Publications

characterization of the distal tail fiber locus and determination of the receptor for phage ar1, which specifically infects escherichia coli o157:h7.	phage ar1 is similar to phage t4 in several essential genes but differs in host range. ar1 infects various isolates of escherichia coli o157:h7 but does not infect k-12 strains that are commonly infected by t4. we report here the determinants that confer this infection specificity. in t-even phages, gp37 and gp38 are components of the tail fiber that are critical for phage-host interaction. the counterparts in ar1 may be similarly important and, therefore, were characterized. the ar1 gp37 has a ...	2000	11029414
oral perception in tongue thrust and other oral habits.	oral stereognosis is the ability of the mouth to recognize shape and texture. oral shape recognition is sensitive to repetition and to topical mucosal anesthesia. age, upper and lower arch perimeter, and labiolingual dysfunction also interact with oral stereognosis. the purpose of this investigation was to define the influence of age, arch size, and oral dysfunction on oral stereognosis when submitted to repeated trials. fifty subjects were selected before orthodontic treatment. each subject und ...	2000	11029733
evaluation of treatment and posttreatment changes of protraction facemask treatment using the par index.	the purpose of this study was to use the peer assesment rating (par) index score to evaluate the treatment and posttreatment changes of class iii patients treated by protraction facemask. the sample consisted of 20 chinese children, 6 to 11 years old, with class iii skeletal malocclusion who had been treated with maxillary expansion and a protraction facemask. the average treatment time was 8.2 months, followed by 1 year of retention with a class iii functional appliance. study casts were taken ...	2000	11029737
low dose oral iodized oil for control of iodine deficiency in children.	in areas where iodized salt is not available, oral iodized oil is often used to correct i deficiency despite a lack of consensus on the optimal dose or duration of effect, particularly in children, a main target group. annual doses ranging from 400 to 1000 mg have been advocated for school-age children. because lower doses of iodized oil have been shown to be effective in treating i deficiency in adults, the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a low dose of oral iodized ...	2000	11029963
nmr structure of oxidized glutaredoxin 3 from escherichia coli.	a high precision nmr structure of oxidized glutaredoxin 3 [c65y] from escherichia coli has been determined. the conformation of the active site including the disulphide bridge is highly similar to those in glutaredoxins from pig liver and t4 phage. a comparison with the previously determined structure of glutaredoxin 3 [c14s, c65y] in a complex with glutathione reveals conformational changes between the free and substrate-bound form which includes the sidechain of the conserved, active site tyro ...	2000	11031118
lateralized p3 deficit in schizotypal personality disorder.	reduced, left-lateralized p3 amplitude has been reported in several studies focusing on electrophysiologic function in schizophrenia. also, several lines of evidence suggest a similarity between schizophrenia and schizotypal personality disorder (spd). this study was undertaken to determine the replicability of our previous finding of a left-lateralized p3 amplitude deficit in spd.	2000	11032982
the value of interleukin-12 as an activity marker of pulmonary sarcoidosis.	sarcoidosis is characterized by hyperactivity of t-helper lymphocytes and recent studies showed that they were mainly th1 cells. il-12 is a major cytokine inducing th1 differentiation of naive t cells. this study was performed to test whether il-12 can be a marker for disease activity and possibly a prognosis in sarcoidosis.	2000	11033843
advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the base of the tongue treated with surgery and post-operative radiotherapy.	early stage squamous cell carcinoma of the base of the tongue has been successfully treated with radiotherapy and brachytherapy. however, the vast majority of these tumours seen in western europe are already at an advanced stage. medical records of 79 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the base of the tongue treated between 1980 and 1994 were examined.	2000	11034805
appraisal of treatment strategy by staging laparoscopy for locally advanced gastric cancer.	more accurate preoperative staging is necessary to determine the treatment strategy for locally advanced gastric cancer. thirty-two patients with t3 or t4 gastric cancer expected to undergo curative resection based on conventional examinations underwent staging laparoscopy. the disease stages determined were compared with those obtained by conventional methods. the discrepancy rate of disease staging was 16 of 32 (50.0%), with down-staging in 5 of 32 (15.6%) and up-staging in 11 of 32 (34.4%). o ...	2000	11036293
markers of cell lineage, differentiation and activation.	the most widespread use of cd markers is in the determination of cell lineage and sublineage. for example, t cells are identified by the expression of cd3 (reviewed in this issue of cd corner). a mature t cell may belong to the t4 subset, in which case it will express cd4. similarly, there are markers for other cell populations and sub-populations. within the lineages, it is helpful to distinguish cells at different stages of differentiation and activation. differentiation status is particularly ...	2000	11037056
external beam radiation followed by planned neck dissection and brachytherapy for base of tongue squamous cell carcinoma.	surgical resection of tongue base cancer can leave the patient with significant functional deficits. other therapies, such as external beam radiation followed by neck dissection and radiation implants, have shown equal tumor control with good functional outcome.	2000	11037816
familial papillary thyroid carcinoma: genetics, criteria for diagnosis, clinical features, and surgical treatment.	hereditable predisposition to papillary thyroid carcinoma (ptc) and multinodular goiter (mng) without evidence of an association with other malignancies as a distinct entity was recognized only recently. a meta-review of the literature on familial ptc (fptc) was undertaken, and characteristics of families with frequent occurrence of ptc or mng (or both) were summarized. a database on thyroid cancer patients maintained in our institution was searched for potential fptc families. clinical examinat ...	2000	11038215
