Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| chimeras between c. glabrata cnh1 and s. cerevisiae nha1 na+/h+-antiporters are functional proteins increasing the salt tolerance of yeast cells. | the transport activity and substrate specificity of two chimeras consisting of s. cerevisiae nha1p's n-terminal regions (either first 125 or 184 aa) and the rest of the c. glabrata cnh1p (up to the total protein length of 946 aa) were compared with those of the two native antiporters. both chimeric transporters were functional upon expression in s. cerevisiae cells, their presence improved the ability of cells to grow in the presence of high external concentration of k(+), na(+) or rb(+) (as chl ... | 2010 | 20941577 |
| cnh1 na(+) /h(+) antiporter and ena1 na(+) -atpase play different roles in cation homeostasis and cell physiology of candida glabrata. | yeasts tightly regulate their intracellular concentrations of alkali metal cations. in saccharomyces cerevisiae, the nha1 na(+) /h(+) -antiporter and ena1 na(+) -atpase, mediate the efflux of toxic sodium and surplus potassium. we report the characterization of candida glabrata cgcnh1 and cgena1 homologues. their substrate specificity and transport properties were compared upon expression in s. cerevisiae, and their function characterized directly in c. glabrata. the cgcnh1 antiporter and the cg ... | 2010 | 20942808 |
| yeast species composition differs between artisan bakery and spontaneous laboratory sourdoughs. | sourdough fermentations are characterized by the combined activity of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts. an investigation of the microbial composition of 21 artisan sourdoughs from 11 different belgian bakeries yielded 127 yeast isolates. also, 12 spontaneous 10-day laboratory sourdough fermentations with daily backslopping were performed with rye, wheat, and spelt flour, resulting in the isolation of 217 yeast colonies. the isolates were grouped according to pcr-fingerprints obtained with the pri ... | 2010 | 20384785 |
| identification of a passiflora alata curtis dimeric peptide showing identity with 2s albumins. | antifungal proteins and peptides, essential compounds for plant defense, have been isolated from several tissues of various plants. these proteins could be used as a natural alternative to control phytopathogenic fungi. in this report a heterodimeric antifungal protein named pa-afp1, showing higher identity with the 2s albumin family, was purified by using 70-100% ammonium sulfate saturation and further purification steps such as anionic exchange q-sepharose chromatography associated with hplc r ... | 2010 | 20955745 |
| in vitro activity of fluconazole and voriconazole against clinical isolates of candida spp. by e-test method. | the in vitro susceptibility of clinical candida isolates towards fluconazole and voriconazole was determined using the e-test method. a total of 41 clinical isolates recovered from patients since 2004 until 2009 from two local hospitals in kuala lumpur, malaysia were used. these comprised candida tropicalis, candida albicans, candida krusei, candida parapsilosis, candida rugosa, candida dubliniensis and candida glabrata. strains from american type culture collection were used as quality control. ... | 2010 | 20962716 |
| glutathione biosynthesis in the yeast pathogens candida glabrata and candida albicans: essential in c. glabrata, and essential for virulence in c. albicans. | redox pathways play a key role in pathogenesis. glutathione, a central molecule in redox homeostasis in yeasts, is an essential metabolite, but its requirements can be met either from endogenous biosynthesis or from the extracellular milieu. in this report we have examined the importance of glutathione biosynthesis in two major human opportunistic fungal pathogens, candida albicans and candida glabrata. as the genome sequence of c. glabrata had suggested the absence of glutathione transporters, ... | 2010 | 20966090 |
| in vitro activity of isavuconazole against 140 reference fungal strains and 165 clinically isolated yeasts from japan. | the in vitro susceptibilities of 140 laboratory reference strains of fungi, including type strains, and 165 clinical yeast isolates from japan towards isavuconazole compared with fluconazole (flc), itraconazole (itc), voriconazole and amphotericin b were measured. broth microdilution methods based on clinical and laboratory standards institute (clsi) methods were used for yeasts, and rpmi-mops medium semi-solidified with 0.2% low-melting-point agarose based on clsi guidelines was used for moulds ... | 2010 | 20674282 |
| synergistic activities of three triazoles with caspofungin against candida glabrata isolates determined by time-kill, etest, and disk diffusion methods. | combinations of voriconazole, fluconazole, and itraconazole with caspofungin were evaluated against 50 candida glabrata isolates by the time-kill, disk diffusion, and etest methods. the majority of antifungal combinations were indifferent. by the time-kill method, synergistic activity was detected with eight (16%) of the caspofungin-voriconazole and seven (14%) of the caspofungin-fluconazole combinations, but synergy was not seen with the caspofungin-itraconazole combination. further comparisons ... | 2010 | 20194697 |
| are disk diffusion and etest methods reliable for detecting candida glabrata and other species' susceptibility to fluconazole and voriconazole? | 2010 | 20685635 | |
| variation in candida spp. distribution and antifungal resistance rates among bloodstream infection isolates by patient age: report from the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program (2008-2009). | the variation in candida spp. causing bloodstream infection (bsi) and the frequency of resistance to fluconazole by patient age have been previously described. however, similar data have been shown for neither the echinocandins nor the newer triazoles. we analyzed the 24-h reference mic data from the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program to compare the antifungal resistance profiles and species distribution of candida bsi isolates according to patient age. mic results were obtained for anidu ... | 2010 | 20846808 |
| isolation of candida species is an important clue for suspecting gastrointestinal tract perforation as a cause of empyema. | empyema due to candida species is a rare entity, and the significance of isolation of candida species from the pleural effusion is not fully understood. | 2010 | 20847498 |
| prior colonisation with candida species fails to guide empirical therapy for candidaemia in critically ill adults. | pre-emptive fluconazole (fcz) anti-fungal therapy is often based upon candida colonisation of at least 2 non-contiguous non-sterile sites. the aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between candidaemia and prior colonisation of non-sterile sites. | 2010 | 20849877 |
