Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| a phase ii trial of methotrexate, cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and leucovorin in the treatment of invasive and metastatic urothelial carcinoma. | the current treatment of advanced urothelial carcinoma generates high response rates but is associated with poor overall survival. the current study evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of a new combination of active drugs in the treatment of urothelial carcinoma. | 1999 | 10506721 |
| histology and aspiration cytology of benign thyroid diseases. | the thyroid is an endocrine gland involved in the homeostatic regulation of the organism by means of its products, the hormones thyroxine (t4) and triiodothyronine (t3). its basic morphologic unit is the follicle, composed of thyrocytes producing the inactive hormonal form thyroglobulin which is stored in the center of the follicle. the diseases affecting the thyroid are classified into benign and malignant. benign diseases include goiter, either diffuse (graves' disease when hyperfunctioning) o ... | 1999 | 10509125 |
| thyrotoxicosis: clinical and laboratory assessment. | thyroid hormones are triiodothyronine (t3) and thyroxine (t4). the hypophysial thyrotropic hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone (tsh) is their physiologic regulator. thyrotoxicosis is characterized by clinical symptoms caused by high thyroid hormone concentrations. the commonest forms are: 1) toxic diffuse goiter (basedow-flajani-graves disease), 2) toxic multinodular goiter, 3) toxic adenoma. other less frequent forms are the iodide-induced, that during hashimoto thyroiditis, that from inapprop ... | 1999 | 10509130 |
| dose- and age-dependent alterations in choline acetyltransferase (chat) activity, learning and memory, and thyroid hormones in 15- and 30-day old rats exposed to 1.25 or 12.5 ppm polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) beginning at conception. | 1. polychlorinated biphenyls (pcb) were released into the environment through improper disposal for decades, causing widespread contamination. slow biodegradation and lipophilic properties of pcb caused its persistence and concentration through food webs. exposure to these environmental contaminants through maternal transfer during early development has been associated with neurological and endocrinological alterations in several different organisms. 2. the present study extended a preliminary i ... | 1999 | 10509384 |
| severe symptoms following a massive intentional l-thyroxine ingestion. | l-thyroxine (t4) is commonly prescribed medication for hypothyroidism in humans and animals. overdose has generally resulted in limited symptomatology managed with sedatives and beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists. we describe the largest acute t4 ingestion ever reported, which resulted in a profound thyrotoxicosis, resistant to treatment. a 34-y-old man ingested 900 (0.8 mg) tablets of veterinary t4 (720 mg) and was given 60 g of activated charcoal. he became lethargic on post-ingestion days 2 ... | 1999 | 10509439 |
| viral encephalopathy and retinopathy of farmed marine fish species in italy. | viral encephalopathy and retinopathy, otherwise known as fish encephalitis or viral nervous necrosis (vnn), is an emerging problem in several farmed marine fish species in various geographic areas all over the world. since summer 1995, heavy losses affecting mainly juvenile and adult sea bass (dicentrarchus labrax) have been observed in several on-growing facilities in italy. dying fish show abnormal swimming behaviour and, at temperatures higher than 20-22 degrees c, mortality rates range betwe ... | 1999 | 10509726 |
| correlation between maternal thyroid function tests and endothelin in preeclampsia-eclampsia. | to investigate the relationship between results of maternal thyroid function tests and endothelin levels in preeclamptic or eclamptic women. | 1999 | 10511357 |
| [nucleic acid syntheses and molecular recognition]. | syntheses of nucleic acids are of importance not only in the natural product chemistry but also in the molecular recognition study in biology. this review describes syntheses of rna and dna, which were found to be related each other. deoxyinosine probes were developed for cloning genes with degenerated codons. synthetic genes for c-ha-ras and t4 endonuclease v provided new approaches in recognition of nucleic acids by proteins. antibodies specific for photo-damaged pyrimidines in dna have been s ... | 1999 | 10511816 |
| insulin resistance during puberty: results from clamp studies in 357 children. | insulin resistance may be an important cause of a constellation of cardiovascular risk factors in adults, and onset of this syndrome may occur in childhood. however, children normally experience transient insulin resistance at puberty. there were 357 normal children (159 girls, 198 boys) age 10-14 years who underwent euglycemic clamp studies to assess the effects of tanner stage (t), sex, ethnicity, and bmi on insulin resistance. insulin resistance increased immediately at the onset of puberty ( ... | 1999 | 10512371 |
| structural analysis of a non-contiguous second-site revertant in t4 lysozyme shows that increasing the rigidity of a protein can enhance its stability. | the mutation glu108-->val (e108v) in t4 lysozyme was previously isolated as a second-site revertant that specifically compensated for the loss of function associated with the destabilizing substitution leu99-->gly (l99g). surprisingly, the two sites are 11 a apart, with leu99 in the core and glu108 on the surface of the protein. in order to better understand this result we have carried out a detailed thermodynamic, enzymatic and structural analysis of these mutant lysozymes as well as a related ... | 1999 | 10512706 |
| assessment of extensive surgery for locally advanced lung cancer. safety and efficacy of induction therapy. | locally advanced lung cancer has a poor prognosis, despite extensive surgery conducted in an effort to improve survival. we evaluated the safety and efficacy of induction therapy prior to extensive surgery for locally advanced lung cancer. | 1999 | 10513134 |
| [analysis of the long-term survived patients with p-n2 non-small cell lung cancer]. | we had 308 patients with p-n2 non-small cell lung cancer who were treated with pulmonary resection therapy from june 1975 to march 1994. we analysed 9 patients who could survive for 5 years and more after the operation. all of them were male and the mean age was 61.1 years. histologically, 2 patients had adenocarcinoma and 7 patients had squamous cell carcinoma. the clinical staging was t2n1m0 in 2 patients, t1n2m0 in one, t2n2m0 in 2, t3n2m0 in 2, and t4n2m0 in 2 patients. the histopathological ... | 1999 | 10513155 |
