Publications

fulminating panophthalmitis due to exogenous infection with bacillus cereus: report of 4 cases.	bacillus cereus is a seldom recognised but important cause of panophthalmitis. although most reported cases have been the result of endogenous infection, we have recently seen 4 cases that followed ocular trauma. in each instance a fulminating panophthalmitis developed, accompanied by fever and leucocytosis. despite prompt therapy all eyes were rapidly lost. in view of the selective antibiotic sensitivities of this organism and the fulminating course of the disease, conventional approaches to th ...	1982	6802173
the inhibition of vegetative cell outgrowth and division from spores of bacillus cereus t by hen egg albumen.		1982	6802792
photometric immersion refractometry of bacterial spores.	photometric immersion refractometry was used to determine the average apparent refractive index (n) of five types of dormant bacillus spores representing a 600-fold range in moist-heat resistance determined as a d100 value. the n of a spore type increased as the molecular size of various immersion solutes decreased. for comparison of the spore types, the n of the entire spore and of the isolated integument was determined by use of bovine serum albumin, which is excluded from permeating into them ...	1982	6802796
bacterial spore heat resistance correlated with water content, wet density, and protoplast/sporoplast volume ratio.	five types of dormant bacillus spores, between and within species, were selected representing a 600-fold range in moist-heat resistance determined as a d100 value. the wet and dry density and the solids and water content of the entire spore and isolated integument of each type were determined directly from gram masses of material, with correction for interstitial water. the ratio between the volume occupied by the protoplast (the structures bounded by the inner pericytoplasm membrane) and the vo ...	1982	6802802
membrane-bound penicillinases in gram-positive bacteria.	the penicillinases of bacillus licheniformis, bacillus cereus, and staphylococcus aureus are related in structure and cellular localization to one another more closely than they are to penicillinases from gram-negative organisms. in the latter, penicillinases are almost exclusively found in the periplasm, while the gram-positive bacteria retain a substantial proportion as hydrophobic membrane-bound forms. we recently showed (nielsen, j. b. k., caulfield, m. p., and lampen, j. o. (1981) proc. nat ...	1982	6802832
evaluation of a microfluorometer in immunofluorescence assays of individual spores of bacillus anthracis and bacillus cereus.	a microfluorometer was constructed by modifying a standard fluorescent microscope with a fibre optic eyepiece and a simple photometric system. it was evaluated in direct immunofluorescence assays of bacillus anthracis and bacillus cereus spores immobilised on multispot microscope slides. from measurements of stable fluorescent crystals comparable in size to the spores, it was inferred that the fluorescence intensity of a stained bacterium could be measured with good precision. fluctuation of a e ...	1982	6802901
[formation of resting refractile cells in bacillus cereus as affected by an autoregulatory factor].	extracellular membrane-active compounds were shown to induce the transition of vegetative cells in the producing culture into resting refractile forms. the forms are characterized by the absence of energy, biosynthetic and destructive processes, by the capability to remain viable for a long time, and by a peculiar ultrafine organization. the physiological state and the ultrafine organization of b. cereus cells were found to change under the action of the autoregulatory factor introduced in the c ...	1982	6803113
bacillus cereus panophthalmitis: source of the organism.	serious infections with the "nonpathogenic" bacillus species are increasingly being recognized, especially in drug abusers. cases of panophthalmitis secondary to infection with bacillus cereus, with and without associated bacteremia, have been reported. three drug abusers with panophthalmitis seen in our hospitals during a three-year period are described, and the similar cases reported in the literature are reviewed. the syndrome is characterized by an acute onset with a rapid fulminating course ...	1982	6803328
bacillus cereus endocarditis involving a prosthetic valve.	a rare case of "late onset' endocarditis due to bacillus cereus occurred in a 55-year-old man who had a carpentier-edwards heterograft valve. combination therapy with gentamicin and clindamycin was administered as suggested by testing of minimal bactericidal concentrations for these antibiotics. valve replacement was necessary because of a paravalvular leak. there was no recurrence after six weeks of therapy.	1982	6803367
[proteolytic activity of conditionally pathogenic microorganisms causing food poisoning].	a study was made of proteolytic activity of the microorganisms proteus and bac. cereus, as well as of infected extract from raw meat. subject to study were also the effects of the temperature, storage and microbial association on the production of exoproteases. the results indicate an increase in the proteolytic activity in the course of storage at room and decreased temperatures and a lowering of the soluble protein amount in the samples, which attests to an active process of spoiling. associat ...	1982	6803437
specific chemical modification of the readily nitrated tyrosine of the rtem beta-lactamase and of bacillus cereus beta-lactamase i. the role of the tyrosine in beta-lactamase catalysis.	the function of the hydroxyl group of the tyrosine residue readily nitrated by tetranitromethane (tyrosine-105) in the rtem plasmid-derived beta-lactamase (penicillinase; penicillin amido beta-lactam-hydrolase, ec 3.5.1.6) from e. coli and in bacillus cereus beta-lactamase i has been investigated by chemical modification methods. in the case of b. cereus beta-lactamase i the nitrated tyrosine can be acetylated by acetic anhydride without effect on beta-lactamase activity the nitrated tyrosine of ...	1982	6803835
molecular analysis of the phospholipids of escherichia coli k12.	phospholipids from escherichia coli k12 were converted to 1,2-diacylglycerols with phospholipase c from bacillus cereus. high-pressure liquid chromatography of 1,2-diacylglycerol p-methoxybenzoates on lichrosorb rp-18 using 2-propanol/acetonitrile (35:65) as eluant permitted separation of 14 molecular species. the main combinations of fatty acids were 1-16:0-2-16:1, 1-16:0-2-cyclo-17:0 and 1-16:0-2-18:1. positional isomers were not present. the 1,2-di-16:0 compound was present at a significant l ...	1982	6803841
