Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| current issues in the management of paediatric viral hepatitis. | viral hepatitis poses important problems for children. in preschoolers, hepatitis a virus (hav) infection frequently causes acute liver failure. vaccinating toddlers against hav in countries with high endemicity is expected to decrease mortality. hav vaccine demonstrates efficacy (comparable to immunoglobulin) as post-exposure prophylaxis. a recently developed vaccine against hepatitis e virus (hev) may benefit fetal health, because pregnant women are most prone to acute liver failure as a resul ... | 2010 | 19840256 |
| detection of hepatitis e virus of genotype 3 in a farm pig in kinshasa (democratic republic of the congo). | autochthonous hepatitis e is an emerging disease in industrialized countries where a growing body of data indicates that pigs represent a reservoir for hepatitis e virus (hev) of genotype 3 or 4. in africa, only hev genotypes 1 and 2 have been identified in hepatitis e outbreaks as well as in sporadic cases. we aimed to investigate whether commercial pigs in sub-saharan africa might represent an hev reservoir using molecular assays. faecal samples from 40 pigs of the pietrain race housed in a fa ... | 2010 | 19800029 |
| transmission routes and risk factors for autochthonous hepatitis e virus infection in europe: a systematic review. | increasing numbers of non-travel-associated hepatitis e virus (hev) infections have been reported in europe in recent years. our objective was to review the evidence on risk factors and transmission routes of autochthonous hev infection and hepatitis e in europe in order to develop recommendations for future research, prevention and control. a systematic literature review was performed to identify all primary reports and studies published during 1998-2008 on hepatitis e in humans and animals in ... | 2010 | 19804658 |
| combined chloroquine and ribavirin treatment does not prevent death in a hamster model of nipah and hendra virus infection. | hendra virus (hev) and nipah virus (niv) are recently emerged, closely related and highly pathogenic paramyxoviruses that cause severe disease such as encephalitis in animals and humans with fatality rates of up to 75 %. due to their high case fatality rate following human infection and because of the lack of effective vaccines or therapy, they are classified as biosafety level 4 pathogens. a recent study reported that chloroquine, an anti-malarial drug, was effective in preventing niv and hev i ... | 2010 | 19889926 |
| detection of a novel hepatitis e-like virus in faeces of wild rats using a nested broad-spectrum rt-pcr. | hepatitis e is a rare human disease in developed countries. it is caused by hepatitis e virus (hev), which is probably transmitted zoonotically to humans from domestic pigs and wild boars. multiple reports on the detection of hev-specific antibodies in rats have suggested the presence of an hev-related agent; however, infectious virus or a viral genome has not been demonstrated so far. here, a nested broad-spectrum rt-pcr protocol was developed capable of detecting different hev types including ... | 2010 | 19889929 |
| hepatitis e virus infection as a cause of graft hepatitis in liver transplant recipients. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection induces self-limiting liver disease in immunocompetent individuals. cases of chronic hepatitis e have recently been identified in organ transplant recipients. we questioned if chronic hepatitis e plays a role in graft hepatitis after liver transplantation in a low endemic area. two hundred twenty-six liver transplant recipients, 129 nontransplanted patients with chronic liver disease, and 108 healthy controls were tested for hev antibodies. hev rna was investiga ... | 2010 | 19866448 |
| hepatitis e virus-based evaluation of a virion concentration method and detection of enteric viruses in environmental samples by multiplex nested rt-pcr. | the prevalence of enteric viruses in drinking and river water samples collected from pune, india was assessed. during an outbreak of hev in a small town near pune, water samples were screened for enteric viruses. | 2010 | 19878363 |
| the use of bayesian methods for evaluating the performance of a virus-like particles-based elisa for serology of hepatitis e virus infection in swine. | in the absence of commercial kits for serological studies specifically for hepatitis e virus (hev) infection of swine, the capsid protein of a swine genotype 3 hev was expressed using a recombinant baculovirus. this antigen was used in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for detection of anti-hev antibodies. estimation of sensitivity and specificity was carried out in comparison with a commercial serological assay using sera from pigs infected experimentally with hev genotype 3, negativ ... | 2010 | 19879297 |
