Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| chromosome healing by addition of telomeric repeats in wheat occurs during the first mitotic divisions of the sporophyte and is a gradual process. | alien gametocidal chromosomes cause extensive chromosome breakage prior to s-phase in the first mitotic division of gametophytes lacking the alien chromosome. the broken chromosomes may be healed either by addition of telomeric repeats in the gametophyte or undergo fusions to form dicentric or translocation chromosomes. we show that dicentric chromosomes undergo breakage fusion-bridge (bfb) cycles in the first few mitotic divisions of the sporophyte, are partially healed before the germ line dif ... | 2001 | 11321369 |
| induction of vacuolar atpase and mitochondrial atp synthase by aluminum in an aluminum-resistant cultivar of wheat. | two 51-kd aluminum (al)-induced proteins (rmp51, root membrane proteins of 51 kd) were recently discovered in an aluminum-resistant cultivar of wheat (triticum aestivum) cv pt741 (basu et al., 1994a). these proteins segregate with the aluminum resistance phenotype in a segregating population arising from a cross between al-resistant cv pt741 and al-sensitive cv katepwa (taylor et al., 1997). the proteins have been purified by continuous elution electrophoresis and analyzed by peptide microsequen ... | 2001 | 11299386 |
| pea legumin overexpressed in wheat endosperm assembles into an ordered paracrystalline matrix. | legumin, a major component of pea seed storage vacuoles, is synthesized by a number of paralogous genes. the polypeptides are cleaved posttranslationally and can form mixed hexamers. this heterogeneity hampers structural studies, based on the production of hexamer crystals in vitro. to study a single type of homogenous legumin we produced pea legumin a in transgenic wheat (triticum aestivum) endosperm where prolamins are predominant and only small amounts of globulins accumulate in separate incl ... | 2001 | 11299354 |
| targeted development of informative microsatellite (ssr) markers. | we describe a novel approach, selectively amplified microsatellite (sam) analysis, for the targeted development of informative simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers. a modified selectively amplified microsatellite polymorphic loci assay is used to generate multi-locus ssr fingerprints that provide a source of polymorphic dna markers (sams) for use in genetic studies. these polymorphisms capture the repeat length variation associated with ssrs and allow their chromosomal location to be determined ... | 2001 | 11292858 |
| sequence-tagged microsatellite profiling (stmp): a rapid technique for developing ssr markers. | we describe a technique, sequence-tagged microsatellite profiling (stmp), to rapidly generate large numbers of simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers from genomic or cdna. this technique eliminates the need for library screening to identify ssr-containing clones and provides an approximately 25-fold increase in sequencing throughput compared to traditional methods. stmp generates short but characteristic nucleotide sequence tags for fragments that are present within a pool of ssr amplicons. these ... | 2001 | 11292857 |
| [prospective research on the duality between morphological traits and plant competitive capacity: the case of weed species and wheat]. | competitive abilities of plants were interpreted by measuring their morphological traits in interspecific competitive cultivation conditions. measurements were realised by a comparative approach with interspecific cultivation of fourteen arable weeds growing with a domestic species cultivated at a large scale: the winter wheat (triticum aestivum var darius). results show that arable weeds characterised by an important biomass and allocation of biomass to the stems are responsible for a decrease ... | 2001 | 11291313 |
| identification of barley and rye varieties using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry with neural networks. | cereal varieties are normally identified using time-consuming methods such as visual examination of either the intact grain or one-dimensional electrophoretic patterns of the grain storage proteins. a fast method for identification of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) varieties has previously been developed, which combines analysis of alcohol-soluble wheat proteins (gliadins) using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry with neural networks. here we have applied ... | 2001 | 11291123 |
| endosperm-specific activity of a storage protein gene promoter in transgenic wheat seed. | the characterization of the promoter of a wheat (triticum aestivum) cv. cheyenne high molecular weight glutenin subunit (hmw subunit) gene, glu-1d-1 is reported. the nucleotide sequence of the promoter from position -1191 to -650 with respect to the transcription start site was determined, to add to that already determined. analysis of this region of the promoter revealed the presence of an additional copy of part of the primary enhancer sequence and sequences related to regulatory elements pres ... | 2001 | 11283168 |
| molecular cytogenetic analysis of dna sequences with flanking telomeric repeats in triticum aestivum cv. begra. | a cloned genomic dna fragment (pta241) formerly derived from a dna fraction obtained from isolated nuclei of embryos of a polish cultivar of wheat (triticum aestivum cv. begra) comprises a tandem repeat of the telomeric array ccctaaa, and hybridizes in situ exclusively to the telomeres of all chromosome arms of the somatic chromosome complement of wheat. a second cloned fragment (pta637) derived from the same fraction is 637 bp long, flanked by 28 bp of the same telomeric repeat unit, and hybrid ... | 2001 | 11269348 |
| characterization of oxalate oxidase and cell death in al-sensitive and tolerant wheat roots. | several genes including oxalate oxidase (oxo) are up-regulated in triticum aestivum l. root tips exposed to al. to better understand the function of oxo during al exposure, the protein level and enzyme activity were measured. the data indicate that both oxo protein and activity are increased proportionally to the level of root growth inhibition (rgi). a high level of oxo expression may result in excess h(2)o(2) production which could become toxic and induce cell death. however, the timing of h(2 ... | 2001 | 11266584 |
| malate-permeable channels and cation channels activated by aluminum in the apical cells of wheat roots. | aluminum (al(3+))-dependent efflux of malate from root apices is a mechanism for al(3+) tolerance in wheat (triticum aestivum). the malate anions protect the sensitive root tips by chelating the toxic al(3+) cations in the rhizosphere to form non-toxic complexes. activation of malate-permeable channels in the plasma membrane could be critical in regulating this malate efflux. we examined this by investigating al(3+)-activated channels in protoplasts from root apices of near-isogenic wheat differ ... | 2001 | 11244125 |
| comparison of starch-branching enzyme genes reveals evolutionary relationships among isoforms. characterization of a gene for starch-branching enzyme iia from the wheat genome donor aegilops tauschii. | genes and cdnas for starch-branching enzyme ii (sbeii) have been isolated from libraries constructed from aegilops tauschii and wheat (triticum aestivum) endosperm, respectively. one class of genes has been termed wsbeii-da1 and encodes the n terminus reported for an sbeii from wheat endosperm. on the basis of phylogenetic comparisons with other branching enzyme sequences, wsbeii-da1 is considered to be a member of the sbeiia class. the wsbeii-da1 gene consists of 22 exons with exons 4 to 21 bei ... | 2001 | 11244112 |
