Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| treatment of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: 1995 poll of members of the european society for paediatric infectious diseases. | among the lower respiratory tract infections during infancy requiring hospitalization, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis is the most frequent disease entity. nevertheless treatment remains controversial. | 1997 | 9154540 |
| ribavirin therapy in bone marrow transplant recipients with viral respiratory tract infections. | treatment with ribavirin was instituted in 12 allogeneic and one autologous bone marrow transplant (bmt) recipients with proven respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), influenza b virus or parainfluenza virus infections. rsv was diagnosed in six cases, influenza b virus in four and parainfluenza virus in three patients. ribavirin was given orally or intravenously (15-20 mg/kg/day in three divided doses) and in nine cases with the addition of ribavirin inhalations (6 g/day). three patients required ve ... | 1997 | 9156264 |
| phosphoprotein profile analysis of ruminant respiratory syncytial virus isolates. | to determine the apparent molecular weight for 24 ruminant respiratory syncytial viruses (rsv) on the basis of differences in the electrophoretic mobility of the phosphoprotein (p protein). | 1997 | 9140554 |
| subgroup specific protection of mice from respiratory syncytial virus infection with peptides encompassing the amino acid region 174-187 from the g glycoprotein: the role of cysteinyl residues in protection. | we identified subgroup specific protective epitopes represented by the amino acid regions 174-187 and 171-187 of the g glycoproteins from respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), subgroups a and b. mice immunized with coupled synthetic peptides corresponding to either the region 174-187 containing a cys186-->ser substitution or to the native region 171-187 were completely resistant to rsv infection but only to the respective virus. the protective activities of the peptides 174-187 were dependent on th ... | 1997 | 9141214 |
| induction of protective immunity in rodents by vaccination with a prokaryotically expressed recombinant fusion protein containing a respiratory syncytial virus g protein fragment. | a subunit approach to the development of a respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine was investigated. it involved the production, in escherichia coli, of an rsv (long) g protein fragment (g2na) as a c-terminal fusion partner to an albumin binding region (bb) of streptococcal protein g. g2na incorporated amino acid residues 130-230 and was specifically recognized by murine anti-rsv-a polyclonal serum. in mice, intraperitoneal immunization with bbg2na induced high anti-rsv-a serum elisa titers an ... | 1997 | 9143271 |
| cationic liposome-mediated expression of hiv-regulated luciferase and diphtheria toxin a genes in hela cells infected with or expressing hiv. | hiv-regulated expression of the diphtheria toxin a fragment gene (hiv-dt-a) is a potential gene therapy approach to aids. since cationic liposomes are safe and non-immunogenic for in vivo gene delivery, we examined whether lipofectamine or dmrie reagent could mediate the transfection of hiv-dt-a (ptha43) or the hiv-regulated luciferase gene (pluca43) into hiv-infected or uninfected hela cells. pluca43 was expressed at a 10(3)-fold higher level in hela/lav cells than in uninfected hela cells, whi ... | 1997 | 9150276 |
| myogenin expression is necessary for commitment to differentiation and is closely related to src tyrosine kinase activity in quail myoblasts transformed with rous sarcoma virus. | quail myoblasts transformed with a temperature-sensitive mutant of rous sarcoma virus (qm-rsv cells) proliferate at 35.5 degrees c, a permissive temperature for rsv, but differentiate at 41 degrees c, a nonpermissive temperature, with the formation of multinucleated myotubes and the synthesis of muscle-specific proteins. tyrosine kinase activity of the src gene product derived from rsv is closely related to regulation of this temperature-dependent differentiation, and the cells obtain commitment ... | 1997 | 9157009 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants and young children. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children. epidemics occur yearly from december to march or april, leading to 100,000 hospitalizations in the united states at an estimated cost of $300 million. physical examination findings may include clear coryza, evidence of respiratory distress, wheezing, and dehydration. complications include apnea. mortality runs as high as 0.5% to 1.5% in hospitalized patients. diagnosis ... | 1997 | 9420581 |
| prevention and treatment recommendations for respiratory syncytial virus infection. background and clinical experience 40 years after discovery. | though 40 years have passed since its discovery, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), one of the most ubiquitous viruses known, continues to evade most of our efforts to prevent or treat the clinical disease it causes. long recognised as the most common cause of lower respiratory tract infections in virtually all children in the first 2 years of life, it has been increasingly recognised as a cause of more serious disease in several 'high risk' populations. these populations include infants with ca ... | 1997 | 9421694 |
| comparison of sequences of rnas 3 and 4 of rice stripe virus from china with those of japanese isolates. | the sequences were determined of rnas 3 and 4 of a chinese isolate (y) of rice stripe tenuivirus (rstv) and were compared with those of two rstv isolates (m and t) from japan. both rnas of the y isolate were longer than those of the m and t isolates. there was almost complete conservation in the 5' and 3' non-coding regions for each rna between the isolates. the analogous ambisense coding regions for each isolate were exactly the same size and the sequences were highly conserved. the major diffe ... | 1997 | 9421874 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-immunoglobulin intravenous (rsv-igiv) for respiratory syncytial viral infections: part i. | rsv is a highly contagious, devastating disease, especially in high-risk infants. rsv infection typically presents as an upper respiratory tract infection and then may progress to the lower respiratory tract, causing pneumonia and bronchiolitis. the signs, symptoms, and severity of rsv infection vary with age and the number of previous rsv infections. young age, premature birth, a crowded living environment, day care attendance, and exposure to passive smoking are risk factors for more severe rs ... | 1997 | 9423415 |
| adenovirus-mediated gene transfer during initial organogenesis in the mammalian embryo is promoter-dependent and tissue-specific. | replication-defective adenoviruses have received increasing attention as vectors for exogenous gene administration in a variety of experimental and pathological conditions. however, little information exists about their utility for in utero gene therapy, and no information exists concerning their efficacy for gene delivery during initial organogenesis in the mammalian embryo. to evaluate the feasibility of using these vectors for exogenous gene transduction during the initial stages of organogen ... | 1997 | 9425436 |
