Publications

thermal denaturation of native and cross-linked bacillus cereus 569/h beta-lactamase i.	thermal denaturation of native and internally cross-linked bacillus cereus 569/h beta-lactamase i (beta-lactamhydrolase, ec 3.5.2.6) was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry. application of temperature-scanning kinetics provided an estimate of various activation parameters for the denaturation process. evidence is presented to indicate that subtle temperature-induced conformational changes preceding gross denaturation are sufficient to cause inactivation of the enzyme.	1983	6418209
[interspecific recombinants of bacillus thuringiensis x bacillus cereus].	the possibility of interspecies recombination was shown by using protoplast fusion method. the bacillus thuringiensis var. galleriae strain 48s thi nic gua rifr strr and 56r gua rifr, and also bac. cereus carrying the plasmid pbc16 responsible for resistance to tetracycline (150 mcg/ml) were used. recombinants were selected on the medium containing rifampicin and tetracycline. they were shown to combine the properties of both parents. the majority of recombinants were resistant to phages tg4 and ...	1983	6418614
freeze-dried mixed cultures as samples for proficiency tests and collaborative studies in food microbiology.	a method is presented for preparing samples of freeze-dried mixtures of microorganisms for proficiency tests and collaborative studies. the samples may include most microorganisms that are found in routine analysis in food laboratories. transport of samples during 48 h did not decrease the number of microorganisms, nor was the variability among samples significantly affected by transport. the standard deviation of counts after 5 weeks of storage varied from 0.04 (staphylococcus aureus) to 0.17 ( ...	1983	6643366
antibacterially active substituted anilides of carboxylic and sulfonic acids.	anilides of carboxylic and sulfonic acids were prepared and tested for antimicrobial activity. while these anilides were ineffective against gram-negative organisms, there was a good correlation between chemical structure and biological activity against gram-positive species. both the nature and position of the benzene ring substituents and the length of the carbon side chain affected the activity and specificity of the compounds. the highest activity was observed when the acyl or sulfuryl moiet ...	1983	6644743
[microbiological degradation of glucosinolates in defatted rapeseed meal].	during the degradation of thioglucosides in defatted rape seed meal (res) microorganisms were found, whose ability to degrade glucosinolates (gsl) and vinyl thio-oxazolidone (vto) was not known so far. the isolated microorganisms are two strains of bacteria of the species bacillus cereus and the yeast trichosporon cutaneum. the degradation of gsl and vto in the cultural broths by the bacillus cereus strains was the more complete the more other gram-negative bacteria from res were additionally pr ...	1983	6684210
phospholipids chiral at phosphorus. preparation and spectral properties of chiral thiophospholipids.	the thiophospholipid 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-thiophosphocholine (dppsc) was shown to be a mixture of two diastereomers by 31p nuclear magnetic resonance. the isomer that resonates at the lower field in cdcl3 (56.12 ppm) was designated as isomer a and the other (resonates at 56.07 ppm) as isomer b. phospholipase a2 from four different sources (bee venom, naja naja venom, crotalus adamanteus venom, and porcine pancreas) was shown to hydrolyze the isomer b of dppsc specifically, whereas phosph ...	1983	6688028
what do beta-lactamases mean for clinical efficacy?	beta-lactamases have proved to be extremely important in influencing therapy with penicillins and cephalosporins against gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic species. both plasmid mediated beta-lactamases which are primarily of a constitutive penicillinase type and the inducible chromosomal enzymes which are primarily cephalosporinases are important. the use of penicillins to treat haemophilus, neisseria gonorrhoeae, escherichia coli, klebsiella, salmonella, shigella and pseudom ...	1983	6423546
properties of neutrophils recruited into inflammatory foci with homologous or heterologous antigen in immunized ewes.	studies were undertaken to determine functional properties of neutrophils attracted into involuted mammary glands of staphylococcus aureus--immunized ewes by soluble antigens prepared from s. aureus (homologous antigen) or from bacillus cereus (heterologous antigen). the ewes were immunized with an s. aureus vaccine known to stimulate synthesis of cytophilic igg2 antibody, and the inflammatory responses were elicited 4-8 weeks later by infusing homologous antigen into one gland and heterologous ...	1983	6442921
monolithic tetracycline-containing fibers for controlled delivery to periodontal pockets.	for the purpose of developing controlled delivery devices for periodontal therapy which would release over several days, six fiber types made of tetracycline-loaded biocompatible polymers were manufactured and tested. polyethylene, polypropylene, polycaprolactone, polyurethane and cellulose acetate propionate all released their drug load within 1 day. ethylene vinyl acetate fibers, however, provided in vitro sustained release for periods up to 9 days. a bioassay was designed to measure levels of ...	1983	6580409
the ph-dependence of class b and class c beta-lactamases.	the classification by structure allots beta-lactamases to (at present) three classes, a, b and c. the ph-dependence of the kinetic parameters for class b and class c have been determined. they differ from each other and from class a beta-lactamases. the class b enzyme was beta-lactamase ii from bacillus cereus 569/h/9. the plots of kcat against ph for the hydrolysis of benzylpenicillin by zn(ii)-requiring beta-lactamase ii and co(ii)-requiring beta-lactamase ii were not symmetrical, but those of ...	1983	6604522
