Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| isolation of environment-derived mycobacterium leprae from soil in bombay. | 1986 | 3553812 | |
| investigations into the cultivation of mycobacterium leprae. a multifactorial approach. | 1986 | 3553813 | |
| a cooperative taxonomic study of mycobacteria isolated from armadillos infected with mycobacterium leprae. | seventeen strains of mycobacteria, recovered from six armadillos experimentally infected with mycobacterium leprae, were examined in ten different laboratories. this collaborative study included use of conventional bacteriological tests, lipid analyses, determination of mycobactins and peptidoglycans, characterization by py-ms, and immunological, metabolic, pathological and dna studies. these armadillo-derived mycobacteria (adm) formed five homogeneous groups (numbered adm 1 to 5) on the basis o ... | 1986 | 3305778 |
| [resistance of mycobacterium leprae to dapsone and rifampicin: apropos of a survey carried out in the cape verde region (senegal)]. | since 1983, primary resistance of m. leprae to dds and rifampicin has been evaluated in new cases of lepromatous leprosy observed in the cap-verde region in senegal. out of the 13 strains isolated, 10 (77%) have been found resistant to dds, 7 at low level, 2 at intermediate level, 1 at high level; all of them have been found sensible to rifampicin. similar results have been obtained with 57 strains isolated from patients not yet treated coming from different geographical areas, seeing that 37, i ... | 1987 | 3306248 |
| experimental leprosy in a rhesus monkey: necropsy findings. | a 6-month-old male rhesus monkey (macaca mulatta) was inoculated intravenously and intracutaneously with mycobacterium leprae obtained from a naturally infected mangabey monkey. the animal developed generalized lepromatous leprosy, and was killed for pathological examination 56 months after inoculation. lesions were observed in the skin, nasal mucosa, peripheral nerves, and peripheral lymph nodes, with relative sparing of viscera. the monkey was carefully evaluated for the retrovirus stlv-iii in ... | 1987 | 3559334 |
| metabolism of mycobacterium leprae in macrophages. | the incorporation of 14c-labeled palmitic acid ( [u-14c]pa) into the phenolic glycolipid-i (pgl-i) fraction of mycobacterium leprae was studied in a murine macrophage system in vitro. peritoneal macrophages from swiss webster mice were infected with fresh viable or formalin-killed m. leprae harvested from infected footpads of nu/nu mice, and [u-14c]pa was added to the culture medium. labeled glycolipid synthesized by live m. leprae was fractionated on a florisil-silicic acid column and identifie ... | 1987 | 3552993 |
| cellular and humoral immune response to a phenolic glycolipid antigen (phengl-i) in patients with leprosy. | the ability of phenolic glycolipid i (phengl-i) of mycobacterium leprae to stimulate in vitro lymphocyte proliferation (lp) was tested in cultures of peripheral blood cells from 42 patients with leprosy in chicago and thailand, 9 individuals with household contact in thailand, and 10 unexposed north american controls. only 10 responders (24%) were found among the patients, and the degree of lp was small. responders were found among patients with lepromatous (18%) or tuberculoid (30%) leprosy wit ... | 1987 | 3553227 |
| analysis of monoclonal antibodies to mycobacterium leprae by crossed immunoelectrophoresis. | monoclonal antibodies to mycobacterium leprae were characterized in crossed immunoelectrophoresis and showed markedly different patterns of reactivity with m. leprae lines 2, 7 and 11 respectively. line 7 corresponds to a cell wall-associated macromolecular complex containing lipid, polysaccharide, and two distinct 36 k and 65 k proteins. | 1987 | 3547616 |
| genetic epidemiology of the susceptibility to leprosy. | to test the hypothesis that genetic factors are operative in the predisposition to leprosy (hansen's disease) in humans, a genetic epidemiologic investigation was performed on 269 leprosy kindreds containing 552 affected individuals from an isolated population in papua new guinea. the community, and not the family, was the basic social unit. leprosy, an infectious disease, was not communal but strongly familial within the karimui. segregation analysis, to determine whether a major gene for the s ... | 1987 | 3549780 |
| in vitro proliferation of lymphocytes from human volunteers vaccinated with armadillo-derived, killed m. leprae. | a killed, armadillo-derived mycobacterium leprae vaccine was examined for its ability to induce cell-mediated responsiveness in purified protein derivative (ppd)-positive volunteers residing in a nonendemic country using the lymphocyte transformation test (ltt). a marked increase in the proliferative responses to a m. leprae-soluble antigen preparation was observed in the two groups which were vaccinated with the highest doses of the vaccine, i.e., 1.5 x 10(8) and 5 x 10(8) bacilli. this increas ... | 1987 | 3549938 |
| enhanced cell-mediated immune responses in erythema nodosum leprosum reactions of leprosy. | cell-mediated immune (cmi) responses were measured in 39 lepromatous, 44 erythema nodosum leprosum (enl), and 22 post-enl patients. the leukocyte migration inhibition test was used to measure cmi responses to mitogen phytohemagglutinin-p (pha), crossreacting antigen purified protein derivative (ppd) of tuberculin, and armadillo-derived whole and sonicate mycobacterium leprae. "early t" lymphocytes of the peripheral blood were also enumerated using the rosetting technique. significantly enhanced ... | 1987 | 3549939 |