| differential response of antioxidant enzymes in leaves of necrotic wheat hybrids and their parents. | the leaves of necrotic hybrid of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) exhibited high superoxide content associated with increased lipid peroxidation and membrane damage in earlier studies (khanna-chopra et al. 1998, biochem biophys res commun 248: 712-715; dalal and khanna-chopra 1999, biochem biophys res commun 262: 109-112). in the present study, we investigated the activities of the antioxidant enzymes in the leaves of necrotic wheat hybrids, kalyansonaxc306 (kxc) and wl711xc306 (wlxc) and their pare ... | 2001 | 11240913 |
| tracking individual wheat microspores in vitro: identification of embryogenic microspores and body axis formation in the embryo. | the development of isolated, defined wheat microspores undergoing in vitro embryogenesis has been followed by cell tracking. isolated wheat (triticum aestivum l.). microspores were immobilized in sea plaque agarose supported by a polypropylene mesh at a low cell density and cultured in a hormone-free, maltose-containing medium in the presence of ovaries serving as a conditioning factor. embryogenesis was followed in microspores isolated from immature anthers of freshly cut tillers or from heat- ... | 2001 | 11216836 |
| [distribution of alleles of the wms261 locus, marking the gene for the dwarf gene rht8, in common wheat cultivars in southern ukraine]. | the use of codominant microsatellite molecular markers allows one to study the inheritance and distribution of alleles linked to important agronomic characters. a microsatellite locus wms261 tightly linked to a dwarfing gene rht8 was analyzed in wheat cultivars and selection material of the institute of plant breeding and genetics. pcr screening of common wheat cultivars produced in the southern ukraine showed the prevalence of a 192-bp allele at locus wms261 that indicates adaptive significance ... | 2001 | 11642107 |
| cold acclimation can induce microtubular cold stability in a manner distinct from abscisic acid. | the response of cortical microtubules to low temperature was investigated for the chinese winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivar jing nong 934. microtubules in the cortex of the root elongation zone disassembled rapidly in response to a cold shock of -7 degrees c and reassembled upon rewarming to 25 degrees c. the microtubules acquired resistance against this cold shock in response to cold acclimation in chilling, but non-freezing, temperature or after a treatment with abscisic acid (aba). ... | 2001 | 11577195 |
| root growth and lignification of two wheat species differing in their sensitivity to nacl, in response to salt stress. | application of a 100-mm nacl salt stress to wheat seedlings of a salt-tolerant (triticum durum var. ben béchir) and a salt-sensitive (triticum aestivum var. tanit) species decreases the fresh and dry weights of roots especially in the salt-sensitive species, and slightly increases the ratio of dry to fresh weight, especially in the salt-resistant species. all peroxidase activities are increased by salt stress, the water-soluble peroxidase activity being increased much more in the salt-sensitive ... | 2001 | 11558333 |
| protein kinase and phosphatase activities are involved in fructan synthesis initiation mediated by sugars. | the induction of fructosylsucrose-synthesizing activity (fss) by sugars was tested using detached primary leaf blades of several wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars, immersed in different sugars solutions for 24 h in the dark. the highest induction was brought about by sucrose, while glucose, fructose and maltose also caused significant induction. 5-ketofructose, 3-methylglucose and 6-deoxyglucose, which cannot be metabolized by plants, produced no induction at all. the fact that mannose also ... | 2001 | 11556797 |
| [cloning and characterization of pathogenesis-related protein 1 from wheat-h. villosa translocation lines]. | a triticum aestivum-haynaldia villosa 6vs/6al translocation line contained powdery mildew resistance gene pm21 which is effective against all the current biotypes of erygsiphe gramins. cloning of the related genes for powdery mildew resistance is significance for understanding its resistance mechanism and disease resistance breeding. using rt-pcr and race technology, a wheat pathogenesis related protein 1 cdna clone (tapr-1) corresponding to a mrna differentially induced in resistant 6vs/6al tra ... | 2001 | 11554351 |
| the specific isolation of complete 5s rdna units from chromosome 1a of hexaploid, tetraploid, and diploid wheat species using pcr with head-to-head oriented primers. | the presence of 5s rdna units on chromosome 1a of triticum aestivum was shown by the development of a specific pcr test, using head-to-head oriented primers. this primer set allowed the amplification of complete 5s dna units and was used to isolate ss-rrna-a1 sequences from polyploid and diploid wheat species. multiple-alignment and parsimony analyses of the 132 sequences divided the sequences into four types. the isolates from t. aestivum and the tetraploid species (t. dicoccoides, t. dicoccum, ... | 2001 | 11550886 |
| large-scale selection of lines with deletions in chromosome 1 b in wheat and applications for fine deletion mapping. | terminal deletions of chromosome 1b in common wheat were selected on a large scale. the gametocidal gene of aegilops cylindrica was used as the inducer of chromosome breakage. first, genes for endosperm storage proteins located on both arms of chromosome 1b were used as the selection markers. however, it was found that the chromosome breakage occurred during female gametogenesis, causing genotypic inconsistency between the embryo and endosperm. thus, we isolated plants with terminal deletions in ... | 2001 | 11550882 |
| [effect of plastic film mulching on crop yield and nitrogen efficiency in semiarid areas]. | the effect of plastic film mulching, water storage in soil profile before sowing, and nitrogen fertilization on crop yield and nitrogen efficiency was examined in this paper. the study site was on the cultivated lossial soil in semiarid areas with 415 mm of annual rainfall and the test crop was spring wheat, triticum aestivum. in order to study the effect of plastic film mulching, 4 levels of mulching were designed, including mulching of 0, 30 and 60 days after sowing and mulching over the whole ... | 2001 | 11757362 |
| 5-azacytidine induces chromosomal breakage in the root tips of wheat carrying the cuckoo chromosome 4s(l) from aegilops sharonensis. | the cuckoo chromosome 4s(l) from aegilops sharonensis is preferentially transmitted when introduced by hybridization into common wheat, triticum aestivum. gametocidal (gc) factors carried in 4s(l) induce chromosome breakage in meiospores not containing them, ensuring their transmission to the progeny. chromosome breakage and break-fusion-bridge (bfb) cycles can also be observed during early embryo sac development of chromosome 4s(l) addition lines to wheat, often leading to the presence of dicen ... | 2001 | 11737296 |
| role of extracellular peroxidase in the superoxide production by wheat root cells. | extracellular peroxidase has been shown to contribute to superoxide production in wounded wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. ljuba) root cells. the superoxide-synthesizing system of root cells was considerably inhibited by kcn and nan3 and activated by mncl2 and h2o2. treatment of roots with salicylic acid and a range of di- and tri-carbonic acids (malic, citric, malonic, fumaric, and succinic acids) stimulated superoxide production in both root cells and extracellular solution. the h2o2-stimulated ... | 2001 | 11732329 |