| [bronchiolitis: revision of 153 cases and comparative study of ribavirin treatment]. | we try in this paper to improve the knowledge of the main epidemiological, clinic, evolutive and therapeutic data in cases of children suffering from bronchiolitis in our medium; we analyze particularly the possible usefulness of ribavirin as a causal treatment. | 1997 | 9157802 |
| production of env-deficient rous sarcoma virus (rsv) early after infection. | production of defective virus particles during the early stage of rous sarcoma virus (rsv) infection of chicken embryo fibroblasts (cef) was examined. rsv harvested 2 days post infection (2pi) had 10 to 30 times lower specific infectivity (focus forming units/unit reverse transcriptase activity) than 5pi harvest. virus particles produced on day 2 contained less env proteins than particles harvested on day 5. the amount of other viral proteins was equal in particles harvested on day 2 and day 5. ... | 1997 | 9158953 |
| adjuvants influence the quantitative and qualitative immune response in balb/c mice immunized with respiratory syncytial virus fg subunit vaccine. | the ability of monophosphoryl lipid a (mpl), qs-21 and alum to alter the immunologic response to immunization with respiratory syncytial virus a chimeric fg construct (fg) subunit vaccine was examined in balb/c mice. fg/mpl, fg/alum, and fg/mpl/qs-21 combinations increased non-neutralizing antibody response, while fg/qs-21 did not. fg subunit vaccine with mpl, qs-21, or both had cytokine responses more closely resembling primary infection than fg/alum, with decreased interleukin-4 mrna levels an ... | 1997 | 9160520 |
| restriction pattern variability of respiratory syncytial virus during three consecutive epidemics in denmark. | a pcr-based assay was used to distinguish between respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) group a and b in order to analyze their prevalence in denmark in three consecutive epidemics during the winters of 1992/93, 1993/94 and 1994/95. a total of 96 rsv strains isolated from hospitalized children were examined, showing alternation of group prevalence. furthermore, the genetic variability of the rsv isolates was illustrated by restriction enzyme analysis of pcr products originating from a part of the f ... | 1997 | 9164473 |
| gene transfer into enteric neurons of the rat small intestine in organ culture using a replication defective recombinant herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv1) vector, but not recombinant adenovirus vectors. | we have designed a system in which to test gene transfer into gut neurons consisting of an organ culture of neonatal rat small intestine. the tissue was exposed to herpes simplex- and adenovirus-derived vectors: (1) a temperature-sensitive herpes simplex virus-1 (hsv1) vector (tsk-beta gal) containing the lacz gene encoding beta-galactosidase (beta-gal), under the transcriptional control of the hsv1 immediate-early 3 (ie3) promoter; (2) rad35, an e1-/e3- replication-deficient adenovirus expressi ... | 1997 | 9176519 |
| antibodies against chlamydia pneumoniae, cytomegalovirus, enteroviruses and respiratory syncytial virus in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica. | to investigate the association between the onset of polymyalgia rheumatica (pmr) and prior or persistent infection with chlamydia pneumoniae or cytomegalovirus (cmv) (both known to infect the vessel wall) enteroviruses (ev) or respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). | 1997 | 9177926 |
| determinants and kinetics of cytokine expression patterns in lungs of vaccinated mice challenged with respiratory syncytial virus. | the development of a successful respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine will be advanced by an improved understanding of the pathogenesis of natural disease and vaccine-enhanced illness. using a murine model, we have examined cytokine message expression and cytokine secretion in lungs of mice primed with killed or live antigens and challenged with rsv. stable cytokine mrna expression was achieved if the prime-challenge interval was 2 weeks. the pattern of expression of interleukin-4 (il-4) and ... | 1997 | 9178456 |
| expression from cardiomyocyte-specific promoter after adenovirus-mediated gene transfer in vitro and in vivo. | adenoviruses are very attractive vectors for gene transfer into the cardiac muscle; however, their promiscuous tissue tropism, leading to an ectopic expression of the transgene, is a considerable practical limitation. to restrict expression of a reporter gene in cultured cardiomyocytes and in the heart of the rat, we have constructed a recombinant adenovirus (ad-mlc2 beta gal) containing the beta-galactosidase gene under the control of the rat ventricle-specific cardiac myosin light chain 2 (mlc ... | 1997 | 9181118 |
| nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infections: prevention and control in bone marrow transplant patients. | to assess the effectiveness of a multifaceted infection control strategy in limiting the nosocomial transmission of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection to patients in a bone marrow transplant (bmt) unit. | 1997 | 9181397 |
| respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin treatment of rsv lower respiratory tract infection in previously healthy children. | to evaluate the efficacy of high titer respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) immune globulin (rsvig) in the treatment of previously healthy children hospitalized with proven rsv lower tract infection (lri). | 1997 | 9374560 |
| nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infection in canadian pediatric hospitals: a pediatric investigators collaborative network on infections in canada study. | to determine nosocomial transmission of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in canadian pediatric hospitals, outcomes associated with nosocomial disease, and infection control practices. | 1997 | 9374561 |
| crystals of rous sarcoma virus capsid protein show a helical arrangement of protein subunits. | crystals of rous sarcoma virus (rsv) capsid protein diffract x rays to 3.5 a resolution and belong to the monoclinic space group c2 with unit cell parameters a = 374.4 a, b = 128.1 a, c = 200.2 a, and beta = 121.8 degrees. one asymmetric unit of the crystal may contain between 28 and 35 molecules, based on reasonable crystal density assumptions. a self-rotation function and patterson synthesis suggest that rsv capsid protein crystallizes as a helical array. the determinants of the viral particle ... | 1997 | 9375011 |
| rehospitalization with respiratory syncytial virus after neonatal intensive care unit discharge: a 3-year follow-up. | this study sought to determine 1) the incidence of rehospitalization with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection within a 3-year follow-up among infants discharged from the neonatal intensive care unit (nicu), and 2) to examine associations between age at readmission and medical and sociodemographic characteristics among infants rehospitalized with rsv. | 1997 | 9382909 |