isolation of a covalent intermediate in beta -lactamase i catalysis.		1982	6800840
interaction between a bacillus cereus spore hexosaminidase and specific germinants.	a purified coat-associated hexosaminidase from spores of bacillus cereus was studied to determine whether it could promote germination of dormant spores. spores of a coat-deficient mutant as well as chemically extracted spores were used as substrate. both of these spore preparations responded poorly to most germinants. however, absorbance loss was accelerated when the hexosaminidase was added in the presence of l-alanine. enzyme alone was not effective. the addition of d-alanine inhibited comple ...	1982	6801016
evidence for the presence of subpopulations of arenicola marina coelomocytes identified by their selective response towards gram+ve and gram-ve bacteria.	in arenicola marina (l.), in vitro attachment and phagocytosis of bacteria appears to be serum-independent and thus, non-specific. mixtures of gram+ve and gram-ve bacterial species (gram+ve/-ve, of two gram+ve (gram+ve/+ve) and of two gram-ve bacterial species (gram-ve/-ve)were overlaid on coelomocyte monolayers, in order to introduce competition for cell surface 'receptors'. an enhanced total phagocytosis was only recorded in the gram+ve/-ve mixtures in comparison with their controls. the resul ...	1982	6175542
molecular properties and kinetic studies on sphingomyelinase of bacillus cereus.	a sphingomyelinase of bacillus cereus was purified to a homogeneous state (512 u/mg, 2200-fold) as indicated by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the molecular weight (23,300) was determined by sedimentation equilibrium. the enzyme contained loosely-bound magnesium atom. the addition of mg2+ accelerated the enzyme reaction regardless of substrates and their physical state. the addition of ca2+ also accelerated the enzyme reaction slightly, when water-soluble substrates, i.e., 2-hexadeca ...	1982	6284239
wet and dry bacterial spore densities determined by buoyant sedimentation.	the wet densities of various types of dormant bacterial spores and reference particles were determined by centrifugal buoyant sedimentation in density gradient solutions of three commercial media of high chemical density. with metrizamide or renografin, the wet density values for the spores and permeable sephadex beads were higher than those obtained by a reference direct mass method, and some spore populations were separated into several density bands. with percoll, all of the wet density value ...	1982	6285824
gram-positive bacteria-induced granulocytopenia and pulmonary leukostasis in rabbits.	pneumococci have been shown to induce granulocytopenia and pulmonary leukostasis which might contribute to morbidity and mortality in pneumococcal sepsis. we studied whether other gram-positive species (groups a and b streptococci, staphylococcus aureus, bacillus cereus, and clostridium perfringens) could also induce these phenomena. rabbits were challenged with nonviable preparations of each species, and all five species induced profound granulocytopenia (mean decrease of 90%) and pulmonary leu ...	1982	6286493
cholinephosphotransferase activities in microsomes and neuronal nuclei isolated from immature rabbit cerebral cortex: the use of endogenously generated diacylglycerols as substrate.	a neuronal nuclear fraction (n1) and a microsomal fraction (p3) were isolated from homogenates of cerebral cortices of 15-day-old rabbits. a nuclear envelope fraction (e) was prepared from n1. to assay cholinephosphotransferase, diacylglycerols were first generated in the membranes of these subfractions using a phospholipase c (bacillus cereus) preincubation. with levels of endogenous diacylglycerols producing maximal specific cholinephosphotransferase activities, an activity ratio of 1:1:5 was ...	1982	6288206
6-beta-(trifluoromethane sulfonyl)-amido-penicillanic acid sulfone: a potent inhibitor for beta-lactamases.		1982	6288463
phospholipase c from bacillus cereus has sphingomyelinase activity.	purified, electrophoretically homogeneous phospholipase c (plc) preparations can be separated into two peaks by isoelectric focusing in sucrose gradients. the main peak has an isoelectric ph of 6.6-6.8 and contains two zn2+ per molecule. the more acid peak (isoelectric ph about 6.2) contains about one zn2+ per molecule and has a markedly reduced specific activity which can be raised by adding zn2+. the purified enzyme has a low sphingomyelinase activity which coincides completely with the lecith ...	1982	6291130
the inactivation of bacillus cereus 569/h bera-lactamase by 6-beta-(trifluoromethane-sulfonyl)amidopenicillanic acid sulfone: ph dependence and stoichiometry.		1982	6294040
variations on the staining method in quantitative indirect immunofluorescence assays for bacillus spores, and the use of fluorescein--protein a.	quantitative indirect immunofluorescence assays for b. anthracis and b. cereus spores fixed on multispot microscope slides have been performed using a microfluorometer to measure the fluorescence of individual bacteria. a study has been made of variations of the indirect assay sequence, in which the washing operation between application of 1st and 2nd antibody types was omitted. in one modification the addition of the indirect antibody was deferred, and in the second the direct and indirect reag ...	1982	6184416
interaction of beta-iodopenicillanate with the beta-lactamases of streptomyces albus g and actinomadura r39.	the beta-lactamases of streptomyces albus g and actinomadura r39 are inactivated by beta-iodopenicillanate. however, in contrast with the beta-lactamase i from bacillus cereus, they also efficiently catalyse the hydrolysis of the inactivator; with the s. albus g enzyme, kcat. is larger than 25s-1 and the number of turnovers before inactivation is 515. with the a. r39 enzyme, kcat. is larger than 50s-1 and the number of turnovers before inactivation is 80. after hydrolysis of the beta-lactam amid ...	1982	6299270
transfer of bacillus thuringiensis plasmids coding for delta-endotoxin among strains of b. thuringiensis and b. cereus.	the recently discovered high-frequency transfer of plasmids between strains of bacillus thuringiensis was used to study the genetic relationship between plasmids and production of the insecticidal delta-endotoxin crystal. three strains of b. thuringiensis transmitted the cry+ (crystal-producing) phenotype to cry- (acrystalliferous) b. thuringiensis recipients. agarose gel electrophoresis showed that one specific plasmid from each donor strain was always present in cry+ "transcipients." the size ...	1982	6294667
