Publications

microbiologic analysis of bottled water: is it safe for use with contact lenses?	to analyze commercially available bottled water as a possible source of microbial contamination of contact lenses.	1999	10442894
the amino acid sequence of ribitol dehydrogenase-f, a mutant enzyme with improved xylitol dehydrogenase activity.	a mutant ribitol dehydrogenase (rdh-f) was purified from klebsiella aerogenes strain f which evolved from the wild-type strain a under selective pressure to improve growth on xylitol, a poor substrate used as sole carbon source. the ratio of activities on xylitol (500 mm) and ribitol (50 mm) was 0.154 for rdh-f compared to 0.033 for the wild-type (rdh-a) enzyme. the complete amino acid sequence of rdh-f showed the mutations. q60 for e60 and v215 for l215 in the single polypeptide chain of 249 am ...	1999	10449046
synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial studies of metal(ii) bis-chelates and mixed-ligand complexes of alpha-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-n-(1-phenyl-2-nitroethyl)nitrone.	this paper describes the synthesis of complexes of the type mb2. 2h2o and cubl.2h2o where bh = alpha-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-n-(1-phenyl-2-nitroethyl)-nitrone, m = copper(ii)/cobalt(ii)/nickel(ii) and lh = salicylaldehyde/salicylaldoxime/8-hydroxyquinoline/2-hydroxypyridine. the magnetic moment, ligand field spectra, thermal and esr studies reveals that these dihydrates possess octahedral geometry. the antimicrobial studies of these complexes against several microorganisms such as staphylococcus aureu ...	1999	10450122
impact of use of multiple antimicrobials on changes in susceptibility of gram-negative aerobes.	evaluation of antimicrobial usage vs. susceptibility relationships typically involves single agents. however, susceptibility profiles may be affected by multiple drugs. from 1992 through 1996, we studied relationships between drug usage and the susceptibility (only susceptibility rates of > or = 70%) of acinetobacter anitratus (baumannii), enterobacter aerogenes, escherichia coli, enterobacter cloacae, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, proteus mirabilis, and serratia marcescens to 2 ...	1999	10452628
verifying apple cider plant sanitation and hazard analysis critical control point programs: choice of indicator bacteria and testing methods.	the objectives of this study were (i) to evaluate the survival of coliforms, escherichia coli, and enterococci in refrigerated apple cider; (ii) to develop simple and inexpensive presumptive methods for detection of these bacteria; (iii) to perform a field survey to determine the prevalence of these bacteria on apples and in apple cider; and (iv) based on our results, to recommend the most useful of these three indicator groups for use in verifying apple cider processing plant sanitation and haz ...	1999	10456742
development of bacterial resistance to the third generation cephalosporins and their clinical use.	development of gram-negative rods resistance to the third generation cephalosporins (cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefoperazone) in connection with their application at the university hospital in olomouc was evaluated in this study. the highest increase in resistance to cefotaxime was detected in enterobacter cloacae (from 22.9% in 1995 to 49.0% in 1997) and enterobacter agglomerans strains (28.0% - 40.5%). in addition, increased resistance to ceftazidime in acinetobacter baumannii (12.5% - 35.1%), e ...	1999	10465127
a simple method for the isolation and purification of l-asparaginase from enterobacter aerogenes.	l-asparaginase from enterobacter aerogenes was purified by a simple method involving sonication of the crude cell mass, gel filtration with sephacryl s-100 as the separating material, followed by ultrafiltration. recent methods involve complex purification procedures of 5-6 steps. the isolation process resulted in 10-fold purification of the enzyme with a specific activity of 55 iu/mg protein and recovery of 54%. the purity was tested by capillary electrophoresis, used for the first time for doc ...	1999	10489691
the antimicrobial efficiency of piper betle linn leaf (stalk) against human pathogenic bacteria and phytopathogenic fungi.	the in vitro antimicrobial activity of different varieties of piper betle linn, leaf stalk extracts were studied against human pathogenic bacteria and phytopathogenic fungi by comparing the results with standard microbial susceptibility testing biodiscs. the ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts of all the four varieties have shown significant activity against bacteria vibrio cholerae ogawa, staphylococcus aureus, diplococcus pneumoniae and klebsiella aerogenes. the hexane and benzene extracts have ...	1999	10499145
gtp-dependent activation of urease apoprotein in complex with the ured, uref, and ureg accessory proteins.	syntheses of metal-containing enzymes often require the participation of accessory proteins. the roles played by many of these accessory proteins are poorly characterized. klebsiella aerogenes urease, a nickel-containing enzyme, provides an ideal system to study metallocenter assembly. here, we describe a method for isolating a complex containing urease apoprotein and the ured, uref, and ureg accessory proteins. we demonstrate that urease apoprotein in this complex is activated to near wild-type ...	1999	10500143
purification and characterization of monovalent cation-activated levodione reductase from corynebacterium aquaticum m-13.	(6r)-2,2,6-trimethyl-1,4-cyclohexanedione (levodione) reductase was isolated from a cell extract of the soil isolate corynebacterium aquaticum m-13. this enzyme catalyzed regio- and stereoselective reduction of levodione to (4r,6r)-4-hydroxy-2,2, 6-trimethylcyclohexanone (actinol). the relative molecular mass of the enzyme was estimated to be 142,000 da by high-performance gel permeation chromatography and 36,000 da by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the enzyme require ...	1999	10508066
acetate metabolism in a pta mutant of escherichia coli w3110: importance of maintaining acetyl coenzyme a flux for growth and survival.	in order to study the physiological role of acetate metabolism in escherichia coli, the growth characteristics of an e. coli w3100 pta mutant defective in phosphotransacetylase, the first enzyme of the acetate pathway, were investigated. the pta mutant grown on glucose minimal medium excreted unusual by-products such as pyruvate, d-lactate, and l-glutamate instead of acetate. in an analysis of the sequential consumption of amino acids by the pta mutant growing in tryptone broth (tb), a brief lag ...	1999	10542166
characterization and identification of numerically abundant culturable bacteria from the anoxic bulk soil of rice paddy microcosms.	most-probable-number (liquid serial dilution culture) counts were obtained for polysaccharolytic and saccharolytic fermenting bacteria in the anoxic bulk soil of flooded microcosms containing rice plants. the highest viable counts (up to 2.5 x 10(8) cells per g [dry weight] of soil) were obtained by using xylan, pectin, or a mixture of seven mono- and disaccharides as the growth substrate. the total cell count for the soil, as determined by using 4', 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining, was 4.8 ...	1999	10543821
