Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| vaccine prevention of acute otitis media. | the incidence of acute otitis media (aom) in infants and young children has increased dramatically in recent years in the united states. aom often follows upper respiratory tract infections due to pathogens such as respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), influenza virus, and parainfluenza virus (piv). these viruses cause eustachian tube dysfunction that is critical to the pathogenesis of aom. vaccines against these viruses would likely reduce the incidence of aom. in three previous studies, influenza ... | 2001 | 11892059 |
| [clinical and therapeutical correlations in moraxella catarrhalis respiratory infection in children]. | in childhood recurrent respiratory infection with moraxella catarrhalis have high incidence demonstrated by multiple risk factors association (atopia, immunsuppresion, chronic diseases, malnutrition) that makes this common bacteria pathogen. the study was carried on 56 children (0-16 years old). authors try to find correlations between clinical signs and microbiological markers that determine recurrent respiratory infection with moraxella catarrhalis. treatment consisted of association between " ... | 2001 | 11977497 |
| 14c-[lignin]-lignocellulose biodegradation by bacteria isolated from polluted soil. | four bacterial species [branhamella catarrhalis (gram -ve), brochothrix species (gram -ve), micrococcus luteus (gram +ve) and bacillus firmus (gram +ve)], isolated from the soil polluted with cane sugar factory effluents, were found capable of growing on solid media supplemented with indulin at (a polymeric industrial lignin) as sole c source. all the four species could metabolize cinnamic acid (a non-hydroxylated phenylpropanoid) as sole carbon source with significant suppression on addition of ... | 2001 | 12562023 |
| amoxicillin-sulbactam: a clinical and therapeutic review. | combinations of beta-lactamase inhibitors with penicillins, especially aminopenicillins, have broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most of the common pathogens of the respiratory and urinary tracts. this means that they are an ideal treatment for infections such as otitis media, sinusitis, special cases of pharyngeal tonsillitis (recurring forms, indirect pathogenic action, or after the failure of amoxicillin monotherapy), acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, cystitis, urethritis, ... | 2001 | 12783093 |
| molecular mimicry of host structures by lipooligosaccharides of neisseria meningitidis: characterization of sialylated and nonsialylated lacto-n-neotetraose (galbeta1-4glcnacbeta1-3galbeta1-4glc) structures in lipooligosaccharides using monoclonal antibodies and specific lectins. | neisseria meningitidis lipooligosaccharides (loss) are classified into 12 immunotypes. most loss are heterogeneous in having a few components by sds-page analysis that differ antigenically and chemically. we have utilized a monoclonal antibody that recognizes lacto-n-neotetraose (lnnt) and the lectin, maackia amurensis leukoagglutinin (mal), which is specific for neunacalpha2-3galbeta1-4glcnac trisacchride sequence to characterize the 12 n. meningitidis loss. using the combination of elisa, sds- ... | 2001 | 14533820 |
| cd45ra and cd45ro isoforms in infected malnourished and infected well-nourished children. | the aim of this study was to determine if the distribution in vivo of cd4(+)cd45ra(+)/cd45ro(-) (naive), cd4(+)cd45ra(+)/cd45ro(+) (ddull) and cd4(+)cd45ro(+) (memory) lymphocytes differs in malnourished infected and well-nourished infected children. the expression of cd45ra (naive) and cd45ro (memory) antigens on cd4(+) lymphocytes was analysed by flow cytometry in a prospectively followed cohort of 15 malnourished infected, 12 well-nourished infected and 10 well-nourished uninfected children. ... | 2001 | 11737063 |
| in vitro antibacterial activities of af 3013, the active metabolite of prulifloxacin, against nosocomial and community italian isolates. | af 3013, the active metabolite of prulifloxacin, was tested to determine its inhibitory and bactericidal activities against 396 nosocomial and 258 community italian isolates. compared with that of ciprofloxacin, its activity (assessed in mic and minimal bactericidal concentration tests) was generally similar or greater against gram-positive bacteria and greater against gram-negative bacteria. in time-kill assays using selected isolates, its bactericidal activity was comparable to that of ciprofl ... | 2001 | 11709353 |
| pharmacokinetics of cefepime during continuous renal replacement therapy in critically ill patients. | the pharmacokinetics of cefepime were studied in 12 adult patients in intensive care units during continuous venovenous hemofiltration (cvvh) or continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (cvvhdf) with a multiflow60 an69hf 0.60-m(2) polyacrylonitrile hollow-fiber membrane (hospal industrie, meyzieu, france). patients (mean age, 52.0 +/- 13.0 years [standard deviation]; mean weight, 96.7 +/- 18.4 kg) received 1 or 2 g of cefepime every 12 or 24 h (total daily doses of 1 to 4 g/day) by intravenous in ... | 2001 | 11600370 |
| cytolytic complement activity in otitis media with effusion. | otitis media with effusion (ome) is a chronic inflammation persisting in the middle ear cavity of at least 8 weeks duration. middle ear effusion (mee; n = 38), samples from children suffering from ome were investigated for their direct cytolytic activity or an ability to enhance complement lysis of unsensitized bystander cells. thirteen of the 38 mees had direct endogenous haemolytic activity and 27 samples had an ability to enhance serum-initiated lysis. using an enzyme immunoassay, high levels ... | 2001 | 11472396 |
| invasive fungal sinusitis and meningitis due to arthrographis kalrae in a patient with aids. | we report the first described case of arthrographis kalrae pansinusitis and meningitis in a patient with aids. the patient was initially diagnosed with arthrographis kalrae pansinusitis by endoscopic biopsy and culture. the patient was treated with itraconazole for approximately 5 months and then died secondary to pneumocytis carinii pneumonia. postmortem examination revealed invasive fungal sinusitis that involved the sphenoid sinus and that extended through the cribiform plate into the inferio ... | 2001 | 11158158 |
| explosive pleuritis. | the objective of the present paper is to describe the clinical and computed tomography features of 'explosive pleuritis', an entity first named by braman and donat in 1986, and to propose a case definition. a case report of a previously healthy, 45-year-old man admitted to hospital with acute onset pleuritic chest pain is presented. the patient arrived at the emergency room at 15:00 in mild respiratory distress; the initial chest x-ray revealed a small right lower lobe effusion. the subsequent c ... | 2001 | 18159325 |
| macrolides: a canadian infectious disease society position paper. | since the introduction of erythromycin in 1965, no new compounds from the macrolide antimicrobial class were licensed in canada until the 1990s. clarithromycin and azithromycin, since their introduction, have become important agents for treating a number of common and uncommon infectious diseases. they have become prime agents in the treatment of respiratory tract infections, and have revolutionized the management of both genital chlamydial infections, by the use of single-dose therapy with azit ... | 2001 | 18159344 |