the deposition of bacterial cells from laminar flows onto solid surfaces.	in a previous article, the authors proposed a simple model for the rate of removal of bacterial cells from solid surfaces by fluid shear. this model has been extended to include the deposition of cells from a flowing suspension. the theory is compared to experimentally obtained data for the deposition of bacillus cereus cells onto the surface of glass capillaries. the effect of a hydrophobic surface, siliconized glass, and the addition of an antifoam agent to the suspension is also investigated.	1983	18548707
the coagulation factor vii in pregnancy.	the hypercoagulable state in pregnancy is partly caused by the increased activity of factor vii in plasma. we demonstrate here that this activity is reduced to levels similar to those in plasma from non-pregnant women by highly purified phospholipase c from bacillus cereus, i.e. the activity increase is due to a circulating complex of factor vii and a phospholipase c-sensitive compound. phospholipase c had no effect on the levels of factor ii and x in blood from pregnant women. this novel form o ...	1984	6607066
[effect of benzoic and sorbic acids on bacillus cereus and torulopsis candida].		1984	6443046
bacillus cereus-induced myonecrosis.	a patient with an incomplete amputation due to a crush injury to his arm developed a myonecrosis with gram-positive rods noted on muscle and wound aspirates. the patient was treated for a probable clostridium perfringens infection but culture results proved the organism to be bacillus cereus. in light of the reported resistance of bacillus cereus to penicillin, this case serves to emphasize the importance of expanded empiric coverage with high-dose penicillin and an aminoglycoside pending the re ...	1984	6423833
beta-lactamase-catalyzed hydrolysis of acyclic depsipeptides and acyl transfer to specific amino acid acceptors.	beta-lactamases from all three classes, a, b, and c, catalyze the hydrolysis of specific acyclic depsipeptide (phch2conhcr1r2co2chr3co2h) analogs of acyl-d-alanyl-d-alanine peptides. the depsipeptides investigated, which are chemically as reactive toward nucleophiles as penicillins, are in general poor substrates, although differences between the classes of beta-lactamases have been observed: the order of effectiveness seems to be c greater than b greater than a. certain class a and c beta-lacta ...	1984	6424114
toxigenic bacillus cereus var. fluorescens in human milk.	human milk with high bacterial load of b. cereus var. fluorescens is reported. the organism was identified by morphological, cultural, and biochemical characteristics. lecithinase and haemolysin were produced in rabbit and bovine blood. the toxigenic nature of the organism was confirmed by production of necrosis on rabbit skin and fluid accumulation in rabbit ileal loop. an antibiotic resistogram also has been included.	1984	6425376
thermal melting of poly(da-dt).poly(da-dt) in methanol-water solutions.	thermal melting of a synthetic dna poly(da-dt).poly(da-dt) was investigated in methanol-water solutions. methanol decreased melting temperature of the polynucleotide but the decrease was qualitatively different in the presence of milimolar concentrations of sodium and cesium cations. the difference is a consequence of the fact that poly(da-dt).poly(da-dt) undergoes a helix-helix conformational isomerization in methanol-water solutions which is cesium cation specific. the arising conformation is ...	1984	6487316
selective medium for isolation of clostridium butyricum from human feces.	a selective medium, clostridium butyricum isolation medium (bim), is described for the isolation of c. butyricum from human feces. the bim is a synthetic minimal medium and contains trimethoprim (16 micrograms/ml), d-cycloserine (10 micrograms/ml), and polymyxin b sulfate (20 micrograms/ml) as selective inhibitory agents. qualitative tests indicated that c. butyricum and other butyric acid-producing clostridia grew on bim, clostridium sphenoides and bacillus cereus produced small colonies, and o ...	1984	6490827
spectrophotometric and radioenzymatic determination of ribose-5-phosphate.	the present work describes an assay which is highly specific for ribose-5-phosphate. the method is based on the following three-stage enzymatic conversion: (1) ribose 5-phosphate in equilibrium ribose 1-phosphate (phosphopentomutase); (2) ribose 1-phosphate + adenine in equilibrium adenosine + pi (adenosine phosphorylase); (3) adenosine + h2o----inosine + nh3 (adenosine deaminase). ribose 5-phosphate may be determined either directly following the change in absorbance at 265 nm associated with t ...	1984	6530507
ovalbumin is an elastase substrate.	ovalbumin is partially homologous in sequence with the proteinase inhibitors alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor and anti-thrombin iii. the region of sequence in ovalbumin which corresponds to the reactive sites of these proteinase inhibitors is susceptible to attack by subtilisin, elastase, thermolysin, bromelain, and bacillus cereus protease. the esterase activity of elastase is not inhibited by ovalbumin, but ovalbumin is efficiently cleaved by elastase. in contrast with these proteases, trypsin doe ...	1984	6568226
regulation of protoxin synthesis in bacillus thuringiensis.	a derivative of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (hd-1) formed parasporal inclusions at 25 degrees c, but not at 32 degrees c. this strain differed from the parent only in the loss of a 110-megadalton (md) plasmid, but plasmid and chromosomal copies of protoxin genes were present in both strains. on the basis of temperature shift experiments, the sensitive period appeared to be during midexponential growth, long before the time of protoxin synthesis at 3 to 4 h after the end of exponential ...	1984	6725205