antimicrobial activities of several parts of pinus brutia, juniperus oxycedrus, abies cilicia, cedrus libani and pinus nigra.	in this study, the antimicrobial activities of several parts of various trees grown in the kahramanmaraş region of turkey were investigated by the disc diffusion method. chloroform, acetone and methanol extracts of leaves, resins, barks, cones and fruits of pinus brutia ten., juniperus oxycedrus l., abies cilicia ant. & kotschy carr., cedrus libani a. rich. and pinus nigra arn. were prepared and tested against bacillus megaterium dsm 32, bacillus subtilis img 22, bacillus cereus fmc 19, escheric ...	1999	10548751
molecular characterisation of the dnak operon of lactobacillus sakei lth681.	the use of lactobacilli as starter organisms in food fermentation processes requires thorough knowledge of their reaction to the multitude of ecological factors including their response to stress. we have characterised the dnak gene region of lactobacillus sakei lth681. two chromosomal ecori fragments of 2.5 and 4.0 kb were identified using a homologous dnak probe generated by pcr. the sequence analysis of the cloned fragments showed that the dnak gene region consists of four heat shock genes wi ...	1999	10553284
characterization of metal-substituted klebsiella aerogenes urease.	urease possesses a dinuclear ni active site with the protein providing a bridging carbamylated lysine residue as well as an aspartyl and four histidyl ligands. the apoprotein can be activated in vitro by incubation with bicarbonate/co2 and ni(ii); however, only approximately 15% forms active enzyme (ni-co2-ureasea), with the remainder forming inactive carbamylated ni-containing protein (ni-co2-ureaseb). in the absence of co2, apoprotein plus ni(ii) forms a distinct inactive ni-containing species ...	1999	10555581
catabolite regulation of the pta gene as part of carbon flow pathways in bacillus subtilis.	in bacillus subtilis, the products of the pta and acka genes, phosphotransacetylase and acetate kinase, play a crucial role in the production of acetate, one of the most abundant by-products of carbon metabolism in this gram-positive bacterium. although these two enzymes are part of the same pathway, only mutants with inactivated acka did not grow in the presence of glucose. inactivation of pta had only a weak inhibitory effect on growth. in contrast to pta and acka in escherichia coli, the corr ...	1999	10559153
d-allose catabolism of escherichia coli: involvement of alsi and regulation of als regulon expression by allose and ribose.	genes involved in allose utilization of escherichia coli k-12 are organized in at least two operons, alsrbace and alsi, located next to each other on the chromosome but divergently transcribed. mutants defective in alsi (allose 6-phosphate isomerase gene) and alse (allulose 6-phosphate epimerase gene) were als(-). transcription of the two allose operons, measured as beta-galactosidase activity specified by alsi-lacz(+) or alse-lacz(+) operon fusions, was induced by allose. ribose also caused der ...	1999	10559180
fluorescence monitoring during cultivation of enterobacter aerogenes at different oxygen levels.	on-line monitoring of nad(p)h fluorescence and 2d fluorescence spectroscopy was performed with enterobacter aerogenes, a bacterium sensitive to oxygen availability. the organism was grown in a reactor under low and high dissolved oxygen concentrations and circulated through a bypass attached to the reactor. under low dissolved oxygen concentration in the reactor, nad(p)h fluorescence in the reactor and the bypass showed a deviation, but not when the dissolved oxygen level in the reactor was high ...	1999	10570795
general nitrogen regulation of nitrate assimilation regulatory gene nasr expression in klebsiella oxytoca m5al.	klebsiella oxytoca can assimilate nitrate and nitrite by using enzymes encoded by the nasfedcba operon. expression of the nasf operon is controlled by general nitrogen regulation (ntr) via the ntrc transcription activator and by pathway-specific nitrate and nitrite induction via the nasr transcription antiterminator. this paper reports our analysis of nasr gene expression. we constructed strains bearing single-copy phi(nasr-lacz) operon fusions within the chromosomal rhabad-rhasr locus. the expr ...	1999	10572131
cellobiose-6-phosphate hydrolase (celf) of escherichia coli: characterization and assignment to the unusual family 4 of glycosylhydrolases.	the gene celf of the cryptic cel operon of escherichia coli has been cloned, and the encoded 6-phospho-beta-glucosidase (cellobiose-6-phosphate [6p] hydrolase; celf [ec 3.2.1.86]) has been expressed and purified in a catalytically active state. among phospho-beta-glycosidases, celf exhibits unique requirements for a divalent metal ion and nad(+) for activity and, by sequence alignment, is assigned to family 4 of the glycosylhydrolase superfamily. celf hydrolyzed a variety of p-beta-glucosides, i ...	1999	10572139
regulation of adhe (encoding ethanol oxidoreductase) by the fis protein in escherichia coli.	the adhe gene of escherichia coli encodes a multifunctional ethanol oxidoreductase whose expression is 10-fold higher under anaerobic than aerobic conditions. transcription of the gene is under the negative control of the cra (catabolite repressor-activator) protein, whereas translation of the adhe mrna requires processing by rnase iii. in this report, we show that the expression of adhe also depends on the fis (factor for inversion stimulation) protein. a strain bearing a fis::kan null allele f ...	1999	10572146
in vivo modification of porin activity conferring antibiotic resistance to enterobacter aerogenes.	cephalosporins are widely used in chemotherapy of bacterial infections and resistance mechanisms seriously impair their antibacterial activity. several resistant strains of enterobacter aerogenes, a frequently isolated nosocomial pathogen, were analyzed. one isolate exhibited a strong modification of the porin antigenic pattern, especially with an immunological probe directed against an epitope located inside the pore lumen. a strong decrease of cefepime uptake was evidenced for this isolate, si ...	1999	10581197
ubiquity and diversity of dissimilatory (per)chlorate-reducing bacteria.	environmental contamination with compounds containing oxyanions of chlorine, such as perchlorate or chlorate [(per)chlorate] or chlorine dioxide, has been a constantly growing problem over the last 100 years. although the fact that microbes reduce these compounds has been recognized for more than 50 years, only six organisms which can obtain energy for growth by this metabolic process have been described. as part of a study to investigate the diversity and ubiquity of microorganisms involved in ...	1999	10583970
development of an infection-resistant lvad driveline: a novel approach to the prevention of device-related infections.	infection remains the single most important challenge to extended left ventricular assist device (lvad) use and often arises from the percutaneous driveline exit site. we evaluated the ability of an lvad driveline prototype impregnated with chlorhexidine, triclosan, and silver sulfadiazine to resist bacterial and fungal colonization.	1999	10598734