| a critical review of oxazolidinones: an alternative or replacement for glycopeptides and streptogramins? | to review the available data on the oxazolidinones linezolid and eperezolid. | 2001 | 18159365 |
| acute infectious conjunctivitis in childhood. | to review the etiology, clinical features and management of acute infectious conjunctivitis in children after the newborn period. | 2001 | 20084257 |
| macrolide resistance conferred by base substitutions in 23s rrna. | 2001 | 11120937 | |
| multiple-dose pharmacokinetics and tolerability of gemifloxacin administered orally to healthy volunteers. | gemifloxacin mesylate (sb-265805-s, lb-20304a) is a potent, novel fluoroquinolone agent with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. the pharmacokinetics and tolerability of oral gemifloxacin were characterized in two parallel group studies in healthy male volunteers after doses of 160, 320, 480, and 640 mg once daily for 7 days. multiple serum or plasma and urine samples were collected on days 1 and 7 and were analyzed for gemifloxacin by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc)-fluore ... | 2001 | 11158752 |
| pharmacokinetics of the new ketolide telithromycin (hmr 3647) administered in ascending single and multiple doses. | telithromycin (hmr 3647) is a novel ketolide antimicrobial with good activity against both common and atypical respiratory pathogens, including many resistant strains. this randomized, three-period crossover study determined the dose proportionality of telithromycin pharmacokinetics after single and multiple dosing in healthy subjects. in each treatment period, subjects received a single oral dose of 400, 800 or 1,600 mg of telithromycin followed 4 days later by the same dose once daily for 7 da ... | 2001 | 11120961 |
| in vitro activities of ertapenem (mk-0826) against clinical bacterial isolates from 11 north american medical centers. | this study compared the in vitro activities of the new long-half-life carbapenem ertapenem (also known as mk-0826 and l-749,345) with those of imipenem, amoxicillin-clavulanate, and ciprofloxacin against 5,558 recent clinical isolates from 11 north american medical centers. we confirmed the greater activity of ertapenem than of imipenem against the enterobacteriaceae and the greater activity of imipenem against pseudomonads and gram-positive bacteria. | 2001 | 11353653 |
| virulence functions of autotransporter proteins. | 2001 | 11179284 | |
| [beta-lactamase-producing activity and antimicrobial susceptibility of major pathogenic bacteria isolated from clinical samples. japan beta-lactamase research group]. | beta-lactamase production and susceptibility to an assortment of antimicrobial agents were examined in 9,483 strains of organisms isolated from clinical materials obtained from inpatients and outpatients at 104 institutions throughout japan from december 1999 to february 2000. the organisms were staphylococcus aureus, 1,369 strains, including 847 methicillin-resistant (mrsa) strains; enterococcus faecalis, 735 strains; enterococcus faecium, 302 strains; moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis, 730 s ... | 2002 | 12599526 |
| [antimicrobial susceptibility and beta-lactamase producibility of bacteria clinically isolated during the period from december 1999 to february 2000]. | antimicrobial susceptibility and beta-lactamase producibility were tested in 848 clinical strains collected at 8 hospitals in kanagawa prefecture during the period from december 1999 to february 2000. positive rates of beta-lactamase used the nitrocefin method (cefinase) were 21.9% of staphylococcus aureus, 10.0% of haemophilus influenzae, and 99.0% of moraxella catarrhalis. furthermore, on the acidometric method (p/case test) penicillinase (pcase), cephalosporinase (cepase), and both of pcase a ... | 2002 | 12599529 |
| [antimicrobial susceptibility and beta-lactamase types among clinical isolates during january and february 2000 in the kinki area of japan]. | we studied antimicrobial susceptibility and beta-lactamase types among clinical isolates in the kinki area of japan. eight hundreds isolates of eight organisms were collected by seven medical institutions during january and february 2000. the rates of beta-lactamase producing by using the chromogenic nitrocephin test were 68.0% against staphylococcus aureus isolates, 6.0% against haemophilus influenzae isolates, 98.0% against moraxella catarrhalis isolates. the rate of beta-lactamase negative am ... | 2002 | 12599530 |
| simulated in vitro quinolone pharmacodynamics at clinically achievable auc/mic ratios: advantage of i e over other integral parameters. | to compare the antimicrobial effects of clinically achievable ratios of area under the curve (auc) to mic, a clinical isolate of moraxella catarrhalis was selected with mics corresponding to the mic(50)s of four quinolones. monoexponentially declining concentrations observed in human plasma after oral administration of 1,000 mg of ciprofloxacin (as two 500-mg doses at a 12-hour interval), 320 mg gemifloxacin, 500 mg levofloxacin or 400 mg moxifloxacin (each as a single dose) and were simulated i ... | 2002 | 12673102 |
| prospective epidemiologic survey of patients with community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization in switzerland. | community-acquired pneumonia (cap) is a common problem and the principal infection requiring hospitalization, but its treatment is complicated by the difficulty in microbiological diagnosis and the increasing incidence of antibiotic resistance among respiratory pathogens. the purpose of this paper is to present the main epidemiologic features of patients with cap requiring hospitalization in our country. | 2002 | 12718823 |
| development of novel antibacterial peptides that kill resistant isolates. | the rapid emergence of bacterial strains that are resistant to current antibiotics requires the development of novel types of antimicrobial compounds. proline-rich cationic antibacterial peptides such as pyrrhocoricin kill responsive bacteria by binding to the 70 kda heat shock protein dnak and inhibiting protein folding. we designed and synthesized multiply protected dimeric analogs of pyrrhocoricin and optimized the in vitro antibacterial efficacy assays for peptide antibiotics. pyrrhocoricin ... | 2002 | 12535685 |
| moraxella catarrhalis bacteraemia associated with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and pneumonia. | this report describes a case of severe pneumonia associated with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and moraxella catarrhalis bacteraemia in a 44-y-old woman with undiagnosed breast carcinoma. m. pneumoniae is increasingly recognized as a co-pathogen but to the authors' knowledge this is the first reported case of m. catarrhalis bacteraemia associated with m. pneumoniae infection. | 2002 | 12578160 |