| expression of a cold-responsive lt-cor gene and development of freezing tolerance during cold acclimation in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | time-courses of the development of freezing tolerance and the expression of a cold-responsive gene wlt10 were monitored during cold acclimation in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). bioassay showed that cold acclimation conferred much higher freezing tolerance on a winter cultivar than a spring cultivar. northern blot analysis showed that the expression of wlt10 encoding a novel wheat member of a cereal-specific lt-cor protein family was specifically induced by low temperature. a freezing-tolerant wi ... | 2001 | 11709586 |
| stable free radicals in ozone-damaged wheat leaves. | chlorophyll fluorescence measurements were performed on attached leaves of wheat plants (triticum aestivum l. cv. nandu) that were exposed to ambient air and to air supplemented with 80 and 120 nmol mol-1 ozone. decreases in the "current photochemical capacity" were observed that were dependent on both the ozone concentration and duration of exposure. electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) spectra on freeze-dried samples from the same batches of plants showed the presence of an unidentified stabl ... | 2001 | 11697202 |
| genetic and physical characterization of chromosome 4dl in wheat. | the long arm of chromosome 4d in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) has been shown in previous studies to harbor genes of agronomic importance. a major dominant gene conferring aluminum (al) tolerance (alt2 in 'chinese spring' and altbh in 'bh 1146'), and the knal locus controlling the k+/na+ discrimination in saline environments have been mapped to this chromosome arm. however, accurate information on the genetic and physical location of markers related to any of these genes is not available and woul ... | 2001 | 11681613 |
| the detection, cloning, and characterisation of wis 2-1a retrotransposon-like sequences in triticum aestivum l. and xtriticosecale wittmack and an examination of their evolution in related triticeae. | retrotransposons and other mobile elements are major components of the repeated dna fraction in higher-plant genomes. they have undoubtedly played an important role in higher plant genome evolution. the present work details the detection and characterisation of a wis 2-1a related sequence in direct wheat relatives, and discusses the prevalence and evolution of its copy number in their genomes. an increase in copy number is detected when following the natural hybridisation processes that gave ris ... | 2001 | 11768225 |
| genotypic variation in tetraploid wheat affecting homoeologous pairing in hybrids with aegilops peregrina. | the ph1 gene has long been considered the main factor responsible for the diploid-like meiotic behavior of polyploid wheat. this dominant gene, located on the long arm of chromosome 5b (5bl), suppresses pairing of homoeologous chromosomes in polyploid wheat and in their hybrids with related species. here we report on the discovery of genotypic variation among tetraploid wheats in the control of homoeologous pairing. compared with the level of homoeologous pairing in hybrids between aegilops pere ... | 2001 | 11768203 |
| changes in cell-wall properties of wheat (triticum aestivum) roots during aluminum-induced growth inhibition. | the effects of aluminum (al) on root elongation, the mechanical extensibility of the cell wall, and the amount of cell-wall polysaccharides in the roots of al-resistant (atlas 66) and al-sensitive (scout 66) cultivars of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) were examined. exposure to 10 &mgr;m alcl3 for 6 h inhibited root elongation in scout 66 but not in atlas 66. it also decreased the mechanical extensibility of the cell wall in the roots of both cultivars, but prominently only in the roots of scout 6 ... | 2001 | 11473692 |
| a xylosyltransferase that synthesizes beta-(1-->4)-xylans in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings. | a particulate preparation from 6-day-old seedlings of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) was found to contain a xylosyltransferase (xyltase) which incorporated xylose (xyl) from udp-xylose into exogenous beta-(1-->4)-xylooligosaccharides with 2-aminopyridine-derivatized reducing end groups. high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis showed that the chain elongation of pyridylaminated beta-(1-->4)-xylotriose (xyl3-pa) occurred by attachment of a series of one, two, or three xylosyl residues, depe ... | 2001 | 11469588 |
| genotype-dependent proteolytic response of spring wheat to water deficiency. | changes in proteolytic activities in response to water deficiency have been investigated in ten genotypes of spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) differing in response to water deficit stress and ability to acclimate. to determine subcellular localization and the type of proteases, mesophyll protoplasts isolated from wheat leaves were purified. proteolytic activities were assayed using azocasein in the case of vacuolar proteinases at ph 5.0 and 125i-lysozyme in the case of extravacuolar atp-depen ... | 2001 | 11457905 |
| transfer of salt tolerance from aeleuropus littorulis sinensis to wheat (triticum aestivum l.) via asymmetric somatic hybridization. | protoplasts of wheat c.v. jinan 177 were fused by peg method with the uv irradiated protoplasts of a. littoralis - a salt tolerant plant intertribal to wheat. the early-formed regenerated clones were identified as hybrids by chromosome, isozyme and rapd analysis. their salt-tolerant ability was compared with both parents in relative growth, proline accumulation and na(+)/k(+) ratio under salt stress, and was proved higher than wheat, indicating some corresponding genes coding salt-tolerance had ... | 2001 | 11448756 |
| a tandem repetitive sequence located in the centromeric region of common wheat (triticum aestivum) chromosomes. | although tail-family sequences are present in the subtelomeric region of leymus racemosus, it became apparent in the present study that such sequences are also present in the centromeric region of common wheat (triticum aestivum). these sequences hybridized to all chromosomes with various degrees of signal strength. fish using tail and ty3/gypsy, a conservative sequence in cereal centromeres, revealed a complicated arrangement of both sequences in all wheat chromosomes at once. unlike the arabid ... | 2001 | 11448043 |
| allelochemicals in wheat (triticum aestivum l.): production and exudation of 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one. | an analytical technique employing gas chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (gc/ms/ms) was employed to systematically screen fifty-eight wheat accessions for their differential production of 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (dimboa) from three consecutive sources, i.e., the shoots, roots, and in the associated agar growth medium (collected as root exudates) of 17-day-old wheat seedlings. dimboa content differed significantly in the shoots, roots, or in the agar growth medium be ... | 2001 | 11521406 |
| the export of amino acid in the phloem is altered in wheat plants lacking the short arm of chromosome 7b. | grain protein content is one of the major determinants of the baking and nutritional quality of wheat. it has previously been reported that the ditelosomic line of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) csdt7bl, where the short arm of chromosome 7b is missing, shows a lower grain protein concentration than the normal line, but a similar grain yield. in the present paper the growth and nitrogen (n) metabolism of wheat plants cv. chinese spring (cs) and its ditelosomic line csdt7bl were compared. when plant ... | 2001 | 11520864 |