| concurrent autochthonous acute hepatitis e and hepatitis b reverse seroconversion in an hiv-1-infected patient: one virus may hide another. | 2010 | 19656710 | |
| genotype 3 hepatitis e virus existed among swine groups in 4 geographically far regions in china. | 2010 | 19619963 | |
| hepatitis e virus seroepidemiology and its change during 1 year in primary school students in ankara, turkey. | the hepatitis e virus (hev) is widespread throughout the world. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the time-related change of antibody levels against hepatitis e in primary school children. in this cross sectional study, the samples of 515 students were examined at two times. the mean age of the students was 7(6-13) years. the seroprevalences of anti-hev were 1.7% and 2.1% at the first and second visits respectively. there was no statistically significant differences between anti-hev sero ... | 2010 | 19778297 |
| detection of hepatitis e virus in wild boar (sus scrofa) livers. | the routes of transmission of hepatitis e virus (hev) in industrialised countries are largely unknown, but several studies suggest that hev can be a porcine zoonosis. the aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of hev in the wild boar (sus scrofa) and to determine the genetic relationships between hev sequences recovered from wild boars and from domestic pigs and humans. hev rna was detected by real time reverse transcriptase pcr in 7/285 (2.5%) liver samples from wild boars hun ... | 2010 | 19747861 |
| seroprevalence of igg antibodies to hepatitis e in urban and rural southern india. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is an important cause of sporadic and epidemic hepatitis e infection in northern india. sera, collected from different age groups in rural (n=1144) and urban (n=1135) areas using a probability proportional to size survey, were tested using an elisa for igg antibodies. antibodies increased with age in both populations, but the urban population had higher exposure in all age groups (mann-whitney u test, p<0.001 for all age groups except children <5 years). these results ind ... | 2010 | 19729178 |
| a hepatitis e outbreak caused by a temporary interruption in a municipal water treatment system, baripada, orissa, india, 2004. | in january 2004, we investigated a cluster of acute hepatitis in baripada, orissa, india. between january and march 2004, 538 cases (definition: fever with loss of appetite and jaundice) were reported (attack rate: 263 per 100 000, 5 deaths, case fatality rate: 0.93%). forty-seven of 48 sera were positive for igm antibodies to hepatitis e virus. cases peaked in february 2004 and decreased rapidly, suggesting a common source outbreak. five neighbourhoods supplied by a common water supply were mos ... | 2010 | 19716576 |
| henoch-schönlein purpura triggered by acute hepatitis e virus infection. | 2010 | 19201130 | |
| hepatitis e virus: animal reservoirs and zoonotic risk. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a small, non-enveloped, single-strand, positive-sense rna virus of approximately 7.2kb in size. hev is classified in the family hepeviridae consisting of four recognized major genotypes that infect humans and other animals. genotypes 1 and 2 hev are restricted to humans and often associated with large outbreaks and epidemics in developing countries with poor sanitation conditions, whereas genotypes 3 and 4 hev infect humans, pigs and other animal species and are respon ... | 2010 | 19361937 |
| phylogenetic designation of enterovirus 71 genotypes and subgenotypes using complete genome sequences. | human enterovirus 71 (ev-71) is genotyped for molecular epidemiological investigation mainly using the two structural genes, vp1 and vp4. based on these, ev-71 is divided into three genotypes, a, b and c, and within the genotypes b and c, there are further subgenotypes, b1-b5 and c1-c5. classification using these genes is useful but gives incomplete phylogenetic information. in the present study, the phylogenetic relationships amongst all the known ev-71 and human enterovirus a (hev-a) isolates ... | 2010 | 19465162 |
| epidemiology and risk factors of incident hepatitis e virus infections in rural bangladesh. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis in the world. most of south asia is hev endemic, with frequent seasonal epidemics of hepatitis e and continuous sporadic cases. this author group's epidemiologic work and clinical reports suggest that bangladesh is hev endemic, but there have been few population-based studies of this country's hev burden. the authors calculated hev infection rates, over an 18-month interval between 2003 and 2005, by following a randomly se ... | 2010 | 20801864 |