| [in vitro activity of moxifloxacin against respiratory pathogens in latin america]. | we compared the in vitro activity of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin and six other antibiotics frequently used in respiratory tract infections, against 1563 streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus pyogenes, staphylococcus aureus, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis clinical isolates from 21 centers in 10 latin american countries from march 2000 to april 2001. moxifloxacin was the most active compound against all the species included. moxifloxacin was 2- to 4-fold more active than levoflo ... | 2002 | 12587037 |
| is antimicrobial resistance also subject to globalization? | in recent years one of the more alarming aspects of clinical microbiology has been the dramatic increase in the incidence of resistance to antibacterial agents among pathogens causing nosocomial as well as community-acquired infections. there are profound geographic differences in the incidence of resistance among pathogens of the respiratory tract, only some of which can be explained by the local use of antibiotics. a high percentage of moraxella catarrhalis strains produce beta-lactamase and a ... | 2002 | 12519344 |
| evaluation of the bacticard neisseria for identification of pathogenic neisseria species and moraxella catarrhalis. | the bacticard neisseria (remel, usa) is a chromogenic enzyme substrate system for identifying neisseria gonorrhoeae, neisseria meningitidis, neisseria lactamica, and moraxella catarrhalis. the identification system consists of a card with four test circles impregnated with chromogenic substrates for indoxyl butyrate esterase (ib), prolyl aminopeptidase (pro), gamma-glutamyl aminopeptidase (glut), and ss-galactosidase (bgal). these substrates permit the identification of moraxella catarrhalis, ne ... | 2002 | 12525923 |
| [susceptibilities of bacteria isolated from patients with lower respiratory infectious diseases to antibiotics (2000)]. | from october 2000 to september 2001, we collected the specimen from 410 patients with lower respiratory tract infections in 16 institutions in japan, and investigated the susceptibilities of isolated bacteria to various anti-bacterial agents and antibiotics and patients' characteristics. of 499 strains that were isolated from specimen (mainly from sputum) and assumed to be bacteria causing in inflammation, 493 strains were investigated. the breakdown of the isolated bacteria were: staphylococcus ... | 2002 | 12532637 |
| dynamics of nasopharyngeal colonization by potential respiratory pathogens. | studies have shown that colonization of the nasopharynx by potential respiratory pathogens streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis is established early in childhood, although rates vary greatly according to locality, sampling frequency, individual and social factors. factors influencing colonization and elimination are not as yet fully understood, but adhesion to mucosal receptors and immune responses are implicated in addition to bacterial properties and colon ... | 2002 | 12556435 |
| [antibacterial activity of gatifloxacin against various fresh clinical isolates in 2002]. | antibacterial activities of gatifloxacin (gflx) and other antibacterial drugs against various fresh clinical strains (800 isolates) isolated from specimens of patients in 2002 were compared. gflx was more active than levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin against gram-positive bacteria such as methicillin susceptible staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus pneumoniae. for these isolates, clarithromycin and azithromycin were less active (mic90; > 16- > 64 micrograms/ml), gflx was more active than cefdini ... | 2002 | 12621734 |
| [antibacterial activity of cefpodoxime against clinical isolates in 2000 and 2001]. | as the post-marketing surveillance of cefpodoxime proxetil (banan), mics of cefpodoxime (cpdx, an active form of banan) against 1090 clinical isolates of 22 species from 15 medical institutions all over japan from june 2000 to march 2001 were measured using the broth microdilution method approved by the japanese society of chemotherapy and compared with those of oral cephem antibacterials, cefaclor, cefdinir, cefditoren, and cefcapene. in this study, remarkable change in the activity of cpdx was ... | 2002 | 12621736 |
| [post-marketing surveillance of antibacterial activities of cefozopran against various clinical isolates--ii. gram-negative bacteria]. | as a post-marketing surveillance, the in vitro antibacterial activities of cefozopran (czop), an agent of cephems, against various clinical isolates were yearly evaluated and compared with those of other cephems, oxacephems, penicillins, monobactams, and carbapenems. changes in czop susceptibility for the bacteria were also evaluated with the bacterial resistance ratio calculated with the breakpoint mic. twenty-five species (3,362 strains) of gram-negative bacteria were isolated from the clinica ... | 2002 | 11977920 |
| moxifloxacin sensitivity of respiratory pathogens in the united kingdom. | the in vitro activity of moxifloxacin and comparator agents against respiratory isolates from a range of geographically distinct centres around the united kingdom was investigated in the following study. clinical isolates of streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 257), haemophilus influenzae (n = 399) and moraxella catarrhalis (n = 253) were obtained between march 1998 and april 1999 from nine centres in the united kingdom. sensitivity was determined by testing each isolate for its minimum inhibitory con ... | 2002 | 11892894 |
| issues in the management of bacterial sinusitis. | office visits for acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (abrs) have increased steadily in the past 2 decades, and abrs accounted for 0.4% of ambulatory diagnoses in 1995, ranking as the fifth most common diagnosis for which an antibiotic is prescribed. abrs typically begins as a viral respiratory tract infection, but bacterial growth is demonstrated in 60% of adults with upper respiratory tract infection symptoms of at least 10 days duration. important factors to consider when selecting an antibiotic r ... | 2002 | 12511854 |
| activity of oral beta-lactam antimicrobial agents versus respiratory tract isolates of streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella catarrhalis in the era of antibiotic resistance. | the management of outpatient respiratory tract infections with oral beta-lactam antimicrobial agents has been complicated by the emergence of beta-lactamase-producing strains of haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis and isolates of streptococcus pneumoniae that express varying levels of beta-lactam resistance because of altered penicillin-binding proteins. there is no question that all 3 of these important respiratory tract pathogens have changed conspicuously in the context of decrea ... | 2002 | 12511856 |
| [bacterial flora of hypertrophied tonsils in children with secretory otitis media]. | the potentially pathogenic bacteria: haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, streptococcus pneumoniae are the major bacterial flora of hypertrophied tonsils. in children suffering from otitis media with inflammatory effusion an unfortunate decreased physiological flora of streptococcus viridans and neisseria is observed. | 2002 | 12516233 |