| activities of pefloxacin and ciprofloxacin against mycobacterium leprae in the mouse. | because ciprofloxacin and pefloxacin are fluoroquinolones active against many mycobacterial species, both drugs were tested against mycobacterium leprae in the mouse foot-pad system. preliminary pharmacokinetic studies in the mouse showed that after a single oral dose of 150 mg/kg ciprofloxacin the peak serum concentration was 3.6 micrograms/ml, and after 50 mg/kg or 150 mg/kg pefloxacin peak serum concentrations were, respectively, 9.2 micrograms/ml and 16.9 micrograms/ml, the half-lives for se ... | 1987 | 3549940 |
| further studies of the killing of m. leprae by aminoglycosides: reduced dosage and frequency of administration. | the bactericidal activity of the aminoglycoside antibiotics streptomycin and kanamycin for mycobacterium leprae in mice was assessed, both alone and in combination with rifampin, utilizing various dosage schedules. as in previous studies, 100 mg/kg five times weekly of streptomycin and kanamycin resulted, respectively, in 96% +/- 2% and 89% +/- 6% bactericide. reducing the dosage of streptomycin to 50 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg, and even 12.5 mg/kg resulted in less but significant bactericidal activity. su ... | 1987 | 3549941 |
| events surrounding the recognition of mycobacterium leprae in nerves. | histological examination and immunocytochemistry of schwann cells, macrophages, and mycobacterial antigen were used to study 48 nerves of untreated patients with leprosy. none of the patients was in reaction clinically, but microreactions, involving small clusters of schwann cells and macrophages in all cases except ll, were marked by progressive degradation of acid-fast bacilli (afb). this was thought to be the response to the recognition of mycobacterial antigen. in the first phase, the disint ... | 1987 | 3549942 |
| macrophage chemotaxis in mycobacterium leprae infected mice. | 1987 | 3596680 | |
| an investigation of family size and birth order as risk factors in leprosy. | to investigate if early exposure to mycobacterium leprae is a factor determining development of hansen's disease in general, or of a particular form of the disease, we have studied the sibship size and birth order distribution of 187 leprosy cases and 528 hospitalized control patients. by the greenwood-yule analysis, a small deficit of cases in the earlier birth order in the tuberculoid form was observed. such a deficit was not observed in lepromatous leprosy patients. in the multivariate analys ... | 1987 | 3655461 |
| social and demographic aspects of a leprosy epidemic on a polynesian atoll: implications of pattern. | this study reports the results of field research on a leprosy epidemic among the kapingamarangi people, polynesians living in two communities on ponape island and kapingamarangi atoll in the federated states of micronesia. the patterns of infection in the two communities are seen to replicate in detail patterns of personal mobility by age and gender and patterns of kinship and friendship relations that order people's social interactions in the communities. these patterns of demographic and socia ... | 1987 | 3655462 |
| biochemical characteristics and fatty acid compositions of some armadillo-derived mycobacteria and their relation to mycobacterium gordonae. | the long-chain components of 75 strains of mycobacteria, cultivated from mycobacterium leprae-infected or non-infected armadillos, and of eight clinical and 15 environmental isolates of m. gordonae, were compared. four major groups could be distinguished based on the presence of 10-methyloctadecanoic (tuberculostearic) and 2-methyl 3-hydroxyeicosanoic acids and secondary alcohols (2-octadecanol and 2-eicosanol). some heterogeneity was found in strains assigned to m. gordonae: the characteristic ... | 1987 | 3655731 |
| effective prophylactic measures against accidental inoculation with live mycobacterium leprae in laboratory and hospital workers. | 1987 | 3669870 | |
| lepromatous placentitis and intrauterine fetal infection in lepromatous nine-banded armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus). | three pregnant lepromatous armadillos along with the three sets of four fetuses and their placentae were studied histopathologically. mycobacterium leprae were present in the decidual tissue, trophoblastic cells which line the chorionic villi, and in the cells that form the internal structure of the villi. acid-fast organisms were also seen in the spleens of three fetuses. congenital infection is clearly possible in leprosy in the armadillo and may also occur in humans. | 1987 | 3795871 |
| phenolic glycolipid-i of mycobacterium leprae induces general suppression of in vitro concanavalin a responses unrelated to leprosy type. | using a costimulant assay, in vitro con a responses of patients across the leprosy spectrum were found to be markedly suppressed by phenolic glycolipid-i (pgl-i), a unique antigen of m. leprae. the degree of inducible suppression as well as the number of leprosy patients showing suppression of mitogenic responses was higher with pgl-i as compared with integral m. leprae (p less than 0.05 to less than 0.01). both untreated lepromatous (60%) as well as tuberculoid leprosy (67%) patients showed sig ... | 1987 | 3540178 |