| comparison of ribcage and posteroanterior thoracic spine stiffness: an investigation of the normal response. | evaluation of the movement response to posteroanterior (pa) loads applied to the spinous processes is a recognized part of the physical examination of the thoracic spine. during this clinical procedure the thoracic spine is supported by the ribcage which may contribute to the movement response. however, the contribution of ribcage stiffness to the pa stiffness of the thoracic spine has not been established. the purpose of this study was to measure the pa stiffness of the thoracic spine and compa ... | 1999 | 10513446 |
| effects of thyroid hormones on the release of calcitonin gene-related peptide (cgrp) by rat prostate glands in vitro. | it has been well known that calcitonin (ct) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (cgrp) are derived from the ct/cgrp gene which is localized in chromosome 11. cgrp is a 37-amino acid neuropeptide expressed predominantly in the nervous system and is one of the most potent endogenous vasodilatory peptides that have been found. only few reports described the distribution of cgrp in reproductive organs. moreover, the hormonal regulation of cgrp secretion is still not clear. the present study was desi ... | 1999 | 10513604 |
| [first-line chemo-radiotherapy neoadjuvant treatment in locally advanced (t4) epidermoid carcinoma of the esophagus]. | in the period 1993-1997 we performed two phase ii pilot studies of first-line chemo-radiotherapy in patients with locally advanced (t4) scc of the esophagus. the first protocol (3 cycles of ddp-vp16 + 45 gy) was used in 37 patients: toxicity was not negligible; a clinical tumor downstaging was obtained in 54% of cases; an r0 resection surgery was performed in 40% of patients. the overall median survival of the whole group of 37 patients was 11 months, while it was > 36 months for patients underg ... | 1999 | 10514923 |
| effect of divergent selection for total plasma phosphorus on plasma and yolk very low density lipoproteins and plasma concentrations of selected hormones in laying japanese quail. | japanese quail lines were divergently selected over 32 generations for laying hen plasma yolk precursor, as measured by total plasma phosphorus (tpp). the high (hp) and low (lp) lines were developed from a randombred control population (r1) that was maintained without conscious selection. the purpose of the present study was to characterize the composition of very low density lipoproteins (vldl) in laying japanese quail hens (vldly) and the concentration of selected hormones in laying hens from ... | 1999 | 10515352 |
| gene silencing-mediated resistance in transgenic tobacco plants carrying potato virus y coat protein gene. | unlike other pathogens, plant viruses are hardly controlled by chemical agents. potato virus y (pvy) is distributed around the world, and causes a great loss economically. in an attempt to minimize the damage by viruses, the pvy coat protein (cp) gene was introduced into tobacco by agrobacterium-mediated transformation. a significant proportion of the transgenic plants displayed resistance to pvy and showed substantially decreased cp transgene expression at both protein and steady-state mrna lev ... | 1999 | 10515600 |
| [discrimination and specific degradation of mrnas: a new turn with t4 phage gene silencing]. | 1999 | 10517104 | |
| streptomyces genomes: circular genetic maps from the linear chromosomes. | streptomyces chromosomes are linear dna molecules and yet their genetic maps based on linkage analysis are circular. the only other known examples of this phenomenon are in the bacteriophages t2 and t4, the linear genomic sequences of which are circularly permuted and terminally redundant, and in which replication intermediates include long concatemers. these structural and functional features are not found in streptomyces. instead, the circularity of streptomyces genetic maps appears to be caus ... | 1999 | 10517574 |
| [correlation of ultrasound and radioisotope studies in subacute de quervain thyroiditis]. | the first report on ultrasonic findings in subacute thyroiditis was published in 1975 (1). more detailed studies combining ultrasonographic and clinical findings are still missing. the present paper compares echostructure of the thyroid gland with the level of hormones--triiodthyronine (t3), thyroxine (t4), thyroidstimulating hormone (tsh) and thyroglobulin (tg) and thyroglobulin autoantibodies (tg-ab). | 1999 | 10518399 |
| capselect: a highly sensitive method for 5' cap-dependent enrichment of full-length cdna in pcr-mediated analysis of mrnas. | here we present capselect as a novel experimental approach for the selective enrichment of full-length cdnas in pcr-mediated analysis of mrna sequences. the method combines the 5'-cap-dependent addition of specifically three to four non-templated dcmp residues to the 3'-end of full-length cdnas by reverse transcriptases in the presence of manganese and the controlled ribonucleotide tailing of cdna ends by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase using ratp. by virtue of the generated terminal seque ... | 1999 | 10518626 |
| [delayed toxicity of brief preoperative irradiation and risk-adjusted postoperative radiotherapy of operative rectal carcinoma. results of a randomized prospective study]. | analysis of a randomized study of preoperative radiation therapy for operable carcinoma of the rectum with regard to late sequelae. results of tumor control and survival, which have already been published in detail are summarized for comparison and for confirmation of the conclusions. | 1999 | 10518976 |
| tumor-doubling time and onset of pulmonary metastasis from adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary gland. | adenoid cystic carcinoma (acc), an uncommon malignancy in the head and neck region, invades diffusely and often metastasizes to the lung, although the growth rate is very slow. a retrospective study was conducted in 30 patients with acc to ascertain the frequency of pulmonary metastasis, the doubling time of metastatic tumor deposits, and the time of onset for pulmonary metastasis. the following results were obtained: (1) of 30 patients with acc, 21 had pulmonary metastases (4 initially and 17 d ... | 1999 | 10519758 |
| effects of induced hypothyroidism on ovarian response to superovulation in brahman (bos indicus) cows. | to evaluate the effects of hypothyroidism on ovarian function, multiparous, nonlactating brahman cows (n = 18) were assigned randomly to dietary treatments containing either 0 (c; n = 9) or 4 mg x kg bw(-1) x d(-1) 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil (ptu; n = 9), to suppress thyroid function, in the feed concentrate. weekly changes in bw and body condition score (bcs) were recorded. dietary treatments began on d 10 of the estrous cycle. ten days after the first treatment estrus, all cows received daily i.m ... | 1999 | 10521037 |
| the relative influence of vertebral body and intervertebral disc shape on thoracic kyphosis. | the aim of this study was to quantify the morphology or shape of thoracic vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs, and to examine the ex vivo association of thoracic kyphosis with these shape parameters. | 1999 | 10521627 |
| thyroid function, morphology and prevalence of thyroid disease in a population-based study of danish centenarians. | to investigate thyroid function, morphology, and autoimmunity in relation to physical function in an unselected population of centenarians. | 1999 | 10522958 |
