Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| pediatric viral gastroenteritis. | rotavirus and norwalk agent cause most viral gastroenteritis in the pediatric population. infection results in osmotic diarrhea, which can cause dehydration and acidosis. oral rehydration therapy has been shown worldwide to be a safe and effective means of treating this disease. formula feeding should be resumed as soon as possible; breast feeding should be maintained throughout the illness. admission criteria are based on weight loss, serum sodium level and ability to rehydrate orally on an out ... | 1986 | 3014849 |
| hemagglutination with ovine rotavirus. brief report. | the virus was grown in ma 104 cells, a stable cell line derived from embryonic rhesus monkey kidney, and tested for hemagglutination (ha) with erythrocytes of a variety of species at 4 degrees c, room temperature and 37 degrees c. ha was observed at all temperatures with chicken, sheep, rabbit, guinea pig and human erythrocytes but not with horse, cattle, goat, swine and goose erythrocytes. ha reaction was inhibited by specific antiserum. some factors involved in the ha and ha-inhibition (hi) we ... | 1986 | 3015075 |
| patterns of polypeptide synthesis in human rotavirus infected cells. | polypeptide analysis of three strains of human rotavirus (kun, wa and mo) were conducted using a hypertonic culture which suppressed host protein synthesis and unmasked rotavirus specific protein synthesis. as a result, eleven human rotavirus specific polypeptides (vp 1--vp 11) were detected by pulselabeling infected cells with [14c]-leucine. among the 11 polypeptides, three polypeptides (vp 7, vp 10 and vp 11) underwent post-translational processing, and two (vp 7 and vp 10) were glycosylated. ... | 1986 | 3015077 |
| isolation and serial propagation of turkey rotaviruses in a fetal rhesus monkey kidney (ma104) cell line. | turkey rotaviruses from the intestinal contents of poults were isolated and serially propagated in ma104 cell monolayers by a simple procedure. the initial virus isolation was done by low-speed centrifugation of the inoculum onto the monolayers, and subsequent passages were accomplished in roller-tube monolayers using trypsin-treated virus suspensions. each of the turkey rotavirus isolates possessed the morphologic, antigenic, and genomic attributes characteristic of turkey group a rotaviruses. ... | 1986 | 3015110 |
| [possibilities of detecting rotavirus diseases in clinical practice. comparison of the elisa, ciep and latex agglutination methods for the detection of viruses by the determination of an increase in antibodies]. | 1986 | 3015432 | |
| human viruses in sediments, sludges, and soils. | recent studies have provided a greater understanding of the movement of viruses in the environment by their attachment to solids. these studies have focused on solids-associated viruses present in wastewater discharged into the ocean and on viruses in sludge and wastewater that may be retained in soil following their land disposal. such ocean or land disposal of wastewater and sludge may result in a discharge of one or more of 120 human enteric virus pathogens including those causing poliomyelit ... | 1986 | 3015442 |
| further study of the epidemiology of rotavirus infection in tokyo. | 1986 | 3015626 | |
| electrophoretic separation of the plus and minus strands of rotavirus sa11 double-stranded rnas. | the genome of the rotaviruses consists of eleven segments of completely double-stranded rna (dsrna). to provide a method for separating and identifying the complementary plus and minus strand rnas within these segments, we have characterized their migration patterns under denaturing conditions on agarose-urea gels. virion-derived 3h-labelled dsrnas were resolved by electrophoresis on a polyacrylamide gel and the individual genome segments recovered by electroelution. upon electrophoresis in a lo ... | 1986 | 3016018 |
| optimization of the bgm cell line culture and viral assay procedures for monitoring viruses in the environment. | an in-depth study of the continuous cell line designated bgm is described herein, and recommendations are made for standardizing cell culture and viral assay procedures. based on data gathered from a survey of 58 laboratories using this cell line, a research plan was developed that included the study of growth media, sera, nahco3 levels, culture bottles, cell concentration, overlay media, agar, virus infection conditions, and cell-dissociating agents. additionally, a comparative virus isolation ... | 1986 | 3010860 |
| intracellular localization of rotaviral proteins. | the differential distribution of two sa 11 rotaviral capsid antigens in thin sections of infected cells was examined using antibody-coated colloidal gold electron-dense particles as specific post-embedding immunocyto-chemical labels. the treatment of thin sections of conventionally fixed and embedded tissue specimens with sodium metaperiodate allowed specific localization of the antigens in tunicamycin-treated, infected cv-1 cells. both protein antigens were investigated with specific anti-rotav ... | 1986 | 3010907 |
| bacterial contamination of the small intestine of infants with enteropathogenic escherichia coli and other enteric infections: a factor in the aetiology of persistent diarrhoea? | the duodenal microflora was studied during the first week of diarrhoea in 40 infants with acute infectious diarrhoea of different aetiologies and compared with that in a convalescent group and a group in whom diarrhoea of known aetiology had persisted for more than 14 days after an acute onset. in the acute phase 16 of the 40 infants had more than 10(4) colony forming bacteria/ml, predominantly upper respiratory commensals. in over half of the infants infected with enteropathogenic escherichia c ... | 1986 | 3011183 |
| an eight-year study of the viral agents of acute gastroenteritis in humans: ultrastructural observations and seasonal distribution with a major emphasis on coronavirus-like particles. | during an 8-yr period, 862 stool specimens from patients with gastroenteritis were examined by electron microscopy after negative staining with 2% phosphotungstic acid (ph 6.5). forty-one percent of the specimens submitted over an 8-yr period were determined to be positive for virus or viruslike particles belonging to one or more of seven morphologically distinct viral groups. coronavirus-like particles (cvlps) were present in 69.8% of the positive stool specimens. membranous profiles containing ... | 1986 | 3011353 |