| exochelin-mediated iron acquisition by the leprosy bacillus, mycobacterium leprae. | exochelins, water-soluble siderophores of mycobacteria, were isolated and partially purified from culture filtrates of iron-deficiently grown cultures of mycobacterium neoaurum nctc 10439 and an armadillo-derived mycobacterium (adm 8563). two biologically active fractions mediating iron uptake were isolated from each bacterium which not only were able to transport iron into the producing organism but also into suspensions of mycobacterium leprae isolated from armadillo liver. the rate of exochel ... | 1987 | 3309144 |
| detection of trehalose monomycolate in mycobacterium leprae grown in armadillo tissues. | trehalose-6-monomycolate (tmm) was isolated from the lipids of armadillo-derived mycobacterium leprae. only meagre amounts of this glycolipid were recovered, but its structure was unequivocally established. only alpha-mycolates were detected in the tmm by 252cf plasma desorption mass spectrometry. electron impact mass spectrometry showed the alpha branch to be principally c20. trehalose dimycolate (cord factor) was not detectable. since we have also found tmm in m. lepraemurium and in every myco ... | 1987 | 3309145 |
| peptidoglycan and arabinogalactan of mycobacterium leprae. | the arabinogalactan and peptidoglycan of armadillo-grown mycobacterium leprae were examined. within the limits defined by the small amount of material available, the resemblance of these polymers to those of other mycobacteria was confirmed. the polymers were linked by a highly acid-labile bond and the arabinogalactan was itself acid-labile; free arabinose and a variety of oligosaccharides containing both arabinose and galactose, as well as polysaccharide and peptidoglycan, were released by dilu ... | 1987 | 3309180 |
| unexpected findings amongst the skin test responses to mycobacteria of bcg vaccinated kuwaiti school children. | a multiple skin test survey was carried out in kuwait on 1200 school children aged 8-11 years, and on 1228 children aged 12-16 years. with only 15 exceptions, all these children had received vaccination with japanese bcg just before they started school, 5 years and 9 years earlier respectively. tuberculin positivity was almost 90% in both groups, with a mean response size of 8.7 mm. this was associated with remarkably high responsiveness to many of the other mycobacterial species investigated. s ... | 1987 | 3310346 |
| experimental leprosy in african green monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops): a model for polyneuritic leprosy. | three african green monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops) were inoculated intravenously and intracutaneously with mycobacterium leprae derived from a naturally infected mangabey monkey. all developed cutaneous lesions at inoculation sites. one developed disseminated cutaneous lesions, while the cutaneous lesions in the other two regressed and eventually disappeared. the animals were examined at necropsy five years after inoculation. all three had active leprosy infection in peripheral nerves with ext ... | 1987 | 3310689 |
| human t cell proliferative responses to particulate microbial antigens are supported by populations enriched in dendritic cells. | the efficacy of dendritic cells in antigen presentation was studied in eight healthy subjects using a lymphoproliferation assay. both particulate (mycobacterium leprae, h37ra) and soluble (ppd, tetanus toxoid) bacterial antigens were used as stimulants over a concentration range of accessory cells (monocytes (mo) and dendritic cells (dc)) varying from 10 to 0.1% in co-cultures using t-enriched cells. in general, co-cultures with t + mo and t + dc at all concentrations of accessory cells showed s ... | 1987 | 3311498 |
| most mycobacterium leprae carbohydrate-reactive monoclonal antibodies are directed to lipoarabinomannan. | each of more than 30 monoclonal antibodies that had been raised against mycobacterium leprae and previously classified as reactive with carbohydrate was shown to be directed against lipoarabinomannan, a prominent, highly pervasive, myo-inositol-phosphate-containing, cross-reactive antigen within the leprosy bacillus. some of the antibodies preferentially bound to the lipopolysaccharide of m. leprae rather than to that of mycobacterium tuberculosis, suggesting the presence of distinguishing struc ... | 1987 | 3312018 |
| the potential role of dna technology in leprosy. | 1987 | 3312894 | |
| primary dapsone resistance in bamako and chingleput: final report; thelep. subcommittee on clinical trials of the chemotherapy of leprosy (thelep) scientific working group of the undp/world bank/who special programme for research and training in tropical diseases. | 1987 | 3312895 | |
| studies of reactivity of some sri lankan population groups to antigens of mycobacterium leprae. ii. reactivity to a soluble protein antigen. | 1987 | 3312896 | |
| immunological effects of lepromin testing in sri lankan population groups. ii. effect on reactivity to a soluble protein antigen of mycobacterium leprae. | 1987 | 3312897 | |
| serodiagnosis of leprosy with pgl-1 using elisa technique. | 1987 | 3315988 | |
| mycobacterium leprae surface components intervene in the early phagosome-lysosome fusion inhibition event. | bone marrow-derived cultured macrophages were infected with mycobacterium leprae. the bacteria were either used as freshly isolated organisms or incubated with m. leprae antiserum (1:5) for 30 min prior to phagocytosis. immediately after inoculation (1 to 4 h) and at 1 to 8 days later, macrophages were stained for acid phosphatase activity to assess fusions between phagosomes and lysosomes. inhibition of fusions was essentially apparent as an early event, which was partially reversed by antiseru ... | 1987 | 3316028 |