| in vitro evaluation of bal9141, a novel parenteral cephalosporin active against oxacillin-resistant staphylococci. | community-acquired and nosocomial infections caused by multidrug-resistant gram-positive pathogens continue to increase in prevalence and have become a serious problem in many parts of the world. bal9141 is a member of the class of parenteral pyrrolidinone-3-ylidenemethyl cephalosporins, and has a broad spectrum of activity. in the current study, bal9141 was tested against a large number (n = 2263) of recent isolates from various international surveillance programmes including 1097 gram-positive ... | 2002 | 12461013 |
| in vitro activity of ertapenem against common clinical isolates in relation to human pharmacokinetics. | the in vitro activity of ertapenem against bacterial pathogens isolated from patients with moderate to severe complicated intra-abdominal, complicated skin/skin structure, acute pelvic, or complicated urinary tract infection or community acquired pneumonia was compared to ceftriaxone and piperacillin-tazobactam and related to known plasma concentrations of the three agents. ertapenem was more potent against methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus (mssa) than ceftriaxone and piperacillin-ta ... | 2002 | 12462428 |
| efficacy and tolerability of once-daily telithromycin compared with high-dose amoxicillin for treatment of community-acquired pneumonia. | this randomized, double-blind study compared the efficacy and tolerability of the new ketolide antimicrobial telithromycin with that of high-dose amoxicillin in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia (cap). | 2002 | 12478329 |
| in vitro activity of gemifloxacin against recent clinical isolates of bacteria in korea. | gemifloxacin is an enhanced-affinity fluoroquinolone with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. in korea, resistant bacteria are relatively more prevalent than in other industrialized countries. in this study, we studied the in vitro activities of gemifloxacin, gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and other commonly used antimicrobial agents against 1,689 bacterial strains isolated at four korean university hospitals during 1999-2000. minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) ... | 2002 | 12482994 |
| microbiology of newer fluoroquinolones: focus on respiratory pathogens. | community-acquired pneumonia, acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, and acute sinusitis are among the most common bacterial infections encountered in clinical practice. pathogens frequently associated with these infections include streptococcus pneumoniae, hemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, chlamydia pneumoniae, legionella pneumophila, and mycoplasma pneumoniae. unfortunately, resistance to antimicrobials commonly used for the treatment of these infections is increasing, limiting ... | 2002 | 12493166 |
| real-time lightcycler pcr for detection and discrimination of bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis. | real-time pcr assays based on the lightcycler technology were developed for individual (simplex pcr) and simultaneous (duplex pcr) detection and discrimination of bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis in clinical samples. the assays were evaluated with 113 specimens from patients with and without symptoms of pertussis. results were compared to those from conventional culture and taqman real-time pcr. the analytical sensitivity ranged from 0.1 to 10 cfu for b. pertussis and b. paraper ... | 2002 | 11980949 |
| household transmission of streptococcus pneumoniae among siblings with acute otitis media. | nasopharyngeal transmission of streptococcus pneumoniae was evaluated among 23 siblings with acute otitis media (aom). restriction fragment length polymorphism revealed that the nasopharyngeal strains were identical between siblings in 12 of 13 clusters of aom experienced in 11 families. this study demonstrated person-to-person transmission of s. pneumoniae, especially drug-resistant strains, among siblings with aom. | 2002 | 11980976 |
| nasopharyngeal penicillin-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae strains among young children in japan. | a rapid increase of penicillin resistance in streptococcus pneumoniae has recently been reported in most areas of the world. penicillin-resistant s. pneumoniae and other resistant bacteria are the principal causes of recurrent acute otitis media (aom). penicillin-resistant s. pneumoniae was examined so that we could investigate the bacteriologic and clinical interpretations of nasopharyngeal flora from healthy children. | 2002 | 11981394 |
| ceftriaxone: an update of its use in the management of community-acquired and nosocomial infections. | ceftriaxone is a parenteral third-generation cephalosporin with a long elimination half-life which permits once-daily administration. it has good activity against streptococcus pneumoniae, methicillin-susceptible staphylococci, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis and neisseria spp. although active against enterobacteriaceae, the recent spread of derepressed mutants which hyperproduce chromosomal beta-lactamases and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases has diminished the activity of all th ... | 2002 | 11985490 |
| viral respiratory infection in schoolchildren: effects on middle ear pressure. | to evaluate the effect of uncomplicated viral respiratory infections (colds) on middle ear pressure in healthy school-aged children. | 2002 | 11986442 |
| beta-lactamase-producing moraxella catarrhalis may prevent the emergence of penicillin-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae in children with recurrent acute otitis media. | we studied the effect of concomitant nasopharyngeal carriage of beta-lactamase producing moraxella catarrhalis and haemophilus influenzae on the occurrence of penicillin resistance of streptococcus pneumoniae. we took nasopharyngeal samples from 306 children with recurrent otitis media and a history of several antibiotic treatments. we could isolate at least one of the pathogens in 89 subjects. of these children 13% carried more than one pathogen. of the isolated m. catarrhalis and h. influenzae ... | 2002 | 11997157 |
| identification of an antifreeze lipoprotein from moraxella sp. of antarctic origin. | we found six bacteria capable of producing antifreeze protein (afp) from ross island, antarctica. among these afp-producing bacteria, strain no. 82 had the highest antifreeze activity and was identified as moraxella sp. the optimum temperature and ph for the production of afp were 5 degrees c and 7.0, respectively. after partially purifying the afp from the culture supernatant using 60% saturation of ammonium sulfate, only the 52-kda protein band (100 microg/ml) which eluted from sds-page indica ... | 2002 | 11999394 |
| clinical judgment predicts culture results in upper respiratory tract infections. | we wanted to describe the natural history, familial transmission, microbiology, and accuracy of clinical judgment of potential pathogens of respiratory tract infections in a community family practice. | 2002 | 12002206 |
