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microbial floral dynamics of chinese traditional soybean paste (doujiang) and commercial soybean paste.traditional soybean paste from shandong liangshan and tianyuan jiangyuan commercial soybean paste were chosen for analysis and comparison of their bacterial and fungal dynamics using denaturing gel gradient electrophoresis and 16s rrna gene clone libraries. the bacterial diversity results showed that more than 20 types of bacteria were present in traditional shandong soybean paste during its fermentation process, whereas only six types of bacteria were present in the commercial soybean paste. th ...201324002452
screening of extracts from natural feed ingredients for their ability to reduce enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) k88 adhesion to porcine intestinal epithelial cell-line ipec-j2.enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) k88 is the most prevalent enteropathogen in weaned piglets, with the ability to express fimbria f4 and specifically attach to intestinal receptors in the young piglet. the prevention of etec k88 adhesion to the epithelium by interfering in this fimbria-receptor recognition provides an alternative approach to prevent the initial stage of disease. the aim of this study is to screen, among different feed ingredients (fi), their ability to reduce etec k88 atta ...201323992796
aspergillus oryzae aoso is a novel component of stress granules upon heat stress in filamentous fungi.stress granules are a type of cytoplasmic messenger ribonucleoprotein (mrnp) granule formed in response to the inhibition of translation initiation, which typically occurs when cells are exposed to stress. stress granules are conserved in eukaryotes; however, in filamentous fungi, including aspergillus oryzae, stress granules have not yet been defined. for this reason, here we investigated the formation and localization of stress granules in a. oryzae cells exposed to various stresses using an e ...201323991062
random mutagenesis of the aspergillus oryzae genome results in fungal antibacterial activity.multidrug-resistant bacteria cause severe infections in hospitals and communities. development of new drugs to combat resistant microorganisms is needed. natural products of microbial origin are the source of most currently available antibiotics. we hypothesized that random mutagenesis of aspergillus oryzae would result in secretion of antibacterial compounds. to address this hypothesis, we developed a screen to identify individual a. oryzae mutants that inhibit the growth of methicillin-resista ...201323983696
activation mechanism of melb tyrosinase from aspergillus oryzae by acidic treatment.the pro form of recombinant tyrosinase from aspergillus oryzae (melb) shows no catalytic activity, but acid treatment (around ph 3.5) of protyrosinase activates it to induce tyrosinase activity. circular dichroism spectra, gel filtration analysis, and colorimetric assay have indicated that acid treatment around ph 3.5 induced the disruption of the conformation of the c-terminal domain covering the enzyme active site. these structural changes induced by the acid treatment may open the entrance to ...201323053534
characterization of a novel lipolytic enzyme from aspergillus oryzae.in this study, we report the characterization of a protein from aspergillus oryzae, exhibiting sequence identity with paraben esterase from the genus aspergillus. the coding region of 1,586 bp, including a 77-bp intron, encoded a protein of 502 amino acids. the gene without the signal peptide of 19 amino acids was cloned into a vector, ppiczαc, and expressed successfully in pichia pastoris as an active extracellular protein. the purified recombinant protein had ph and temperature optima of 7.0-8 ...201323001008
endophytes from an australian native plant are a promising source of industrially useful enzymes.endophytes are microorganisms that live within plant tissues that are potential sources of novel bioactive compounds, including enzymes. we have identified endophytes of the australian native plant eremophilia longifolia which were screened for the production of industrially useful enzymes. seventeen fungal endophytes were isolated from the leaves of e. longifolia and enzyme production was investigated within a range of ph (3.5, 5.5, 7 and 9) and temperatures (9, 25, 37 and 50 °c). amylase was t ...201323054705
identification of regulatory elements in the glucoamylase-encoding gene (glab) promoter from aspergillus oryzae.the aspergillus oryzae glucoamylase-encoding gene glab is expressed specifically and strongly only during solid-state cultivation (ssc). to elucidate the basis for the specificity, the glab promoter was analyzed by electrophoretic gel mobility shift assay (emsa) which indicated two protein-binding elements from -382 to -353 and from -332 to -313. to confirm that these regions contained cis-elements, deletion analysis of the promoter was undertaken using β-glucuronidase as a reporter. the results ...201323224588
functional analysis of aoatg1 and detection of the cvt pathway in aspergillus oryzae.autophagy is a degradation system in which cellular components are digested via vacuoles/lysosomes. in the budding yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, the induction of autophagy results from inactivation of target of rapamycin complex 1 (torc1), promoting formation of the serine/threonine kinase atg1, which is one of the key autophagy-related (atg) proteins required for both nonselective and selective autophagy such as the cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting (cvt) pathway. here, to understand the inducti ...201323136971
high production of llama variable heavy-chain antibody fragment (vhh) fused to various reader proteins by aspergillus oryzae.llama variable heavy-chain antibody fragment (vhh) fused to four different reader proteins was produced and secreted in culture medium by aspergillus oryzae. these fusion proteins consisted of n-terminal reader proteins, vhh, and a c-terminal his-tag sequence which facilitated purification using one-step his-tag affinity chromatography. sds-page analysis of the deglycosylated purified fusion proteins confirmed that the molecular weight of each corresponded to the expected sum of vhh and the resp ...201322752366
steroid toxicity and detoxification in ascomycetous fungi.in the last couple of decades fungal infections have become a significant clinical problem. a major interest into fungal steroid action has been provoked since research has proven that steroid hormones are toxic to fungi and affect the host/fungus relationship. steroid hormones were found to differ in their antifungal activity in ascomycetous fungi hortaea werneckii, saccharomyces cerevisiae and aspergillus oryzae. dehydroepiandrosterone was shown to be the strongest inhibitor of growth in all t ...201323257178
increased production of fatty acids and triglycerides in aspergillus oryzae by enhancing expressions of fatty acid synthesis-related genes.microbial production of fats and oils is being developed as a means of converting biomass to biofuels. here we investigate enhancing expression of enzymes involved in the production of fatty acids and triglycerides as a means to increase production of these compounds in aspergillus oryzae. examination of the a. oryzae genome demonstrates that it contains two fatty acid synthases and several other genes that are predicted to be part of this biosynthetic pathway. we enhanced the expression of fatt ...201322733113