| management of invasive candidiasis in the intensive care unit. | invasive candidiasis (ic) is an important infection in the intensive care unit (icu) setting given its association with poor clinical outcomes. the epidemiology of ic is complex and, although incompletely elucidated, is characterized by considerable regional and temporal variability. overall, there appears to be an increase in the incidence of ic and a change in distribution of the causative candida spp. of particular concern is an increase in the proportion of episodes caused by candida glabrat ... | 2010 | 20426495 |
| [mycological analysis of clinical materials of patients receiving total parenteral nutrition]. | the most frequent etiological factors of fungal infections in patients receiving total parenteral nutrition (tpn) belong to candida genus of the yeastlike fungi. in the tpn patients the several infectious complications can develop: venous catheter infection, catheter candidemia (fungemia), fungal endocarditis or fungal ophtalmitis. the capability of hydrolytic (proteolytic, lipolytic) enzymes secretion as well as biofilm formation on artificial surfaces are the most important factors of fungal s ... | 2010 | 20873489 |
| epidemiological survey of vulvovaginal candidosis in sfax, tunisia. | vulvovaginal candidosis (vvc) is a common infection of the female genital tract affecting 75% women at least once in their lifetime. the aim of this study was to determine the incidence and potential risk factors associated with vvc and recurrent vulvovaginal candidosis (rvvc). a prospective study of women with vaginitis symptoms was conducted over 2 years in the regional clinic of population and family education in sfax. a discriminant analysis was used to evaluate the association between the i ... | 2010 | 21039942 |
| [investigation of antifungal activity of ononis spinosa l. ash used for the therapy of skin infections as folk remedies]. | traditional folk remedies used for centuries come up focus of interest in recent years, due to the trend of use of herb-derived natural products. in addition, increasing morbidity and mortality rates of opportunistic fungal infections and accelerating antifungal resistance rates of fungi lead to the use of alternative therapies with herb-derived preparations as novel antifungals. ononis spinosa l. (spiny restharrow), which is classified in leguminosae family, is one of the plants used in herbal ... | 2010 | 21063975 |
| fungicidal activity of human lactoferrin-derived peptides based on the antimicrobial αβ region. | owing to the increasing number of infections in hospitalised patients caused by resistant strains of fungi, there is a need to develop new therapeutic agents for these infections. naturally occurring antimicrobial peptides may constitute models for developing such agents. a modified peptide sequence (cfqwkramrkvr; hlopt2) based on amino acid residues 20-31 of the n-terminal end of human lactoferrin (hlf) as well as a double-sized human lactoferricin-like peptide (amino acid residues 16-40; hlbd1 ... | 2010 | 21075607 |
| changing epidemiology of nosocomial bloodstream infections in 11 teaching hospitals in taiwan between 1993 and 2006. | healthcare-associated infections, formerly known as nosocomial infections, are one of the most important issues in current practice. understanding trends in overall infection rates, as well as their incidence and proportion among different causative organisms, can help us to better define our infection control methods and therapy goals. to understand the changing epidemiology of nosocomial bloodstream infections (bsi) in taiwan, we retrospectively collected nosocomial infection data from 11 hosp ... | 2010 | 21075709 |
| synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 2,4-disubstituted-1,3-thiazoles as anti-candida spp. agents. | a new series of [4-(4'-substituted-phenyl)thiazol-2-yl]hydrazine derivatives were synthesized in good yield (86-99%) and characterized by elemental analysis, ir, (1)h nmr, and mass spectral studies. the compounds were assayed for their in vitro broad-spectrum antifungal activity, compared to clotrimazole and fluconazole, against 20 clinical isolates of pathogenic candida spp., representing five different species. the results showed that the presence of heterocyclic or bicyclic rings on hydrazone ... | 2010 | 21084135 |
| clinical and economic outcomes of decreased fluconazole susceptibility in patients with candida glabrata bloodstream infections. | the impact of reduced fluconazole susceptibility on clinical and economic outcomes in patients with candida glabrata bloodstream infections (bsi) is unknown. | 2010 | 20542354 |
| diverse role of microbially bioconverted product of cabbage (brassica oleracea) by pseudomonas syringe pv. t1 on inhibiting candida species. | this study was carried out to evaluate the anticandidal effects of bioconverted product, obtained from the microbial conversion of cabbage (brassica oleracea) by a bacterial strain pseudomonas syringe pv. t1 (ps-t1) against various isolates of candida species. the diameters of zones of inhibition of bioconverted product of cabbage (10 μl, corresponding to 500 μg/disc) against candida albicans kacc 30003 and 30062, candida geochares kacc 30061, candida saitoana kacc 41238 and candida glabrata p00 ... | 2010 | 21093524 |
| essential oil composition of leaves of stachys yemenensis obtained by supercritical co₂. | this article reports the composition of the essential oil from the leaves of stachys yemenensis. the essential oil was extracted by supercritical co₂ (90 bar; 40 °c) and its chemical composition was determined by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. the major components of the sample were α-phellandrene (13.9%), β-phellandrene (11.7%), elemol (12.0%), spathulenol (6.7%), β-eudesmol (5.0%), α-eudesmol (4.75%) and squalene (4.8%). on the exhausted matrix, deprived of the vo ... | 2010 | 21104527 |
| eutypoids b-e produced by a penicillium sp. strain from the north sea. | crude extracts of the penicillium sp. strain kf620 isolated from the north sea showed antimicrobial activities against xanthomonas campestris and candida glabrata. purification of the extracts led to the isolation of the new aromatic butenolides eutypoids b (1), c (2), d (3), and e (4). their structures were elucidated by nmr spectroscopy and supported by hresims and uv data. the antibacterial activity of the crude extracts was due to the presence of the known diketopiperazine fellutanine (cyclo ... | 2010 | 21126094 |
| antifungal activity of the honeybee products against candida spp. and trichosporon spp. | honeybee products (honey, royal jelly, pollen, and propolis) were evaluated for their ability to inhibit the growth of 40 yeast strains of candida albicans, candida glabrata, candida krusei, and trichosporon spp. the broth microdilution method was used to assess the antifungal activity of honeybee products against yeasts. fluconazole was selected as the antifungal control agent. using the broth microdilution method, minimal inhibitory concentration ranges with regard to all isolates were 5-80% ( ... | 2010 | 21128826 |
| candida glabrata tryptophan-based pigment production via the ehrlich pathway. | pigments contribute to the pathogenicity of many fungi, mainly by protecting fungal cells from host defence activities. here, we have dissected the biosynthetic pathway of a tryptophan-derived pigment of the human pathogen candida glabrata, identified key genes involved in pigment production and have begun to elucidate the possible biological function of the pigment. using transcriptional analyses and a transposon insertion library, we have identified genes associated with pigment production. ta ... | 2010 | 20199593 |
