Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| bronchoalveolar lavage findings in patients seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). | to evaluate bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) findings in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), 39 patients seropositive for the virus but with no history of opportunistic infection were studied. opportunistic organisms such as pneumocystis carinii were not found in any of the 35 bal fluids sent for special stains and cultures. three of 16 (18 percent) bal fluids sent for hiv culture were positive compared with a 60.9 percent blood hiv culture positivity in the same group. to eva ... | 1990 | 2331900 |
| abnormal lung gallium-67 uptake preceding pulmonary physiologic impairment in an asymptomatic patient with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was suggested by a diffuse, bilateral pulmonary uptake of gallium-67 in an asymptomatic, homosexual male with the antibody to the immunodeficiency virus (hiv) who was undergoing staging evaluation for lymphoma clinically localized to a left inguinal lymph node. chest radiograph and pulmonary function evaluation, including lung volumes, diffusing capacity and arterial blood gases, were within normal limits. bronchoalveolar lavage revealed pneumocystis carinii organi ... | 1990 | 2331930 |
| acute, rapidly progressive renal failure with simultaneous use of amphotericin b and pentamidine. | we report four cases of acute reversible renal failure in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome who received both amphotericin b (for systemic mycoses) and pentamidine isethionate (for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia). the concurrent use of amphotericin b with either inhaled pentamidine or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole did not cause significant renal impairment. | 1990 | 2334159 |
| trimetrexate efficacy and pharmacokinetics during treatment of refractory pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in an infant with severe combined immunodeficiency disease. | 1990 | 2336302 | |
| [clinical courses and pathological findings in two gay male patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome infected in japan]. | this is a report on the clinical courses and pathological findings in two gay male patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) infected in japan. case 1. a 39 year-old japanese homosexual male was diagnosed as amebic dysentery complicated with liver abscess on admission. he was placed on metronidazole with complete relief. serological tests was positive for aids. on second admission, he was found to have pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) and cytomegalo-viral uveitis. administratio ... | 1990 | 2338506 |
| [pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in hiv-positive and hiv-negative patients]. | bronchoalveolar lavage was used in 170 immunocompromised patients for detection of causative agents. pneumocystis carinii was isolated 18 times from hiv-positive patients and 14 times from patients suffering from immunodeficiencies due to various other diseases. patients with aids were in better clinical condition, had fewer infiltrates on chest x-ray, a higher oxygen partial pressure and lower ldh-plasma concentration than hiv-negative patients. in spite of the earlier stage of the disease pati ... | 1990 | 2339226 |
| can the course of high dose cotrimoxazole for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in aids be shorter? a possible solution to the problem of cotrimoxazole toxicity. | fifty consecutive patients with confirmed pcp received a high dose of cotrimoxazole for 14 d, or until development of intolerance, directly followed by reduced dose maintenance therapy. seven individuals died during the high dose course. twenty (47%) of the 43 survivors showed toxicity reactions that necessitated dose reduction to maintenance level on average after 9.6 d. thirteen of these 20 individuals tolerated the reduced dose, and seven did not. no further cases of toxicity were observed. i ... | 1990 | 2341830 |
| a protocol for intravenous pentamidine administration. | pentamidine isethionate has been approved by the food and drug administration as a treatment for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, the most common opportunistic infection associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. this article outlines the protocol for intravenous administration of pentamidine isethionate in use at the mount sinai medical center in new york. | 1990 | 2341961 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: spectrum of parenchymal ct findings. | computed tomographic (ct) scans of the chest in 39 patients with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) were reviewed to determine the spectrum and frequency of ct manifestations of pcp. parenchymal disease was categorized as either bilateral or unilateral, symmetric or asymmetric, and diffuse or patchy. infiltrates were classified as interstitial, airspace, or mixed. on this basis, three ct patterns of involvement were identified: a ground-glass patchwork pattern in 22 of 39 (56%), and an interst ... | 1990 | 2343118 |
| radiographic distribution of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with aids treated with prophylactic inhaled pentamidine. | the radiographic distribution of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was studied in 64 consecutive patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome to determine the demographic and clinical factors that might be associated with predominance of the disease in the upper zones of the lungs. twenty-three patients were receiving monthly prophylaxis with 300 mg of aerosolized pentamidine by means of inhalation; the other 41 were not receiving pentamidine and served as a control group. parenchymal abnormali ... | 1990 | 2343119 |
| radiologic distinction of pyogenic pulmonary infection from pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in aids patients. | thirty-four episodes of pyogenic pulmonary infection in 30 patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and 30 episodes of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) in 30 aids patients were reviewed to determine if the radiologic features were more helpful than clinical and laboratory findings in the differential diagnosis. the radiologic features of pyogenic pulmonary infection included lobar consolidation, nodules, infiltrates with pleural effusions, round infiltrates, and pleural effu ... | 1990 | 2343120 |
