Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene reduction by carbon monoxide dehydrogenase from clostridium thermoaceticum. | purified co dehydrogenase (codh) from clostridium thermoaceticum catalyzed the transformation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (tnt). the intermediates and reduced products of tnt transformation were separated and appear to be identical to the compounds formed by c. acetobutylicum, namely, 2-hydroxylamino-4,6-dinitrotoluene (2ha46dnt), 4-hydroxylamino-2,6-dinitrotoluene (4ha26dnt), 2, 4-dihydroxylamino-6-nitrotoluene (24dhant), and the bamberger rearrangement product of 2,4-dihydroxylamino-6-nitrotoluen ... | 2000 | 10742229 |
| molecular epidemiology of a nosocomial outbreak due to enterobacter cloacae and enterobacter agglomerans in campinas, são paulo, brazil. | a total of 73 isolates (57 enterobacter cloacae and 16 enterobacter agglomerans), recovered during an outbreak of bacteremia in the campinas area, são paulo, brazil, were studied. of these isolates, 61 were from parenteral nutrition solutions, 9 from blood cultures, 2 from a sealed bottle of parenteral nutrition solution, and one was of unknown origin. of the 57 e. cloacae isolates, 54 were biotype 26, two were biotype 66 and one was non-typable. of 39 e. cloacae isolates submitted to ribotyping ... | 2000 | 10742720 |
| evaluation of the sirscan automated zone reader in a clinical microbiology laboratory. | we compared readings of kirby-bauer plates by the sirscan, an automated image analyzer that measures zone diameters, to those of experienced clinical microbiologists measuring zones with a hand-held caliper interfaced to a computer and with a ruler. to read plates of escherichia coli, morganella morganii, and pseudomonas aeruginosa containing 12 antibiotic disks the sirscan took 11 s; technologists took 28 s by caliper and 39 s by ruler. reading times of four different technologists ranged from ... | 2000 | 10747172 |
| new beta -lactamase inhibitory protein (blip-i) from streptomyces exfoliatus smf19 and its roles on the morphological differentiation. | a new beta-lactamase inhibitory protein (blip-i) from streptomyces exfoliatus smf19 was purified and characterized. the molecular mass of blip-i was estimated to be 17.5 kda by gel filtration fast protein liquid chromatography. the n-terminal sequence was nh(2)-asn-ser-gly-phe-ser-ala-glu-lys-tyr-glu-gln-ile-gln-phe-gly. blip-i inhibited bacto(r) penase (difco), and plasmid encoded tem-1 beta-lactamase, whereas it did not inhibit enterobacter cloacae beta-lactamases. the k(i) value of blip-i aga ... | 2000 | 10747883 |
| type i nitroreductases in soil enterobacteria reduce tnt (2,4,6,-trinitrotoluene) and rdx (hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine). | many enteric bacteria express a type i oxygen-insensitive nitroreductase, which reduces nitro groups on many different nitroaromatic compounds under aerobic conditions. enzymatic reduction of nitramines was also documented in enteric bacteria under anaerobic conditions. this study indicates that nitramine reduction in enteric bacteria is carried out by the type i, or oxygen-insensitive nitroreductase, rather than a type ii enzyme. the enteric bacterium morganella morganii strain b2 with document ... | 2000 | 10749541 |
| viresin. a novel antibacterial protein from immune hemolymph of heliothis virescens pupae. | immune hemolymph was collected from fifth instar larvae and 1-day-old pupae of heliothis virescens after injection of prepupae with live enterobacter cloacae. induction of antibacterial activity against escherichia coli k12 d31 was 7.5 times greater in pupal than in larval immune hemolymph. lysozyme activity of immune pupal hemolymph against micrococcus lysodeikticus was 11 times greater when compared with lysozyme activity of immune larval hemolymph. early pupal immune response with regard to a ... | 2000 | 10651803 |
| dissimilatory metal reduction by the facultative anaerobe pantoea agglomerans sp1. | anaerobic enrichments with acetate as the electron donor and fe(iii) as the terminal electron acceptor were obtained from sediments of salt pond, a coastal marine basin near woods hole, mass. a pure culture of a facultatively anaerobic fe(iii) reducer was isolated, and 16s rrna analysis demonstrated that this organism was most closely related to pantoea (formerly enterobacter) agglomerans, a member of the family enterobacteriaceae within the gamma subdivision of the proteobacteria. this organism ... | 2000 | 10653716 |
| bacterial activity in the rhizosphere analyzed at the single-cell level by monitoring ribosome contents and synthesis rates. | the growth activity of pseudomonas putida cells colonizing the rhizosphere of barley seedlings was estimated at the single-cell level by monitoring ribosomal contents and synthesis rates. ribosomal synthesis was monitored by using a system comprising a fusion of the ribosomal escherichia coli rrnbp1 promoter to a gene encoding an unstable variant of the green fluorescent protein (gfp). gfp expression in a p. putida strain carrying this system inserted into the chromosome was strongly dependent o ... | 2000 | 10653754 |
| detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in clinical isolates of enterobacter cloacae and enterobacter aerogenes. | the aim of the present study was to investigate the frequency of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbls) in a consecutive collection of clinical isolates of enterobacter spp. the abilities of various screening methods to detect esbls in enterobacters were simultaneously tested. among the 68 consecutive isolates (56 enterobacter cloacae and 12 enterobacter aerogenes isolates) that were analyzed for beta-lactamase content, 21 (25 and 58%, respectively) possessed transferable esbls with pis of 8. ... | 2000 | 10655342 |
| ability of the vitek 2 advanced expert system to identify beta-lactam phenotypes in isolates of enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas aeruginosa. | the advanced expert system (aes) was used in conjunction with the vitek 2 automated antimicrobial susceptibility test system to ascertain the beta-lactam phenotypes of 196 isolates of the family enterobacteriaceae and the species pseudomonas aeruginosa. these isolates represented a panel of strains that had been collected from laboratories worldwide and whose beta-lactam phenotypes had been characterized by biochemical and molecular techniques. the antimicrobial susceptibility of each isolate wa ... | 2000 | 10655347 |
| problems related to determination of mics of oximino-type expanded-spectrum cephems for proteus vulgaris. | during in vitro susceptibility testing of clinical isolates of proteus vulgaris, we noted that the mics of several expanded-spectrum cephems were much higher in the broth microdilution method than in the agar dilution method (termed the mic gap phenomenon). here we investigated the mechanism of the mic gap phenomenon. cephems with the mic gap phenomenon were of the oximino type, such as cefotaxime, cefteram, and cefpodoxime, which serve as good substrates for inducible class a beta-lactamase (cu ... | 2000 | 10655366 |