| intergenotypic chimeric hepatitis e viruses (hevs) with the genotype 4 human hev capsid gene in the backbone of genotype 3 swine hev are infectious in pigs. | genotypes 1 and 2 hepatitis e virus (hev) infect only humans whereas genotypes 3 and 4 hev infect both humans and pigs. to evaluate the mechanism of cross-species hev infection between humans and swine, in this study we constructed five intergenotypic chimeric viruses and tested for their infectivity in vitro and in pigs. we demonstrated that chimeric viruses containing the orf2 capsid gene either alone or in combination with its adjacent 5' junction region (jr) and 3' noncoding region (ncr) fro ... | 2010 | 21195119 |
| evolutionary history and population dynamics of hepatitis e virus. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is an enterically transmitted hepatropic virus. it segregates as four genotypes. all genotypes infect humans while only genotypes 3 and 4 also infect several animal species. it has been suggested that hepatitis e is zoonotic, but no study has analyzed the evolutionary history of hev. we present here an analysis of the evolutionary history of hev. | 2010 | 21203540 |
| [study on the prevalence and genotype of hepatitis e virus among commercial swine population in eastern and southern china.] | objective: to determine the prevalence and genotype of hepatitis e virus (hev) among commercial swine population in eastern and southern china. methods: six hundred specimens of swine bile collected from 5 slaughterhouses in eastern and southern china from 2007 to 2009 were tested for hev rna using nested rt-pcr. pcr products were sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. results: forty-seven out of the 600 samples (7.83%) were positive for hev rna. based on the 150 nt fragment within hev orf2, data ... | 2010 | 21162845 |
| [hepatitis e virus: a new entity]. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a rna enterically transmitted virus that causes large waterborne epidemics of acute hepatitis e in endemic regions (asia and africa). sporadic hepatitis e is an emerging disease in developed countries such as france. the majority of acute hepatitis e in france is indigenous (non travel-associated) and is due to infection with hev genotype 3. diagnosis is made on the presence of specific serum antibodies and on viral rna detection in serum or stools. characteristic path ... | 2010 | 21167429 |
| estimation of the likelihood of fecal-oral hev transmission among pigs. | sources for human hepatitis e virus (hev) infections of genotype 3 are largely unknown. pigs are potential animal reservoirs for hev. intervention at pig farms may be desired when pigs are confirmed as a source for human infections, requiring knowledge about transmission routes. these routes are currently understudied. the current study aims to quantify the likelihood of pig feces in causing new hev infections in pigs due to oral ingestion. we estimated the daily infection risk for pigs by model ... | 2010 | 21175717 |
| [phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis e virus strains isolated from both human and swine in anqing city]. | to determine the genotype and phylogenetic characteristics of hepatitis e virus (hev) strains isolated from the human and swine in anqing city. | 2010 | 21176518 |
| prevalence of hepatitis e virus among swine and humans in two different ethnic communities in indonesia. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in swine and humans in different environments in java and bali, indonesia. the prevalence of anti-hev antibodies in people over 20 years old living in communities in bali was significantly higher than that in java. while 68.8% and 90.0% of swine in bali were anti-hev positive at 1 and 2 months of age, respectively, swine in java were at significantly lower risk of hev infection by the age of 2 months ... | 2010 | 21191625 |
| structure of hepatitis e virion-sized particle reveals an rna-dependent viral assembly pathway. | hepatitis e virus (hev) induces acute hepatitis in humans with a high fatality rate in pregnant women. there is a need for anti-hev research to understand the assembly process of hev native capsid. here, we produced a large virion-sized and a small t=1 capsid by expressing the hev capsid protein in insect cells with and without the n-terminal 111 residues, respectively, for comparative structural analysis. the virion-sized capsid demonstrates a t=3 icosahedral lattice and contains rna fragment i ... | 2010 | 20720013 |
| non-hepatic insults are common acute precipitants in patients with acute on chronic liver failure (aclf). | acute-on-chronic liver failure (aclf) is a newly coined term to describe simultaneous coexistence of two liver conditions, one of them being chronic or long-standing and the other acute or recent. there is limited data on the entity of aclf. this study was performed to review our experience in aclf patients from a tertiary care centre. | 2010 | 20721624 |