the lectin domain of udp-n-acetyl-d-galactosamine: polypeptide n-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase-t4 directs its glycopeptide specificities.	the initiation step of mucin-type o-glycosylation is controlled by a large family of homologous udp-galnac:polypeptide n-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases (galnac-transferases). differences in kinetic properties, substrate specificities, and expression patterns of these isoenzymes provide for differential regulation of o-glycan attachment sites and density. recently, it has emerged that some galnac-transferase isoforms in vitro selectively function with partially galnac o-glycosylated acceptor pe ...	2000	10984485
prospective pulmonary function evaluation following open thoracotomy for anterior spinal fusion in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.	prospective study.	2000	10984783
[autonomy of the thyroid gland: is there an "organ hyperthyroidism" of "euthyroid" patients?].	classic thyrotoxicosis is defined as the clinical syndrome of hypermetabolism that results when concentrations of serum free thyroxine (ft4), serum free triiodothyronine (ft3), or both are increased and serum level of tsh is suppressed. the term of subclinical thyrotoxicosis refers to a usually asymptomatic state associated with normal serum ft4 and ft3 and low serum tsh concentrations.	2000	10985062
[laryngo-hypopharyngo-esophagectomy in advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma. is radical surgery intervention still justified today?].	minimal invasive laser surgery with preservation of the organs is well established in the treatment of hypopharynx carcinoma. in cases of advanced tumors of the hypopharynx, which can not be managed by laser surgery, the combined radio-chemo therapy becomes the treatment of choice because of the low morbidity and the comparable results. the indication for an operative procedure, which means loss of larynx and oesophagus, is seen more and more restrictively. from 1993 to 1997 101 patients with ad ...	2000	10986749
[the definitive radiochemotherapy in patients with t4 and/or m1 (lymph node) squamous-cell carcinoma of the esophagus].		2000	10987025
studies on thyroid function in rats subjected to repeated oral administration with kojic acid.	to elucidate the effects of kojic acid on thyroid function, the compound was given orally to male rats for 4 weeks at 0, 4, 15, 62.5, 250 and 1,000 mg/kg. in 1,000 mg/kg treatment of kojic acid, the rats showed a slight decrease in motility, inhibition of body weight gain, and a decrease in food consumption. an increase in thyroid weight and a morphological change, i.e., hypertrophy of epithelial cells of the thyroid gland follicles, were observed after 1 week of administration. in addition, the ...	2000	10987123
effect of thyroxine on calcium distribution in rat thymocytes in vitro.	chlorotetracycline (ctc) was used as a fluorescent ca2+-sensitive probe to study the redistribution of intracellular membrane-bound ca2+ in thyroxine (t4)-treated rat thymocytes. incubation of thymocytes in the ca2+-supplemented medium in the presence of 1-100 nm t4 for 30 min resulted in a twofold increase in the amount of egta-accessible plasma membrane-bound ca2+ as compared to that in the ca2+-free medium. the induced decrease in ctc fluorescence was more pronounced with the occurrence of re ...	2000	10987386
partial complementation of the dna repair defects in cells from xeroderma pigmentosum groups a, c, d and f but not g by the denv gene from bacteriophage t4.	endonuclease v (denv) from bacteriophage t4 was examined for its ability to complement the dna repair defect in xeroderma pigmentosum (xp) cells from complementation groups a, c, d, f and g. the denv gene was introduced into sv40-transformed normal and xp cells using a retroviral vector. expression of denv resulted in partial correction of uv sensitivity and increased host cell reactivation (hcr) of a uv-damaged reporter gene for xp cells from groups a, c and d, but not those from group g. expre ...	2000	10989608
[contribution of the renin-angiotensin system to blood pressure variability in hyperthyroid rats].	to produce a chronical thyrotoxicosis model in rat, and to evaluate, using spectral analysis, the involvement of the renin-angiotensin system (ras) in short-term variability of blood pressure (bp) in experimental hyperthyroidism.	2000	10989728
optimal dose of intrathecal clonidine added to sufentanil plus bupivacaine for labour analgesia.	the combination of intrathecal (it) 5 microg sufentanil plus 1.25 mg bupivacaine is useful for inducing labour analgesia, albeit of short duration and slow onset. as a supplementation to this regimen, the effect of it clonidine on the duration of analgesic action was investigated.	2000	10989857
anomalous x-ray yields under surface wave resonance during reflection high energy electron diffraction and adatom site determination	in l x-ray emissions from a si(111)-sqrt[3]xsqrt[3]-in surface induced by electron beam irradiation were measured as functions of the incident glancing angle. under surface wave resonance conditions, anomalous x-ray intensities were clearly observed. using dynamical calculations, these intensities are well explained as changes in density of the electron wave field at adatom positions. from these intensities, the adatom site was analyzed, and it was found that the t4 model is better than the h3 m ...	2000	10990693
[malignant maxillary tumors involving the pterygo-maxillary and infratemporal fossae: a series of 200 cases].	at the cranio-maxillo-facial surgery unit of the istituto nazionale per lo studio e la cura dei tumori in milan, italy between 1987 and 1999 200 anterior cranio-facial resections were performed on malignant ethmoid tumors involving the anterior cranial base and extending to the nasal fossae and, at times to the orbit and maxillary and sphenoid sinuses. in the second portion of this case study the authors simplified their surgical technique. the frontal craniotomy was made rectangular and low, pe ...	2000	10992601
[malignant maxillary tumors involving the pterygo-maxillary and infratemporal fossae: a series of 65 patients and a comparison of the 1997 and 1977 uicc-ajcc staging systems].	the prognosis for maxillary malignancies with posterior extension to the pterygo-maxillary and infratemporal fossae is worse than for those with anterior-inferior extrinsication. maxillectomy using only an anterior approach does not enable enblock, radical resection of such tumors. many different approaches to the infratemporal fossae have been described in the literature. the authors use a double infratemporal and transfacial approach. between 1990 and 1998 this approach was used on 65 patients ...	2000	10992602