| allelochemicals in wheat (triticum aestivum l.): cultivar difference in the exudation of phenolic acids. | analysis by gc-ms/ms showed that a worldwide collection of 58 wheat accessions differed significantly in the amounts of 7 known phenolic acids exuded by the living roots of 17-day-old wheat seedlings. the quantities of exuded allelochemicals varied with the specific compound and ranged from 2.3 to 18.6, from 0.6 to 17.5, from 0.1 to 4.9, from 0.0 to 52.7, from 0.33 to 12.7, from 1.5 to 20.5, and from 1.6 to 23.4 microg/l of water/agar for p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, cis-p-coumaric, syringic, cis ... | 2001 | 11513658 |
| the nucellus degenerates by a process of programmed cell death during the early stages of wheat grain development. | the nucellus, which is the maternal tissue of the wheat grain, degenerates during the early stages of development. we have investigated whether or not this degenerative process may be considered as programmed cell death (pcd). the analysis of dna of tissues dissected from developing wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv chinese spring) grains at 5-20 days post anthesis (dpa) showed the presence of dna laddering, which is indicative of internucleosomal fragmentation of nuclear dna, in maternal tissues b ... | 2001 | 11506357 |
| growth and yield responses of spring wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. minaret) to elevated co2 and water limitation. | spring wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. minaret) was grown at two different co2 concentrations (367 and 650 micromol mol(-1)) in open-top-chambers from sowing until final harvest. furthermore two different watering treatments (well watered and water stressed) and two soil types of different fertility were used. at final harvest, which took place at growth stage 92, plants were separated into different fractions. elevated atmospheric co2 caused an accelerated chlorophyll-a breakdown and increased ... | 2001 | 11504341 |
| effects of fulvic acid on the bioavailability of rare earth elements and got enzyme activity in wheat (triticum aestivum). | fulvic acid (fa) was extracted and purified from natural soil and the effects of such fa on the bioaccumulation of rare earth elements (rees, la3+, gd3+ and y3+) in wheat seedling were investigated. the results indicated that low concentration of fa (<0.4 mg c/l to root, <0.7 mg c/l to tops (stem and leaves)) could increase the bioaccumulation values of rees in wheat, but when the concentration of fa was high (>0.4 mg c/l to root, >1.5 mg c/l to tops) the bioaccumulation values were decreased. k ... | 2001 | 11482641 |
| [pyramiding and marker-assisted selection for powdery mildew resistance genes in common wheat]. | this project used the strategy of discarding susceptible individual plants and keeping resistance ones by resistance identification in breeding populations and planted resistant plants next in earlier generations (f1-f3), and performing marker-assisted selection combining resistance identification in later generation (f4 generation) for pyramiding powdery mildew resistance. f4 populations from crosses of elite parents possessing different pm genes were screened by using molecular markers tightly ... | 2001 | 11480176 |
| boron supply into wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. wilgoyne) ears whilst still enclosed within leaf sheaths. | the present study investigates whether there is significant remobilization of (10)b previously loaded in the flag and penultimate leaves into the young, actively growing ear enclosed within the sheaths of flag and penultimate leaves. it also explores whether b transport into the enclosed ear declines when air humidity in the shoot canopy increases. after 5 d (10)b labelling during the period from early to full emergence of the flag leaf, the plants were transferred into nutrient solutions contai ... | 2001 | 11479339 |
| isolation of a chromosomally engineered durum wheat line carrying the aegilops ventricosa pchl gene for resistance to eyespot. | the chromosome 7dv of aegilops ventricosa (syn. triticum ventricosum, 2n = 4x = 28, genome dvdvmvmv) carries the gene pch1 for resistance to eyespot. this gene has previously been transferred to chromosome 7d of bread wheat, t. aestivum (2n = 6x = 42, genome aabbdd). to (1) enhance the level of resistance of bread wheat by increasing the copy number of pch1, and (2) create eyespot-resistant triticales, meiotically stable pch1-carrying durum lines were selected from the backcross progenies of a c ... | 2001 | 11444692 |
| [effect of rye chromosomes on features of androgenesis in wheat-rye substituted lines of triticum aestivum l. sort saratovskaya 29/secale cerale l. sort onokhoiskaia and triticale]. | the characteristic features of androgenesis in six wheat-rye substitution lines triticum aestivum l. (cv. saratovskaya 29)/secale cereale l. (cv. onokhoiskaya) and triticale (2n = 56) using anther culture at different concentrations of 2,4-d in the growth medium were studied. under variable cultivation conditions, the significant effect of genotypic diversity on the variability of such androgenesis parameters as the frequency of productive anthers, the frequency of embryoid formation, and the fr ... | 2001 | 11436553 |
| barley chromosome addition lines of wheat for screening of aflp markers on barley chromosomes. | we conducted aflp (amplified fragment length polymorphism) analysis with the six wheat-barley chromosome addition lines of common wheat cultivar chinese spring. we analyzed the aflp fingerprints generated by 36 combinations of selective-amplification primers to find 103 markers specific to the barley chromosomes (2.9 markers per combination on average). the numbers of aflp markers mapped to the barley chromosomes varied (one to 16) depending of the primer combinations. each barley chromosome had ... | 2001 | 11434455 |
| plant growth and cation composition of two cultivars of spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) differing in p uptake efficiency. | phosphorus (p)-zinc (zn) interactions were investigated in two wheat cultivars (brookton versus krichauff) differing in p uptake efficiency. the experiment was done in a growth chamber. rock phosphate (rp) or cahpo4 (cap) were used as p sources, and ammonium nitrate (an) or nitrate only (no) were used as nitrogen sources. two zn levels were used, 0.22 mg x kg(-1) (lz) and 2.2 mg znso4.7h2o x kg(-1) (hz), respectively. p availability significantly affected plant biomass production, but zn supply ... | 2001 | 11432946 |
| phytosiderophore release in aegilops tauschii and triticum species under zinc and iron deficiencies. | using three diploid (triticum monococcum, aa), three tetraploid (triticum turgidum, bbaa), two hexaploid (triticum aestivum and triticum compactum, bbaadd) wheats and two aegilops tauschii (dd) genotypes, experiments were carried out under controlled environmental conditions in nutrient solution (i) to study the relationships between the rates of phytosiderophore (ps) release from the roots and the tolerance of diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid wheats and ae: tauschii to zinc (zn) and iron (fe) ... | 2001 | 11432925 |
| the competence to acquire cellular desiccation tolerance is independent of seed morphological development. | acquisition of desiccation tolerance and the related changes at the cellular level in wheat (triticum aestivum cv. priokskaya) kernels during normal development and premature drying on the ear were studied using a spin probe technique and low temperature scanning electron microscopy. during normal development, the ability of embryos to germinate after rapid drying and rehydration was acquired after completion of morphological development, which is a few days before mass maturity. the acquisition ... | 2001 | 11432918 |
| effect of external potassium (k) supply on the uptake of 137cs by spring wheat (triticum aestivum cv. tonic): a large-scale hydroponic study. | a large-scale hydroponic experiment was carried out in a non-controlled greenhouse. spring wheat plants were grown to maturity at four levels of external k concentration (2, 4, 20 and 40 mgl(-1)) and one concentration of radiocaesium (8 bqml(-1)). concentrations of k and radiocaesium in the growth solution were closely monitored, and replenishments were made upon depletion. k effectively competed with radiocaesium in terms of root uptake. activity concentrations of radiocaesium in plants differe ... | 2001 | 11430677 |
