-day steroids affect carpal maturation more than radius, ulna and short bones.	radius, ulna, short bones (rus) and carpal (carp) bone age were assessed in 26 steroid-dependent nephrotic boys after at least 1 year of alternate-day prednisone therapy, and in 26 age- and sex-matched control subjects. no significant difference in rus bone age was found between patients and controls. carp bone age of patients was significantly (p = 0.01) more retarded than in controls. in patients, carp bone age delay was related to their relative height at the time of study (p = 0.01). we conc ...	1994	7947042
space experiment using large-sized fish: in case of carp in spacelab-j mission.	two carp of 26 cm in size, intact and otolith-removed (lb), were flown on the spacelab-j for 8 days in september 12-20, 1992. light-dependent reaction to alternating direction of illumination was recorded for 10 min twice a day together with the cerebellar eeg activity, on 2 days before the launch, during the flight and for 4 days after the landing, in same fish chamber. reproducing the video image, it was revealed that both carp were healthy during the mission, but the lb fish was almost immobi ...	1994	11539537
mimosine-induced cell death and related chromatin changes.	the non-protein amino acid mimosine has recently been shown to induce an unusual mode of cell death that differs from necrosis and apoptosis, the two fundamental schemes of cell death. the drug affects primarily the cell nucleus and induces first condensation of the chromatin into a regular network of fibrils and then gradual decondensation. the present study was performed to evaluate effective mimosine concentrations, time dependency of toxicity, and mimosine-related alterations of the chromati ...	1994	8087796
xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme systems in test fish. v. comparative studies of liver microsomal glucuronyltransferases.	udpg-glucuronyltransferase (gt) activities have been determined in the hepatic microsomes of fish species recommended by oecd for some (eco)toxicological tests. due to the heterogeneity of this enzyme family, different chemicals were used as substrate: 4-nitrophenol (4np), 4 methylumbelliferone (4mu), and 2- and 4-hydroxybiphenyl (2ohb and 4ohb). the 4np-gt and 2ohb-gt activities of hepatic microsomes from all the species were linearly dependent on the substrate concentration (tested concentrati ...	1994	7525213
stimulation of gonadal and germ cell development in larval and juvenile carp (cyprinus carpio l.) by homologous pituitary extract.	the data presented show that in larval carp, gonadal size has increased distinctly after treatment with homologous pituitary extract (pe). moreover, the precocious onset of primordial germ cell proliferation and of sex differentiation into male and female gonads was induced. body weight of treated and control specimens did not differ significantly from each other throughout the experiment. treatment of juvenile carp with homologous pe led also to an increase in gonadal size without concomitant i ...	1994	24202315
[determination of total arsenic in food by borohydride reduction colorimetric method].	a method for determination of total arsenic in food by borohydride reduction colorimetry is presented. after samples' digestion, the arsenic is converted into trivalent arsenic by ki-thiourea under heating when the solution's acidity is more than 1.0mol/l. trivalent arsenic is then reduced by sodium borohydride to arsine gas which can react with agno3 in absorbing solution to form a yellow substance whose maximum absorption wavelength is 400nm. the method was applied to the determination of tota ...	1994	7806208
isolation and stability of partially oxidized intermediates of carp hemoglobin: kinetics of co binding to the mono- and triferric species.	the monoliganded and triliganded forms of the asymmetric valency hybrids of carp hemoglobin were isolated using high-performance liquid chromatography. these partially oxidized hybrids were shown to be sufficiently stable to permit the measurement of the kinetics of co binding. the effects of protons and inositol hexaphosphate on the rates of these reactions were examined. the kinetics of co recombination with these partially oxidized derivatives were compared to the kinetics of co binding to th ...	1994	8180217