| immunopurification of radiolabelled antigens of mycobacterium leprae and mycobacterium bovis (bacillus calmette-guerin) with monoclonal antibodies. | radiolabelled sonicate of mycobacterium leprae when examined by sds-page and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-de) contained fewer antigens than the comparable sonicate from m. bovis (bacillus calmette-guerin) (bcg). a solid-phase immunopurification assay with anti-m. leprae monoclonal antibodies (moab) was used to characterize four of these antigens. three of the moab were m. leprae-specific and with them antigens with apparent molecular weights (mr) of 12,000 (12k), 18k, and 35k were isol ... | 1987 | 3306906 |
| suppression of delayed hypersensitivity skin reactions to tuberculin by m. leprae antigens in patients with lepromatous and tuberculoid leprosy. | delayed hypersensitivity skin reactions to tuberculin when injected alone or in mixture with antigens of m. leprae were examined in leprosy patients and in healthy controls. the tuberculin reaction was significantly inhibited in more than one half of both ll and bt patients by the soluble extract of m. leprae (leprosin), the leprosin derived 12 kd protein or leprosin depleted of the 12 kd antigen. however, suppression was not found in healthy controls from a leprosy endemic region. these results ... | 1987 | 3308210 |
| limiting dilution analysis of the human t cell response to mycobacterial antigens from bcg vaccinated individuals and leprosy patients. | the number of peripheral blood t lymphocytes responding to soluble mycobacterial antigens from mycobacterium tuberculosis purified protein derivative (ppd) and m. leprae (mls) was estimated by limiting dilution analysis. antigen-induced lymphocyte activation was measured by means of [3h]tdr incorporation on day 10 of culture in the presence of suboptimal concentrations of interleukin 2 (il-2). in the peripheral blood of bcg-vaccinated individuals from the uk, the frequency of t lymphocytes respo ... | 1987 | 3308217 |
| clinical applications of recent advances in immunology of leprosy. | 1987 | 3309081 | |
| vaccines in leprosy. | 1987 | 3309082 | |
| multi-drug therapy in leprosy. | 1987 | 3309084 | |
| metabolic studies on mycobacteria. iii. demonstration of key enzymes of tca cycle in m. leprae. | cell free extracts of armadillo derived m. leprae, m. phlei, m. smegmatis and normal armadillo liver were analysed for the two key enzymes of tca cycle. aconitase activity was assayed in the presence of inhibitor fluorocitrate and it was observed that cell free extracts from cultivable mycobacteria as well as aramadillo derived m. leprae had this enzyme activity and 66-82% of this activity was inhibited by 0.1 mm fluorocitrate. 74% of m. leprae derived enzyme activity was inhibited by fluorocitr ... | 1987 | 3309085 |
| metabolic studies on mycobacteria. v. a preliminary report on the atp synthesis by mycobacteria including m. leprae by using different substrates. | by deletion and addition of various substrates in sauton's and dubos media, an experimental system has been standardised in which the role of various nutrients in the energy synthesis of mycobacteria can be determined. by using this system with cultivable mycobacteria it was observed that glycerol and asparagine are the important ingredients for atp synthesis by mycobacteria. glucose further enhanced the atp synthesis and growth of these mycobacteria. in the media containing asparagine or glycer ... | 1987 | 3309086 |
| treatment of chronic erythema nodosum leprosum with cyclosporine a produces clinical and immunohistologic remission. | we have treated three leprosy patients suffering from chronic, steroid-dependent erythema nodosum leprosum (enl) with cyclosporine a (csa). excellent results were obtained in two patients. extra-cutaneous manifestations of the reactional state were completely suppressed, and the development of new skin lesions was sharply curtailed. immunohistologic abnormalities characteristic of active enl were corrected. lymphocyte subpopulations and anti-mycobacterial antibody levels in peripheral blood were ... | 1987 | 3309088 |
| primary visceral virchowian (lepromatous) hanseniasis. | a case of primary visceral virchowian hanseniasis is presented. the onset and symptoms of the disease made one think that it was a lymphoma because of the severe enlargement of the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes. biopsies of the liver, lymph nodes, and bone marrow revealed virchowian infiltration with acid-fast bacilli and globi. the skin was free of lesions and negative to bacilli, and there were no neural symptoms. | 1987 | 3309089 |
| an ultrastructural study of dermal nerves in early human leprosy. | skin biopsies from the cutaneous lesions of seven patients with indeterminate, bt, bl, and ll leprosy of less than 1 year's duration were examined by light and electron microscopy. inflammatory cells, which marked the location of mycobacterium leprae in bacilliferous cases (bl and ll) were most frequently and consistently found in relation to dermal blood vessels, neurovascular bundles, nerves, arrector pili muscles, and skin adnexa. the number of bacilli and inflammatory cells in the epineurium ... | 1987 | 3309090 |
| investigations into cultivation of m. leprae in a nasal mucus medium: a preliminary report. | 1987 | 3309092 | |