comparison of five beta-lactam antibiotics against common nosocomial pathogens using the time above mic at different creatinine clearances.	to compare the time above the minimum inhibitory concentration (t>mic) for five parenteral beta-lactam antibiotics against common nosocomial bacterial pathogens at different creatinine clearances (clcr).	1999	10600088
genetic analysis of a chromosomal region containing genes required for assimilation of allantoin nitrogen and linked glyoxylate metabolism in escherichia coli.	growth experiments with escherichia coli have shown that this organism is able to use allantoin as a sole nitrogen source but not as a sole carbon source. nitrogen assimilation from this compound was possible only under anaerobic conditions, in which all the enzyme activities involved in allantoin metabolism were detected. of the nine genes encoding proteins required for allantoin degradation, only the one encoding glyoxylate carboligase (gcl), the first enzyme of the pathway leading to glycerat ...	1999	10601204
regulation of expression of the adhe gene, encoding ethanol oxidoreductase in escherichia coli: transcription from a downstream promoter and regulation by fnr and rpos.	the adhe gene of escherichia coli, located at min 27 on the chromosome, encodes the bifunctional nad-linked oxidoreductase responsible for the conversion of acetyl-coenzyme a to ethanol during fermentative growth. the expression of adhe is dependent on both transcriptional and posttranscriptional controls and is about 10-fold higher during anaerobic than during aerobic growth. two putative transcriptional start sites have been reported: one at position -292 and the other at -188 from the transla ...	1999	10601216
evidence for a chemiosmotic model of dehalorespiration in desulfomonile tiedjei dcb-1.	desulfomonile tiedjei dcb-1, a sulfate-reducing bacterium, conserves energy for growth from reductive dehalogenation of 3-chlorobenzoate by an uncharacterized chemiosmotic process. respiratory electron transport components were examined in d. tiedjei cells grown under conditions for reductive dehalogenation, pyruvate fermentation, and sulfate reduction. reductive dehalogenation was inhibited by the respiratory quinone inhibitor 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline n-oxide, suggesting that a respiratory q ...	1999	9864310
a membrane-bound nad(p)+-reducing hydrogenase provides reduced pyridine nucleotides during citrate fermentation by klebsiella pneumoniae.	during anaerobic growth of klebsiella pneumoniae on citrate, 9.4 mmol of h2/mol of citrate (4-kpa partial pressure) was formed at the end of growth besides acetate, formate, and co2. upon addition of nicl2 (36 microm) to the growth medium, hydrogen formation increased about 36% to 14.8 mmol/mol of citrate (6 kpa), and the cell yield increased about 15%. cells that had been harvested and washed under anoxic conditions exhibited an h2-dependent formation of nad(p)h in vivo. the reduction of intern ...	1999	9864336
purification and cdna cloning of isochorismate synthase from elicited cell cultures of catharanthus roseus.	isochorismate is an important metabolite formed at the end of the shikimate pathway, which is involved in the synthesis of both primary and secondary metabolites. it is synthesized from chorismate in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme isochorismate synthase (ics; ec 5.4.99.6). we have purified ics to homogeneity from elicited catharanthus roseus cell cultures. two isoforms with an apparent molecular mass of 64 kd were purified and characterized. the km values for chorismate were 558 and 319 micr ...	1999	9952467
clinical microbiology and asm: quo vadis? american society for microbiology.		1999	10203463
a midcentury watershed: the transition from microbial biochemistry to molecular biology.		1999	9882645
a biochemical mechanism for nonrandom mutations and evolution.		2000	10809674
a temperature-sensitive adenylyl cyclase mutant of dictyostelium.	dictyostelium development starts with the chemotactic aggregation of up to 10(6) amoebae in response to propagating camp waves. camp is produced by the aggregation stage adenylyl cyclase (aca) and cells lacking aca (aca null) cannot aggregate. temperature-sensitive mutants of aca were selected from a population of aca null cells transformed with a library of aca genes, a major segment of which had been amplified by error-prone pcr. one mutant (tsaca2) that can complement the aggregation null phe ...	2000	10811616
comparison of the pattern of nosocomial infection between the neonatal intensive care units of hospitals kuala terengganu and universiti sains malaysia, kelantan.	nosocomial infection is a common problem in the neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) and a knowledge of the pattern of nosocomial infection will contribute greatly to the intensification of infection control measures and the development of antibiotic policies in the nicu. this study aims to compare the incidence and clinical characteristics of neonates with nosocomial infection in nicu of both kuala terengganu hospital (hkt) and universiti sains malaysia hospital (husm). neonates who had both cli ...	2000	22844213
production of a tem-24 plasmid-mediated extended-spectrum beta-lactamase by a clinical isolate of pseudomonas aeruginosa.	several pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, including one urinary isolate producing an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase tem-24, were isolated from a long-term-hospitalized woman. three tem-24-producing enterobacterial species (enterobacter aerogenes, escherichia coli, and proteus mirabilis) were isolated from the same patient. tem-24 and the resistance markers for aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol, and sulfonamide were encoded by a 180-kb plasmid transferred by conjugation into e. coli hb101.	2000	10602754
role of the tetraheme cytochrome cyma in anaerobic electron transport in cells of shewanella putrefaciens mr-1 with normal levels of menaquinone.	shewanella putrefaciens mr-1 possesses a complex electron transport system which facilitates its ability to use a diverse array of compounds as terminal electron acceptors for anaerobic respiration. a previous report described a mutant strain (cmtn-1) deficient in cyma, a tetraheme cytochrome c. however, the interpretation of the electron transport role of cyma was complicated by the fact that cmtn-1 was also markedly deficient in menaquinones. this report demonstrates that the depressed menaqui ...	2000	10613864
genetics of l-sorbose transport and metabolism in lactobacillus casei.	genes encoding l-sorbose metabolism of lactobacillus casei atcc 393 have been identified on a 6.8-kb chromosomal dna fragment. sequence analysis revealed seven complete genes and a partial open reading frame transcribed as two units. the deduced amino acid sequences of the first transcriptional unit (sorre) showed high similarity to the transcriptional regulator and the l-sorbose-1-phosphate reductase of the sorbose (sor) operon from klebsiella pneumoniae. the other genes are transcribed as one ...	2000	10613875