| regulation of the cgpdr1 transcription factor from the pathogen candida glabrata. | candida glabrata is an opportunistic human pathogen that is increasingly associated with candidemia, owing in part to the intrinsic and acquired high tolerance the organism exhibits for the important clinical antifungal drug fluconazole. this elevated fluconazole resistance often develops through gain-of-function mutations in the zinc cluster-containing transcriptional regulator c. glabrata pdr1 (cgpdr1). cgpdr1 induces the expression of an atp-binding cassette (abc) transporter-encoding gene, c ... | 2010 | 21131438 |
| [onychomycosis-causing yeasts in four mexican dermatology centers and their antifungal susceptibility to azolic compounds]. | yeasts represent the second cause of nail fungal infection in the world, and candida albicans and candida parapsilosis are the two most common species. | 2010 | 21147249 |
| outcomes with micafungin in patients with candidaemia or invasive candidiasis due to candida glabrata and candida krusei. | infection with candida glabrata and candida krusei represents a major challenge. we sought to describe outcomes for patients with candidaemia/invasive candidiasis (c/ic) due to these pathogens who were treated with micafungin. | 2010 | 21147825 |
| fks2 mutations associated with decreased echinocandin susceptibility of candida glabrata following anidulafungin therapy. | this is the first case report of candida glabrata-disseminated candidiasis describing the acquisition of echinocandin resistance following anidulafungin treatment. the initial isolates recovered were susceptible to echinocandins. however, during 27 days of anidulafungin treatment, two resistant strains were isolated (from the blood and peritoneal fluid). the resistant peritoneal fluid isolate exhibited a ser663pro mutation in position 1987 of fks2 hs1 (hot spot 1), whereas the resistant blood is ... | 2010 | 21149621 |
| regulation of candida glabrata oxidative stress resistance is adapted to host environment. | the human fungal pathogen candida glabrata is related to saccharomyces cerevisiae but has developed high resistance against reactive oxygen species. we find that induction of conserved genes encoding antioxidant functions is dependent on the transcription factors cgyap1 and cgskn7 which cooperate for promoter recognition. superoxide stress resistance of c. glabrata is provided by superoxide dismutase cgsod1, which is not dependent on cgyap1/skn7. only double mutants lacking both cgsod1 and cgyap ... | 2010 | 21156173 |
| candida glabrata and candida albicans co-infection of an in vitro oral epithelium. | candida albicans is regarded as the leading of candidosis. however, candida glabrata has emerged as an important pathogen of oral mucosa, occurring both singly or in mixed species infections, often with c. albicans. compared with c. albicans, little is known about the role of c. glabrata in oral infection. the aim of this study was to examine single and mixed species infection of oral epithelium involving c. glabrata and establish its ability to invade and damage tissue. | 2010 | 21158929 |
| synthesis, antimicrobial activity and structure-activity relationship study of n,n-dibenzyl-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine derivatives. | we report herein synthesis and antimicrobial activity of a series of n,n-dibenzyl-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine derivatives. in order to study the structure-activity relationship of substituted dibenzyl-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine derivatives, 44 structurally diverse compounds were synthesized and tested against gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains. among them, compounds 17-20, 26, 37, 38 were found to be more active than tetracycline with mic value ranging 0.0005-0.032 μg/ml and no hemolysis ... | 2010 | 21163555 |
| in vitro evaluation of antibiotic lock technique for the treatment of candida albicans, c. glabrata, and c. tropicalis biofilms. | candidaemia associated with intravascular catheter-associated infections is of great concern due to the resulting high morbidity and mortality. the antibiotic lock technique (alt) was previously introduced to treat catheter-associated bacterial infections without removal of catheter. so far, the efficacy of alt against candida infections has not been rigorously evaluated. we investigated in vitro activity of alt against candida biofilms formed by c. albicans, c. glabrata, and c. tropicalis using ... | 2010 | 21165285 |
| nocapyrones a-d, gamma-pyrones from a nocardiopsis strain isolated from the marine sponge halichondria panicea. | four new gamma-pyrones, nocapyrones a-d (1-4), were isolated from an organic extract of the nocardiopsis strain hb383, which was isolated from the marine sponge halichondria panicea. these are the first gamma-pyrones reported from a nocardiopsis strain. the structures were elucidated on the basis of one- and two-dimensional nmr experiments and supported by hplc-uv/ms and hresims analyses. the biosynthesis of nocapyrone a was investigated by feeding experiments with (13)c-labeled compounds. in ad ... | 2010 | 20695474 |
| mitochondrial dna heteroplasmy in candida glabrata after mitochondrial transformation. | genetic manipulation of mitochondrial dna (mtdna) is the most direct method for investigating mtdna, but until now, this has been achieved only in the diploid yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. in this study, the atp6 gene on mtdna of the haploid yeast candida glabrata (torulopsis glabrata) was deleted by biolistic transformation of dna fragments with a recoded arg8(m) mitochondrial genetic marker, flanked by homologous arms to the atp6 gene. transformants were identified by arginine prototrophy. h ... | 2010 | 20207853 |
| candida glabrata: etiologic agent of soft tissue abscess in a diabetic patient. | 2010 | 20699547 | |
| synthesis of novel naphthyl substituted fused indazolonols as potent anticandidal agents. | a new series of naphthyl substituted indazolonols 15-21 were synthesized and characterized by their melting point, elemental analysis, ms, ft-ir, one-dimensional 1h, d2o exchanged 1h and 13c nmr spectroscopic data. | 2010 | 20707284 |
| is age a risk factor for candida glabrata colonisation? | summary studies have reported that candida glabrata infections are more common in older adults. we sought to determine colonisation rates of c. glabrata in the oral cavity and its relationship with age, comorbid illnesses and hospital or extended care facility stay. samples were obtained from four sites in the oral cavity and from dentures, when available, from 408 subjects from the community (136), hospital (126) or an extended care facility (146). overall, 219 (53.7%) subjects were colonised w ... | 2010 | 20707848 |
