Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| human and primate poxviruses: i. growth characteristics of cytolytic and tumor variants. | the dual potential of poxviruses to be cytolytic and tumorgenic has been extended. yaba monkey tumor virus formed foci on monkey and human embryonic cells. cytolytic or plaque-forming virus was isolated from yaba tumor homogenates by selective sucrose centrifugation and passage through monkey or human embryonic cells. monkey pox virus (mpv) was cytolytic for monkey cells or human embryonic cells, but upon passage onto young monolayers of human carcinoma cells, hela, produced a restricted cytopat ... | 1975 | 167685 |
| virus survival on inanimate surfaces. | the persistence of several types of viruses on hard, inanimate surfaces under different relative humidities, temperatures, and types of surfaces was investigated. no differences in survival on glass, vinyl asbestos tile, ceramic tile, and stainless steel were found. under conditions of low humidity and room temperature, adenovirus, poliovirus, and herpes simplex virus survived for at least 8 weeks. vaccinia and coxsackie viruses survived for at least 2 weeks but differences due to surfaces found ... | 1975 | 167927 |
| streptovirudins, new antibiotics with antibacterial and antiviral activity. i. culture taxonomy, fermentation and production of streptovirudin complex. | a new antibiotic complex has been isolated from cultures of streptomyces strain no. ja 10124. on the basis of taxonomic studies, the producing microorganism is described as streptomyces griseoflavus (krainsky, 1914) waksman et henrici, 1948, subsp. thuringiensis subsp. nov., type strain ja 10124. the antibiotic complex, designated as streptovirudin, was isolated from extracts of both mycelium and culture filtrate. it is a white amorphous material which consists of ten closely related components ... | 1975 | 168173 |
| the immune response to infection with vaccinia virus in mice. i. infection and the production of antibody neutralizing cell-associated and cell-free virus. | the onset, duration and magnitude of antibody responses to a poxvirus infection were examined. mice were inoculated intravenously with the wr strain of vaccinia virus and developed pocks on their tails. the number of pocks was related to the size of the inoculum. virus was detectable in the spleen and infected mice were subsequently immune to intravenous and intra-nasal challenge. sera of infected animals neutralized both cell-free and cell-associated virus. antibody against cell-free virus appe ... | 1975 | 168248 |
| immune and non-immune macrophage resistance to the fibroma-myxoma virus complex. | 1975 | 168379 | |
| abortive infection of a rabbit cornea cell line by vesicular stomatitis virus: conversion to productive infection by superinfection with vaccinia virus. | an abortive infection of a rabbit cornea cell line (rc-60) by vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv), yielding less than 1 pfu/cell, was converted to a productive infection, yielding 1,900 pfu/cell, when cells were superinfected with vaccinia. studies on the synthesis of vsv-directed rna in rc-60 cells suggest that the abortive infection by vsv alone may be due in part to (i) a limited production of 40s virion rna and (ii) a markedly reduced activity of virion-bound transcriptase activity in rc-60 cel ... | 1975 | 168405 |
| counter immunoelectrophoresis in rapid diagnosis of pox virus infections. | the use of the counter immunoelectrophoresis technique enhanced the reaction between vaccinia virus and its antibody. by means of 0.7% and 1% solutions of agarose, sharp, clear lines of precipitation were obtained within 30 minutes at 200 volts. | 1975 | 168478 |
| interferon induction and action in transformed poikilothermic cells. | the production and effect of interferon in the virus-transformed cell line tgk1, originating from kidney cells of testudo gracea were studied and compared to those in the primary cell culture. west nile virus and newcastle disease virus were used as inducers. interferon production in tgk1 cells began 6 hr later than in the primary cell culture and reached the maximum 64 iu, 18 hr after virus inoculation. in the primary culture, interferon production increased till the 48th hr reaching a fourfold ... | 1975 | 168742 |
| antiviral activity of 5-ethyl pyrimidine deoxynucleosides. | 1975 | 168897 | |
| [rna fragments, in vivo inhibitors of shope fibroma and vaccinia virus multiplication]. | rna-fragments rich in purine nucleotides and resulting from degradation of ribosomal rna from e. coli m 500 sho-r with pancreatic rnase exhibit only in vivo an inhibitory effect on shope fibroma and vaccinia virus multiplication. | 1975 | 168984 |
| thymidine kinase isozymes of normal and virus-infected cells. | 1975 | 169026 | |
| antiviral activity of a pyrazino-pyrazine derivative. | the 2,3-dihydroxy-6-bromo-pyrazino-[2,3-beta]-pyrazine is a substance selected during the antiviral screening of pyrazino-pyrazine derivatives. the compound shows antiviral activity in vitro against measles, ndv, some influenza viruses and against herpes simplex and zoster, infectious canine hepatitis and vaccinia viruses. it had no effect on echo 9 virus. therapeutic trials showed activity also on herpetic keratoconjunctivitis experimentally induced in rabbits. | 1975 | 169110 |
| antiviral activity of adenine arabinoside and iododeoxyuridine in human fetal intestinal and tracheal organ cultures. | in vitro antiviral activities of two potentially clinically useful antiviral compounds, adenine arabinoside and iododeoxyuridine, were examined in human fetal intestinal and tracheal organ cultures infected with herpesvirus hominis (types 1 and 2) or vaccinia virus. the two compounds were similarly active against the viruses in organ culture, and minimal inhibitory concentrations could be determined by titration of organ culture fluid harvests into tissue culture or directly in the organ culture ... | 1975 | 169312 |