| involvement of infants, children, and adults in a rotavirus gastroenteritis outbreak in a kibbutz in southern israel. | an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis in a kibbutz in southern israel, characterized by diarrhea, fever, vomiting, and abdominal pain, involved 32 kibbutz members of all ages. nineteen percent of the children and 3.5% of the adults were ill. transmission of the illness occurred in direct proportion to the degree of close contact, involving first infants, then mothers and nursery staff, and only later youngsters, adolescents, and fathers. stool samples obtained from 32 kibbutz members with clinica ... | 1986 | 3011979 |
| a study on the sensitivity of bovine rotavirus to some chemical agents. | the behaviour of bovine rotavirus, strain 81/36 f, to some chemical agents was studied. the chemicals tested were all more or less effective, depending on their concentration and time of exposure under room temperature. it is suggested therefore, that they could be used as disinfectants in the case of rotaviral contamination. | 1986 | 3012287 |
| isolation of two lapine rotaviruses: characterization of their subgroup, serotype and rna electropherotypes. | rotaviruses were detected by an elisa test in stool specimens from diarrheic rabbits in two commercial rabbitries and cultured in ma 104 cells. their identity was confirmed by electron microscopy and indirect immunofluorescence. they were found to belong to subgroup i by testing with monoclonal antibodies and to serotype 3 by neutralization with homologous and heterologous antisera. although both viruses were neutralized by antiserum to human serotype 3 the ala rabbit rotavirus was minimally neu ... | 1986 | 3013127 |
| a new type of atypical rotavirus in pigs. | two independent isolates of an unusual type of rotavirus were obtained from over 900 faecal samples obtained from piglets with diarrhoea. genome profiles, containing eleven segments, were not characteristic of group a electropherotypes and corresponded to an atypical virus. the profiles were, however, distinct from those of other previously described atypical porcine rotaviruses. serological comparisons showed that the two isolates were related, but unrelated to other known groups of porcine rot ... | 1986 | 3013130 |
| [a study on etiology and epidemiology of 1446 patients with diarrhea]. | 1986 | 3013529 | |
| replication of atypical ovine rotavirus in small intestine and cell culture. | colostrum-deprived lambs experimentally infected with an atypical ovine rotavirus isolated from naturally scouring animals, and a naturally infected colostrum-deprived lamb, were examined by immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase labelling, and electron microscopy. a hyperimmune serum to the virus was produced in a gnotobiotic lamb and used to demonstrate antigen in the villous epithelial cells of the small intestine from infected animals. scanning and transmission electron microscopy of tissue ... | 1986 | 3005481 |
| diarrhoea in mice infected with a human rotavirus. | oral inoculation of newborn mice with the met strain of human rotavirus produced transient diarrhoeal disease. light and scanning electron microscopy showed typical rotavirus-induced morphological lesions in the villous epithelium of the small intestine consisting of extensive cytoplasmic vacuolation, villous necrosis and atrophy. virus recovered from intestinal suspensions of infected mice showed the typical electrophoretic profile of the genome of the inoculated strain. rotavirus antibody appe ... | 1986 | 3005482 |
| molecular epidemiology of rotavirus infections in uppsala, sweden, 1981: disappearance of a predominant electropherotype. | the molecular epidemiology of rotavirus infections was studied in children with acute gastroenteritis in uppsala, sweden, during 1981. altogether 118 virus strains were investigated by analysis of the rna migration pattern in silver-stained polyacrylamide gels. six different electropherotypes were seen: two with "short" and four with "long" rna migration patterns. forty-two strains (36%) exhibited "short" patterns. the seasonal distribution showed that strains with "long" and "short" rna pattern ... | 1986 | 3005484 |
| characterization of rotaviruses and subgroup f adenoviruses from acute summer gastroenteritis in south africa. | six hundred and sixteen specimens were collected from black children hospitalised with acute gastroenteritis during the summer and autumn of 1982-1983 (october to may). eighty-five children (13.8%) shed rotavirus and at least 40 (6.5%) shed adenovirus (ad) type 40 or 41 belonging to subgroup f. the highest monthly prevalence of shedding subgroup f adenoviruses (10.1%) coincided with a peak in admissions in midsummer, whereas the highest monthly prevalence of shedding rotaviruses (41.9%) coincide ... | 1986 | 3005488 |
| heterogeneity in base sequence among different dna clones containing equivalent sequences of rotavirus double-stranded rna. | the nucleotide sequences for several complementary dna clones of the rotavirus genome were determined. when the sequences obtained from different clones for the same regions (16,000 bases) were compared, differences in eight base positions were observed. these discrepancies, approximately 1 in 2,000 bases, may be due to differences in individual rna genomes resulting from multiple passages; infidelity of dna synthesis in the cloning procedure; or both factors. whatever the cause, this frequency ... | 1986 | 3005622 |
| intestinal antibody response after vaccination and infection with rotavirus of calves fed colostrum with or without rotavirus antibody. | the intestinal and systemic antibody response of calves vaccinated and/or challenged with rotavirus was studied employing isotype-specific elisas for the detection of igg1, igg2, igm and iga antibodies to rotavirus. monoclonal antibodies to bovine immunoglobulin isotypes of proven specificity were used as conjugated or catching antibody. five days after oral inoculation (dpi) of a 5-day-old gnotobiotic calf with rotavirus, igm rotavirus antibodies were excreted in faeces, followed 5 days later b ... | 1986 | 3006327 |