| epidemiology of invasive candidiasis. | this review covers candidaemia in numbers, susceptibility issues, host groups, risk factors and outcome. | 2010 | 20711075 |
| caspofungin use in patients with invasive candidiasis caused by common non-albicans candida species: review of the caspofungin database. | increasing rates of invasive candidiasis caused by non-albicans candida species have been reported worldwide. particular concerns have been raised for c. parapsilosis because of reduced in vitro susceptibility to echinocandins. we identified 212 patients with invasive candidiasis due to non-albicans candida species (>or=5 cases per species) in 5 clinical trials of caspofungin monotherapy from the pharmaceutical sponsor's (merck and co., inc.) database: 71 cases were caused by c. parapsilosis, 65 ... | 2010 | 20231388 |
| dynamic evolution of megasatellites in yeasts. | megasatellites are a new family of long tandem repeats, recently discovered in the yeast candida glabrata. compared to shorter tandem repeats, such as minisatellites, megasatellite motifs range in size from 135 to more than 300 bp, and allow calculation of evolutionary distances between individual motifs. using divergence based on nucleotide substitutions among similar motifs, we determined the smallest distance between two motifs, allowing their subsequent clustering. motifs belonging to the sa ... | 2010 | 20360043 |
| mutational analysis of flucytosine resistance in candida glabrata. | the antifungal flucytosine (5-fluorocytosine [5fc]) is a prodrug metabolized to its toxic form, 5-fluorouracil (5fu), only by organisms expressing cytosine deaminase. one such organism is candida glabrata, which has emerged as the second most common agent of bloodstream and mucosal candidiasis. this emergence has been attributed to the high rate at which c. glabrata develops resistance to azole antifungals. as an oral agent, 5fc represents an attractive alternative or complement to azoles; howev ... | 2010 | 20823283 |
| recognition of yeast by murine macrophages requires mannan but not glucan. | the first barrier against infection by candida albicans involves fungal recognition and destruction by phagocytic cells of the innate immune system. it is well established that interactions between different phagocyte receptors and components of the fungal cell wall trigger phagocytosis and subsequent immune responses, but the fungal ligands mediating the initial stage of recognition have not been identified. here, we describe a novel assay for fungal recognition and uptake by macrophages which ... | 2010 | 20833894 |
| risk factors for fluconazole resistance in patients with candida glabrata bloodstream infection: potential impact of control group selection on characterizing the association between previous fluconazole use and fluconazole resistance. | although candida glabrata is an emerging infection, risk factors for fluconazole resistance in patients with c glabrata bloodstram infection (bsi) have not been well elucidated. | 2010 | 20371135 |
| origin and fate of pseudogenes in hemiascomycetes: a comparative analysis. | pseudogenes are ubiquitous genetic elements that derive from functional genes after mutational inactivation. characterization of pseudogenes is important to understand genome dynamics and evolution, and its significance increases when several genomes of related organisms can be compared. among yeasts, only the genome of the s. cerevisiae reference strain has been analyzed so far for pseudogenes. | 2010 | 20412590 |
| multilocus microsatellite markers for molecular typing of candida glabrata: application to analysis of genetic relationships between bloodstream and digestive system isolates. | candida glabrata has emerged as the second most common etiologic agent, after candida albicans, of superficial and invasive candidiasis in adults. strain typing is essential for epidemiological investigation, but easy-to-use and reliable typing methods are still lacking. we report the use of a multilocus microsatellite typing method with a set of eight markers on a panel of 180 strains, including 136 blood isolates from hospitalized patients and 34 digestive tract isolates from nonhospitalized p ... | 2010 | 20844221 |
| antifungal activity of posaconazole against candida spp. and non-candida clinical yeasts isolates. | the in vitro antifungal activity of posaconazole was tested against 315 yeast clinical isolates and 11 atcc reference strains by means an agar diffusion method (neosensitabs, rosco,denmark) based in clsi m44-a2 document. posaconazole activity was excellent against cryptococcus and rhodotorula species studied and showed very good activity against most species of candida tested. a total of 13 clinical isolates (4.1%) were resistant: candida albicans (n=5), candida glabrata (n=5), candida tropicali ... | 2010 | 20844842 |
| early prediction of candida glabrata fungemia in nonneutropenic critically ill patients. | candida species represent the fourth cause of nosocomial bloodstream infections worldwide. because candida glabrata has become the second most frequently identified yeast and because the rate of fluconazole-resistant c. glabrata strains reaches 10% to 15%, initial antifungal therapy based on fluconazole in nonneutropenic hemodynamically stable patients, as recommended by current guidelines, may be an ineffective option. our aim was to determine easy-to-identify risk factors for c. glabrata funge ... | 2010 | 20042858 |
| bacterial lipopolysaccharides variably modulate in vitro biofilm formation of candida species. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the bacterial endotoxin lps on candida biofilm formation in vitro. the effect of the lps of pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella pneumoniae, serratia marcescens and salmonella typhimurium on six different species of candida, comprising candida albicans atcc 90028, candida glabrata atcc 90030, candida krusei atcc 6258, candida tropicalis atcc 13803, candida parapsilosis atcc 22019 and candida dubliniensis mya 646, was studied using a standar ... | 2010 | 20576747 |
| multilocus sequence type analysis reveals both clonality and recombination in populations of candida glabrata bloodstream isolates from u.s. surveillance studies. | the human commensal yeast candida glabrata is becoming increasingly important as an agent of nosocomial bloodstream infection. however, relatively little is known concerning the genetics and population structure of this species. we have analyzed 230 incident bloodstream isolates from previous and current population-based surveillance studies by using multilocus sequence typing (mlst). our results show that in the u.s. cities of atlanta, ga; baltimore, md; and san francisco, ca during three time ... | 2010 | 20190071 |
| gene duplication and the evolution of ribosomal protein gene regulation in yeast. | coexpression of genes within a functional module can be conserved at great evolutionary distances, whereas the associated regulatory mechanisms can substantially diverge. for example, ribosomal protein (rp) genes are tightly coexpressed in saccharomyces cerevisiae, but the cis and trans factors associated with them are surprisingly diverged across ascomycota fungi. little is known, however, about the functional impact of such changes on actual expression levels or about the selective pressures t ... | 2010 | 20212107 |