comparison of succinylcholine with two doses of rocuronium using a new method of monitoring neuromuscular block at the laryngeal muscles by surface laryngeal electromyography.	we compared the onset of neuromuscular block with succinylcholine (1 mg kg-1) and two doses of rocuronium (0.6 and 0.9 mg kg-1) at the adductor pollicis muscle using electromyography (emg) and acceleromyography (amg), and at the adductor laryngeal muscles with a new electromyographic method using a disposable surface electrode attached to the cuff of a tracheal tube. at the larynx, the mean (+/- sd) time to 90% block and the onset time of succinylcholine (38 +/- 15 and 47 +/- 19 s, respectively) ...	2000	10992834
rapacuronium recovery characteristics and infusion requirements during inhalation versus propofol-based anaesthesia.	we examined the effect of four maintenance anaesthetics on the neuromuscular blocking activity and spontaneous recovery characteristics after a short-term infusion of rapacuronium. eighty asa i-iii adult patients undergoing elective surgery were studied at four centres. anaesthesia was induced with propofol 1.5-2.5 mg kg-1 and fentanyl 1-2 micrograms kg-1, followed by a bolus of rapacuronium 1.5 mg kg-1. the patients were randomized to receive either desflurane (2-4% end-tidal, et), sevoflurane ...	2000	10992842
evaluation of thyroid function in dogs suffering from recurrent flank alopecia.	thyroid function was assessed in euthyroid dogs (n = 20), dogs suffering from canine recurrent flank alopecia (crfa, n = 18), and hypothyroid dogs (n = 21). blood samples obtained from all dogs in each group were assayed for total thyroxine (tt4), thyrotropin (tsh), and thyroglobulin autoantibody (tgaa) serum concentrations. total t4 and tsh serum concentrations were significantly decreased and increased, respectively, in the hypothyroid group compared with the other 2 groups. no significant dif ...	2000	10992988
synthesis of 4-thiouridine, 6-thioinosine, and 6-thioguanosine 3',5'-o-bisphosphates as donor molecules for rna ligation and their application to the synthesis of photoactivatable tmg-capped u1 snrna fragments.	4-thiouridine, 6-thioguanosine, and 6-thioinosine 3',5'-bisphosphates (9, 20, and 28) were synthesized in good yields by considerably improved methods. in the former two compounds, uridine and 2-n-phenylacetylguanosine were converted via transient o-trimethylsilylation to the corresponding 4- and 6-o-benzenesulfonyl intermediates (2 and 13), which, in turn, were allowed to react with 2-cyanoethanethiol in the presence of n-methylpyrrolidine to give 4-thiouridine (3) and 2-n-phenylacetyl-6-thiogu ...	2000	10993333
five-day triple therapy in helicobacter pylori-positive duodenal ulcer: an eighteen-month follow-up.	the aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of two different 5-day proton pump inhibitor (ppi)-based triple therapies for helicobacter pylori (hp)-positive duodenal ulcers (dus). eighty-four patients received pantoprazole (pan) 80 mg o.d. (once daily) for 1 week; 88 patients received omeprazole (ome) 40 mg o.d. for 1 week. patients of both groups received clarithromycin (cla) 500 mg b.i.d. (twice daily) and amoxicillin (amo) 1 g b.i.d. for 5 days. all of them were clinically and endoscopic ...	2000	10993428
size versus polarizability in protein-ligand interactions: binding of noble gases within engineered cavities in phage t4 lysozyme.	to investigate the relative importance of size and polarizability in ligand binding within proteins, we have determined the crystal structures of pseudo wild-type and cavity-containing mutant phage t4 lysozymes in the presence of argon, krypton, and xenon. these proteins provide a representative sample of predominantly apolar cavities of varying size and shape. even though the volumes of these cavities range up to the equivalent of five xenon atoms, the noble gases bind preferentially at highly ...	2000	10993735
modeling protein-small molecule interactions: structure and thermodynamics of noble gases binding in a cavity in mutant phage t4 lysozyme l99a.	the complexes of phage t4 lysozyme l99a with noble gases have been studied by molecular dynamics simulation. in a long simulation of the complex with one xe atom, the structure was found to undergo global conformation change involving a reversible opening and closing of the entrance to the substrate-binding site, during which the conformations of the n and c-terminal domains varied little. the distributions of xe positions sampled in dynamics simulations were refined in terms of anisotropic gaus ...	2000	10993736
[inverted papilloma of the nose and paranasal sinuses. long-term outcome of endoscopic endonasal resection].	there is still some skepticism about endoscopic endonasal resection of inverted papillomas. we conducted a long-term retrospective study and examined 104 patients (82 male, 22 female) with inverted papilloma who were operated at the ent-department of the university of erlangen between 1974 and 1997. the endoscopic approach was chosen in each case, either alone or in combination with external approaches. in 64.4% (67 cases), tumors of all t-classes were resected by endoscopic approach alone (t1:1 ...	2000	10994167
[gene riib from bacteriophage t4 in genetic recombination].	the effect of the riib gene on genetic recombination in bacteriophage t4 was studied. relationships between recombination frequency and the physical distance were determined in three series of isomarker two-factor crosses between rii mutants. in the first series of intergenic crosses (riia x riib), the rii gene function was restored owing to complementation. in the second series of crosses, identical to the first one, the riib gene function was suppressed, because the riia parent carried an addi ...	2000	10994495
direct effects of propylthiouracil on testosterone production in monkeys.	propylthiouracil (ptu) is an anti-thyroid drug. however, the direct effects of ptu on the endocrine functions of non-thyroid glands are unclear. in the present study, we examined the acute effects of ptu on testosterone secretion in monkeys. male monkeys were infused intravenously with ptu for 30 min. blood samples were collected at several time intervals. monkey testicular interstitial cells were cultured with ptu, human chorionic gonadotropin (hcg), or forskolin, at 34 degrees c for 1 h. in an ...	2000	10994694
[prevalence of thyroid disorders in patients diagnosed with depression].	to determine the prevalence of thyroid disorders in patients diagnosed with depression.	2000	10996952
a study of peristomal recurrence.	this is a retrospective and a prospective study of 435 laryngectomized patients at the department of otolaryngology, cairo university, between 1987 and 1997. the authors analyze the data of 26 patients who returned with peristomal recurrence. a statistical analysis was performed to determine the correlation between peristomal recurrence, and the site of the primary tumor, its stage, the presence of nodal metastases and the performance of an emergency tracheostomy more than 48 hours before surger ...	2000	10997072