| schwann cells and m. leprae. | 1987 | 3309093 | |
| microbe dependence of mycobacterium leprae: a possible intracellular relationship with protozoa. | 1987 | 3309094 | |
| transmission of leprosy. | 1987 | 3302059 | |
| seroepidemiological studies in subsided cases of multi and paucibacillary types of leprosy using fla-abs test. | fla-abs test was carried out in 145 subsided cases of multibacillary (bl/ll) and 197 subsided cases of paucibacillary (tt/bt/i) types. the period of subsidence varied from 0-5 years or more. it was observed that percentage positivity decreases with the subsidence of the disease. in multibacillary cases, fla-abs positivity was 95% (active cases), 50% (after 1 year of subsidence) and 36% (after 5 years of subsidence) whereas in paucibacillary types fla-abs positivity was 80% (active cases), 34% (a ... | 1987 | 3302060 |
| skin smear examination in relation to multidrug therapy campaigns. | 1987 | 3302062 | |
| bacterial index: ridley's vs. dharmendra's scale. | 1987 | 3302063 | |
| studies of reactivity of some sri lankan population groups to antigens of mycobacterium leprae. i. reactivity to lepromin a. | 1987 | 3302577 | |
| seroreactivity against the mycobacterium leprae phenolic glycolipid i in mycobacteria infected or stimulated groups of individuals. | 1987 | 3302578 | |
| india carries out large-scale tests of anti-leprosy vaccine. | 1987 | 3302728 | |
| the relationship between reactivities to lepromin a (fernandez and mitsuda) and a soluble protein antigen of mycobacterium leprae. | three methods of evaluation were used to investigate the relationship between skin test reactions elicited by different antigens of mycobacterium leprae. the latter were the fernandez and mitsuda reactions to lepromin, and that to a soluble protein antigen (spa) of m. leprae. all three methods of evaluation demonstrated some degree of relationship though not as high as would be expected. the closest correlation was between mitsuda and spa reactions; while fernandez and mitsuda, and fernandez and ... | 1987 | 3304321 |
| dominant cell wall proteins of mycobacterium leprae recognized by monoclonal antibodies. | a cell wall fraction of mycobacterium leprae has enhanced potency in activating immune t cells. by using a panel of monoclonal antibodies (moab), the dominant immunogen in this preparation was shown to be a complex of proteins of apparent molecular weight (mr) 65 to 50 kd with a major antigen of 65 kd. antigen capture assays supported the results of immunoblots and elisa that this protein was concentrated in the cell wall. by varying the moab used as capture or tracer antibody, one of the three ... | 1987 | 3304738 |
| [peripheral nerve lesions of experimental leprosy in monkeys. iv. relationship between progress of histopathological findings and anatomical location of peripheral nerves]. | 1987 | 3149270 | |
| the first joint thelep-sasakawa memorial health foundation workshop on experimental chemotherapy of leprosy. | 1987 | 3125288 | |
| towards new leprosy and tuberculosis vaccines. | leprosy and tuberculosis are chronic infectious diseases causing major global health problems, for which no effective control by vaccination has been achieved. recent advances in biotechnology may facilitate the design of a new vaccine generation. in this paper the need for, and the potential of, leprosy and tuberculosis vaccines are discussed. | 1987 | 3155274 |
| surveillance for naturally acquired leprosy in a nine-banded armadillo population. | samples from 77 nine-banded armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus) inhabiting a 16.7 km portion of the east atchafalaya river levee, point coupee parish, louisiana, were serologically tested and/or histopathologically examined for evidence of naturally acquired leprosy. five of 67 (7.5%) armadillos tested sero-positive with elisa test for igm class antibodies to the phenolic-glycolipid-1 antigen of mycobacterium leprae. one of 74 (1.3%) was histopathologically positive as determined by presence of ac ... | 1987 | 3295310 |
| beta-lactamase synthesis in mycobacterium leprae. | beta-lactam antibiotics are not active against mycobacterium leprae. the enzyme beta-lactamase mediates the most common form of bacterial resistance to penicillins and cephalosporins. cell-free extracts of purified suspensions of m. leprae were examined for beta-lactamase. the bacteria were prepared from the tissues of experimentally-infected nine-banded armadillos. most of the suspensions were inactive. however, the bacteria obtained from the tissues of armadillos treated with penicillin g benz ... | 1987 | 3295489 |
| mycobacterial antigen detection by immunohistochemistry in pulmonary tuberculosis. | a preliminary diagnosis of tuberculosis can be established by the detection of acid-fast bacilli (afb) and confirmed by culture of the microorganism. to evaluate an alternative method of diagnosis, the distribution of mycobacterial antigens in lung tissue specimens was characterized by an indirect peroxidase-antiperoxidase method and was compared to the detection of afb by ziehl-neelsen stain. histologic specimens were obtained from 59 hospital patients. of nine patients with mycobacterial disea ... | 1987 | 3297995 |
| activity of minocycline in mycobacterium leprae-infected mice. | 1987 | 3298454 | |