carp macrophages and neutrophilic granulocytes secrete an interleukin-1-like factor.	carp, cyprinus carpio l, macrophages and neutrophilic granulocytes obtained from pronephros were cultured. supernatant was harvested after 48 h and tested for interleukin-1 (il-1) bioactivity. a concentration-dependent stimulation of proliferation was found of carp ig- lymphocytes as well as of the murine il-1 dependent d10 (n4) m cell line. a 4 h treatment of cells with phorbol myristate acetate prior to culture gave a two- to fourfold enhancement of the bioactivity in the supernatant. antibodi ...	1995	7615138
pyrimidine regulation of the escherichia coli and salmonella typhimurium carab operons: carp and integration host factor (ihf) modulate the methylation status of a gatc site present in the control region.	by measuring the protection against dam methylase modification of a gatc sequence located 106 bp upstream of the startpoint of promoter p1 in the control region of the carab operon (encoding carbamoylphosphate synthetase) we have obtained evidence for a direct correlation between the degree of in vivo occupancy of a specific regulatory target site and the repressibility of the p1 promoter by pyrimidine residues. a high uridine nucleotide pool as well as binding of the carp (alias xerb/pepa) gene ...	1995	7616563
carp, involved in pyrimidine regulation of the escherichia coli carbamoylphosphate synthetase operon encodes a sequence-specific dna-binding protein identical to xerb and pepa, also required for resolution of colei multimers.	the carp gene involved in pyrimidine-specific regulation of the upstream p1 promoter of the escherichia coli carab operon has been cloned in vivo on a mini-mu replicon, sequenced and shown to be identical to the xerb (pepa) gene encoding aminopeptidase a, a protein also involved in the xer-mediated site-specific recombination at colei cer. the trans-dominant allele carp6 was cloned as well and shown to bear a single g-->a transition that converts the tgg codon (trp473) into a tag amber stop codo ...	1995	7616564
immunolabelling of fish host molecules on the tegumental surface of ligula intestinalis (cestoda: pseudophyllidea).	immunoblotting, sds-page and western blotting procedures were used to demonstrate cross-reactivity of a polyclonal anti-carp igm antibody with components of roach serum. the polyclonal antibody labelled 2 major bands in both immune and normal roach sera corresponding to molecular masses of approximately 90 and 65 kda. one of these bands (65 kda) was considered to be heavy chain of fish immunoglobulin whilst the identity of the other remains uncertain. this cross-reaction has been exploited in im ...	1995	7622332
characterization of gamma-crystallin from a catfish: structural characterization of one major isoform with high methionine by cdna sequencing.	gamma-crystallin is the major and most abundant lens protein present in the eye lens of most teleostean fishes. to facilitate structural characterization of gamma-crystallins isolated from the lens of the catfishes (clarias fuscus), a cdna mixture was synthesized from the poly(a)+mrna isolated from fresh eye lenses, and amplification by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was adopted to obtain cdnas encoding various gamma-crystallins. plasmids of transformed e. coli strain jm109 containing amplified ...	1995	7627123
aii amacrine cell population in the rabbit retina: identification by parvalbumin immunoreactivity.	parvalbumin (pv) is a calcium-binding protein localized to selected neurons in the nervous system, including the retina. this investigation evaluated the distribution of pv immunoreactivity in the rabbit retina using immunohistochemistry with a monoclonal antibody directed to carp pv. in the inner nuclear layer (inl), pv immunoreactivity was present in horizontal and amacrine cells. in the ganglion cell layer, pv immunostaining was confined to somata that are likely to be both displaced amacrine ...	1995	7629307
a human factor that recognizes dna substituted with 2-chloroadenine, an antileukemic purine analog.	2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine (cladribine), an analog of deoxyadenosine, is an important new drug for the treatment of hairy cell leukemia and other forms of adult and pediatric leukemia. by a gel-shift binding assay, we identified an activity in hela nuclear extracts that recognizes and binds to oligonucleotides substituted with 2-chloroadenine (clade). the activity was specific for clade residues because control oligomers did not readily compete out the complex. the binding factor was a monomeric ...	1995	7646763