| long term follow-up of children hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection and randomly treated with ribavirin or placebo. | to determine the long term effects of ribavirin therapy in children hospitalized for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) lower respiratory tract infection. | 1997 | 9384333 |
| molecular mechanics calculations on rous sarcoma virus protease with peptide substrates. | molecular models of rous sarcoma virus (rsv) protease and 20 peptide substrates with single amino acid substitutions at positions from p4 to p3', where the scissile bond is between p1 and p1'. were built and compared with kinetic measurements. the unsubstituted peptide substrate. pro-ala-val-ser-leu-ala-met-thr, represents the nc-pr cleavage site of rsv protease. models were built of two intermediates in the catalytic reaction, rsv protease with peptide substrate and with the tetrahedral interme ... | 1997 | 9385639 |
| respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) sh and g proteins are not essential for viral replication in vitro: clinical evaluation and molecular characterization of a cold-passaged, attenuated rsv subgroup b mutant. | a live, cold-passaged (cp) candidate vaccine virus, designated respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) b1 cp-52/2b5 (cp-52), replicated efficiently in vero cells, but was found to be overattenuated for rsv-seronegative infants and children. sequence analysis of reverse-transcription-pcr-amplified fragments of this mutant revealed a large deletion spanning most of the coding sequences for the small hydrophobic (sh) and attachment (g) proteins. northern blot analysis of cp-52 detected multiple unique re ... | 1997 | 9391135 |
| the need for inotropic support in a subgroup of infants with severe life-threatening respiratory syncytial viral infection. | we experienced an unusual complication of life-threatening respiratory syncytial viral disease cardiovascular compromise. life-threatening respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection has predominancy involved with ventilatory support for respiratory distress and/or failure. we performed a retrospective chart review of 20 consecutive infants admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (picu) for impending respiratory failure. | 1997 | 9394100 |
| evaluation of two live, cold-passaged, temperature-sensitive respiratory syncytial virus vaccines in chimpanzees and in human adults, infants, and children. | two live-attenuated, cold-passaged (cp), temperature-sensitive (ts) candidate vaccines, designated cpts530/1009 and cpts248/955, were attenuated, genetically stable, and immunogenic in chimpanzees and were highly attenuated for human adults. in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-seropositive children, cpts530/1009 was more restricted in replication than cpts248/955. in seronegative children, 10(4) pfu of cpts248/955 was insufficiently attenuated, and a high titer of vaccine virus was shed (mean p ... | 1997 | 9395351 |
| rate of seasonal spread of respiratory syncytial virus in a pediatric hospital. | the rate of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection was measured in a large pediatric hospital using an incidence density method. the at-risk days for nosocomial rsv were summed during a defined winter period in which there were 54 admissions with community-acquired rsv infection giving a rate of 2.9 cases per 1,000 at-risk days (95% confidence interval, 0.3-5.4 per 1,000). | 1997 | 9397377 |
| recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing the f, g or n, but not the m2, protein of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) induce resistance to brsv challenge in the calf and protect against the development of pneumonic lesions. | the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of recombinant vaccinia viruses (rvv) encoding the f, g, n or m2 (22k) proteins of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) were evaluated in calves, the natural host for brsv. calves were vaccinated either by scarification or intratracheally with rvv and challenged 6 to 7 weeks later with brsv. although replication of rvv expressing the f protein in the respiratory tract was limited after intratracheal vaccination, the levels of serum and pulmonary an ... | 1997 | 9400970 |
| secretory igm and iga antibodies to respiratory syncytial virus in nasopharyngeal aspirates: a diagnostic supplement to antigen detection. | rsv-shedding during an rsv-infection declines dramatically after the first week of infection. it could be of interest to be able to diagnose rsv-infection for a longer period of time by detection of specific rsv-igm and rsv-iga in nasopharyngeal aspirates (npa) in order to minimize unnecessary antibiotics. | 1997 | 9406652 |
| improved detection of respiratory syncytial virus in nasal aspirates by seminested rt-pcr. | a seminested rt-pcr for amplification of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-rna in nasal aspirates has been developed and used to test nasopharyngeal aspirates (npas) from 132 infants hospitalized with acute respiratory tract infections during winter epidemics. the results were compared with those obtained by virus isolation in tissue culture and antigen detection with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ag-elisa). rsv-rna was detected by seminested rt-pcr in 57 of the 59 samples that were posi ... | 1997 | 9407385 |
| update: respiratory syncytial virus activity -- united states, 1997-98 season. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), a common cause of winter outbreaks of acute respiratory disease, results in an estimated 90,000 hospitalizations and 4500 deaths each year from lower respiratory tract disease among infants and young children in the united states. outbreaks occur annually throughout the country. rsv activity in the united states is monitored by the national respiratory and enteric virus surveillance system (nrevss), a voluntary, laboratory-based system. this report summarizes t ... | 1997 | 9408044 |
| transfection of human endothelial cells. | the introduction of recombinant genes into endothelial cells provides a method to study specific gene products and their effect on cell function. in addition, endothelial cells can be used for implantation into vessels or prosthetic vascular grafts. because transfection efficiencies in human endothelial cells have been low, it is important to develop improved gene transfer techniques. therefore, several transfection methods were optimized and transfection efficiencies were determined. | 1997 | 9415297 |
| analysis of tissue-specific gene delivery by recombinant adenoviruses containing cardiac-specific promoters. | to approach heart muscle diseases by gene transfer, an adenoviral vector system was intended to be established suitable for gene expression in ventricular and/or atrial myocardium. | 1997 | 9415302 |
| pantropic retroviral vector integration, expression, and germline transmission in medaka (oryzias latipes). | pantropic retroviral vectors were used to introduce transgenes into japanese medaka (oryzias latipes). these vectors contain the long terminal repeat (ltr) sequence of moloney murine leukemia virus (mo-mlv) and a reporter gene (neo or lacz) regulated by the ltr sequence of rous sarcoma virus (rsv). because these pseudotyped retroviral vectors contain the vesicular stomatitis virus envelope glycoprotein (vsv-g), they have an extremely broad host cell range and can infect many no mammalian species ... | 1997 | 9418287 |