offline and online capillary electrophoresis enzyme assays of β-n-acetylhexosaminidase.enzyme assays of β-n-acetylhexosaminidase from aspergillus oryzae using capillary electrophoresis in the offline and online setup have been developed. the ph value and concentration of the borate-based background electrolyte were optimized in order to achieve baseline separation of n,n',n″-triacetylchitotriose, n,n'-diacetylchitobiose, and n-acetyl-d-glucosamine. the optimized method using 25 mm tetraborate buffer, ph 10.0, was evaluated in terms of repeatability, limits of detection, quantifica ...201323338752
detailed analysis of galactooligosaccharides synthesis with β-galactosidase from aspergillus oryzae.the synthesis of galactooligosaccharides (gos) catalyzed by β-galactosidase from aspergillus oryzae (enzeco) was studied. using 400 g/l of lactose and 15 u/ml, maximum gos yield, measured by hpaec-pad, was 26.8% w/w of total carbohydrates, obtained at approximately 70% lactose conversion. no less than 17 carbohydrates were identified; the major transgalactosylation product was 6'-o-β-galactosyl-lactose, representing nearly one-third (in weight) of total gos. in contrast with previous reports, th ...201323330921
discovery and characterization of a new family of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases.lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (lpmos) are a recently discovered class of enzymes capable of oxidizing recalcitrant polysaccharides. they are attracting considerable attention owing to their potential use in biomass conversion, notably in the production of biofuels. previous studies have identified two discrete sequence-based families of these enzymes termed aa9 (formerly gh61) and aa10 (formerly cbm33). here, we report the discovery of a third family of lpmos. using a chitin-degrading exem ...201424362702
enhanced β-galactosidase production of aspergillus oryzae mutated by uv and licl.in order to breed a high-yield β-galactosidase-producing strain, aspergillus oryzae was used as the parent strain and mutagenized with ultraviolet (uv) and uv plus lithium chloride (licl), respectively. after being mutagenized by uv, the β-galactosidase activity of mutant uv-15-20 reached 114.08 u/ml, which revealed a 49.22% increase compared with the original strain. a mutant uv-licl-38 with high β-galactosidase activity (121.42 u/ml) was obtained after compound mutagenesis of uv and licl; the ...201424274018
effects of direct-fed microbial supplementation on broiler performance, intestinal nutrient transport and integrity under experimental conditions with increased microbial challenge.1. the effects of aspergillus oryzae- and bacillus subtilis-based direct-fed microbials (dfm) were investigated on the performance, ileal nutrient transport and intestinal integrity of broiler chickens, raised under experimental conditions, with increased intestinal microbial challenge. 2. the first study was a 3 × 2 factorial experiment, with 3 dietary treatments (control (con), con + dfm and con + antibiotic growth promoter) with and without challenge. chicks were fed experimental diets from 1 ...201424219515
improved α-amylase production by aspergillus oryzae after a double deletion of genes involved in carbon catabolite repression.in filamentous fungi, the expression of secretory glycoside hydrolase encoding genes, such as those for amylases, cellulases, and xylanases, is generally repressed in the presence of glucose. crea and creb have been observed to be regulating factors for carbon catabolite repression. in this study, we generated single and double deletion crea and/or creb mutants in aspergillus oryzae. the α-amylase activities of each strain were compared under various culture conditions. for the wild-type strain, ...201424213479
efficient formation of heterokaryotic sclerotia in the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae.heterokaryon formation by hyphal fusion occurs during a sexual/parasexual cycle in filamentous fungi, and therefore, it is biotechnologically important for crossbreeding. in the industrial filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae, a parasexual cycle has been reported, and it was recently suggested that sexual reproduction should be possible. however, as a. oryzae enters into hyphal fusion with a much lower frequency than neurospora crassa, the process of heterokaryon formation has not been extensiv ...201424201891
motif-independent prediction of a secondary metabolism gene cluster using comparative genomics: application to sequenced genomes of aspergillus and ten other filamentous fungal species.despite their biological importance, a significant number of genes for secondary metabolite biosynthesis (smb) remain undetected due largely to the fact that they are highly diverse and are not expressed under a variety of cultivation conditions. several software tools including smurf and antismash have been developed to predict fungal smb gene clusters by finding core genes encoding polyketide synthase, nonribosomal peptide synthetase and dimethylallyltryptophan synthase as well as several othe ...201424727546
rapid delivery of diazepam from supersaturated solutions prepared using prodrug/enzyme mixtures: toward intranasal treatment of seizure emergencies.current treatments for seizure emergencies, such as status epilepticus, include intravenous or rectal administration of benzodiazepines. while intranasal delivery of these drugs is desirable, the small volume of the nasal cavity and low drug solubility pose significant difficulties. here, we prepared supersaturated diazepam solutions under physiological conditions and without precipitation, using a prodrug/enzyme system. avizafone, a peptide prodrug of diazepam, was delivered with--aspergillus o ...201424700272
effects of codon optimization on the mrna levels of heterologous genes in filamentous fungi.filamentous fungi, particularly aspergillus species, have recently attracted attention as host organisms for recombinant protein production. because the secretory yields of heterologous proteins are generally low compared with those of homologous proteins or proteins from closely related fungal species, several strategies to produce substantial amounts of recombinant proteins have been conducted. codon optimization is a powerful tool for improving the production levels of heterologous proteins. ...201424682479
new insights into heat induced structural changes of pectin methylesterase on fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular modeling basis.heat-induced structural changes of aspergillus oryzae pectin methylesterase (pme) were studied by means of fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular modeling, whereas the functional enzyme stability was monitored by inactivation studies. the fluorescence spectroscopy experiments were performed at two ph value (4.5 and 7.0). at both ph values, the phase diagrams were linear, indicating the presence of two molecular species induced by thermal treatment. a red shift of 7 nm was observed at neutral ph ...201424657465
biorefinery development through utilization of biodiesel industry by-products as sole fermentation feedstock for 1,3-propanediol production.rapeseed meal (rsm) hydrolysate was evaluated as substitute for commercial nutrient supplements in 1,3-propanediol (pdo) fermentation using the strain clostridium butyricum vpi 1718. rsm was enzymatically converted into a generic fermentation feedstock, enriched in amino acids, peptides and various micro-nutrients, using crude enzyme consortia produced via solid state fermentation by a fungal strain of aspergillus oryzae. initial free amino nitrogen concentration influenced pdo production in bat ...201424650530