| pneumocystis carinii infections in transplant recipients. | pneumocystis carinii is an organism of uncertain taxonomy that causes diffuse pneumonitis in malnourished infants and immunocompromised hosts. in transplant recipients, the infection most commonly presents from 2 to 6 months after transplantation with symptoms of dyspnea, fever, and dry cough lasting from a few days to a few weeks. a diagnosis is most readily and safely achieved by examination of material obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage for cyst forms of the organism. the therapy of choice is ... | 1990 | 2343205 |
| haemophilia, aids and lung epithelial permeability. | lung 99mtc dtpa transfer was measured in hiv antibody-positive haemophiliacs (11 smokers, 26 nonsmokers, 5 patients with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp]. lung 99mtc dtpa transfer as a marker of lung epithelial permeability was measured as the half time of transfer (from airspace into blood). this half time was faster in smokers compared to nonsmokers and the transfer curve was monoexponential. in nonsmokers no difference was observed between asymptomatic hiv-positive haemophiliacs and norma ... | 1990 | 2344887 |
| does inhalation of pentamidine in the supine position increase deposition in the upper part of the lung? | to assess the effect of posture on the distribution of nebulized pentamidine isethionate deposition in the lung, ten patients with aids were studied. two nebulizer systems, system 22 mizer (medicaid) and respirgard ii (marquest) were modified by adding 40 cm of corrugated tubing (volume 150 ml) to allow the patients to be studied in both the sitting and supine posture. modification of the nebulizers caused a reduction in lung deposition in the sitting position for the system 22 mizer but increas ... | 1990 | 2347219 |
| mechanical ventilation for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in aids. | 1990 | 2347243 | |
| compliance and laboratory data predict relapse rate of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia during prophylaxis with aerosol pentamidine. | we evaluated 43 aids patients on prophylaxis with aerosol pentamidine (60 mg biweekly) after pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp). the effects of patients' inhalation compliance and of laboratory data during the initial pcp on subsequent pcp relapses were assessed. after a median of 8 months (range, 2-21.5 months) on pentamidine prophylaxis, 13 patients suffered a pcp relapse. six of them had missed at least one inhalation within the last month before the relapse. two of these six relapses were ... | 1990 | 2348643 |
| hiv infected hospital patients in new york state. the development of longitudinal information from a hospital discharge data system. | abstracted records of all patients discharged from new york state acute care hospitals from january 1, 1983, through october 1, 1987, containing a diagnosis of hiv infection (n = 36,664) were linked into a longitudinal file of 20,005 patient-specific case histories. a validation study utilizing medicaid patient-specific discharge information for calendar year 1985 showed that, on the average, each case history of the longitudinal file contained 85% (+/- 5%) of the expected discharges. the number ... | 1990 | 2348943 |
| [a case from practice (173). aids iv c-1 with isospora belli enteritis. status following pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. bactrim allergy]. | 1990 | 2349414 | |
| [lung infection in hiv disease]. | pulmonary infections are the most important life-threatening complications in hiv disease. pneumocystis carinii pneumonia being most frequent often presents with atypical radiologic features. infections by mycobacteria and pyogenic bacteria are of growing importance. due to the nonspecific clinical and radiological presentation and the numerous coinfections an appropriate workup with emphasis on bronchioalveolar lavage and blood cultures is essential. | 1990 | 2349425 |
| spontaneous pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in immunodeficient mutant scid mice. natural history and pathobiology. | the opportunistic pathogen pneumocystis carinii (pc) poses a major clinical health problem in individuals with immune deficiency, including those patients with human immunodeficiency (hiv)-associated acquired immune deficiency disease (aids). heretofore, in vivo investigations of the biology of pc and pathogenesis of pneumocystosis have generally employed steroid-induced immune suppression with antibiotic prophylaxis and protein deprivation. this approach has many drawbacks, chief among them bei ... | 1990 | 2349968 |
| opportunistic infections and malignancies in 231 danish aids patients. | we analysed cumulative disease frequencies in the first 231 adult danish aids patients with life tables. there was a certain hierarchical pattern in the occurrence of complicating diseases. herpes zoster, kaposi's sarcoma and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia were early manifestations, whereas diseases caused by cytomegalovirus and atypical mycobacteria tended to occur later in the course of aids. compared with all other aids patients, homosexual men were more likely to develop kaposi's sarcoma, cy ... | 1990 | 2350442 |
| effect of the revised aids case definition on aids reporting in san francisco: evidence of increased reporting in intravenous drug users. | to examine the effect of the revision of the us national aids case definition in september 1987, we compared demographic and clinical information for aids patients diagnosed and reported to the san francisco department of public health between 1 september 1987 and 31 october 1989. of the 3167 patients diagnosed and reported during the study period, 584 (18%) met the revised case definition only, increasing aids case reporting in san francisco by 23%. one hundred and thirty-four of these 584 pati ... | 1990 | 2350453 |
| pneumocystis carinii infection in corticosteroid-treated cats. | corticosteroids were administered to produce pneumocystis carinii infection in cats. six of 10 cats, injected intramuscularly for 97-141 days with 2 mg/cat twice weekly of betamethasone sodium phosphate, developed a light infection with p. carinii. six of 7 cats, injected intramuscularly for 11-168 days with 10-25 mg/cat weekly of prednisolone acetate, also developed a light infection with p. carinii. there was no significant difference in the infection rate between the sexes and ages of the cat ... | 1990 | 2352076 |