| cells and mediators from pharyngeal secretions in infants with acute wheezing episodes. | an acute wheezing episode is the most common feature of severe lower respiratory tract infection during infancy. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major causative agent. in order to study inflammation during acute wheezing episodes in infants, we wanted to assess the feasibility and contribution of induction of pharyngeal secretions. we therefore compared inflammatory markers in the pharyngeal secretions of 27 infants suffering from acute wheezing episodes with an rsv infection (rsv+) and ... | 1997 | 9426101 |
| adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to cultured nodose sensory neurons. | recent advances have enabled transfer of genes to various types of cells and tissues. the goals of the present study were to transfer genes to nodose sensory neurons using replication-deficient adenovirus vectors and to define the conditions needed to optimize the gene transfer. neurons were dissociated from rat nodose ganglia and maintained in culture. cultures were exposed for 30 min to vectors containing the beta-galactosidase gene lacz driven by either the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) or the cyt ... | 1997 | 9427504 |
| high-level expression of exogenous genes by replication-competent retrovirus vectors with an internal ribosomal entry site. | we report the construction of two types of rous sarcoma virus (rsv)-based replication-competent avian retrovirus vectors, ir1 and ir2 to express an exogenous gene at a very high level. in these vectors, the internal ribosomal entry site (ires) derived from encephalomyocarditis virus (emcv) was inserted between the env gene and an exogenous gene. the ir1 vector retains the splicing acceptor site that is present in the downstream of the env gene while the ir2 vector lacks it. using a v-fos mutant ... | 1997 | 9427541 |
| rsv specimen collection methods: nasal vs. nasopharyngeal. | to compare two types of specimen collection methods for rsv (respiratory syncytial virus): nasal wash and nasopharyngeal wash. | 1997 | 9429523 |
| animal models of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | over the past two decades, animal models of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection have been developed using primates, cotton rats, mice, calves, guinea pigs, ferrets, and hamsters. use of these models has shed light on the mechanisms of vaccine-enhanced disease seen in clinical trials of a formalin-inactivated rsv vaccine and has provided a means for testing efficacy and safety of candidate prophylactic and therapeutic strategies. the development of multiple animal models has coincided wit ... | 1997 | 9431379 |
| human prostate cancer progression models and therapeutic intervention. | our laboratory has developed two cellular models of human prostate cancer progression. the lncap prostate cancer progression model is based upon the well-known cellular interaction between human prostate or bone stromal cells and lncap cells in vivo. the marginally tumorigenic lncap cells acquired tumorigenic and metastatic potential upon cellular interaction with either prostate or bone fibroblasts. a subline termed c4-2 was observed to grow readily in castrated animals and acquired metastatic ... | 1997 | 9436028 |
| [respiratory syncytial viruses: pathogenesis, immunology and disease prevention]. | immunopathologic mechanism has been proposed to be involved in the pathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus infections. this review examines the current understanding of the role of immunopathologic mechanisms in rsv infections. the role of vaccines in inducing hypersensitivity is also discussed. | 1997 | 9441498 |
| nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infection in a newborn nursery. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has been recognized as a major nosocomial hazard on pediatric wards, but symptomatic rsv infection is uncommon during the first four weeks of life. we report here four cases of neonatal rsv infection in a special-care newborn nursery and two of them probably acquired the infection nosocomially. by rapid diagnosis using immunofluorescent technique and early implementation of infection control measures, we were able to prevent further spread of rsv infection. | 1997 | 9443085 |
| analysis of the bovine respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein (f) using monoclonal antibodies. | seven monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed against bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) fusion (f) protein were produced and characterized by radioimmunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence assays. these seven mabs together with the previously described mabs (beeler and van wyke coelingh, 1989) to the f protein of human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) were used to study the antigenic variation of 12 strains of ungulate rsv. all except one mabs specific for the hrsv-f protein reacted wit ... | 1997 | 9453129 |
| adrenomedullin gene delivery reduces blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats. | adrenomedullin (adm) is a potent vasoactive peptide. in this study, we explored the effects of a continuous supply of adm by somatic gene delivery on spontaneously hypertensive rats (shr). dna constructs containing the human adm cdna fused to either the cytomegalovirus promoter (cmv-cadm) or rous sarcoma virus 3'-long terminal repeat (rsv-cadm) were intravenously injected into shr through the tail vein. expression of human adm in shr was identified in the kidney, adrenal gland, heart, and lung b ... | 1997 | 9453262 |
| cd8+ t cells control th2-driven pathology during pulmonary respiratory syncytial virus infection. | balb/c mice vaccinated with vaccinia virus expressing the major surface glycoprotein g of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) develop lung eosinophilia during rsv challenge. the g protein is remarkable in that it induces cd4+, but no cd8+ t cells in this mouse strain. studies using passive t cell transfers show that co-injection of cd8+ t cells greatly reduces the th2-driven lung eosinophilia caused by g-specific cd4+ t cells. by contrast, vaccination with the fusion protein (f) induces both cd8+ ... | 1997 | 9464822 |
| respiratory syncytial virus genotypes and disease severity among children in hospital. | to determine the spectrum of n and g genotypes of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causing respiratory tract infection and whether particular genotypes are associated with severity of infection. | 1997 | 9496185 |
| [etiology of acute lower respiratory tract infections among children younger than 5 years old in santa fe]. | the etiology of acute lower respiratory tract infections (ari) and nasopharyngeal bacterial carriage in children less than 5 years old living in santa fe city, argentina, was studied. a total of 518 children were included in the study: 450 suffering from ari and 68 asymptomatic children. blood samples, pleural effusions and nasopharyngeal secretions (ns) were obtained from children for bacterial isolations. ns was also used for fluorescent antibody techniques, and serum samples were employed for ... | 1997 | 9532829 |