| rapid diagnosis of bacteremia by universal amplification of 23s ribosomal dna followed by hybridization to an oligonucleotide array. | the rapid identification of bacteria in blood cultures and other clinical specimens is important for patient management and antimicrobial therapy. we describe a rapid (<4 h) detection and identification system that uses universal pcr primers to amplify a variable region of bacterial 23s ribosomal dna, followed by reverse hybridization of the products to a panel of oligonucleotides. this procedure was successful in discriminating a range of bacteria in pure cultures. when this procedure was appli ... | 2000 | 10655385 |
| rapid identification of bacteria in blood cultures by using fluorescently labeled oligonucleotide probes. | the applicability of whole-cell hybridization for the identification of pathogenic bacteria in blood from septic patients was examined. oligonucleotide probes, fluorescently labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate, directed against the variable regions of the 16s rrnas of the following bacterial species and/or genera were used: streptococcus spp., enterococcus faecalis, staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci (cons), escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and the enterobacteri ... | 2000 | 10655390 |
| bacteremia caused by a strain of desulfovibrio related to the provisionally named desulfovibrio fairfieldensis. | eight isolates of desulfovibrio spp. have been obtained over 5 years from abdominal or brain abscesses or blood. seven isolates were part of a mixed flora [corrected]. one strain was isolated in pure culture from the blood of a patient with peritonitis of appendicular origin. according to the 16s rrna gene sequences, this strain was close to desulfovibrio fairfieldensis. the present report describes the fourth isolate of this recently described species to be isolated in pure culture or as a pred ... | 2000 | 10655421 |
| substitutions in the eyelet region disrupt cefepime diffusion through the escherichia coli ompf channel. | the escherichia coli ompf porin is a nonspecific channel involved in the membrane translocation of small hydrophilic molecules and especially in the passage of beta-lactam antibiotics. in order to understand the dynamic of charged-compound uptake through bacterial porins, specific charges located in the e. coli ompf channel were mutated. substitutions g119d and g119e, inserting a protruding acidic side chain into the pore, decreased cephalosporin and colicin susceptibilities. cefepime diffusion ... | 2000 | 10639355 |
| cloning, nucleotide sequencing, and analysis of the gene encoding an ampc beta-lactamase in acinetobacter baumannii. | a clinical strain of acinetobacter baumannii (strain ab ryc 52763/97) that was isolated during an outbreak in our hospital and that was resistant to all beta-lactam antibiotics tested produced three beta-lactamases: a tem-1-type (pi, 5.4) plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase, a chromosomally mediated oxa-derived (pi, 9.0) beta-lactamase, and a presumptive chromosomal cephalosporinase (pi, 9.4). the nucleotide sequence of the chromosomal cephalosporinase gene shows for the first time the gene encoding ... | 2000 | 10639377 |
| identification and characterization of two chemotactic transducers for inorganic phosphate in pseudomonas aeruginosa. | two chemotactic transducers for inorganic phosphate (p(i)), designated ctph and ctpl, have been identified in pseudomonas aeruginosa. the corresponding genes (ctph and ctpl) were inactivated by inserting kanamycin and tetracycline resistance gene cassettes into the wild-type genes in the p. aeruginosa pao1 genome. computer-assisted capillary assays showed that the ctph single mutant failed to exhibit p(i) taxis when the concentration of p(i) in the capillary was higher than 5 mm. conversely, the ... | 2000 | 10852870 |
| the synthesis and evaluation of 2-substituted-7-(alkylidene)cephalosporin sulfones as beta-lactamase inhibitors. | a series of 2-substituted-7-(alkylidene)cephalosporin sulfones were prepared and evaluated as beta-lactamase inhibitors. compound 11c showed excellent activity as an inhibitor of the class c beta-lactamase derived from enterobacter cloacae, strain p99. | 2000 | 10853645 |
| an acc deaminase minus mutant of enterobacter cloacae uw4 no longer promotes root elongation. | the acc deaminase gene (acds) from enterobacter cloacae uw4 was replaced by homologous recombination with the acds gene with a tetracycline resistance gene inserted within the coding region. upon characterization of this acds minus mutant, it was determined that both acc deaminase activity and the ability to promote the elongation of canola roots under gnotobiotic conditions were greatly diminished. this result is consistent with a previously postulated model that suggests that a major mechanism ... | 2000 | 10856374 |
| effect of new quaternary bisammonium compounds on the growth and cell surface hydrophobicity of enterobacter cloacae. | the effect of new quaternary bisammonium salts (qbas) of series a: 1, 10-[bis(alkyldimethyl-diammonium)]-4,7-dioxo-3,8-dioxoundecandi bromides and series b: alpha-omega[bis(dodecyldimethyl-diammonium)]-3,x-dioxo-4,y- dioxoalcandibromides on the growth and surface hydrophobicity of e. cloacae strain was studied. the compounds of series a possess changing side substituent and the inhibition of growth displayed evident dependence of effect on length of alkyl with optimum at c9-c11 (cut off effect). ... | 2000 | 10857043 |
| rapid discriminatory detection of genes coding for shv beta-lactamases by ligase chain reaction. | ligase chain reaction (lcr) is a recently developed technique that employs a thermostable ligase and allows for the discrimination of dna sequences differing in only a single base pair. the method has been adapted and applied to differentiation of bla(shv) genes. we have developed an lcr typing method to characterize point mutations in genes for shv-derived extended-spectrum beta-lactamases with four different sets of biotinylated lcr primers. to evaluate the applicability of the current techniq ... | 2000 | 10858344 |
| a novel ctx-m beta-lactamase (ctx-m-8) in cefotaxime-resistant enterobacteriaceae isolated in brazil. | to estimate the diversity of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in brazil, 18 strains from different species of the family enterobacteriaceae exhibiting a positive double-disk synergy test were collected by a clinical laboratory from several hospitals in rio de janeiro, brazil, in 1996 and 1997. four strains (proteus mirabilis, enterobacter cloacae, enterobacter aerogenes, and citrobacter amalonaticus) hybridized with a 550-bp ctx-m probe. the p. mirabilis strain produced a ctx-m-2 enzyme. the e. ... | 2000 | 10858358 |
| meropenem versus imipenem/cilastatin in the treatment of sepsis in chinese patients. | meropenem and imipenem are beta-lactam antibiotics of the carbapenem group. carbapenems have bactericidal activity against a broad spectrum of bacteria, including most gram-positive cocci, gram-negative bacilli and anaerobes. experience in using meropenem in chinese patients has not been previously reported. | 2000 | 10862445 |
| a promoter region binding protein and dna gyrase regulate anaerobic transcription of nifla in enterobacter cloacae. | our work provides evidence that a sequence characteristic of fnr binding sites, when interacted with by a trans-acting factor, activates anaerobic transcription of the nifla operon in enterobacter cloacae. dna gyrase activity has been found to be important for the anaerobic transcription of the nifla promoter. our results suggest that anaerobic regulation of the nifla operon is mediated through the control of the promoter region-binding trans-acting factor at the transcriptional level, while dna ... | 2000 | 10869067 |