| early, late symptoms and histological type of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. | after a wide literature review, we retrospectively analyzed the accurately recorded early onset and late symptoms at first diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (npc) in a series of 85 patients. thirty-seven (44%) and 48 (56%) of cases had a squamous (scc) and undifferentiated (ucnt) histological npc subtype, respectively. thirteen (15%), 21 (25%) and 51 (60%) of cases were t2, t3 and t4, respectively. the involvement of locoregional lymph nodes resulted significantly more frequent in ucnt with ... | 1999 | 10523718 |
| hydrogastric sonography in the preoperative staging of gastric cancer. | depth of wall invasion is the main prognostic factor in gastric cancer. we studied the utility of hydrogastric sonography in the evaluation of transmural infiltration by gastric cancer. | 1999 | 10525211 |
| [renal tumor embolization]. | today the relevance of renal tumor embolization is not determined only by the technical and clinical success of the method. progress in diagnosis of early stages of renal carcinomas as well as the improvement of both surgical techniques and anesthetic procedures have lead to a change in the selection of patients for embolization. preoperative embolization of advanced renal cell carcinomas with tumor thrombus into the vena cava or of t4 tumors is now an established clinical procedure. the complet ... | 1999 | 10525637 |
| [thyroid autoantibodies in depressive disorders]. | whereas clinical relevant hypo- as well as hyperthyreosis are strongly suspected to induce psychiatric symptoms, there is a controversy about the relevance of only subclinical and autoimmune findings. we found autoantibodies (mak, tak, trak) in a high percentage (100 out of 144 = 70%) in severely depressed inpatients. also we found a hashimoto thyreoiditis in 5 patients. in the long run this may lead to relevant hypothyreosis which is regarded to be a risk factor for depression and for possible ... | 1999 | 10526630 |
| [administration of thyroid hormones in therapy of psychiatric illnesses]. | this review tries to give the state of the art of the therapeutic use of thyroid hormones in psychiatric disorders, mainly in depression. four hypotheses suggest an effect in these ailments: 1) a local relative t4 excess present (or better postulated to be present) in the brain of depressed patients is lowered by triiodothyronine (t3), by lowering serum levels of thyroxine (t4), 2) the effect of a depression-mediated cerebral lack of catecholamines is compensated by the t3/t4 induced activation ... | 1999 | 10526631 |
| [thyroid gland and sleep]. | a set of data suggests that the thyroid gland plays a role in the bi-directional interaction between the electrophysiological and the endocrine components of sleep, e.g. the nonrem-rem-cycle and the patterns of nocturnal hormone secretion, respectively. in detail thyroid-stimulating hormone (tsh) and thyroxin (t4) show circadian rhythms. a specific relationship was observed between tsh and rem sleep. blunted tsh levels were found in healthy elderly subjects and, probably due to overactivity of c ... | 1999 | 10526632 |
| transoral carbon dioxide laser resection of supraglottic carcinoma. | between 1981 and 1994, 34 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the supraglottis were treated by transoral carbon dioxide laser resection, 12 of them palliatively. additional treatment included neck dissection in 21 patients and radiotherapy in 24 patients. the 3-year overall survival was 62%, and the actuarial survival 80%. the overall survival for t1 and t2 tumors was 71%, and that for t3 and t4 tumors was 47%. the overall 3-year survival for the early stages, i and ii, was 88%, and that fo ... | 1999 | 10527270 |
| pre-operative chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer. | the aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness and toxicity of pre-operative chemoradiation in locally advanced rectal cancer (t3-t4). | 1999 | 10527353 |
| hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis status of humans during development of ageing process. | we have investigated hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid function in four groups of healthy elderly male humans. group a (n=18, age range 20-45 years) served as healthy younger controls, group b (n=10, age range 50-60 years), group c (n=15, age range 60-70 years) and group d (n=16, age range 70-85 years) are the subjects of this study. groups c and d showed significantly lower t3 and thyroid-stimulating hormone (tsh), and higher t4 levels with respect to controls. evidence for tsh circadian modulatio ... | 1999 | 10529465 |
| serum cytokeratin 19 fragment levels in non-small cell lung cancer patients according to t factor in the tnm classification. | we examined changes in cytokeratin 19 fragment (cyfra 21-1) levels in relation to the t factor in 64 non-small cell n2m0 lung cancer patients. although a correlation between the levels and t factor was found (rho=0.627, p<0.0001), there was no difference between the levels in t3 and t4. serum cyfra 21-1 levels increased in the order of the following groups: the limited tumor group (t1+t2: n=28), the group with tumor extending to the pleura or chest wall (t3: n=13), and the group with tumor invad ... | 1999 | 10529467 |
| isolation of bacteria from cervical lymph nodes in patients with oral cancer. | thirty patients with oral mucosal cancer were studied in relation to oral mucosal damage and bacterial translocation to the regional lymph nodes in the neck. all 30 patients (gingiva 11, tongue 13, cheek mucosa four, oral floor two) underwent extensive, clean-contaminated, head-and-neck surgery (including neck dissection) with free flap reconstruction. a total of 153 lymph nodes was harvested for microbial and histological examination. viable bacteria were isolated from 70 lymph nodes (45.8%) fr ... | 1999 | 10530911 |
| development of motoneurons and primary sensory afferents in the thoracic and lumbar spinal cord of the south american opossum monodelphis domestica. | the postnatal development of the primary sensory afferent projection to the thoracic (t4) and lumbar (l4) spinal cord of the marsupial species monodelphis domestica was studied by using anterograde and retrograde neuronal tracers. large numbers of primary afferents and motoneurons were labelled by application of the carbocyanine dye dii into individual dorsal root ganglia (drg) afferents in short-term organ cultures. dorsal root axons had entered the cord at birth, but most primary afferent inne ... | 1999 | 10531537 |
| clinical relevance of the histological classification of sinonasal intestinal-type adenocarcinomas. | to verify the prognostic value of the histological typing of intestinal-type adenocarcinoma (itac) of the sinonasal tract, 41 such lesions were separately classified by 2 pathologists both according to the world health organization (who) criteria for the histological typing of large intestine adenocarcinomas (well, moderately, poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas, and mucinous adenocarcinomas) and to the criteria of kleinsasser and schroeder (papillary-tubular cylinder cell type, alveolar-goble ... | 1999 | 10534159 |