| fluoroimidazoles as antiviral agents and inhibitors of polynucleotide biosynthesis. | 1975 | 169446 | |
| effect to tween 80 and aquasol a on virus plaque formation. | the enhancement of vesicular stomatitis virus plaques on human embryonic lung cells in the presence of tween 80 or aquasol a was studied to determine the optimal conditions for the enhancement. enhanced numbers and sizes of vesicular stomatitis virus plaques occurred when aquasol a or tween 80 was added to the cell culture 30 min before virus adsorption but not when added after adsorption. these substances did not have a direct effect on the virus and did not have an effect on virus adsorption o ... | 1975 | 170202 |
| detection by radioimmunoassay of antibodies in human smallpox patients and vaccinees. | a radioimmunoassay procedure was developed for determining smallpox and vaccinia antibodies in human sera. the test detected and measured both primary and secondary immune responses in persons infected with variola virus or vaccinia virus. the antibody titers obtained by complement fixation, hemagglutination inhibition, plaque reduction neutralization, and radioimmunoassay methods were compared. in sequential serum specimens, the radioimmunoassay test indicated fourfold or greater increases in a ... | 1975 | 170309 |
| antibody titers by mixed agglutination to varicella-zoster, herpes simplex and vaccinia viruses in patients with multiple sclerosis. | antibody titers to varicella-zoster (v-z), herpes simplex (hsv) and vaccinia viruses were determined in sera collected in buffalo, ny, from patients with multiple sclerosis (ms), patients with other diseases, and normal individuals. the mixed agglutination test employing cell cultures infected with one of the above viruses as a source of antigen was used to determine antibody titers. the geometric mean titer (gmt) for v-z in 59 ms cases was significantly higher than that observed in patients wit ... | 1975 | 170625 |
| in vitro translation of natural mrnas in a cell-free system containing components from interferon-treated chicken fibroblasts and factor preparations from mouse ascites cells or rabbit reticulocytes. | the effect of interferon has been studied in a mixed cell-free protein synthesizing system. hemoglobin (hb) and encephalomyocarditis virus (emc)-rna can be efficiently translated in vitro in a system containing s-30 lysates or run-off ribosomes from primary chick embryo fibroblasts (cef) and a postmicrosomal supernatant from mouse ascites cells or a ribosomal-wash preparation from rabbit reticulocytes. ribosomes prepared from cef pretreated with high doses of homologous interferon (500 units/ml) ... | 1975 | 170753 |
| [sensitivity of various primate cells and animal viruses to the antiviral activity of human leukocyte interferon (author's transl)]. | u cells (a permanent, human amnion cell line) were protected against infection with semliki forest virus (sfv) by human interferon (hif) from peripheral leukocytes. despite the usual genus-specific action of interferons, mouse l929 cultures (a permanent mouse fibroblast cell line) were also protected by hif. the antiviral action of hif in six other primate cell cultures was also examined. it is of interest that two lymphoblastoid cell lines, rpmi1788 and kaplan, were insensitive to hif. the sens ... | 1975 | 170886 |
| in-vitro demonstration of cell-mediated immunity to vaccinia virus in man. | cell mediated immunity to vaccinia virus in man was studied by lymphocyte transformation. vaccinia antigen, propagated on bhk-21 and vero cells, could be used successfully for in-vitro testing after partial purification as well as crude infectious homogenates. vaccinia antigen preparations were effective both in the infective and the inactivated state. inactivation was usually accompanied with a certain loss of stimulating activity. development of cell mediated immune response in-vitro after fir ... | 1975 | 171872 |
| on the molecular mechanism of the antiviral activity of trifluorothymidine. | 1975 | 171993 | |
| studies on the biochemical basis for the antiviral activities of some nucleoside analogs. | 1975 | 171994 | |
| biological activities of some purine arabinosides. | 1975 | 171996 | |
| studies on the effect of inactivated viruses on the growth of poxvirus variolae. ii. the effect of some viruses varying in heat-inactivation degree. | 1975 | 172175 | |
| viral replication and interferon production in fetal and adult ovine leukocytes and spleen cells. | peripheral blood leukocyte and spleen cell cultures derived from adult sheep and from third-trimester (107 to 145 days of gestation) and second-trimester (70 to 98 days of gestation) fetal lambs were examined for their ability to support viral replication and to produce interferon. bluetongue virus, herpesvirus hominis type 2, and chikungunya virus failed to replicate in either leukocyte or spleen cell cultures derived from adult ewes or in cultures from second- or third-trimester fetal lambs. s ... | 1975 | 172452 |
| synthesis of herpes simplex virus, vaccinia virus, and adenovirus dna in isolated hela cell nuclei. i. effect of viral-specific antisera and phosphonoacetic acid. | purified nuclei, isolated from appropriately infected hela cells, are shown to synthesize large amounts of either herpes simplex virus (hsv) or vaccinia virus dna in vitro. the rate of synthesis of dna by nuclei from infected cells is up to 30 times higher than the synthesis of host dna in vitro by nuclei isolated from uninfected hela cells. thus hsv nuclei obtained from hsv-infected cells make dna in vitro at a rate comparable to that seen in the intact, infected cell. molecular hybridization s ... | 1975 | 172658 |