| bacteriology of acute and chronic frontal sinusitis. | aspirates of 15 acutely and 13 chronically infected frontal sinuses were processed for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. a total of 20 isolates (1.3 per specimen) were recovered from the 15 cases of acute frontal sinusitis, 16 aerobic and facultative isolates (1.1 per specimen) and 4 anaerobic isolates (0.3 per specimen). aerobic and facultative organisms alone were recovered in 13 specimens (87%), and mixed aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were recovered in 2 (13%). the predominant aerobic and facu ... | 2002 | 12003592 |
| ceftriaxone activity against gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens isolated in us clinical microbiology laboratories from 1996 to 2000: results from the surveillance network (tsn) database-usa. | ceftriaxone was introduced into clinical practice in the usa in 1985 and was the first extended-spectrum (third-generation) cephalosporin approved for once-daily treatment of patients with gram-positive or gram-negative infections. review of ceftriaxone activity is important given its continued use since the mid-1980s and reports of emerging resistance among all antimicrobial agent classes. we reviewed the activity of ceftriaxone and relevant comparative agents against five gram-positive and 11 ... | 2002 | 12007850 |
| a new intra-nalt route elicits mucosal and systemic immunity against moraxella catarrhalis in a mouse challenge model. | mucosally administered antigens are often poorly immunogenic due to the difficulty of transporting antigens through the mucosal epithelium. we investigated a new route of intranasal-associated lymphoid tissue (intra-nalt) administration of antigens to circumvent the antigen transportation barrier. a comparative study was carried out on mice administered with killed whole cells of moraxella catarrhalis strain 25238 plus cholera toxin (ct) by intra-nalt injection and nasal inoculation. both routes ... | 2002 | 12009294 |
| prevention of respiratory infections by povidone-iodine gargle. | bacterial attachment to host cells is the initial step in the pathogenesis of infection. our studies and those of others also showed that there is a significant correlation between the attachment of bacteria to human pharyngeal epithelial cells and the occurrence of respiratory tract infections. we identified the receptor on human pharyngeal epithelial cells which mediate binding of moraxella catarrhalis and haemophilus influenzae. in an attempt to prevent occurrence of infections, the effects o ... | 2002 | 12011518 |
| antimicrobial resistance among respiratory pathogens collected in thailand during 1999-2000. | a multi-center surveillance study was conducted in thailand during 1999-2000 to determine antimicrobial susceptibilities among the respiratory pathogens streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 206), haemophilus influenzae (n = 305), and moraxella catarrhalis (n = 39). of the s. pneumoniae isolates collected, 33.5% were penicillin-susceptible, 27.2% intermediate and 39.3% resistant. expectedly, resistance rates to beta-lactams were higher among penicillin-resistant (ceftriaxone, 14.8%; amoxicillin-clavulan ... | 2002 | 12017369 |
| cefdinir: an advanced-generation, broad-spectrum oral cephalosporin. | cefdinir is an advanced-generation, broad-spectrum cephalosporin antimicrobial agent that has been approved for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia, acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, acute maxillary sinusitis, pharyngitis/tonsillitis, acute bacterial otitis media, and uncomplicated skin and skin-structure infections in adult and pediatric patients. | 2002 | 12017394 |
| activity of the ketolide telithromycin is refractory to erm monomethylation of bacterial rrna. | methylation of specific nucleotides in rrna is one of the means by which bacteria achieve resistance to macrolides-lincosamides-streptogramin b (mls(b)) and ketolide antibiotics. the degree of resistance is determined by how effectively the rrna is methylated. we have implemented a bacterial system in which the rrna methylations are defined, and in this study we investigate what effect erm mono- and dimethylation of the rrna has on the activity of representative mls(b) and ketolide antibiotics. ... | 2002 | 12019067 |
| antibacterial activities and characterization of novel inhibitors of lpxc. | lipid a is the hydrophobic anchor of lipopolysaccharide (lps) and forms the major lipid component of the outer monolayer of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. lipid a is required for bacterial growth and virulence, and inhibition of its biosynthesis is lethal to bacteria. udp-3-o-(r-3-hydroxymyristoyl)-n-acetylglucosamine deacetylase (lpxc) is a metalloenzyme that catalyzes the second step in the biosynthesis of lipid a. inhibitors of lpxc have previously been shown to have antibiotic ... | 2002 | 12019092 |
| resistant bacteria in the adenoid tissues of children with otitis media with effusion. | to investigate the relationship between the resistant bacteria in the adenoid tissue and the middle ear effusion of children who underwent myringotomy and adenoidectomy with the diagnosis of otitis media with effusion (ome). | 2002 | 12020912 |
| vaccination and otitis media. | acute otitis media (aom) caused by streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae or moraxella catarrhalis may induce specific systemic and/or local immune responses, which may protect from otitis media caused by the same bacteria. however, earlier clinical trials with pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccines have not been successful in preventing aom. recently developed pneumococcal polysaccharide-protein conjugates proved immunogenic even in infants, and a heptavalent pneumococcal crm 1 ... | 2002 | 12021498 |
| the novel igd binding protein from moraxella catarrhalis induces human b lymphocyte activation and ig secretion in the presence of th2 cytokines. | moraxella igd binding protein (mid) is a novel bacterial outer membrane protein with igd-binding properties. mid was purified from the respiratory pathogen moraxella catarrhalis and is here shown to have b cell stimulatory properties. purified mid in the range of 0.01-0.1 microg/ml was optimal to induce a proliferative response in human pbl. mid coupled to sepharose and formalin-fixed m. catarrhalis preparations induced similar proliferative responses in pbl cultures. mid or mid-sepharose stimul ... | 2002 | 12023354 |
| characterization of unusual bacteria isolated from respiratory secretions of cystic fibrosis patients and description of inquilinus limosus gen. nov., sp. nov. | using a polyphasic approach (including cellular protein and fatty acid analysis, biochemical characterization, 16s ribosomal dna sequencing, and dna-dna hybridizations), we characterized 51 bacterial isolates recovered from respiratory secretions of cystic fibrosis (cf) patients. our analyses showed that 24 isolates belong to taxa that have so far not (or only rarely) been reported from cf patients. these taxa include acinetobacter sp., bordetella hinzii, burkholderia fungorum, comamonas testost ... | 2002 | 12037065 |