in vitro evaluation of pyridine-2-azo-p-dimethylaniline cephalosporin, a new diagnostic chromogenic reagent, and comparison with nitrocefin, cephacetrile, and other beta-lactam compounds.	pyridine-2-azo-p-dimethylanaline cephalosporin (padac), a chromogenic reagent which is purple and changes to yellow upon cleavage of its beta-lactam ring, was evaluated in comparison with other chromogenic cephalosporins. padac exhibited little antimicrobial activity against gram-negative bacteria, but did have good activity (minimum inhibitory concentration, 0.12 to 0.5 microgram/ml) against staphylococcus aureus, a quality comparable to nitrocefin. nitrocefin, however, demonstrated an unexpect ...	1982	6978350
penem derivatives: beta-lactamase stability and affinity for penicillin-binding proteins in escherichia coli.	penem derivatives, a new group of beta-lactam antibiotics with potent activities against a wide range of bacteria, including pseudomonas aeruginosa, were tested for their stability against hydrolysis by beta-lactamases purified from clinical isolates of morganella morganii. proteus vulgaris, and escherichia coli and by a penicillinase from bacillus cereus. penems having 6 alpha substituents, such as hydroxyethyl, hydroxymethyl, and ethyl groups, were very stable against hydrolysis by each of the ...	1982	7049076
relationship of the syntheses of spore coat protein and parasporal crystal protein in bacillus thuringiensis.	two major classes of polypeptides were extracted from the spore surface of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki: the 134,000-dalton protoxin that is the major component of the crystalline inclusion and spore coat polypeptides very similar to those found on bacillus cereus spores. the quantity of spore coat polypeptides produced was reduced when compared with that produced by certain acrystalliferous mutants or by b. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. the latter organism produced an inclusion to ...	1982	7085565
antibacterial substance from carica papaya fruit extract.	ripe and unripe carica papaya fruits (epicarp, endocarp, seeds and leaves) were extracted separately and purified. all the extracts except that of leaves produced very significant antibacterial activity on staphylococcus aureus, bacillus cereus, escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa and shigella flexneri. the mic of the substance was small (0.2-0.3 mg/ml) for gram-positive bacteria and large (1.5-4 mg/ml) for gram-negative bacteria. the substance was bactericidal and showed properties of a pr ...	1982	7097295
topological location and biological significance of phospholipids in the membrane of newcastle disease virus. hydrolysis of phospholipids in intact virion with pure phospholipases a2, c, and d.	the composition, topological distribution and biological significance of phospholipids in the membrane of newcastle disease virus (ndv) grown in embryonated chicken eggs were investigated. phosphatidylethanolamine and sphingomyelin were the predominant phospholipids in ndv membrane. the location of phospholipids in the lipid bilayer of the membrane was studied by assessing their reactivities with highly purified phospholipase a2 (agkistrodon halys blomhoffi) and phospholipase d (streptomyces chr ...	1982	7130158
toxicity of phospholipase c in rabbits.	tissue thromboplastin is the most potent physiological trigger of blood coagulation and is probably involved in the pathogenesis of several forms of intravascular coagulation. phospholipase c from bacillus cereus is an effective inhibitor of thromboplastin. as part of an investigation into the possible use of phospholipase c as a therapeutic or prophylactic agent in thrombosis and other forms of intravascular coagulation, we have previously studied its effect in rats. we now report on the toxici ...	1982	7134808
characterization of intracellular inclusions formed by pseudomonas oleovorans during growth on octane.	the growth of pseudomonas oleovorans on n-octane was characterized by the formation of intracellular structures. these inclusions were isolated and characterized. morphologically, they resembled the poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate granules found in bacillus cereus, as shown by freeze-fracture electron microscopy. the elemental analysis of isolated granules showed, however, that they do not contain poly-beta-hydroxybutyric acid. instead, the analysis was consistent with a c8 polyester, which interpreta ...	1983	6841319
effects of phospholipase c on the na+-ca2+ exchange and ca2+ permeability of cardiac sarcolemmal vesicles.	we have examined the effects of phospholipase c pretreatment on ca2+ transport in highly purified canine cardiac sarcolemmal vesicles. na+-ca2+ exchange, measured as nai+-dependent ca2+ uptake, is stimulated when 10-70% of the membrane phospholipid has been hydrolyzed. although the phospholipase c treatment also increases sarcolemmal passive ca2+ flux, the membrane maintains a sufficient permeability barrier for enhanced transport (via na+-ca2+ exchange) to be observed. these effects can be obta ...	1983	6853558
asymmetry of lipid organization in cholinergic synaptic vesicle membranes.	the lipid composition of purified torpedo cholinergic synaptic vesicles was determined and their distribution between the inner and outer leaflets of the vesicular membrane was investigated. the vesicles contain cholesterol and phospholipids at a molar ratio of 0.63. the vesicular phospholipids are (mol% of total phospholipids): phosphatidylcholine (40.9); phosphatidylethanolamine (24.6); plasmenylethanolamine (11.5); sphingomyelin (12); phosphatidylserine (7.3); phosphatidylinositol (3.7). the ...	1983	6870819
aerobic mesophilic and psychrotrophic sporeforming bacteria in buffalo milk.	seasonal variation of the population of aerobic sporeformers in raw milk was higher in summer than in other seasons. least variation was in fall, but variation in winter and spring was similar. aerobic mesophilic sporeformers in raw milk consisted mainly of bacillus subtilis (42.5%) and bacillus megaterium (34.8%), followed by bacillus circulans (4.9%), bacillus cereus (4.6%), bacillus pumilus (2.9%), bacillus polymyxa (2.8%), bacillus licheniformis (1.9%), bacillus badius (1.5%), bacillus brevi ...	1983	6886164