| low maternal free thyroxine concentrations during early pregnancy are associated with impaired psychomotor development in infancy. | maternal thyroid function during early pregnancy is an important determinant of early fetal brain development because the fetal thyroid is unable to produce any t4 before 12-14 weeks' gestation. overt maternal hypothyroidism as seen in severe iodine-deficient areas is associated with severely impaired neurological development of the offspring. at present, it is not known whether low free t4 (ft4) levels during pregnancy in healthy women from iodine sufficient areas may affect fetal neurodevelopm ... | 1999 | 10396355 |
| comparison of serum thyrotrophin concentrations determined by a third generation assay in patients with various types of overt and subclinical thyrotoxicosis. | recent increases in the sensitivity of methods used to measure tsh, especially third generation assays, have enabled separation of partial from complete pituitary suppression in patients with thyrotoxicosis. we have investigated the use of a sensitive chemiluminescent enzymeimmunoassay in the differential diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis. | 1999 | 10396360 |
| [transcutaneous radiotherapy after thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid carcinoma]. | to compare the results, in terms of 10-year actuarial survival, between i-131-therapy and i-131-therapy + external beam radiotherapy (rt) in patients operated on for differentiated thyroid carcinoma. | 1999 | 10396858 |
| activity losses among t4 lysozyme charge variants after adsorption to colloidal silica. | enzyme structure and function depend to some extent on enzyme net charge and charge location. altering the charge of even a single residue may affect the interaction between enzyme and substrate such that all catalytic activity is lost. in this study we investigated the effect of net charge and charge location on the enzymatic activity of synthetic mutants of bacteriophage t4 lysozyme in the presence of colloidal silica. enzymatic activity decreased upon adsorption, and these changes were varian ... | 1999 | 10397875 |
| cd40 expression in bladder cancer. | the cd40 receptor is expressed in many immune cell types and is known to play a central role in both humoral and t-cell-mediated immunity, being a subject of intense research interest in recent years. it is also expressed on a variety of carcinomas and may therefore be of biological significance in the development and treatment of cancer. the expression of cd40 was examined immunohistochemically in a series of 131 bladder transitional cell carcinomas and the correlation with known prognostic mar ... | 1999 | 10398138 |
| [acute symptom transverse laminectomy for a benign osteoclastoma of thethoracic spine--case report and review of the literature]. | benign osteoclastomas of the spine above the sacrum are uncommon lesions. acute paraparesis as the presenting sign of disease is unusual and rarely described in the literature. we report on the case of a 41 yrs old male who underwent acute t3-5 laminectomy for spinal cord decompression from a t4 expansive mass lesion with locally destructive growth. although a malignant lesion was suspected, definitive histologic examination disclosed a benign osteoclastoma. therefore, elective trans-thoracic to ... | 1999 | 10399268 |
| [clinico-laboratory algorithms for assessing the functional activity of the thyroid gland]. | three diagnostic algorithms making use of automated chemiluminescent analyzers are proposed for evaluation of the thyroid function, depending on the clinical situation. laboratory criteria of hypothyrosis and thyrotoxicosis therapy monitoring are discussed. main variants of disagreement between clinical data and values of thyrotropic hormone and free t4 are presented. | 1999 | 10399436 |
| treatment of hypopituitarism in infancy. effect on head circumference growth. | head circumference of children with multiple pituitary-hormone deficiency (mphd) may be subnormal for age. moreover it is known that linear growth in infancy is growth-hormone (gh) dependent. therefore, aim of the study has been to compare head circumference measurements in children with hypopituitarism after l-thyroxine (l-t4) therapy alone, before therapy with gh, and after gh was added to the therapy. | 1999 | 10399443 |
| [clinical phase ii-evaluation of neoadjuvant, cytostatic combination chemotherapy with docetaxel and epidoxorubicin in female breast cancer patients (t1-4, n0-2, m0)]. | preoperative (neo-adjuvant) chemotherapy is very effective in downstaging primary tumors and moreover is able to prevent advancing metastatic growth early in the course of the disease. | 1999 | 10586489 |
| determination of protein secondary structure and solvent accessibility using site-directed fluorescence labeling. studies of t4 lysozyme using the fluorescent probe monobromobimane. | we report an investigation of how much protein structural information could be obtained using a site-directed fluorescence labeling (sdfl) strategy. in our experiments, we used 21 consecutive single-cysteine substitution mutants in t4 lysozyme (residues t115-k135), located in a helix-turn-helix motif. the mutants were labeled with the fluorescent probe monobromobimane and subjected to an array of fluorescence measurements. thermal stability measurements show that introduction of the label is sub ... | 1999 | 10587464 |
| translational regulation by modifications of the elongation factor tu. | ef-tu from e. coli, one of the superfamily of gtpase switch proteins, plays a central role in the fast and accurate delivery of aminoacyl-trnas to the translating ribosome. an overview is given about the regulatory effects of methylation, phosphorylation and phage-induced cleavage of ef-tu on its function. during exponential growth, ef-tu becomes monomethylated at lys56 which is converted to me2lys upon entering the stationary phase. lys56 is in the gtpase switch-1 region (residues 49-62), a str ... | 1999 | 10588048 |
| association between lower serum free t4 and greater mood instability and depression in lithium-maintained bipolar patients. | this investigation evaluated the relationship between changes in thyroid indices and mood stability during lithium and carbamazepine prophylaxis for bipolar disorder. | 1999 | 10588404 |
| the ulinastatin-induced effect on neuromuscular block caused by vecuronium. | we examined the effect of ulinastatin, a protease inhibitor purified from human urine, on neuromuscular block caused by vecuronium. sixty adult patients were randomly divided into four groups of 15 patients each: ulinastatin-posttetanic count (u-ptc), ulinastatin-train-of-four (u-tof), control-posttetanic count (c-ptc) or control-train-of-four (c-tof) group. in the u-ptc and u-tof groups, a bolus dose of ulinastatin 5000 u/kg was administered 2 min before the injection of vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg. i ... | 1999 | 10589650 |