| [antibodies to iron-regulated proteins of meningococci in blood sera of healthy persons of different age groups]. | one hundred and twenty individual sera obtained from healthy persons of different age groups were studied for the presence of antibodies to meningococcal iron-regulated proteins (irp). the study revealed that occurrence of such antibodies in sera under study was irp nature- and age-dependent. antibodies to two irp were found to occur most frequently: 85 kd (tbpb) and 72 kd (frpb). antibodies to the former irp were detected in more than 50% and antibodies to the latter irp, in more than 90% of se ... | 2002 | 12043151 |
| [incidence of selected bacterial pathogens of the respiratory tract in patients with bronchial asthma]. | chronic bacterial infections intensify the reactivity of bronchi and aggravate the course and the control of asthma. they cause the disorders of both function and the structure of respiratory epithelium. not only structural elements of bacteria but also their toxins intensify the release of mediators of the inflammatory reaction (leucotriens, histamine, il1, il4, il6, il8, tnf alpha). the aim of our research is to determine the prevalence of microorganisms, which can have an influence on the cou ... | 2002 | 12043306 |
| [yearly changes in antibacterial activities of cefozopran against various clinical isolates between 1996 and 2000--ii. gram-negative bacteria]. | the in vitro antibacterial activities of cefozopran (czop), an agent of cephems, against various clinical isolates obtained between 1996 and 2000 were yearly evaluated and compared with those of other cephems, oxacephems, and carbapenems. thirty-two species 2,697 strains of gram-negative bacteria were isolated from the clinical materials annually collected from january to december, and consisted of moraxella subgenus branhamella catarrhalis (n = 125), escherichia coli (n = 250), citrobacter freu ... | 2002 | 12071094 |
| determination of anti-microbial susceptibilities of haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae and moraxella catarrhalis. | a retrospective study to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern seen in respiratory tract pathogens. | 2002 | 12073719 |
| antibacterial activity of oral antibiotics against community-acquired respiratory pathogens from three european countries. | antimicrobial resistance is universally recognized as a major problem. a european resistance survey was established to monitor the activity of widely used oral antibiotics against common respiratory tract pathogens. studies were conducted in italy, spain and austria to monitor resistance patterns among respiratory streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, streptococcus pyogenes, staphylococcus aureus and klebsiella pneumoniae to amoxicillin, co-amoxiclav, penicilli ... | 2002 | 12077154 |
| pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oral beta-lactam antibiotics as a two-dimensional approach to their efficacy. | pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters are increasingly recognized as important determinants of the therapeutic efficacy of an antibiotic. for beta-lactam antibiotics, the most important determinant of the antimicrobial efficacy, and hence predictor of therapeutic efficacy, is the length of time that serum concentrations exceed the mic. dosing schedules for beta-lactam antibiotics should maintain serum concentrations above the mic for the bacterial pathogen for at least 50% of the dosing ... | 2002 | 12077155 |
| clinical efficacy of cefpodoxime in respiratory tract infection. | acute otitis media (aom), sinusitis and tonsillopharyngitis are respiratory tract infections frequently encountered by primary-care physicians. increasing bacterial resistance, particularly in streptococcus pneumoniae, which is one of the most important respiratory tract bacteria implicated in community-acquired respiratory tract infections, has led to concern about the current options for empirical antibiotic treatment and has prompted a search for effective alternative treatments. data from in ... | 2002 | 12077157 |
| antibiotics in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | the benefit of antimicrobial therapy for patients with an acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (aecb) remains controversial for two main reasons. first, the distal airways of patients with chronic bronchitis are persistently colonised, even during clinically stable periods, with the same bacteria that have been associated with aecb. second, bacterial infection is only one of several causes of aecb. these factors have led to conflicting analyses on the role of bacterial agents and the respons ... | 2002 | 12084002 |
| posttrabeculectomy endophthalmitis caused by moraxella nonliquefaciens. | moraxella nonliquefaciens, a commensal organism of the upper respiratory tract, is generally considered to have low pathogenic potential. we report here two cases of severe endophthalmitis occurring 9 years and 2 months after glaucoma filtration surgery, respectively. apart from sulfonamide, very low mics were recorded for several antibiotics tested. identification was based on phenotypic characteristics in combination with sequencing of the 16s rrna gene. | 2002 | 12089304 |
| in vitro activities of the ketolides abt-773 and telithromycin and of three macrolides against genetically characterized isolates of streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus pyogenes, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis. | 2002 | 12096026 | |
| cost-effective approaches to the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in the era of resistance. | community-acquired pneumonia (cap) infects upwards of four million people in the us each year, of which 20% require subsequent hospitalisation. consequently, it is a large contributor to excessive healthcare resource consumption and cost. since the aetiology of cap is not identified in a majority of patients, treatment is often empiric, aimed at the most common causes, streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, and the atypical pathogens (mycoplasma pneumoniae, chla ... | 2002 | 12109917 |
| the immunoglobulin d-binding part of the outer membrane protein mid from moraxella catarrhalis comprises 238 amino acids and a tetrameric structure. | moraxella catarrhalis igd-binding protein (mid), a 200-kda outer membrane protein comprising 2,139 amino acids, has recently been isolated and shown to display a unique and specific affinity for human igd. to identify the igd-binding region, mid was digested with proteases. in addition, a series of truncated fragments of mid were manufactured and expressed in escherichia coli followed by analysis for igd binding in western and dot blots. the smallest fragment with essentially preserved igd bindi ... | 2002 | 12110669 |
| efficacy and tolerability of gatifloxacin in community treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | recognizing acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (aecb) and selecting appropriate antibiotic treatment for patients who would benefit most is a challenge for community-based physicians. | 2002 | 12117081 |