the role of phospholipids in the binding of oxytocin to its receptors in lactating rabbit mammary gland.	phospholipase c (clostridium welchii and bacillus cereus) treatment of lactating rabbit mammary gland membranes (140,000 g pellet and sucrose density gradient purified plasma membranes) resulted in a large decrease in the binding of [3h]oxytocin to these subcellular fractions. this decrease was not due to a solubilization of oxytocin receptors but was the result of the removal of phospholipids which may participate in the hormone-receptor interaction. phospholipase c treatment of the membrane fr ...	1983	6298074
[effects of photochemical smog from a flow reactor on bacteria. i. determination of the effects of photochemical smog on bacteria].	to measure the damage to bacteria from photochemical smog serratia marcescens, staphylococcus epidermidis, micrococcus luteus and spores of bacillus cereus have been exposed to defined gas-mixtures. a smog-simulation-chamber has been used which allowed adjustment of reproducible and longterm constant smog formations due to the flow system. two methods have been applied to examine the bactericidal effects of the photo-chemical smog: adsorption of bacteria to membrane filters and spraying on silk ...	1983	6422676
[effects of photochemical smog from a flow reactor on bacteria. ii. determination of bactericidal components in photochemical smog].	the mixture of substances in the photochemical smog could be detected by different reduction rates of exposed bacteria. beside ozone other products of the ozone/olefine-reaction could reduce the survival of exposed bacteria. for staph. epidermidis a toxic influence from the reaction products could be found only after uv-irradiation. the main components were aldehydes, hydrocarbons, radicals, peroxiradicals and radicaloxides. for peroxiacetylnitrate (pan) no bactericidal effect could be found for ...	1983	6422677
[effect of the addition of dmso and edta on the activity of formaldehyde and hydrogen peroxide against bacillus cereus spores].	the question was investigated if dmso in concentrations between 1 and 6% and 0.1% edta could improve the effect of the sporocidal disinfectants formaldehyde and hydrogen-peroxide. in suspension-tests with spores of bac. cereus it was found, that the sporocidal activity of a 1.2 and 3% formaldehyde solution did not increase, in contrary it decreased significantly if edta or dmso were present in the solution. the same effect could be found with 0.8-5% hydrogenperoxide in combination with the above ...	1983	6422678
recent developments in separation and purification of biomolecules.		1983	6422824
penicillinase secretion in vivo and in vitro.		1983	6419016
the incidence of bacillus cereus in foods in central thailand.	thirty of 53 different raw and cooked or processed foods obtained in central thailand were demonstrated to contain bacillus cereus. the level of contamination was found to depend on the type of food sampled; the mean was 3.2 x 10(6) organisms/gm on raw and cooked or processed foods ready for consumption, and 2.8 x 10(8) organisms/gm on cooked or processed foods kept overnight at kitchen temperature. b. cereus was commonly found on rice (both uncooked and boiled or fried), dried chilli pepper, sh ...	1983	6419352
[effects of 5-bromouracil and 5-bromodeoxyuridine in combination with 8-aza-adenine on the uv sensitivity of bacteria].	the presence of 5-bromouracil (bu) as well as 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (budr) in the cultivation media of bacteria results in the distinct increase of uv sensitivity. with the nucleic acid base analogue 8-azaadenine (8-aa) a similar effect was confirmed, however, not so pronounced. in the experiments reported here the combined action of bu or budr and 8-aa on escherichia coli, proteus mirabilis, bacillus subtilis and bacillus cereus was investigated. the sensitization effect of budr does not incre ...	1983	6419483
[biochemical characteristics of strains of bacillus cereus].		1983	6420998
induction of phosphoribomutase in bacillus cereus growing on nucleosides.	in this paper we show that phosphoribomutase is induced in bacillus cereus by the same metabolizable purine and pyrimidine ribonucleosides previously shown to induce the purine nucleoside phosphorylase (tozzi, m.g., sgarrella, f. and ipata, p.l. (1981) biochim. biophys. acta 678, 460-466). the mutase allows ribose 1-phosphate formed from nucleosides to be utilized by the cell through the pentose cycle, upon transformation to ribose 5-phosphate. the equilibrium constant of the mutase reaction is ...	1983	6299371
induction of ornithine decarboxylase by treatment of guinea pig lymphocytes with phospholipase c.	treatment of guinea pig lymphocytes with clostridium perfringens phospholipase c but not with naja naja snake venom phospholipase a2 increased ornithine decarboxylase activity. the increase in ornithine decarboxylase activity was suppressed by actinomycin d or cycloheximide, suggesting that de novo syntheses of rna and protein are necessary for the increase in the enzyme activity. these results suggest that the activation of phospholipase c rather than that of phospholipase a2 is responsible for ...	1983	6299785
determination of cefmenoxime in human body fluids by high-performance liquid chromatography.	a rapid and reliable method for the quantitative determination of cefmenoxime in serum and urine by reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography is described. serum was deproteinized with acetonitrile. urine was diluted with dilute acetic acid (17.5 mmol/l). separations were performed in isocratic mode using a c18 type column and a precolumn packed with perisorb rp/8. the eluant consisted of a mixture of acetonitrile and 25.0 mmol/l acetic acid in a ratio of 32/69 (vol/vol). in normal s ...	1983	6301809
increase in osmotic fragility of bovine erythrocytes induced by bacterial phospholipases c.	bovine erythrocytes were treated with each of three bacterial phospholipases c; phosphatidylcholine-hydrolyzing phospholipase c (pcase) of clostridium perfringens, sphingomyelinase c (smase) of bacillus cereus and phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c (piase) of bacillus thuringiensis. an increase in osmotic fragility was detected by means of a coil planet centrifugation (cpc) apparatus (biomedical systems co., tokyo) after the treatment with these enzymes. the peak of hemolysis normally ...	1983	6302097