| immune response of infants and children to low-passage bovine rotavirus (strain wc3). | a bovine rotavirus (strain wc3) was isolated from a calf in pennsylvania and adapted to growth in continuous cercopithecus cell line cv1. a pool for human vaccine trials was produced at the 12th cell culture passage level. after preliminary testing in adults and older children, a dose of 3 x 10(7) plaque-forming units was given by mouth to 52 infants and children aged 5 months to 6 years. no clinical sequelae were detected, and shedding in feces was detected in only 30% of tested infants. a seru ... | 1986 | 3006476 |
| epidemiology of rotavirus in guayaquil, ecuador. | detection of rotavirus by electron microscopy was conducted with fecal specimens from 1,722 infants and young children with acute diarrhea, during a 41-month survey from april 1978 through december 1981 in guayaquil, ecuador; 376 of these specimens (21.8%) were positive. the detection rate was higher during the dry season (may to november; 25.2%) than during the rainy season (december to april; 14.7%). when rotaviruses isolated from 59 patients hospitalized with diarrhea (from april 1979 to july ... | 1986 | 3006530 |
| inactivation of human and simian rotaviruses by chlorine. | the inactivation of simian rotavirus sa-11 and human rotavirus type 2 (wa) by chlorine was compared at 4 degrees c by using single-particle virus stocks. both virus types were usually more readily inactivated at ph 6.0 than at ph 8.0 when low chlorine concentrations (0.05 to 0.2 mg/liter) were used. a complete (5 log) reduction of both was obtained within 20 s at all ph levels when chlorine concentrations were increased to 0.3 mg/liter. slight differences in the chlorine sensitivities of sa-11 a ... | 1986 | 3006589 |
| viral diarrhoea. | it is apparent from this review that great progress has been made over the past 10 years in defining the aetiology of viral diarrhoea. rotavirus is a major cause of gastroenteritis in children, particularly during the winter months. however, if bacteriological and virological data are pooled, our current aetiological knowledge reveals that a pathogen is not detected in 20 to 30% of cases in most perennial investigations. now that human rotavirus has been cultured, complete characterization may b ... | 1986 | 3006951 |
| comparison of five methods for detecting human rotavirus in stool specimens. | 1986 | 3007153 | |
| coproantibody response to rotavirus in an outbreak in a day-care nursery. | 1986 | 3007154 | |
| antibodies specific for the carboxy-terminal region of the major surface glycoprotein of simian rotavirus (sa11) and human rotavirus (wa). | antibodies specific for the major outer capsid protein (vp7) of the simian rotavirus sa11 were obtained by immunization of rabbits with a synthetic peptide, ser-ala-ala-phe-tyr-tyr-arg-val, corresponding to the eight carboxy-terminal amino acids of the viral protein predicted from the nucleotide sequence of the gene segment 9 of the sa11 genome. as the carboxy-terminal region of the vp7 of human rotavirus wa has an identical sequence, cross-reactivity of the raised antibodies was observed with t ... | 1986 | 3007546 |
| clinical and epidemiological features of acute infantile gastroenteritis associated with human rotavirus subgroups 1 and 2. | during a prospective 1-year study rotavirus isolates from 169 children with gastroenteritis were investigated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. a total of 118 (70%) of the strains analyzed contained sufficient viral nucleic acid to give visible electrophoretic patterns; 36% were identified as strains belonging to subgroup 1 (short patterns), and 64% were identified as strains belonging to subgroup 2 (long patterns). the two subgroups cocirculated at equal frequencies during the first 7 mont ... | 1986 | 3007567 |
| molecular epidemiology of human rotavirus infection in children in hong kong. | rotavirus was identified in 256 (28.5%) of 899 hospitalized children with diarrhea during a 12-month period in hong kong. fourteen electropherotypes were identified, and the appearance of each occurred in a sequential manner during the study period. one patient was shown to be mixedly infected with two prevalent electropherotypes. sequential stool specimens from another case showed the appearance of an extra rna band during the course of the diarrheal episode. | 1986 | 3007572 |
| rotavirus infection among children in hospital in nigeria. | faecal samples of 139 nigerian infants and young children admitted to hospital for gastro-enteritis and of 169 admitted for various other illnesses were tested for rotaviruses by an elisa technique. rotaviruses were detected significantly more often in those with gastro-enteritis (20.1%) than in those with other illnesses (3.6%). by contrast, in a representative sample of the population from which the patients had been derived no difference was observed between two similar groups in either isola ... | 1986 | 3007630 |
| enteropathogens associated with acute diarrhea in hospitalized infants. | thirty-five infants of low socioeconomic status who were living in urban santiago were hospitalized for acute diarrhea were prospectively evaluated for the presence of enteropathogens associated with the episode. some degree of malnutrition was evident in 20 infants (57.1%); 15 of these (75%) were under 6 months of age. mean duration of the hospital stay was 11.8 days for well-nourished patients and 15.7 days for the malnourished patients. one or more enteropathogens were found in 60% of the cas ... | 1986 | 3007718 |
| response of adult human volunteers to oral administration of bovine and bovine/human reassortant rotaviruses. | small groups of adult volunteers, in sequence, were inoculated orally with inactivated purified bovine rotavirus of strain ncdv, with live ncdv purified or unpurified and with two different ncdv x human rotavirus reassortant viruses. one of five volunteers given 200 micrograms of ultravioletinactivated ncdv developed a virus-neutralizing (vn) and a binding antibody response detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). four of 10 volunteers given from 1 x 10(6) to 1 x 10(8) p.f.u. of li ... | 1986 | 3008459 |
| a prospective study of rotavirus infections in neonatal and maternity wards. | the occurrence and symptomatology of rotavirus infections was studied at three maternity wards and one neonatal unit. rotavirus was identified in 12.7% of 553 infants and 1.3% of 542 mothers at the maternity wards. infections were more frequent in a mixed obstetric/gynecology ward than in the pure obstetric wards. only 10% of the infants had symptomatic infections. subgroups of rotavirus was determined in 41 infants: 22 of subgroup i and 19 of subgroup ii, which is the subgroup accounting for th ... | 1986 | 3008493 |