| [cavitary pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in aids: a new semiologic aspect. apropos of 3 cases]. | three cases of aids patients hospitalized for pneumocystis carinii (pnc.c) pneumonia are reported. these cases are of interest because of the unusual radiological semiology of these pneumocytoses, i.e., their partially or totally pitted nodules. in addition, 4 related facts merit attention: the occurrence of pneumocytosis in 1 patient under prophylactic aerosol pentamidine therapy: the rarity, unusual in aids, of pnc.c in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from 2 patients; the association of pitte ... | 1990 | 2353758 |
| [value of the ldh level in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus]. | ldh levels were measured in 30 aids patients with p. carinii pneumonia (pcp), evidenced by bronchoalveolar lavage, and 12 hiv 1-infected patients with p. carinii-negative bronchial or pulmonary manifestations, constituting the control group. extrapulmonary causes of elevated ldh levels were eliminated. in the case of bronchopneumopathy, the sensitivity and the specificity of an abnormal ldh level for suggesting pcp were both 83%. for an interstitial pneumopathy, the sensitivity was the same but ... | 1990 | 2353759 |
| [recurrence of atypical pulmonary pneumocystosis treated with pentamidine aerosol]. | two cases are reported of atypical relapses of pneumocystosis in aids patients treated with aerosol pentamidine for 14 and 22 months. these pneumopathies are unusual because of their pitted aspect and recurrent spontaneous pneumothoraxes in spite of repeated drainage. they are difficult to diagnose because bronchoalveolar lavage fluid is negative for pneumocystis carinii, despite their presence in lung biopsies. histological lesions vary, being granulomatous, necrotizing and invasive, with invol ... | 1990 | 2353760 |
| characterization of dihydrofolate reductase of pneumocystis carinii and toxoplasma gondii. | pneumocystis carinii and toxoplasma gondii are opportunistic pathogens of immunosuppressed patients that are susceptible to therapy with inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr). the dhfr of these two organisms was characterized to facilitate the identification of more selective inhibitors. similar to all reported protozoa, t. gondii has a bifunctional enzyme, of 120,000 da, that possesses both dhfr and thymidylate synthase (ts) activity. unexpectedly, p. carinii dhfr activity was present on ... | 1990 | 2354716 |
| impact of the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic on mortality in women of reproductive age, united states. | to assess the effect of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) on mortality in us women 15 to 44 years of age and to identify associated causes of death, we examined final (1980 through 1987) and provisional (1988) national mortality statistics. between 1985 and 1988, the death rate for hiv/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) quadrupled (0.6 per 100,000 to 2.5 per 100,000), and by 1987, hiv/aids had become one of the 10 leading causes of death. in 1988, the death rate for black women (10.3 ... | 1990 | 2355444 |
| [changes in the clinical symptomatology of initial manifestations of aids]. | we analysed the clinical spectrum of aids manifestations of hiv positive patients treated between 1985 and 1988 at the university hospital of düsseldorf, west-germany. in 1985 32 patients with hiv infection (16 asymptomatic, eleven pgl/arc, five aids), 1986 49 patients (17 asymptomatic, 19 pgl/arc, 13 aids), 1987 104 patients (13 asymptomatic, 54 pgl/arc, 37 aids) and 1988 206 patients (23 asymptomatic, 111 pgl/arc, 72 aids) were treated on a in- and out-patient basis. in 1985 five, in 1986 13, ... | 1990 | 2355896 |
| analysis of induced sputum in the diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | sixty-two patients with possible aids-associated pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) were studied to determine the diagnostic usefulness of sputum analysis and whether or not the results of sputum analysis are related to severity of disease. induced sputum was stained with gomori methenamine silver and modified wright giemsa stains. indicators of disease severity were: extent of chest roentgenographic infiltrate, serum lactic dehydrogenase activity, alveolar-arterial oxygen tension difference, ... | 1990 | 2356852 |
| alveolar macrophages in aids patients: increased spontaneous tumour necrosis factor-alpha production in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | in order to assess the role of alveolar macrophages and their products in the control of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) and other infections in aids, bronchoalveolar lavage cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from hiv-positive aids/arc patients (with and without pcp) and hiv-negative patients were counted and cultured in vitro; spontaneous and lps-induced tumour necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) production was measured. markedly increased spontaneous tnf-alpha production by alveol ... | 1990 | 2357841 |
| experience with home aerosolized pentamidine treatment in patients with aids. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp is the most frequent opportunistic infection in patients with aids and is the most common cause of death in these patients. conventional parenteral trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole or parenteral pentamidine treatment is often not completed because of frequent incidence of adverse reactions. aerosolized pentamidine appears to be better tolerated and is considered an alternative treatment for pcp in both hospital and community settings. this report describes our ex ... | 1990 | 2360337 |
| complications of corticosteroid therapy in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | we retrospectively studied the acute toxicity of corticosteroid therapy in 23 episodes of pcp occurring in the setting of aids and determined the incidence of hiv-related complications following these and 16 other contemporaneous episodes of aids-related pcp treated with antimicrobials alone. the mean duration of corticosteroid therapy was 5.4 days and the mean total dose was 660 mg of methylprednisolone. cryptococcus neoformans and listeria monocytogenes infection each occurred once within one ... | 1990 | 2361410 |