| tp53 accumulation predicts improved survival in patients resistant to systemic cisplatin-based chemotherapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. | to examine retrospectively the prognostic significance of tp53 immunoreactivity for both tumor response and patient survival in 83 patients with nonmetastatic muscle-invasive bladder cancer treated with a single transurethral resection (tur) of tumor and combined cisplatin-based systemic chemotherapy followed by repeat tur, paraffin-embedded sections of a bladder tumor obtained at tur before chemotherapy (1 t2, 52 t3, and 30 t4) were immunostained for tp53 using monoclonal pab1801 and do-7 antib ... | 1999 | 10589764 |
| dna helicase mutants of bacteriophage t4 that are defective in dna recombination. | we previously isolated a plasmid-borne, recombination-deficient mutant derivative of the bacteriophage t4 dna helicase gene 41. we have now transferred this 41rrh1 mutation into the phage genome in order to characterize its mutational effects further. the mutation impairs a recombination pathway that is distinct from the pathway involving uvsx, which is essential for strand transfer, and it also eliminates most homologous recombination between a plasmid and the t4 genome. although 41rrh1 does no ... | 1999 | 10589841 |
| variations in eeg coherence as an index of the affective content of dreams from rem sleep: relationships with face imagery. | eeg coherence was examined in relation to four measures of socioemotional dream content, including a new measure--the proportional representation of a character's face. twenty-four healthy subjects, recorded for sleep stages and eeg activity, were awakened from rem sleep to report dream mentation and to rate it on these variables. coherence scores were calculated for homologous interhemispheric electrode pairs (fp1-fp2, f3-f4, f7-f8, c3-c4, p3-p4, o1-o2, t3-t4, t5-t6) and for left and right intr ... | 1999 | 10590819 |
| high-dose-rate brachytherapy for primary carcinomas of the oral cavity and oropharynx. | local control for patients treated with primary radiation therapy for tumors of the oral cavity is improved using low-dose-rate brachytherapy. oropharyngeal carcinomas have also been treated with brachytherapy. the few reports in the literature regarding high-dose-rate brachytherapy (hdrbt) for head and neck cancer involve small numbers of patients and often contain a mix of palliative and curative cases. the purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of hdrbt in the largest reported c ... | 1999 | 10591356 |
| neurological complications of spinal tuberculosis in children. | neurological complications of thoracic and lumbar spinal tuberculosis were studied in 32 patients under the age of 16 years. the majority had lesions involving three or more vertebral bodies. paraplegia occurred in 8 patients and was always associated with bladder and bowel dysfunction. lesions located at t4/5 were most commonly accompanied by paraplegia. deterioration of the neurological status was related to the degree of spinal stenosis, whereas the degree of kyphosis was of less importance. ... | 1999 | 10591936 |
| [spinal localization of gorham's syndrome. case report]. | the authors report a case of massive osteolysis of the spine in an eighteen years old boy presenting a t9 collapse without neurological symptoms associated to a right chylothorax which disappeared after 5 days of drainage. mri showed an increased signal on t1 and t2 weighted sequences. an orthopaedic treatment with a cast was decided as a first attempt. because on increasing pain and kyphosis, surgery was considered, with posterior segmental fixation with hartshill rectangle from t4 to l5. the r ... | 1999 | 10327471 |
| thyroid hormones in grey seal pups (halichoerus grypus). | the aim of the present study was to describe the changes in thyroid hormone status in grey seal (halichoerus grypus) pups from birth to weaning and moulting. plasma concentrations of total thyroxine (tt4) were highest the first two days after birth, thereafter dropping to a lower, but stable level. this pattern may reflect a high transfer rate of maternal thyroxine prepartum, prior to parturition, or postpartum via colostrum, or it may be caused by active secretory thyrocytes in late foetal stag ... | 1999 | 10327615 |
| post-transcriptional control of bacteriophage t4 gene 25 expression: mrna secondary structure that enhances translational initiation. | secondary structure of the mrna in the translational initiation region is an important determinant of translation efficiency. however, the secondary structures that enhance or facilitate translation initiation are rare. we have previously proposed that such structure may exist in the case of bacteriophage t4 gene 25 translational initiation region, which contains three potential shine-dalgarno sequences (sd1, sd2, and sd3) with a spacing of 8, 17, and 27 nucleotides from the initiation codon of ... | 1999 | 10329143 |
| acute effects of thyroid hormone analogs on sodium currents in neonatal rat myocytes. | we previously reported that t3(3,3',5-triiodo-l-thyronine) acutely increases sodium currents (ina) in neonatal rat myocytes. here we compare the effects of several thyroid hormone analogs, including t4(3,3',5,5'-tetraiodo-l-thyronine), rt3(3,3',5'-triiodo-l-thyronine), d-t3(3,3',5-triiodo-d-thyronine), 3,5-t2(3,5-diiodo-l-thyronine), dit (3,5-diiodo-l-tyrosine), mit (3-monoiodo-l-tyrosine), tetrac (3,3',5,5'-tetraiodo-thyroacetic acid), triac (3, 3',5-triiodo-thyroacetic acid), and tyrosine, on ... | 1999 | 10329215 |
| establishment of a new system for determination of coreceptor usages of hiv based on the human glioma np-2 cell line. | cd4 and one of the g-protein-coupled receptors (gpcrs) on the cell surface function as a receptor and a coreceptor, respectively, in infection of cells with human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (hiv/siv). to determine which gpcrs can be coreceptors for hiv (hiv-1 and hiv-2) or siv infection, several cell lines, including human osteosarcoma hos-t4 cells and human glioma u87/cd4 cells, have been used. however, these cells often show susceptibilities to some hiv or siv strains before transduct ... | 1999 | 10329384 |
| mutations which alter the elbow region of trna2gly reduce t4 gene 60 translational bypassing efficiency. | translating ribosomes bypass a 50 nucleotide coding gap in bacteriophage t4 gene 60 mrna between codons 46 and 47 in order to synthesize the full-length protein. bypassing of the coding gap requires peptidyl-trna2gly detachment from a gga codon (codon 46) followed by re-pairing at a matching gga codon just before codon 47. using negative selection, based on the sacb gene from bacillus subtilis, escherichia coli mutants were isolated which reduce bypassing efficiency. all of the mutations are in ... | 1999 | 10329634 |