the use of recombinant gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) growth hormone for radioiodination and standard preparation in radioimmunoassay.	a gilthead sea bream growth hormone (sbgh) obtained by cloning and expression of sbgh cdna was used to develop a sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay (ria). iodination of recombinant sbgh (rsbgh) was performed by the classical chloramine-t method. specific antiserum, raised in rabbits, was added in a final dilution of 1/36,000. the minimum detectable dose was 30 pg, and the midrange of the assay (ed50) was 275 pg. intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation (cv) were 3.3 and 5.8% at ed50 ...	1995	7669108
synergism of gh and igf-i in stimulation of sulphate uptake by teleostean branchial cartilage in vitro.	the combined effects of teleostean gh and human igf-i in the regulation of teleost branchial cartilage growth were examined. ceratobranchial cartilages were dissected from the common carp (cyprinus carpio) and maintained in a defined culture medium supplemented with recombinant striped bass gh (sbgh), human ifg-i (higf-i) or both, and the uptake of [35s]sulphate by cartilage explants was measured. sbgh alone in the culture medium did not exhibit a significant stimulatory effect on the uptake of ...	1995	7490539
effect of exposure to malachite green solution on common carp fry with dactylogyrus vastator (monogenea) infection.	in five experiments, common carp (cyprinus carpio) fry with dactylogyrus vastator (monogenea) infection of different severity, as well as parasite-free fry, were placed into aquaria containing malachite green solution of 0.5-10 mg/l concentration. most of the fish died within 6 hours. the correlation between the time of death and helminth infection was studied. the experiments demonstrated that in malachite green solution the carp with the heaviest helminth infection died first while the less se ...	1995	7491866
structural and biochemical remodelling in catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy: comparative and ontogenetic aspects.	excessive release or administration of beta-mimetic catecholamines may induce cardiomegaly, necrotic lesions and accumulation of connective tissue in the heart of adult homoiotherms. it was examined here whether similar changes can also be observed at different stages of evolution of the cardiovascular system, i.e. in poikilotherms and in homoiotherms during embryonic life. sensitivity of the poikilothermic hearts (carp, frog, turtle) to isoproterenol (ipro) was significantly lower than in the h ...	1995	7494559
development of position-independent expression vectors and their transfer into transgenic fish.	many genes have been transferred into fish for scientific and aquacultural purposes. we have been developing expression vectors containing regulatory sequences from the carp beta-actin gene enhancer/promoter for expression of genes or cdnas in transgenic fish. expression from these vectors varies over a 20-fold range in zebrafish, beginning within 12 hours of fertilization and continuing for at least two weeks. expression can be found in nearly all tissues. the vectors have the following charact ...	1995	7749466
interstitial deletion of 8q21-->22 associated with minor anomalies, congenital heart defect, and dandy-walker variant.	we describe an infant with a deletion of 8q21-->22 who had distinct clinical manifestations including minor facial anomalies, a congenital heart defect, a dandy-walker variant, and mild to moderate developmental delay. her facial characteristics included small, wide-spaced eyes, asymmetric bilateral epicanthal folds, a broad nasal bridge, a "carp-shaped" mouth, micrognathia, and prominent, apparently low-set ears. three other reports describe children with larger proximal deletions of 8q that in ...	1995	7747796
recognition of surface antigens on spermatozoa of the common carp (cyprinus carpio l., teleostei) using monoclonal antibodies and scanning electron microscopy.	the distribution of antigenic determinants, recognized by seven anti-carp spermatozoa monoclonal antibodies (mabs) and two anti-carp spermatogonia mabs were studied using fresh, unfixed carp spermatozoa. the location of the antigenic determinants was analysed in light- and in scanning electron microscopy, in the latter with the backscattered imaging mode. with all seven anti-carp spermatozoa mabs a similar regular distribution of the immuno-gold labeling was present on heads, midpieces and tails ...	1995	7536015