| a hag mutant of moraxella catarrhalis strain o35e is deficient in hemagglutination, autoagglutination, and immunoglobulin d-binding activities. | previous studies correlated the presence of a 200-kda protein on the surface of moraxella catarrhalis with the ability of this organism to agglutinate human erythrocytes (m. fitzgerald, r. mulcahy, s. murphy, c. keane, d. coakley, and t. scott, fems immunol. med. microbiol. 18:209-216, 1997). in the present study, the gene encoding the 200-kda protein (designated hag) of m. catarrhalis strain o35e was subjected to nucleotide sequence analysis and then was inactivated by insertional mutagenesis. ... | 2002 | 12117964 |
| analysis of penicillin-binding protein genes of clinical isolates of streptococcus pneumoniae with reduced susceptibility to amoxicillin. | the recent emergence of pneumococcal isolates exhibiting an unusual resistance phenotype of higher amoxicillin mics in relation to the penicillin mics prompted an analysis of the pbp genes from three such strains isolated in france. for comparison, three amoxicillin-susceptible strains were included in the study. dna sequence analysis of the pbp2x, pbp2b, and pbp1a genes revealed extensive sequence divergence in all six isolates compared to the sequences of the genes of penicillin-susceptible st ... | 2002 | 12121904 |
| methods for data mining from large multinational surveillance studies. | traditionally, large surveillance studies have been analyzed by the use of the mics at which 90% of isolates tested are inhibited (mic(90)s), mic(50)s, frequency distributions, and percent susceptibility. in the past, these approaches have proved satisfactory for the monitoring of resistance. from these traditional uses, one can readily detect an increase in mics for organism and drug combinations. now that large surveillance studies have been conducted for a number of years and databases have g ... | 2002 | 12121912 |
| dendritic cell influx differs between the subglottic and glottic mucosae during acute laryngotracheitis induced by a broad spectrum of stimuli. | clinically, the subglottic and glottic mucosae may react differently, eg, during acute laryngotracheitis. in healthy rats, we showed previously that the composition of the mucosal immune system of the larynx also differs between these areas. neutrophils, lymphocytes, and dendritic cells (dcs) are part of this mucosal immune system. in particular, dcs occupy a key function. they migrate into inflamed mucosae during the early phase of the immune response, which is normally characterized by an infl ... | 2002 | 12126010 |
| [acute respiratory infections in children attending a child day care center]. | to assess the incidence of acute respiratory infections and bacterial colonization in children attending a daycare center. | 2002 | 12132316 |
| asialo-gm1 and asialo-gm2 are putative adhesion molecules for moraxella catarrhalis. | moraxella catarrhalis is an important pathogen of respiratory and middle ear infections. we previously reported that the attachment of m. catarrhalis to pharyngeal epithelial cells is mediated by ganglioside m2 (gm2). several sets of adhesins or receptors are involved in such attachment process. in this study, we used the same strains and similar bacterial culture conditions as those in our previous study, and demonstrated by thin layer chromatography that m. catarrhalis can also bind to asialo- ... | 2002 | 12137200 |
| incidences of nasopharyngeal colonization of respiratory bacterial pathogens in japanese children attending day-care centers. | in japan, many younger children attending day-care centers tend to frequently experience acute respiratory infections and prolonged otitis media. | 2002 | 12139560 |
| the superantigen gene ypm is located in an unstable chromosomal locus of yersinia pseudotuberculosis. | yersinia pseudotuberculosis produces ypm (y. pseudotuberculosis-derived mitogen), a superantigenic toxin that exacerbates the virulence of the bacterium in vivo. to date, three alleles of the superantigen gene (ypma, ypmb, and ypmc) have been described. these genes are not found in all y. pseudotuberculosis strains and have a low gc content, suggesting their location on mobile genetic elements. to elucidate this question, the genetic environment of the superantigen-encoding genes was characteriz ... | 2002 | 12142419 |
| bacteriologic findings associated with chronic bacterial maxillary sinusitis in adults. | an open-label, multicenter study was performed to assess bacteriologic findings associated with chronic bacterial maxillary sinusitis in adults. seventy aerobic (52.2%) and 64 anaerobic (47.8%) pathogens were recovered from clinically evaluable patients at baseline (before therapy). the most commonly isolated anaerobes were prevotella species (31.1%), anaerobic streptococci (21.9%), and fusobacterium species (15.6%). the aerobes most frequently recovered included streptococcus species (21.4%), h ... | 2002 | 12145727 |
| endotoxin activity of moraxella osloensis against the grey garden slug, deroceras reticulatum. | moraxella osloensis is a gram-negative bacterium associated with phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita, a slug-parasitic nematode that has prospects for biological control of mollusk pests, especially the grey garden slug, deroceras reticulatum. this bacterium-feeding nematode acts as a vector that transports m. osloensis into the shell cavity of the slug, and the bacterium is the killing agent in the nematode-bacterium complex. we discovered that m. osloensis produces an endotoxin(s), which is tolerant ... | 2002 | 12147494 |
| nasopharyngeal carriage of potential bacterial pathogens related to day care attendance, with special reference to the molecular epidemiology of haemophilus influenzae. | nasopharyngeal carriage of haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae, and moraxella catarrhalis was studied in 259 children attending day care centers (dcc) in amsterdam, the netherlands, and in 276 control children. the dcc children were sampled a second time after 4 weeks. carriage rates for dcc children and controls were 58 and 37% for s. pneumoniae, 37 and 11% for h. influenzae, and 80 and 48% for m. catarrhalis, respectively. no increased antibiotic resistance rates were found in str ... | 2002 | 12149338 |
| diagnosis of community-acquired pertussis infection: comparison of both culture and fluorescent-antibody assays with pcr detection using electrophoresis or dot blot hybridization. | diagnosis of bordetella pertussis infection has been difficult due to the low sensitivity of culture. pcr tests have been shown to be more sensitive than culture, but the reported sensitivity of pcr is variable. we evaluated pcr product detection by using either agarose gel electrophoresis (pcr-gel) or dot blot hybridization with (32)p-labeled oligonucleotide probes, and we compared these methods to both culture and direct fluorescent-antibody (dfa) assays with microscopy for the detection of pe ... | 2002 | 12149350 |
| isolation from a healthy carrier and characterization of a neisseria meningitidis strain that is deficient in gamma-glutamyl aminopeptidase activity. | gamma-glutamyl aminopeptidase (ggt) activity is used as a specific marker for the identification of neisseria meningitidis. we isolated from a healthy carrier and characterized an n. meningitidis isolate which lacked the activity due to the insertional mutation of the ggt gene, suggesting that naturally occurring n. meningitidis isolates do not always possess ggt activity. | 2002 | 12149372 |