convenient test for screening metallo-beta-lactamase-producing gram-negative bacteria by using thiol compounds.	a simple disk diffusion test was constructed for detection of imp-1-type metallo-beta-lactamase-producing gram-negative bacteria. two kirby-bauer disks containing ceftazidime (caz) and a filter disk containing a metallo-beta-lactamase inhibitor were used in this test. several imp-1 inhibitors such as thiol compounds including 2-mercaptopropionic acid, heavy metal salts, and edta were evaluated for this test. two caz disks were placed on a mueller-hinton agar plate on which a bacterial suspension ...	2000	10618060
glutamate synthase: identification of the nadph-binding site by site-directed mutagenesis.	to contribute to the understanding of glutamate synthase and of beta subunit-like proteins, which have been detected by sequence analyses, we identified the nadph-binding site out of the two potential adp-binding regions found in the beta subunit. the substitution of an alanyl residue for g298 of the beta subunit of azospirillum brasilense glutamate synthase (the second glycine in the gxgxxa fingerprint of the postulated nadph-binding site) yielded a protein species in which the flavin environme ...	2000	10651638
detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in clinical isolates of enterobacter cloacae and enterobacter aerogenes.	the aim of the present study was to investigate the frequency of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbls) in a consecutive collection of clinical isolates of enterobacter spp. the abilities of various screening methods to detect esbls in enterobacters were simultaneously tested. among the 68 consecutive isolates (56 enterobacter cloacae and 12 enterobacter aerogenes isolates) that were analyzed for beta-lactamase content, 21 (25 and 58%, respectively) possessed transferable esbls with pis of 8. ...	2000	10655342
antibacterial activity of some folklore medicinal plants used by tribals in western ghats of india.	a series of 30 indian folklore medicinal plants used by tribal healers to treat infections, were screened for antibacterial properties at 10 mg/ml concentration by using disc diffusion method against bacillus subtilis, escherichia coli, klebsiella aerogenes, proteus vulgaris, pseudomonas aerogenes and staphylococcus aureus. twenty plant species showed activity against one or more species of bacteria used in this assay; among them the leaf extracts of cassia occidentalis and cassia auriculata exh ...	2000	10661885
colonization of the respiratory tract by a virulent strain of avian escherichia coli requires carriage of a conjugative plasmid.	the e3 strain of e. coli was isolated in an outbreak of respiratory disease in broiler chickens, and experimental aerosol exposure of chickens to this strain induced disease similar to that seen in the field. in order to establish whether the virulent phenotype of this strain was associated with carriage of particular plasmids, four plasmid-cured derivatives, each lacking two or more of the plasmids carried by the wild-type strain, were assessed for virulence. virulence was found to be associate ...	2000	10678971
mixed infection in adult bacterial meningitis.	12 adult patients suffering from bacterial meningitis caused by mixed infection were identified at kaohsiung chang gung memorial hospital over a period of 13 years (1986-1998), and they accounted for 6.5% (12/184) of our culture-proven adult bacterial meningitis. the 12 cases included seven males and five females, aged 17-74 years. six of the 12 cases had community-acquired infections and the other six had nosocomially-acquired infections. ten of the 12 cases had associated underlying diseases, ...	2000	10697784
effects of ph and trace minerals on long-term starvation of leuconostoc mesenteroides.	laboratory experiments have definitively shown that exopolymer-producing bacteria have the potential to modify the flow of fluids in oil reservoirs to enhance oil production. once injected into the reservoir, they will be subjected to a wide range of ph values and to starvation resulting from nutrient depletion. for successful field implementation it is necessary to have a fundamental understanding of these effects on the viability of bacteria. this paper addresses the effects of ph and trace mi ...	2000	10698760
imipenem resistance of enterobacter aerogenes mediated by outer membrane permeability.	multidrug-resistant enterobacter aerogenes strains are increasingly isolated in europe and especially in france. treatment leads to imipenem resistance, because of a lack of porin. we studied the evolution of resistance in 29 strains isolated from four patients during their clinical course. these strains belonged to the prevalent epidemiological type observed in france in previous studies (c. bosi, et al., j. clin. microbiol. 37:2165-2169, 1999; a. davin-regli et al., j. clin. microbiol. 34:1474 ...	2000	10698994
cloning and characterization of the udp-sugar hydrolase gene (usha) of enterobacter aerogenes ifo 12010.	a bacterial alkaline phosphatase (bap, the phoa gene product) is primarily responsible for the hydrolysis of the substrates 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolylphosphate-p-toluidine (xp) and p-nitrophenyl phosphate (pnpp). using these substrates and an e. coli phoa mutant, we have cloned enterobacter aerogenes genes conferring an xp(+) phenotype. two types of clones were identified based on phenotypic tests and dna sequences. one of them is a e. aerogenes phoa gene (xp(+), pnpp(+)) as expected; surprising ...	2000	10708587
studies on nutritional and oxygen requirements for production of l-asparaginase by enterobacter aerogenes.	the carbon and nitrogen sources most suitable for l-asparaginase production by enterobacter aerogenes were selected and their concentrations optimized in shake-flask cultures. sodium citrate (1.0%) and diammonium hydrogen phosphate (0.16%) proved to be the best sources of carbon and nitrogen, respectively. nitrogen catabolite repression of enzyme formation was absent in this bacterium. cultivation in a reactor showed that the dissolved oxygen level is the limiting factor for l-asparaginase produ ...	2000	10709980
antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of feijoa sellowiana fruit.	the present study was designed to evaluate the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of an aqueous extract from the tropical feijoa sellowiana berg. fruit which is widely used for human food. the extract was tested against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria by a broth dilution test and on human whole blood leukocytes, as well as isolated neutrophils using a chemiluminescence (cl) assay. the extract inhibited bacterial growth; pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterobacter aerogenes and enterobact ...	2000	10724024
molecular analysis of polyphosphate accumulation in bacteria.	the dynamic behavior of inorganic polyphosphate (polyp), its accumulation and disappearance, is the most striking aspect of polyp metabolism in bacteria. imbalance between polyp synthesis and degradation results in fluctuations of polyp by 100- to 1000-fold. we here review recent results with respect to this polyp metabolism in bacteria. polyp accumulation in response to amino acid starvation, accompanied by increased levels of stringent factors, has been observed in escherichia coli. inhibition ...	2000	10739472