thyroid hormone metabolism in obesity.	serum thyroid hormone concentrations and their metabolic fate are within the normal range limits in obese subjects. also serum tsh concentrations and its response to trh are normal, suggesting that tissue availability of thyroid hormones is normally preserved in these subjects. in contrast, during caloric restriction serum t3 concentrations decrease as a consequence of its reduced production rate from peripheral deiodination of t4. opposite, serum rt3 concentrations markedly increase as a result ...	2000	10997624
thyroid and sympathetic influences on plasma leptin in hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.	to determine the dependence of plasma leptin concentrations upon circulating noradrenaline (na) and thyroid hormones (th) in humans.	2000	10997647
[graves-basedow's disease in childhood and adolescence: clinical and biologic features in 49 patients].	graves' disease is rare in childhood and adolescence.	2000	10998396
glycosyltransferase structure and mechanism.	the high-resolution x-ray crystal structures of a new form of bacteriophage t4 beta-glucosyltransferase, escherichia coli murg, bacillus subtilis spsa, bovine beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 1 and rabbit n-acetylglucosaminyltransferase i have now been solved. these glycosyltransferase structures have provided the first detailed view of the structural basis of catalysis, as well as new insight into glycosyltransferase classification.	2000	11042447
structure and folding of bacteriophage t4 gene product 9 triggering infection. ii. study of conformational changes of gene product 9 mutants using monoclonal antibodies.	gene product 9 (gp9) of bacteriophage t4, whose spatial structure we have recently solved to 2.3 a resolution, is a convenient model for studying the folding and oligomerization mechanisms of complex proteins. the gp9 polypeptide chain consists of 288 amino acids forming three domains. three monomers, packed in parallel, assemble to a functionally active protein. the main aim of this work was to study conformational changes and trimerization of gp9 deletion mutants using monoclonal antibodies (m ...	2000	11042500
evaluation of the validity of the 1997 international union against cancer tnm classification of major salivary gland carcinoma.	the tnm classification (international union against cancer) of salivary gland carcinoma was revised in 1997. in this study, the authors have evaluated the validity of this new tnm classification and clinical staging in 1683 patients with parotid gland carcinoma.	2000	11042558
masses of the tongue and floor of the mouth: findings on magnetic resonance imaging.	the purpose of this study was to determine the value of mr imaging for the demonstration of masses in the tongue and floor of the mouth. nine patients were prospectively examined with mr imaging after physical examination. imaging protocol included t2 and contrast-enhanced and non-contrast-enhanced t1-weighted turbo spin-echo sequences, and the findings were compared with surgical and histopathological results. histopathological examination revealed four squamous cell carcinomas, one adenoid cys ...	2000	11044946
severity of hyperemesis gravidarum correlates with serum levels of reverse t3.	to investigate the possible physiological relevance of extra-thyroidal production of reverse t3 (rt3) in hyperemesis gravidarum, measurements of serum rt3, free t3 (ft3), free t4, (ft4), and nonesterified fatty acids (nefa) were correlated with weight loss of hyperemetic women. all the thyroid hormones, nefas and weight loss were significantly higher in hyperemesis gravidarum than in control subjects, and also higher than in those with milder symptoms of morning sickness (p < 0.05). elevations o ...	2000	11045323
[evaluation of new tnm classification for lung cancer, especially t3n0m0, stage iiia, stage iiib, and pm].	the purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of new tnm staging system for lung cancer in 1997, especially t3n0m0, stage iiia, stage iiib, and pm. five-year survival rates of the patients with stage iiia and stage iiib were 16% and 18% respectively (ns). five-year survival rates of patients with t3n1m0, t1n2m0, t2n2m0, and t3n2m0 were 40%, 28%, 15%, and 3%, respectively. the prognosis of t3n2m0 was significantly worse than that of t3n1m0, t1n2m0, and t2n2m0. five-year survival rates of ...	2000	11048439
[assessment of the new tnm classification for resected lung cancer].	to evaluate the revised tnm classification, we investigated the prognoses of 552 consecutive patients who had resection of non-small-cell lung cancer between april 1982 and march 1996. according to the new classification, the 5-year survival rate was 76.9% for stage i a, 57.2% for stage i b (i a versus i b, p < 0.0005), 47.7% for stage iia, 49.8% for stage iib, 18.6% for stage iiia (iib versus iiia, p = 0.005), 16.7% for stage iiib, and 7.9% for stage iv (iiib versus iv, p = 0.02). especially fo ...	2000	11048441
[the validity and problems of a new staging system for lung cancer from the point of view of surgical results].	the validity and problems of the new staging system for resected lung cancer were assessed. in the new staging system for primary lung cancer, stage i is divided into two groups (a and b) on the basis of the tumor diameter. the boundary is 30 mm in maximum diameter of the tumor. on the other hand, intrapulmonary satellite nodules in the resected lung (pm1) are considered as t4. this means that a patient with pm1 is classified as stage iiib or iv. the five-year cumulative survival rates of 191 co ...	2000	11048444
atrial natriuretic peptide and thyroid hormones' relation to plasma and heart calcium and magnesium concentrations of wistar rats exposed to cold and hot ambients.	plasma anp (atrial natriuretic peptide), thyroid hormones, and calcium and magnesium levels as well as heart tissue calcium and magnesium concentrations were determined in male wistar rats after exposure of 114 rats at low temperature (4 degrees c) and 95 rats at high temperature (35-36 degrees c) for 28 d. plasma anp, triiodothyronine (t3), thyroxine (t4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (tsh), free t3, and free t4 were estimated by radioimmunoassay, and plasma and heart tissue levels of ca and mg ...	2000	11049208
role of presympathetic c1 neurons in the sympatholytic and hypotensive effects of clonidine in rats.	the rostral ventrolateral medulla (rvlm) may play an important role in the sympatholytic and hypotensive effects of clonidine. the present study examined which type of presympathetic rvlm neuron is inhibited by clonidine, and whether the adrenergic presympathetic rvlm neurons are essential for clonidine-induced sympathoinhibition. in chloralose-anesthetized and ventilated rats, clonidine (10 microg/kg iv) decreased arterial pressure (116 +/- 6 to 84 +/- 2 mmhg) and splanchnic nerve activity (93 ...	2000	11049859