| [hiv-associated infections: indications and importance of fiberoptic bronchoscopy]. | in 32 patients infected with hiv with unclear fever and/or pulmonary infiltraes, a fiberbronchoscopy (fb), with transbronchial lung biopsies (tbb) and bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) was carried out. thirteen of these patients had pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp), three patients tuberculosis of the lungs, two patients pneumococcal pneumonia, and one patient each had a staphylococcal pneumonia, an enterobacter cloacae pneumonia, and an unspecific alveolitis. thus, 66% of the patients proved diag ... | 1990 | 2367404 |
| [intensive care problems in aids patients]. | the discussion regarding the need for intensive-care treatment of aids patients should be conducted in a highly differentiated manner and should depend on the prognosis of the underlying or basic disease, on the immunological situation, on the mental condition and on the consent of the individual patient. during the past two years the treatment results have improved markedly by the use of steroids, especially in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | 1990 | 2367423 |
| the relation between resource use and in-hospital mortality for patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | a central issue in health policy with regard to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) is whether quality of care and patient outcomes are affected by resource constraints. in an earlier study of 15 california hospitals between october 1986 and october 1987, we observed a markedly lower in-hospital mortality rate for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the group of patients treated in hospitals that had a high level of experience with aids relative to the group treated in hospitals with low ... | 1990 | 2369243 |
| a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia who developed bilateral pneumothoraces. | 1990 | 2371445 | |
| aerosolised pentamidine (ap) prophylaxis for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) using a low cost jet nebulising system. | 1990 | 2371552 | |
| infection of the heart by the human immunodeficiency virus. | heart muscle disease in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids), characterized by electrocardiographic changes or congestive cardiomyopathy, is a documented clinical problem, but its pathogenesis is obscure. in aids the heart is known to be involved by a variety of opportunistic infections as well as kaposi's sarcoma, but no causative relation with the development of cardiomyopathy has been established. this study reports evidence for direct infection of the heart in aids, not by an oppor ... | 1990 | 2371952 |
| multiple pneumatocoeles and bilateral tension pneumothoraces complicating pneumocystis pneumonia in aids. | pneumatocoele and pneumothorax are uncommon complications of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. we report a patient with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome who developed multiple bilateral pneumatocoeles which we demonstrate to have ruptured leading to the subsequent bilateral tension pneumothoraces and to death. the computerised tomographic appearances, and histopathology of these unusual complications are presented. the literature on these manifestations is reviewed and management discussed. | 1990 | 2372278 |
| [pentamidine inhalation for therapy and prophylaxis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. results of the working discussion of the section for antiparasite chemotherapy of the paul ehrlich society]. | 1990 | 2374525 | |
| [autoradiography study of organ distribution of 14c pentamidine following intravenous and inhalational administration in rats]. | the organ distribution of 14c pentamidine was studied in sprague dawley rats by means of whole-body autoradiography following intravenous application and inhalation of aerosolized pentamidine. the distribution time after intravenous administration of 5 mg pentamidine per kg rat was 30 minutes, six hours, 24 hours, and seven days respectively. the corresponding times after administration of aerosolized pentamidine were 30 minutes and 24 hours. by measuring radioactivity in punch specimens of 100 ... | 1990 | 2374526 |
| [comparison of the effect of 2 therapy concepts in the treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. cotrimoxazole for 21 days versus sequential therapy with cotrimoxazole followed by pentamidine inhalation]. | standard therapy of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with cotrimoxazole and intravenous pentamidine second line therapy both have a response rate of 75 to 90%. as severe side effects, myelotoxicity and skin reaction have been observed which may occur from treatment day 7 on. in order to prevent such side effects as well as reduce hospitalization times, an open, randomized pilot study was designed. object of this study was the comparison of efficacy and safety of two different treatment schemes: st ... | 1990 | 2374529 |
| [prospective study of primary and secondary prevention of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with pentamidine aerosol]. | in an open prospective study in the aids outpatient department of the frankfurt university clinic the efficacy of pentamidine aerosol at a dosage of 200 mg every 14 days in the primary and secondary prophylaxis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was tested. the incidence of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was reduced by more than 75% in the group of patients receiving pentamidine additionally by inhalation as compared with a historical cohort given azidothymidine alone. the results of the study su ... | 1990 | 2374530 |
| [initial experiences with pentamidine aerosol in prevention of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia following bone marrow transplantation]. | after bone marrow transplantation there is a risk of 10% to acquire a pneumonia caused by pneumocystis carinii, if no prophylaxis is used. so far cotrimoxazol is the treatment of choice from day -14 before to day +180 after bone marrow transplantation. this substance, however, may cause allergic reactions, may augment the risk of nephrotoxicity of other drugs, and may be myelosuppressive. the prophylaxis with pentamidine-inhalation was used in 26 patients after bone marrow transplantation so far ... | 1990 | 2374531 |
| a case of pneumocystis carinii in pleural fluid with cytologic, histologic and ultrastructural documentation. | pneumocystis carinii involvement of the pleural cavity in a patient with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome was documented by cytologic as well as scanning and transmission electron microscopic study of pleural fluids. histologic examination of the pleura and the subpleural lung revealed vasculitis and infarctlike necrosis as well as p carinii in the tissue. although a few cases of extrapulmonary p carinii infection have been reported, this appears to be the first time its presence in pleur ... | 1990 | 2375218 |