| thyroid hormone induces activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase in cultured cells. | thyroid hormone [l-thyroxine (t4)] rapidly induced phosphorylation and nuclear translocation (activation) of mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) in hela and cv-1 cells in the absence of cytokine or growth factor. a pertussis toxin-sensitive and guanosine 5'-o-(3-thiotriphosphate)-sensitive cell surface mechanism responsive to t4 and agarose-t4, suggesting a g protein-coupled receptor, was implicated. cells depleted of mapk or treated with mapk pathway inhibitors showed reduced activation of ... | 1999 | 10329948 |
| hypothyroidism in elderly patients. | hypothyroidism is an endocrine condition found in elderly patients that is often confused with normal changes associated with aging. consequently, the disorder may be quite advanced before it is diagnosed and treated. depressed t4 and elevated tsh levels confirm primary hypothyroidism. patients are required to take levothyroxine for the rest of their lives. myxedema coma, a life-threatening complication of hypothyroidism, occurs primarily in elderly women and requires immediate treatment to prev ... | 1999 | 10332556 |
| induction chemotherapy and radiation therapy for t4 oropharyngeal carcinoma. | between 1964 and 1996, 123 patients were treated for t4 oropharyngeal carcinoma; 93 were treated with radiation therapy alone; 30 were treated with induction chemotherapy and radiation therapy. patients who received induction chemotherapy and radiation therapy were treated between 1985 and 1996; during this time 39 patients were treated with radiation therapy alone. five-year local control rates for patients undergoing chemotherapy and radiation therapy, radiation therapy alone (all patients), a ... | 1999 | 10333250 |
| high ligation of the inferior mesenteric artery with hypogastric nerve preservation in rectal cancer surgery. | we describe herein a technique of performing upward node dissection following high ligation of the inferior mesenteric artery for patients with t3 and t4 rectal carcinomas. the course of the hypogastric nerve is confirmed macroscopically during the procedure to ensure its preservation. this technique offers both increased radicality and the prevention of ejaculatory dysfunction. | 1999 | 10333426 |
| the stressful condition as a nutritionally dependent adaptive dichotomy. | the injured body manifests a cascade of cytokine-induced metabolic events aimed at developing defense mechanisms and tissue repair. rising concentrations of counterregulatory hormones work in concert with cytokines to generate overall insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (igf-1), postreceptor resistance and energy requirements grounded on lipid dependency. salient features are self-sustained hypercortisolemia persisting as long as cytokines are oversecreted and down-regulation of the hypotha ... | 1999 | 10319365 |
| pertechnetate scintigraphy in primary congenital hypothyroidism. | primary congenital hypothyroidism (pch) is currently detected effectively by heel-stick screening. when elevated thyrotropin (tsh) and/or decreased t4 are found in the blood of neonates, they are recalled, values are confirmed in venous blood and thyroxine replacement therapy (trt) is immediately instituted, thus cretinism or severe retardation is prevented. however, in a significant percentage of neonates with abnormal blood levels of t4 or tsh, the disorder is transient. to help determine the ... | 1999 | 10319753 |
| in vivo expression of thyroid transcription factor-1 rna and its relation to thyroid function and follicular heterogeneity: identification of follicular thyroglobulin as a feedback suppressor of thyroid transcription factor-1 rna levels and thyroglobulin synthesis. | we used in situ hybridization to evaluate thyroid transcription factor-1 (ttf-1) rna expression in individual follicles and related this to thyroglobulin (tg) synthesis in vivo, as estimated by immunohistochemical analysis. we studied the thyroids of wistar rats treated with thyroxine (t4) or propylthiouracil (ptu), each of which modulates tsh levels, but affects follicular function and tg accumulation in the follicular lumen very differently. we show that ttf-1 rna levels in vivo correlate dire ... | 1999 | 10319936 |
| salsalate and salicylate binding to and their displacement of thyroxine from thyroxine-binding globulin, transthyrin, and albumin. | salsalate and its metabolite salicylate are inhibitors of thyroid hormone binding to serum transport proteins and reduce serum total thyroxine (t4) and triiodothyronine (t3) in vivo. the present study is the first to examine and compare salsalate and salicylate binding to human thyroxine-binding globulin (tbg), transthyretin (ttr), albumin (alb), and whole human serum, and displacement by salsalate and salicylate of t4 from isolated tbg, ttr, alb. salsalate and salicylate binding were studied by ... | 1999 | 10319941 |
| type of lymph node involvement and survival in pathologic n1 stage iii non-small cell lung carcinoma. | survival of patients with stage ii non-small lung cancer by the 1986 classification depends on the type of lymph node involvement (by direct extension or by metastases in lobar or hilar lymph nodes). the influence of these types of lymph node involvement on survival was investigated in pathologic n1 stage iii patients. | 1999 | 10320225 |
| developmental regulation of hepatic ceruloplasmin mrna and serum activity by exogenous thyroxine and dexamethasone. | ceruloplasmin (cp) is a copper-dependent oxidase with roles that include the regulation of iron metabolism, participation in the acute-phase response to inflammation, and antioxidant systems. although developmental increases in hepatic cp gene expression and serum activity have been described, the molecular mechanisms that are responsible for this regulation are not fully understood. the studies described here explored the possible role of glucocorticoids and thyroxine (t4) in the early neonatal ... | 1999 | 10320628 |
| sublingual-swallow immunotherapy (slit) in patients with asthma due to house-dust mites: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. | a double-blind, placebo-controlled study was carried out in 85 patients with a well-documented history of perennial asthma caused by house-dust mites. patients received either placebo or sublingual immunotherapy (slit) with a standardized dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (dp)-d. farinae (df) 50/50 extract. after a run-in period, patients received increasing doses up to 300 ir every day for 4 weeks and then three times a week for the following 24 months. the cumulative dose was about 104000 ir, equ ... | 1999 | 10321561 |
| bacteriophage t4 rnh (rnase h) null mutations: effects on spontaneous mutation and epistatic interaction with rii mutations. | the bacteriophage t4 rnh gene encodes t4 rnase h, a relative of a family of flap endonucleases. t4 rnh null mutations reduce burst sizes, increase sensitivity to dna damage, and increase the frequency of acriflavin resistance (acr) mutations. because mutations in the related saccharomyces cerevisiae rad27 gene display a remarkable duplication mutator phenotype, we further explored the impact of rnh mutations upon the mutation process. we observed that most acr mutants in an rnh+ strain contain a ... | 1999 | 10322013 |