| [experimental results with systematically synthetized substances for antiviral chemotherapy / 4th communication: the role of physical binding in the synthesis of antiviral chemotherapeutics and its influence on potential mutagenic effects (author's transl)]. | 13 antiviral substances containing specific hydrogen bridge linkage systems out of the classes of 2-substituted 4-phenylthiazoles, 4-phenylimidazoles and indandiones-(1,3) were tested for their mutagenic potency in the host-mediated assay, in bone marrow of rats, in spermatogonia of mice and in the micronucleus test of rats. only one substance, n1-methyl-n2-[4-phenylthiazolyl-(2)]-urea, was found to be mutagenic. this fact substantiates the hypothesis that the antiviral effectiveness of the subs ... | 1975 | 173351 |
| induction and in vitro demonstration of cellular immunity to dna and rna viruses in guinea-pigs. | guinea-pigs were immunized with different cells infected with vaccinia virus, herpes simplex virus type 1, herpesvirus saimiri, and the virus of vesicular stomatitis. development of cellular immunity against these viruses was observed with transformation of blood and spleen lymphocytes and with the migration inhibition test using peritoneal exudate cells. cellular immunity against vaccinia virus was first seen 6 days after the inoculation of cell-bound vaccinia virus by lymphocyte transformation ... | 1975 | 173485 |
| viral-induced thymidine kinase isozymes. | 1975 | 174152 | |
| swinepox. virus isolation, experimental infections and the differentiation from vaccinia virus infections. | the isolation of swinepox virus in primary pig kidney cell cultures is reported. the differentiation from vaccinia virus was possible with challenge infections of convalescent pigs and the use of the agar gel diffusion precipitation (agdp) test and immuno-electroosmophoresis (ieop). using both immune precipitation tests reactions of identity were obtained between the heterologous antigens of swinepox and vaccinia viruses. a total of 829 pig sera from the field were tested for precipitating antib ... | 1975 | 174522 |
| ultrastructural aspects of experimental swinepox with special reference to inclusion bodies. | a light and electron microscopic study was performed on pox-like epidermal lesions in an experimentally infected pig. light microscopical investigation of semithin sections revealed the presence of nuclear vacuoles and of different types of cytoplasmic inclusions. in electron microscopical studies large numbers of both immature and mature virus particles and the cytological changes indicative of pox virus infection were observed. various types of intra-cytoplasmic inclusions -- i.e. fibrillar in ... | 1975 | 174523 |
| antiviral and antimetabolic activities of poly (7-deazaadenylic acid) and poly (7-deazainosinic acid). | 1975 | 175799 | |
| [adsorption of lymphocytes by cells infected by vaccinia virus]. | the interaction of chicken lymphocytes with vaccinia-infected cells was examined hep-2 cells infected with the virus adsorbed chicken lymphocytes. the phenomenon was inhibited by anti-vaccinia serum. lymphocytes prepared from a chicken possessing red blood cells insensible to the hemagglutinin of vaccinia virus were also adsorbed. lymphocytes were adsorbed in similar degree at 37 degrees c and at room temperature. | 1975 | 129247 |
| [disinfection effect of benzylpenols on viruses (author'ss transl)]. | 1975 | 129295 | |
| [sensitivity of normal and rous virus-transformed lines of armenian hamster cells to infectious viruses]. | the capacity of normal (nhet) and rous virus-transformed cell line of armenian hamster both producing (shet sh-r) and not producing (shet k-3) virus to support reproduction of vaccinia and newcastle disease viruses was demonstrated. the former of these viruses replicated in the cell cultures with cytopathic effect, the latter did so without causing cell degeneration. the degree of newcastle disease virus reproduction in all 3 cultures was the same whereas vaccinia virus synthesis in shet sh-r wa ... | 1975 | 176825 |
| [virucidal activity of the disinfectant "gigasept" against different enveloped and non-enveloped rna-and dna-viruses, pathogenic for men. i. investigation in the suspension test (author's transl)]. | "gigasept" is a highly efficient chemical disinfectant on the basis of succine dialdehyde and form aldehyde. the virucidal capacity was assayed in the suspension test procedure with different representative rna and dna viruses with and without an envelope, such as polio wild virus type i, coxsackie virus type b 3, adeno virus type 3, herpes virus type ) and vaccinia virus. parameter for disinfectant activity was the virus inactivation kinetic, i. e. interdependence of titer reduction vs. disinfe ... | 1975 | 176845 |
| cell-mediated immunity to microbial antigens in mother and child. | we have looked at evidence for the transplacental passage of cell-mediated immunity in man. the lymphocyte response of mother-neonate pairs was assessed to non-specific mitogens, allogeneic cells, and to microbial antigens. although six mothers were known to be chronic carriers of herpes simplex virus only one of their neonates responded to this viral antigen. on two occasions a lymphocyte response was induced in cord blood by antigens to which the mother did not respond. this paradox remains un ... | 1975 | 178473 |
| [standardization of viral hemagglutination inhibition tests]. | 1975 | 180389 | |