| case report 3: colorectal cancer patient. | 2010 | 20591013 | |
| method to purify mitochondrial dna directly from yeast total dna. | during the purification of total dna from yeast, both nuclear and mitochondrial dna (mtdna) molecules are obtained. here, we describe a simple enzymatic method using a combination of λ exonuclease and recj(f) to obtain pure and intact mtdna by removing linear dna from total dna isolated from yeast cells. the combination of the two enzymes efficiently removed linear dna from the total dna of candida (torulopsis) glabrata, leaving the mtdna intact. the purity and integrity of mtdna was assayed by ... | 2010 | 20600282 |
| microbial conversion and anticandidal effects of bioconverted product of cabbage (brassica oleracea) by pectobacterium carotovorum pv. carotovorum 21. | this study was undertaken to examine the anticandidal effects of microbially bioconverted product of cabbage, obtained from the microbial conversion of cabbage (brassica oleracea var. capitata) by a bacterial strain pectobacterium carotovorum pv. carotovorum 21 (pcc 21) against various isolates of candida species including a clinical isolate. the bioconverted product (10 microl, corresponding to 500 microg/disc) displayed potential anticandidal effect against candida albicans kacc 30062, candida ... | 2010 | 20600519 |
| novel pyridobenzimidazole derivatives exhibiting antifungal activity by the inhibition of beta-1,6-glucan synthesis. | based on the hts hit compound 1a, an inhibitor of beta-1,6-glucan synthesis, we synthesized novel pyridobenzimidazole derivatives and evaluated their antifungal activity. among the compounds synthesized, we identified the potent compound 15e, which exhibits excellent activity superior to fluconazole against both candida glabrata and candida krusei. from the sar study, we revealed essential moieties for antifungal activity. | 2010 | 20605446 |
| role of the slt2 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in cell wall integrity and virulence in candida glabrata. | the slt2 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway plays a major role in maintaining fungal cell wall integrity. in this study, we investigated the effects of slt2 deletion and overexpression on drug susceptibility and virulence in the opportunistic fungal pathogen candida glabrata. while the deltaslt2 strain showed decreased tolerance to elevated temperature and cell wall-damaging agents, the slt2-overexpressing strain exhibited increased tolerance to these stresses. a mutant lacking rlm1, a tra ... | 2010 | 20214686 |
| prevalence and antifungal drug sensitivity of non-albicans candida in oral rinse samples of self-caring elderly. | gerodontology 2010; doi: 10.1111/j.1741-2358.2010.00407.x prevalence and antifungal drug sensitivity of non-albicans candida in oral rinse samples of self-caring elderly aim: to assess the prevalence and antifungal drug sensitivity of non-albicans candida (nac) species in elderly outpatients. materials and methods: we investigated oral rinse samples of 194 self-caring elderly population (mean age 83 years) with emphasis on background factors for harbouring nac. susceptibility of candida species ... | 2010 | 20609005 |
| candidal abscess of the parotid gland due to candida glabrata: report of a case and literature review. | we report the case of an immunocompetent woman who developed a candida glabrata abscess of the parotid gland and present a review of similar cases from the literature. diagnosis was based on the isolation of c. glabrata in pure culture from the abscess pus. examination of stained smears of the same material demonstrated small sized yeast cells, some being intra-macrophagic. combination of a local drainage and oral fluconazole proved to be an efficient therapeutic strategy. candidal abscesses are ... | 2010 | 20141375 |
| application of an oligonucleotide microarray-based nano-amplification technique for the detection of fungal pathogens. | the traditional techniques for diagnosis of invasive fungal infections in the clinical microbiology laboratory need improvement. these techniques are prone to delay results due to their time-consuming process, or result in misidentification of the fungus due to low sensitivity or low specificity. the aim of this study was to develop a method for the rapid detection and identification of fungal pathogens. | 2010 | 20618094 |
| target validation and ligand development for a pathogenic fungal profilin, using a knock-down strain of pathogenic yeast candida glabrata and structure-based ligand design. | the emergence of antifungal drug resistance is triggering vigorous searches for novel antifungal targets and lead compounds. in this study, we focused on fungal profilin, which is a small actin control protein sharing limited homology to human profilin. to validate its potentiality as a target, a profilin-conditional mutant of the pathogenic yeast candida glabrata was constructed, using a regulatable tet promoter, and its growth was monitored in vitro. repression of profilin expression led to se ... | 2010 | 20148388 |
| comparative evaluation of the vitek 2 yeast susceptibility test and clsi broth microdilution reference method for testing antifungal susceptibility of invasive fungal isolates in italy: the gisia3 study. | the newly available ast-ys01 vitek 2 cards were evaluated, and the results were compared with those obtained by the clsi m27-a2 microdilution reference method. clinical fungal isolates, including 614 isolates of candida spp., 10 cryptococcus neoformans isolates, 1 geotrichum capitatum isolate, and 2 quality control strains, were tested for their susceptibilities to amphotericin b, fluconazole, and voriconazole using both methods. the majority of fungal isolates were susceptible to all antifungal ... | 2010 | 20631105 |
| identification of fungemia agents using the polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. | prompt and specific identification of fungemia agents is important in order to define clinical treatment. however, in most cases conventional culture identification can be considered to be time-consuming and not without errors. the aim of the present study was to identify the following fungemia agents: candida albicans, candida parapsilosis, candida tropicalis, candida glabrata, cryptococcus neoformans, cryptococcus gattii, and histoplasma capsulatum using the polymerase chain reaction and restr ... | 2010 | 20640387 |
| antifungal drug resistance of oral fungi. | fungi comprise a minor component of the oral microbiota but give rise to oral disease in a significant proportion of the population. the most common form of oral fungal disease is oral candidiasis, which has a number of presentations. the mainstay for the treatment of oral candidiasis is the use of polyenes, such as nystatin and amphotericin b, and azoles including miconazole, fluconazole, and itraconazole. resistance of fungi to polyenes is rare, but some candida species, such as candida glabra ... | 2010 | 20155503 |