| copper and zinc uptake by spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and corn (zea mays l.) grown in baiyin region. | 2001 | 11381316 | |
| procedures allowing the transformation of a range of european elite wheat (triticum aestivum l.) varieties via particle bombardment. | ten current european wheat varieties were transformed at efficiencies ranging from 1-17% (mean 4% across varieties) following modifications in particle bombardment and tissue culture procedures. all plants surviving phosphinothricin selection were screened for uida and bar gene activity, and for the presence of marker gene sequences by pcr analysis. a minimum of 35% plant 'escape' frequency was achieved with selection on 4 mg l(-1) gluphosinate ammonium after shoot initiation. mean co-transforma ... | 2001 | 11413224 |
| auxin distribution and transport during embryonic pattern formation in wheat. | inhibitors of auxin polar transport disrupt normal embryogenesis and thus specific spatial auxin distribution due to auxin movement may be important in establishing embryonic pattern formation in plants. in the present study, the distribution of the photoaffinity labeling agent tritiated 5-azidoindole-3-acetic acid ([3h],5-n3iaa), an analog of indole-3-acetic acid (iaa), was visualized in zygotic wheat (triticum aestivum l.) embryos grown in vitro and in planta, and used to deduce auxin transpor ... | 2001 | 11389754 |
| carbon isotope discrimination and mineral composition of three organs in durum wheat genotypes grown under mediterranean conditions. | carbon isotope discrimination (delta) has been proposed as a good criterion for transpiration efficiency and grain yield improvement. its measurement, however, remains very expensive. ash content (ma) has been proposed as an alternative criterion for delta in bread wheat and barley. the aims of this study were (i) to analyse the relationships between delta and mineral composition in different durum wheat plant parts and (ii) to compare the variation of these traits between landraces and improved ... | 2001 | 11386083 |
| plant-growth inhibitory activity of cedrelanolide from cedrela salvadorensis. | the effect of cedrelanolide, the most abundant limonoid isolated from cedrela salvadorensis (meliaceae), was assayed as a plant-growth inhibitory compound against monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous seeds. this compound inhibited germination, seed respiration, and seedling dry weights of some plant species (lolium multiflorum, var. hercules, triticum vulgare, var. salamanca, physalis ixocarpa, and trifolium alexandrinum). our results indicate that cedrelanolide interferes with monocot preemergen ... | 2001 | 11382059 |
| allelochemicals in wheat (triticum aestivum l.): variation of phenolic acids in shoot tissues. | seven known phenolic acids implicated in wheat allelopathy were analyzed in a worldwide collection of 58 wheat accessions by gas chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (gc-ms-ms). chemical analysis showed that accessions differed significantly in the production of p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, syringic, trans-p-coumaric, cis-p-coumaric, trans-ferulic, and cis-ferulic acids in the shoots of 17-day-old wheat seedlings. the concentrations of p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, cis-p-coumaric, and cis-fe ... | 2001 | 11382058 |
| characterization of the rbcs multigene family in wheat: subfamily classification, determination of chromosomal location and evolutionary analysis. | to elucidate the evolution of a multigene family in plants, nucleotide sequences of members of the rbcs multigene family encoding the small subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase in wheat were determined. five genomic clones containing rbcs sequences were isolated. the known members of the rbcs family of common wheat, including the clones reported here, were categorized into two classes (i and ii), which, in turn, were classified into three (a, b and e) and two (c and d) subt ... | 2001 | 11370863 |
| high temperature stress increases the expression of wheat leaf ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activase protein. | the effect of high temperature stress on the expression of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco) activase was examined in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) leaves, which normally possess 46- and 42-kda activase forms. heat stress at 38 degrees c significantly reduced total activase mrna levels compared to controls, and recovery of activase transcription was only marginal 24 h after alleviating heat stress. in contrast to transcript abundance, immunoblot analysis indicated that hea ... | 2001 | 11368350 |
| accumulation of cd and pb in spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grown in calcareous soil irrigated with wastewater. | 2001 | 11353377 | |
| possible involvement of protein phosphorylation in aluminum-responsive malate efflux from wheat root apex. | in many plants, efflux of organic anions from roots has been proposed as one of the major al resistance mechanisms. however it remains unknown how plants regulate efflux of organic anions in response to al. in this study, the regulatory mechanisms of al-responsive malate efflux in wheat (triticum aestivum) were characterized focusing on the role of protein phosphorylation. al-resistant wheat (cv atlas) initiated malate efflux at 5 min after addition of al, and this response was sensitive to temp ... | 2001 | 11351103 |
| physiological basis of reduced al tolerance in ditelosomic lines of chinese spring wheat. | aluminum tolerance was assessed in the moderately al-tolerant wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivar chinese spring and a set of ditelosomic lines derived from chinese spring. three ditelosomic lines lacking chromosome arms 4dl, 5as and 7as, respectively, exhibited decreased al tolerance relative to the euploid parent chinese spring based on reduced root growth in al-containing solutions. the physiological basis of the reduced al tolerance was investigated. measurements by inductively coupled arg ... | 2001 | 11346958 |
| identification of wheat flour allergens by means of 2-dimensional immunoblotting. | wheat flour proteins are allergens for 60% to 70% of bakers with workplace-related respiratory symptoms. | 2001 | 11344361 |
| comparative floral development of mir-grown and ethylene-treated, earth-grown super dwarf wheat. | to study plant growth in microgravity, we grew super dwarf wheat (triticum aestivum l.) in the svet growth chamber onboard the orbiting russian space station, mir, and in identical ground control units at the institute of biomedical problems in moscow, russia. seedling emergence was 56% and 73% in the two root-module compartments on mir and 75% and 90% on earth. growth was vigorous (produced ca. 1 kg dry mass), and individual plants produced 5 to 8 tillers on mir compared with 3 to 5 on earth-gr ... | 2001 | 12033229 |
| the triticeae genetic resources of central italy: collection, evaluation and conservation. | one hundred and six landraces belonging to 7 species of the triticeae tribe were collected in central italy by dbvba (perugia university), dibiaga (ancona university) and arssa (abruzzo region agricultural development agency) in different individual and joint missions. a few accessions were supplied by private and other public organisations. triticum dicoccum schubler is the most widespread species, followed by t. aestivum l., t. monococcum l., t. spelta l., t. turgidum var. durum desf., secale ... | 2001 | 12152333 |