differentiation of bacillus anthracis and other bacillus species by lectins.	bacillus anthracis was agglutinated by several lectins, including those from griffonia simplicifolia, glycine max, abrus precatorius, and ricinus communis. some strains of bacillus cereus var. mycoides (b. mycoides) were strongly reactive with the lectin from helix pomatia and weakly reactive with the g. max lectin. the differential interactions between bacillus species and lectins afforded a means of distinguishing b. anthracis from other bacilli. b. cereus strains exhibited heterogeneity with ...	1984	6418761
stimulation of germination of unactivated bacillus cereus spores by ammonia.	inclusion of ammonia in germinant mixtures containing l-alanine and inosine stimulated germination of unactivated bacillus cereus spores at rates equal to those obtained using heat-activated spores without ammonia. d-alanine had little effect on germination of heat-activated spores, but severely inhibited germination of unactivated spores in the presence of ammonia. ammonia did not replace the requirement for either l-alanine or inosine: all three compounds were required for rapid germination. k ...	1984	6432943
identification of bacillus strains using the api system.	a system is described for the rapid and accurate identification of bacillus isolates using a matrix of results from tests in the api 20e and api 50chb strips and from supplementary tests. api system tests have been shown to be more reproducible than the classical tests. a taxonomy based upon api tests is in good agreement with those obtained by other methods. the results matrix can also be used in computer assisted identification.	1984	6432953
[incidence of bacillus cereus and various pathogenic microorganisms in food for infants and small children].	206 samples of commercially available infant food and their ingredients were examined for the content of b. cereus and coagulase-positive staphylococci as well as for the presence of salmonellae. b. cereus could be isolated from 64 samples with numbers between 3 and 460/g (only 2 samples greater than 100/g). two samples contained coagulase-positive staphylococci (4/g each), and no sample salmonellae. growth of b. cereus in reconstituted samples with counts of less than or equal to 100/g incubate ...	1984	6433594
[growth of test microorganisms used in determining antibiotic activity on synthetic nutrient media].	the growth of gram-negative sporulating bacteria and yeast-like fungi used in a microbilogical assay of antibiotic activity was studied on solid synthetic media of simple composition. their reproduction with the microbial growth of different density was shown to be possible on media containing available and strictly standardized components, such as salts, glucose and disubstituted sodium phosphate. the cultures tested were not similar by their growth requirements.	1984	6433784
evidence for an arene oxide-nih shift pathway in the transformation of naphthalene to 1-naphthol by bacillus cereus.	bacillus cereus atcc 14579 transformed naphthalene predominately to 1-naphthol. experiments with [14c]naphthalene showed that over a 24 h period, b. cereus oxidized 5.2% of the added naphthalene. 1-naphthol accounted for approximately 80% of the total metabolites. b. cereus incubated with naphthalene under the presence of 18o2 led to the isolation of 1-naphthol that contained 94% 18o. the metabolism of [1-2h]- and [2-2h]-naphthalene by b. cereus yielded 1-naphthol which retained 95% and 94% deut ...	1984	6433850
effect of phospholipase c (bacillus cereus) on freshly isolated and 4-day-stored human platelets.	phospholipase c (from bacillus cereus) was used to study fresh and stored human platelets. provided that the enzyme was inactivated before lipid extraction, no significant degradation of phospholipid in fresh cells was noted, even when platelets were activated or induced to change shape by adp, collagen or thrombin. with platelets isolated from concentrates stored for transfusion for 4 days at 22 degrees c, membrane phospholipids were degraded by the enzyme to an extent depending on the ph in th ...	1984	6433899
an anion binding site in the active centre of phospholipase c from bacillus cereus.	the bi-zn2+-enzyme phospholipase c (bacillus cereus) is readilly inhibited by univalent anions. n.m.r. studies on the 113cd-substituted enzyme showed the presence of an inert and a perturbable metal, neither of which seemed affected by i-. x-ray crystallographic analysis showed the binding of one i- to the enzyme 4.8 a from the nearest metal (too far for a metal-halide bond). phospholipase c contains an arginine residue apparently necessary for substrate binding and i- partially protected agains ...	1984	6433934
a model for the secondary structure of beta-lactamases.	a 3-dimensional model, common for the secondary structures of four beta-lactamases obtained from escherichia coli, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus cereus and staphylococcus aureus, is proposed. the predictions of the structures were made by the hydrophobicity profiles method complemented by the modified chou and fasman's method. the model proposed presents 56% constancy and can be described as a 2-domain structure, in agreement with low resolution x-ray data reported for the e. coli enzyme. the ...	1984	6434348
salt and base sequence specific changes in the chiroptical properties of dna.	chiroptical properties of natural dna molecules differing in base composition were studied in solutions with high concentrations of monovalent sodium and caesium salts. it was found that the properties were dependent on the dna base sequence and nature of both cations and anions. a comparison with the behaviour of the synthetic molecules of dna demonstrated that the salt-induced changes in the natural molecules of dna could not be accounted for by the appearance of the left-handed z conformation ...	1984	6434373
bacillus cereus electron transport and proton motive force during aerotaxis.	aerotaxis (migration towards oxygen) of bacillus cereus m63, a motile strain, was inhibited by potassium cyanide and 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline n-oxide, indicating a requirement for both the terminal oxidase (cytochrome aa3) and the cytochrome b segment of the electron transport system. the concentration of oxygen that gave a half-maximal aerotactic response (k0.5) was 0.31 microm, which was similar to the km for respiration (0.80 microm). the proton motive force increased from -135 to -177 mv ...	1984	6434511