| antiviral and antimetabolic activities of formycin and its n1-, n2-, 2'-o- and 3'-o-methylated derivatives. | 1975 | 184795 | |
| effect of isoleucine deprivation of rabbitpox virus dna synthesis in mouse l cells. | synthesis of rabbitpox dna was inhibited in mouse l cells deprived of isoleucine. time-course patterns of incorporation of radiolabelled precursors into viral dna revealed that synthesis of viral dna began about 6 h after reversal of the isoleucine-deficient state. | 1975 | 213534 |
| synergic action of distamycin a and hydroxyurea on the reproduction of dna viruses in cell cultures. | the antiviral activity of the combination of distamycin a (da) pand hydroxyurea (hu) on the reproduction of vaccinia and pseudorabies viruses was investigated. the drug combination exerted a significant synergic inhibitory effect on the vaccinia virus yield and on the plaque formation in chick embryo cells. similar experiments on pseudorabies virus showed an additive effect. the possible mechanism of the mutual enhancement of the antiviral activity is discussed. | 1975 | 235201 |
| isolation of vaccinia virus from children with postvaccinal encephalitis at late intervals after vaccination. | 1975 | 235206 | |
| characterization of a protein kinase and two phosphate acceptor proteins from vaccinia virions. | the phosphorylation of two purified vaccinia virus proteins (acceptors i and ii) by a protein kinase isolated from vaccinia virus cores has been studied. phosphorylation of viral acceptor proteins by the purified enzyme was dependent on the presence of atp, mg2+, and protamine or other basic proteins, and was maximal at alkaline ph values. cyclic mononucleotides did not stimulate the vaccinia protein kinase under a variety of conditions. protamine, however, was shown to function as an enzyme act ... | 1975 | 235513 |
| [differences in the quality of vaccinia viruses with normal and abnormal post-vaccination course (with neurological complications) (author's transl)]. | conventional vaccinia strains were cultured at different temperatures, because it is known that vaccinia viruses which are human pathogens grow even at higher temperatures (41 degrees c). neither the vaccination strains nor the vaccinia viruses which were isolated from vaccination vesicles after normal (n equals 7) or abnormal primary vaccinations (n equals 2) multiplied at higher incubation temperatures; vaccinia viruses isolated from csf of four patients with neurological complications behaved ... | 1975 | 236900 |
| characterization of a polyriboadenylate polymerase from vaccinia virions. | a poly(a) polymerase with a molecular weight of approximately 80,000 containing 51,000 and 35,000 molecular weight subunits, was purified by affinity chromatography from vaccinia virus cores. the enzyme had a ph optimum of about 8.6, was dependent on divalent cations, and had considerably more activity with mn-2+ than mg-2+. at equimolar concentrations, other ribonucleoside triphosphates inhibited poly(a) polymerase activity by less than 10%; nacl was extremely inhibitory at concentrations above ... | 1975 | 237910 |
| streptovirudins -- new antibiotics with antiviral activity. the antiviral spectrum and inhibition of newcastle disease virus in cell cultures. | streptovirudins are new antibiotics isolated as a mixture of several structurally related compounds from fermentations of streptomyces griseoflavus (krainsky) waksman et henrici var. thuringensis ja 10124. they possess antiviral activity against rna and dna viruses cultivated in chick embryo cells, namely sindbis, fowl plague, newcastle disease (ndv), pseudorabies, vaccinia and sheep abortion viruses. the naturally formed streptovirudin complex, in concentrations of 20-2.5 mug/ml inhibited the v ... | 1975 | 241229 |
| the effect of interferon on the formation of virus polyribosomes in l cells infected with vaccinia virus. | the effect of interferon treatment of mouse l cells on the fate of virus messenger rna following infection with vaccinia virus has been studied. the polyribosomes of interferon-treated, infected cells are found to be disaggregated and it is proposed that htis results from inhibition of the initiation of virus polypeptide snythesis. evidence is presented that inhibition of polypeptide chain elongation also occurs. the block in initiation appears to be due to the failure of the small ribosome subu ... | 1975 | 806660 |
| preparation and characterisation of a subviral particle of vaccinia virus containing the dna-dependent rna polymerase activity. | 1975 | 810966 | |
| further characterization of raccoonpox virus. | a poxvirus isolated from the respiratory tract of raccoons in a forest and swamp area near aberdeen, maryland, was characterized by biological, serological, and biophysical methods. the virus was shown to be related to the vaccinia-variola subgroup by serological and biophysical methods, but measurably different from the other viruses of this group by biological methods. it causes flaccid paralysis in 1-day-old suckling mice and does not grow well on cam after two or three passages. | 1975 | 813616 |
| antiviral activity of o'-alkylated derivatives of cytosine arabinoside. | 1975 | 1111551 | |
| antibody to vaccinia. ii. prevalence in blood donors. | 3.6% of sera from random blood donors were found to contain antibody to vaccinia antigen(s) when screened by ieop. antibodies of the strength previously suggested as suitable for use in the preparation of anti-vaccinia immune globulin (titre 2 or more) were only found in revaccinated donors, especially but not exclusively those bled within about 3 months of last vaccination. | 1975 | 1114789 |