| identification of intergenomic translocations involving wheat, hordeum vulgare and hordeum chilense chromosomes by fish. | intergenomic translocations between wheat, hordeum chilense and hordeum vulgare have been obtained in tritordeum background. advanced lines from the crosses between three disomic chromosome addition lines for chromosome 2hv, 3hv, and 4hv of barley (hordeum vulgare) in triticum aestivum cv. chinese spring (cs) and hexaploid tritordeum (2n = 6x = 42, aabbhchhch) were analyzed. multicolor fish using both genomic dna from h. chilense and h. vulgare were used to establish the presence and numbers of ... | 2001 | 12152330 |
| detection of alien chromosomes from s-genome species in the addition/substitution lines of bread wheat and visualization of a-, b- and d-genomes by gish. | a modified approach based on the gish technique for detecting introgressed chromosomes/chromosome arms from closely related s-genome species to wheat genome and for visualization of a-, b- and d-genomes of triticum aestivum l. (genome aabbdd, 2n = 6x = 42) is presented. for detecting alien chromosomes we investigated two lines of bread wheat, one is an addition line with a pair of chromosome no. 4 short arms from aegilops searsii (4sss) and a wheat substitution line with a pair of chromosomes no ... | 2001 | 12152324 |
| comparative study of symmetric and asymmetric somatic hybridization between common wheat andhaynaldia villosa. | symmetric and asymmetric protoplast fusion between long term cell suspension-derived protoplasts oftriticum aestivum (cv. jinan 177) and protoplasts ofhaynaldia villosa prepared from one-year-old embryogeneric calli was performed by peg method. in asymmetric fusion, donor calli were treated with gamma ray at a dose of 40, 60, 80 gy (1.3 gy/min) respectively and then used to isolate protoplasts. results of morphological, cytological, biochemical (isozyme) and 5s rdna spacer sequence analysis reve ... | 2001 | 18726409 |
| sensitivity of wheat genotypes to a toxic fraction produced by cephalosporium gramineum and correlation with disease susceptibility. | abstract cephalosporium stripe is an important disease of winter wheat (triticum aestivum) in several areas of the world, especially where stubble mulch and early seeding are practiced to maintain soil moisture and prevent erosion. we developed a procedure to mass-produce a toxic fraction produced by cephalosporium gramineum through a modification of the method of kobayashi and ui. exposure of excised wheat leaves to a concentration of 60 mul/ml of the toxic fraction for 72 h produced distinct w ... | 2001 | 18943001 |
| [responses of agricultural crops of free-air co2 enrichment]. | over the past decade, free-air co2 enrichment (face) experiments have been conducted on several agricultural crops: wheat(triticum aestivum l.), perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne), and rice(oryza sativa l.) which are c3 grasses; sorghum (sorghum bicolor (l.) möench), a c4 grass; white clover (trifolium repens), a c3 legume; potato (solanum tuberosum l.), a c3 forb with tuber storage; and cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) and grape (vitis vinifera l.) which are c3 woody perennials. using reports fr ... | 2002 | 12557686 |
| modeling and control for closed environment plant production systems. | a computer program was developed to study multiple crop production and control in controlled environment plant production systems. the program simulates crop growth and development under nominal and off-nominal environments. time-series crop models for wheat (triticum aestivum), soybean (glycine max), and white potato (solanum tuberosum) are integrated with a model-based predictive controller. the controller evaluates and compensates for effects of environmental disturbances on crop production s ... | 2002 | 12882224 |
| effects of metals on seed germination, root elongation, and coleoptile and hypocotyl growth in triticum aestivum and cucumis sativus. | a simple, fast, and easy-to-perform method was carried out for the quantification of the inhibitory effects of metals on wheat and cucumber. the method uses seed germination, root elongation, and hypocotyl and coleoptile growth in these plants as parameters in the presence of varying concentrations of metals. metals selected for this study were hg, cd, co, cu, pb, and zn. although effective concentrations of these metals for a certain degree of inhibition were different, both plants had a reduce ... | 2002 | 12115046 |
| characterization of the genes encoding the cytosolic and plastidial forms of adp-glucose pyrophosphorylase in wheat endosperm. | in most species, the synthesis of adp-glucose (glc) by the enzyme adp-glc pyrophosphorylase (agpase) occurs entirely within the plastids in all tissues so far examined. however, in the endosperm of many, if not all grasses, a second form of agpase synthesizes adp-glc outside the plastid, presumably in the cytosol. in this paper, we show that in the endosperm of wheat (triticum aestivum), the cytosolic form accounts for most of the agpase activity. using a combination of molecular and biochemical ... | 2002 | 12428011 |
| short-term boron deprivation inhibits endocytosis of cell wall pectins in meristematic cells of maize and wheat root apices. | by using immunofluorescence microscopy, we observed rapidly altered distribution patterns of cell wall pectins in meristematic cells of maize (zea mays) and wheat (triticum aestivum) root apices. this response was shown for homogalacturonan pectins characterized by a low level (up to 40%) of methylesterification and for rhamnogalacturonan ii pectins cross-linked by a borate diol diester. under boron deprivation, abundance of these pectins rapidly increased in cell walls, whereas their internaliz ... | 2002 | 12226520 |
| metabolism of the environmental estrogen bisphenol a by plant cell suspension cultures. | the metabolism of the environmental estrogen bisphenol a (bpa) was studied in heterotrophic plant cell suspension cultures of soybean (glycine max), wheat (triticum aestivum), foxglove (digitalis purpurea), and thorn apple (datura stramonium), which were regarded as metabolic model systems for intact plants. three main metabolic routes of bpa were observed in the tissues. most of the radioactivity found in the cell extracts consisted of carbohydrate conjugates of bpa amounting to about 85% (foxg ... | 2002 | 12243330 |
| accumulation of hmx (octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine) in indigenous and agricultural plants grown in hmx-contaminated anti-tank firing-range soil. | to investigate their potential for phytoremediation, selected agricultural and indigenous terrestrial plants were examined fortheir capacity to accumulate and degrade the explosive octahydro-1 ,3,5,7-tetra nitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (hmx). plant tissue and soil extracts were analyzed for the presence of hmx and possible degradative metabolites using high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array uv detection (hplc-uv), micellar electrokinetic chromatography with diode-array uv detection ... | 2002 | 11811476 |
| effects of earthworm (eisenia fetida) and wheat (triticum aestivum) straw additions on selected properties of petroleum-contaminated soils. | current bioremediation techniques for petroleum-contaminated soils are designed to remove contaminants as quickly and efficiently as possible, but not necessarily with postremediation soil biological quality as a primary objective. to test a simple postbioremediation technique, we added earthworms (eisenia fetida) or wheat (triticum aestivum) straw to petroleum land-farm soil and measured biological quality of the soil as responses in plant growth, soil respiration, and oil and grease (o&g) and ... | 2002 | 12152766 |