respiratory system of vegetative and sporulating bacillus cereus.	the composition and organization of the bacillus cereus respiratory system were studied. the abolition of nadh-dependent respiration in vegetative and sporulating cell membranes by near-uv light (360 nm) indicated that electrons reduce oxygen only through a quinone-cytochrome pathway. difference spectroscopy demonstrated the presence of cytochromes b555, c548, aa3, b562, and a2. this composition and studies with respiratory inhibitors suggested that cytochromes are organized in at least two bran ...	1984	6434526
immunologic profile of juvenile periodontitis. ii. neutrophil chemotaxis, phagocytosis and spore germination.	patients with juvenile periodontitis (jp) were grouped into one of the two recognized forms of the disease: a localized form affecting incisors and first molars (ljp) and a generalized form affecting more than 14 teeth (gjp). the role of the neutrophil in the etiology and pathogenesis of ljp has recently been recognized. experiments aimed at confirming previous information related to neutrophil chemotaxis defects in ljp were performed. additional experiments aimed at demonstrating significant di ...	1984	6434725
identification and characterization of some bacterial membrane sulfhydryl groups which are targets of bacteriostatic and antibiotic action.	covalent modification of sulfhydryl groups which become sensitive toward sulfhydryl agents during germination of bacillus cereus spores exerts a profound bacteriostatic effect, resulting in outgrowth inhibition. the modified spore components are membrane species of 13,000, 28,000, and 29,000 daltons. detergent disruption of the membrane inactivated the sulfhydryl groups. a highly sigmoid inhibition curve (n = 11.8) with diamide suggested the participation of closely neighboring sulfhydryl groups ...	1984	6436249
novel quantitative method for determination of molecular species of phospholipids and diglycerides.	a novel method is described for the quantitative analysis of subclasses (alk-1-enylacyl, alkylacyl, and diacyl types) and molecular species within each subclass of glycerophosphatides. diradylglycerols from phospholipase c hydrolysis of the phospholipids are converted to benzoate derivatives, the benzoates are separated into their respective subclasses by thin-layer chromatography, and quantitated by measuring absorbance at 230 nm. molecular species within individual subclasses are separated usi ...	1984	6436283
deoxyribose 1-phosphate: radioenzymatic and spectrophotometric assays.	a method has been developed to measure deoxyribose 1-phosphate in the presence of ribose 1-phosphate and other sugar phosphates. the specificity of the method is based on the observation that only deoxyribose 1-phosphate is hydrolyzed by heating at ph 7.4, while both deoxyribose 1-phosphate and ribose 1-phosphate remain unchanged when heated at ph 10. a tissue extract is heated at ph 10. the amount of deoxyribose 1-phosphate plus ribose 1-phosphate is determined from that of deoxyinosine plus in ...	1984	6436359
bacterial growth in artificial capillary spaces.	in experiments on the influence of microscopic capillaries on the growth of escherichia coli, brevibacterium linens, micrococcus flavus and bacillus cereus, a distinct delay in growth was observed. the difference in counts was greatest after 8 h. later a slight equilibration of counts was noted. with b. cereus, only slight or no spore formation was observed under microcapillary conditions.	1984	6437860
unusually severe food poisoning from vanilla slices.	thirty six people suffered from severe vomiting and diarrhoea 15 min to 3 h after eating vanilla slices from the same bakery. five patients were admitted to hospital, and one developed unusual skin lesions after admission. staphylococcus aureus was isolated in large numbers from vanilla slices of the same batch as those giving rise to symptoms, and from five faecal specimens obtained from affected persons. bacillus cereus and bacillus subtilis were also isolated from the slices. unbaked custard ...	1984	6438231
[an approach to estimation of internal ph of bacterial spores by 31p nuclear magnetic resonance].		1984	6438366
induction of deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolase of bacillus cereus by deoxyribonucleosides.	in bacillus cereus purine ribonucleosides and deoxyribonucleosides share a common inducible catabolic pathway, leading to the formation of ribose-5-p or deoxyribose-5-p respectively inside the cell, while the purine ring remains in the external medium. both ribo- and deoxyribonucleosides are inducers of adenosine deaminase, inosine-guanosine phosphorylase and phosphopentomutase, the enzymes of the catabolic pathway. we now show that deoxyribonucleosides, but not ribonucleosides, induce the aldol ...	1984	6439205
an outbreak of bacillus cereus food poisoning in a school hostel, klang.		1984	6439984
some microbiological aspects of inedible rendering processes.	various aspects of the bacteriology of inedible rendering have been investigated in order to establish a solid basis for future decisions concerning an up-to-date and flexible legislation on rendering. thermal death (td)-graphs for spores of b. cereus and cl. perfrigens, pa 3679 (fig. 3), and heat transmission equations for animal tissues have been determined. by using the heat transmission data for bones and the td graphs for the spores it is possible to predict the decimal reductions of spores ...	1984	6441385
mycocerein, a novel antifungal peptide antibiotic produced by bacillus cereus.	a peptide was obtained from culture filtrates of a bacterium which was newly isolated and tentatively named bacillus cereus sw. the peptide was composed of asx, ser, glx, leu, tyr, pro, and an unknown amino acid in a ratio of 2:1:1:1:1:1:1, but, unless hydrolyzed with hci, it was ninhydrin reaction negative. the peptide effectively inhibited the growth of all fungi and yeasts so far examined, whereas it inhibited none of the bacteria tested.	1984	6441513