| [identification and genetic characteristics of five non-polio enteroviruses (npevs) multiplicated on l20b cell line]. | to identify and describe the genetic characteristics of non-polio enteroviruses (npevs) which could multiplicated on l20b cell line, and discuss the impact to isolation rate of polioviruses. | 2010 | 20726256 |
| efficacy and safety of a recombinant hepatitis e vaccine in healthy adults: a large-scale, randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. | seroprevalence data suggest that a third of the world's population has been infected with the hepatitis e virus. our aim was to assess efficacy and safety of a recombinant hepatitis e vaccine, hev 239 (hecolin; xiamen innovax biotech, xiamen, china) in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. | 2010 | 20728932 |
| hepatitis e vaccine: not a moment too soon. | 2010 | 20728933 | |
| [acute hepatitis, but not a, b, or c: consider e]. | to determine the percentage of hepatitis e virus (hev) infections in serum samples from patients with negative serology for hepatitis a, b and c and to find out what may be the harmful consequences of a missed diagnosis of acute hev infection. | 2010 | 20735873 |
| novel hepatitis e virus genotype in norway rats, germany. | human hepatitis e virus infections may be caused by zoonotic transmission of virus genotypes 3 and 4. to determine whether rodents are a reservoir, we analyzed the complete nucleotide sequence of a hepatitis e-like virus from 2 norway rats in germany. the sequence suggests a separate genotype for this hepatotropic virus. | 2010 | 20735931 |
| analysis of avian hepatitis e virus from chickens, china. | avian hepatitis e virus (hev) has been identified in chickens; however, only 4 complete or near-complete genomic sequences have been reported. we found that the near-complete genomic sequence of avian hev in chickens from china shared the highest identity (98.3%) with avian hev from europe and belonged to avian hev genotype 3. | 2010 | 20735936 |
| pathogenesis of hepatitis e virus and hepatitis c virus in chimpanzees: similarities and differences. | the chimpanzee is the only animal model for investigating the pathogenesis of viral hepatitis types a through e in humans. studies of the host response, including microarray analyses, have relied on the close relationship between these two primate species: chimpanzee samples are commonly tested with human-based reagents. in this study, the host responses to two dissimilar viruses, hepatitis e virus (hev) and hepatitis c virus (hcv), were compared in multiple experimentally infected chimpanzees. ... | 2010 | 20739520 |
| chronic hepatitis e virus infection: successful virologic response to pegylated interferon-alpha therapy. | 2010 | 20547885 | |
| brief communication: case reports of ribavirin treatment for chronic hepatitis e. | there is currently no accepted treatment of chronic hepatitis e virus (hev) infection. | 2010 | 20547886 |
| hepatitis e virus is highly prevalent in the danish pig population. | the objective of this study was to examine the prevalence of hepatitis e virus (hev) in the danish pig population. faecal samples from 97 pigs, 1-5 months of age were analysed for hev rna by a new priproet real time rt-pcr assay. in addition, serum samples from 71 sow herds were screened for the presence of anti-hev igg antibodies by elisa. the genotype of the detected hev positive samples was estimated based on the melting temperature obtained by the priproet real time rt-pcr assay. the hev pre ... | 2010 | 20554125 |
| phylogenetic analysis and subtyping of acute and fulminant strains of hepatitis e virus isolates of north india with reference to disease severity. | hepatitis e is endemic to the indian subcontinent, with a seroprevalence of 4-20%, and more than 25% of acute viral hepatitis is due to hev. the northern parts of india have been experiencing outbreaks and sporadic cases of hev since 1955. in a total of sixteen hev sequences, ten acute viral hepatitis and 6 fulminant hepatic failure cases were analysed. subtypes 1a and 1c of hev are prevalent in north india, with the subtype-1c showing a trend towards fulminancy. | 2010 | 20559669 |
| [prevalence of hepatitis e virus (hev) and risk factors in pig workers and blood donors]. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is the main causative agent of enterically transmitted non-a non-b hepatitis with a self-limiting clinical presentation in humans. the increasing number of non-immigrant cases of hepatitis e and the high prevalence detected in pigs suggested that this species is a reservoir. several studies have been published describing differences in the prevalence of anti-hev antibodies between people exposed and not exposed to pigs, but the risk factors for the acquisition of the viru ... | 2010 | 20570018 |