in vivo and in vitro kinetics of metal transfer by the klebsiella aerogenes urease nickel metallochaperone, uree.	the urease accessory protein encoded by uree from klebsiella aerogenes is proposed to deliver ni(ii) to the urease apoprotein during enzyme activation. native uree possesses a histidine-rich region at its carboxyl terminus that binds several equivalents of ni(2+); however, a truncated form of this protein (h144*uree) binds only 2 ni(2+) per dimer and is functionally active (brayman, t. g., and hausinger, r. p. (1996) j. bacteriol. 178, 5410-5416). the urease activation kinetics were studied in v ...	2000	10753863
a common regulator for the operons encoding the enzymes involved in d-galactarate, d-glucarate, and d-glycerate utilization in escherichia coli.	genes for d-galactarate (gar) and d-glucarate (gud) metabolism in escherichia coli are organized in three transcriptional units: gard, garplrk, and gudpd. two observations suggested a common regulator for the three operons. (i) their expression was triggered by d-galactarate, d-glucarate, and d-glycerate. (ii) metabolism of the three compounds was impaired by a single tn5 insertion mapped in the yaeg gene (proposed name, sdar), outside the d-galactarate and d-glucarate systems. expression of the ...	2000	10762278
identification of the gene encoding sulfopyruvate decarboxylase, an enzyme involved in biosynthesis of coenzyme m.	the products of two adjacent genes in the chromosome of methanococcus jannaschii are similar to the amino and carboxyl halves of phosphonopyruvate decarboxylase, the enzyme that catalyzes the second step of fosfomycin biosynthesis in streptomyces wedmorensis. these two m. jannaschii genes were recombinantly expressed in escherichia coli, and their gene products were tested for the ability to catalyze the decarboxylation of a series of alpha-ketoacids. both subunits are required to form an alpha( ...	2000	10940029
phg1p is a nine-transmembrane protein superfamily member involved in dictyostelium adhesion and phagocytosis.	to identify the molecular mechanisms involved in phagocytosis, we generated random insertion mutants of dictyostelium discoideum and selected two mutants defective for phagocytosis. both represented insertions in the same gene, named phg1. this gene encodes a polytopic membrane protein with an n-terminal lumenal domain and nine potential transmembrane segments. homologous genes can be identified in many species; however, their function is yet to be elucidated. disruption of phg1 caused a selecti ...	2000	10944536
escherichia coli k1 asla contributes to invasion of brain microvascular endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo.	neonatal escherichia coli meningitis remains a devastating disease, with unacceptably high morbidity and mortality despite advances in supportive care measures and bactericidal antibiotics. to further our ability to improve the outcome of affected neonates, a better understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease is necessary. to identify potential bacterial genes which contribute to e. coli invasion of the blood-brain barrier, a cerebrospinal fluid isolate of e. coli k1 was mutagenized with tn ...	2000	10948126
[antibiotic sensitivity of enterobacteria in intensive care units].	antibiotic therapy of intensive care patients is usually undocumented. the treatment is chosen according to epidemiologic and susceptibility data from microbiological laboratories. the aim of our study is to determine antibiotic susceptibility of enterobacteria isolated from intensive care patients during a five-month multicenter study in 18 french hospitals. numerous (n = 1,113) strains were studied: 447 enterobacteria isolated from urine (n = 229), blood cultures (n = 106), respiratory tract s ...	2000	10949846
uree stimulation of gtp-dependent urease activation in the ured-uref-ureg-urease apoprotein complex.	the activation of metal-containing enzymes often requires the participation of accessory proteins whose roles are poorly understood. in the case of klebsiella aerogenes urease, a nickel-containing enzyme, metallocenter assembly requires ured, uref, and ureg acting as a protein chaperone complex and uree serving as a nickel metallochaperone. urease apoprotein within the ured-uref-ureg-urease apoprotein complex is activated to wild-type enzyme activity levels under physiologically relevant conditi ...	2000	11015224
nucleotide sequence of the chromosomal ampc gene of enterobacter aerogenes.	the ampc beta-lactamase gene and a small portion of the regulatory ampr sequence of enterobacter aerogenes 97b were cloned and sequenced. the beta-lactamase had an isoelectric point of 8 and conferred cephalosporin and cephamycin resistance on the host. the sequence of the cloned gene is most closely related to those of the ampc genes of e. cloacae and c. freundii.	2000	11036041
a 1998 survey of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in enterobacteriaceae in france. the french study group.	in a 3-month period in 1998, 79 consecutive isolates of enterobacteriaceae producing an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl) were collected. esbls were predominantly tem derivatives (74 of 79): tem-24-like (40 isolates), tem-3-like (29 isolates), tem-21 (3 isolates), and tem-4 and tem-52 (1 isolate each). four isolates produced shv derivatives shv-4 (three isolates) and shv-5 (one isolate), and one strain produced a ctx-m-3 enzyme. the high proportion of tem-24-like-producing enterobacter aer ...	2000	11036046
[spondylodiscitis caused by enterobacter aerogenes].		2000	11036515
[sensitivity to antibiotics of bacteria from nosocomial infections. evolution in resuscitation services of military hospitals].	the aim of this study, conducted in the french military hospitals, was to monitor the course of the antimicrobial sensibility of bacteria isolated from nosocomial infection in intensive care units.	2000	11045115
succession of pelagic marine bacteria during enrichment: a close look at cultivation-induced shifts.	enrichment experiments with north sea bacterioplankton were performed to test if rapid incubation-induced changes in community structure explain the frequent isolation of members of a few particular bacterial lineages or if readily culturable bacteria are common in the plankton but in a state of dormancy. a metabolic inhibitor of cell division (nalidixic acid [na]) was added to substrate-amended (s+) and unamended (s-) grazer-free seawater samples, and shifts in community composition and per cel ...	2000	11055904
inorganic polyphosphate in vibrio cholerae: genetic, biochemical, and physiologic features.	vibrio cholerae o1, biotype el tor, accumulates inorganic polyphosphate (poly p) principally as large clusters of granules. poly p kinase (ppk), the enzyme that synthesizes poly p from atp, is encoded by the ppk gene, which has been cloned from v. cholerae, overexpressed, and knocked out by insertion-deletion mutagenesis. the predicted amino acid sequence of ppk is 701 residues (81.6 kda), with 64% identity to that of escherichia coli, which it resembles biochemically. as in e. coli, ppk is part ...	2000	11073913