| progressive resistance exercise: effect on muscle function and anthropometry of a select aids population. | substantial body tissue wasting has been reported in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) patients. the purpose of this investigation was to determine if progressive resistance exercise (pre) would improve muscle function and increase body dimensions and mass in aids patients. the subjects were 24 male outpatient volunteers, status posttherapy for acute pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. subjects were randomly assigned to control (n = 12) or experimental (n = 12) subsets. all subjects underwe ... | 1990 | 2375667 |
| [pneumonia: special course in aids. pneumocystis carinii pneumonia--inhalation therapy]. | 1990 | 2376388 | |
| [clinicopathological study of miliary tuberculosis in patients with hematologic disease]. | seven cases of miliary tuberculosis in patients with hematologic disease were analyzed clinicopathologically. mean age of the patients was 65 years, and the hematologic diseases were cml, aml, all, mds and malignant lymphoma. diabetes mellitus was present as a complication in three patients. miliary tuberculosis was found in 5 cases during the first admission to our hospital owing to hematologic problems. in 4 of 6 cases, fever had started more than two months before admission, consequently, the ... | 1990 | 2376932 |
| [the value of fiberoptic bronchoscopy in diagnosis of hiv associated infections]. | 32 patients with hiv infection presenting with fever or abnormal chest radiograph or both were investigated at the university hospital of mainz (frg). fiberoptic bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage and transbronchial biopsy was undertaken in each patient, additionally other methods were used for isolating pathogens (i.e. urine sample, stool and blood culture etc.). in 26 patients one or more complicating diseases were documented, in six persons no reason for fever or pulmonary symptoms coul ... | 1990 | 2377146 |
| [herpes simplex infections in patients with aids]. | herpes type infections in aids patients tend to be more severe, generalized and have a torpid evolution. we present here two cases of intravenous drug addicts with a clinical picture of ulcerative lesions with a scar in the perioral and ungual regions with an evolution of several months an which were diagnosed of herpes simplex by a histopathological study. they were treated with intravenous acyclovir achieving a complete remission; one patient developed a pneumocystis carinii pneumonia a month ... | 1990 | 2377775 |
| pneumocystis carinii choroiditis after long-term aerosolized pentamidine therapy. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. when p. carinii is disseminated, the choroid may be involved and the infection is often fatal. we examined, treated, and followed up two patients who developed choroidal lesions typical of p. carinii while taking aerosolized pentamidine for prophylaxis. the choroidal lesions gradually resolved after three weeks of therapy with intravenous trimethoprim and sulfametho ... | 1990 | 2378374 |
| growth and metabolism of pneumocystis carinii in axenic culture. | recent analyses of rrna have suggested a taxonomic relationship of pneumocystis carinii with fungi. we investigated various liquid and solid media without feeder cells for the ability to support growth of p. carinii. organisms were obtained from the lungs of immunosuppressed rats and separated from host cells by treatment with hypotonic solutions and a series of microfiltrations. the growth of p. carinii was quantitated by staining nuclei with diff-quik. optimal replication was observed in media ... | 1990 | 2380365 |
| semiquantitative technique for estimating pneumocystis carinii burden in the lung. | we developed a technique to estimate the amount of pneumocystis carinii found in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. p. carinii associated with 500 nucleated cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid had little between-observer and within-observer variation. varying the technique of the lavage did not change the amount of p. carinii recovered. this technique was used in patients treated for p. carinii pneumonia. those patients who did not respond to treatment had more p. carinii in their bronchoalveol ... | 1990 | 2380366 |
| plasma fibronectin concentrations in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. | plasma fibronectin (pfn) concentrations were assessed in 21 patients with aids, in seven with aids-related complex (arc), in 17 asymptomatic seropositive patients, and in 36 age and sex matched healthy control subjects. a single radial immunodiffusion technique was used to determine pfn concentration. a significant decrease in pfn concentrations was observed in patients with arc and aids (especially in those patients with pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis). on the other hand, normal pfn concentra ... | 1990 | 2380404 |
| application of immunoblotting to detect soluble pneumocystis carinii antigen(s) in bronchoalveolar lavage of patients with pneumocystis pneumonia and aids. | the technique of immunoblotting for detecting soluble pneumocystis carinii antigen(s) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid specimens from patients with aids and pneumocystis pneumonia was evaluated. a soluble 67 kilodalton polypeptide that was immunoreactive with an anti-p carinii monoclonal antibody (2g2) was found in the supernatants of 26 lavage samples from patients with pneumocystosis. intact organisms in lavage sediments were detected by methenamine silver or immunofluorescence staining procedu ... | 1990 | 2380406 |
| acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and pneumocystis carinii infection in a pregnant woman. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infections are being seen with greater regularity by the obstetrician-gynecologist. acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids), the extreme of the spectrum of hiv infections, is associated with pneumocystis carinii infection in more than half of newly diagnosed cases. four cases of aids and p carinii pneumonia complicating pregnancy have been reported in the literature, and all have caused maternal death. we report a case in which the mother survived. treatment ... | 1990 | 2381630 |