| assessment of the immune deficit in leprosy patients and the effect of recombinant il-2 in vitro. | although the mechanism of immunologic unresponsiveness in lepromatous leprosy remains unknown, it has been shown that interleukin-2 (il-2) production is defective in these patients. peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) were isolated from treated (less than 16 months) and untreated leprosy patients as well as household contacts; age, sex, ethnically matched control subjects; and laboratory staff. pbmc were cultured for 6 days with sonicated mycobacterium leprae (1-10 micrograms/ml), dharmend ... | 1987 | 3298472 |
| defective monocyte chemotaxis in active lepromatous leprosy. | this study of monocyte chemotaxis in leprosy patients showed a significant inverse correlation (p less than 0.05) of chemotaxis and the bacterial index (bi) (n = 22). in addition, there was a significant inverse correlation (p less than 0.05) between chemotaxis and the serum levels of anti-phenolic glycolipid-i igm antibodies (n = 20). patients taking thalidomide who had a bi greater than or equal to 1 had a significantly greater (p less than 0.001) chemotaxis response than that of patients with ... | 1987 | 3298473 |
| sensitivity and specificity of the fla-abs test for leprosy in mexican populations. | the epidemiological surveillance for leprosy must include several clinical and laboratory procedures. the fla-abs test of abe could be a useful tool for this purpose because it allows the demonstration of an effective contact with mycobacterium leprae. in order to establish the specificity, sensitivity, and predictability of the fla-abs test under mexican conditions, we studied sera collected from six groups of individuals: 60 healthy donors from a nonendemic area, 57 cases hospitalized for cond ... | 1987 | 3298474 |
| immunization of mice with mycobacterium leprae/mycobacterium bovis bcg admixtures: modulation of the acquired response to bcg. | the generation of acquired immunity to bcg in mice was compared to that in animals receiving an admixture of bcg and killed mycobacterium leprae. no significant qualitative differences were observed between the two groups in terms of their generation of delayed sensitivity, of protective t cells, and of immunological memory. in addition, the admixture was as effective as bcg in conferring protective immunity against certain nontuberculous mycobacteria, and in one case, that of m. avium 706, sign ... | 1987 | 3298475 |
| ability of the phenolic glycolipid-i antigen of m. leprae to elicit a positive mitsuda response in the armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus). | three lepromin-positive armadillos and three lepromin-negative armadillos were tested intradermally with 100 micrograms of phenolic glycolipid-i (pgl-i) in 0.1 ml of normal saline. positive delayed-hypersensitivity granulomas at 21 days in the lepromin-positive animals and negative responses in the lepromin-negative animals were obtained. these observations suggest that purified pgl-i is capable of eliciting cell-mediated immune or delayed-hypersensitivity responses in animals sensitized to myco ... | 1987 | 3298476 |
| activity of selected beta-lactam antibiotics against mycobacterium leprae. | twelve beta-lactam antibiotics were tested for activity against mycobacterium leprae growing in the foot pads of mice. two cephalosporins (7-aminocephalosporanic acid and cefuroxime) and one cephamycin (cefoxitin) showed significant activity against m. leprae, and one penicillin (mezlocillin) exerted possible growth-promoting activity. these results suggest that particular molecular structures may be required for activity against m. leprae. | 1987 | 3298478 |
| effect of interleukin-1 (il-1) and il-2 on lymphocytes from patients with leprosy. | 1987 | 3298481 | |
| an unusual case of untreated lepromatous leprosy with rare bacilli: an immunologic follow-up. | 1987 | 3298482 | |
| effect of preformed immune complexes on the course of mycobacterium leprae infection in normal mice. | 1987 | 3298483 | |
| mycobacterium leprae, probably a microbe-dependent microorganism. | 1987 | 3298484 | |
| affinity of mycobacterium leprae with lewis rat schwannoma cell line (lewis tc 98). | 1987 | 3298903 | |
| characteristics of patients in the thelep trials of chemotherapy of leprosy at bamako and chingleput. subcommittee on clinical trials of the chemotherapy of leprosy (thelep) scientific working group of the undp/world bank/who special programme for research and training in tropical diseases. | 1987 | 3298905 | |
| serological studies of mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in north indian population. | 1987 | 3130373 | |
| methods for the detection of a specific mycobacterium leprae antigen in the urine of leprosy patients. | two methods for detecting the phenolic glycolipid, pgl-1, a mycobacterium leprae-specific molecule, in the urine of leprosy patients are described. both methods rely on the 100-fold preconcentration of the urine, which can be accomplished by a single-step ultrafiltration procedure. the equivalent of approximately 2.5 micrograms of pgl-1/ml was detected in the urine of ll patients with an inhibition elisa. the second method, a direct dot-blot assay on nitrocellulose paper, was much simpler and mo ... | 1987 | 3544198 |
| intracellular fate of mycobacterium leprae in normal and activated mouse macrophages. | mycobacterium leprae replicates within mononuclear phagocytes, reaching enormous numbers in the macrophage-rich granulomas of lepromatous leprosy. to examine the capability of macrophages to digest m. leprae, we studied the intracellular fate of m. leprae organisms in normal and activated mouse macrophages by using the electron-dense secondary lysosome tracer thoria sol. intracellular m. leprae organisms, surrounded by a characteristic electron-transparent zone, were contained within phagosomal ... | 1987 | 3546136 |