outbreak of nosocomial multidrug-resistant enterobacter aerogenes in a geriatric unit: failure of isolation contact, analysis of risk factors, and use of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.	we describe herein an outbreak of enterobacter aerogenes in a geriatric acute unit with failure of contact isolation that necessitated the temporary closure of the department. we emphasize the need for guidelines for the management of multiresistant bacteria.	2000	11083182
cost-effective and rapid presumptive identification of gram-negative bacilli in routine urine, pus, and stool cultures: evaluation of the use of chromagar orientation medium in conjunction with simple biochemical tests.	the algorithm for a new identification system was designed on the basis of colony color and morphology on chromagar orientation medium in conjunction with simple biochemical tests such as indole (ind), lysine decarboxylase (ldc), and ornithine decarboxylase (odc) utilization tests with gram-negative bacilli isolated from urine samples as well as pus, stool, and other clinical specimens by the following colony characteristics, biochemical reactions, and serological results: pinkish to red, ind po ...	2000	11101600
changing pattern of antimicrobial susceptibility of organisms causing community acquired urinary tract infections.	to assess common organisms causing urinary treat infection (uti) in this community and to see antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of these isolates.	2000	11126812
antibiotic resistance and policy in belgium.	antibiotic resistance is increasing worldwide, also in belgium. a few examples to illustrate this problem: s. pneumoniae are becoming increasingly resistant to penicillin and erythromycin; resistance of s. pyogenes to erythromycin is increasing year-by-year; salmonella and campylobacter are becoming more and more resistant to the fluoroquinolones. in hospitals, the problem of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus appears to be decreasing, but two clones of ceftazidime-resistant enterobacte ...	2000	11144690
isolation and insecticidal effects of some bacteria from euproctis chrysorrhoea l. (lepidoptera: lymantriidae).	in this study, we investigated the bacterial pathogens of euproctis chrysorrhoea and tested for their insecticidal activities. based on colony color and morphology, four isolates were determined. according to morphological, physiological and biochemical characters of the isolates, they were identified as enterobacter aerogenes, lactobacillus sp., bacillus thuringiensis and micrococcus luteus. the insecticidal effects of these bacterial isolates on third-fourth instar larvae of euproctis chrysorr ...	2000	11293654
fluoride inhibition of klebsiella aerogenes urease: mechanistic implications of a pseudo-uncompetitive, slow-binding inhibitor.	klebsiella aerogenes urease uses a dinuclear nickel active site to catalyze the hydrolysis of urea. here, we describe the steady-state and pre-steady-state kinetics of urease inhibition by fluoride. urease is slowly inhibited by fluoride in both the presence and absence of substrate. steady-state rate studies yield parallel double-reciprocal plots; however, we show that fluoride interaction with urease is not compatible with classical uncompetitive inhibition. rather, we propose that fluoride bi ...	2000	10820010
cloning and characterization of the ddc homolog encoding l-2,4-diaminobutyrate decarboxylase in enterobacter aerogenes.	l-2,4-diaminobutyrate decarboxylase (daba dc) catalyzes the formation of 1,3-diaminopropane (dap) from daba. in the present study, the ddc gene encoding daba dc from enterobacter aerogenes atcc 13048 was cloned and characterized. determination of the nucleotide sequence revealed an open reading frame of 1470 bp encoding a 53659-da protein of 490 amino acids, whose deduced nh2-terminal sequence was identical to that of purified daba dc from e. aerogenes. the deduced amino acid sequence was highly ...	2000	10823682
in vitro activity of gemifloxacin against a broad range of recent clinical isolates from the usa.	the antibacterial potencies of gemifloxacin (sb-265805) and 13 comparator compounds were determined by broth microdilution against a panel of 645 gram-positive and 995 gram-negative organisms collected from various usa sites. time-kill studies were performed and postantibiotic effect (pae) was determined for several organisms using trovafloxacin and ciprofloxacin as comparator compounds. based on mic(90)s, gemifloxacin was the most potent compound tested against gram-positive isolates: streptoco ...	2000	10824027
identification and characterization of two chemotactic transducers for inorganic phosphate in pseudomonas aeruginosa.	two chemotactic transducers for inorganic phosphate (p(i)), designated ctph and ctpl, have been identified in pseudomonas aeruginosa. the corresponding genes (ctph and ctpl) were inactivated by inserting kanamycin and tetracycline resistance gene cassettes into the wild-type genes in the p. aeruginosa pao1 genome. computer-assisted capillary assays showed that the ctph single mutant failed to exhibit p(i) taxis when the concentration of p(i) in the capillary was higher than 5 mm. conversely, the ...	2000	10852870
virulence of the phytopathogen pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola is rpon dependent.	we cloned the rpon (ntra and glnf) gene encoding sigma(54) from the phytopathogen pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola strain es4326. the p. syringae es4326 rpon gene complemented pseudomonas aeruginosa, escherichia coli, and klebsiella aerogenes rpon mutants for a variety of rpon mutant phenotypes, including the inability to utilize nitrate as sole nitrogen source. dna sequence analysis of the p. syringae es4326 rpon gene revealed that the deduced amino acid sequence was most similar (86% identi ...	2000	10852883
a novel ctx-m beta-lactamase (ctx-m-8) in cefotaxime-resistant enterobacteriaceae isolated in brazil.	to estimate the diversity of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in brazil, 18 strains from different species of the family enterobacteriaceae exhibiting a positive double-disk synergy test were collected by a clinical laboratory from several hospitals in rio de janeiro, brazil, in 1996 and 1997. four strains (proteus mirabilis, enterobacter cloacae, enterobacter aerogenes, and citrobacter amalonaticus) hybridized with a 550-bp ctx-m probe. the p. mirabilis strain produced a ctx-m-2 enzyme. the e. ...	2000	10858358
role of infection control measures in limiting morbidity associated with multi-resistant organisms in critically ill patients.	a retrospective comparative study was performed to determine the impact of infection control measures (icms) on colonization and infections due to methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa), klebsiella pneumoniae (producing transferable extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, kpesbl), and multi-resistant enterobacter aerogenes (mrea) in intensive care unit patients. infection control measures included surveillance cultures, isolation procedures and mupirocin for mrsa nasal carriage. the number ...	2000	10860687