[contamination, biotype and serotype of bacillus cereus in food].		1984	6441694
[microflora of sea shellfish].		1984	6442255
entomopathogenic spore-formers from soil samples of mosquito habitats in northern nigeria.	spore-forming bacteria, isolated from bottom soil samples of periodical mosquito-breeding places in kaduna, n. nigeria, were tested for mosquito pathogenicity. culex pipiens autogenicus was used for this screening. five strains, all of the bacillus thuringiensis group, were active in 85 isolates from 32 samples. the isolates were from three different serotypes (h-14, h-5a5c, and h-8a8b). the activity, compared with the sip standard, was in the known limits of b. thuringiensis israelensis.	1984	6426190
heat-induced temperature sensitivity of outgrowing bacillus cereus spores.	inactivation of bacillus cereus spores during cooling (10 degrees c/h) from 90 degrees c occurred in two phases. one phase occurred during cooling from 90 to 80 degrees c; the second occurred during cooling from 46 to 38 degrees c. in contrast, no inactivation occurred when spores were cooled from a maximum temperature of 80 degrees c. inactivation of spores at a constant temperature of 45 degrees c was induced by initial heat treatments from 80 to 90 degrees c. the higher temperatures accelerat ...	1984	6426390
bacillus cereus enterotoxins: present status.		1984	6427037
diprotins a and b, inhibitors of dipeptidyl aminopeptidase iv, produced by bacteria.		1984	6427168
occurrence of bacillus cereus in milk and milk products in egypt.	the presence of b. cereus spores in raw, pasteurized, and dry milk as well as in damietta and processed cheese and in a baby food product was investigated, using three selective agar media for enumeration. the organism was detected in 70, 90, and 50% of milk, in processed and damietta cheese samples, respectively. spore counts varied from 10(2) to 10(6) and from 10 to 10(2)/ml of raw and pasteurized milk, respectively. in the two types of cheese and dried milk spore densities reached 10 to 10(3) ...	1984	6428076
factors affecting germination and growth of bacillus cereus spores in milk.	the effect of salt concentration, acidity, and storage temperature on the spore germination of bacillus cereus and the growth rate of the organism was investigated. increasing the amount of salt to more than 5% or acidifying the milk to ph 5.0 or 4.5 greatly affected the germination and growth of b. cereus spores. when a culture of streptococcus lactis was used as an acidifying agent, b. cereus showed a normal growth rate during the first 12 h, followed by a sharpe reduction in numbers. when b. ...	1984	6428077
glycosidase activities of bacillus anthracis.	bacillus anthracis could be distinguished from the taxonomically related species b. cereus, b. mycoides, and b. thuringiensis by a comparison of glycosidase activities. all the bacilli tested possessed alpha-glucosidase activity, as evidenced by the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl-alpha-d-glucoside. in b. anthracis, the glucosidase activity could be enhanced by the addition of agents which damage cellular surface structures. treatment of b. anthracis strains with toluene. triton x-100, or mutanolysi ...	1984	6429187
bacillus cereus as agent of peritonitis during peritoneal dialysis.		1984	6429559
[bacillus cereus infection in newborn infants].		1984	6429745
bacillus cereus meningitis and bacteremia associated with an ommaya reservoir in a patient with lymphoma.	after placement of an ommaya reservoir, meningitis and bacteremia due to bacillus cereus occurred in a patient with stage iv lymphoblastic lymphoma and meningeal involvement. bacillus species have been implicated as meningeal pathogens after lumbar punctures. these organisms have become an important cause of severe infection, especially in immunologically compromised patients.	1984	6429866
[medical aspects of elaboration of microbiological criteria for evaluating the quality and principles of microbiological standards of dried milk and other mixtures for children in the first year of life].	the author demonstrates the ability of st. aureus, e. coli o iii, b. cereus and other opportunistic microorganisms to multiply in model media similar to those in the alimentary tract of children of the first year of life. describes the principal differences between microbiological criteria of evaluating the quality and safety of infant food mixtures and other products intended for children of the first year of life and these criteria for consumer goods. emphasizes that food mixtures for infant n ...	1984	6429954
rapid assay for tetracycline in premixes and mixed feeds.	a rapid assay for tetracyclines in premixes and mixed feeds is described, which uses the extraction and dilution systems of aoac methods, and a strain of bacillus stearothermophilus atcc 12980 selected to grow at 40 degrees c. the incubation period is 4.5 h. the rapid assay yields results similar to those obtained using the aoac methods. for a 50 g chlortetracycline (ctc)/lb commercial premix, the rapid procedure averaged 109.2% of label vs 104.4% obtained using the aoac method; for a 20 g ctc/l ...	1984	6430864
[bacillus cereus: a wound contaminant but also a causative agent of severe general infections?].		1984	6431304
transitory uv resistance during germination of uv-sensitive spores produced by a mutant of bacillus cereus 569.		1984	6431457
[the hygienic significance of aerobic sporulating microbes].		1984	6431683
enzyme-linked lectinosorbent assay (ella) for detecting bacillus anthracis.	an enzyme-linked lectinosorbent assay (ella) has been developed for the rapid identification of bacillus anthracis. using two different lectin-conjugates, the ella test can differentiate bacillus anthracis from closely related species, such as bacillus cereus and bacillus cereus var. mycoides, in approximately two hours. in addition to having high specificity, the test can also detect small numbers of the bacterium.	1984	6432529