| microbiological investigation on black crusts from open-air stone monuments of bologna (italy). | samples of black crusts taken from open-air stone monuments in bologna dating back to between the twelfth and the nineteenth century were considered. the microbiological test procedures isolated from a high number of chemoorganotrophic bacteria, each of the samples although it was expected to find chemo-lithotrophic (specially sulfur-oxidizing and nitrifying) bacteria on account of the great amounts of sulphur, carbon, nitrogen dioxides and ammonia in the air. sporogenous and asporogenous specie ... | 2000 | 10872690 |
| bacterial contamination of ready-to-use 1-l feeding bottles and administration sets in severely compromised intensive care patients. | in intensive care patients, enteral feeding requires sterile feedings because of infectious complications and adequate supplements to meet nutritional needs. heretofore, prepacked, large-volume formula containers were developed, but bacterial contamination occurred in 4% to 15%. our objective was to investigate the microbial contamination rate of 1-l feeding bottles and newly designed administration sets over hanging times of 24 hrs in the intensive care unit (icu). | 2000 | 10667501 |
| in vitro activities of novel trans-3,5-disubstituted pyrrolidinylthio-1beta-methylcarbapenems with potent activities against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and pseudomonas aeruginosa. | the in vitro activities of the novel 1beta-methylcarbapenems j-111, 225, j-114,870, and j-114,871, which have a structurally unique side chain that consists of a trans-3,5-disubstituted 5-arylpyrrolidin-3-ylthio moiety at the c-2 position, were compared with those of reference antibiotics. among isolates of both methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (mrcons), 90% were inhibited by j-111,347 (prototype), j-111,225, j-114,870, ... | 2000 | 10681308 |
| ampr gene mutations that greatly increase class c beta-lactamase activity in enterobacter cloacae. | the ampc and ampr genes of enterobacter cloacae gn7471 were cloned into pmw218 to yield pku403. four mutant plasmids derived from pku403 (pku404, pku405, pku406, and pku407) were isolated in an ampd mutant of escherichia coli ml4953 by selection with ceftazidime or aztreonam. the beta-lactamase activities expressed by pku404, pku405, pku406, and pku407 were about 450, 75, 160, and 160 times higher, respectively, than that expressed by the original plasmid, pku403. these mutant plasmids all carri ... | 2000 | 10681318 |
| inactivation of the ampd gene in pseudomonas aeruginosa leads to moderate-basal-level and hyperinducible ampc beta-lactamase expression. | it has been shown in enterobacteria that mutations in ampd provoke hyperproduction of chromosomal beta-lactamase, which confers to these organisms high levels of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics. in this study, we investigated whether this genetic locus was implicated in the altered ampc beta-lactamase expression of selected clinical isolates and laboratory mutants of pseudomonas aeruginosa. the sequences of the ampd genes and promoter regions from these strains were determined and compared ... | 2000 | 10681322 |
| biochemical sequence analyses of ges-1, a novel class a extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, and the class 1 integron in52 from klebsiella pneumoniae. | klebsiella pneumoniae ori-1 was isolated in 1998 in france from a rectal swab of a 1-month-old girl who was previously hospitalized in cayenne hospital, cayenne, french guiana. this strain harbored a ca. 140-kb nontransferable plasmid, ptk1, that conferred an extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance profile antagonized by the addition of clavulanic acid, tazobactam, or imipenem. the gene for ges-1 (guiana extended-spectrum beta-lactamase) was cloned, and its protein was expressed in escherichi ... | 2000 | 10681329 |
| pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cefepime administered by intermittent and continuous infusion. | this study assessed the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cefepime administered by intermittent and continuous infusion against clinical isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterobacter cloacae, and staphylococcus aureus. | 2000 | 10688391 |
| role of the loop containing residue 115 in the induced-fit mechanism of the bacterial cell wall biosynthetic enzyme mura. | the induced-fit mechanism in enterobacter cloacae mura has been investigated by kinetic studies and x-ray crystallography. the antibiotic fosfomycin, an irreversible inhibitor of mura, induced a structural change in udp-n-acetylglucosamine (udpglcnac)-liganded enzyme with a time dependence similar to that observed for the inactivation progress. the mechanism of action of fosfomycin on mura appeared to be of the bimolecular type, the overall rate constants of inactivation and structural change be ... | 2000 | 10694381 |
| neonatal neoplasms. | to describe neoplasms diagnosed in children </= 28 days of age along with their treatment, associated congenital anomalies, and the long-term consequences of the diagnoses and treatments. | 2000 | 10758320 |
| enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus polymerase chain reaction typing of isolates of enterobacter cloacae from an outbreak of infection in a neonatal intensive care unit. | enterobacter cloacae has become a common cause of nosocomial infections. this study was designed to investigate the pattern of spread of e cloacae during an outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit. | 2000 | 10760220 |
| enterobacter cloacae graft infection/bacteremia in a hemodialysis patient. | 2000 | 10760226 | |
| an antibiotic policy to prevent emergence of resistant bacilli. | fear of infection in neonatal intensive care units (nicus) often leads to early use of empiric broad-spectrum antibiotics, a strategy that selects for resistant bacteria. we investigated whether the emergence of resistant strains could be halted by modifying the empiric antibiotic regimens to remove the selective pressure that favours resistant bacteria. | 2000 | 10768436 |
| comparative killing rates of fluoroquinolones and cell wall-active agents. | killing rates of fluoroquinolones, beta-lactams, and vancomycin were compared against enterobacteriaceae, staphylococcus aureus, pneumococci, streptococci, and enterococcus faecalis. the times required for fluoroquinolones to decrease viability by 3 log(10) were 1.5 h for enterobacteriaceae, 4 to 6 h for staphylococci, and >/=6 h for streptococci and enterococci. thus, the rate of killing by fluoroquinolones is organism group dependent; overall, they killed more rapidly than beta-lactams and van ... | 2000 | 10770784 |