staging of rectal cancer by double-contrast mr imaging using the rectally administered superparamagnetic iron oxide contrast agent ferristene and iv gadodiamide injection: results of a multicenter phase ii trial.	the aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of double-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (mri) with rectal application of the superparamagnetic iron oxide contrast agent (spio) ferristene and iv gadodiamide for preoperative staging of rectal cancer. in a randomized phase ii dose-ranging trial, 113 patients were studied preoperatively with one of four different formulations of ferristene (abdoscan) as an enema before mri. t1-weighted spin-echo (t1w se) and t2w turbo spin-echo (tse) single-c ...	2000	11050634
reversion of arge3 ochre strain escherichia coli ab1157 as a tool for studying the stationary-phase (adaptive) mutations.	adaptive (starvation-associated) mutations occur in non-dividing cells and allow growth under the selective conditions imposed. we developed a new method for the determination of adaptive mutations in escherichia coli. the system involves reversion to prototrophy of the arge3oc mutation and was tested on ab1157 strains mutated in the mutt and/or muty genes. the bacteria that mutated adaptively grow into colonies on minimal medium plates devoid of arginine (starvation conditions) when incubated l ...	2000	11051211
esophageal dilation for endosonographic evaluation of malignant esophageal strictures is safe and effective.	endoscopic ultrasound (eus) is accepted as the most accurate modality for t- and n-staging of esophageal cancer, but some malignant strictures prevent passage of the echoendoscope beyond the level of the tumor. this incomplete evaluation may decrease staging accuracy. previous studies have yielded conflicting results regarding the safety and efficacy of esophageal dilation for eus.	2000	11051353
[conservative treatment of adenocarcinomas of the anorectal junction by preoperative radiotherapy and intersphincteral resection].	adenocarcinomas of the anorectal junction, especially t3 lesions, are usually treated by abdominoperineal resection. the aim of this study was to evaluate oncologic and functional results following conservative radiosurgical treatment of cancers of the anorectal junction.	2000	11051690
increased plasma levels of corticosterone and prolactin and decreased t3 and t4 levels in short-term prehepatic portal hypertension in rats.	corticosterone, t3, t4, and prolactin serum concentrations at 24 hr (n = 10), 15 days (n = 10), and 45 days (n = 10) of postoperative (postop) evolution were assayed to study the neuroendocrine response to portal hypertension. a triple stenosing ligature of the portal vein was used as the surgical technique of portal hypertension. this technique does not produce mortality and causes a decrease in the serum concentrations of t3 (0.043 +/- 0.009 vs 0.55 +/- 0.08 ng/ml) and t4 (3.93 +/- 0.55 vs 4.6 ...	2000	11052333
assessment of sex hormone-binding globulin and osteocalcin in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery.	to determine sex hormone-binding globulin (shbg) and osteocalcin (oc) levels in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery to clarify the status of peripheral thyroid metabolism and to correlate shbg and oc with thyroid hormones and adverse postoperative events.	2000	11052436
radiology of the retropharyngeal space.	the retropharyngeal space extends from the skull base to the t4 vertebral level and contains the retropharyngeal nodes superiorly and fatty tissue elsewhere. this space is important as it is a potential route for the spread of infection and malignancy. this pictorial essay outlines the anatomy of the retropharyngeal space and illustrates the various disease processes that may be seen in region.chong, v. f. h., fan, y. f. (2000). clinical radiology55, 740-748.	2000	11052873
[the value of spiral ct in the staging of carcinomas of the oral cavity and of the oro- and hypopharynx].	to compare spiral and conventional ct in the staging of carcinomas of the oral cavity, the oropharynx and hypopharynx.	2000	10955294
morphological and functional development of the thyroid tissue in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) embryos.	the development of the thyroid tissue in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) embryos between 20 and 88 days postfertilization (dpf) was studied using traditional histological methods in combination with immunostaining using antibodies raised against l-thyroxine (t4) and triiodo-l-thyronine (t3). in 20 dpf embryos, the thyroid primordium appeared as a simple tube aligned with the dorsal surface of the ventral aorta. the tubular primordium becomes progressively bifurcated at each end and follicles ...	2000	10955719
peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones: a review.	peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones is a critical component of the impact these hormones have on intracellular function. thyroid hormones can be metabolized in peripheral tissue by deiodination, conjugation, deamination, and decarboxylation enzyme reactions. therefore, alterations in these metabolic pathways might significantly impact the quantity of specific thyroid hormone metabolites influencing function at the cellular level. available evidence also suggests that, under some circumstan ...	2000	10956378
natural variation in the amino acid sequence around the hiv type 1 glycoprotein 160 cleavage site and its effect on cleavability, subunit association, and membrane fusion.	to assess the natural variation of the structure of the cleavage site as well as the n-terminal region of gp41 for the cytopathogenicity of hiv-1, syncytium-inducing (si) and non-syncytium-inducing (nsi) virus isolates were obtained from hiv-1-infected patients. in addition, the coreceptor usage of the isolates was determined by infection of primary macrophages and pm-1 cells. dna sequences encoding the c-terminal 41 amino acid residues of gp120 and the 64 amino acid n-terminal residues of gp41 ...	2000	10957721
the use of resolvases t4 endonuclease vii and t7 endonuclease i in mutation detection.		2000	10957979
the prevalence and clinical significance of blocking thyrotropin receptor antibodies in untreated hyperthyroid graves' disease.	the goal of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance of the blocking thyrotropin receptor antibodies (tshrab) in graves' disease. the amount of blocking and stimulating tshrab were measured in 200 patients with untreated hyperthyroid graves' disease using several cell lines carrying different tshr chimera. stimulating tshrab were measured in chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells with wild-type human tshr (cho-htshr) or a tshr chimera with residues 90-165 (mc2) or 8-165 (mc1+2) substitute ...	2000	10958310