physiological characterization of the high malic acid-producing aspergillus oryzae strain 2103a-68.malic acid is a c₄ dicarboxylic acid that is currently mainly used in the food and beverages industry as an acidulant. because of the versatility of the group of c₄ dicarboxylic acids, the chemical industry has a growing interest in this chemical compound. as malic acid will be considered as a bulk chemical, microbial production requires organisms that sustain high rates, yields, and titers. aspergillus oryzae is mainly known as an industrial enzyme producer, but it was also shown that it has a ...201424413918
functional analysis of histone deacetylase and its role in stress response, drug resistance and solid-state cultivation in aspergillus oryzae.in the eukaryotic cell, histone deacetylases (hdacs) play key roles in the regulation of fundamental cellular process such as development regulation, stress response, secondary metabolism and genome integrity. here, we provide a comprehensive phenotypic analysis using hdac disruptants in aspergillus oryzae. our study revealed that four hdacs, hdaa/aohda1, hdab/aorpd3, hdad/aohos2 and hst4/aohstd were involved in stress response, cell wall synthesis and chromatin integrity in a. oryzae. osmotic s ...201424613105
enzymatic transformation of polydatin to resveratrol by piceid-β-d-glucosidase from aspergillus oryzae.resveratrol is now gaining much attention because of its pharmacological properties. polygonum cuspidatum has the highest content of resveratrol in plants and is the best material offering resveratrol. however, the content of resveratrol in p. cuspidatum is much lower compared with its glycoside polydatin. in this study, enzymatic transformation of polydatin to resveratrol by piceid-β-d-glucosidase from aspergillus oryzae sp. 100 was investigated. the biotransformation conditions were optimized. ...201424362562
sequence analysis and heterologous expression of the wool cuticle-degrading enzyme encoding genes in fusarium oxysporum 26-1.two protease-like proteins, krta and krtc, were identified in fusarium oxysporum 26-1. genes coding these proteins, krta and krtc, were isolated and characterized. recombinant krta (rkrta) and krtc (rkrtc) were successfully expressed in aspergillus oryzae and secreted. the combination of rkrta and rkrtc completely removed the cuticle of wool fibers.201424360406
process characterization and influence of alternative carbon sources and carbon-to-nitrogen ratio on organic acid production by aspergillus oryzae dsm1863.l-malic acid and fumaric acid are c4 dicarboxylic organic acids and considered as promising chemical building blocks. they can be applied as food preservatives and acidulants in rust removal and as polymerization starter units. molds of the genus aspergillus are able to produce malic acid in large quantities from glucose and other carbon sources. in order to enhance the production potential of aspergillus oryzae dsm 1863, production and consumption rates in an established bioreactor batch-proces ...201424604500
purification and evaluation of the enzymatic properties of a novel fructosyltransferase from aspergillus oryzae: a potential biocatalyst for the synthesis of sucrose 6-acetate.a novel fructosyltransferase (aoft) capable of synthesizing sucrose 6-acetate (s6a) from sucrose and glucose 6-acetate has been purified to homogeneity from aspergillus oryzae zz-01. its molecular mass was ~50 kda by sds-page; optimal activity was at 45 °c and it was stable from ph 4.5 to 7.5 with an optimum ph of 6. mg(2+), k(+) (5 mm), propanol, toluene (50%, v/v), tween 20 or triton x-100 (1%, w/v) increased the transfructosylation activity by 20, 17, 17, 10, 25 and 20%, respectively. an over ...201424563291
implementation of a metal structured packing in a fungal biofilm reactor for the production of a recombinant protein by aspergillus oryzae. 201425864332
immobilization of aspergillus oryzae  β-galactosidase on cellulose acetate-polymethylmethacrylate membrane and its application in hydrolysis of lactose from milk and whey.the present study demonstrates the immobilization of aspergillus oryzae β-galactosidase on cellulose acetate-polymethylmethacrylate (ca-pmma) membrane and its application in hydrolyzing lactose in dairy industries. the effect of physical and chemical denaturants like ph, temperature, product inhibition by galactose, storage stability, and reuse number of the enzyme immobilized on ca-pmma membrane has been investigated. lactose was hydrolyzed from milk and whey in batch reactors at 50°c by free a ...201427350979
biochemical characterization of aspergillus oryzae native tannase and the recombinant enzyme expressed in pichia pastoris.in this study, the biochemical properties of the recombinant tannase from aspegillus oryzae were compared with those of the native enzyme. extracellular native tannase was purified from a commercial enzyme source. recombinant tannase highly expressed in pichia pastoris was prepared as an active extracellular protein. purified native and recombinant tannases produced smeared bands with apparent molecular masses of 45-80 kda and 45-75 kda, respectively, by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel ...201424856589
targeted tandem duplication of a large chromosomal segment in aspergillus oryzae.we describe here the first successful construction of a targeted tandem duplication of a large chromosomal segment in aspergillus oryzae. the targeted tandem chromosomal duplication was achieved by using strains that had a 5'-deleted pyrg upstream of the region targeted for tandem chromosomal duplication and a 3'-deleted pyrg downstream of the target region. consequently,strains bearing a 210-kb targeted tandem chromosomal duplication near the centromeric region of chromosome 8 and strains beari ...201424837372
purification and characterization of a prolyl endopeptidase isolated from aspergillus oryzae.a new fungal strain that was isolated from our library was identified as an aspergillus oryzae and noted to produce a novel proly endopeptidase. the enzyme was isolated, purified, and characterized. the molecular mass of the prolyl endopeptidase was estimated to be 60 kda by using sds-page. further biochemical characterization assays revealed that the enzyme attained optimal activity at ph 4.0 with acid ph stability from 3.0 to 5.0. its optimum temperature was 30 °c and residual activity after 3 ...201424241934
production optimization and expression of pectin releasing enzyme from aspergillus oryzae po.protopectinase is an enzyme that solubilizes protopectin forming highly polymerized soluble pectin. protopectinase activity was detected from aspergillus oryzae po isolated from soil of persimmon orchard. response surface methodology of box-behnken design with three fermentation variables (temperature, nano3 and apple pomace concentration) was used to optimize protopectinase production of a. oryzae po, and protopectinase activity was improved to 270.0 u/ml. endo-polygalacturonase belonged to a-t ...201424299753
a comparative study on the degradation of gallic acid by aspergillus oryzae and phanerochaete chrysosporium.recently, as an emerging persistent dissolved organic pollutant (dop), gallic acid (ga) and its efficient decomposition methods have received global attention. the present work aimed to compare the effect of aspergillus oryzae 5992 and phanerochaete chrysosporium 40719 on degradation of different concentrations of ga. the a. oryzae grew well and achieved a ga removal rate up to 99% in media containing 1-4% ga, much higher than p. chrysosporium. the activity of laccase and lignin peroxidase excre ...201425026596