| enterotoxigenic escherichia coli secretes active heat-labile enterotoxin via outer membrane vesicles. | escherichia coli and other gram-negative bacteria produce outer membrane vesicles during normal growth. vesicles may contribute to bacterial pathogenicity by serving as vehicles for toxins to encounter host cells. enterotoxigenic e. coli (etec) vesicles were isolated from culture supernatants and purified on velocity gradients, thereby removing any soluble proteins and contaminants from the crude preparation. vesicle protein profiles were similar but not identical to outer membranes and differed ... | 2000 | 10777535 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of tn10. | the complete nucleotide sequence of tn10 has been determined. the dinucleotide signature and percent g+c of the sequence had no discontinuities, indicating that tn10 constitutes a homogeneous unit. the new sequence contained three new open reading frames corresponding to a glutamate permease, repressors of heavy metal resistance operons, and a hypothetical protein in bacillus subtilis. the glutamate permease was fully functional when expressed, but tn10 did not protect escherichia coli from the ... | 2000 | 10781570 |
| [detection of extended spectrum beta-lactamases producing enterobacteriaceae in feces]. | a study was made of 366 feces for detection of extended spectrum beta-lactamases producing enterobacteriaceae from feces. the selective agar was used for modified drigalski agar (eiken chemical co., ltd) with 2 micrograms/ml cefotaxime (esbl screen agar). 92 strains of enterobacteriaceae, 41 escherichia coli, 15 citrobacter freundii, 13 enterobacter cloacae, 11 klebsiella pneumoniae, and other 12, were isolated from esbl screen agar. and, r-plasmid that were selected by 2 micrograms/ml cefotaxim ... | 2000 | 10783580 |
| purification to homogeneity and characterization of a novel pseudomonas putida chromate reductase. | cr(vi) (chromate) is a widespread environmental contaminant. bacterial chromate reductases can convert soluble and toxic chromate to the insoluble and less toxic cr(iii). bioremediation can therefore be effective in removing chromate from the environment, especially if the bacterial propensity for such removal is enhanced by genetic and biochemical engineering. to clone the chromate reductase-encoding gene, we purified to homogeneity (>600-fold purification) and characterized a novel soluble chr ... | 2000 | 10788340 |
| rapid identification and differentiation of bartonella species using a single-step pcr assay. | five species of bartonella have been reported to infect humans and cause a variety of diseases that can be difficult to diagnose. four species of bartonella have been reported to infect cats and dogs, and two of these species are considered to be zoonotic pathogens. diagnosis of bartonella infections is hampered by the slow, fastidious growth characteristics of bartonella species. we report on the development of a single-step pcr-based assay for the detection and differentiation of medically rel ... | 2000 | 10790087 |
| a pcr-colorimetric microwell plate hybridization assay for detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis and m. avium from culture samples and ziehl-neelsen-positive smears. | differentiation between mycobacterium tuberculosis and m. avium is essential for the treatment of mycobacterial infections. we have developed an easy and rapid detection assay for the diagnosis of mycobacterial diseases. this is a pcr-hybridization assay based on selective amplification of a 16s rrna gene sequence using pan-mycobacterium primers followed by hybridization of the amplification products to biotinylated m. tuberculosis and m. avium-specific probes. a total of 55 mycobacterial isolat ... | 2000 | 10790097 |
| complications of intrauterine intervention for treatment of fetal obstructive uropathy. | the intrauterine surgical placement of vesicoamniotic shunts in the treatment of fetal obstructive uropathy associated with prune-belly syndrome to avoid such complications as renal damage and oligohydramnios remains controversial. we present a case of an infant born with prune-belly syndrome at 33 weeks and 5 days of estimated gestational age to a mother of two by vaginal delivery after a pregnancy complicated by fetal obstructive uropathy with attempted intrauterine intervention. after sonogra ... | 2000 | 10792105 |
| treatment of sanitary-important bacteria by bacteriocin substance v24 in cattle dung water. | quantification of sanitary-important bacteria (e.g. enterobacteriaceae), as well as indicators of environmental contamination, was assessed in samples of cattle dung from 25 cattle farms in 15 north-eastern slovakia districts. the inhibitory effect of crude bacteriocin extract cbe v24 from enterococcus faecalis v24 against listeria monocytogenes ohio and yersinia enterocolitica ye85 was examined in cattle dung water with the aim of finding a new way of eliminating the health risk of the animal s ... | 2000 | 10792671 |
| comparative aspects of the diffusion of norfloxacin, cefepime and spermine through the f porin channel of enterobacter cloacae. | in enterobacteriaceae, the permeability of the outer membrane to hydrophilic antibiotics is associated with the presence of pore-forming proteins. we tested the diffusion of the fluoroquinolone norfloxacin in four enterobacter cloacae strains: a clinical isolate and three derivatives variously producing or lacking the d and f porins. we analysed the entry of norfloxacin into e. cloacae cells in the presence of either the polyamine spermine or the recently developed cefepime, which are known to p ... | 2000 | 10794735 |
| in vitro antimicrobial activity of gatifloxacin against 873 clinical isolates from respiratory tract, urinary tract and surgical infections during 1997-1998 in japan. | the in vitro activity of gatifloxacin was determined for 873 isolates from various infections during 1997-1998 in japan. gatifloxacin was active against streptococci, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, moraxella catarrhalis, haemophilus influenzae and neisseria gonorrhoeae, with mic(90)s of </=0.39 mg/l. the activity was two- to 32-fold greater than that of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin against gram-positive bacteria, and comparable to that against gram-negative bacteria. gatifloxacin was ... | 2000 | 10797094 |
| field investigations of bacterial contaminants and their effects on extended porcine semen. | field investigations (n=23) were made over a 3-yr period at north american boar studs and farms in which the primary complaint was sperm agglutination in association with decreased sperm longevity of extended semen, and increased regular returns to estrus and/or vaginal discharges across parity. microscopic examination of extended semen from these units revealed depressed gross motility (usually <30%), sperm agglutination, and sperm cell death occurring within 2 d of semen collection and process ... | 2000 | 10798493 |
| [prevalence of bacterial contamination of standard platelet units: prospective study]. | platelet concentrates contaminated with bacteria are a main source of transfusion-associated sepsis. several studies have reported a very wide incidence (0-10%) of contamination. the aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of bacterial contamination of standard platelet units at the regional blood transfusion center in casablanca. | 2000 | 10812660 |