parasitic thyroid nodule in a patient with hashimoto's chronic thyroiditis.	a case of parasitic thyroid nodule is presented. the patient was a non symptomatic 53-year-old white woman, on irregular course of l-thyroxine to treat hypothyroidism due to hashimoto's thyroiditis. without a history of thyroid trauma or surgery, she presented a 1.6 x 0.7 x 0.5cm right pre-laryngeal lymph node-like mass which, on ultrasonography, appeared distinct from the gland. tsh, thyroid peroxidase antibody and thyroglobulin antibody serum levels were elevated and t4-free level was normal. ...	2000	10959126
increased angiogenin expression in gastric cancer correlated with cancer progression.	the purpose of this study is to elucidate the expression of angiogenin and its previously undemonstrated clinical significance in gastric cancer (gc).	2000	10961390
video-assisted transthoracic sympathectomy in the treatment of primary hyperhidrosis: friend or foe?	the authors hypothesize that palmar hyperhidrosis is a systemic manifestation of abnormal sudomotor function; consequently, thoracoscopic sympathectomy to alleviate symptoms in the hands may result in heat dissipation because sweating is transferred to other sites. to investigate this phenomenon and to determine whether it adversely affects patient satisfaction, a standard questionnaire was administered to 626 patients who underwent sympathectomy at a university-associated public hospital betwee ...	2000	10961751
bladder neck involvement at radical prostatectomy: positive margins or advanced t4 disease?	to assess the prognosis of patients with bladder neck (bn) involvement in radical prostatectomy specimens and compare it with patients with seminal vesicle invasion (svi) presumed to have an inferior stage according to the tnm classification.	2000	10962313
neurophysiological follow-up of motor cortical output in stroke patients.	transcranial magnetic stimulation (tms) has been employed in following up a population of 20 stroke patients in a post-acute, apparently stabilized stage. neurophysiological and clinical data were recorded in 5 different recording sessions, from the beginning of a neuro-rehabilitation treatment (t0, at about 5 weeks from the ictal event.), followed up for about 4 months (t4), with the purpose to study any modification of the cortical motor output in the course of a neuro-rehabilitation treatment ...	2000	10964084
the assessment of risk to acquired hypothyroidism from exposure to pcbs: a study among akwesasne mohawk women.	pcbs are a family of 209 chemical compounds, each of which consists of two benzene rings and 1 to 10 chlorine atoms. their long-term stability and dispersion into the environment and the food chain have caused concern about their impact on humans and the environment. native american communities are believed to be at particularly high risk of such exposure since they typically are more dependent than other populations on local fish and game as a food source. we have evidence for a significant exc ...	2000	10965441
epidermal growth factor receptor, muc-1 and muc-2 in bladder cancer.	the aim of this study was to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (egfr), mucin-1 (muc-1) and mucin-2 (muc-2) proteins in primary bladder carcinomas and to compare egfr and muc staining patterns with the histological findings, grade and stage of bladder carcinoma. fifty-six surgical specimens obtained from superficial and deeply invasive bladder carcinomas were studied. of the 56 bladder tumors 42 (75%) expressed egfr, 34 (60.71%) muc-1 and 15 (26.78 ...	2000	10965823
transthyretin regulates thyroid hormone levels in the choroid plexus, but not in the brain parenchyma: study in a transthyretin-null mouse model.	transthyretin (ttr) is the major t4-binding protein in rodents. using a ttr-null mouse model we asked the following questions. 1) do other t4 binding moieties replace ttr in the cerebrospinal fluid (csf)? 2) are the low whole brain total t4 levels found in this mouse model associated with hypothyroidism, e.g. increased 5'-deiodinase type 2 (d2) activity and rc3-neurogranin messenger rna levels? 3) which brain regions account for the decreased total whole brain t4 levels? 4) are there changes in ...	2000	10965897
serum levels of the cytokines il-1beta, il-6 and icam-1 after 131i-treatment of graves' disease and nodular goiter.	cytokines might be involved in the immunological flare up, seen in some patients after 131i-treatment. therefore, we measured serum levels of interleukin-6 (il-6), interleukin-1beta (il-1beta), interleukin-6 soluble receptor (il-6sr) and intercellular-adhesion-molecule-1 (icam-1) as well as tumor necrosis factor (tnf-alpha) after 131i-treatment of graves' disease and nodular goiter. seven patients with graves' disease, eight with toxic nodular goiter and seven with non-toxic nodular goiter, were ...	2000	10965935
surgical management of malignant melanoma using dynamic lymphoscintigraphy and gamma probe-guided sentinel lymph node biopsy: the emory experience.	sentinel lymph node (sln) biopsy is revolutionizing the surgical management of primary malignant melanoma. it allows accurate nodal staging which targets patients who may benefit from regional lymphadenectomy and systemic therapy. this is a retrospective review of patients treated at emory university for stage i and ii malignant melanoma with gamma probe-guided sln biopsy from 1/1/94 to 6/30/98. three hundred sixty patients (males 228, females 132) were identified. primary melanoma sites include ...	2000	10966037
coupling of open reading frames by translational bypassing.	translational bypassing joins the information found within two disparate open reading frames into a single polypeptide chain. the underlying mechanism centers on the decoding properties of peptidyl-transfer rna (trna) and involves three stages: take-off, scanning, and landing. in take-off, the peptidyl-trna/messenger rna (mrna) complex in the p site of the ribosome dissociates, and the mrna begins to move through the ribosome. in scanning, the peptidyl-trna probes the mrna sliding through the de ...	2000	10966462
structure of bacteriophage t4 gene product 11, the interface between the baseplate and short tail fibers.	bacteriophage t4, like all other viruses, is required to be stable while being transmitted from host to host, but also is poised to eject efficiently and rapidly its double-stranded dna genome to initiate infection. the latter is coordinated by the recognition of receptors on escherichia coli cells by the long tail fibers and subsequent irreversible attachment by the short tail fibers. these fibers are attached to the baseplate, a multi-subunit assembly at the distal end of the tail. recognition ...	2000	10966799