[gene cloning, expression of a feruloyl esterase a and purification of its hydrolysis products].to express feruloyl esterase a from aspergillus oryzae in pichia pastoris expression system and study its hydrolysis function, explore the conditions and effects of purification for ferulic acid extracts by macroporos resin. using the total rna from a. oryzae cicc 40186 as the template, we amplified coding sequence aorfaea encoding a mature feruloyl esterase a (aorfaea) by rt-pcr technique. then, the coding sequence aorfaea was successfully expressed in pichia pastoris gs115 mediated by an expre ...201425007578
quantitation and structural determination of glucosylceramides contained in sake lees.sake lees are solid parts filtered from the mash of sake, the traditional rice wine of japan, which is brewed with aspergillus oryzae and saccharomyces cerevisiae. the moisture-holding activity of sake lees has long been recognized in japan. however, the constituent responsible for this activity has not been elucidated. in this study, we first determined the structure of the glucosylceramides contained in sake lees. the glucosylceramides contained in sake lees were n-2'-hydroxyoctadecanoyl-l-o-β ...201424389795
trimming of glucosylated n-glycans by human er α1,2-mannosidase i.in the endoplasmic reticulum (er), folding of proteins modified by asparagine-linked (n-linked) glycosylation is precisely monitored by quality control machinery. upon exit from the calnexin/calreticulin cycle, glycoproteins are digested by α-mannosidases in the er, especially α1,2-mannosidase i (ermani). ermani removes the α1,2-linked mannose of the b-chain from properly folded er glycoproteins, whereas two or more α1,2-linked mannose residues are sequentially trimmed from improperly folded gly ...201424519966
gas chromatography/mass spectrometry based component profiling and quality prediction for japanese sake.sake is a japanese traditional alcoholic beverage, which is produced by simultaneous saccharification and alcohol fermentation of polished and steamed rice by aspergillus oryzae and saccharomyces cerevisiae. about 300 compounds have been identified in sake, and the contribution of individual components to the sake flavor has been examined at the same time. however, only a few compounds could explain the characteristics alone and most of the attributes still remain unclear. the purpose of this st ...201425060729
effects of dietary fermented seaweed and seaweed fusiforme on growth performance, carcass parameters and immunoglobulin concentration in broiler chicks.this study was conducted to investigate the effects of brown seaweed (undaria pinnatifida) by-product and seaweed fusiforme (hizikia fusiformis) by-product supplementation on growth performance and blood profiles including serum immunoglobulin (ig) in broilers. fermentation of seaweeds was conducted by bacillus subtilis and aspergillus oryzae. in a 5-wk feeding trial, 750 one-d-old broiler chicks were divided into 5 groups, and were assigned to the control diet or experimental diets including co ...201425050025
comparison of the genomes and transcriptomes associated with the different protease secretions of aspergillus oryzae 100-8 and 3.042.aspergillus oryzae is used to produce traditional fermented foods and beverages. a. oryzae 3.042 produces a neutral protease and an alkaline protease but rarely an acid protease, which is unfavourable to soy-sauce fermentation. a. oryzae 100-8 was obtained by n(+) ion implantation mutagenesis of a. oryzae 3.042, and the protease secretions of these two strains are different. sequencing the genome of a. oryzae 100-8 and comparing it to the genomes of a. oryzae 100-8 and 3.042 revealed some differ ...201425048221
structure-activity relationship of highly potent galactonoamidine inhibitors toward β-galactosidase (aspergillus oryzae).a small library of 22 n-substituted galactonoamidines was synthesized, and their structure-activity relationship for inhibition of the hydrolytic activity of β-galactosidase (aspergillus oryzae) was evaluated. a fast screening assay in 96-well plate format was used to follow the enzymatic hydrolysis of 2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl-β-d-galactopyranoside using uv-vis spectroscopy. the aglycon moiety of all compounds was found to have a profound effect on their inhibitory ability. in general, galactonoam ...201425295392
involvement of hydrophobic amino acid residues in c7-c8 loop of aspergillus oryzae hydrophobin rola in hydrophobic interaction between rola and a polyester.hydrophobins are amphipathic secretory proteins with eight conserved cysteine residues and are ubiquitous among filamentous fungi. the cys3-cys4 and cys7-cys8 loops of hydrophobins are thought to form hydrophobic segments involved in adsorption of hydrophobins on hydrophobic surfaces. when the fungus aspergillus oryzae is grown in a liquid medium containing the polyester polybutylene succinate-co-adipate (pbsa), a. oryzae produces hydrophobin rola, which attaches to pbsa. here, we analyzed the k ...201425273133
effects of aspergillus oryzae culture and 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)-butanoic acid on in vitro rumen fermentation and microbial populations between different roughage sources.an in vitro experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of aspergillus oryzae culture (aoc) and 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)-butanoic acid (hmb) on rumen fermentation and microbial populations between different roughage sources. two roughage sources (chinese wild rye [cwr] vs corn silage [cs]) were assigned in a 2×3 factorial arrangement with hmb (0 or 15 mg) and aoc (0, 3, or 6 mg). gas production (gp), microbial protein (mcp) and total volatile fatty acid (vfa) were increased in response to a ...201425178372
biotransformation of the mycotoxin zearalenone by fungi of the genera rhizopus and aspergillus.zearalenone (zen) is a nonsteroidal estrogenic mycotoxin biosynthesized by various fusarium fungi. these fungal species frequently infest grains; therefore, zen represents a common contaminant in cereal products. the biotransformation of zen differs significantly from species to species, and several metabolites are known to be formed by animals, plants, and microorganisms. the aim of the present study was to investigate the microbial conversion of zen by species of the genera rhizopus and asperg ...201425145804
regioselective synthesis of cytarabine monopropionate by using a fungal whole-cell biocatalyst in nonaqueous medium.the utilization of a dehydrated fungal biocatalyst of aspergillus oryzae cells was successfully performed to achieve efficient acylation modification of a polar nucleoside cytarabine (ara-c). organic solvents showed evident influence on the reaction catalyzed by the a. oryzae whole-cells. except for hexane-pyridine, the catalytic activity and regioselectivity of the whole-cells clearly increased with increasing the polarity of the hydrophobic organic solvents used. the effects of some crucial fa ...201424957351
biochemical properties of a new cold-active mono- and diacylglycerol lipase from marine member janibacter sp. strain htcc2649.mono- and di-acylglycerol lipase has been applied to industrial usage in oil modification for its special substrate selectivity. until now, the reported mono- and di-acylglycerol lipases from microorganism are limited, and there is no report on the mono- and di-acylglycerol lipase from bacteria. a predicted lipase (named maj1) from marine janibacter sp. strain htcc2649 was purified and biochemical characterized. maj1 was clustered in the family i.7 of esterase/lipase. the optimum activity of the ...201424927145