[a case of emphysematous pyelonephritis improved with conservative therapy--indication for conservative therapy].	a 51-year-old female patient was hospitalized in our department with high fever and left flank pain. laboratory examination showed leukocytosis, increase of c-reactive protein (crp), hyperglycemia and renal insufficiency. enterobacter aerogenes grew out of the cultured urine. the radiograph and computerized tomographic (ct) scan revealed streaky gas in the destroyed left renal parenchyma with perirenal gas. she was diagnosed with left emphysematous pyelonephritis. antibiotics therapy, treatment ...	2000	10876758
culturability and in situ abundance of pelagic bacteria from the north sea.	the culturability of abundant members of the domain bacteria in north sea bacterioplankton was investigated by a combination of various cultivation strategies and cultivation-independent 16s rrna-based techniques. we retrieved 16s rrna gene (rdna) clones from environmental dnas and determined the in situ abundance of different groups and genera by fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish). a culture collection of 145 strains was established by plating on oligotrophic medium. isolates were screen ...	2000	10877804
biosynthesis of pyridoxine: origin of the nitrogen atom of pyridoxine in microorganisms.	the amide nitrogen atom of glutamine was incorporated into pyridoxine in four eukaryotes, emericella nidulans, mucor racemosus, neurospora crassa and saccharomyces cerevisiae, and two prokaryotes, staphylococcus aureus and bacillus subtilis, but not in the following prokaryotes, pseudomonas putida, enterobacter aerogenes and escherichia coli. on the other hand, the nitrogen atom of glutamate was incorporated into pyridoxine in p. putida, e. aerogenes and e. coli, but not in s. aureus and b. subt ...	2000	10885790
photochemical inactivation of bacteria and hiv in buffy-coat-derived platelet concentrates under conditions that preserve in vitro platelet function.	a photochemical process has been tested for the inactivation of viruses and bacteria in buffy-coat derived platelet concentrates (bc pcs).	2000	10895093
role of the yiar and yias genes of escherichia coli in metabolism of endogenously formed l-xylulose.	genes yiap and yiar of the yiaklmnopqrs cluster of escherichia coli are required for the metabolism of the endogenously formed l-xylulose, whereas yias is required for this metabolism only in arad mutants. like arad, yias was shown to have l-ribulose-5-phosphate 4-epimerase activity. similarity of yiar to several 3-epimerases suggested that this protein could catalyze the conversion of l-xylulose-5-phosphate into l-ribulose-5-phosphate, thus completing the pathway between l-xylulose and the gene ...	2000	10913097
kinetic and structural characterization of urease active site variants.	klebsiella aerogenes urease uses a dinuclear nickel active site to catalyze urea hydrolysis at >10(14)-fold the spontaneous rate. to better define the enzyme mechanism, we examined the kinetics and structures for a suite of site-directed variants involving four residues at the active site: his320, his219, asp221, and arg336. compared to wild-type urease, the h320a, h320n, and h320q variants exhibit similar approximately 10(-)(5)-fold deficiencies in rates, modest k(m) changes, and disorders in t ...	2000	10913264
synthesis of novel heterobranched beta-cyclodextrins from 4(2)-o-beta-d-galactosyl-maltose and beta-cyclodextrin by the reverse action of pullulanase, and isolation and characterization of the products.	from the mixture of 4(2)-o-beta-d-galactosyl-maltose (gal-g2) and beta-cyclodextrin (betacd), novel heterobranched betacds, (gal-g2)-betacd and (gal-g2)2-betacds, were synthesized by the reverse action of debranching enzyme. the optimum conditions for the production of (gal-g2)2-betacds were examined. a mixture of (gal-g2)2-betacds was produced in about 4% yield when aerobacter aerogenes pullulanase (64 units per 1 g of gal-g2) was incubated with 1.6 m gal-g2 and 0.16 m betacd at 50 degrees c fo ...	2000	10923794
[nosocomial enterobacter - sepsis in neonatal intensive care unit in pleven].	at the recent years considerably increased the role of enterobacter spp as causes of nosocomial sepsis in different intensive units. it is determined of their possibilities to change quick antibiotic resistance especially to third generation cephalosporins and wide insemination of the environment. during the period from 29.10.1997 to 30.12.1997 in neonatal intensive care unit--pleven have been registered 9 cases of nosocomial sepsis caused by enterobacter aerogenes. the clinic picture run with s ...	2000	11187988
synthesis of novel heterobranched beta-cyclodextrins from alpha-d-mannosylmaltotriose and beta-cyclodextrin by the reverse action of pullulanase, and isolation and characterization of the products.	alpha-d-mannosyl-maltotriose (man-g3) were synthesized from methyl alpha-mannoside and maltotriose by the transfer action of alpha-mannosidase. (man-g3)-betacd and (man-g3)2-betacd were produced in about 20% and 4% yield, respectively when aerobacter aerogenes pullulanase (160 units per 1 g of man-g3) was incubated with the mixture of 1.6 m man-g3 and 0.16 m betacd at 50 degrees c for 4 days. the reaction products, (man-g3)-betacd were separated to three peaks by hplc analysis on a ymc-pack a-32 ...	2000	11193409
tem-24 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing enterobacter aerogenes: long-term clonal dissemination in french hospitals.	to investigate interstrain relatedness of tem-24-producing enterobacter aerogenes clinical strains isolated between 1993 and 1998 in 10 french hospitals from nine areas by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and plasmid patterns.	2000	11168140
antimicrobial activities of ferulago essential oils.	essential oils from ferulago asparagifolia boiss., f. galbanifera (miller) w. koch, f. humilis boiss. (endemic), f. trachycarpa boiss. growing in turkey were evaluated against 15 microorganisms for their antifungal and antibacterial activity using an agar tube dilution and microdilution broth susceptibility assay, respectively. the essential oil compositions were investigated by gc/ms. inhibitory effects against escherichia coli, enterobacter aerogenes, candida albicans, gaeumannomyces graminis ...	2000	11204191
[comparative antibacterial activity of cefotaxime, ceftazidime and cefepime with regard to different strains of enterobacter aerogenes selected for their resistance to third generation cephalosporins].	after being confronted with the isolation in our laboratory of numerous antibiotic-multiresistant enterobacter aerogenes strains, we studied the in vitro antimicrobial activity of cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and cefepime alone or in association with sulbactam. for that, we selected 67 isolates according to their low level of susceptibility to cefotaxime. first, we deduced from a synergy test in presence of clavulanic acid and cloxacillin the production of an extended spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl) ...	2000	11204925
crayfish broth for bacterial culture.	to formulate a new growth medium for bacteriological studies.	2000	12858918