adsorption of sphingomyelinase of bacillus cereus onto erythrocyte membranes.	sphingomyelinase of bacillus cereus proved to be specifically adsorbed onto mammalian erythrocyte membranes in the presence of either ca2+ or ca2+ plus mg2+ in the order of sphingomyelin content; i.e., sheep, bovine greater than porcine greater than rat erythrocytes. no appreciable adsorption was observed in the presence of mg2+ alone nor in the absence of divalent metal ions. the enzyme adsorption onto bovine erythrocytes was dependent upon the incubation temperature. by shifting the temperatur ...	1983	6305273
bacillus cereus 569/h penicillinase serine-44 acylation by diazotized 6-aminopenicillanic acid.	penicillinase from bacillus cereus 569/h was purified to homogeneity. its active site was probed by use of an affinity label generated in situ by the diazotization of 6-aminopenicillanic acid, a catalytically poor substrate for this enzyme. the loss of activity arising during the inactivation is dependent upon ph and the penicillin:sodium nitrite ratio used. optimal inactivation was obtained at ph 4.7 and reactivation could be prevented if subsequent purification and manipulations were performed ...	1983	6305423
streptococcus plasmid pam alpha 1 is a composite of two separable replicons, one of which is closely related to bacillus plasmid pbc16.	a tetracycline resistance plasmid of streptococcus faecalis, pam alpha 1, is shown to contain two independent sets of replication functions, separated from each other on either side by short (300- to 400-base-pair) sequences of homology. the homologous sequences are oriented as direct repeats and therefore permit the dissociation of pam alpha 1 into its component replicons, referred to here as pam alpha 1 delta 1 and pam alpha 1 delta 2, as the reciprocal products of a simple intramolecular reco ...	1983	6307973
cloning and expression in escherichia coli and bacillus subtilis of the hemolysin (cereolysin) determinant from bacillus cereus.	from a cosmid gene bank of bacillus cereus gp4 in escherichia coli we isolated clones which, after several days of incubation, formed hemolysis zones on erythrocyte agar plates. these clones contained recombinant cosmids with b. cereus dna insertions of varying lengths which shared some common restriction fragments. the smallest insertion was recloned as a psti fragment into pjkk3-1, a shuttle vector which replicates in bacillus subtilis and e. coli. when this recombinant plasmid (pjkk3-1 hly-1) ...	1983	6307975
molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of the type i beta-lactamase gene from bacillus cereus.	the gene for the type i beta-lactamase from bacillus cereus has been cloned in bacillus subtilis and escherichia coli. in b. subtilis, penicillinase activity is detected and the enzyme is secreted. in e. coli, the gene confers ampicillin resistance. the cloned insert is 4.3 kb in length and dna sequencing has revealed the location of the gene, its promoter and signal peptide.	1983	6308567
the action of sphingomyelinase of bacillus cereus on bovine erythrocyte membrane and liposomes. specific adsorption onto these membranes.	sphingomyelinase of bacillus cereus was specifically adsorbed onto sphingomyelin liposome in the presence of ca2+ or with the coexistence of ca2+ and mg2+, but not onto the liposome of phosphatidylcholine. in the presence of ca2+, the enzyme adsorption onto bovine erythrocytes and liposome increased with an increase in the amount of sphingomyelin. these results support that the major binding site for sphingomyelinase in the erythrocytes is sphingomyelin. the temperature-dependence of enzyme adso ...	1983	6309753
[biological effects of coordination compounds of transitional metals. the beta-lactamase inhibitory effect of cis-platin, 2-aminopyridine palladium chloride, clavulanic acid and penicillanic acid sulfonate cp 45,899 in the nitrocefin test and titertek/microtiter automatic system].	the beta-lactamase-inhibiting activity of 6m-ethyl-pyrid-2-yl-ammine palladium-dichloride (pd 25681) and cis-dichloro-diammine-platinum(ii) was studied and compared with the enzyme inhibitory action of potassium clavulanate and the penicillanic acid sulfone cp 45899. using the nitrocefin test method and the titertek/microtiter equipment cp 45899 and potassium clavulanate were the strongest inhibitors of the bacillus cereus beta-lactamase. cis-dichloro-diammine-platinum(ii) was fourfold less acti ...	1983	6312702
inactivation of bacillus cereus 569/h beta-lactamase i by 6-beta-(trifluoromethane sulfonyl)amidopenicillanic acid sulfone and its n-methyl derivative.	6-beta-(trifluoromethane sulfonyl)amidopenicillanic acid sulfone and its n-methyl derivative were found to be potent inhibitors of bacillus cereus 569/h beta-lactamase i. the rate of the inactivation of the enzyme by both compounds was found to increase with the decreasing ph of the reaction medium. the reaction of the enzyme with 6-beta-(trifluoromethane sulfonyl)amidopenicillanic acid sulfone was found to be irreversible at the ph values investigated. in contrast, the reaction with the n-methy ...	1983	6315063
survival of cultured cells after functional and structural disorganization of plasma membrane by bacterial haemolysins and phospholipases.	lesions were induced in the plasma membranes of cultured human fibroblasts by membrane damaging toxins of bacterial origin (haemolysins). structural disorganization of the membrane was measured as leakage of a radiolabelled small cytoplasmic marker and functional membrane damage was measured as decreased uptake of aminoisobutyrate. cell survival was scored 24 and 48 hr later by measuring uptake of trypan blue and by light microscopical evaluation of cell morphology and proliferation. the membran ...	1983	6318394
isolation and preliminary characterization of streptococcus cremoris (strain 202) bacteriocin.	ability to produce bacteriocin (lactostrepcin) is demonstrated in streptococcus cremoris. however, lactostrepcin was found to be produced by only one strain (strain 202) out of the 17 s. cremoris strains tested. this bacteriocin is preliminarily characterized, it differs from other lactic streptococci bacteriocins. the strain 202 bacteriocin acts on many strains of lactic streptococci, strains of bacillus cereus, and some strains of leuconostoc and lactobacillus. it was shown that strain 202 con ...	1983	6196942
a method for estimation of the antibiotic activity of streptomyces griseus and streptomyces lactamdurans strains producing cephamycins.		1983	6202109