| changing trends in the epidemiology of candida blood stream infections: a matter for concern? | 2010 | 20168159 | |
| epidemiology of opportunistic fungal infections in latin america. | this review discusses the epidemiology of the most clinically relevant opportunistic fungal infections in latin america, including candidiasis, cryptococcosis, trichosporonosis, aspergillosis, and fusariosis. the epidemiologic features, including incidence, of some of these mycoses are markedly different in latin america than they are in other parts of the world. the most consistent epidemiologic data are available for candidemia, with a large prospective study in brazil reporting an incidence t ... | 2010 | 20658942 |
| dual candidemia detected by nested polymerase chain reaction in two critically ill children. | the use of improved microbiological procedures associated with molecular techniques has increased the identification of candida bloodstream infections, even if the isolation of more than one species by culture methods remains uncommon. we report the cases of two children presenting with severe gastrointestinal disorders and other risk factors that contribute to candida infections. in the first patient, c. albicans dna was initially detected by a nested-amplification and c. tropicalis was found l ... | 2010 | 20662631 |
| coevolution within a transcriptional network by compensatory trans and cis mutations. | transcriptional networks have been shown to evolve very rapidly, prompting questions as to how such changes arise and are tolerated. recent comparisons of transcriptional networks across species have implicated variations in the cis-acting dna sequences near genes as the main cause of divergence. what is less clear is how these changes interact with trans-acting changes occurring elsewhere in the genetic circuit. here, we report the discovery of a system of compensatory trans and cis mutations i ... | 2010 | 20978140 |
| bench-to-bedside review: therapeutic management of invasive candidiasis in the intensive care unit. | candida is one of the most frequent pathogens in bloodstream infections, and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. the epidemiology of species responsible for invasive candidiasis, both at local and worldwide levels, has been changing - shifting from candida albicans to non-albicans species, which can be resistant to fluconazole (candida krusei and candida glabrata) or difficult to eradicate because of biofilm production (candida parapsilosis). numerous intensive care unit pati ... | 2010 | 21144007 |
| overexpression of the trichodiene synthase gene tri5 increases trichodermin production and antimicrobial activity in trichoderma brevicompactum. | trichoderma brevicompactum produces trichodermin, a simple trichothecene-type toxin that shares the first steps of the sesquiterpene biosynthetic pathway with other phytotoxic trichothecenes from fusarium spp. trichodiene synthase catalyses the conversion of farnesyl pyrophosphate to trichodiene and it is encoded by the tri5 gene that was cloned and analysed functionally by homologous overexpression in t. brevicompactum. tri5 expression was up-regulated in media with glucose, h(2)o(2) or glycero ... | 2010 | 21145409 |
| clinical microbiology of neonatal candidiasis in hungary. | the occurrence of candida spp. was investigated during a three-year period in two neonatal intensive care units, budapest, hungary. the species distribution among the 41 analysed cases was the following: c. albicans (30/41, 73%), c. parapsilosis (10/41, 24%) and c. glabrata (1/41, 3%). all of the isolates were susceptible to the tested drugs. there was a significant difference in the birth weight, the gestational age <30 weeks and the occurrence of caesarean section between the c. albicans and t ... | 2010 | 21183426 |
| characterization of the multi-drug efflux systems of pathogenic fungi using functional hyperexpression in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | systemic fungal infections, caused by a wide variety of fungi, contribute to high mortality in humans with immunocompromised conditions. however, there are few classes of antifungal drugs available, limiting therapeutic options. azoles are the most commonly used class of antifungals to treat many fungal infections, but resistance to azoles can be induced or, for some fungi, is an inherent property. one of major mechanisms of azole resistance is overexpression of drug efflux pumps in fungal cell ... | 2010 | 20467195 |
| the epidemiology of candida species associated with vulvovaginal candidiasis in an iranian patient population. | vulvovaginal candidiasis is a common infection among women worldwide. according to previous epidemiological studies, candida albicans is the most common species of candida. the prevalence of non-candida species, however, is increasing. identification of candida species among the population will not only help health professionals to choose suitable antifungal treatments, but also prevent development of drug resistance. the aim of this study was to identify, using chromogenic agar medium, the cand ... | 2010 | 21194828 |
| [opportunistic pathogen candida glabrata and the mechanisms of its resistance to antifungal drugs]. | treatment of not only bacterial but also fungal infections is currently a growing concern. a major reason is the acquisition of multidrug resistance in both prokaryotic and human cells. the multidrug resistance phenotype is a cellular response to the presence of cytotoxic substances in the environment. the basic mechanism of multidrug resistance is overexpression of the membrane proteins involved in the extrusion of toxic substances outside the cell. the resistance mechanism based on the efflux ... | 2010 | 20586168 |
| [evaluation of antifungal activity of mitracarpus scaber, a rubiaceae misca codified on candida glabrata]. | 2010 | 20699084 | |
| echinocandins: a ray of hope in antifungal drug therapy. | invasive fungal infections are on the rise. amphotericin b and azole antifungals have been the mainstay of antifungal therapy so far. the high incidence of infusion related toxicity and nephrotoxicity with amphotericin b and the emergence of fluconazole resistant strains of candida glabrata egged on the search for alternatives. echinocandins are a new class of antifungal drugs that act by inhibition of beta (1, 3)-d- glucan synthase, a key enzyme necessary for integrity of the fungal cell wall.c ... | 2010 | 20606829 |
| t-2307 shows efficacy in a murine model of candida glabrata infection despite in vitro trailing growth phenomena. | t-2307, a novel arylamidine, has been shown to exhibit broad-spectrum in vitro and in vivo antifungal activities against clinically significant pathogens. in our preliminary studies, candida glabrata exhibited significant trailing growth (partial inhibition of growth over an extended range of antifungal concentrations) in the presence of t-2307 when it was tested using the clinical and laboratory standards institute (clsi) guidelines with 0.2% glucose and 48 h of incubation, making reading of th ... | 2010 | 20547803 |
| necrotizing soft tissue infection of the glans penis due to atypical candida species complicated with fournier's gangrene. | 2010 | 20574621 | |