| growth promotion and an increase in cell wall extensibility by silicon in rice and some other poaceae seedlings. | the effect of silicon on organ growth and its mechanisms of action were studied in rice ( oryza sativa l. cv. koshihikari), oat ( avena sativa l. cv. victory), and wheat ( triticum aestivum l. cv. daichino-minori) seedlings grown in the dark. applying silicon in the form of silicic acid to these seedlings via culture solution resulted in growth promotion of third (rice) or second (oat and wheat) leaves. the optimal concentration of silicon was 5-10 mm. no growth promotion was observed in early o ... | 2002 | 12884045 |
| gramene, a tool for grass genomics. | gramene (http://www.gramene.org) is a comparative genome mapping database for grasses and a community resource for rice (oryza sativa). it combines a semi-automatically generated database of cereal genomic and expressed sequence tag sequences, genetic maps, map relations, and publications, with a curated database of rice mutants (genes and alleles), molecular markers, and proteins. gramene curators read and extract detailed information from published sources, summarize that information in a stru ... | 2002 | 12481044 |
| direct capture and cloning of receptor kinase and peroxidase genes from genomic dna. | a direct dna capture and cloning procedure with magnetic bead separation was used to isolate receptor kinase like and peroxidase genes from oat (avena sativa) and wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genomic dna, respectively. in this procedure, the digoxigenin-labeled probe dna and target genomic dna fragments were mixed, denatured, and hybridized. the double-helix complexes formed were captured with anti-digoxigenin immunoglobulin-coated magnetic beads and then cloned into either the lambdabluestar or ... | 2002 | 12416632 |
| toxicity of methyl tert-butyl ether to plants (avena sativa, zea mays, triticum aestivum, and lactuca sativa). | influence of methyl tert-butyl ether (mtbe) on the germination of seeds and growth of seedling plants were studied in laboratory experiments. test plants were wild oats (avena sativa), sweet corn (zea mays), wheat (triticum aestivum), and lettuce (lactuca sativa). seed germination, shoot growth, and root growth of plants exposed to different concentrations of mtbe in a moist soil were examined. seed germination and seedling growth in mtbe-contaminated soil were markedly reduced in all test plant ... | 2002 | 12152769 |
| rflp mapping of a hordeum bulbosum gene highly expressed in pistils and its relationship to homoeologous loci in other gramineae species. | a cdna sequence (hbc8-2) isolated from pistils of the self-incompatible species hordeum bulbosum was analysed for expression pattern and genetic map location. hbc8-2 was expressed just prior to anthesis in mature pistils, and expression was maintained at a high level throughout anthesis. the same expression pattern was found in self-incompatible rye ( secale cereale), but no expression was detected in the self-compatible cereals wheat ( triticum aestivum) or barley ( hordeum vulgare) at comparab ... | 2002 | 12582529 |
| an isoleucine to leucine mutation in acetyl-coa carboxylase confers herbicide resistance in wild oat. | wild oat (avena fatua l.) populations resistant to herbicides that inhibit acetyl-coa carboxylase (accase; ec 6.4.1.2) represent an increasingly important weed control problem. the objective of this study was to determine the accase mutation responsible for herbicide resistance in a well-studied wild oat biotype (umi). a 2039-bp region encompassing the carboxybiotin and acetyl-coa binding domains of multifunctional plastidic accase was analyzed. dna sequences representing three plastidic accase ... | 2002 | 12502249 |
| transcripts of vp-1 homeologues are misspliced in modern wheat and ancestral species. | the maize (zea mays) viviparous 1 (vp1) transcription factor has been shown previously to be a major regulator of seed development, simultaneously activating embryo maturation and repressing germination. hexaploid bread wheat (triticum aestivum) caryopses are characterized by relatively weak embryo dormancy and are susceptible to preharvest sprouting (phs), a phenomenon that is phenotypically similar to the maize vp1 mutation. analysis of vp-1 transcript structure in wheat embryos during grain d ... | 2002 | 12119408 |
| water deficit during root development: effects on the growth of roots and osmotic water permeability of isolated root protoplasts. | the effect of low water potentials on root growth of flax (linum usitatissimum l. cv. ariane), rape (brassica napus l. de candolle, cv. bristol), hard wheat (triticum turgidum l. cv. cham1) and soft wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. ritmo) was studied by measuring the osmotic water permeability (pos) of root protoplasts and the protein abundance of pip1 and pip2 aquaporins. these different species require more or less water, the most sensitive to water deficit being flax and rape. ritmo, is a cult ... | 2002 | 11855644 |
| identification of fonofos metabolites in latuca sativa, beta vulgaris, and triticum aestivum by packed capillary flow fast atom bombardment tandem mass spectrometry. | the metabolism of fonofos, a thiophosphonate insecticide, was investigated in mature lettuce (latuca sativa), beet (beta vulgaris), and wheat (triticum aestivum). six new metabolites were identified by lc-ms and lc-ms-ms analysis using fast atom bombardment (fab) and packed capillary lc columns with application of the on-column focusing technique. these methods provided the sensitivity required to identify unknown metabolites that were present in the mature plants at only 20-230 ppb. structural ... | 2002 | 11902934 |
| cold-regulated cereal chloroplast late embryogenesis abundant-like proteins. molecular characterization and functional analyses. | cold acclimation and freezing tolerance are the result of complex interaction between low temperature, light, and photosystem ii (psii) excitation pressure. previous results have shown that expression of the wcs19 gene is correlated with psii excitation pressure measured in vivo as the relative reduction state of psii. using cdna library screening and data mining, we have identified three different groups of proteins, late embryogenesis abundant (lea) 3-l1, lea3-l2, and lea3-l3, sharing identiti ... | 2002 | 12114590 |
| aggressiveness of mycosphaerella graminicola isolates from susceptible and partially resistant wheat cultivars. | abstract the selective effect of quantitative host resistance on pathogen aggressiveness is poorly understood. because two previous experiments with a small number of bread wheat cultivars and isolates of mycosphaerella graminicola had indicated that more susceptible hosts selected for more aggressive isolates, we conducted a larger experiment to test that hypothesis. in each of 2 years, six cultivars differing in their levels of partial resistance were planted in field plots, and isolates were ... | 2002 | 18944259 |
| mycosphaerella graminicola: latent infection, crop devastation and genomics. | summary mycosphaerella graminicola is an important pathogen of wheat, causing septoria leaf blotch disease. this review summarizes the current knowledge on disease development and control of the fungus, and discusses how molecular tools and genomics are being employed to uncover the genetic basis of pathogenicity. taxonomy: mycosphaerella graminicola (fuckel) j. schröt. in cohn (anamorph: septoria tritici roberge in desmaz.). kingdom fungi, phylum ascomycota, class loculoascomycetes (filamentous ... | 2002 | 20569310 |
| allergologic exploration of germins and germin-like proteins, a new class of plant allergens. | germins and the related germin-like proteins (glps) are glycoproteins expressed in many plants in response to biotic and abiotic stress. to test the potential impact of germins and glps, recombinant germin from triticum aestivum (tgermin) and glps from arabidopsis thaliana (tglp), both produced in transformed tobacco plants, were used. | 2002 | 12169176 |