biochemical characterization of an atpase activity associated with the large packaging subunit gp17 from bacteriophage t4.	double-stranded dna-packaging in icosahedral bacteriophages is believed to be driven by a packaging "machine" constituted by the portal protein and the two packaging/terminase proteins assembled at the unique portal vertex of the empty prohead shell. although atp hydrolysis is evidently the principal driving force, which component of the packaging machinery functions as the translocating atpase has not been elucidated. evidence suggests that the large packaging subunit is a strong candidate for ...	2000	10967092
neuro-cognitive activity during a self-paced visuospatial task: comparative eeg profiles in marksmen and novice shooters.	log-transformed eeg power spectral estimates (6-7, 9,10-11,18-22, and 36-44 hz), obtained from skilled marksmen and novice shooters at sites f3, f4, c3, c4,t3, t4, p3, p4, o1, and o2 during the aiming period (6 s) of a target shooting task for each of 40 trials up to the moment of trigger pull, were contrasted to determine regional differences in cortical activation. the eeg power obtained from both groups during the preparatory aiming period was also compared to that observed for a similar time ...	2000	10967230
clinical staging of esophageal carcinoma. ct, eus, and pet.	ct is readily available to all patients. it is relatively inexpensive and fees are usually reimbursed. it provides exquisite anatomic detail of the chest and abdomen in patients with esophageal cancer. the only reliable use of ct in the determination of t is the exclusion of t4 tumors, which is suggested by the preservation of fat planes. enlarged lymph nodes are suspicious for metastatic disease but require further study or tissue sampling if nodal metastases will determine treatment. its major ...	2000	10967751
expression of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (igfbps) before and during the hormone sensitive period of adipose tissue development in the fetal pig.	the present study examined the influence of fetal age and thyroxine (t4) and growth hormone (gh) treatment, on the expression of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (igfbps) in fetal pigs. on day 70 of gestation fetuses were either hypophysectomized (hypox), hypox and implanted with t4 pellets, or left intact, and were recovered 5, 10, 15 and 20 days following hypox and t4 pellet placement. intact fetuses were also recovered from several dams at 50 days of gestation. in additional dams, ...	2000	10969885
auditory attention processing in 5-year-old children born preterm: evidence from event-related potentials.	the assumption that children born preterm have difficulties in maintaining active attention was tested in passive and active tasks. twenty 5-year-old children born preterm at 26 to 32 weeks gestational age were compared with 20 children born at term, matched for age and iq, using an auditory paradigm. in the passive task participants had to watch a videotape of a cartoon and ignore auditory stimuli. in the active task they had to detect a rare tone (the 'target' tone; 10% of the tones presented) ...	2000	10972420
comparison of two different anesthesia regimens in patients undergoing aortocoronary bypass grafting surgery: sufentanil-midazolam versus remifentanil-propofol.	to compare intraoperative hemodynamics and depth of anesthesia using sufentanil-midazolam (sm) versus remifentanil-propofol (rp) anesthesia.	2000	10972607
[quantitative electroencephalography in obsessive-compulsive disorder: preliminary results].	the predictive value of quantitative electroencephalography (eegq) was investigated with regard to the pharmacological treatment of 10 non-medicated obsessive-compulsive disorder (ocd) patients diagnosed according to dsm-iv criteria. the following variables were selected: bipolar relative power in alpha band for cz-c3, cz-c4, t3-t5, t4-t6, t3-f7 and t4-f8; bipolar relative power in theta band for cz-c3, cz-c4, t3-t5, t4-t6, t3-f7 and t4-f8; and monopolar relative power in theta band for fp1, fp2 ...	2000	10973109
inactivation of the mouse melanocortin-3 receptor results in increased fat mass and reduced lean body mass.	genetic and pharmacological studies have defined a role for the melanocortin-4 receptor (mc4r) in the regulation of energy homeostasis. the physiological function of mc3r, a melanocortin receptor expressed at high levels in the hypothalamus, has remained unknown. we evaluated the potential role of mc3r in energy homeostasis by studying mc3r-deficient (mc3r(-/-)) mice and compared the functions of mc3r and mc4r in mice deficient for both genes. the 4-6-month mc3r-/- mice have increased fat mass, ...	2000	10973258
in vivo and in vitro function of groel mutants with impaired allosteric properties.	escherichia coli cells that produce only plasmid-encoded wild-type or mutant groel were generated by bacteriophage p1 transduction. effects of mutations that affect the allosteric properties of groel were characterized in vivo. cells containing only groel(r197a), which has reduced intra-ring positive cooperativity and inter-ring negative cooperativity in atp binding, grow poorly upon a temperature shift from 25 to 42 degrees c. this strain supports the growth of phages t4 and t5 but not phage la ...	2000	10973985
divergent effects of protein kinase c (pkc) inhibitors staurosporine and bisindolylmaleimide i (gf109203x) on bone resorption.	activation of protein kinase c (pkc) has been suggested to play a role in bone resorption. however, phorbol esters, which activate pkc, have been reported to have both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on bone resorption. to study the role of pkc in bone resorption further, we have measured calcium release elicited by bone-resorbing hormones from isolated bones incubated with the pkc inhibitors staurosporine (st) and the more pkc-selective st analog bisindolylmaleimide i (gf109203x; gf). in fet ...	2000	10974200
proliferation parameters in epidermoid carcinomas of the anal canal.	in a prospective study, we assessed the proliferation parameters in primary epidermoid carcinomas of the anal canal, and results were compared with those in cervical carcinomas.	2000	10974385
outcome predictors for 143 patients with superior sulcus tumors treated by multidisciplinary approach at the university of texas m. d. anderson cancer center.	superior sulcus tumors (sst) of the lung are uncommon and constitute approximately 3% of non-small cell lung cancer (nsclc). these tumors cause specific symptoms and signs, and are associated with patterns of failure that differ from those seen for nsclc tumors in other nonapical locations. prognostic factors and most effective treatments are controversial. we conducted a retrospective study at the university of texas m. d. anderson cancer center to identify outcome predictors for patients with ...	2000	10974447