| [bilateral emphysematous pyelonephritis caused by candida glabrata: an exceptional entity]. | acute emphysematous pyelonephritis (aep) is a severe form of urinary tract infection. it occurs usually in diabetics. the most concerned agents are the gram-negative bacilli. we report a first case of bilateral aep due to candida glabrata, occurred in a 64-year-old diabetic woman. the clinical presentation started with fever and abdominal pains, without signs of urinary tract infection. within six hours, the patient had developed a septic shock with renal failure and ketoacidosis. the diagnosis ... | 2010 | 20650696 |
| evolutionary divergence in the fungal response to fluconazole revealed by soft clustering. | fungal infections are an emerging health risk, especially those involving yeast that are resistant to antifungal agents. to understand the range of mechanisms by which yeasts can respond to anti-fungals, we compared gene expression patterns across three evolutionarily distant species - saccharomyces cerevisiae, candida glabrata and kluyveromyces lactis - over time following fluconazole exposure. | 2010 | 20653936 |
| subtelomeric silencing of the mtl3 locus of candida glabrata requires yku70, yku80, and rif1 proteins. | candida glabrata is a haploid opportunistic fungal pathogen that is phylogenetically related to saccharomyces cerevisiae. even though c. glabrata has no known sexual cycle, it contains, like s. cerevisiae, three mating type-like loci (mtl) called mtl1, mtl2, and mtl3, as well as most of the genes required for mating, meiosis, and sporulation. mtl1 is localized at an internal position on chromosome b and is thought to be the locus corresponding to the mat locus in s. cerevisiae. mtl2 and mtl3 are ... | 2010 | 20675581 |
| domain organization in candida glabrata thi6, a bifunctional enzyme required for thiamin biosynthesis in eukaryotes. | thi6 is a bifunctional enzyme found in the thiamin biosynthetic pathway in eukaryotes. the n-terminal domain of thi6 catalyzes the ligation of the thiamin thiazole and pyrimidine moieties to form thiamin phosphate, and the c-terminal domain catalyzes the phosphorylation of 4-methyl-5-hydroxyethylthiazole in a salvage pathway. in prokaryotes, thiamin phosphate synthase and 4-methyl-5-hydroxyethylthiazole kinase are separate gene products. here we report the first crystal structure of a eukaryotic ... | 2010 | 20968298 |
| analysis of candida glabrata strains with reduced sensitivity to micafungin in vitro isolated from a patient with persistent candidemia. | we report the appearance of candida glabrata strains with reduced sensitivity during treatment with the echinocandin drug micafungin (mcf). four c. glabrata strains were isolated from sputum, gastric juice, and blood taken from a patient during hospitalization. two of these strains, one of which was obtained after treatment with mcf for suspected candida pneumonia and the other of which was obtained during mcf treatment for candidemia, were isolated from blood and found to have a reduced suscept ... | 2010 | 20858999 |
| biodiversity of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts in spontaneously-fermented buckwheat and teff sourdoughs. | in this study, four different laboratory scale gluten-free (gf) sourdoughs were developed from buckwheat or teff flours. the fermentations were initiated by the spontaneous biota of the flours and developed under two technological conditions (a and b). sourdoughs were propagated by continuous back-slopping until the stability was reached. the composition of the stable biota occurring in each sourdough was assessed using both culture-dependent and -independent techniques. overall, a broad spectru ... | 2010 | 21356457 |
| novel acid phosphatase in candida glabrata suggests selective pressure and niche specialization in the phosphate signal transduction pathway. | evolution through natural selection suggests unnecessary genes are lost. we observed that the yeast candida glabrata lost the gene encoding a phosphate-repressible acid phosphatase (pho5) present in many yeasts including saccharomyces cerevisiae. however, c. glabrata still had phosphate starvation-inducible phosphatase activity. screening a c. glabrata genomic library, we identified cgpmu2, a member of a three-gene family that contains a phosphomutase-like domain. this small-scale gene duplicati ... | 2010 | 20739710 |
| disseminate fungal infection after acute pancreatitis in a simultaneous pancreas-kidney recipient. | fungal infections after kidney transplantation are a major cause of morbidity and mortality, and candida infection of the pancreas is considered an infrequent but important agent in necrotizing pancreatitis. we report the case of a 43-year-old caucasian patient who underwent simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation because of diabetes type i, and chronic renal failure with peritoneal dialysis. the postoperative course was complicated by acute pancreatitis due to the thrombosis of the splenic ... | 2010 | 20628506 |
| [fungi as etiologic emergent agents of the ventilator-associated pneumonia after cardiac surgery]. | evaluation of the fungal involvement in the etiology of ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) after cardiac surgery. the study had as target the patients diagnosed with vap after cardiac surgery at the institute of cardiovascular diseases in iaşi, between april 2nd 2002 and december 31st 2009. material and method: our study included only cases with fungal etiology of vap. we examined quantitatively the tracheal aspirates with cytology quality score q = 2+: microscopy and cultivation. the isolate ... | 2010 | 21500462 |
| rna polymerase i contains a tfiif-related dna-binding subcomplex. | the eukaryotic rna polymerases pol i, ii, and iii use different promoters to transcribe different classes of genes. promoter usage relies on initiation factors, including tfiif and tfiie, in the case of pol ii. here, we show that the pol i-specific subunits a49 and a34.5 form a subcomplex that binds dna and is related to tfiif and tfiie. the n-terminal regions of a49 and a34.5 form a dimerization module that stimulates polymerase-intrinsic rna cleavage and has a fold that resembles the tfiif cor ... | 2010 | 20797630 |
| fks mutations and elevated echinocandin mic values among candida glabrata isolates from u.s. population-based surveillance. | candida glabrata is the second leading cause of candidemia in the united states. its high-level resistance to triazole antifungal drugs has led to the increased use of the echinocandin class of antifungal agents for primary therapy of these infections. we monitored c. glabrata bloodstream isolates from a population-based surveillance study for elevated echinocandin mic values (mics of ≥0.25 μg/ml). from the 490 c. glabrata isolates that were screened, we identified 16 isolates with an elevated m ... | 2010 | 20837754 |