| comparative efficacy of broad-spectrum antiviral agents as inhibitors of rotavirus replication in vitro. | several nucleoside analogues which have previously been established as broad-spectrum antiviral agents, i.e. ribavirin, vidarabine, pyrazofurin, tubercidin, carbodine, (s)-9-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)adenine [(s)-dhpa], carbocyclic 3-deazaadenosine (c-c3 ado), (rs)-3-adenine-9-yl-2-hydroxypropanoic acid [(rs)-ahpa] isobutyl ester and neplanocin a were compared for their potency and selectivity as inhibitors of human rotavirus (strains wa, kun and mo) replication in vitro. as the most efficacious inhi ... | 1986 | 3008646 |
| rotavirus vaccines--achievements and prospects. | 1986 | 3008672 | |
| immunoassays for the diagnosis of viral enteric pathogens. | the accurate diagnosis of infectious diseases is important for the optimal management of infected patients as well as for the prevention of disease transmission to susceptible individuals. because viral gastroenteritis constitutes an important cause of morbidity in children living in developed countries and of mortality in children living in developing countries, there has been a great deal of interest in the development of effective methods for the diagnosis and study of this disease. while the ... | 1986 | 3009084 |
| rapid dot-immunobinding assay on nitrocellulose for viral antibodies. | a procedure is described for the routine laboratory diagnosis of viral serum antibodies. antigens are dotted on nitrocellulose strips or sheets, and sera are applied on absorbent paper strips. antigen-antibody complexes are detected with enzyme-conjugated antiglobulin and development of a colored, insoluble substrate product. the test allows processing of multiple sera in one 3- to 5-h operation and is equal to or more sensitive than serum neutralization, hemagglutination inhibition, and fluores ... | 1986 | 3009525 |
| simultaneous infections with different enteric and respiratory tract viruses. | infants and young children with rotavirus (rv) or visualized adenovirus in their stools were tested for the simultaneous presence of a respiratory viral pathogen in their upper respiratory tract. overall, at least 10.7% of 484 study subjects had such dual infections, including 8.3% of 385 rv-positive gastroenteritis patients and 24.3% of 37 rv-positive respiratory disease patients. respiratory syncytial virus was present in 34.1% of 41 dual infections with rv and at least 40% of the 12 to 15 dua ... | 1986 | 3009527 |
| detection of rotavirus with a new polyclonal antibody enzyme immunoassay (rotazyme ii) and a commercial latex agglutination test (rotalex): comparison with a monoclonal antibody enzyme immunoassay. | a total of 176 human fecal specimens were examined for the presence of rotavirus by four different assays: a monoclonal antibody enzyme immunoassay; the original polyclonal antibody enzyme immunoassay marketed by abbott laboratories, north chicago, ill. (rotazyme i); a modification of this assay which is now commercially available (rotazyme ii); and a latex agglutination test (rotalex) recently introduced by medical technology corp., somerset, n.j. in addition, selected specimens were examined f ... | 1986 | 3009531 |
| comparison of immune electron microscopy and genome electropherotyping techniques for detection of turkey rotaviruses and rotaviruslike viruses in intestinal contents. | seventy-nine intestinal contents specimens from 65 turkey flocks were examined for rotavirus and rotaviruslike virus (rvlv) by immune electron microscopy (iem) and genome electropherotyping. the iem procedure was slightly more sensitive in detecting these viruses; 7 of 48 specimens (14.6%) positive for virus by iem were negative by the genome electropherotyping technique. the genome electropherotyping technique more readily differentiated the rotaviruses and rvlvs than did the iem procedure; 15 ... | 1986 | 3009539 |
| group c rotaviruses in humans. | atypical rotaviruses obtained from human feces from australia, brazil, and the united kingdom were shown by a combination of techniques--immunoelectron microscopy, immunofluorescence, genome profile analysis, terminal fingerprint analysis of genome segments, and dot-blot hybridization--to be related to group c porcine rotaviruses. the prevalence of antibody to group c rotaviruses was found to be low in human sera and immunoglobulin pools from six countries. no signs of infection were obtained wh ... | 1986 | 3009541 |
| simplified method of rotavirus rna analysis: a word of caution. | 1986 | 3009542 | |
| variation in virulence of bovine rotaviruses. | forty-six gnotobiotic calves aged less than 16 days or 42-116 days were infected with three strains of bovine rotavirus designated c3-160, cp-1 and pp-1. each virus was passaged and cloned in cell culture (cloned viruses) but cp-1 and pp-1 were also used before culture (faecal viruses). infection of calves aged less than 16 days with faecal or cloned cp-1 caused disease whereas cloned c3-160 and faecal or cloned pp-1 caused subclinical infections. the clinical signs of disease were change in fae ... | 1986 | 3009606 |
| rotavirus: the major etiologic agent of severe infantile diarrhea may be controllable by a "jennerian" approach to vaccination. | 1986 | 3009632 | |
| evaluation of rhesus rotavirus vaccine (mmu 18006) in infants and young children. | orally administered rhesus rotavirus vaccine was evaluated in a placebo-controlled study in young children and infants (ages, eight months to 61 months). thirteen children received the rotavirus vaccine, and ten children served as the control group. the vaccine was well tolerated. there were no significant differences between the vaccine recipients and the control group in the number of child-days with temperatures greater than or equal to 37.8 c, vomiting, diarrhea, or cough. there were signifi ... | 1986 | 3009633 |
| a comparative trial of rhesus monkey (rrv-1) and bovine (rit 4237) oral rotavirus vaccines in young children. | heterologous live, oral rotavirus vaccines of rhesus monkey (rrv-1) and bovine (rit 4237) origin were tested for immunogenicity, excretion of virus, and clinical reactions in six- to eight-month-old infants. antibody response, indicating infection with the vaccine virus, was detected in 21 (88%) of 24 children receiving the rrv-1 vaccine and in 18 (75%) of 24 receiving the rit 4237 vaccine. excretion of virus in the stools within one week after vaccination was demonstrable in 84% of the rrv-1 an ... | 1986 | 3009634 |