speradines f-h, three new oxindole alkaloids from the marine-derived fungus aspergillus oryzae.a rare hexacyclic oxindole alkaloid, speradine f (1), together with two novel tetracyclic oxindole alkaloids, speradines g (2) and h (3), were isolated from the marine-derived fungus aspergillus oryzae. their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods and x-ray diffraction analysis. this study is the first report on cyclopiazonic acid (cpa)-type alkaloids with a hexacyclic skeleton.201424966178
trichoderma reesei xyn vi--a novel appendage-dependent eukaryotic glucuronoxylan hydrolase.expression of a trichoderma reesei gene coding for a putative gh30 xylanase in aspergillus oryzae led to isolation and purification of a novel xylanase exhibiting catalytic properties different from those of the previously characterized gh30 xylanase xyn iv of t. reesei. the novel enzyme, named xyn vi, exhibited catalytic properties similar to appendage-dependent gh30 glucuronoxylanases previously recognized only in bacteria. xyn vi showed high specific activity only on xylans or xylooligosaccha ...201425041335
plant-available inorganic nutrient levels are increased in rice-derived distillery effluents inoculated with microbes.the purpose of this study was to assess the effects of microbes on plant-available inorganic nutrients and a phytohormone in rice-derived distillery effluents.201425040155
expression, purification and crystallization of a fungal type iii polyketide synthase that produces the csypyrones.csyb from aspergillus oryzae is a novel type iii polyketide synthase that catalyzes the formation of csypyrone b1 [4-(3-acetyl-4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2h-pyran-6-yl)butyric acid] from fatty acyl-coa, malonyl-coa and acetoacetyl-coa. recombinant csyb expressed in escherichia coli was crystallized by the sitting-drop vapour-diffusion method. the crystals belonged to space p2₁, with unit-cell parameters a=70.0, b=104.8, c=73.5 å, β=114.4°.201424915080
draft genome sequence of aspergillus oryzae 100-8, an increased acid protease production strain.aspergillus oryzae is a common fungus for traditional fermentation in asia, such as spirit, soybean paste, and soy sauce fermentation. we report the 36.7-mbp draft genome sequence of a. oryzae 100-8 and compared it to the published genome sequence of a. oryzae 3.042.201424903875
aspergillus oryzae csyb catalyzes the condensation of two β-ketoacyl-coas to form 3-acetyl-4-hydroxy-6-alkyl-α-pyrone.the type iii polyketide synthases from fungi produce a variety of secondary metabolites including pyrones, resorcinols, and resorcylic acids. we previously reported that csyb from aspergillus oryzae forms α-pyrone csypyrone b compounds when expressed in a. oryzae. feeding experiments of labeled acetates indicated that a fatty acyl starter is involved in the reaction catalyzed by csyb. here we report the in vivo and in vitro reconstitution analysis of csyb. when csyb was expressed in escherichia ...201424895122
aspergillus oryzae-based cell factory for direct kojic acid production from cellulose.kojic acid (5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-pyrone) is one of the major secondary metabolites in aspergillus oryzae. it is widely used in food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. the production cost, however, is too high for its use in many applications. thus, an efficient and cost-effective kojic acid production process would be valuable. however, little is known about the complete set of genes for kojic acid production. currently, kojic acid is produced from glucose. the efficient production of koj ...201424885968
phytase production by aspergillus oryzae in solid-state fermentation and its applicability in dephytinization of wheat bran [corrected].aspergillus oryzae sbs50 secreted a high titre of phytase in solid-state fermentation (ssf) using wheat bran at 30 °c after 96 h at the initial substrate to moisture ratio of 1:2 and a water activity of 0.95. the production of phytase increased when wheat bran was supplemented with sucrose and beef extract. further enhancement in enzyme production was recorded when the substrate was supplemented with the surfactant triton x-100 (145 u/g of dmb). an overall 29-fold improvement in phytase producti ...201424879597
over-expression of a proline specific aminopeptidase from aspergillus oryzae jn-412 and its application in collagen degradation.a strain that exhibited intracellular proline-specific aminopeptidase (pap) activity was isolated from soy sauce koji and identified as aspergillus oryzae jn-412. the gene coding pap was cloned and efficiently expressed in escherichia coli bl21 in a biologically active form. the highest specific activity reached 52.28 u mg(-1) at optimum cultivation conditions. the recombinant enzyme was purified 3.3-fold to homogeneity with a recovery of 36.7% from cell-free extract using ni-affinity column chr ...201424879594
biocontrol activity of the local strain of metschnikowia pulcherrima on different postharvest pathogens.the strains of the yeast metschnikowia pulcherrima have strong biocontrol activity against various microorganisms. biocontrol activity of m. pulcherrima largely depends on its iron immobilizing pigment pulcherrimin. biocontrol activity of pulcherrimin producing strain, m. pulcherrima umy15, isolated from local vineyards, was tested on different molds that cause food spoilage. m. pulcherrima umy15 was a very effective biocontrol agent against penicillium roqueforti, p. italicum, p. expansum, and ...201424860671
targeted metabolomics for aspergillus oryzae-mediated biotransformation of soybean isoflavones, showing variations in primary metabolites.this study aimed to investigate the biotransformation of soybean isoflavones to hydroxyisoflavones, and the primary and secondary metabolite change during aspergillus oryzae kacc40247-mediated fermentation by gas chromatography-time of flight-mass spectrometry and lc-ms with multivariate analysis. the mass spectrometric analysis revealed that acetylglycosides and glycosides decreased during the first 12 h of fermentation, while the aglycones increased up to that time point. this was followed by ...201425036500
biosynthesis of the halogenated mycotoxin aspirochlorine in koji mold involves a cryptic amino acid conversion.aspirochlorine (1) is an epidithiodiketopiperazine (etp) toxin produced from koji mold (aspergillus oryzae), which has been used in the oriental cuisine for over two millennia. considering its potential risk for food safety, we have elucidated the molecular basis of aspirochlorine biosynthesis. by a combination of genetic and chemical analyses we found the acl gene locus and identified the key role of aclh as a chlorinase. stable isotope labeling, biotransformation, and mutational experiments, a ...201425302411
dry entrapment of enzymes by epoxy or polyester resins hardened on different solid supports.embedding of enzymes was performed with epoxy or polyester resin by mixing in a dried enzyme preparation before polymerization was started. this fast and low-cost immobilization method produced enzymatically active layers on different solid supports. as model enzymes the well-characterized thermomyces lanuginosus lipase and a new threonine aldolase from ashbya gossypii were used. it was shown that t. lanuginosus lipase recombinantly expressed in aspergillus oryzae is a monomeric enzyme with a mo ...201424835099
a large nonconserved region of the tethering protein leashin is involved in regulating the position, movement, and function of woronin bodies in aspergillus oryzae.the woronin body is a pezizomycotina-specific organelle that is typically tethered to the septum, but upon hyphal wounding, it plugs the septal pore to prevent excessive cytoplasmic loss. leashin (lah) is a large woronin body tethering protein that contains highly conserved n- and c-terminal regions and a long (∼2,500-amino-acid) nonconserved middle region. as the involvement of the nonconserved region in woronin body function has not been investigated, here, we functionally characterized indivi ...201424813188