the binding and hydrolysis of sphingomyelin by phospholipase c (bacillus cereus) as shown by 31p nmr.	31p nuclear magnetic resonance studies showed that heavily inactivated phospholipase c (bacillus cereus) initially caused line broadening in the 31p resonance from sphingomyelin thus indicating enzyme-lipid association. using larger amounts of enzyme or longer preincubation caused a displacement of the 31p resonance to a position suggesting phosphorylcholine formation. incubation of the heavily inactivated enzyme with a phosphonolipid caused a displacement of the 31p resonance suggesting hydroly ...	1984	6432601
enzyme immunoassays in which biotinillated beta-lactamase is used for the detection of microbial antigens.	the performance characteristics of enzyme immunoassays are determined to a great extent by the enzyme-substrate system utilized for the immunoassay. beta-lactamases (penicillin amido-beta-lactamhydrolase ec 3.5.2.6) offer a number of advantages which might make them useful in immunoassay systems. we linked beta-lactamase from bacillus cereus with biotin and used the biotinillated enzyme to devise immunoassay systems for the detection of a number of microbial antigens. an assay system in which an ...	1984	6325489
comparative study of the nature and biological activities of bacterial enterotoxins.	it is apparent that there are considerable similarities between many of the enterotoxins produced by enteric pathogens. although the effect of most of these toxins is restricted to the intestine in vivo, many cells are also sensitive to intoxication in vitro. the resultant in-vitro biochemical changes may have no pathological significance but serve to underline the central role of cyclic nucleotides in cellular fluid regulation. the biological activity of these enterotoxins is the result of inte ...	1984	6327986
physiological responses of bacillus species to concanavalin a. 2. effect on growth, oxygen uptake, enzyme activities and intracellular cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate level of b. cereus atcc 14579.	the effect of the mitogen concanavalin a (con a) on growth and several physiological aspects of bacillus cereus atcc 14579 was investigated. con a at concentrations ranging from 50 to 750 micrograms/ml stimulated growth (the growth rate increased from 0.52/h to 0.97/h, and final yield increased by 2.3-fold over the control) of the bacterial cells. con a-treated cells also increased their oxygen uptake (1.6-fold increase when treated with 750 micrograms/ml of con a). the activities of the membran ...	1984	6328227
[history of clostridium perfringens food poisoning].		1984	6328647
metabolic change in cultured gingival fibroblasts exposed to bacterial extracts. stimulation of hyaluronic acid synthesis.		1984	6235339
the microbiology of selected retail food products with an evaluation of viable counting methods.	in an inter-laboratory survey, the pour plate, surface spread, agar droplet and spiral plate methods were used in parallel with the surface drop method for enumeration of micro-organisms in foods. good agreement was obtained between all surface methods of enumeration, but there was poor agreement between molten agar methods and the surface drop method. a total of 1143 samples of food that were ready for consumption at the point of retail sale were examined. eight types of food products were chos ...	1984	6319486
cooperative changes in the chiroptical properties of dna induced by methanol.		1984	6421338
changes in membrane-associated proteins during sporulation in bacillus subtilis.	membrane proteins from vegetative and sporulating cells of bacillus subtilis were separated by the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis system using isoelectric focusing and sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (o'farrell technique). membrane proteins were isolated according to published procedures. the gels were stained with coomassie blue. three different concentrations of proteins were analyzed to detect even minor constituents. over two hundred different membrane proteins ...	1984	6421583
isolation and some properties of an enterotoxin produced by bacillus cereus.	extracellular proteins produced by bacillus cereus b-4ac were separated by chromatography on amberlite cg-400, qae-sephadex, sephadex g-75, and hydroxylapatite. a fraction, containing three detectable antigens, obtained from chromatography on hydroxylapatite caused fluid accumulation in ligated rabbit ileal loops, was dermonecrotic to rabbit skin, was cytotoxic to cultured cells, and was lethal to mice after intravenous injection. two other fractions obtained from chromatography on hydroxylapati ...	1984	6421739
interspecies transduction of plasmids among bacillus anthracis, b. cereus, and b. thuringiensis.	bacteriophage cp-51, a generalized transducing phage for bacillus anthracis, b. cereus, and b. thuringiensis, mediates transduction of plasmid dna. b. cereus gp7 harbors the 2.8-megadalton multicopy tetracycline resistance plasmid, pbc16. b. thuringiensis 4d11a carries pc194, the 1.8-megadalton multicopy chloramphenicol resistance plasmid. when phage cp-51 was propagated on these strains, it transferred the plasmid-encoded antibiotic resistances to the nonvirulent weybridge (sterne) strain of b. ...	1984	6421798
a case of septicaemia caused by bacillus cereus.		1984	6423383
purification of beta-lactamases by affinity chromatography on phenylboronic acid-agarose.	several beta-lactamases, enzymes that play an important part in antibiotic resistance, have been purified by affinity chromatography on boronic acid gels. the procedure is rapid, appears to be selective for beta-lactamases, and allows a one-step purification of large amounts of enzyme from crude cell extracts. we have found the method useful for any beta-lactamase that is inhibited by boronic acids. two kinds of boronic acid column have been prepared, the more hydrophobic one being reserved for ...	1984	6332621