| genomewide expression profile analysis of the candida glabrata pdr1 regulon. | the abc transporters candida glabrata cdr1 (cgcdr1), cgpdh1, and cgsnq2 are known to mediate azole resistance in the pathogenic fungus c. glabrata. activating mutations in cgpdr1, a zinc cluster transcription factor, result in constitutive upregulation of these abc transporter genes but to various degrees. we examined the genomewide gene expression profiles of two matched azole-susceptible and -resistant c. glabrata clinical isolate pairs. of the differentially expressed genes identified in the ... | 2010 | 21193550 |
| improved atp supply enhances acid tolerance of candida glabrata during pyruvic acid production. | a major problem in industrial fermentation of organic acids with micro-organisms is to ensure a suitable ph in the culture broth. to circumvent this problem, we investigated the effect of citrate, which is a widely used auxiliary energy co-substrate, on cell growth, organic acid production and ph homeostasis among extracellular environment, cytoplasm and vacuole, in the pyruvic acid production by candida glabrata cctcc m202019 under different ph conditions. | 2010 | 20880146 |
| accelerating glycolytic flux of torulopsis glabrata cctcc m202019 at high oxidoreduction potential created using potassium ferricyanide. | this study aimed to increase the glycolytic flux of the multivitamin auxotrophic yeast torulopsis glabrata by redirecting nadh oxidation from oxidative phosphorylation to membrane-bound ferric reductase. we added potassium ferricyanide as electron acceptor to t. glabrata culture broth at 20% dissolved oxygen (do) concentration, which resulted in: (1) decreases in the nadh content, nadh/nad(+) ratio, and atp level of 45.3%, 60.3%, and 15.2%, respectively; (2) high activities of the key glycolytic ... | 2010 | 20886645 |
| improved clinical laboratory identification of human pathogenic yeasts by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. | clin microbiol infect abstract: the key to therapeutic success with yeast infections is an early onset of antifungal treatment with an appropriate drug regimen. to do this, yeast species identification is necessary, but conventional biochemical and morphological approaches are time-consuming. the recent arrival of biophysical methods, such as matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms), in routine diagnostic laboratories holds the promise of signif ... | 2010 | 20946411 |
| proteomic analysis of cytosolic proteins associated with petite mutations in candida glabrata. | the incidence of superficial or deep-seated infections due to candida glabrata has increased markedly, probably because of the low intrinsic susceptibility of this microorganism to azole antifungals and its relatively high propensity to acquire azole resistance. to determine changes in the c. glabrata proteome associated with petite mutations, cytosolic extracts from an azole-resistant petite mutant of c. glabrata induced by exposure to ethidium bromide, and from its azole-susceptible parent iso ... | 2010 | 21085892 |
| overcoming the heterologous bias: an in vivo functional analysis of multidrug efflux transporter, cgcdr1p in matched pair clinical isolates of candida glabrata. | we have taken advantage of the natural milieu of matched pair of azole sensitive (as) and azole resistant (ar) clinical isolates of candida glabrata for expressing its major abc multidrug transporter, cgcdr1p for structure and functional analysis. this was accomplished by tagging a green fluorescent protein (gfp) downstream of orf of cgcdr1 and integrating the resultant fusion protein at its native chromosomal locus in as and ar backgrounds. the characterization confirmed that in comparison to a ... | 2010 | 21134356 |
| strategy for simultaneous saccharification and fermentation using a respiratory-deficient mutant of candida glabrata for bioethanol production. | high temperature and agitation are advantageous for ethanol production from insoluble feedstock when using the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (ssf) technique. to construct an effective ssf system, a respiratory-deficient mutant was isolated from the thermotolerant yeast candida glabrata. our results suggest that this respiratory-deficient mutant has higher ethanol production abilities in ssf. | 2010 | 20547382 |
| a yeast cell-based system for screening candida glabrata multidrug resistance reversal agents and selection of loss-of-function pdr1 mutants. | in the pathogenic yeast candida glabrata, multidrug resistance is associated with the overexpression of drug efflux pumps caused by gain-of-function mutations in the cgpdr1 gene. cgpdr1p transcription factor, which activates the expression of several drug efflux transporter genes, is considered to be a promising target for compounds sensitizing the multidrug-resistant yeast cells. here, we describe a cell-based screening system for detecting the inhibitory activity of compounds interfering with ... | 2010 | 21129149 |
| gene expression and identification related to fluconazole resistance of candida glabrata strains. | candida glabrata has become one of the most common causes of candida bloodstream infections worldwide. some strains of c. glabrata may be intermediately resistant to all azoles. the several possible mechanisms of azole resistance have been reported previously, but the exact resistant mechanism is not clear. in this study, we identified differentially expressed genes (degs) of fluconazole-resistant c. glabrata and compared the gene expression of fluconazole-resistant strains with that of fluconaz ... | 2010 | 24159438 |
| epidemiology and phospholipase activity of oral candida spp. among patients with central nervous system diseases before and after dental cleaning procedure. | patients suffering of diseases that affect central nervous system may be considered more susceptible to the infectious diseases of mouth. sixty-nine patients suffering of cerebral palsy, down's syndrome and metal retardation were submitted to saliva examination for the presence of candida spp. before and after a procedure of dental cleaning. the isolates were submitted to assay for verifying phospholipase production. 55.10% of the patients provided isolation of candida spp. the frequency of isol ... | 2010 | 24031457 |
| genotypic, phenotypic, and proteomic characterization of candida glabrata during sequential fluconazole exposure. | candida glabrata is a major pathogen in humans known to be intrinsically resistant to fluconazole. however, genotypic, phenotypic, and proteomic changes associated with reduced susceptibility to fluconazole are not properly understood. the aim of this study was to observe specific phenotypic, chromosomal, and proteomic alterations in a candida glabrata strain sequentially exposed to fluconazole. | 2011 | 25426605 |
| candida glabrata perinephric abscess. | perinephric abscess is a rare complication of urinary tract infections, and the etiology is usually a gram negative bacillus. we report a case of candida glabrata perinephric abscess in a patient with diabetes mellitus who had a recent episode of pyelonephritis that was treated with antibiotics. percutaneous drainage and fluconazole treatment led to resolution of the infection. yeast perinephric abscess should be considered when symptoms of acute or chronic urinary tract infection occur in elder ... | 2011 | 25610164 |