| standardization of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) for quantitative estimation of antibodies specific for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza-3 virus, and bovine viral diarrhea virus. | commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) for detection of serum antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), parainfluenza-3 virus (pi3v), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (ibrv) were standardized to give a quantitative result when testing was performed at a single optimum dilution. for each test, serum samples were titrated and their end point titers calculated by an algebraic method directly from a plot of each titration series a ... | 1997 | 9087921 |
| respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis is associated with the clinical signs and symptoms of small airway obstruction. a major public health problem throughout the world, this condition is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality. management is primarily preventive, through strict hand washing, avoidance of exposure during the respiratory illness season and intravenously administered prophylactic anti-rsv immune globulin, especially in selected small infants with underlying c ... | 1997 | 9092277 |
| respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin intravenous: indications for use. american academy of pediatrics committee on infectious diseases, committee on fetus and newborn. | respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin intravenous (rsv-igiv) has been approved by the food and drug administration for use in the prevention of severe rsv infections in infants and children younger than 24 months with bronchopulmonary dysplasia or a history of premature birth (< or = 35 weeks of gestation). rsv-igiv administered monthly during the rsv season resulted in a 41% to 65% reduction in hospitalization rates in two clinical trials; however, rsv-igiv is costly, and intravenous admi ... | 1997 | 9093323 |
| analysis of linear epitopes recognised by the primary human antibody response to a variable region of the attachment (g) protein of respiratory syncytial virus. | the sites of linear epitopes in a variable region of the attachment (g) glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) that are recognised by the human antibody response were examined. two sets of overlapping 12mer peptides each representing the carboxy-terminal 84 or 85 amino acids of the g protein of two group a isolates of human rsv were synthesised. these peptides were analysed using enzyme-linked immunosorbant assays (elisa) for their reactions with sera obtained from infants with primar ... | 1997 | 9093944 |
| antigenic structure of the central conserved region of protein g of bovine respiratory syncytial virus. | epitopes were resolved at the amino acid level for nine monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed against the central conserved region of protein g of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv-g). peptide binding studies showed which amino acids in the epitope contributed to antibody binding. the details of the epitopes were compared with the high-resolution structure of a synthetic peptide corresponding to the central conserved region of brsv-g, and this indicated which face of the central conserved ... | 1997 | 9094683 |
| acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by respiratory syncytial virus. | acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards) complicating severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection has been described in only a few infants. in contrast to the low mortality rates usually associated with rsv infections (< 5%), mortality rates in the range of 40-70% have been reported in pediatric patients with ards. however, studies on patients with ards are usually lumped with respect to causation, and the disease course of rsv-induced ards has not been previously studied. we examined t ... | 1997 | 9094725 |
| twenty years of outpatient respiratory syncytial virus infection: a framework for vaccine efficacy trials. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important viral respiratory pathogen of infancy and childhood. much has been written about inpatients with severe disease. inpatients, however, represent only a minority of rsv-infected children. we studied the characteristics of symptomatic outpatient rsv infection in healthy children to gain a better understanding of rsv disease and to provide a background for the testing of intervention strategies in children without high-risk conditions. | 1997 | 9099764 |
| does ribavirin impact on the hospital course of children with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection? an analysis using the pediatric investigators collaborative network on infections in canada (picnic) rsv database. | to determine the relationship between receipt of aerosolized ribavirin and the hospital course of high-risk infants and children with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) lower respiratory infection (lri). | 1997 | 9099772 |
| picnic (pediatric investigators collaborative network on infections in canada) study of the role of age and respiratory syncytial virus neutralizing antibody on respiratory syncytial virus illness in patients with underlying heart or lung disease. | to determine the effects of age and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) antibody status on frequency and severity of rsv infections in children with underlying heart or lung disease. | 1997 | 9099774 |
| inducible high-level expression vector for mammalian cells, pef-lac carrying human elongation factor 1alpha promoter and lac operator. | we have constructed an inducible high-level expression vector, pef-lac. pef-lac has a modified human polypeptide chain elongation factor 1alpha (ef-1alpha) promoter containing three lactose operator sequences. using the cat reporter gene, we characterized the transcriptional activity of pef-lac. in the transient transfection of nih3t3 and baf3 cells, the transcriptional activity of pef-lac was higher than that of the original human elongation factor 1alpha promoter, simian virus 40 (sv40) promot ... | 1997 | 9099894 |
| severity of respiratory syncytial virus infection is related to virus strain. | the relationship between respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) strain and disease severity was assessed in 265 hospitalized infants over a 3-year period (1988-1991). a severity index of clinical and physiologic parameters was used to grade illness severity. multivariate analysis of 134 infants infected with group a rsv strains and 131 infants infected with group b strains indicated that prematurity, underlying medical conditions, group a rsv infection, and age < or =3 months were independently assoc ... | 1997 | 9086135 |
| immunoprophylaxis of group b respiratory syncytial virus infection in cotton rats. | two antigenic groups of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) have been identified: a (rsv/a) and b (rsv/b). topical administration of human igg screened for high titers of antibody to rsv/a (rsvig) is protective against rsv/a infection in the cotton rat model. the study attempted to determine if topical rsvig would also be protective against rsv/b. cotton rats were pretreated intranasally with rsvig or with monospecific antiserum obtained from animals previously infected with rsv/a or rsv/b (day 0) ... | 1997 | 9086152 |