postradiotherapy prostate biopsies: what do they really mean? results for 498 patients.	postradiotherapy (rt) prostate biopsies are prone to problems in interpretation. false negatives due to sampling error, false positives due to delayed tumor regression, and indeterminate biopsies showing radiation effect in residual tumor of uncertain viability are common occurrences.	2000	10974448
three-dimensional small-volume irradiation for residual or recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma.	to minimize side effects and to achieve a high local control rate, three-dimensional (3d) small-volume irradiation was used for locally residual or recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma.	2000	10974467
external beam radiotherapy dose response characteristics of 1127 men with prostate cancer treated in the psa era.	to characterize the relationship of radiotherapy dose to prostate cancer patient outcome, with an emphasis on the influence of pretreatment prognostic variables.	2000	10974469
[an influence of combined treatment of laryngeal cancer on thyroid gland activity].	the aim of the research work was to estimate the risk of functional complications arising within thyroid after radiotherapy, when thyroid of patients being ill with carcinoma of head and neck area skin was afflicted with radiation beam as well as to examine whether the circadian rhythmand concentration of hypophysis and thyroid hormones are dependent on combined treatment. the group contained 18 pilot patients treated with combined method, which were examined for concentration and circadian rhyt ...	2000	10974843
[results of surgical treatment in advanced (t3, t4) cancer of the larynx].	in ent clinic of medical academy in szczecin 962 patients with advanced cancer of the larynx was surgically treated between 1976 to 1995 year. in this group local statement of t3 was observed in 510 cases (53%) and t4 in 452(47%). in the analysis group total laryngectomy was performed in 506 (62.3%) cases, subtotal laryngectomy with phonatory way reconstruction was performed in 234 (24.4%) cases, partial laryngectomy with airway reconstruction in 223 cases (in this number horizontal partial lary ...	2000	10974892
medico-legal implications of hidden thyroid dysfunction: a study of two cases.	in this paper we present two cases in which thyroid disorders were unexpectedly brought to view. the question we ponder is whether hidden thyroid dysfunction may be important in the cause, mechanism and manner of death, or just an incidental discovery during the post-mortem examination. a short literature review has been conducted in order to evaluate previously reported cases of thyroid pathology and sudden death. the significance of post-mortem evaluation of thyroid hormones (t3 and t4) will b ...	2000	10976189
investigation and outcome of neonatal hepatitis in infants with hypopituitarism.	congenital hypopituitarism is a recognized cause of neonatal hepatitis, but the diagnosis may be difficult to establish even if clinically suspected. in order to determine the natural history of this disorder, the outcome of 12 infants with neonatal hepatitis secondary to hypopituitarism is reviewed. the clinical diagnosis of hypopituitarism was established on a combination of features, which include dysmorphism (4 infants), optic nerve hypoplasia (8 infants), micropenis (5 male infants) and rec ...	2000	10976837
a dominant negative creb (camp response element-binding protein) isoform inhibits thyrocyte growth, thyroid-specific gene expression, differentiation, and function.	camp mediates the effects of tsh by regulating thyroid follicular cell proliferation, differentiation, and function. to assess the functional importance of the camp response element binding protein (creb) in thyroid follicular cell regulation in vivo, we targeted the expression of a dominant negative (dn) creb isoform to the thyroid glands of transgenic mice using a tissue-specific promoter. transgenic mice exhibited severe growth retardation and primary hypothyroidism. serum levels of tsh were ...	2000	10976922
adult medulloblastoma: prognostic factors and patterns of relapse.	to determine the patterns of relapse and the prognostic factors for adult medulloblastomas treated in the magnetic resonance imaging era.	2000	10981749
evaluation of a human immunometric assay for the determination of thyroid-stimulating hormone in nonhuman primates.	sera from nine species of clinically healthy nonhuman primates were assayed for t4 and thyroid-stimulating hormone (tsh) using human immunoassays (a fluorescence polarization immunoassay for t4, a microparticle enzyme immunoassay for tsh). the t4 levels ranged from 20 to 132 nmol/l (x +/- sd = 62.8 +/- 24.7 nmol/l). levels of tsh were detected only in western lowland gorillas (gorilla gorilla gorilla) and sumatran orangutans (pongo pygmaeus abelii) (range, 0.4-10.8 miu/l; detectable limit = 0.01 ...	2000	10982149
the paramyxovirus simian virus 5 v protein slows progression of the cell cycle.	infection of cells by many viruses affects the cell division cycle of the host cell to favor viral replication. we examined the ability of the paramyxovirus simian parainfluenza virus 5 (sv5) to affect cell cycle progression, and we found that sv5 slows the rate of proliferation of hela t4 cells. the sv5-infected cells had a delayed transition from g(1) to s phase and prolonged progression through s phase, and some of the infected cells were arrested in g(2) or m phase. the levels of p53 and p21 ...	2000	10982362
survey and summary: holliday junction resolvases and related nucleases: identification of new families, phyletic distribution and evolutionary trajectories.	holliday junction resolvases (hjrs) are key enzymes of dna recombination. a detailed computer analysis of the structural and evolutionary relationships of hjrs and related nucleases suggests that the hjr function has evolved independently from at least four distinct structural folds, namely rnase h, endonuclease, endonuclease vii-colicin e and rusa. the endonuclease fold, whose structural prototypes are the phage lambda exonuclease, the very short patch repair nuclease (vsr) and type ii restrict ...	2000	10982859
euthyroid hyperthyrotropinemia secondary to hyperestrogenemia in a male with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.	a 10-year-old boy with congenital adrenal hyperplasia and associated hyperplastic testicular adrenal rests had high serum concentrations of 17-oh progesterone (17-ohp), estradiol (e2), testosterone (t), and basal and trh-stimulated tsh and prl, but normal thyroid hormones (t3, t4, ft3, ft4) and thyroxine-binding globulin (tbg). upon dexamethasone therapy, steroid hormones returned progressively toward normal as did both prl and tsh; prl declined faster than tsh. serum e2 correlated better with p ...	2000	10983628