| study of the antigenic and immunogenic properties of neurovaccinia virus ts mutants. | the antigenic and immunogenic properties of five ts mutants of neurovaccinia virus with markedly reduced pathogenicity for laboratory animals as compared with "wild" type virus were studied. the antigenic and immunogenic activities of the mutants correlated with their capacity to reproduce in the skin of the inoculated animals. when similar doses of uv-inactivated mutants were used for immunization of rabbits, significant differences (more than 100-fold) in their antigenic activity were found. w ... | 1975 | 1119943 |
| [nasal autoinoculation with vaccinia virus]. | 1975 | 1120352 | |
| purification of a protein kinase and two phosphate acceptor proteins from vaccinia virions. | a novel protein kinase that requires protamine as an activator to catalyze the phosphorylation of viral acceptor proteins was extracted from vaccinia virus cores with deoxycholate and purified 250-fold by dna-cellulose and deae-cellulose column chromatography. the enzyme has a molecular weight of 62,000 as determined by sucrose gradient sedimentation. two heat-stable phosphate acceptor proteins were extracted from virus particles with a nonionic detergent and purified by heat treatment, precipit ... | 1975 | 1123320 |
| inhibition of host protein synthesis by vaccinia virus: fate of cell mrna and synthesis of small poly (a)-rich polyribonucleotides in the presence of actinomycin d. | purified vaccinia virus rapidly inhibited hela cell protein synthesis in the presence of actinomycin d. under these conditions host polyribosomes were extensively degraded but the mrna was stable as indicated by a greater than 90% recovery of prelabeled polyadenylylated rna. although actinomycin d prevented the synthesis of host mrna and poly(a) in uninfected cells, incorporation of adenosine into poly(a) was inhibited by less than 50% in infected cells. further analysis indicated that there was ... | 1975 | 1133878 |
| isolation and characterization of a gamma-thiochromanone-4-thiosemicarbazone-resistant mutant of vaccinia virus. | gamma-thiochromanone-4-thiosemicarbazone (tct) inhibits the growth of vaccinia virus in bscl cells by interfering with viral maturation. a mutant of the virus (tct(r)) which is resistant to this drug was isolated. this mutant also exhibits resistance to another thiosemicarbazone related compound, isatin beta-thiosemicarbazone (ibt). there is a good correlation between the cross-resistance of the two mutants ibt(r) and tct(r) to tct and ibt, respectively, and the similar antipoxvirus activity of ... | 1975 | 1137362 |
| [an attenuated strain of vaccinia virus (mva). successful intramuscular immunization against vaccinia and variola (author's transl)]. | the attenuated mva strain of vaccinia virus was previously shown to be innocuous and immunogenic at intracutaneous injection. it was therefore suggested for clinical trial. preliminary results in human vaccinees are promising. the present experiments were initiated to study the intramuscular injection of the vaccine as a preferable route of administration. histological examination was done in rabbits and monkeys. at the site of injection there were but minor inflammatory reactions considerably l ... | 1975 | 1146441 |
| a study of the ultrastructure of the buffalo pox virus. | buffalo pox virus (strain bp 4) has been studied by electron microscopy of sections of infected chorioallantoic membrane cells. the ultrastructure of the virus has been described and compared with the ultrastructure of vaccinia virus. no differences between the two viruses were found. in relation to the ways of release two forms of mature virions have been described. these are probably analogous to the previously described c- and m-form of vaccinia. | 1975 | 1155117 |
| smallpox vaccination revisited. some observations on the biology of vaccinia. | sixty-two volunteers were studied to determine their local cutaneous, serologic, and virologic reactions to smallpox revaccination. of 55 subjects available for examination, 45 (82%) had major cutaneous reactions. subjects over 30 years old were more likely to have a major reaction. an increase in complement-fixing antibody titer was found in 74% of revaccinees with a major reaction. an increase in complement-fixing antibody titer was found in 74% of revaccinees with a major cutaneous reaction a ... | 1975 | 1155701 |
| [approach to the development of an actovaccine using vaccinia virus as a model]. | injection of living vaccinia virus to the mesenteric vein of rabbits leads to its accumulation in liver in high concentration. in the other series of experiments vaccinia virus inactivated with gamma-radiation was inoculated into the mesenteric vein. later on the animals were sacrificed at various dates. homogenates were prepared from their liver. comparative study of these homogenates made it possible to reveal increased immunogenic activity of homogenate obtained 24 hours after intravenous ino ... | 1975 | 1162946 |
| [experimental study of the ability of different strains of vaccinia virus to induce autoantibody formation]. | the intensity of autoantibody production to red blood cell lysate in guinea pigs inoculated with smallpox vaccine prepared from different strains was studied at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after vaccine inoculation. the dynamics of autoantibody production in the same animals as well as the influence of altered responsiveness of the animals pre-treated with dyphtheria toxin on the intensity of autoantibody production were determined. the autoantibody-inducing activity correlated with reactogenicity of ... | 1975 | 1162949 |