filamentous fungal diversity and community structure associated with the solid state fermentation of chinese maotai-flavor liquor.maotai-flavor liquor is produced by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (ssf) process under solid state conditions, including daqu (starter) making, stacking fermentation and alcohol fermentation stages. filamentous fungi produce many enzymes to degrade the starch material into fermentable sugar during liquor fermentation. this study investigated the filamentous fungal community associated with liquor making process. eight and seven different fungal species were identified by using cu ...201424742997
construction of brewing-wine aspergillus oryzae pyrg- mutant by pyrg gene deletion and its application in homology transformation.pyrg(-) host cells are indispensable for pyrg(-) based transformation system. isolations of pyrg(-) host cells by random mutations are limited by time-consuming, unclear genetic background and potential interferences of homogenous recombination. the purpose of this study was to construct brewing-wine aspergillus oryzae pyrg(-) mutant by site-directed mutation of pyrg gene deletion which would be used as a host for further transformation. pmd-pyrgab, a vector carrying pyrg deletion cassette, was ...201424742431
development of a gin11/frt-based multiple-gene integration technique affording inhibitor-tolerant, hemicellulolytic, xylose-utilizing abilities to industrial saccharomyces cerevisiae strains for ethanol production from undetoxified lignocellulosic hemicelluloses.bioethanol produced by the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae is currently one of the most promising alternatives to conventional transport fuels. lignocellulosic hemicelluloses obtained after hydrothermal pretreatment are important feedstock for bioethanol production. however, hemicellulosic materials cannot be directly fermented by yeast: xylan backbone of hemicelluloses must first be hydrolyzed by heterologous hemicellulases to release xylose, and the yeast must then ferment xylose in the presenc ...201425306430
improvement of aspergillus oryzae nrrl 3484 by mutagenesis and optimization of culture conditions in solid-state fermentation for the hyper-production of extracellular cellulase.spore suspensions of aspergillus oryzae nrrl 3484 were subjected to mutagenesis using ultraviolet-irradiation followed by chemical treatments to improve the biosynthesis of cellulase. ten mutant strains namely ueac7, uear5, unac4, unac16, unar19, unbc7, unbr3, unbr10, unbr23 and unbr25 were selected and their extracellular cellulase activities were assayed. mutant unac4 gave the highest cellulase production [2,455 ± 28 u/g-dry substrate (ds) for filter paper-ase (fp-ase)] in a yield 4-fold excee ...201425119245
fungal lectins: a growing family.fungi are members of a large group of eukaryotic organisms that include yeasts and molds, as well as the most familiar member, mushrooms. fungal lectins with unique specificity and structures have been discovered. in general, fungal lectins are classified into specific families based on their amino acid sequences and three-dimensional structures. in this chapter, we provide an overview of the approximately 80 types of mushroom and fungal lectins that have been isolated and studied to date. in pa ...201425117221
rapid reconstitution of biosynthetic machinery for fungal metabolites in aspergillus oryzae: total biosynthesis of aflatrem.reconstitution of the biosynthetic machinery for fungal secondary metabolites in aspergillus oryzae provides an opportunity both for stepwise determination of the biosynthetic pathways and the total biosynthesis of fungal natural products. however, to maximize the utility of the reconstitution system, a simple and rapid strategy for the introduction of heterologous genes into a. oryzae is required. in this study, we demonstrated an effective method for introducing multiple genes involved in the ...201425087641
crystal structure of a feruloyl esterase belonging to the tannase family: a disulfide bond near a catalytic triad.feruloyl esterase (fae) catalyzes the hydrolysis of the ferulic and diferulic acids present in plant cell wall polysaccharides, and tannase catalyzes the hydrolysis of tannins to release gallic acid. the fungal tannase family in the esther database contains various enzymes, including faes and tannases. despite the importance of faes and tannases in bioindustrial applications, three-dimensional structures of the fungal tannase family members have been unknown. here, we determined the crystal stru ...201425066066
engineering aspergillus oryzae a-4 through the chromosomal insertion of foreign cellulase expression cassette to improve conversion of cellulosic biomass into lipids.a genetic modification scheme was designed for aspergillus oryzae a-4, a natural cellulosic lipids producer, to enhance its lipid production from biomass by putting the spotlight on improving cellulase secretion. four cellulase genes were separately expressed in a-4 under the control of hlya promoter, with the help of the successful development of a chromosomal genetic manipulation system. comparison of cellulase activities of pcr-positive transformants showed that these transformants integrated ...201425251435
synthesis, characterization and antifungal activity of chemically and fungal-produced silver nanoparticles against trichophyton rubrum.to characterize and explore the potential in extracellular biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (agnps) by penicillium chrysogenum and aspergillus oryzae and to investigate the antifungal effect of chemically vs biologically synthesized agnps comparing with conventional antifungal drugs against trichophyton rubrum.201425234047
establishment of a new method to quantitatively evaluate hyphal fusion ability in aspergillus oryzae.hyphal fusion is involved in the formation of an interconnected colony in filamentous fungi, and it is the first process in sexual/parasexual reproduction. however, it was difficult to evaluate hyphal fusion efficiency due to the low frequency in aspergillus oryzae in spite of its industrial significance. here, we established a method to quantitatively evaluate the hyphal fusion ability of a. oryzae with mixed culture of two different auxotrophic strains, where the ratio of heterokaryotic conidi ...201425229867
discovery and analysis of an active long terminal repeat-retrotransposable element in aspergillus oryzae.wild-type aspergillus oryzae rib40 contains two copies of the ao090005001597 gene. we previously constructed a. oryzae rib40 strain, rkuaf8b, with multiple chromosomal deletions, in which the ao090005001597 copy number was found to be increased significantly. sequence analysis indicated that ao090005001597 is part of a putative 6,000-bp retrotransposable element, flanked by two long terminal repeats (ltrs) of 669 bp, with characteristics of retroviruses and retrotransposons, and thus designated ...201424646755
trypsin inhibitor from edible mushroom pleurotus floridanus active against proteases of microbial origin.protease inhibitors can be versatile tools mainly in the fields of medicine, agriculture and food preservative applications. fungi have been recognized as sources of protease inhibitors, although there are only few such reports on mushrooms. this work reports the purification and characterization of a trypsin inhibitor from the fruiting body of edible mushroom pleurotus floridanus (pfti) and its effect on the activity of microbial proteases. the protease inhibitor was purified up to 35-fold by d ...201424615526