| [seroepidemiological survey of sheep hepatitis e virus infection in aksu region of xinjiang autonomous]. | four hundreds and ninety sheep sera from seven breeds raised at eight counties and one city of aksu region in xinjiang were tested by elisa for the presence of antibodies against hepatitis e virus (hev), and the positive rate differences were compared based on administrative areas, breeds and age by chi-square test. the result showed that the general positive rate was 28.98% (142/490), the positive rate were 35.44% (28/79), 29.67% (27/91), 20% (4/20), 40% (12/30), 32.5% (26/80), 38% (19/50), 22. ... | 2010 | 20572346 |
| the two faces of hepatitis e virus. | hepatitis e virus (hev) has at least 2 distinct epidemiological profiles: (1) large outbreaks and epidemics in developing countries, usually caused by hev genotype 1, resulting in high morbidity and mortality among pregnant women and young children, and (2) very few symptomatic cases of hev genotype 3, most cases without symptoms or clear source(s) of infection, but frequent seroreactivity in 5%-21% of asymptomatic persons in developed countries. we urge more epidemiological studies and public h ... | 2010 | 20572761 |
| high viral load and deregulation of the progesterone receptor signaling pathway: association with hepatitis e-related poor pregnancy outcome. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is associated with high maternal and fetal mortalities. a prospective study was undertaken to evaluate the role of viral and host factors in hev related pregnancy outcomes. | 2010 | 21145845 |
| analysis of epitopes in the capsid protein of avian hepatitis e virus by using monoclonal antibodies. | avian hepatitis e virus (hev) is related genetically and antigenically to human and swine hevs and capsid protein of avian hev shares approximately 48-49% amino acid sequence identities with those of human and swine hevs. six monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were produced and used to locate different epitopes in the orf2 region of aa 339-570 of avian hev chinese isolate. the results showed that five epitopes were located in the aa 339-414 region and one in the aa 510-515 region. two epitopes located ... | 2010 | 21146559 |
| molecular characterization of enterovirus 71 and coxsackievirus a16 using the 5' untranslated region and vp1 region. | enterovirus 71 (ev71) and coxsackievirus a16 (cva16) are members of the species human enterovirus a, and are both major and independent aetiological agents of hand-foot-and-mouth disease. the human enterovirus (hev) 5' untranslated region (utr) is fundamentally important for efficient virus replication and for virulence, whilst the vp1 region correlates well with antigenic typing by neutralization, and can be used for virus identification and evolutionary studies. a comparison was undertaken of ... | 2010 | 21148280 |
| studies of hepatitis e virus genotypes. | 2010 | 21149996 | |
| molecular analysis of swine hepatitis e virus from north india. | hepatitis e is the main cause of enterically transmitted non-a, non-b hepatitis in developing countries. in the developed countries such as the usa, japan and taiwan, the viruses infecting humans and swine share the same genotype with a high sequence similarity. genotype 1 circulates in humans whereas genotype 4 in pigs in india. the present study was designed to investigate the presence of anti-hev antibodies and hev-rna in swine population from north india, to investigate the genotype prevalen ... | 2010 | 21149998 |
| a single amino acid substitution changes antigenicity of orf2-encoded proteins of hepatitis e virus. | extensive genomic diversity has been observed among hepatitis e virus (hev) strains. however, the implication of the genetic heterogeneity on hev antigenic properties is uncertain. in this study, monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against truncated orf2-encoded proteins (aa452-617, designated p166 proteins) derived from hev strains of burma (genotype 1a, p166bur), pakistan (1b, p166pak) and morocco (1c, p166mor) were raised and used for identification of hev antigenic diversity. six mabs reacted to th ... | 2010 | 21152284 |
| [acute hepatitis secondary to hepatitis e. report of two cases from a population of high socioeconomic level lima]. | we describe two cases with acute hepatitis of patients who live at lima, peru and have a high socio-economic status. the first case, is a 58 years old female with asthenia, jaundice, coluria and pruritus. the physical exam revealed jaundice and laboratory exams revealed transaminasemia (ast= 1754, alt= 2680) and hyperbilirubinemia (total bilirubin= 7.98, direct bilirubin=7.03). furthering serologic tests, revealed a positive test for anti-hepatitis e virus igm and igg. all the symptoms were remi ... | 2010 | 21263764 |