| severe community-acquired pneumonia. etiology, prognosis, and treatment. | the frequency of community-acquired pneumonia coupled with its mortality rate of 10 to 25% is of growing concern to clinicians. a prospective study of 67 patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia was carried out to determine the causative agents, the impact fore-knowledge of the etiology has on the outcome, the value of clinical and radiologic criteria in predicting the evolution, and the efficacy of empirical therapy. the study group included 45 men and 22 women (mean age: 56.8 +/- 16.6 ... | 1990 | 2382902 |
| gas chromatographic determination of trimethoprim in plasma during high-dose trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treatment for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | 1990 | 2384559 | |
| anticardiolipin antibodies and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with aids. | 1990 | 2384678 | |
| impact of aids on mortality in san francisco, 1979-1986. | we used death certificate data for san francisco residents from 1979 to 1986 to calculate the number of deaths and years of potential life lost before age 65 (ypll) for leading causes of death. acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids)-related deaths were defined as including cytomegalovirus infection (icd-9 078.5); cryptococcal infection (icd-9 117.5); pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (icd-9 136.3); other malignant neoplasms of the skin, site unspecified (icd-9 173.9); deficiency of cell-mediate ... | 1990 | 2384868 |
| molecular probes for the detection of pneumocystis carinii. | 1990 | 2385864 | |
| anti-cardiolipin antibodies and hiv infection. | anti-cardiolipin antibodies of igg class were found in 48% of intravenous drug users, 38% of homosexuals and 14% of heterosexuals (with no other risk factor) infected with hiv. anti-cardiolipin antibodies were not increased in hiv-negative heterosexual partners of hiv-infected patients, but mildly elevated levels were detected in hiv-negative drug users, relative to healthy controls unselected for hiv status. among hiv infected drug users, anti-cardiolipin antibodies were not associated with thr ... | 1990 | 2387093 |
| scintigraphic pattern of pneumothorax complicating pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with aids. | spontaneous pneumothorax is a serious though infrequently reported pulmonary complication of aids. an unsuspected lung collapse was discovered via gallium scintigraphy for the study of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. neither the pneumonia nor the pneumothorax were apparent on the most recent chest roentgenogram. in evaluating gallium images during the work-up of aids patients with associated pulmonary pathology, the possible complication of lung collapse should be considered. if pneumothorax is ... | 1990 | 2390822 |
| the emerging aids epidemic in ireland--clinicopathological findings in 23 early cases. | a longitudinal study with follow up to the end of 1989 was carried out on 23 patients with aids who had attended st. james's hospital, dublin, by the end of 1987. until then only 33 cases of aids had been reported in ireland. the patients, all of whom had antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), were predominantly male, young (mean age 31.3 years) and belonged about equally to three major risk groups: homosexuals, intravenous drug abusers (ivda) and haemophiliacs. aids was diagnosed bec ... | 1990 | 2391209 |
| oral therapy for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. a controlled trial of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole versus trimethoprim-dapsone. | antimicrobial drugs that can be taken orally are needed for the treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). preliminary data indicate that dapsone with trimethoprim may be an effective alternative to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, which is frequently toxic. | 1990 | 2392131 |
| novel pentamidine analogs in the treatment of experimental pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | we have recently demonstrated that substitution of imidazoline moieties for the amidine groups of pentamidine produces a molecule that is effective against rat pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and that is apparently less toxic than pentamidine. for this reason, 10 novel imidazoline substituted compounds were evaluated for their effect against rat p. carinii pneumonia. while several of the new compounds were observed to have advantages over pentamidine in the treatment of disease in the rat model, ... | 1990 | 2393262 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. the steroid dilemma. | 1990 | 2393313 | |
| kaposi's sarcoma in three hiv-1-infected cohorts. | we describe the kaposi's sarcoma (ks) experience in three cohorts of homosexual men, subjects with hemophilia, and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) seroconverters. the risk of ks was higher in hiv-1-infected homosexual men from new york city as compared with washington, d.c. and was very low in the hemophilia subjects. while ks accounted for a decreasing proportion of aids cases in homosexual men, the absolute risk per year did not diminish. survival was similar after diagnosis of ks ... | 1990 | 2395084 |
| separation of pneumocystis carinii from the lung of the steroid-suppressed rat. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was induced in rats by chronic corticosteroid immunosuppression. the parasite was separated from virtually all contaminating host cells using the technique of unit gravity sedimentation. cellular contamination was routinely below 0.02%. the same technique allowed partial separation of the cyst from the trophozoite stage. | 1990 | 2397880 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: ct and hrct observations. | we examined the chest radiography, ct, and high resolution ct (hrct) of 14 patients with proven pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. we compared the radiographic and hrct patterns of abnormal lung parenchyma with histologic sections obtained in those 11 patients who had had transbronchial lung biopsies. diffuse bilateral perihilar airspace disease was the most common radiographic pattern. both ct and hrct showed "ground glass" opacity in the lungs, through which the vessels remained visible in all pa ... | 1990 | 2398155 |