preparation of przewalskinic acid a from salvianolic acid b using a crude enzyme from an aspergillus oryzae strain.przewalskinic acid a is a rare, water-soluble, and highly biologically active ingredient found, thus far, only in the salvia przewalskii maxim herb; however, the content in s. przewalskii herb is very low. in order to obtain useful quantities of przewalskinic acid a, the biotransformatin of salvianolic acid b from salvia miltiorrhiza root (danshen in chinese) into przewalskinic acid a was studied using a crude enzyme produced from aspergillus oryzae d30s strain. the crude enzyme from the a. oryz ...201424615145
assessing medium constituents for optimal heterologous production of anhydromevalonolactone in recombinant aspergillus oryzae.anhydromevalonolactone (amvl) is a bioactive natural product that arises from a molecular biology technique using aspergillus oryzae as a heterologous host. amvl has been used as a precursor for the synthesis of insect pest control reagents and has numerous applications in the biotechnological and medical industries. in this study, the plackett-burman design and the central composite design, which offer efficient and feasible approaches, were complemented to screen significant parameters and ide ...201425006541
safety evaluation of filamentous fungi isolated from industrial doenjang koji.a few starters have been developed and used for doenjang fermentation but often without safety evaluation. filamentous fungi were isolated from industrial doenjang koji, and their potential for mycotoxin production was evaluated. two fungi were isolated; one was more dominantly present (90%). both greenish (snu-g) and whitish (snu-w) fungi showed 97% and 95% internal transcribed spacer sequence identities to aspergillus oryzae/flavus, respectively. however, the smai digestion pattern of their ge ...201424986679
sol-gel immobilization as a suitable technique for enhancement of α-amylase activity of aspergillus oryzae pp.bioencapsulation of microbial cells in silica-based matrices has proved to be a good strategy to enhance the biosynthetic capabilities and viability of bioproducers. in the present study, mycelium and pellet cultures of strain aspergillus oryzae pp were successfully immobilized in sol-gel hybrid matrices composed of tetraethylorthosilicate as an inorganic precursor, 5% (w/v) starch and 10 or 15% (w/v) polyethylene oxide, or 10% (w/v) calcium alginate as organic compounds. biosynthetic activity o ...201426740773
use of spent osmotic solutions for the production of fructooligosaccharides by aspergillus oryzae n74.in the food industry, osmotic dehydration can be an important stage to obtain partially dry foodstuffs. however, the remaining spent osmotic solution at the end of the process could become a waste with an important environmental impact due to the large amount of organic compounds that it might contain. since one of the most important osmotic agents used in osmotic dehydration is sucrose, this spent osmotic solution could be used to be biotransformed to produce fructooligosaccharides by a fructos ...201423744119
purification and partial characterization of nad aminohydrolase from aspergillus oryzae nrrl447.aspergillus oryzae aminohydrolase free acid phosphodiesterase catalyzes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide to deamino-nad and ammonia. the enzyme was purified to homogeneity by a combination of acetone precipitation, anion exchange chromatography and gel filtration chromatography. the enzyme was purified 230.5 fold. sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the purified enzyme showed a single protein band of mw 94 kda. the enzyme displayed maximum activity at ph 5 and 40 °c wit ...201424158390
galactooligosaccharides formation during enzymatic hydrolysis of lactose: towards a prebiotic-enriched milk.the formation of galactooligosaccharides (gos) in skim milk during treatment with several commercial β-galactosidases (bacillus circulans, kluyveromyces lactis and aspergillus oryzae) was analysed in detail, at 4 and 40°c. the maximum gos concentration was obtained at a lactose conversion of approximately 40-50% with b. circulans and a. oryzae β-galactosidases, and at 95% lactose depletion for k. lactis β-galactosidase. using an enzyme dosage of 0.1% (v/v), the maximum gos concentration with k. ...201424128493
kinetic characterization of galacto-oligosaccharide (gos) synthesis by three commercially important β-galactosidases.many β-galactosidases show large differences in galacto-oligosaccharide (gos) production and lactose hydrolysis. in this study, a kinetic model is developed in which the effect of lactose, glucose, galactose, and oligosaccharides on the onpg converting activity of various β-galactosidases is quantified. the use of onpg as a competing substrate to lactose yields more information than can be obtained by examining only the conversion of lactose itself. the reaction rate with lactose or oligosacchar ...201424124064
high-efficiency removal of phytic acid in soy meal using two-stage temperature-induced aspergillus oryzae solid-state fermentation.phytic acid of soy meal (sm) could influence protein and important mineral digestion of monogastric animals. aspergillus oryzae (atcc 9362) solid-state fermentation was applied to degrade phytic acid in sm. two-stage temperature fermentation protocol was investigated to increase the degradation rate. the first stage was to maximize phytase production and the second stage was to realize the maximum enzymatic degradation.201423633040
a new diketopiperazine alkaloid from aspergillus oryzae.investigation of bioactive secondary metabolites from terrestrial aspergillus oryzae sp. mmao1 using m2 medium afforded a new diketopiperazine alkaloid, 7,9-dihydroxy-3-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-8-methoxy-2,3,11,11a-tetrahydro-6h-pyrazino[1,2-b]isoquinoline-1,4-dione (1a), containing the unusual amino acid l-6,8-dihydroxy-7-methoxyphenylalanine. this was co-isolated with ditryptophenaline (2), cyclo-(tryp,tyr) (4), cyclo-(pro,val), α-cyclopiazonic acid (3), kojic acid and uridine. re-cultivation of ...201424116376
improvement of kojic acid production in aspergillus oryzae b008 mutant strain and its uses in fermentation of concentrated corn stalk hydrolysate.a strain designated m866, producing kojic acid with a high yield, was obtained by combining induced mutation using ion beam implantation and ethyl methane sulfonate treatment of a wild type strain of aspergillus oryzae b008. the amount of kojic acid produced by the strain m866 in a shaking flask was 40.2 g/l from 100 g/l of glucose, which was 1.7 times higher than that produced by wild strain (23.58 g/l). when the mixture of glucose and xylose was used as carbon source, the resulting kojic acid ...201424170020
fed-batch synthesis of galacto-oligosaccharides with aspergillus oryzae β-galactosidase using optimal control strategy.fed-batch synthesis of galacto-oligosaccharides (gos) from lactose with β-galactosidase from aspergillus oryzae was evaluated experimentally and reaction yield was maximized via optimal control technique. the optimal lactose and enzyme feed flow rate profiles were determined using a model for gos synthesis previously reported by the authors. experimentally it was found that fed-batch synthesis allowed an increase on the maximum total gos concentration from 115 (batch synthesis) to 218 g l(-1) as ...201424167086