| carbapenemases of chryseobacterium (flavobacterium) meningosepticum: distribution of blab and characterization of a novel metallo-beta-lactamase gene, blab3, in the type strain, nctc 10016. | genes encoding carbapenemases in 15 reference strains of chryseobacterium (flavobacterium) meningosepticum from the united kingdom national collection of type cultures and in one recent clinical isolate were investigated. all the strains hydrolyzed imipenem, but their levels of resistance to carbapenems varied, with imipenem and meropenem mics ranging from 2 to >32 microg/ml. the blab gene, which encodes a molecular-class b carbapenemase, was detected in only six reference strains and in clinica ... | 2000 | 10817691 |
| biochemical-genetic characterization and regulation of expression of an acc-1-like chromosome-borne cephalosporinase from hafnia alvei. | a naturally occurring ampc beta-lactamase (cephalosporinase) gene was cloned from the hafnia alvei 1 clinical isolate and expressed in escherichia coli. the deduced ampc beta-lactamase (acc-2) had a pi of 8 and a relative molecular mass of 37 kda and showed 50 and 47% amino acid identity with the chromosome-encoded ampcs from serratia marcescens and providentia stuartii, respectively. it had 94% amino acid identity with the recently described plasmid-borne cephalosporinase acc-1 from klebsiella ... | 2000 | 10817695 |
| a between-species comparison of antimicrobial resistance in enterobacteria in fecal flora. | enterobacteria in fecal flora are often reported to be highly resistant. escherichia coli is the main species; resistance data on other species are rare. to assess the effect of the host's environment, antimicrobial resistance was determined in fecal species of the family enterobacteriaceae from three populations: healthy people (hp)(n = 125) with no exposure to antimicrobials for 3 months preceding sampling, university hospital patients (up) (n = 159) from wards where the antibiotic use was 112 ... | 2000 | 10817696 |
| activities of taurolidine in vitro and in experimental enterococcal endocarditis. | in vitro, the antimicrobial agent taurolidine inhibited virtually all of the bacteria tested, including vancomycin-resistant enterococci, oxacillin-resistant staphylococci, and stenotrophomonas maltophilia, at concentrations between 250 and 2,000 microg/ml. taurolidine was not effective in experimental endocarditis. while it appears unlikely that this antimicrobial would be useful for systemic therapy, its bactericidal activity and the resistance rates found (<10(-9)) are favorable indicators fo ... | 2000 | 10817739 |
| outbreak of enterobacter cloacae related to understaffing, overcrowding, and poor hygiene practices. | 2000 | 10823560 | |
| in vitro activity of gemifloxacin against a broad range of recent clinical isolates from the usa. | the antibacterial potencies of gemifloxacin (sb-265805) and 13 comparator compounds were determined by broth microdilution against a panel of 645 gram-positive and 995 gram-negative organisms collected from various usa sites. time-kill studies were performed and postantibiotic effect (pae) was determined for several organisms using trovafloxacin and ciprofloxacin as comparator compounds. based on mic(90)s, gemifloxacin was the most potent compound tested against gram-positive isolates: streptoco ... | 2000 | 10824027 |
| use of randomly amplified polymorphic dna as a means of developing genus- and strain-specific streptomyces dna probes. | we have analyzed 20 randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) primers against 36 streptomyces strains, including 17 taxonomically undefined strains, 25 nonstreptomycete actinomycetes, and 12 outgroups consisting of gram-positive and -negative species. most of the primers were useful in identifying unique dna polymorphisms of all strains tested. we have used rapd techniques to develop a genus-specific probe, one not necessarily targeting the ribosomal gene, for streptomyces, and a strain-specific ... | 2000 | 10831438 |
| use of pcr with universal primers and restriction endonuclease digestions for detection and identification of common bacterial pathogens in cerebrospinal fluid. | we have designed a universal pcr capable of amplifying a portion of the 16s rrna gene of eubacteria, including staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus agalactiae, streptococcus pneumoniae, enterococcus faecium, enterococcus faecalis, mycobacterium tuberculosis, legionella pneumophila, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, serratia marcescens, enterobacter cloacae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, acinetobacter baumannii, proteus mirabilis, haemophilus i ... | 2000 | 10834956 |
| rpob gene analysis as a novel strategy for identification of spirochetes from the genera borrelia, treponema, and leptospira. | spirochetes are emerging pathogens for which culture and identification are partly unresolved. in fact, 16s rrna-based sequencing is by far the most widely used pcr methodology that is able to detect such uncultivable pathogens. however, this assay actually has some limitations linked to potential problems of contamination, which hampers diagnosis. to circumvent this, we have devised a simple pcr strategy involving targeting of the gene encoding the rna polymerase beta subunit (rpob), a highly c ... | 2000 | 10834976 |
| enterobacter cloacae sepsis outbreak in a newborn unit caused by contaminated total parenteral nutrition solution. | the study aimed to investigate an outbreak caused by enterobacter cloacae in a neonate intensive care unit. | 2000 | 10840347 |
| comparative x-ray analysis of the un-liganded fosfomycin-target mura. | mura, an essential enzyme for the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall, follows an induced-fit mechanism. upon substrate binding, the active site forms in the interdomain cleft, involving movements of the two domains of the protein and a reorientation of the loop pro112-pro121. we compare two structures of un-liganded mura from enterobacter cloacae: a new orthorhombic form, solved to 1.80 a resolution, and a monoclinic form, redetermined to 1.55 a resolution. in the monoclinic form, the loop pro ... | 2000 | 10842342 |
| kombucha fermentation and its antimicrobial activity. | kombucha was prepared in a tea broth (0.5% w/v) supplemented with sucrose (10% w/v) by using a commercially available starter culture. the ph decreased steadily from 5 to 2.5 during the fermentation while the weight of the "tea fungus" and the od of the tea broth increased through 4 days of the fermentation and remained fairly constant thereafter. the counts of acetic acid-producing bacteria and yeasts in the broth increased up to 4 days of fermentation and decreased afterward. the antimicrobial ... | 2000 | 10888589 |
| assessment of the microbiological quality and wash treatments of lettuce served in university restaurants. | one hundred and forty-four samples of lettuce from 16 university restaurants were analyzed. the mesophilic aerobic counts of all samples ranged from 3.01 to 7.81 log10 cfu g(-1). results of total coliforms ranged from < 0.47 to > 3.38 log10 most probable number (mpn) g(-1). of the lettuce samples, 25.7% harbored escherichia coli, 22.9% staphylococcus aureus and 84% group d streptococci. similarly, 10.4% of the samples harbored aeromonas hydrophila, 2.8% pseudomonas aeruginosa, and coliforms such ... | 2000 | 10898470 |