| inhibition of the interaction of mycobacteria with schwann cells by antimycobacterial antibodies. | the effect of antimycobacterial serum on the uptake of mycobacterium w by 33b rat schwannoma cell line and rat peritoneal macrophages was studied. incubation of mycobacterium w with antimycobacterial serum caused a marked inhibition of its uptake by 33b cells but did not diminish its uptake by macrophages. these results suggest that the mechanism of the interaction of mycobacteria with schwann cells differs from that with macrophages. | 1987 | 3546373 |
| identification of specific and cross-reactive antigens of leishmania donovani chagasi by human infection sera. | cloned leishmania donovani chagasi (ldc) promastigotes were analyzed by sds-page separation and immunoblotting with human infection sera. the patterns of antigen reactivity were compared by using sera from individuals with ldc, leishmania mexicana amazonensis (lma), trypanosoma cruzi, mycobacterium tuberculosis, or mycobacterium leprae infections. sera from individuals with these infections recognized ldc antigens in several m.w. ranges. reactivity was due to recognition of ldc molecules and not ... | 1987 | 3543131 |
| interleukin 1 and prostaglandin production by cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system isolated from mycobacterial granulomas. | a study has been made of the activity of interleukin 1 (il-1) and prostaglandins (pgs) in the culture supernatants from unstimulated and lipopolysaccharide (lps)-stimulated mycobacteria-induced granuloma cells. both epithelioid cells from bacillus calmette-guerin (bcg)-induced granulomas and macrophages from mycobacterium leprae-induced granulomas, separated on a fluorescence-activated cell sorter using monoclonal antibody specific to guinea pig macrophages, spontaneously secreted low levels of ... | 1987 | 3492293 |
| immunologic unresponsiveness in leprosy is mediated by modulation of e-receptor. | by using an indirect immunofluorescence technique with okt3 and okt11 monoclonal antibodies, the percentage of cd2 positive cells was found to be reduced in the peripheral blood of bacterial index positive lepromatous leprosy patients; however, in these patients, cd3 positive cells were at the normal level. further cd2 positive cells attained the normal proportion in lepromatous patients when mycobacterial load was reduced. both cd2 and cd3 receptors were expressed at the normal level in tubercu ... | 1987 | 3499387 |
| activity of rifampin in infections of normal mice with mycobacterium leprae. | 1987 | 3437168 | |
| introduction of foreign dna into mycobacteria using a shuttle phasmid. | mycobacteria are major pathogens of man and animals. there are approximately 10 million cases of tuberculosis world wide with an annual mortality of three million people. leprosy, caused by mycobacterium leprae, afflicts over ten million people, primarily in developing countries. m. tuberculosis and mycobacteria of the m. avium-intracellulare-scrofulaceum (mais) group are major opportunistic pathogens of patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). m. paratuberculosis is the cause o ... | 1987 | 3473289 |
| hla antigens and neural reversal reactions in ethiopian borderline tuberculoid leprosy patients. | reversal reactions (rr) or acute neuritis episodes are frequently observed in borderline tuberculoid (bt) leprosy patients during the first year of treatment, and are associated with a rapid increase in cell-mediated immunity. because hla-linked genes have been shown to be an important factor in determining the type of leprosy that develops in susceptible individuals and because hla molecules regulate cellular interactions in the immune system, we have investigated whether rr are associated with ... | 1987 | 3474306 |
| activity of ofloxacin and pefloxacin against mycobacterium leprae in mice. | 1987 | 3475035 | |
| analysis of the antigenic profile of mycobacterium leprae: cross-reactive and unique specificities of human and rabbit antibodies. | thirty-two mycobacterial components were detected by antibodies contained in leprosy patients' sera across the clinical spectrum and rabbit anti-m. leprae hyperimmune sera by western blot analysis of armadillo-derived m. leprae antigen preparations. sera of borderline tuberculoid patients were found to contain antibodies recognizing 18 m. leprae components. while the reactivity of the sera on the lepromatous pole seemed to be distributed over the entire molecular weight range, most of the reacti ... | 1987 | 3321410 |
| [various aspects of leprosy control in the developing countries of southeastern asia]. | 1987 | 3321772 | |
| study of idiotypes expressed by monoclonal antibodies to the 35 kd and 12 kd antigens of mycobacterium leprae. | rabbit antisera were raised against four monoclonal antibodies (moab) binding with the 35 kd protein and four moab binding with the 12 kd protein antigen of mycobacterium leprae. antisera showed idiotype (id) specificity following cross-absorption with normal mouse globulin. one id on a single moab and another id shared between three moab were identified for each group. functional studies were carried out with the rb04 anti [anti-35 kd] specificity. the expression of this id and paratope in anti ... | 1987 | 3322615 |