| hyponatremia in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. | we performed prospective and retrospective studies of 96 consecutive patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) or aids-related complex (arc) to determine the incidence, pathogenesis, and clinical significance of hyponatremia, defined as serum sodium levels less than or equal to 130 mmol/l on more than one occasion. thirty (31.3%), six with arc and 24 with aids, had hyponatremia, and it developed in 20 as outpatients. age, gender, duration of illness, and weight loss did not differ ... | 1990 | 2398458 |
| treatment of pneumocystis carinii choroidopathy. | 1990 | 2400340 | |
| long-term secondary prophylaxis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia by inhaled pentamidine in aids. | 1990 | 2401788 | |
| [morphological changes in pneumocystis carinii in the alveolar space due to treatment with co-trimoxazole--comparison of clinical cases and experimental rats]. | in this study, transmission electron microscopy was employed to observe the morphological changes in pneumocystis carinii (p. carinii) in the alveolar space of patients and experimental rats treated with co-trimoxazole. experimentally, p. carinii pneumonia was induced in wistar rats by peritoneal injection of prednisolone and then treated with co-trimoxazole. the animals were divided into an untreated group and groups treated with co-trimoxazole for 3-9 days. in the untreated group, various form ... | 1990 | 2401809 |
| the diagnosis of pneumonia in the immunocompromised child: use of bronchoalveolar lavage. | between january 1987 and december 1988, 26 immunocompromised children (aged 15 months to 17 years) underwent bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) for evaluation of pneumonia (chemotherapy for malignancy, 12; orthotopic liver transplantation, 9; other hematologic disease, 5). bilateral diffuse pulmonary disease was present in 25 children. all were receiving broad spectrum antibiotics. in addition, five were receiving antiviral therapy and two were receiving antifungal therapy. sixteen patients underwent ... | 1990 | 2401943 |
| outcome after assisted ventilation in children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | twenty-two pediatric patients with aids required assisted ventilation during 27 pediatric icu (picu) admissions. patients were retrospectively divided on the basis of whether they required assisted ventilation for acute respiratory failure (arf) or for another reason. sixteen (59%) courses of assisted ventilation were for arf. the picu mortality rate was 81% for the arf group. eleven (41%) courses of assisted ventilation were for reasons not involving arf. the picu mortality rate for the group w ... | 1990 | 2403505 |
| continuous positive airway pressure by face mask in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | we used continuous positive airway pressure (cpap) by face mask to treat 18 aids patients with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) who were in hypoxic respiratory failure. candidates for mask cpap were conscious, not hypercarbic, and able to protect their airway on icu admission. treatment was effective and well tolerated. mean po2 rose from 62 to 158 torr, respiratory rate decreased from 51 to 32 breath/min, and pco2 was unchanged. mean duration of treatment was 4.5 days. only one patient deve ... | 1990 | 2403506 |
| kaposi's sarcoma in transfusion-associated acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. a case report and review of the literature. | kaposi's sarcoma in transfusion-associated acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is rare; to our knowledge, only four previous cases have been reported. we report a unique case of transfusion-associated acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in a 74-year-old woman. at autopsy, both lungs were extensively affected by kaposi's sarcoma, pneumocystis carinii, and cytomegalovirus infection. these three processes led to respiratory failure and accounted for her death. | 1990 | 2403779 |
| reduced concentrations of igg antibodies to pneumocystis carinii in hiv-infected patients during active pneumocystis carinii infection and the possibility of passive immunisation. | the relationship between pneumocystis carinii antibody concentrations and acute pneumocystis infection was investigated by testing sequential samples of serum from hiv antibody-positive patients with respiratory symptoms and hiv-negative immunocompromised patients by means of an indirect immunofluorescence assay for specific igg antibodies to p. carinii. loss of circulating antibody at the time of active pneumocystis infection was observed in five patients with proven infection. three others sho ... | 1990 | 2405059 |
| the evolving challenge of pneumocystis carinii. a deadly opportunist in aids. | considerable progress has been made in the identification and treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia related to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). prophylaxis, either primary or secondary, represents a major advance and should be used appropriately by physicians caring for patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. yet with success come new challenges. centers for treatment of aids that aggressively use prophylaxis have seen a shift toward severe illness due to other patho ... | 1990 | 2405375 |
| clinical utility of liver biopsy in patients with serum antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus. | patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) frequently have liver dysfunction, which may be due to a number of causes. determination of the patients who are likely to benefit from liver biopsy, an invasive procedure, is therefore important. in this study, the results of liver biopsy in patients with aids were compared to those in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients without aids. | 1990 | 2405658 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. | pneumocystis carinii has taken on new importance with the emergence of the human immunodeficiency virus. it is the most common life-threatening opportunistic infection in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and eventually develops in 80% or more of those not receiving primary prophylaxis. this review focuses on the clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and prophylaxis of p carinii pneumonia in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. | 1990 | 2405800 |
| problems in the detection of pneumocystis carinii by indirect immunofluorescence. | 1990 | 2406144 | |