| virus infections in laboratories in japan. | virus infections in laboratories in japan from 1967 to 1972 were studied. major causative agents were influenza virus, australian antigen, rickettsia, and vaccinia virus. the cases reported were neither severe, nor lethal. it was suggested that these infections were caused either by aerosol or contact. measures to prevent infection in laboratories are discussed. | 1975 | 1164409 |
| multiple sclerosis and elevation of cerebrospinal fluid vaccinia virus antibody. | thirty percent of 33 patients with a clinical diagnosis of multiple sclerosis and an elevation of cerebrospinal fluid (csf) immunoglobulin g/albumin ratio greater than 2 standard deviations above the mean had elevation of the csf vaccinia neutralizing antibody titer. elevated titers were found in 1 of 23 patients with non-multiple sclerosis neurologic diseases and in none of the normal control patients. no linear correlation was found between the magnitude of the relative or absolute csf immunog ... | 1975 | 1167412 |
| letter: epidemiology of cowpox. | 1975 | 1167474 | |
| [inhibiting effect and mechanism of action of 5'-deoxy-5'-fluorothymidine on vaccinia virus reproduction]. | 5'-deoxy-5'-fluorothymidine in concentrations 2.5 times 10-4 to 2 times 10-3 m was found capable of inhibiting vaccinia virus reproduction in tissue culture. its inhibiting effect was associated with the primary capacity to inhibit biosynthesis of thymidylic nucleotides in the stage of tdp and ttp synthesis which appears to be the consequence of inhibition of thydidylate kinase activity. under these conditions accumulation of tmp is observed. the data obtained permit to consider 5'-deoxy-5'-fluo ... | 1975 | 1168387 |
| [effect of pyrimidine amino acid derivatives on vaccinia virus in tissue culture]. | the results of the study of antiviral properties of 9 derivatives of pyrimidine amino acids showed only n-(2-chloro-5-bromopyrimidil-4)-1-leucin to possess marked antiviral properties manifested in the capacity of this compound to inhibit the vaccinia virus dna synthesis in chick embryo fibroblast culture and, consequently, to reduce the infections activity of the virus. all the other derivatives of this class have no marked antiviral properties. | 1975 | 1168388 |
| [effect of neurotropin on sart stress (stress caused by alteration of rhythms in environmental temperature) in mice and rats]. | we reported previously that by altering the rhythm of environmental temperature (art) the physiological mechanism was changed to an abnormal state which we termed specific art-stress (sart-stress). in the present report, the effects of neurotropin and other tranquilizers on this sart-stress state were investigated. neurotropin is an extract containing many conjugated polysaccarides isolated from the skin or tissues of rabbits which had been inoculated with the living cowpox virus. neurotropin pr ... | 1975 | 1169195 |
| biogenesis of poxviruses: synthesis and phosphorylation of a basic protein associated with the dna. | 1975 | 1169849 | |
| messenger activity of rna transcribed in vitro by dna-rna polymerase associated to vaccinia virus cores. | the coding properties of rna transcribed in vitro by purified vaccinia cores have been investigated using krebs ascites tumor cells, l cells, and reticulocyte lysates. six to 10 proteins synthesized in vitro are separated on polyacrylamide gels by electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. their molecular weights vary from 10,000 to 44,000. the electrophoretic behavior of these proteins is similar to that of early proteins isolated from infected l cells. the tryptic peptide analy ... | 1975 | 1170340 |
| synthesis and antiviral activity of certain 5'-monophosphates of 9-d-arabinofuranosyladenine and 9-d-arabinofuranosylhypoxanthine. | a number of 5'-phosphates of 9-d-arabinofuranosyladenine and 9-d-arabinofuranosylhypoxanthine were prepared and tested against a variety of dna viruses in tissue culture. the syntheses of the antiviral agent 9-beta-d-arabinofuranosylhypoxanthine 5'-monophosphate (6) and a series of related nucleotides, 9-beta-d-arabinofuranosyladenine 5'-o-methylphosphate (3), 9-beta-d-arabinofuranosylhypoxanthine 5'-o-methylphosphate (7), 9-beta-d-arabinofuranosylhypaxanthine cyclic 3',5'-phosphate (13), and 9- ... | 1975 | 1171242 |
| vaccinia virus variants as presumable cause of vaccinial complications. | two vaccinia viruses isolated from patients with vaccinial complications (vaccinial ulcer, postvaccinial seizures) showed qualitative differences from the original parental strain. after intradermal injection of the viruses into the rabbit marked necroses developed, which the original strains did not produce. while the parental virus did not grow on the chorioallantoic membrane at 41 degrees c after 2 days incubation, the vaccinia variant produced typical lesions at that temperature. also the yi ... | 1975 | 1180697 |
| polyamines in vaccinia virions and polypeptides released from viral cores by acid extraction. | vaccinia virions propagated in the presence of [3h]ornithine were found to contain two labeled polyamines, spermine and spermidine. in complete virions the ratio of radioactively labeled spermine to spermidine was about 1:10, whereas in viral cores the ratio was 2:5. this suggests that some spermidine was preferentially lost during the conversion of virions to cores or that spermidine was present in the virions both inside and outside the core structure. addition of [3h]ornithine to vaccinia vir ... | 1975 | 1185852 |