| enzootic bovine rotavirus is not a source of infection in panamanian cattle ranchers and their families. | vaccination of humans against rotavirus (rv) diarrhea may be accomplished by oral immunization with attenuated animal strains known to be antigenically very similar to human strains. to define better the degree of infectivity in nature of these animal strains for humans, we conducted surveillance for rv infection/diarrhea in 180 farm workers, their 161 family contacts, and the 566 animals (512 cattle, 35 pigs, and 19 sheep) on 14 farms in rural panama. no correlation between the high infection r ... | 1986 | 3009644 |
| presence of respiratory viruses in middle ear fluids and nasal wash specimens from children with acute otitis media. | during a 28-month period, 84 children with acute otitis media were studied by viral and bacterial cultures of middle ear fluid and viral cultures of nasal lavage fluid. viruses were isolated from the middle ear fluid of 17 (20%) patients. evidence of viral infection was demonstrated by positive viral cultures of middle ear fluid and/or nasal lavage fluid in 33 (39%) patients. rhinovirus in one patient and influenza b virus in another were the only pathogens isolated. influenza virus, enterovirus ... | 1986 | 3010225 |
| the stiffness of dsrna: hydrodynamic studies on fluorescence-labelled rna segments of bovine rotavirus. | the sedimentation coefficients of dsrna segments of bovine rotavirus were determined in the analytical ultracentrifuge. the eleven segments were separated by preparative gel electrophoresis, and isolated by elution from gel pieces. the rna was labelled by the intercalating fluorescent dye ethidium bromide at a ratio bound dye per base pair between 0.003 to 0.018. the analytical ultracentrifuge was equipped with a fluorescence recording optics. sedimentation coefficients could be determined with ... | 1986 | 3010231 |
| the effects of infant feeding on rotavirus-induced gastroenteritis: a prospective study. | the relationship between feeding method and risk of rotavirus infection was studied by following a cohort of 197 infants from low income households through the winter diarrhea season of 1983-84. fecal specimens were systematically collected and tested for the presence of rotavirus particles by electron microscopy, confirmed by elisa. the attack rates of rotavirus gastroenteritis were similar for breast-fed and bottle-fed infants (20 per cent, 17 per cent, respectively); however, the clinical cou ... | 1986 | 3004238 |
| rotavirus-associated diarrhea in a commercial rabbitry. | an epizootic of diarrheal disease occurred in a commercial specific-pathogen-free rabbitry, and was characterized by sudden onset, rapid spread, and high morbidity and mortality among sucklings. affected rabbits rapidly became dehydrated and most died within two days of the onset of diarrhea. eight of these rabbits were necropsied. five had blunted and fused small intestinal villi with attenuated villous enterocytes. a rotavirus was isolated from four rabbits, and five survivors of affected litt ... | 1986 | 2939288 |
| safety, infectivity, transmissibility and immunogenicity of rhesus rotavirus vaccine (mmu 18006) in infants. | in an attempt to evaluate the immunogenicity, infectivity, transmissibility and safety of rhesus rotavirus vaccine (rrv) mmu 18006, 27 infants ages 5 to 20 months participated in two randomized, double-blind placebo controlled trials, one in a day care setting to allow for child to child contact and close surveillance and the other on an outpatient basis. fourteen infants (mean age, 8.3 months) received 10(5) plaque-forming units of rrv and 13 (mean age, 11.1 months) received placebo. in the eig ... | 1986 | 3003715 |
| overview of viral agents in pediatric enteric infections. | 1986 | 3003718 | |
| the role of rotaviruses in pediatric diarrhea. | although rotavirus has been recognized as the most common etiologic agent of gastroenteritis in infants requiring hospitalization, there are several important gaps in the understanding of rotavirus infection. obstacles to such an understanding have included difficulties in cultivating the virus from human stools, the lack of a simple animal model to examine the immune response, and differences in the epidemiology of the infection in developed vs. developing countries. there is a strong need fo ... | 1986 | 3003719 |
| other viruses with etiologic roles in childhood gastroenteritis. | rotaviruses and norwalk-like viruses are the two groups of viruses most frequently associated with gastroenteritis, but as outlined in this review several other viral agents have also been associated with acute gastroenteritis. the gastroenteritis viruses are generally fastidious, and thus traditional cell culture isolation and detection procedures are not applicable; therefore electron microscopy and immunoelectron microscopy remain among the most powerful techniques for studying these viruses. ... | 1986 | 3003721 |
| reactivity patterns to human rotavirus strains of a monoclonal antibody against vp2, a component of the inner capsid of rotavirus. brief report. | a non-neutralizing monoclonal antibody (yo-60) against human rotavirus was found to be directed to vp2 (90,000-dalton protein), one of the two major components of the inner capsid. the reactivity patterns of the yo-60 antibody were very similar, though not identical, to those of subgroup ii-specific yo-5 monoclonal antibody directed to vp6 (42,000-dalton protein), the other major component of the inner capsid. these results indicated the possible presence of a subgroup-specific antigen on vp2 in ... | 1986 | 3002300 |
| rotavirus in nasopharyngeal secretions of children with upper respiratory tract infections. | nasopharyngeal secretions from 30 infants and children presenting with respiratory tract infection, were tested for rotavirus antigen. two of 30 children with signs and symptoms of seromucoid nasal secretions, cough, and low grade fever were positive for the antigen. nasopharyngeal secretions may play a role in the spread of this infection. | 1986 | 3002710 |