| management of patients with asymptomatic hiv infection. | there has been extensive progress in the management of hiv infection. this especially applies to patients in the early asymptomatic stages of disease. management guidelines include counseling of all seropositive patients, medical evaluation, psychological support, and medical intervention. for the asymptomatic patient, important strategies currently recommended include a cd-4 cell count at six month intervals with the use of azt for those patients with counts of less than 500/mm3 and the use of ... | 1990 | 2406530 |
| role of the microbiology laboratory in the diagnosis of opportunistic infections in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus. | patients with defects in the immune system caused by infection with human immunodeficiency virus are predisposed to a variety of opportunistic infections, many of which can be diagnosed by conventional or special microbiological procedures. this article reviews the laboratory diagnosis of bloodstream, lower respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, and central nervous system infections in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus. laboratories serving health care facilities in which a ... | 1990 | 2407217 |
| the global aids situation -- updated, june 1990. | the global aids and hiv situation, in terms of prevalence, by region and sex, means of transmission, progress in treatment, and the tasks undertaken by the who global programme on aids are summarized as of june 1990. over 250,000 cases of aids had been reported to who from over 150 countries by mid-1990. because of under-reporting who estimates that actually 700,000 cases of aids exist. who predicts 1 million cases by 2000. 6-8 million persons with hiv are estimated, and 15-20 million are pr ... | 1990 | 12283394 |
| update: exposure to aerosol pentamidine. | pentamidine, a drug administered in aerosol form to aids patients suffering from pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp), has come under heavy fire from hospital unions and others of late. pentamidine presents a twofold occupational risk: first, there is exposure to the drug itself, which, according to many healthcare workers, is a respiratory irritant with potential long-term consequences; second, there appears to be some evidence that working in pentamidine therapy areas increases the potential o ... | 1990 | 10128646 |
| inhaled pentamidine therapy for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | 1990 | 18750758 | |
| pneumocystis carinii choroiditis in patients receiving inhaled pentamidine. | 1990 | 2314433 | |
| congenital acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia in down's syndrome. | the case of a newborn with down's syndrome and congenital leukaemia is reported. the malignant white blood cells displayed the cd41 antigen (glycoprotein ilb/iiia) identified by monoclonal antibodies hp1-ld and fmc24 and the cd9/p24 antigen identified by monoclonal antibody fmc27. the number of cells in s-phase was 14%, as assessed by the incorporation of 5-bromo 2-deoxyuridine. no other chromosomal abnormalities were identified in addition to 47 xy + 21. the patient died 15 days after the diagn ... | 1990 | 27456581 |
| raymond pearl memorial lecture, 1989: cultural practices as determinants of clinical pathology and epidemiology of venereal infections: implications for predictions about the aids epidemic. | sexually transmitted diseases newly introduced into diverse primitive and isolated populations have behaved differently in clinical severity and seriousness of the epidemics they have caused, because of culturally different sexual practices. epidemic interstitial plasma cell pneumonia in the 1930s-1950s in eastern and northern europe, caused by pneumocystis carinii and accompanied by cytomegalovirus infection, was an unexpected aids-like epidemic which spread slowly, then quickly and inexplicabl ... | 1990 | 28520226 |
| pharmacokinetics of intravenous pentamidine in patients with normal renal function or receiving hemodialysis. | the pharmacokinetics of intravenous pentamidine were studied in 10 patients with normal renal function (group 1), 9 volunteer subjects without pneumocystis carinii pneumonia who were receiving maintenance hemodialysis (group 2), and 5 patients with normal or mildly abnormal renal function (group 3) after the last dose of therapy. the concentration-time data were best represented by a three-compartment model. the peak plasma concentration, plasma clearance, and elimination half-life ranged from 2 ... | 1991 | 1984463 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. rare cause of hemoptysis. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is a frequent manifestation of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). it commonly presents with nonproductive cough, fever, and dyspnea. we report this case of p carinii pneumonia presenting with hemoptysis, since to the best of our knowledge, hemoptysis has not been reported to be a presenting manifestation of p carinii pneumonia. autopsy revealed multiple lung cavities. | 1991 | 1984969 |
| purification and characterization of a major human pneumocystis carinii surface antigen. | previous studies of pneumocystis carinii have identified the major surface antigen of rat and human isolates as proteins of 116,000 and 95,000 mol wt, respectively, that are antigenically not identical. in this study both rat and human p. carinii proteins were purified by solubilization with zymolyase followed by molecular sieve and ion exchange chromatography. the native proteins had an apparent mol wt of 290,000 or greater, based on molecular sieve studies as well as cross-linking studies. bot ... | 1991 | 1985093 |
| a cluster of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in adults without predisposing illnesses. | 1991 | 1985246 | |
| pneumocystis carinii--new clinical spectrum? | 1991 | 1985248 | |
| pneumocystis carinii choroiditis after long-term aerosolized pentamidine therapy. | 1991 | 1985481 | |
| risk stratification of ambulatory patients suspected of pneumocystis pneumonia. | to determine whether aspects of clinical history, physical examination, and laboratory studies improve the diagnostic accuracy of the chest roentgenogram in the diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp), we followed up 302 consecutive patients with respiratory symptoms and risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus. of the 279 patients (92%) with follow-up information available, 31 (11%) were diagnosed with pcp. only 68% of patients with pcp had typical chest roentgenograms. regressio ... | 1991 | 1985585 |
| practical utility of lactate dehydrogenase in the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus-related pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | 1991 | 1985599 |