direct fermentation of raw starch using a kluyveromyces marxianus strain that expresses glucoamylase and alpha-amylase to produce ethanol.raw starch and raw cassava tuber powder were directly and efficiently fermented at elevated temperatures to produce ethanol using the thermotolerant yeast kluyveromyces marxianus that expresses α-amylase from aspergillus oryzae as well as α-amylase and glucoamylase from debaryomyces occidentalis. among the constructed k. marxianus strains, yrl 009 had the highest efficiency in direct starch fermentation. raw starch from corn, potato, cassava, or wheat can be fermented at temperatures higher than ...201424478139
optimisation of soy flour fermentation parameters to produce β-glucosidase for bioconversion into aglycones.the solid state fermentation (ssf) parameters of defatted soybean flour (dsf) with aspergillus oryzae ioc 3999/1998 or monascus purpureus nrrl 1992 was evaluated using a rotational central composite experimental design to optimise the production of β-glucosidase and convert glycosidic isoflavones in aglycones. variables investigated were initial ph of dsf, volume of water added to 10 g of dsf and incubation temperature. β-glucosidase activity was measured using the synthetic substrate, p-nitroph ...201424444906
high level production of β-galactosidase exhibiting excellent milk-lactose degradation ability from aspergillus oryzae by codon and fermentation optimization.a β-galactosidase gene from aspergillus oryzae was engineered utilizing codon usage optimization to be constitutively and highly expressed in the pichia pastoris smd1168h strain in a high-cell-density fermentation. after fermentation for 96 h in a 50-l fermentor using glucose and glycerol as combined carbon sources, the recombinant enzyme in the culture supernatant had an activity of 4,239.07 u ml(-1) with o-nitrophenyl-β-d-galactopyranoside as the substrate, and produced a total of extracellula ...201424435763
comparative analysis of aspergillus oryzae with normal and abnormal color conidia.this study focuses on the characteristic of strains with anomalous color conidium and compares with normal color conidium. comparative analysis of enzymes activity and extracellular proteins revealed that a. oryzae with anomalous color conidium was not different from the strain with normal color conidium. in addition, a. oryzae with anomalous color conidium could not influence the palatability and quality of the soy sauce. these findings provide an insight into a. oryzae with anomalous color con ...201424426175
allergens causing occupational asthma: an evidence-based evaluation of the literature.the aim of this work is to provide an evidence-based evaluation and overview of causative substances in order to improve disease management.201423595938
characterization of two acetyltransferase genes in the pyripyropene biosynthetic gene cluster from penicillium coprobium.pyripyropenes potently and selectively inhibit acyl-coa:cholesterol acyltransferase 2 (acat-2). among multiple isomers of pyripyropene (a to r), pyripyropene a (pya) has insecticidal properties in addition to its growth inhibition properties against human umbilical vein endothelial cells. based on the predicted biosynthetic gene cluster of pyripyropene a, two genes (ppb8 and ppb9) encoding two acetyltransferases (ats) were separately isolated and introduced into the model fungus aspergillus oryz ...201426019565
development of aspergillus protease with ovalbumin-induced allergic chronic rhinosinusitis model in the mouse.chronic rhinosinusitis (crs) is a multifactorial inflammatory disease. particularly, eosinophilic crs is often recalcitrant to treatment, so an appropriate animal model is required to evaluate the pathogenesis of, and to develop therapies for, recalcitrant eosinophilic crs. this study aimed to improve the ovalbumin (ova)-induced mouse model of eosinophilic/allergic crs by combining ova with aspergillus protease, which is known to trigger allergic reactions in mouse lungs.201425514482
purification, cloning, characterization, and n-glycosylation analysis of a novel β-fructosidase from aspergillus oryzae fs4 synthesizing levan- and neolevan-type fructooligosaccharides.β-fructosidases are a widespread group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of terminal fructosyl units from various substrates. these enzymes also exhibit transglycosylation activity when they function with high concentrations of sucrose, which is used to synthesize fructooligosaccharides (fos) in the food industry. a β-fructosidase (bfra) with high transglycosylation activity was purified from aspergillus oryzae fs4 as a monomeric glycoprotein. compared with the most extensively studied asp ...201425501957
characterisation of a recombinant β-xylosidase (xyla) from aspergillus oryzae expressed in pichia pastoris.β-xylosidases catalyse the hydrolysis of short chain xylooligosaccharides from their non-reducing ends into xylose. in this study we report the heterologous expression of aspergillus oryzae β-xylosidase (xyla) in pichia pastoris under the control of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase promoter. the recombinant enzyme was optimally active at 55°c and ph 4.5 with km and vmax values of 1.0 mm and 250 μmol min(-1) mg(-1) respectively against 4-nitrophenyl β-xylopyranoside. xylose was a comp ...201425401069
effects of fermented corni fructus and fermented kelp on growth performance, meat quality, and emission of ammonia and hydrogen sulphide from broiler chicken droppings.1. corni fructus is the fruit of cornus officinalis, a dogwood species. this study was conducted to prepare fermented corni fructus preparation (fcfp) and fermented kelp (fk) from corni fructus and by-products of laminaria japonica fermented with bacillus subtilis and aspergillus oryzae. 2. the effects of dietary fcfp and fk as replacer of oxytetracycline (otc) on growth performance, meat composition, meat oxidative stability, and emissions of ammonia (nh3) and hydrogen sulphide (h2s) from broil ...201425204489
phylogenetic and comparative sequence analysis of thermostable alpha amylases of kingdom archea, prokaryotes and eukaryotes.alpha amylase family is generally defined as a group of enzymes that can hydrolyse and transglycosylase α-(1, 4) or α-(1, 6) glycosidic bonds along with the preservation of anomeric configuration. for the comparative analysis of alpha amylase family, nucleotide sequences of seven thermo stable organisms of kingdom archea i.e. pyrococcus furiosus (100-105°c), kingdom prokaryotes i.e. bacillus licheniformis (90-95°c), geobacillus stearothermophilus (75°c), bacillus amyloliquefaciens (72°c), bacill ...201425187685
cloning and expression of a. oryzae β-glucosidase in pichia pastoris.a β-glucosidase gene (bgl) from aspergillus oryzae gif-10 was cloned, sequenced and expressed. its full-length dna sequence was 2,903 bp and included three introns. the full-length cdna sequence contained an open reading frame of 2,586 nucleotides, encoding 862 amino acids with a potential secretion signal. the a. oryzae gif-10 bgl was functionally expressed in pichia pastoris. after 7-day induction, protein yield reached 321 mg/ml. using salicin as the substrate, the specific activity of the pu ...201425123895
a matter of structure: structural comparison of fungal carbonic anhydrases.carbonic anhydrases (cas) are metalloenzymes that catalyze the interconversion of carbon dioxide (co2) and hydrogen carbonate. cas are distributed over all the three domains of life and are divided into five distinct evolutionarily unrelated gene families (α, β, γ, δ, ζ). in the large fungal kingdom, the majority of fungi encode multiple copies of β-cas, with some also possessing genes for α-class cas. hemiascomycetous and basidiomycetous yeasts encode one or two β-cas, while most of the filamen ...201425109265
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