| amino acid substitutions in a variant of imp-1 metallo-beta-lactamase. | in the course of surveying for the carbapenem-hydrolyzing metallo-beta-lactamase gene bla(imp) in pathogenic bacteria by the pcr method, we detected a gene encoding a variant metallo-beta-lactamase, designated imp-3, which differed from imp-1 by having low hydrolyzing activity for penicillins and carbapenems. pcr product direct sequencing of a 2.2-kb segment revealed that the gene bla(imp-3) was located on a cassette inserted within a class i integron in the pms390 plasmid. the 741-bp nucleotide ... | 2000 | 10898670 |
| mutations in 23s rrna and ribosomal protein l4 account for resistance in pneumococcal strains selected in vitro by macrolide passage. | the mechanisms responsible for macrolide resistance in streptococcus pneumoniae mutants, selected from susceptible strains by serial passage in azithromycin, were investigated. these mutants were resistant to 14- and 15-membered macrolides, but resistance could not be explained by any clinically relevant resistance determinant [mef(a), erm(a), erm(b), erm(c), erm(tr), msr(a), mph(a), mph(b), mph(c), ere(a), ere(b)]. an investigation into the sequences of 23s rrnas in the mutant and parental stra ... | 2000 | 10898684 |
| saccharomicins, novel heptadecaglycoside antibiotics produced by saccharothrix espanaensis: antibacterial and mechanistic activities. | saccharomicins a and b, two new heptadecaglycoside antibiotics, were isolated from the fermentation broth of the rare actinomycete saccharothrix espanaensis. they represent a novel class of bactericidal antibiotics that are active both in vitro and in vivo against bacteria and yeast (mics: staphylococcus aureus, <0.12 to 0. 5; vancomycin-resistant enterococci, 0.25 to 16; gram-negative bacteria, 0.25 to >128; and yeast, >128 microg/ml), including multiply resistant strains. saccharomicins protec ... | 2000 | 10898690 |
| a carboxy-terminal 16-amino-acid region of sigma(38) of escherichia coli is important for transcription under high-salt conditions and sigma activities in vivo. | sigma(38) (or sigma(s), the rpos gene product) is a sigma subunit of rna polymerase in escherichia coli and directs transcription from a number of stationary-phase promoters as well as osmotically inducible promoters. in this study, we analyzed the function of the carboxy-terminal 16-amino-acid region of sigma(38) (residues 315 to 330), which is well conserved among the rpos gene products of enteric bacterial species. truncation of this region was shown to result in the loss of sigma activity in ... | 2000 | 10913098 |
| enterobacter cloacae outbreak in the nicu related to disinfected thermometers. | in the first week ot december 1997, an increasing incidence of neonates colonized with multi-drug resistant enterobacter cloacae (mr-e. cloacae) was observed in the neonatal intensive care unit of our 950-bed university hospital. initially, re-enforcement of infection control practices including hand disinfection and cohort isolation seemed to be sufficient to control the outbreak. nevertheless, an increasing number of newly admitted patients was paralleled by another rise in the incidence of co ... | 2000 | 10917779 |
| characteristics of neonatal bacterial meningitis in a teaching hospital in taiwan from 1984-1997. | during the period from 1984 to 1997, 85 bacterial meningitis neonates with positive cerebrospinal fluid cultures were treated. the ages of these patients ranged from 1 to 28 days. the male to female ratio was 1.7 to 1. the most common causative agent was group b beta-hemolytic streptococci (gbs, 31.8%), followed by escherichia coli (20%), proteus mirabilis (7.1%), enterobacter cloacae (5.9%), other streptococci excluding streptococcus pneumoniae (5.9%), chryseobacterium meningosepticum (5.9%), e ... | 2000 | 10917879 |
| efficacy and safety of cefepime in the treatment of serious bacterial infections in hospitalized adult patients. | proper and timely choice of the antibiotic therapy for the management of infection in hospitalized patients is an immense challenge to the clinician. a newly developed extended-spectrum fourth-generation cephalosporin cefepime, has been shown to have good activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. in order to further establish the efficacy and safety of cefepime in the treatment of adult hospitalized patients in taiwan, we reviewed the medical records of all patients who re ... | 2000 | 10917881 |
| rapid detection of campylobacter jejuni in stool specimens by an enzyme immunoassay and surveillance for campylobacter upsaliensis in the greater salt lake city area. | the alexon-trend, inc. (ramsey, minn.), prospect campylobacter microplate assay was compared with culture on a campy-cva plate (remel, lenexa, kans.) and blood-free campylobacter agar with cefoperazone (20 microg/ml), amphotericin b (10 microg/ml), and teicoplanin (4 microg/ml) (cat medium; oxoid limited, hampshire, england) with 631 patient stool samples. the cat medium was used to isolate campylobacter upsaliensis. the enzyme immunoassay (eia) had a sensitivity and a specificity of 89 and 99%, ... | 2000 | 10921981 |
| induction of oxidative stress in leukocytes by an enterobacter cloacae toxin able to form oligomers and binding to proteins. | a leukotoxic and hemolytic toxin was purified from cultures of enterobacter cloacae. stimulation of oxidative stress was observed and the production of reactive oxidant species was measured in leukocytes treated with toxin by means of nitroblue tetrazolium and chemiluminescence assays. molecular weight of toxin was estimated by chromatography and sds-page. two protean peaks with toxic activity were found in sephadex g-100 (p1, 42.0 kda; and p2, 13.3 kda). the relative amounts between the peaks ( ... | 2000 | 10924332 |
| a heterogeneous outbreak of enterobacter cloacae and serratia marcescens infections in a surgical intensive care unit. | to investigate an outbreak of invasive disease due to enterobacter cloacae and serratia marcescens in a surgical intensive care unit (icu). | 2000 | 10926397 |
| fragmentation of 23s rrna in strains of proteus and providencia results from intervening sequences in the rrn (rrna) genes. | intervening sequences (ivss) were originally identified in the rrl genes for 23s rrna (rrl genes, for large ribosomal subunit, part of rrn operon encoding rrna) of salmonella enterica serovars typhimurium lt2 and arizonae. these sequences are transcribed but later removed during rnase iii processing of the rrna, resulting in fragmentation of the 23s species; ivss are uncommon, but have been reported in at least 10 bacterial genera. through pcr amplification of ivs-containing regions of the rrl g ... | 2000 | 10648538 |
| association of qace and qacedelta1 with multiple resistance to antibiotics and antiseptics in clinical isolates of gram-negative bacteria. | clinical isolates of enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and stenotrophomonas maltophilia were tested for resistance to antibiotics and to the antiseptics benzalkonium chloride and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. furthermore, they were examined for the presence of the resistance genes qace and qacedelta1. qacedelta1 was detected by pcr in 10% of all (n=103) and in 81% of multiply antibiotic-resistant strains (n=15). qace was found in only one of 37 p. aeruginosa s ... | 2000 | 10650208 |