| the guinea pig as a model for the study of maternal immunization against respiratory syncytial virus infections in infancy. | maternal immunization might protect infants from severe disease due to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). guinea pigs are susceptible to infections with rsv and transfer antibodies to their offspring prenatally. pregnant guinea pigs were immunized by infection with rsv and their offspring were challenged intranasally with rsv. pulmonary viral replication was compared among the pups born to immunized mothers (group a) and the pups from nonimmune mothers (group b) in two studies. mean (+/-sd) log1 ... | 1997 | 9086153 |
| persistence of airway hyperresponsiveness and viral antigen following respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in young guinea-pigs. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis in infancy is known to be followed by chronic respiratory symptoms and airway hyperresponsiveness in a subgroup of patients. to further investigate the pathogenesis of rsv-induced chronic airway pathology, we infected young guinea-pigs at 4 weeks of age with rsv applied as an aerosol (n=30), and control guinea-pigs with virus-free culture medium (n=24). infection was confirmed by positive antibody titre to rsv after 6 weeks, and by typical patholog ... | 1997 | 9072998 |
| respiratory syncytial virus triggers synthesis of il-6 in balb/c mouse alveolar macrophages in the absence of virus replication. | cytokines produced by alveolar macrophages are likely involved in the regulation of the immune response arising from respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. both infectious and uv-inactivated rsv were effective in inducing balb/c mouse alveolar macrophages to synthesize increased levels of il-6 mrna and secreted il-6 protein. no increase in il-1beta (either mrna or secreted protein) was observed. the augmented production of il-6 was activated by purified virus and was reduced by pretreating ... | 1997 | 9073384 |
| follow-up of children with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in 1986 and 1987: potential effect of ribavirin on long term pulmonary function. the bronchiolitis study group. | hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis is considered a risk factor for reactive airway disease and/or abnormal pulmonary function tests (pfts) later in childhood. this study attempted to assess this observation with newer pfts and to determine whether ribavirin therapy of initial rsv infection may affect the long term outcome. | 1997 | 9076814 |
| chicken yb-2, a y-box protein, is a potent activator of rous sarcoma virus long terminal repeat-driven transcription in avian fibroblasts. | we have previously reported on the cloning and characterization of chk-yb-2, a novel member of the y-box family of proteins, that binds to the sequence 5'-gtaccacc-3' present on the noncoding strand of the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) long terminal repeat (ltr) in a single-strand-specific manner. here, we demonstrate that deletion or mutation of this motif not only eliminates chk-yb-2 binding in vitro but also down-regulates rsv ltr-driven transcription in avian cells. selective abrogation of chk-yb ... | 1997 | 9060644 |
| improved oxygenation after discontinuing neuromuscular blockade. | to evaluate the effects of prolonged neuromuscular blockade (nmb) on oxygenation and duration of mechanical ventilation in children with respiratory failure. | 1997 | 9069009 |
| physiological effects of adenoviral gene transfer of sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium atpase in isolated rat myocytes. | in myocardial cells, relaxation is governed primarily by the sarcoplasmic reticulum (sr) ca(2+)-atpase transporting enzyme, which regulates ca2+ sequestration into the sr. human and experimental cardiomyopathies are associated with reduced sr ca(2+)-atpase activity. | 1997 | 9008460 |
| detection of antibodies to respiratory syncytial virus attachment and nucleocapsid proteins with recombinant baculovirus-expressed antigens. | the ability to measure antibodies against individual respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) proteins is important in the analysis of immune responses to rsv. we expressed the nucleocapsid (n) protein and the group a and b rsv attachment (g) proteins from recombinant baculoviruses. the three recombinant rsv proteins were used individually in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa; bac-elisa for results from assays of all three proteins). the bac-elisa results were compared to the results obtained ... | 1997 | 9003595 |
| rhinovirus infection associated with serious lower respiratory illness in patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. | to determine the characteristics of rhinovirus infection in patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. | 1997 | 9002100 |
| guidelines for prevention of nosocomial pneumonia. centers for disease control and prevention. | this document updates and replaces cdc's previously published "guideline for prevention of nosocomial pneumonia" (infect control 1982;3:327-33, respir care 1983;28:221-32, and am j infect control 1983;11:230-44). this revised guideline is designed to reduce the incidence of nosocomial pneumonia and is intended for use by personnel who are responsible for surveillance and control of infections in acute-care hospitals; the information may not be applicable in long-term-care facilities because of t ... | 1997 | 9036304 |
| adenovirus-mediated suicide gene therapy for experimental bladder cancer. | to determine the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of suicide gene therapy using adenoviral-mediated herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene (hsv-tk) and the prodrug ganciclovir (gcv) in a murine model of human transitional cell carcinoma. | 1997 | 9037277 |
| inhibition of respiratory syncytial virus replication by antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotides. | oligodeoxyribonucleotides targeted against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) genomic rna inhibited rsv replication in cell culture by an apparent antisense mechanism. hep-2 cells were infected with rsv strain a2 and incubated in the presence of oligonucleotides. virus replication was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), virus yield assay, or production of specific rsv mrnas. using elisa, 50% effective concentration (ec50) values were about 0.5-1 microm for an antisense oligonuc ... | 1997 | 9037376 |
| hypotension in transgenic mice overexpressing human bradykinin b2 receptor. | bradykinin binds to its receptor at target organs and exerts a wide spectrum of biological activities including vasodilation, smooth muscle contraction and relaxation, pain, and inflammation. to gain a better insight into the physiological function of this potent vasoactive peptide, we created transgenic mice that harbor the human bradykinin b2 receptor transgene under the control of the rous sarcoma virus 3'-ltr promoter (rsv-chbkr). expression of hbkr in these transgenic mice was identified in ... | 1997 | 9039147 |
| respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) immune globulin intravenous therapy for rsv lower respiratory tract infection in infants and young children at high risk for severe rsv infections: respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin study group. | to evaluate the efficacy of high-titer intravenous respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin (rsvig) in the treatment of children at high risk for severe rsv infection who were hospitalized with proven rsv. | 1997 | 9041304 |
| respiratory syncytial virus induces selective production of the chemokine rantes by upper airway epithelial cells. | the presence of histamine and eosinophil cationic protein in nasopharyngeal secretions of infants with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced bronchiolitis implies the activation of basophil and eosinophil leukocytes, but the specific mechanism of their recruitment has not been elucidated. chemokines are potent and selective leukocyte chemotactic molecules that are also expressed by airway epithelial cells. therefore, the pattern of chemokines produced in response to rsv infection was investi ... | 1997 | 9041319 |
| extracorporeal life support for the treatment of viral pneumonia: collective experience from the elso registry. extracorporeal life support organization. | viral pneumonia is the most common indication for pediatric extracorporeal life support (ecls). despite this fact, no previous studies have directly stratified patient outcome according to viral etiology. | 1997 | 9044128 |
| adenovirus-mediated delivery of human kallistatin gene reduces blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats. | human kallistatin, or human tissue kallikrein-binding protein (hkbp), is a serine proteinase inhibitor (serpin). transgenic mice overexpressing rat kallikrein-binding protein are hypotensive. to elucidate therapeutic potentials of kallistatin in hypertension, the human kallistatin gene in an adenoviral vector was directly introduced into spontaneously hypertensive rats (shr) through portal vein injection. the kallistatin cdna construct (rsv-chkbp) under the promoter control of rous sarcoma virus ... | 1997 | 9048201 |
| targeting rna decay with 2',5' oligoadenylate-antisense in respiratory syncytial virus-infected cells. | treatment of human cells with 2',5' oligoadenylate covalently linked to antisense (2-5a-antisense) results in the selective cleavage of targeted rna species by 2-5a-dependent rnase l. here we show that 2-5a-antisense containing stabilizing modifications at both termini are effective in suppressing the replication of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in human tracheal epithelial cells. the affinity of 2-5a-antisense for different regions in the rsv m2 and l mrnas was predicted from a computer-gen ... | 1997 | 9050883 |
| cell lines containing and expressing the human herpesvirus 6a ts gene are protected from both h-ras and bpv-1 transformation. | human herpesvirus 6a (hhv-6a) strain u1102 was previously shown to contain a 1473 bp transformation suppressor gene (ts) (araujo et al., 1995). ts inhibited transformation of nih3t3 cells by h-ras and transcription of the h-ras and human immunodeficiency type 1 (hiv-1) promoters in transient transfection experiments. in the current study, stable nih3t3 cell lines expressing ts protein were established by transfection with prc-ts containing the ts gene under the control of the rous sarcoma virus ... | 1997 | 9050993 |
| increase in cd23+ b cells in infants with bronchiolitis is accompanied by appearance of ige and igg4 antibodies specific for respiratory syncytial virus. | infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) may induce asthma-like symptoms and rsv-specific ige in infected infants as a result of th2-like response to rsv. the effect of rsv infection on the expression of b cell antigens cd21 and cd23, putative participants in th2 responses, was investigated. samples from bronchiolitic infants (n = 19) were tested by three-color immunofluorescence flow cytometry during the acute phase of infection and 4-6 weeks later. in 6 of 10 rsv-positive infants, the ... | 1997 | 8985193 |
| virus-specific memory and effector t lymphocytes exhibit different cytokine responses to antigens during experimental murine respiratory syncytial virus infection. | mice sensitized to the g (attachment) or f (fusion) glycoproteins of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) expressed different patterns of cytokine production and lung pathology when challenged by intranasal infection with rsv. five days after challenge, mice sensitized to g glycoprotein produced high levels of interleukin-4 (il-4) and il-5 in the lungs and spleens and developed extensive pulmonary eosinophilia, while mice sensitized to f glycoprotein produced il-2 and developed a mononuclear cell i ... | 1997 | 8985399 |
| splicing efficiency of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 tat rna is determined by both a suboptimal 3' splice site and a 10 nucleotide exon splicing silencer element located within tat exon 2. | we have previously demonstrated that an exon splicing silencer (ess) is present within human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1)tat exon 2. this 20 nucleotide (nt) rna element acts selectively to inhibit splicing at the upstream 3'splice site (3'ss #3) flanking this exon. in this report, we have used in vitro splicing of mutated rna substrates to determine the sequences necessary and sufficient for the activity of the ess. the activity of the ess within tat exon 2 maps to a 10 nt core sequence ... | 1997 | 9016638 |
| antigenic and molecular analyses of the variability of bovine respiratory syncytial virus g glycoprotein. | antigenic variation among eight bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) isolates was determined using monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific for the attachment (g) protein. two major (and one intermediate) subgroups were identified, as well as one strain that did not fit any pattern. the subgroups could also be differentiated on the basis of the mr of the f protein cleavage product, f2. the nucleotide sequence of the g gene of seven of the brsv strains was determined and compared with published ... | 1997 | 9018058 |
| androgen-dependent cell cycle arrest and apoptotic death in pc-3 prostatic cell cultures expressing a full-length human androgen receptor. | to assess the function of androgen receptor in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells, human pc-3 prostate carcinoma cells, which lack androgen receptor (ar) expression, were transfected with a full length human ar cdna sequence inserted into an episomal expression vector system. several clonal lines of transfected cells expressing varying levels of a 110 kda ar, as determined by immunoblotting and ligand binding assay, were isolated. the expressed ectopic receptors displayed nuclear binding ... | 1997 | 9027364 |
| analysis of recombinant adeno-associated virus packaging and requirements for rep and cap gene products. | adeno-associated virus (aav) is a human parvovirus currently being developed as a vector for gene therapy applications. because the gene transfer vector commonly retains only the aav terminal repeats, propagation of recombinant aav (raav) requires that the viral replication (rep) and capsid (cap) proteins be supplied in trans. in an effort to optimize the production of these vectors, a panel of helper plasmids was constructed to determine if expression of the rep and/or cap genes is a limiting f ... | 1997 | 9032320 |