| the pathogenesis of vaccinia virus toxicity. ii. an electron microscopic study. | the intravenous injection of mice with toxic doses of vaccinia virus, prepared in the ehrlich ascites carcinoma, usually produces fatal intravascular coagulation, within 24 hours. light and electron microscope studies demonstrate occlusion of the microcirculation of lungs and livers by fibrin. fibrin deposition appears to be prevented in mice injected with heparinized virus preparations. however, in lieu of fibrin deposition, within the microcirculation widespread intravascular platelet aggregat ... | 1975 | 1186130 |
| isolation and characterization of vaccinia virus "nucleoids". | 1975 | 1189287 | |
| viral keratitis-inhibitory effect of 9-beta-d-arabinofuranosylhypoxanthine 5'-monophosphate. | topical application of 9-beta-d-arabinofuranosylhypoxanthine 5'-monophosphate (ara-hxmp) significantly inhibited the development of keratitis induced by types 1 and 2 herpes simplex virus and vaccinia virus in the eyes of rabbits. parameters for evaluation of efficacy were infectivity (corneal opacity, lesion size, and type), draize (erythema, conjunctival swelling, and discharge), and reduction in titer of recoverable virus from the eye. when the relative efficacy of the related compounds 9-bet ... | 1975 | 1190753 |
| purification of mrna guanylyltransferase and mrna (guanine-7-) methyltransferase from vaccinia virions. | the sequences m7g(5')pppgm-and m7g(5')pppam-are located at the 5' termini of vaccinia mrnas. two novel enzymatic activities have been purified from vaccinia virus cores which modify the 5' terminus of unmethylated mrna. one activity transfers gmp from gtp to mrna and is designated a gtp: mrna guanylyltransferase. the second activity transfers a methyl group from s-adenosylmethionine to position 7 of the added guanosine and is designated a s-adenosylmethionine: mrna (guanine-7-)methyltransferase. ... | 1975 | 1194286 |
| modification of rna by mrna guanylyltransferase and mrna (guanine-7-)methyltransferase from vaccinia virions. | a purified enzyme system isolated from vaccinia virus cores has been shown to modify the 5' termini of viral mrna and synthetic poly(a) and poly(g) to form the structures m7g(5')pppa- and m7g(5')pppg-. the enzyme system has both guanylyltransferase and methyltransferase activities. the gtp:mrna guanylyltransferase activity incorporates gmp into the 5' terminus via a 5'-5' triphosphate bond. the properties of this reaction are: (a) of the four nucleoside triphosphates only gtp is a donor, (b) mrn ... | 1975 | 1194287 |
| altered transfer rna methylase in bhk cells after vaccinia virus infection. | 1975 | 1195579 | |
| the pathogenesis of vaccinia virus toxicity. i. the role of virus-platelet interaction. | when mice are injected intravenously with a large dose of vaccinia virus, prepared in the ehrlich ascites carcinoma of the mouse, there is a precipitous loss of plasma fibrinogen and blood platelets. death occurs usually within 24 hours. a specific role of the virus in this toxic syndrome can be demonstrated when heparin is employed to circumvent intravascular coagulation and fibrinogen loss. heparin does not prevent a profound thrombocytopenia from occurring, but it modifies the rate of platele ... | 1975 | 1195668 |
| [on the problem of persistence]. | 1975 | 1199199 | |
| comparison of the ability of small molecular interferon inducers: tilorone and acridine drugs. | the antiviral activity and induction of interferon-like substance by mepacrine (quinacrine, atabrine) and acranil in mice, described previuosly, was studied in more detail and compared with tilorone. the serum substance induced by acranil was characterized as mouse interferon. acranil, given parenterally, proved to be as strong as tilorone regarding interferon stimulation, in spite of the presence of only one side chain in the acrainl molecule. mepacrine was found to be a wealer interferon induc ... | 1975 | 1200845 |
| detection of vaccinia virus in blood of the experimentally infected rabbits. | 1975 | 1203602 | |
| possibilities of in vivo & in vitro reactivation of heat inactivated vaccinia virus. | 1975 | 1205536 | |
| proceedings: effects of isatin beta-thiosemicarbazone-related compounds on vaccinia virus strains. | 1975 | 1205800 | |
| proceedings: control of thymidine kinase synthesis in the cells infected with ihd strain of vaccinia virus. | 1975 | 1205801 | |
| experiments on terminal disinfection by formaldehyde vapor in the case of smallpox. | the usually recommended terminal disinfection by formaldehyde vapor is unable to completely inactivate vaccinia viruses embedded in scabs. in view of our results, we recommend doubling the concentration of formaldehyde (10 g of formaldehyde per m3 of space) and prolonging the time of exposure to 24 h for terminal disinfection in the case of smallpox. subsequent disinfection by scrubbing assumes special importance, since no complete inactivation of the scabs occurs. | 1975 | 1206108 |
| restriction enzyme digests of rapidly renaturing fragments of vaccinia virus dna. | vaccinia virus dna fragments that have been denatured by alkali and then neutralized contain a fraction that rapidly reforms duplex structures. the fraction is enriched by fractionating on hydroxyapatite columns and serves as as substrate for digestion by two restriction endonucleases isolated from hemophilus parainfluenzae, hpa i and hpa ii. the patterns obtained by gel electrophoresis of the digested fragments show the presence of three major bands after hpa i digestion and four major bands af ... | 1975 | 1206800 |
| effect of smallpox vaccination on the product of conception. | 1975 | 1212077 | |