| definition of two new groups of atypical rotaviruses. | comparative antigenic and nuclei acid analyses were carried out on two new atypical rotavirus isolates coming respectively from chickens (d/132) and pigs (e/dc-9). indirect immunofluorescence showed that each virus carried different group antigens which were also distinct from those of previously described rotavirus groups. by genome profile analysis each virus had a pattern of genomic rnas clearly distinct from those of the other rotavirus groups. comparative terminal fingerprinting of correspo ... | 1986 | 3003232 |
| cultivation and characterization of three strains of murine rotavirus. | three distinct strains of murine rotavirus were adapted to growth in cell culture. these strains are genetically related but not identical; they are serotypically heterogeneous. the cultivatable strains were substantially more infectious (approximately 10(6)-fold) for suckling mice than heterologous simian rotaviruses were. homologous murine rotavirus strains spread from inoculated to uninoculated litter mates and caused diarrhea, while heterologous rotaviruses did not spread and cause illness. | 1986 | 3003390 |
| failure of live, attenuated oral rotavirus vaccine. | 1986 | 2873370 | |
| protective effect of naturally acquired homotypic and heterotypic rotavirus antibodies. | to assess serotype specificity of immune resistance to rotavirus gastroenteritis, the relation between pre-existing neutralising antibodies to homotypic and heterotypic rotaviruses and protection against infection or clinical illness was investigated. the subjects were 44 orphans exposed once or twice to consecutive outbreaks of gastroenteritis due to type 3 rotavirus in an orphanage in sapporo. sera were collected throughout these outbreaks and the serum levels of neutralising antibodies agains ... | 1986 | 2874413 |
| the detection of enteropathogens in acute diarrhea in a family cohort population in rural egypt. | in 8 villages of rural northeastern egypt, a 2-year study of the etiologic agents associated with episodes of diarrhea was carried out. stool specimens (3,243) from 3,513 episodes of diarrhea were processed for enteropathogens. the most commonly identified agents in the group with diarrhea were giardia lamblia (44%), heat stable enterotoxin (st)-producing enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) (15%), heat labile toxin (lt)-producing etec (12%), enteropathogenic e. coli (epec) (4%), rotavirus (3 ... | 1986 | 2876656 |
| prevalence of various enteropathogens in the feces of diarrheic and healthy calves. | the presence of various enteropathogens was examined in the feces of homebred dairy calves reared in a restricted geographical area of france (north west of county of indre-et-loire) during winter 1983-1984. two distinct surveys were carried on: a case-control study including 32 diarrheic calves and 21 healthy calves bred in 53 different farms; and a separate study on nine diarrheic calves in another farm. the following infectious agents were looked for, by specific methods of detection: escheri ... | 1986 | 2877609 |
| self-contained enzymic membrane immunoassay for detection of rotavirus antigen in clinical samples. | a self-contained enzymic membrane immunoassay (scemia) system has been developed for the detection of viral antigens in clinical samples. the assay system makes use of antiviral antibodies bound to a nylon membrane, a flow-through washing procedure, and a clearly visible endpoint of the enzymic reaction. a scemia system with antibodies against rotavirus detected rotavirus antigen, within 15 min, in all faecal samples from children with gastroenteritis that were positive for antigen in a standard ... | 1986 | 2878176 |
| prevalence of k88, k99, and 987p pili of escherichia coli in neonatal pigs with enteric colibacillosis. | one hundred nineteen live neonatal pigs with diarrhea less than or equal to 2 weeks old were euthanatized, and frozen sections of their ilea were submitted to an indirect fluorescent antibody technique to identify k88, k99, and 987p pili (also referred to as f-4, f-5, and f-6 pili, respectively) in escherichia coli. ten-centimeter ileal sections were used to determine numbers of lactose-fermenting bacteria. of 52 pigs in which e coli pili were found, 14 had k88 (27%), 23 had k99 (44%), 13 had 98 ... | 1986 | 2878634 |
| analysis of reassortment of genome segments in mice mixedly infected with rotaviruses sa11 and rrv. | seven-day-old cd-1 mice born to seronegative dams were orally inoculated with a mixture of wild-type simian rotavirus sa11 and wild-type rhesus rotavirus rrv. at various times postinfection, progeny clones were randomly isolated from intestinal homogenates by limiting dilution. analysis of genome rnas by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to identify and genotype reassortant progeny. reassortment of genome segments was observed in 252 of 662 (38%) clones analyzed from in vivo mixed infe ... | 1986 | 3001336 |
| in vitro transcription of human pararotavirus. | purified human pararotavirus obtained from stool samples from a 6-month-old infant was characterized. electron microscopy of the viral particles subjected to different treatments suggested that the protein shells differed from those described for rotavirus. treatment with both edta or ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)-n,n,n',n'-tetraacetic acid in the presence or absence of mg2+ seemed to convert the virions into core particles by removal of both the outer and inner shells, and no parti ... | 1986 | 3001343 |
| identification of the two rotavirus genes determining neutralization specificities. | bovine rotavirus ncdv and simian rotavirus sa-11 represent two distinct rotavirus serotypes. a genetic approach was used to determine which viral gene segments segregated with serotype-specific viral neutralization. there were 16 reassortant rotaviruses derived by coinfection of ma-104 cells in vitro with the sa-11 and ncdv strains. the parental origin of reassortant rotavirus double-stranded rna segments was determined by gene segment mobility in polyacrylamide gels and by hybridization with ra ... | 1986 | 3001359 |
| molecular basis of rotavirus virulence: role of gene segment 4. | bovine rotavirus ncdv and simian rotavirus sa-11 exhibited markedly different patterns of gastrointestinal tract disease when inoculated orally into newborn mice. a genetic approach was used to define the molecular basis of these differences. the sa-11 strain of rotavirus was more virulent than the ncdv strain when inoculated orally into newborn mice; the dose of sa-11 required to cause diarrhea in 50% of infant mice was 50-fold less than that required for ncdv. nineteen reassortant viruses were ... | 1986 | 3001364 |