| free-flap reconstruction for laryngeal preservation after partial laryngectomy in patients with extended tumors of the oropharynx and hypopharynx. | partial laryngeal resection often results in major aspiration problems, making larynx preservation during surgical removal of tumors of the oropharynx and hypopharynx impossible. however, free flaps can be used to reconstruct perilaryngeal tissue, thus preserving the larynx and ensuring a better quality of life for patients. we present the results of forearm free-flap reconstruction of the supraglottis in 22 patients who underwent resections of extended squamous cell carcinomas of the oropharynx ... | 1999 | 10456275 |
| [is systematic clinical breast examination in women still indicated?]. | screening for breast cancer is not generalized in france. in order to evaluate any change in clinical practice, we reviewed three cohorts of one hundred successive breast cancers diagnosed in a geographical area without a breast screening campaign, starting in 1978, 1999 and 1996. the proportion of t1 (uicc) shifted from 32% to 50% and the rate of positive nodes among these t1 patients from 63% to 26% from the 1978 cohort to the 1996 cohort. there was an unchanged proportion (20%) of t4 patients ... | 1999 | 10456302 |
| single-injection paravertebral block compared to general anaesthesia in breast surgery. | breast surgery is frequently associated with post-operative nausea, vomiting, pain and painful restricted movement. paravertebral block may be an alternative to general anaesthesia for this type of surgery. we studied the single-injection paravertebral block at the level of t4 and report a comparison of single-injection paravertebral block to general anaesthesia for breast surgery. | 1999 | 10456819 |
| simplified gene-fragment phage display system for epitope mapping. | we describe a simple and efficient system for epitope mapping by cloning random gene fragments into a specially designed giiip-based phage display vector. dna encoding the antigen of interest is pcr-amplified and partially digested with dnasei to generate 50-150-bp-long fragments, which are polished with t4 dna polymerase and dephosphorylated. these fragments are cloned at the 5' end of the giii after linearizing the vector with smai/srfi, and the ligation is carried out in the presence of restr ... | 1999 | 10457840 |
| effect of thymus extract on immunologic reactivity of chicken vaccinated with infectious bursal disease virus. | the effects of crude thymus extract on the immune response and protection against challenge with virulent infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) were studied in one-day-old chick. oral administration of thymus extract (1 ml/kg) markedly and significantly increased the total protein, albumin, globulin, tri-iodothyronine (t3), thyroxine (t4) and the body weight gain in one-day-old chick. in addition, it increased the total lymphocytic count over four weeks after administration. although vaccinatio ... | 1999 | 10458105 |
| direct evidence for native cd4 oligomers in lymphoid and monocytoid cells. | cd4 is expressed by t lymphocytes and monocytes and is generally considered a monomer even though its structure was originally modelled on the rei bence-jones homodimer. however, native cd4 was demonstrated as both monomer and dimers of 55 and 110 kda in lymphoid and monocytoid cells by immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting after solubilization with alkylating (iodoacetamide) or reducing (dithiothreitol, 2-mercaptoethanol) reagents. full reduction yielded only the 55-kda monomeric form. purifie ... | 1999 | 10458774 |
| [clinical analysis of parotid cancer]. | a clinical study was performed on 42 patients with parotid cancers initially treated in our hospital from 1972 to 1997. the five-year cumulative survival rate was 69% in the whole group and 72% in the radical surgical treatment group (n = 40). the five-year survival rates according to stage were as follows: stage i, 95% (21); stage ii, 75% (4); stage iii, 0% (1); and stage iv, 37% (16). the factors influencing prognosis were cases of t3 and t4 (p < 0.05), stage iii and iv (p < 0.01), and cervica ... | 1999 | 10459290 |
| prolactin and growth hormone stimulation of lactation in mice requires thyroid hormones. | this experiment tested the hypothesis that thyroid hormones are essential for a milk production response to growth hormone (gh) and prolactin (prl). prior to breeding, female transgenic mice expressing the herpes simplex type-i thymidine kinase in the thyroid were treated with ganciclovir to ablate thyroid follicular cells. to provide for normal gestation, thyrocyte-ablated mice were supplied thyroxine (t4) in drinking water (0.2 microgram/ml) until 7 days before parturition. litter size was adj ... | 1999 | 10460696 |
| effects of phenobarbital treatment on serum thyroxine and thyroid-stimulating hormone concentrations in epileptic dogs. | to determine whether phenobarbital treatment of epileptic dogs alters serum thyroxine (t4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (tsh) concentrations. | 1999 | 10461631 |
| effects of oral chlortetracycline and dietary protein level on plasma concentrations of growth hormone and thyroid hormones in beef steers before and after challenge with a combination of thyrotropin-releasing hormone and growth hormone-releasing hormone. | the objective of this study was to determine the effect of a subtherapeutic level of chlortetracycline (ctc) fed to growing beef steers under conditions of limited and adequate dietary protein on plasma concentrations of gh, thyroid-stimulating hormone (tsh), and thyroid hormones before and after an injection of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (trh) + ghrh. young beef steers (n = 32; average bw = 285 kg) were assigned to a 2x2 factorial arrangement of treatments of either a 10 or 13% crude protein ... | 1999 | 10461985 |
| the interaction of hydrocortisone and thyroxine during fetal adipose tissue differentiation: ccaat enhancing binding protein expression and capillary cytodifferentiation. | late-term fetal pigs from genetically obese dams have elevated levels of thyroid hormones and glucocorticoids, depressed levels of gh, larger fat cells and elevated lipogenesis than do fetal pigs from lean dams. we investigated the influence of elevated levels of thyroid hormones and glucocorticoids per se on adipose tissue traits by chronically treating hypophysectomized (hypox; d 70) fetal pigs between d 90 and 105 of gestation with either thyroxine (t4), hydrocortisone (hc), or the combinatio ... | 1999 | 10461986 |
| evaluation of metastatic celiac axis lymph nodes in patients with esophageal carcinoma: accuracy of eus. | endosonography (eus) is the most accurate modality for assessing depth of tumor invasion and local lymph node metastasis. however, its accuracy in the identification of metastatic (celiac axis) lymph nodes is less well defined. our objective in this study was to determine the accuracy of eus in detecting celiac axis lymph node metastasis in patients with esophageal carcinoma. | 1999 | 10462655 |