[relations between food poisoning and ascariasis].	during the examination of faeces for the causative agents of food poisoning, the search was also extended to the occurrence of worm eggs. ascaris lumbricoides eggs occurred six times more frequently in persons affected with food poisoning than in consumers who were not harmed by the intake of poisoned food. this relationship was observed in non-specific cases of food poisoning and in those of unknown aetiology, whereas it was less pronounced in cases of specific poisoning. this difference has no ...	1983	6322473
[comparative studies of the antibacterial activity of procaine powder of various origins].		1983	6426028
prumycin produced by bacillus cereus.		1983	6432762
attenuation of enkephalin activity in neuroblastoma x glioma ng108-15 hybrid cells by phospholipases.	the role of membrane phospholipids in enkephalin receptor-mediated inhibition of adenylate cyclase (ec 4.6.1.1) activity in neuroblastoma x glioma ng108-15 hybrids was studied by selective hydrolysis of lipids with phospholipases. when ng108-15 cells were treated with phospholipase c from clostridium welchii at 37 degrees c, an enzyme concentration--dependent decrease in adenylate cyclase activity was observed. the basal and prostaglandin e1 (pge1)-stimulated adenylate cyclase activities were mo ...	1983	6294248
a third dna-dependent atpase from bacillus cereus free of atp-dependent dnase activity.	the purification of atp-dependent dnase from bacillus cereus led to the isolation and characterization of a third dna-dependent atpase. the enzyme called atpase iii has been purified free of nuclease activity. none of the expected atpases proved to be identical with atp-dependent dnase-dna-dependent atpase. separation of atpase i, ii and iii and a dnase specific for single-stranded dna from the same source excludes the possibility of atp-dependent dnase being the action of a single enzyme molecu ...	1983	6134644
bacillus cereus as a systemic pathogen.		1983	6140557
evaluation of the direct epifluorescent filter technique for assessing the hygienic condition of milking equipment.	the hygienic condition of 6 milking installations, 3 sanitized by circulation cleaning (cc) with chlorine-based chemicals and 3 by flushing with acidified boiling water (abw), was tested using rinses of quarter strength ringer's solution. the bacterial content of the rinses was determined using both colony counts and the direct epifluorescent filter technique (deft). a comparison of testing methods gave correlation coefficients between colony count and deft of 0.82 for plants using cc and 0.46 f ...	1983	6341424
effects of nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide on bacterial growth.	the effects of low concentrations of nitric oxide (no) and nitrogen dioxide (no2) on actively dividing cultures of staphylococcus aureus, micrococcus luteus, micrococcus roseus, serratia marcescens, bacillus subtilis, bacillus circulans, bacillus megaterium, and bacillus cereus were studied. fresh cultures of each organism were incubated for 24 h at 25 degrees c on both nutrient agar and mineral salts glucose agar plates under atmospheres containing various low concentrations of no in air (0 to ...	1983	6351744
effect of inhibitors of trypsin-like proteolytic enzymes bacillus cereus t spore germination.	the germination of bacillus cereus t spore suspensions is partially prevented by several inhibitors of trypsin-like enzymes. leupeptin, antipain, and tosyl-lysine-chloromethyl ketone are effective inhibitors, whereas chymostatin, elastatinal, and pepstatin are inactive. a synthetic substrate of trypsin, tosyl-arginine-methyl ester, also inhibits germination. its inhibitory effect decreases as a function of incubation time in the presence of spores and is abolished by previous hydrolysis with try ...	1983	6401704
differentiation between spores of bacillus anthracis and bacillus cereus by a quantitative immunofluorescence technique.	a quantitative immunofluorescence assay based on fiber optic microscopy was used to measure the reaction of formalized spores of bacillus anthracis and bacillus cereus isolates with fluorescein conjugates prepared by hyperimmunization with b. anthracis vollum spores. the spores of 11 of the 20 b. cereus strains reacted with the anti-anthrax conjugate to such an extent that they were indistinguishable from the spores of the several b. anthracis isolates tested. however, absorption of the conjugat ...	1983	6402519
necrotizing pneumonia and empyema caused by bacillus cereus and clostridium bifermentans.	a patient with no known immune compromise presented with necrotizing pneumonia and a pleural effusion. thoracentesis yielded a sanguinopurulent, foul smelling exudate that showed sheets of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and many gram-positive bacilli. a tube thoracostomy was performed and treatment with intravenous penicillin g was begun. twenty-four hours later a bacillus species later identified as bacillus cereus was identified from aerobic cultures. because the organism was resistant to penici ...	1983	6402966
[toxigenicity of microorganisms isolated from dry products for infant and dietetic nutrition].	the authors describe the results of studying the dissemination with bac. cereus cells and staphylococci of raw material, components and ready-made products for infants' and dietetic nutrition after varying times of storage under the conditions of uncontrolled humidity and temperature. it has been demonstrated that bac. cereus and staphylococcal strains isolated are potentially enterotoxigenic. prevention of food poisoning with the microorganisms in question should be aimed at the improvement of ...	1983	6404059
catalytic properties of sepharose-bound l-alanine dehydrogenase from bacillus cereus.	(1) l-alanine dehydrogenase from bacillus cereus was purified by a two-step chromatographic procedure involving cibacron-blue 3g-a sepharose 4b-cl, and sepharose 6b-cl, and immobilized on cnbr-activated sepharose 4b. (2) following immobilization via two of the six subunits, l-alanine dehydrogenase retained 66% of the specific activity of the soluble enzyme. the affinity of the immobilized enzyme for nh4+, pyruvate and l-alanine, was not different to that of the soluble form. the km of the sephar ...	1983	6404304