| high mobility group box chromosomal protein 1 (hmgb1) is an antibacterial factor produced by the human adenoid. | antibacterial factors were purified from human adenoid glands by tissue extraction and consecutive steps of reversed-phase chromatography and assayed for bactericidal activity against the airway pathogen moraxella catarrhalis and also escherichia coli and bacillus megaterium. one of the most active components isolated from adenoids was identified by n-terminal sequence analysis and mass spectrometry as high mobility group box chromosomal protein 1 (hmgb1). this novel finding was further substant ... | 2002 | 12149489 |
| clinical efficacy of new antibacterial therapies in at-risk populations. | infections of the lower respiratory tract, such as community-acquired pneumonia (cap) and acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (aecb), comprise the more serious respiratory tract infections (rtis), and are associated with considerable morbidity and mortality, particularly in groups such as the very young, the elderly and those with co-morbid illness. up to 80% of community-acquired rtis are caused by streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae or moraxella catarrhalis and are ... | 2002 | 12150492 |
| evolving resistance patterns in community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens: first results from the protekt global surveillance study. prospective resistant organism tracking and epidemiology for the ketolide telithromycin. | in recent years, antibacterial resistance among respiratory pathogens implicated in community-acquired respiratory tract infections (rtis) has spread worldwide at an alarming rate. thus, there is a pressing need for new antibacterials that retain activity against resistant organisms, have a low potential to select for resistance and do not induce cross-resistance. telithromycin is the first of a new class of antibacterials - the ketolides - that have been designed specifically to overcome resist ... | 2002 | 12150493 |
| otitis media. | bacterial pathogens are isolated from middle ear fluid in up to 90% of children with acute otitis media (om). streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis predominate. acute om can be classified as uncomplicated, persistent, recurrent or chronic. patient age, symptom severity, prior treatment history and exposure through day-care attendance in children influences pathogen distribution, antimicrobial susceptibility and anticipated clinical and microbiological respons ... | 2002 | 12150687 |
| in vitro assessment of gatifloxacin spectrum and potency tested against haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, and streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from the asia-western pacific component of the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program (1998-1999). | fluoroquinolones, especially the newer agents, have an increased role in the management of respiratory tract infections worldwide. in the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program for the asia-pacific region for 1998 and 1999, 630 streptococcus pneumoniae, 583 hemophilus influenzae and 274 moraxella catarrhalis isolates were examined to determine the comparative activity of the new fluoroquinolone, gatifloxacin, compared with those of ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and trovafloxacin. gatifloxacin w ... | 2002 | 12151193 |
| treatment of acute otitis media consensus recommendations. | the objective of this paper is to provide consensus recommendations for the management of acute otitis media (aom) that pediatricians can incorporate into their daily practices. these recommendations were developed during a roundtable meeting that convened clinicians versed in the management of aom. this meeting was sponsored by an educational grant from smithkline beecham pharmaceuticals. in addition, clinical studies on aom identified via medline search were considered in the development of th ... | 2002 | 12166789 |
| new strains of bacteria and exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | the role of bacterial pathogens in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is controversial. in older studies, the rates of isolation of bacterial pathogens from sputum were the same during acute exacerbations and during stable disease. however, these studies did not differentiate among strains within a bacterial species and therefore could not detect changes in strains over time. we hypothesized that the acquisition of a new strain of a pathogenic bacterial species is assoc ... | 2002 | 12181400 |
| in vitro selection of resistance in haemophilus influenzae by amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefpodoxime, cefprozil, azithromycin, and clarithromycin. | abilities of amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefpodoxime, cefprozil, azithromycin, and clarithromycin to select resistant mutants of haemophilus influenzae were tested by multistep and single-step methodologies. for multistep studies, 10 random strains were tested: 5 of these were beta-lactamase positive. after 50 daily subcultures in amoxicillin-clavulanate, mics did not increase more than fourfold. however, cefprozil mics increased eightfold for one strain. clarithromycin and azithromycin gave a >4-f ... | 2002 | 12183253 |
| autoaggregation, hydrophobic, and hydrophylic properties of moraxella catarrhalis strains. | the hydrophobicity of the bacterial cell surface was evaluated via the salt aggregation test (sat) in 58 strains (19 from the lower and 39 from the upper respiratory tracts) of moraxella catarrhalis in hospitalized patients aged 25 to 65. based on the sat results, the strains were divided into three groups: autoaggregating (highly hydrophobic), hydrophobic, and hydrophilic. at a temperature of 37 degrees c, the autoaggregating, hydrophobic or hydrophilic properties did not depend on the choice o ... | 2002 | 12184444 |
| interference of nontypeable haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis by streptococcus oralis in adenoid organ culture: a possible strategy for the treatment of the otitis-prone child. | the role of viridans group streptococci (streptococcus oralis) in the prevention of colonization with nontypeable haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis was investigated in an adenoid organ culture system. the adenoids from 100 patients who were undergoing adenoidectomy for either hypertrophy or recurrent otitis media were used. streptococcus oralis parker uniformly inhibited colonization with nontypeable h. influenzae or m. catarrhalis over a 24-hour period of incubation in adenoid or ... | 2002 | 12184590 |
| [community-acquired pneumonia--from medical technologist]. | the main causative microorganisms of community-acquired pneumonia are streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and staphylococcus aureus. especially the causative microorganisms affecting whole body basic disease, persons of advanced age, and alcoholic patients are moraxella catarrhalis, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, candida spp., cryptococcus spp., aspergillus spp., pneumocystis carinii and anaerobic bacteria. other microorganisms involved in epidemic disease, action c ... | 2002 | 12187704 |