| rna-binding proteins of bovine rotavirus. | two major bovine rotavirus proteins have rna-binding activity as shown by an rna overlay-protein blot assay. of the six proteins in purified virions, only one showed rna-binding activity. this 92,000-molecular-weight (92k) protein was present in both single- and double-shelled particles. its rna-binding activity was blocked by preincubation with monospecific antibody to vp2. thus, the 92k rna-binding protein in rotavirus virions is vp2, the second most abundant protein in single-shelled particle ... | 1986 | 2422396 |
| passive protection against rotavirus-induced diarrhea by monoclonal antibodies to surface proteins vp3 and vp7. | monoclonal antibodies directed against two rotavirus surface proteins (vp3 and vp7) as well as a rotavirus inner capsid protein (vp6) were tested for their ability to protect suckling mice against virulent rotavirus challenge. monoclonal antibodies to two distinct epitopes of vp7 of simian rotavirus strain rrv neutralized rrv in vitro and passively protected suckling mice against rrv challenge. a monoclonal antibody directed against vp3 of porcine rotavirus strain osu neutralized three distinct ... | 1986 | 2422398 |
| [immunotherapy in virus diseases]. | the number of effective anti-viral agents is still limited. therefore immunotherapy remains of importance in the treatment of viral infections. immunoglobulins and interferons as well as a variety of immune stimulators or immune modulators are available. the efficacy of such therapy strongly depends on the kind of the virus causing the infection as well as the time of initiation of the treatment. the prophylactic and therapeutic effects of immunoglobulin preparations are well documented, whereas ... | 1986 | 2422548 |
| location of the major antigenic sites involved in rotavirus serotype-specific neutralization. | antigenic sites on the rotavirus major outershell glycoprotein were identified by using mutant viruses selected for resistance to neutralizing (serotype-specific) monoclonal antibodies. the glycoprotein genes from these mutants were sequenced to determine the position and nature of the resultant amino acid substitutions in the protein. three regions (a, b, and c) were identified (amino acids 87-96, 145-150, and 211-223, respectively), of which region c appears to be the most important. a mutatio ... | 1986 | 2422651 |
| protective effect of orally administered immunoglobulins against experimental calf diarrhea. | 1986 | 2423734 | |
| genetic reassortment between two human rotaviruses having different serotype and subgroup specificities. | two reassortant viruses were selected from a mixed infection of ma104 cells with human rotavirus strains wa (serotype 1-subgroup ii) and hn126 (serotype 2-subgroup i). antigenic characterization and genotype analysis by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that they were reassortants with novel antigenic compositions, i.e. serotype 1-subgroup i (c116) and serotype 2-subgroup ii (c15). furthermore one of them, c15, was considered to have a mosaic antigenicity defined by two serotype-specif ... | 1986 | 2426394 |
| derivation of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to human rotaviruses and evidence that an immunodominant neutralization site is shared between serotypes 1 and 3. | neutralizing monoclonal antibodies were derived to human rotaviruses rv-4 (serotype 1), rv-5 (serotype 2), and st-3 (serotype 4). by enzyme immunoassay and fluorescent focus neutralization, eight of the antibodies appeared to be specific for the immunizing serotype, and so have potential as reagents for rotavirus serotyping by enzyme immunoassay. seven of these were shown by western blotting, enzyme immunoassay for antibody additivity, and reaction with rotavirus reassortants, to be directed aga ... | 1986 | 2429439 |
| prevention of calf diarrhea with an immunoglobulin diet in beef herds. | 1986 | 2431184 | |
| antigenic mapping of the surface proteins of rhesus rotavirus. | monoclonal antibodies have been produced and used to map the functional topography of the surface proteins of rhesus rotavirus (rrv) that mediate viral neutralization. ten monoclonal antibodies directed to vp7 were studied in neutralization assays and competitive binding studies. a large neutralization domain with several interrelated epitopes on vp7 was apparent. twelve monoclonal antibodies directed to vp3 were used in similar studies and delineated at least 2 distinct neutralization domains o ... | 1986 | 2431540 |
| rotavirus-like infection associated with diarrhea in okapi. | 1986 | 2851576 | |
| seroepidemiology of rotavirus in singapore. | 1986 | 2822792 | |
| derivation of a monoclonal antibody against the group specific antigen of rotaviruses and its use in a diagnostic enzymatic immunoassay. | 1986 | 2827408 | |
| [incidence of rotavirus in the menino jesus pediatric hospital (sp): elisa--a practical and efficient method for its detection]. | seventy infants and children with age from 2 months to 4 years old were admitted to "hospital infantil menino jesus", in são paulo, brazil, in the period from march 1983 to june 1984 with acute diarrhea. feces from these patients were analysed in the search of rotavirus and enteropathogenic bacteria (shigella, salmonella and e. coli), for the purpose of defining the role of rotavirus as an agent of acute diarrhea in infants and young children in this country. elisa (enzyme-linked immuno sorbent ... | 1986 | 2831862 |
| [ultrastructure of rotavirus]. | the human rotavirus is an icosadeltahedral structure, with a characteristic pattern of a triangulation number (t) of 13 with a skew symmetry. the inner layer of the rotavirus has 132 morphological units, with 260 structural units of trimetric structure. it is possible that the outer layer is a smooth geodesic shell. | 1986 | 2823323 |
| synthesis of simian rotavirus sa11 double-stranded rna in a cell-free system. | a cell-free system was developed to study the replication of simian rotavirus sa11. the components of the system included (i) subviral particles prepared from infected cells to template the synthesis of viral rna and (ii) an mrna-dependent rabbit reticulocyte lysate to support protein synthesis. based upon nuclease-sensitivity, approximately 20% of the rna made in vitro was double-stranded (dsrna) and 80% single-stranded (ssrna). electrophoretic analysis of the rna products on polyacrylamide and ... | 1986 | 2437720 |