| simulated effects of crop rotations and residue management on wind erosion in wuchuan, west-central inner mongolia, china. | for decades, wind erosion has triggered dust and sand storms, buffeting beijing and areas of northwestern china to the point of being hazardous to human health while rapidly eroding crop and livestock productivity. the epic (environmental policy integrated climate) field-scale simulation model was used to assess long-term effects of improved crop rotations and crop residue management practices on wind erosion in wuchuan county in inner mongolia. simulation results indicate that preserving crop s ... | 2002 | 12175042 |
| [factors affecting agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of wheat (triticum aestivum l.)]. | immature embryos and embryo-derived calli from two cultivars of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.), bau146 and bau170, were transformed with three strains of agrobacterium tumefaciens, agl-1, eha105 and lba4404 harboring expression vector p3301 or pbtaab. both vectors contained bar gene and p3301 contained also gus gene with an intron. the highest explant survival rate and transformation efficiency was obtained when the bacterial cell density was od600 1.0 with 1 h of infection incubation. high ... | 2002 | 12182083 |
| molecular cloning, characterization and mapping of a rhodanese like gene in wheat. | to isolate genes related to resistance to erysiphe graminis (blumeria graminis) dc. f. sp. tritici in wheat (triticum aestivum l.), differential display analysis was conducted for mrna extracted from seedlings of a wheat-haynaldia villosa 6vs/6al translocation line 92r137 that contains a powdery mildew resistance gene pm21. a full-length cdna sequence named tatst (triticum aestivum thiosulfate sulfurtransferase) homologous to the thiosulfate sulfurtransferase (rhodanese) in datisca glomerata was ... | 2002 | 12182084 |
| relationships between digestibilities of food components and characteristics of wheats (triticum aestivum) introduced as the only cereal source in a broiler chicken diet. | 1. the aim of the experiment was to establish relationships between chemical or physical characteristics of wheats (triticum aestivum) and digestibilities of food components in broiler chickens fed on wheat-based diets. twenty-two wheat samples, each differing by their cultivar origin, were included at 550 g/kg in diets offered to male ross broiler chicks. the other main ingredients were soya bean meal (340 g/kg) and rapeseed oil (68.5 g/kg). diets were given as pellets. 2. in vitro viscosities ... | 2002 | 12195800 |
| field evaluation of transgenic and classical sources of wheat streak mosaic virus resistance. | the development of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars that are resistant to wheat streak mosaic virus (wsmv), yet competitive in yield under nondiseased conditions, is an objective for breeding programs in the great plains. this field study was conducted to compare classical and transgenic sources of resistance to wsmv. three sets of germplasm were evaluated. these included adapted cultivars with various levels of tolerance, transgenic wheat lines containing viral coat protein or replicase s ... | 2002 | 11756260 |
| role of the arginyl-glycyl-aspartic motif in the action of ptr toxa produced by pyrenophora tritici-repentis. | a fundamental problem of plant science is to understand the biochemical basis of plant/pathogen interactions. the foliar disease tan spot of wheat (triticum aestivum), caused by pyrenophora tritici-repentis, involves ptr toxa, a proteinaceous host-selective toxin that causes host cell death. the fungal gene toxa encodes a 17.2-kd pre-pro-protein that is processed to produce the mature 13.2-kd toxin. amino acids 140 to 142 of the pre-pro-protein form an arginyl-glycyl-aspartic (rgd) sequence, a m ... | 2002 | 12428019 |
| copper toxicity thresholds for important restoration grass species of the western united states. | copper toxicity thresholds for plant species that are used in restoration activities in western north america have not been established. as a result, ecological risk assessments must rely on toxicity thresholds established for agronomic species, which usually differ from those of species used in restoration. thus, risk assessors have the potential for classifying sites as phytotoxic to perennial, nonagronomic species and calling for intensive remediation activities that may not be necessary. the ... | 2002 | 12463566 |
| mapping the probability of exceeding critical thresholds for cadmium concentrations in soils in the netherlands. | the probability of exceeding critical thresholds of cd concentrations in the soil was mapped at a national scale. the critical thresholds in soil were based on food quality criteria for cd in crops or in organs of cattle (bos taurus), and were calculated by inverting a regression model for the cd concentration in the crop, with the cd concentration in soil, soil organic matter (som) content, clay content, and ph as predictors. the probability of exceeding the critical threshold for cd in soil pe ... | 2002 | 12469837 |
| lead phytoextraction from contaminated soil with high-biomass plant species. | in this study, cabbage [brassica rapa l. subsp. chinensis (l.) hanelt cv. xinza no 1], mung bean [vigna radiata (l.) r. wilczek var. radiata cv. vc-3762], and wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. altas 66) were grown in pb-contaminated soils. application of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (edta) (3.0 mmol of edta/kg soil) to the soil significantly increased the concentrations of pb in the shoots and roots of all the plants. lead concentrations in the cabbage shoots reached 5010 and 4620 mg/kg dry mat ... | 2002 | 12469839 |
| genetic analysis of durable powdery mildew resistance in a common wheat line. | genetic studies using monosomic and hybridological analyses had confirmed that resistance of a common wheat line k-15560 to powdery mildew in seedling stage was conditioned by one dominant gene located on chromosome 7b, and resistance in adult stage was controlled by two dominant genes. cytological analysis of meiosis in the f1 monosomic hybrids has revealed reciprocal translocation involving chromosomes 2a/7a. in the f1 monosomic hybrids genes, causing a decrease in pairing were found on chromo ... | 2002 | 12471666 |
| molecular characterization of sucrose:sucrose 1-fructosyltransferase and sucrose:fructan 6-fructosyltransferase associated with fructan accumulation in winter wheat during cold hardening. | we isolated two cdnas of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.), designated wft1 and wft2, which encoded sucrose:fructan 6-fructosyltransferase (6-sft) and sucrose:sucrose 1-fructosyltransferase (1-sst; ec 2.4.1.99), respectively, which are involved in the synthesis of fructan in wheat. wft1 and wft2 were cloned by screening of a cdna library with probed-cdna fragments corresponding to plant fructosyltransferase and invertase. the identity of the clones was verified by functional characterization o ... | 2002 | 12506964 |
| plant water uptake by hard red winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genotypes at 2 degrees c and low light intensity. | hard red winter wheat (hrww; triticum aestivm l.) plants from genotypes selected in the northern great plains of the u.s. have less tissue water after exposure to cool autumn temperatures than plants from the southern great plains. it is generally assumed that the reduced tissue water content of northern compared to southern cultivars is due to an impedance to water uptake by northern plants as a result of the low autumn temperatures. we hypothesize that if low temperature impedes water uptake t ... | 2002 | 12350232 |