structure of teichoic-acid--glycopeptide complexes from cell walls of bacillus cereus ahu 1030.	from lysozyme digests of n-acetylated cell walls of bacillus cereus ahu 1030, two acidic polymer fractions with molecular weights of about 24000 and 45000 were isolated by ion-exchange chromatography and gel chromatography. these polymer fractions, containing glycerol, phosphorus and glucose in a molar ratio of 1.00:1.00:0.85 together with small amounts of glycopeptide components and mannosamine, were characterized as teichoic-acid-glycopeptide complexes with one and two teichoic acid chains mad ...	1983	6404629
[characteristics of the autoregulatory factor d2 causing autolysis of pseudomonas carboxydoflava and bacillus cereus cells].	in the course of organoheterotrophous growth, pseudomonas carboxydoflava z-1107 and bacillus cereus 504 were found to synthesize the autoregulatory factor d2, a membranotropic lipid metabolite, and to accumulate it in the growth medium. at a low concentration, the factor activated respiration of the cells: at a high concentration, it inhibited respiration and induced autolysis of the cells. the physiological action of d2 was shown to be due to the effect of free fatty acids, in particular, palmi ...	1983	6405132
recent advances in management of bacterial diarrhea.	the number of recognized infectious causes of diarrhea potentially treatable with specific antibiotics has markedly increased within the past ten years. laboratories are developing and expanding their abilities to deal with these new pathogens. neither prophylaxis nor specific treatment of diarrhea in travelers is simple, practical, and safe. although enterotoxigenic escherichia coli is the most important cause of diarrhea in u.s. travelers to tropical areas, campylobacter jejuni causes acute di ...	1983	6405474
[in vitro study of the lipase activity of bacterial strains isolated from the rabbit cecum on c14-labeled triolein].	the lipase activity of bacterial species isolated from the caecum of conventional rabbits was studied by means of two groups of tests: (1) bacteriologic isolation and an identification of nine aerobic and anaerobic clones and (2) incubation of each of these clones in the appropriate medium in the presence of labelled triolein (oleyl 1-14c), a biochemical analysis of the radioactivity of the fractions obtained. the main results can be expressed in the following way: maximum hydrolysis of glycerid ...	1983	6405674
lactoferrin and transferrin fragments react with nitrite to form an inhibitor of bacillus cereus spore outgrowth.	tryptone is a pancreatic digest of casein which contains a heterogeneous mixture of substances that react with nitrite when heated in the presence of sodium thioglycolate to form a bacteriostatic agent which inhibits outgrowth of bacillus cereus t spores. the substances which are precursors to the bacteriostatic agent can be fractionated on the basis of molecular size and charge and have properties which indicate that they are fragments of lactoferrin, an iron-binding glycoprotein. the bacterios ...	1983	6405692
ampicillin induced septum formation in bacillus cereus.	cells of bacillus cereus grown in the presence of subinhibitory concentrations of ampicillin at either 30 degrees or 45 degrees c exhibited an increase in the numbers of centres of septum formation per unit cell length. under identical conditions of cultivation, cells of escherichia coli grew as aseptate filaments. in general, untreated b. cereus cells grown at 45 degrees c were longer than those grown at 30 degrees c. the strain of e. coli used was unaffected in terms of filamentation by elevat ...	1983	6406798
meningitis and bacteremia due to bacillus cereus. a case report and a review of bacillus infections.	a patient with meningitis and bacteremia due to bacillus cereus is described. the patient had transsphenoidal hypophysectomy for chromophobe adenoma, complicated by rhinorrhea, which was corrected by subarachnoid drainage. three weeks after removal of the drain, the patient presented with meningitis and died the following day. the causative organism was identified as b. cereus. the literature on bacillus infections is reviewed with special attention to severe infections. a modified classificatio ...	1983	6408023
bacterial enteritis.		1983	6408371
determination of dipicolinic acid in bacterial spores by derivative spectroscopy.	dipicolinic acid was extracted from approximately 0.1 mg spores or 0.5 ml of sporulating culture with 20 mm hcl for 10 min at 100 degrees c. the suspension was diluted with 5 mm ca2+, 100 mm tris, ph 7.6, centrifuged, and the first derivative of the uv absorbance spectrum recorded from 275 nm to 285 nm. dpa concentration was determined from the difference between the maximum at 276.6 nm and the minimum at 280 nm. the use of the difference between two first derivative values removed possible inte ...	1983	6408947
bacillus cereus infection in burns.	two patients are reported in whom severe toxicity developed about 4 days after relatively minor burn injuries and in whom the burn areas then appeared to enlarge. in both patients, b. cereus and staph. aureus were isolated and the affected burn areas had subcutaneous thrombosis and necrosis. the management is outlined and the dramatic rapidity of onset of toxicity emphasized, with special reference to increasing pain, lividity and extension of the burns.	1983	6409357
the antimicrobial effect of dissociated and undissociated sorbic acid at different ph levels.	the minimum inhibitory concentration of sorbic acid has been determined for bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus, escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus and candida albicans. the inhibition was shown to be due to both undissociated and dissociated acid, and the effect of each has been calculated in accordance with a proposed mathematical model. although the inhibitory action of undissociated acid was 10-600 times greater than that of dissociated acid, the latter caused mor ...	1983	6409875
necrotizing pneumonia and empyema caused by bacillus cereus and clostridium bifermentans.		1983	6410947
distribution of heterogeneous and homologous plasmids in bacillus spp.	a total of 75 strains (including 5 reference strains) of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, b. cereus, b. circulans, b. licheniformis, b. megaterium, b. pumilus, b. sphaericus, b. subtilis, and b. thuringiensis and 36 species-unidentified bacillus strains were surveyed for plasmids by cesium chloride-ethidium bromide equilibrium centrifugation of cell lysates in a study of antibiotic resistance in host cells. of the 111 strains, 13 (including 3 reference strains) were found to harbor plasmids, and 5 of ...	1983	6410988