| outbreak investigation of nosocomial enterobacter cloacae bacteraemia in a neonatal intensive care unit. | over a period of 7 months, 23 patients hospitalized in a neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) developed nosocomial enterobacter cloacae bacteraemia. contaminated saline for preparing heparin solution was initially identified as the common source of e. cloacae bacteraemia. although environmental sanitation was enforced, the outbreak continued. e. cloacae has always been isolated from various cultures of the environmental specimens, from the hands of personnel and from the faeces of patients. all o ... | 2000 | 10879601 |
| influence of an infectious disease service on antibiotic prescription behavior and selection of multiresistant pathogens. | a routine infectious disease service was established in january 1998 in order to optimize the antibiotic usage and prescription pattern of a neurologic intensive care unit (nicu). | 2000 | 11139159 |
| first isolation of a ctx-m-3-producing enterobacter cloacae in france. | 2000 | 11184230 | |
| isolation of an shv-12 beta-lactamase-producing escherichia coli strain from a dog with recurrent urinary tract infections. | 2000 | 11185493 | |
| a case of persistent enterobacter cloacae bacteremia. | 2000 | 11192534 | |
| a family of peptidoglycan recognition proteins in the fruit fly drosophila melanogaster. | peptidoglycans from bacterial cell walls trigger immune responses in insects and mammals. a peptidoglycan recognition protein, pgrp, has been cloned from moths as well as vertebrates and has been shown to participate in peptidoglycan-mediated activation of prophenoloxidase in the silk moth. here we report that drosophila expresses 12 pgrp genes, distributed in 8 chromosomal loci on the 3 major chromosomes. by analyzing cdna clones and genomic databases, we grouped them into two classes: pgrp-sa, ... | 2000 | 11106397 |
| the drosophila caspase dredd is required to resist gram-negative bacterial infection. | the drosophila innate immune system discriminates between pathogens and responds by inducing the expression of specific antimicrobial peptide-encoding genes through distinct signaling cascades. fungal infection activates nf-kappab-like transcription factors via the toll pathway, which also regulates innate immune responses in mammals. the pathways that mediate antibacterial defenses, however, are less defined. we have isolated loss-of-function mutations in the caspase encoding gene dredd, which ... | 2000 | 11269502 |
| activation of the drosophila nf-kappab factor relish by rapid endoproteolytic cleavage. | the rel/nf-kappab transcription factor relish plays a key role in the humoral immune response in drosophila. we now find that activation of this innate immune response is preceded by rapid proteolytic cleavage of relish into two parts. an n-terminal fragment, containing the dna-binding rel homology domain, translocates to the nucleus where it binds to the promoter of the cecropin a1 gene and probably to the promoters of other antimicrobial peptide genes. the c-terminal ikappab-like fragment rema ... | 2000 | 11269501 |
| structural basis for the interaction of the fluorescence probe 8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonate (ans) with the antibiotic target mura. | the extrinsic fluorescence dye 8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonate (ans) is widely used for probing conformational changes in proteins, yet no detailed structure of ans bound to any protein has been reported so far. ans has been successfully used to monitor the induced-fit mechanism of mura [udpglcnac enolpyruvyltransferase (ec )], an essential enzyme for bacterial cell wall biosynthesis. we have solved the crystal structure of the ans small middle dotmura complex at 1.7-a resolution. ans binds at ... | 2000 | 10823915 |
| drosophila thor participates in host immune defense and connects a translational regulator with innate immunity. | thor has been identified as a new type of gene involved in drosophila host immune defense. thor is a member of the 4e-binding protein (4e-bp) family, which in mammals has been defined as critical regulators in a pathway that controls initiation of translation through binding eukaryotic initiation factor 4e (eif4e). without an infection, thor is expressed during all developmental stages and transcripts localize to a wide variety of tissues, including the reproductive system. in response to bacter ... | 2000 | 10811906 |
| laboratory-acquired parasitic infections from accidental exposures. | parasitic diseases are receiving increasing attention in developed countries in part because of their importance in travelers, immigrants, and immunocompromised persons. the main purpose of this review is to educate laboratorians, the primary readership, and health care workers, the secondary readership, about the potential hazards of handling specimens that contain viable parasites and about the diseases that can result. this is accomplished partly through discussion of the occupationally acqui ... | 2001 | 11585780 |
| diagnosis of bacteriuria by detection of volatile organic compounds in urine using an automated headspace analyzer with multiple conducting polymer sensors. | the osmetech microbial analyzer (oma) is an automated headspace analyzer fitted with a novel detector system consisting of an array of polymer sensors, each of which responds to different volatile organic compounds. the system can be used for screening clinical urine specimens for significant bacteriuria by sampling urine headspace and subjecting the output of the multiple-detector response to principal component analysis. the oma readily distinguished artificially infected urine samples from st ... | 2001 | 11427574 |
| the imd gene is required for local cecropin expression in drosophila barrier epithelia. | surfaces of higher eukaryotes are normally covered with microorganisms but are usually not infected by them. innate immunity and the expression of gene-encoded antimicrobial peptides play important roles in the first line of defence in higher animals. the immune response in drosophila promotes systemic expression of antimicrobial peptides in response to microbial infection. we now demonstrate that the epidermal cells underlying the cuticle of larvae respond to infected wounds by local expression ... | 2001 | 11266367 |
| the gata factor serpent is required for the onset of the humoral immune response in drosophila embryos. | innate immunity in drosophila is characterized by the inducible expression of antimicrobial peptides. we have investigated the development and regulation of immune responsiveness in drosophila embryos after infection. immune competence, as monitored by the induction of cecropin a1-lacz constructs, was observed first in the embryonic yolk. this observation suggests that the yolk plays an important role in the humoral immune response of the developing embryo by synthesizing antimicrobial peptides. ... | 2001 | 11274409 |
| pharmacokinetics of cefepime during continuous renal replacement therapy in critically ill patients. | the pharmacokinetics of cefepime were studied in 12 adult patients in intensive care units during continuous venovenous hemofiltration (cvvh) or continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (cvvhdf) with a multiflow60 an69hf 0.60-m(2) polyacrylonitrile hollow-fiber membrane (hospal industrie, meyzieu, france). patients (mean age, 52.0 +/- 13.0 years [standard deviation]; mean weight, 96.7 +/- 18.4 kg) received 1 or 2 g of cefepime every 12 or 24 h (total daily doses of 1 to 4 g/day) by intravenous in ... | 2001 | 11600370 |