| pretreatment staging by endoscopic ultrasonography does not predict complete response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation in patients with esophageal carcinoma. | endoscopic ultrasonography (eus) provides highly accurate preoperative t and n classifications in patients with esophageal carcinoma. although previous data have suggested that patients with tumors classified as t4 by eus do not benefit from surgical resection, these data were acquired prior to the widespread use of preoperative chemoradiation. the current study investigated whether pretreatment eus can predict a complete response to neoadjuvant therapy. | 1999 | 10463973 |
| localization and function of the organic anion-transporting polypeptide oatp2 in rat liver. | multispecific organic anion-transporting polypeptides (oatps) are involved in the transcellular movement of amphipathic compounds in many tissues including the liver, kidney, and blood-brain barrier. recently, a high-affinity digoxin transporter (oatp2) was cloned from rat brain and shown to be also expressed in the liver. | 1999 | 10464146 |
| characterization of transposon-generated protease mutant of xanthomonas campestris pathovar glycine 8ra. enzyme activity, cloning, and mapping of flanking dna. | protease negative mutant of xanthomonas campestris pathovar glycine 8ra (prt-mutant) was constructed by mutagenesis employing artificial transposon omegon-km. transposon delivery was conducted through diparental conjugation using x. campestris pathovar glycine 8ra as recipient and escherichia coli s17-1 carrying pjff 3500 plasmid as the donor. the frequency of transconjugation was found 1.9 x 10(-7) per recipient. enzyme analysis indicated the presence of mutant with lower protease activity than ... | 1999 | 10464767 |
| [surgical therapy of right colon cancer]. | the debate about the management of frequent advanced right colon cancer is still opened: the opportunity of extended resections when the surrounding organs or tissues are infiltrated, the lymphadenectomy extension and its role, the possibility of identifying prognostic factors that could be useful to decide adjuvant therapy, the definition of the role of laparoscopy. considering these problems, we have reviewed a series of 159 operations performed by the institute of clinical surgery of the univ ... | 1999 | 10466246 |
| c- and a delta-fiber components of heat-evoked cerebral potentials in healthy human subjects. | feedback-controlled laser heat was used to stimulate the hairy skin of the hand dorsum and forearm, and heat-evoked cerebral potentials were recorded at midline (fz, cz, pz) and temporal (t3, t4) scalp positions. based on data from primary afferent electrophysiology a stimulus level (40 degrees c) was chosen, which is above c-fiber heat threshold, but clearly below a delta-nociceptor heat threshold in order to excite selectively c-fibers without concomitant excitation of a delta-fibers. feedback ... | 1999 | 10467918 |
| giant cell arteritis can be associated with t4-lymphocytic alveolitis. | we describe three patients with histologically proven giant cell arteritis who presented with respiratory complaints. in one patient, dry cough and dyspnoea dominated the clinical picture. in the other two patients, a diagnosis of giant cell arteritis was readily suspected by the presence of typical complaints, although both patients spontaneously mentioned a persistent cough and dyspnoea, respectively. radiographs of the chest were normal. lung function tests, including a carbon monoxide (co)-d ... | 1999 | 10468175 |
| platelet function during cardiac surgery and cardiopulmonary bypass with low-dose aprotinin. | to determine whether two low-dose regimens of aprotinin influence platelet function. | 1999 | 10468248 |
| toxicity and feasibility of adjuvant high-dose interferon alpha-2b in patients with melanoma in clinical oncologic practice. | to assess the feasibility and toxicity profile of high-dose interferon alpha-2b (ifn-alpha-2b) in the adjuvant treatment of patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma outside the reference ecog 1684 clinical trial, we conducted a prospective follow-up in an identical population of patients (cutaneous melanoma, t4 and/or n1) treated by intravenous ifn-alpha-2b:20 miu m(-2), 5 days a week for 4 weeks; and subcutaneous:10 miu m(-2), 3 times a week for 11 months. thirty-six consecutive patients were ... | 1999 | 10468294 |
| concurrent conventionally factionated radiotherapy and weekly docetaxel in the treatment of stage iiib non-small-cell lung carcinoma. | docetaxel has shown remarkable radiosensitizing in vitro properties. in a previous phase i/ii dose escalation study in non-small-cell lung cancer (nsclc) we observed a high response rate after concomitant boost radiotherapy and weekly docetaxel. the maximum tolerated dose was 30 mg m(-2) week(-1). in the present phase ii study we evaluated whether weekly docetaxel and conventionally fractionated radiotherapy could be better tolerated and equally effective in the treatment of locally advanced nsc ... | 1999 | 10468298 |
| muc1 mucin as a tumour marker in bladder cancer. | to evaluate serum muc1 levels (a high molecular weight glycoprotein which is upregulated and abnormally glycosylated in bladder cancer and other carcinomas) in patients with a variety of stages and grades of transitional cell carcinoma (tcc) of the bladder, to assess its potential as a tumour marker. | 1999 | 10468735 |
| hypothalamic derangement in traumatized patients: growth hormone (gh) and prolactin response to thyrotrophin-releasing hormone and gh-releasing hormone. | to study the impact of severe head injury on both basal pituitary hormone secretion and the response to exogenous synthetic hypothalamic releasing factors (trh and ghrh) in order to evaluate sequential changes in the central control of hypophyseal secretion in the days following head injury. | 1999 | 10468946 |
| differences in the levels of tsh-binding inhibitor immunoglobulins in goitrous and agoitrous autoimmune thyroiditis after twelve months of l-thyroxine therapy. | the aims were to study the prevalence of tsh binding inhibitor immunoglobulins (tbii) in newly diagnosed patients with autoimmune hypo-thyroidism, to determine if clinical and biochemical parameters in these patients differed, and to study the course of these antibodies after 12 months of l-thyroxine (lt4) therapy. | 1999 | 10468968 |
| neuromuscular symptoms and dysfunction in subclinical hypothyroid patients: beneficial effect of l-t4 replacement therapy. | the presence of neuromuscular symptoms was ascertained by questionnaire in 33 consecutive patients with subclinical hypothyroidism (sht) as compared to 44 age- and sex-matched controls. blood was sampled for pth, magnesium, phosphate, and total and ionized calcium determination. patients reporting three or more symptoms were also studied by surface electromyography (semg). the study was repeated following a six-month l-t4 course. | 1999 | 10468996 |