study on highly diastereoselective synthesis of (2'r)-2'-deoxy[2'-2h]guanosine.	to develop an efficient method for the synthesis of a highly diasteroselective (2'r)-2'-deoxy[2'-2h]guanosine (1), studies of organic chemical conversion from 2'-bromo-2'-deoxy-n2-isobutyryl-3',5'-o-tipds-guanosine (2) to 1 and a biological transdeoxyribofuranosylation of (2'r > 98% de)-2'-deoxy[2'-2h]uridine (4) were carried out. as the results, a highly diastereoselective synthesis of 1 was achieved by a biological transdeoxyribofuranosylation between 2,6-diaminopurine and 4 by the use of ente ...	2000	12903250
molecular characterization of global regulatory rna species that control pathogenicity factors in erwinia amylovora and erwinia herbicola pv. gypsophilae.	rsmb(ecc) specifies a nontranslatable rna regulator that controls exoprotein production and pathogenicity in soft rot-causing erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora. this effect of rsmb(ecc) rna is mediated mostly by neutralizing the function of rsma(ecc), an rna-binding protein of e. carotovora subsp. carotovora, which acts as a global negative regulator. to determine the occurrence of functional homologs of rsmb(ecc) in non-soft-rot-causing erwinia species, we cloned the rsmb genes of e. amylovo ...	2001	11222584
specific growth rate plays a critical role in hydrogen peroxide resistance of the marine oligotrophic ultramicrobacterium sphingomonas alaskensis strain rb2256.	the marine oligotrophic ultramicrobacterium sphingomonas alaskensis rb2256 has a physiology that is distinctly different from that of typical copiotrophic marine bacteria, such as vibrio angustum s14. this includes a high level of inherent stress resistance and the absence of starvation-induced stress resistance to hydrogen peroxide. in addition to periods of starvation in the ocean, slow, nutrient-limited growth is likely to be encountered by oligotrophic bacteria for substantial periods of tim ...	2001	11229924
national epidemiologic surveys of enterobacter aerogenes in belgian hospitals from 1996 to 1998.	two national surveys were conducted to describe the incidence and prevalence of enterobacter aerogenes in 21 belgian hospitals in 1996 and 1997 and to characterize the genotypic diversity and the antimicrobial resistance profiles of clinical strains of e. aerogenes isolated from hospitalized patients in belgium in 1997 and 1998. twenty-nine hospitals collected 10 isolates of e. aerogenes, which were typed by arbitrarily primed pcr (ap-pcr) using two primers and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. ...	2001	11230400
antimicrobial activity of honokiol and magnolol isolated from magnolia officinalis.	the antimicrobial activity of honokiol and magnolol, the main constituents of magnolia officinalis was investigated. the antimicrobial activity was assayed by the agar dilution method using brain heart infusion medium and the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) were determined for each compound using a twofold serial dilution assay. the results showed that honokiol and magnolol have a marked antimicrobial effect (mic = 25 microg/ml) against actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas ...	2001	11268114
growth inhibition caused by overexpression of the structural gene for glutamate dehydrogenase (gdha) from klebsiella aerogenes.	two linked mutations affecting glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) formation (gdh-1 and rev-2) had been isolated at a locus near the trp cluster in klebsiella aerogenes. the properties of these two mutations were consistent with those of a locus containing either a regulatory gene or a structural gene. the gdha gene from k. aerogenes was cloned and sequenced, and an insertion mutation was generated and shown to be linked to trp. a region of gdha from a strain bearing gdh-1 was sequenced and shown to h ...	2001	11274137
functional characterisation of urease accessory protein g (ureg) from potato.	the activation of the nickel metalloenzyme urease is a complex process. in bacteria, several urease accessory proteins are essential for incorporation of nickel into the active centre of urease. comparatively little is known about the activation process and the proteins involved in plants. we cloned five different cdnas encoding isoforms of urease accessory protein g (ureg) in potato. the 5'-coding region of these cdnas is highly polymorphic within solanum tuberosum ssp. tuberosum, containing ma ...	2001	11289508
cloning and characterisation of male in burkholderia pseudomallei.	no recombinant protein is available for serodiagnosis or skin test in the diagnosis of melioidosis. this report describes the cloning of the male gene, which encodes an immunogenic protein of burkholderia pseudomallei. bi-directional dna sequencing of male revealed that the gene contained a single open reading frame encoding 416 amino acid residues with a predicted molecular mass of 44.4 kda. blast analysis showed that the putative protein encoded by male is homologous to the maltose-binding pro ...	2001	11289518
evaluation of the contribution of isolation precautions in prevention and control of multi-resistant bacteria in a teaching hospital.	from february 1999 to january 2000, a control programme to prevent the spread multi-resistant bacteria (mrb) was implemented in a french teaching hospital. this programme focused on methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and enterobacteriaceae producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbl), and was based on the application of barrier precautions (washing hands with antiseptic soaps, wearing disposable gloves and gowns, identifying mrb carriers). no changes in antibiotic policy oc ...	2001	11170775
crystallization of full-length cysb of klebsiella aerogenes, a lysr-type transcriptional regulator.	cysb is a positive regulator of transcription of genes involved in cysteine biosynthesis in gram-negative bacteria and belongs to the large family of lysr-type transcriptional regulators. the full-length protein from klebsiella aerogenes has been crystallized from solutions containing peg 8000 in the presence and in the absence of the inducer n-acetylserine by the method of vapour diffusion in hanging drops. for the complexed protein different crystal forms appear in the same drops.	2001	11173473
alternative pathways for siroheme synthesis in klebsiella aerogenes.	siroheme, the cofactor for sulfite and nitrite reductases, is formed by methylation, oxidation, and iron insertion into the tetrapyrrole uroporphyrinogen iii (uro-iii). the cysg protein performs all three steps of siroheme biosynthesis in the enteric bacteria escherichia coli and salmonella enterica. in either taxon, cysg mutants cannot reduce sulfite to sulfide and require a source of sulfide or cysteine for growth. in addition, cysg-mediated methylation of uro-iii is required for de novo synth ...	2001	11114933
methionine-to-cysteine recycling in klebsiella aerogenes.	in the enteric bacteria escherichia coli and salmonella enterica, sulfate is reduced to sulfide and assimilated into the amino acid cysteine; in turn, cysteine provides the sulfur atom for other sulfur-bearing molecules in the cell, including methionine. these organisms cannot use methionine as a sole source of sulfur. here we report that this constraint is not shared by many other enteric bacteria, which can use either cysteine or methionine as the sole source of sulfur. the enteric bacterium k ...	2001	11114934