| altered rous sarcoma virus gag polyprotein processing and its effects on particle formation. | proteolytic processing of the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) gag precursor was altered in vivo through the introduction of amino acid substitutions into either the polyprotein cleavage junctions or the pr coding sequence. single amino acid substitutions (v(p2)s and p(p4)g), which are predicted from in vitro peptide substrate cleavage data to decrease the rate of release of pr from the gag polyprotein, were placed in the nc portion of the nc-pr junction. these substitutions do not affect the efficiency ... | 1997 | 9032340 |
| persistence of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection and development of rsv-specific igg1 response in a guinea-pig model of acute bronchiolitis. | acute respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis in children can result in sequelae of recurrent wheezing and asthma and production of rsv-specific immunoglobulin e (ige), but the pathogenesis of these sequeleae is poorly understood. guinea-pigs experimentally inoculated with human rsv show histological evidence of acute bronchiolitis and chronic persistence of viral antigens and genome in the lungs; whether this persistence is due to infectious replicating virus, and whether infected anima ... | 1997 | 9032486 |
| respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin intravenous. | to review the clinical data detailing the use of respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin intravenous (rsv-igiv) in infants and children. data sources; a medline search (1990-1996) was used to identify all publications that dealt with rsv-igiv clinical trials, pharmacology, and pharmacokinetics in infants and children. bibliographies of articles were also used. | 1997 | 8997472 |
| reduction of respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization among premature infants and infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia using respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin prophylaxis. the prevent study group. | to determine the safety and efficacy of monthly prophylaxis with respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin, intravenous (rsv-igiv) for reduction of the incidence of rsv-associated hospitalization. | 1997 | 8989345 |
| effect of ozone on susceptibility to respiratory viral infection and virus-induced cytokine secretion. | airway epithelium is the primary target tissue for respiratory viruses as well as an important target of ozone (o(3)) toxicity. a change in the severity of viral airway infection may result from changes in epithelial cell susceptibility to infection, metabolic interference with viral replication, or altered production of immune regulatory molecules by the infected cells as a result of exposure to o(3). in this study we have investigated whether o(3) exposure alters the susceptibility of human ai ... | 1998 | 21781902 |
| antiviral immunotherapy: a review of current status. | unselected intramuscular (im) and intravenous (iv) immunoglobulins, as well as virus-specific hyperimmune globulins, occupy important roles as immunotherapy for viral infections. standard im immunoglobulins may be utilised in selected, susceptible patients for the prevention of hepatitis a and measles. hyperimmune globulins to varicella zoster virus (vzv), hepatitis b virus and rabies have established indications for use as post-exposure prophylaxis. cytomegalovirus (cmv) hyperimmune globulin ha ... | 1998 | 18020581 |
| lower airway disease caused by respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common cause of lower respiratory tract disease in infants and young children. most infections due to rsv are mild and do not require hospitalization. rsv causes both upper respiratory tract infections as well as lower respiratory tract infections. infants with underlying disease states like bronchopulmonary dyslasia, congenital heart disease and prematurity appear more prone to develop severe infection and have a higher incidence of hospitalization. ... | 1998 | 10771985 |
| subgroup determination of respiratory syncytial virus by rt-pcr. | pcr optimization for differentiation of rsv subgroup a (rt-pcr-1) and rsv subgroup b (rt-pcr-2) were developed. various conditions of rt-pcr-1 and rt-pcr-2 were summarized. these methods are highly specific and sensitive to differentiate rsv subgroup a and rsv subgroup b from the other respiratory viruses. | 1998 | 10772559 |
| mixed respiratory viral infections in estonia: a long-term laboratory study. | during the period of 1981-1997, a total of 13,110 patients with acute respiratory viral infections were tested simultaneously for influenza virus a and b, parainfluenza, adenovirus and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections. of 3,800 laboratory-confirmed cases mixed infections were established in average in 27%. the incidence varied in dependence on the season between 12% and 36%. all infections were involved in mixed infections, yet their participation greatly varied in different seasons. ... | 1998 | 10358749 |
| [antiviral and antibacterial actions of bingduqing granules in vitro]. | the antiviral and antibacterial actions in vitro of bingduqing granules which consists of nine kinds of chinese traditional medicinal herbs were observed. the results showed that the inhibitive concentrations of bingduqing granules for adv-7, rsv, hsv-1, and influenza virus a3, were >-6.9, 8.3, 13.8 and 83 mg x ml-1, respectively; while the minimum inhibitive concentrations for staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, type a and b streptococci, and pseudomonas aeruginosa were 0.03125, ... | 1998 | 10681846 |
| the therapeutic potential of monoclonal antibodies against respiratory syncytial virus. | attempts to develop a vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), the major cause of lower respiratory tract disease in infants and young children, have been unsuccessful. passive immunisation with antibody to rsv has been found to be an effective alternative method for prophylaxis. the product currently in use for rsv passive immunisation, a preparation of purified human igg containing virus-neutralising activity, requires monthly iv. infusions. monoclonal antibodies (mabs) are currently ... | 1998 | 15992030 |
| passive protection of gnotobiotic calves using monoclonal antibodies directed at different epitopes on the fusion protein of bovine respiratory syncytial virus. | two neutralizing, fusion-inhibiting bovine monoclonal antibodies (mabs; b4 and b13) directed at different epitopes on the fusion protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) protected the lungs of gnotobiotic calves from rsv infection. the mabs were administered intratracheally 24 h before the calves were challenged with bovine rsv. a third, nonneutralizing, non-fusion-inhibiting but complement-fixing mab, b1, provided no significant protection against infection, and the disease was not exacerba ... | 1998 | 9534958 |