[microbiological study of spices. i. oregano].	a total of 150 oregano samples from 6 different trade marks were studied. these samples were obtained at retail shops in buenos aires city and they were analyzed in order to determine the presence of the following microorganisms: 1) mesophilic aerobic plate count; 2) molds; 3) coliforms and fecal coliforms; 4) enterococci; 5) aerobes sporeforming: a) mesophilic aerobes; a1) total aerobes; a2) mesophilic anaerobes; b) thermophilic; b1) sulfide spoilage sporeformers; b2) total aerobes; b3) thermo- ...	1984	6336363
selection of a beta-amylase-producing strain and its fermentation conditions.		1984	6084437
an sau3 ai restriction endonuclease isoschizomer from bacillus cereus.	the isolation and characterization of a restriction endonuclease from bacillus cereus ioc 243 are described. the enzyme recognizes the palindromic sequence 5'-g(met-a,a)tc-3' as determined by pei chromatography of pancreatic dnase, snake venom phosphodiesterase digestion products of labelled fragments, analysis of restriction digests from normal and n6-methyladenine-free dna and direct sequence analysis of cloned fragments. the staggered cleavage products with 5' -terminal pgatc extensions are e ...	1984	6086403
structural studies of fc receptors. v. effect of phospholipase c treatment on the binding activities of the fc receptor of macrophage or its isolated plasma membrane.	the effect of phospholipase c treatment on the binding activity of the fc receptor of guinea pig macrophage was studied to analyze the interaction of the fc receptor with membrane phospholipids necessary for the activity. it was confirmed by subcellular fractionation that the receptor is localized on the plasma membrane. treatment of the whole cell or isolated plasma membrane with phospholipase c of clostridium perfringens diminished the binding of soluble igg2-immune complex to fc receptors on ...	1984	6088472
steroidogenic effect of exogenous phospholipase c on bovine adrenal fasciculata cells.	phospholipase c (bacillus cereus) added to the incubation medium stimulated the steroidogenic activity of bovine adrenal zona fasciculata cell suspensions to a level similar to that induced by optimal concentration of acth. this effect was not related to an increase of cyclic amp; it was calcium-dependent and was also induced by an other bacterial phospholipase c (from clostridium perfringens) whereas phospholipases a2 and d were ineffective. phospholipid metabolism was examined in these cells a ...	1984	6089796
evidence for the role of calcium and diacylglycerol as dual second messengers in thyrotropin-releasing hormone action: involvement of diacylglycerol.	trh stimulates the secretion of prl by clonal gh3 pituitary cells. the studies of the accompanying paper have shown that the secretory response during the first 30-60 min is biphasic (phase i, 0-3 min; phase ii, 5-60 min) and that the phase i response may be mediated through mechanisms involving ca+2 translocation. in previous studies, it has been shown that trh treatment rapidly induces the breakdown of inositol phospholipids with accompanying diacylglycerol accumulation. in this paper, we pres ...	1984	6090104
[enterotoxins of bacillus cereus and clostridium perfringens].		1984	6097703
ph dependence and solvent deuterium oxide kinetic isotope effects on bacillus cereus beta-lactamase i catalyzed reactions.	the solvent kinetic isotope effects (skie's) on k(cat) (d(v)) and on k(cat/km[d(v/k)] were determined for the bacillus cereus beta-lactamase i catalyzed hydrolysis of five substrates that have values of k(cat)/k(m) varying over the range (0.014-46.3) x 10(6)m(-1) s(-1) and of k(cat) between 0.5 and 2019 s(-1). the variation of d(v/k) was only from 1.06 to 1.25 among these compounds and that in d(v) was from 1.50 to 2.16. these results require that dk(1), the skie on the enzyme-substrate associat ...	1984	11494985
anomalous ph dependence of the reactions of carbenicillin and sulbenicillin with bacillus cereus beta-lactamase i. influence of the alpha-substituent charge on the kinetic parameters.	the ph dependence of k(cat) for the bacillus cereus beta-lactamase i catalyzed hydrolysis of carbenicillin(vi), which differs from benzylpenicillin (i) in having a carboxylic moiety alpha to the phenyl ring, exhibits a profile consistent with a model in which the alpha-cooh and alpha-coo forms of the es complex turn over with respective rate constants of 2152 s(-1) and 384 s(-1). the pk(a)(app) for the alpha-cooh is shifted from 3.2 in solution to 6.1 in the es complex. the normalized k(cat)/k(m ...	1984	11491128
diffusion-limited component of reactions catalyzed by bacillus cereus beta-lactamase i.	the bacillus cereus beta-lactamase i catalyzes the hydrolysis of a wide variety of penicillins and cephalosporins with values of k(cat)/k(m) varying over several orders of magnitude. the values of this parameter for the most reactive of these compounds, benzylpenicillin, i, and furylacryloyl-penicillin, ii (k(cat)/k(m) = 2.43 x 10(7) m(-1) s(-1) and 2.35 x 10(7) m(-1) s(-1), respectively, at ph 7.0 in potassium phosphate buffer containing 0.17 m kcl, i(c) = 0.63, 25 degrees c) are decreased mark ...	1984	11491129
action of phospholipase c (bacillus cereus) on isolated myelin sheath preparations.	the action of phospholipase c (bacillus cereus) on the phospholipids of myelin sheath preparations has been investigated. with freshly isolated bovine brain myelin about 40% of the total phospholipid could be hydrolyzed by this enzyme. with bovine spinal cord myelin the phospholipid seemed more resistant to attack whereas the opposite was the case with myelin from guinea-pig brain or rat brain. with fresh bovine brain myelin, phosphatidylcholine and the ethanolamine-containing phospholipids were ...	1984	20488038