| [hypoparathyroidismus following l-asparaginase and vaccinia virus infection. effect of hypocalcemia on phagocytosis and the function of lymphocytes]. | rabbits, treated with injections of 4000 iu of l-asparaginase, develop the clinical and chemical signs of hypoparathyroidism. a simultaneous vaccination with vaccinia virus (strain "elstree") markedly increase the tetanic symptoms ("conditioned deficiency"). l-asparaginase may influence the cellular immunity by hypocalcemia. two mechanisms are discussed: 1. the suppression of the phagocytosis, recognizable by the absence of signs for vaccinal allergy by deficiency of macrophages in the intraderm ... | 1975 | 1214695 |
| [the effect of trichinella spiralis on the susceptibility and antibody production to vaccinia virus]. | trichinella spiralis exerts an immunodepressive effect on production of antihemagglutinins to vaccinia virus in mice, increases the susceptibility to the virus in mice and rabbits. deaths of mice inoculated with vaccine virus and generalization of the vaccination process in rabbits were observed at 33 days of invasion. | 1975 | 1216835 |
| the influence of smallpox revaccination upon the foetus. | serological, virological, anatomo- and histopathological investigations were performed in pregnant women subjected to smallpox revaccination. serological findings were normal; no vaccinia virus was isolated from 210 placentae collected upon therapeutical abortion. anatomopathological investigation of 15 placentae showed various lesions, while the embryo were free from any histopathological changes. the data prove that smallpox immunization does not affect the embryo directly, but only through th ... | 1975 | 1224533 |
| [studies on the marker behavior of various vaccinia virus strains]. | 1975 | 1229198 | |
| laboratory characteristics of british and dutch strains of cowpox virus. | 1975 | 1236713 | |
| electron microscopy study of the development of neurovaccinia virus in rabbit blood leucocyte cultures. | in electron microscopy of rabbit blood leucocytes cultured after infection with a large dose of neurovaccinia virus, virus particles can be observed within 24 hours in the cytoplasm of the monocytoid cells (monocytes and macrophages) and occasionally in the polymorphonuclear cells, but never in the lymphocytes. the morphology of the virus particles does not differ from the description of these particles in other types of host cells. the virus replication cycle in the monocytoid cells is slow and ... | 1975 | 1237518 |
| interactions between vaccinia virus and sensitized macrophages in vitro. | the action of peritoneal exudate cells (pec) from normal and vaccinia virus infected mice on infectious vaccinia virus particles was investigated in vitro. pec from immune mice showed a significantly higher infectivity titre reduction (virus clearance, vc) than normal cells. this effect could be clearly attributed to the macrophage. vaccinia virus multiplied in pec from normal animals while there was no virus propagation in cells from immunized mice. the release of adsorbed or engulfed virus was ... | 1975 | 1239255 |
| evidence for an "early early" vaccinia virus-induced protein which causes a density change of infected l-m cells. | the density decrease of vaccinia virus-infected l-m cells observed in a ficoll density gradient by 2 h postinfection was found to be dependent on rna synthesis and protein synthesis but independent of dna synthesis. using low multiplicities of infection, the required rna and protein species appeared to be synthesized before parental viral dna became sensitive to dnase, i.e., while the bulk of input virus was still at the core stage of uncoating. to date only thymidine kinase and a vaccinia virus ... | 1975 | 1239518 |
| comparison of the antiviral effects of 5-methoxymethyl-deoxyuridine with 5-iododeoxyuridine, cytosine arabinoside, and adenine arabinoside. | the antiviral activity of 5-methoxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine (mmudr) was compared with that of 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (iudr), cytosine arabinoside (ara-c), and adenine arabinoside (ara-a). at concentrations of 2 to 4 mug/ml, mmudr was inhibitory to herpes simplex virus type 1, but concentrations as high as 128 mug/ml were not inhibitory to three other herpesviruses tested (equine rhinopneumonitis virus, murine cytomegalovirus, and feline rhinopneumonitis virus) or to vaccinia virus. the other nucle ... | 1975 | 1239978 |
| mechanism of protection of mice against vaccinia virus by bacterial allergy. | 1975 | 1037714 | |
| the immune response to infection with vaccinia virus in mice. ii. appearance of hypersensitivity, production of macrophage migration inhibitory factor and transformation of spleen cells in response to virus antigens. | the appearance of specific hypersensitivity to virus antigens was examined in mice infected intravenously with vaccinia virus. both immediate hypersensitivity, transferable by serum, and delayed-type hypersensitivity, transferable only by cells, were apparent 8 days after infection and demonstrable for at least a further 130 days. production of macrophage migration inhibitory factor by lymphocytes from infected mice was measured directly in terms of inhibition of migration by antigen or indirect ... | 1975 | 1056960 |
| modification of the 5'-terminus of mrna by soluble guanylyl and methyl transferases from vaccinia virus. | rna guanylyl and methyl transferases have been solubilized from vaccinia virus cores. the guanylyl transferase specifically adds a gmp residue to the 5'-terminus of unmethylated vaccinia virus mrna to form the structures g(5')ppp(5')gp- and g(5')ppp(5')ap-. studies with [alpha-32p]gtp and [beta, gamma-32p]gtp indicated that only the alpha-phosphate is transferred. in the presence of s-adenosylmethionine, the methyl transferases convert the blocked 5'-termini to m7g(5')ppp(5')gmp- and m7g(5')ppp( ... | 1975 | 1058472 |