use of chromatofocusing for separation of beta-lactamases. iii. beta-lactamases of the bacillus cereus 569/h strain.		1983	6411752
penetration of oxygen into bacterial colonies.	previous estimates of the depth of oxygen penetration into bacterial colonies were made after measuring actual and potential respiration rates of whole colonies, or by calculation from kinetic values determined from the growth of bacteria in liquid culture. this paper reports the use of microelectrodes to measure oxygen penetration directly. oxygen became undetectable 25-30 microns below the surface of a 120 microns deep, 18 h colony of bacillus cereus. the colony was grown on a nutrient-rich ag ...	1983	6411858
the bacterial flora of candling-reject and dead-in-shell turkey eggs.	the incidence of bacterial contamination in turkey eggs which were rejected at candling or were "dead in shell" was about 4%. this incidence was lower than that previously found in chicken eggs. analysis of the bacterial flora indicated that the proportion of enterobacteriaceae was higher and the proportion of micrococcus spp. lower in turkey eggs.	1983	6412969
bacillus cereus 569/h beta-lactamase i: cloning in escherichia coli and signal sequence determination.	the gene, penpc, for beta-lactamase i of bacillus cereus 569/h has been cloned and its expression studied in escherichia coli. the protein product from the in vitro translation of penpc was shown by gel electrophoresis to have an mr of 36 000 which is larger than the in vivo products found in b. cereus and e. coli. the dna sequence of the signal region was determined. it revealed that the smallest known mature form present in b. cereus culture fluids is preceded by 45-48 amino acids in pre-beta- ...	1983	6413253
non-gastrointestinal bacillus cereus infections: an analysis of exotoxin production by strains isolated over a two-year period.	isolates of bacillus cereus from 118 cases, and two maternity unit outbreaks, of non-gastrointestinal infection were grouped on the basis of their estimated probable involvement in the infections from which they were isolated: (i) high probability--48 strains; (ii) intermediate--16 strains; (iii) low--7 strains; (iv) very low ("irrelevant")--49 strains. rabbit skin test, haemolysin and phospholipase assays were used to determine exotoxin activities of strains within each group. the results sugge ...	1983	6413550
[membrane-active properties of a preparation from a bacterial culture broth possessing autoregulation action].	the effect of a preparation obtained by butanol extraction of the culture fluid of b. cereus and ps. carboxydoflava and previously termed an autoregulatory factor d1 on the respiration chain within intact bacterial cells and isolated membranes was investigated. in comparable concentrations this factor d1 inhibits the endogenous respiration of b. cereus and m. lysodeikticus as well as oxidase and dehydrogenase activities of isolated membranes from these bacteria and e. coli. the factor-induced de ...	1983	6413971
characterization of the membrane beta-lactamase in bacillus cereus 569/h/9.	the membrane-bound beta-lactamase from bacillus cereus, strain 569/h/9, has been purified to apparent homogeneity. nonionic detergent (0.5% triton x-100) is required to keep the enzyme (traditionally called gamma-penicillinase and now called beta-lactamase iii) in solution. antibodies to beta-lactamase iii have been prepared, and the membrane-bound enzyme is immunochemically distinct from the extracellular enzymes. beta-lactamase iii has a molecular weight of 31 500, in contrast to the extracell ...	1983	6414514
beta-lactamase iii of bacillus cereus 569: membrane lipoprotein and secreted protein.	a third beta-lactamase in bacillus cereus 569 has been identified and characterized. it corresponds to gamma-penicillinase reported by pollock [pollock, m. r. (1956) j. gen. microbiol. 15, 154-169] but whose existence has been questioned since then. it will be called beta-lactamase iii. it resembles the class a beta-lactamases but is immunologically distinct from the major class a secreted beta-lactamase i of b. cereus. as with several other gram-positive beta-lactamases it occurs in two forms, ...	1983	6414515
immunofluorescence analysis of bacillus spores and vegetative cells by flow cytometry.	a commercially available flow cytometer (cytofluorograf) was used for the immunofluorescence (if) analysis of spores of bacillus anthracis, bacillus cereus, and bacillus subtilis, using fluorescein-labelled antispore conjugates. the cytometer was modified to allow analysis of known numbers of bacteria. in attempting to identify the region of the cytometer fluorescence histogram associated with the presence of stained spores, evidence was produced for signal components due to antibody bound to ex ...	1983	6414791
postincision steps of photoproduct removal in a mutant of bacillus cereus 569 that produces uv-sensitive spores.	an excision-defective mutant of bacillus cereus 569 is normal in incision and repair synthesis, but rejoining of incision breaks is defective, resulting in accumulation of low-molecular-weight dna after uv irradiation. the defect in removal of photoproducts by exonuclease after incision renders both vegetative cells and dormant spores of the mutant sensitive to uv. a similarity is indicated to the uvrd mutation described recently in escherichia coli.	1983	6415041
[is food poisoning caused by bacillus cereus more frequent?].		1983	6416806
[bacteria decomposing alpha-methylstyrol].	two bacterial strains assimilating alpha-methylsterene as a sole carbon and energy source were isolated from the sewage of an industrial plant producing synthetic rubber. the morphological, cultural and physiologo-biochemical properties of the strains were studied and their taxonomic position was determined. one of the cultures was classified as bacillus cereus and the other as pseudomonas aeruginosa. the rate of alpha-methylsterene destruction in the chemically defined medium was shown to depen ...	1983	6417462
food-borne infections and intoxications--recent trends and prospects for the future.		1983	6417799
studies on the penetration of lymecycline into the paranasal sinus in man.	concentration of lymecycline, a lipophilic tetracycline, in the human sinusal mucosa tissue, as measured by the "punch method" technique are fairly high. the median value of all examined pieces of mucosa amounts to 1.2 mcg/g.	1983	6417972
[transformation of bacillus cereus protoplasts with the plasmid dna from bacillus thuringiensis transformants].		1983	6417981