inhibition of phospholipases by met-leu-phe-ile-leu-ile-lys-arg-ser-arg-his-phe, c terminus of middle-sized tumor antigen.	the n and c terminals and tyrosine-phosphorylating site of the middle-sized tumor antigen of polyoma virus were chemically synthesized. the sequences of these peptides were met-asp-arg-val-leu-ser-arg-ala-asp-lys (n-mt), met-leu-phe-ile-leu-ile-lys-arg-ser-arg-his-phe (c-mt), and glu-glu-glu-glu-tyr-met-pro-met-glu (mt-tyr), respectively. among these peptides, the c-mt peptide inhibited phospholipase a2 (ec 3.1.1.4), phospholipase c (ec 3.1.4.3), and phospholipase d (ec 3.1.4.4). in addition, ph ...	1985	2857079
enterococci in lambs.		1985	2862641
regulation and properties of glutamine synthetase purified from bacillus cereus.	the glutamine synthetase from bacillus cereus ifo 3131 was purified to homogeneity. the enzyme is a dodecamer with a molecular weight of approximately 600,000, and its subunit molecular weight is 50,000. both mg2+ and mn2+ activated the enzyme as to the biosynthesis of l-glutamine, but, unlike in the case of the e. coli enzyme, the mg2+-dependent activity was stimulated by the addition of mn2+. the highest activity was obtained when 20 mm mg2+ and 0.5 mm mn2+ were added to the assay mixture. for ...	1985	2867996
antibacterial effect of lactoperoxidase and myeloperoxidase against bacillus cereus.	an oral periodontopathic bacterium, bacillus cereus, was inhibited both by lactoperoxidase (lp) and myeloperoxidase (mp) antimicrobial systems. with the lp-scn--h2o2 system, the growth inhibition was directly proportional to the amount of oscn- ions present. the oscn-, which is the principal oxidation product of the lp (or mp)-scn--h2o2 system at neutral ph, is a normal component of human saliva. the oxidation products of both peroxidase systems inhibited the growth of the bacteria. this inhibit ...	1985	2984983
structural studies on the acidic polysaccharide of bacillus cereus ahu 1356 cell walls.	structural studies were carried out on the acidic polymer fraction isolated from lysozyme digests of the n-acetylated cell walls of bacillus cereus ahu 1356. the acidic polymer fraction contained glucosamine, galactose, rhamnose, glycerol and phosphorus in a molar ratio of 1:1:2:1:1, together with small amounts of glycopeptide components and muramic acid 6-phosphate. the hydrogen fluoride treatment led to removal of glycerol and phosphorus from the polymer without loss of other components. resul ...	1985	2986963
cloning and sequencing of the beta-lactamase i gene of bacillus cereus 5/b and its expression in bacillus subtilis.	the beta-lactamases of bacillus cereus have attracted interest because they are secreted efficiently, because multiple enzymes are frequently present, and because their regulation has unusual features. beta-lactamase i of strain 5/b is produced constitutively at a high level, and the exoenzyme appears to be several thousand daltons larger than the corresponding product of strain 569/h. we have cloned the gene for 5/b beta-lactamase i in escherichia coli and b. subtilis and have sequenced the str ...	1985	2991192
metabolism of exogenous nucleosides in bacillus cereus and escherichia coli.		1985	2997081
mechanisms of exogenous purine nucleotide utilization in bacillus cereus.		1985	3000698
catalase, superoxide dismutase, and the production of o2-sensitive mutants of bacillus coagulans.	a number of facultatively anaerobic members of the genus bacillus were screened for their catalase, diaminobenzidine peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities. a strain of bacillus coagulans (7050) lacking peroxidatic activity and containing single catalatic and superoxide dismutase activities was selected. responses of the superoxide dismutase activity and catalase level to the partial pressure of oxygen, and fe and mn levels, as well as to aerobic and fermentative metabolism, were determ ...	1985	3004685
sigma 29-like protein is a common sporulation-specific element in bacteria of the genus bacillus.	a monoclonal antibody specific for an antigenic determinant on the bacillus subtilis sporulation-induced sigma factor sigma 29 reacted with proteins similar in size to sigma 29 in extracts of sporulating bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquifaciens, bacillus cereus, bacillus natto, and bacillus pumilus but not in extracts prepared from vegetatively growing cultures of these bacteria. these results indicate that rna polymerase modifications, initially described for b. subtilis, are likely t ...	1985	2415506
heterogeneity of 5s rna in fungal ribosomes.	neurospora crassa has at least seven types of 5s rna genes (alpha, beta, gamma, epsilon, delta, zeta, and eta) with different coding regions. a high resolution gel electrophoresis system was developed to separate minor 5s rna's from the major 5s rna (alpha). a study of several neurospora crassa strains, four other species in the genus neurospora, members of two closely related genera, and three distantly related genera demonstrated that 5s rna heterogeneity is common among fungi. in addition, di ...	1985	2579431
[dry nutrient medium for determining the lecithinase activity of bacillus cereus].		1985	2581021
murine monoclonal anti-dna autoantibodies bind to endogenous bacteria.	several bacterial species (including streptococcus faecalis, bacillus cereus, staphylococcus aureus, and escherichia coli) were tested for their ability to react with monoclonal anti-dna antibodies that were derived from mrl-lpr/lpr mice. s. faecalis reacted with 8/15 of such antibodies. the binding was unaffected by dnase, but it was competitively inhibited by dna. f(ab')2 fragments of the monoclonal antibodies reacted with the bacteria, but fc fragments did not. phospholipids extracted from th ...	1985	3874226
processing of bacillus cereus 569/h beta-lactamase i in escherichia coli and bacillus subtilis.	the gene for bacillus cereus 569/h beta-lactamase i, penpc, has recently been cloned and sequenced (mézes, p. s. f., yang, y. q., hussain, m., and lampen, j. o. (1983) febs lett. 161, 195-200). a typical prokaryotic signal peptide but with no lipoprotein modification site, as present in the bacillus licheniformis 749/c beta-lactamase, was indicated by the dna sequence for this secretory protein. we have here purified the beta-lactamase i products found in escherichia coli and bacillus subtilis c ...	1985	3918030