| localization and retention of mycobacterial antigen in lymph nodes of leprosy patients. | although leprosy, a chronic disease caused by m. leprae, primarily affects skin and peripheral nerves, pathological changes and granulomas have been observed in lymph nodes which are: (a) present in tuberculoid lymph nodes in the absence of acid-fact bacilli and (b) persistent in lepromatous patients even after prolonged treatment. we detected substantial amounts of mycobacterial antigen in 16 leprous lymph nodes using anti-bcg by the peroxidase anti-peroxidase method. the load and distribution ... | 1987 | 3318906 |
| adoptively transferred reactivity to m. leprae in nude mice infected with m. leprae. | reversal reactions are manifestations of delayed hypersensitivity to m. leprae and are thought to be usually accompanied by manifestations of effective cell-mediated immunity (cmi) as measured by bacterial clearing. these experiments were designed to study the induction of reversal reactions in m. leprae-infected, congenitally athymic nude mice using adoptive transfer of cmi. splenic cell suspensions derived from unimmunized heterozygous nu/+ mice, and those vaccinated with heat-killed m. leprae ... | 1987 | 3319298 |
| environmental nonhuman sources of leprosy. | leprosy has been considered to occur only after exposure to a human case. however, evidence has been accumulating that this conventional view is wrong and that an environmental nonhuman source is critical to some human infections with mycobacterium leprae. observations, some of which date back to the nineteenth century, support soil, vegetation, water, arthropods, and armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus) as environmental sources of leprosy. disparate clinical, epidemiologic, and microbiologic evide ... | 1987 | 3299637 |
| leprosy: cause, transmission, and a new theory of pathogenesis. | leprosy is generally accepted as being caused by mycobacterium leprae, an acid-fast organism often present in great numbers in certain forms of leprosy. however, it has not been possible to confirm with scientifically acceptable evidence that this entity is the cause of leprosy; laboratory cultivation, an essential factor in the proof, has not been accomplished with the acid-fast bodies seen in leprotic tissue. the mechanisms of transmission of the disease also remain conjectural; prolonged, clo ... | 1987 | 3299638 |
| primary dapsone resistance in multibacillary leprosy among nepalese children. | 1987 | 3299724 | |
| rapid in vitro metabolic screen for antileprosy compounds. | measurement of intracellular atp of mycobacterium leprae after direct in vitro exposure to antimicrobial agents was evaluated as a rapid means of identifying potentially useful therapeutic agents. nude mouse-derived m. leprae was incubated in an axenic modified dubos medium in the presence or absence of antimicrobial agents for up to 3 weeks. atp was then assayed by using the firefly bioluminescence technique. rifampin, clofazimine, and ethionamide each effected a significantly accelerated rate ... | 1987 | 3300539 |
| chemical synthesis of the trisaccharide unit of the species-specific phenolic glycolipid from mycobacterium leprae. | o-(3,6-di-o-methyl-beta-d-glucopyranosyl)-(1----4)-o-(2,3-di-o-methyl- alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl)-(1----2)-3-o-methyl-l-rhamnopyranose, the haptenic trisaccharide of the mycobacterium leprae-specific phenolic glycolipid i (pgl-i) antigen, and related trisaccharides, were synthesized by allylation of o-2 of benzyl 4-o-benzyl-alpha-l-rhamnopyranoside using phase-transfer catalysis, methylation of the product, deallylation, and coupling to o-(2,4-di-o-acetyl-3,6-di-o-methyl-beta-d-glucopyranosyl)-(1- ... | 1987 | 3300972 |
| autoaggressive hanseniasis. | i have given the name autoaggressive hanseniasis to a syndrome with immunopathologic and clinical pictures resembling autoaggressive systemic diseases observed in some cases of lepromatous and borderline hanseniasis. it is probably caused by b cell stimulation by antigenic complex of mycobacterium leprae plus autologous tissue, along with a dysfunction of the t-suppressor lymphocytes. | 1987 | 3323269 |
| antibodies to a synthetic analog of phenolic glycolipid-i of mycobacterium leprae in healthy household contacts of patients with leprosy. | fifty-four household contacts of lepromatous patients, 39 household contacts of tuberculoid patients, and 99 control persons were examined with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for their antibody responses to phenolic glycolipid-i (pgl-i) of mycobacterium leprae using a synthetic analog (pgl-isa) with the same terminal sugar epitope, namely, o-(3, 6-di-o-methyl-beta-d-glucopyranosyl)-(1----4)-o-(alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl )-(1----9)-oxynonanoyl-bsa. this study was conducted in the gurage area o ... | 1987 | 3323365 |
| seroepidemiological study on 724 household contacts of leprosy patients in french polynesia using disaccharide-octyl-bsa as antigen. | a seroepidemiological surveillance of a contact population was started in 1984 in french polynesia. the elisa test was used to measure igm anti-nd-o-bsa in the sera. specific antibody levels were higher in healthy polynesians than in normal individuals living in a nonendemic country. the positive threshold of the reaction was fixed according to this background activity in healthy polynesians. under these conditions, 100% of the multibacillary patients were detected as seropositive as compared to ... | 1987 | 3323366 |