| transposons tn1696 and tn21 and their integrons in4 and in2 have independent origins. | the first 13.6 kb of the mercury and multidrug resistance transposon tn1696, which includes the class 1 integron in4, has been sequenced. in4 is 8.33 kb long and contains the 5'-conserved segment (5'-cs) and 2.24 kb of the 3'-conserved segment (3'-cs) flanking four integrated cassettes. the 3'-cs region is followed by one full copy and an adjacent partial copy of the insertion sequence is6100 flanked, in inverse orientation, by two short segments (123 and 152 bp) from the outer right-hand end of ... | 2001 | 11257044 |
| antimicrobial activity of fluoroquinolone photodegradation products determined by parallel-line bioassay and high performance liquid chromatography. | the fluoroquinolones produce multiple photodegradation products. little is known about these products, particularly whether any possess antimicrobial activity. to investigate this, we used the parallel-line bioassay to investigate discrepancies in zone of inhibition size in conjunction with high performance liquid chromatography (hplc) analysis. a continuous flow photochemical reaction unit ('beam-boost') was used to partially photodegrade the fluoroquinolones ofloxacin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxa ... | 2001 | 11222559 |
| analysis of the pmsceab gene cluster involved in biosynthesis of salicylic acid and the siderophore pseudomonine in the biocontrol strain pseudomonas fluorescens wcs374. | mutants of pseudomonas fluorescens wcs374 defective in biosynthesis of the fluorescent siderophore pseudobactin still display siderophore activity, indicating the production of a second siderophore. a recombinant cosmid clone (pmb374-07) of a wcs374 gene library harboring loci necessary for the biosynthesis of salicylic acid (sa) and this second siderophore pseudomonine was isolated. the salicylate biosynthesis region of wcs374 was localized in a 5-kb ecori fragment of pmb374-07. the sa and pseu ... | 2001 | 11222588 |
| analysis of bacterial community structure in sulfurous-oil-containing soils and detection of species carrying dibenzothiophene desulfurization (dsz) genes. | the selective effects of sulfur-containing hydrocarbons, with respect to changes in bacterial community structure and selection of desulfurizing organisms and genes, were studied in soil. samples taken from a polluted field soil (a) along a concentration gradient of sulfurous oil and from soil microcosms treated with dibenzothiophene (dbt)-containing petroleum (fsl soil) were analyzed. analyses included plate counts of total bacteria and of dbt utilizers, molecular community profiling via soil d ... | 2001 | 11229891 |
| chromate reduction by a pseudomonad isolated from a site contaminated with chromated copper arsenate. | a pseudomonad (crb5) isolated from a decommissioned wood preservation site reduced toxic chromate [cr(vi)] to an insoluble cr(iii) precipitate under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. crb5 tolerated up to 520 mg of cr(vi) liter(-1) and reduced chromate in the presence of copper and arsenate. under anaerobic conditions it also reduced co(iii) and u(vi), partially internalizing each metal. metal precipitates were also found on the surface of the outer membrane and (sometimes) on a capsule. the resu ... | 2001 | 11229894 |
| national epidemiologic surveys of enterobacter aerogenes in belgian hospitals from 1996 to 1998. | two national surveys were conducted to describe the incidence and prevalence of enterobacter aerogenes in 21 belgian hospitals in 1996 and 1997 and to characterize the genotypic diversity and the antimicrobial resistance profiles of clinical strains of e. aerogenes isolated from hospitalized patients in belgium in 1997 and 1998. twenty-nine hospitals collected 10 isolates of e. aerogenes, which were typed by arbitrarily primed pcr (ap-pcr) using two primers and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. ... | 2001 | 11230400 |
| controlled clinical comparison of bactec plus anaerobic/f to standard anaerobic/f as the anaerobic companion bottle to plus aerobic/f medium for culturing blood from adults. | to determine the optimal anaerobic companion bottle to pair with bactec plus aerobic/f medium for recovery of pathogenic microorganisms from adult patients with bacteremia and fungemia, we compared plus anaerobic/f bottles with standard anaerobic/f bottles, each of which was filled with 4 to 6 ml of blood. the two bottles were paired with a plus aerobic/f bottle filled with 8 to 12 ml of blood. a total of 14,011 blood culture sets were obtained. of these, 11,583 sets were received with all three ... | 2001 | 11230415 |
| characterisation of hafnia alvei isolates from human clinical extra-intestinal specimens: haemagglutinins, serum resistance and siderophore synthesis. | extra-intestinal hafnia alvei isolates are rarely considered to be pathogenic. to investigate whether such strains are able to produce virulence factors, a total of 70 clinical h. alvei isolates was compared with clinical extra-intestinal isolates of other members of the enterobacterial tribe klebsiellae (kiebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter cloacae, serratia marcescens). whereas mannose-sensitive haemagglutination (msha) was less common in h. alvei (59%) than in k. pneumoniae (86%) and e. cloaca ... | 2001 | 11232764 |
| identification by 16s ribosomal rna gene sequencing of an enterobacteriaceae species with ambiguous biochemical profile from a renal transplant recipient. | traditional ways of identification of bacteria by phenotypic characteristics cannot be used for non-cultivable organisms and organisms with unusual biochemical profiles. in this study, an enterobacteriaceae was isolated in pure growth from the mid-stream urine of a 67-year old renal transplant recipient with urinary tract infection. conventional biochemical tests did not reveal a pattern resembling any known member of the enterobacteriaceae family. the vitek system (gni+) showed that it was 18% ... | 2001 | 11248520 |
| carbapenem-resistant serratia marcescens isolates producing bush group 2f beta-lactamase (sme-1) in the united states: results from the mystic programme. | two carbapenem (imipenem, meropenem)-resistant serratia marcescens strains were isolated in the united states (chicago, il) through the 1999 mystic (meropenem yearly susceptibility test information collection) programme. the s. marcescens antimicrobial susceptible patterns were: susceptible to ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, and cefepime (mics, < or = 0.25 microg/ml), and resistance to the carbapenems (imipenem and meropenem; mic, > 32 microg/ml) and aztreonam (mic, > = 16 microg/ml). each s. marcesce ... | 2001 | 11248526 |
| novel carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase, kpc-1, from a carbapenem-resistant strain of klebsiella pneumoniae. | a klebsiella pneumoniae isolate showing moderate to high-level imipenem and meropenem resistance was investigated. the mics of both drugs were 16 microg/ml. the beta-lactamase activity against imipenem and meropenem was inhibited in the presence of clavulanic acid. the strain was also resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporins and aztreonam. isoelectric focusing studies demonstrated three beta-lactamases, with pis of 7.2 (shv-29), 6.7 (kpc-1), and 5.4 (tem-1). the presence of bla(shv) and bla ... | 2001 | 11257029 |