| rotavirus-associated gastro-enteritis at ga-rankuwa hospital. a pilot study. | during 1982 a pilot study was initiated to investigate the prevalence of rotavirus-associated gastro-enteritis among the infants and young children admitted to the gastro-enteritis unit at ga-rankuwa hospital. the seasonal parameters of the area were included in the study. from march to december 1982 rectal swabs were randomly collected from 256 of the more than 3 000 admissions to the unit. the swabs were stored at -20 degrees c until assayed in duplicate by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ... | 1986 | 3941937 |
| clinical profile of rotavirus enteritis in ethiopian children. | 1986 | 3943514 | |
| antibody response in serum and intestine in children up to six months after a naturally acquired rotavirus gastroenteritis. | the aim of this study was to provide detailed information about the local and systemic antibody response and their relationship following a rotavirus gastroenteritis. rotavirus-specific immunoglobulins were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the study included 49 children referred to hospital with rotavirus gastroenteritis and 16 children with nonrotavirus gastroenteritis. the concentrations of rotavirus immunoglobulin a (iga) in serum increased within the first 2 weeks and t ... | 1986 | 3944746 |
| outbreak of cryptosporidiosis in a day-care center. | an outbreak of diarrhea due to infection with cryptosporidium occurred in a day-care center. during a period of 2 months, 23 of 53 (43%) children attending the day-care center and 15 of 104 (14%) household contacts had diarrhea. cryptosporidium oocysts were identified in 13 of 20 (65%) symptomatic children tested compared with three of 27 (11%) asymptomatic children (chi 2 = 12.56, p less than .001). enteropathogenic bacteria, enteroviruses, rotavirus, and other protozoan parasites were ruled ou ... | 1986 | 3945528 |
| nutritional implications and physiologic response to pediatric diarrhea. | as depicted in figure 1 acute diarrhea causes the host to undergo a sequence of hormonal, metabolic and immunologic responses, all of which have a nutritional cost. the impact will be more significant in the debilitated or marginally nourished child. from a nutritional point of view this process of nutrient loss and redistribution has the potential for being exploited to the benefit of the host. two treatment techniques could be used to improve the host response to infection. nutrients which are ... | 1986 | 3945585 |
| a serologic survey of rotavirus infection in pigs. | neutralizing antibodies to rotavirus were found in 97.18% of the serum samples obtained from pigs from representative regions of italy. the antibodies are distributed fairly uniformly throughout the swine population with all age groups being equally involved. | 1986 | 3951365 |
| local and systemic antibody response to rotavirus infection. | 1986 | 3958843 | |
| t-cell-deficient mice display normal recovery from experimental rotavirus infection. | rotaviruses are common causes of diarrhea in animals and humans. little is known, however, about the components of the host response to these viruses. rotavirus infection was studied in athymic mice experimentally infected with murine rotavirus. neonatal t-cell-deficient mice experienced a self-limited gastrointestinal infection which was identical to that observed in age-matched immunocompetent mice. adult t-cell-deficient seronegative mice and age-matched normal mice showed a similar extent of ... | 1986 | 3484788 |
| [infantile diarrhea in libreville (gabon). ecological studies]. | the identification of different infectious agents found in infantile diarrheas was undertaken in 237 children hospitalized in pediatric institutions in libreville. in neonates between 0 and 18 months of age, the most common pathogen was rotavirus (20.6%), followed by shigella (10.8%), e. coli (9.24%), salmonella (3.46%), e. histolytica (0.8%) and y. enterocolitica (0.4%). the highest percentage of diarrheas caused by rotaviruses was found among children between 6 and 11 months of age. the freque ... | 1986 | 3548635 |
| observations questioning a protective role for breast-feeding in severe rotavirus diarrhea. | to investigate whether breast-feeding protects children against rotavirus diarrhea (rvd), we compared rates of breast-feeding by age and enteric pathogens among 2,276 children with diarrhea 0-4 years of age who attended a diarrhea hospital in bangladesh. infants 0-5 months were less likely to be breast-fed than children 6-11 months of age suggesting that some protection against diarrhea with all agents was associated with early breast-feeding. in every age group studied, breast-feeding was more ... | 1986 | 3564939 |
| intestinal permeability in small children during and after rotavirus diarrhoea assessed with different-size polyethyleneglycols (peg 400 and peg 1000). | the permeability properties of the small intestinal mucosa was investigated in nine previously healthy children with acute diarrhoea due to rotavirus. the investigation was performed after intake of a mixture in water of polyethyleneglycol molecules (peg 400 and 1000) ranging from 282 to 1250 dalton in molecular weight. the 6-h urinary recovery of the pegs was determined with high performance liquid chromatography and used to assess the permeability characteristics of the intestine. the patients ... | 1986 | 3564957 |
| in vitro antiviral activity of the 6-substituted 2-(3',4'-dichlorophenoxy)-2h-pyrano[2,3-b]pyridines mdl 20,610, mdl 20,646, and mdl 20,957. | the 6-substituted 2-(3',4'-dichlorophenoxy)-2h-pyrano[2,3-b]pyridines mdl 20,610 (6-so2ch3), mdl 20,646 (6-br), and mdl 20,957 (6-cl) are potent antirhinovirus compounds with median plaque 50% inhibitory concentrations (ic1/2s) of 0.03, 0.006, and 0.006 micrograms/ml, respectively, against the 32 serotypes evaluated. the 6-halogenated analogs produced 99% reductions in progeny virion yields at concentrations as low as 0.004 micrograms/ml. however, these analogs perturbated hela cell metabolism a ... | 1986 | 3593475 |
| [diarrhea caused by rotaviruses in infants]. | 1986 | 3575763 |