| [biological risk prevention in agriculture and animal breeding: immunization strategies]. | vaccine preventable diseases are, so far, a main focus of public health programmes all over the world since people still die in consequence of dyphteria or tetanus. biological risk is widely represented in agriculture and animal breeding, due to environmental characteristics and to injury typology. moreover, aged people and migrants represent a significant part of the workforce. these two groups are, for instance, more exposed to clostridium tetani infection because not fully immunized. among in ... | 2010 | 21438285 |
| frequency of hev contamination in sewerage waters in pakistan. | enteric viruses, including hepatitis e virus (hev), are able to persist under environmental conditions and may cause public health problems by contaminating natural and drinking water resources. routine procedures for monitoring viruses in water samples have not been established for the water microbiology screening panel. | 2010 | 21252466 |
| risk factors and immune response to hepatitis e viral infection among acute hepatitis patients in assiut, egypt. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is a common cause of acute viral hepatitis (avh) in egypt. we aimed to identify risk factors of hev among acute hepatitis cases, measure hev specific immune response to differentiate between symptomatic and asymptomatic infections. the study included symptomatic acute hepatitis (ah) patients (n = 235) and asymptomatic contacts (n = 200) to hev cases. they completed a lifestyle questionnaire, screened for common hepatotropic viruses. blood and serum samples were ... | 2010 | 22053611 |
| [status of enterovirus infection and molecular identification among healthy children at the areas bordering myanmar, in yunnan province, china.] | objective: to explore the enterovirus infection status among healthy children under 15 years old in the border areas of yunnan province that connecting myanmar. methods: a total of 319 stool samples were collected from healthy children in the 10 entrance ports. enterovirus was isolated from these stool samples and then poliovirus and adenovirus were serotyped by neutralization test using specific anti-sera. all the non-polio enteroviruses (npevs) were identified by partial sequencing of vp1 gene ... | 2010 | 21215081 |
| viral and antibody hev prevalence in swine at slaughterhouse in italy. | hepatitis e is an acute disease of humans caused by a small rna virus, hepatitis e virus (hev). in recent years, an increasing number of autochthonous human infections have been reported in industrialized countries. genotype 3 is the main hev type circulating in swine, and is also reported in sporadic cases of hepatitis e in humans worldwide. to date one serotype has been described. we have conducted a survey to detect antibodies against hev in 48 swine at a slaughterhouse in northern italy, usi ... | 2010 | 21216541 |
| viral hepatitis e outbreak in al-sadr city, baghdad, iraq. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a major cause of acute hepatitis in many developing countries. this study describes an outbreak of hev infection in al-sadr city, baghdad. blood samples obtained from patients with jaundice attending 19 primary health care centres in ai-sadr city during a 6-month period in 2005 were tested for hev. hev (igm) antibodies were detected in 38.1% of 268 patients. the association of hev infection with unacceptable residual chlorine concentrations and/or bacteriologically uns ... | 2010 | 21218735 |
| [epidemiological study on risk factors of hepatitis e in yantai, shandong province.] | objective: to study the prevalent characteristics and risk factors of viral hepatitis e in yantai and the relative for strategy on viral hepatitis e control in the area. methods: data on viral hepatitis e incidence reported by the notifiable infectious disease reporting system in 2005 - 2009 was analyzed. 2028 persons were chosen for hepatitis e virus (hev) antibody detection by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay method. rt-npcr method was applied to obtain the sequence of hev in hev cases. a cas ... | 2010 | 21223678 |
| is there evidence of recent hepatitis e virus infection in english and north welsh blood donors? | the risk of hepatitis e virus (hev) to blood safety remains unknown in england. reports of persistent hev infection with serious disease sequelae indicate that transfusion transmitted hev is not a trivial disease in immunosuppressed patients. materials and | 2010 | 21392024 |
| a population-based seroepidemiological study on hepatitis e virus in iran. | background little is known about hev seroprevalence and its determinants in iran. considering the fact that iran is among the countries in which hev infection is endemic, a large-scale population-based study in this regard is justified. methods this survey was conducted in 2006 in tehran and golestan provinces, iran. stored sera of subjects were tested for serological markers of anti-hev. the baseline data were recorded in structured questionnaires. weighted seroprevalence and weighted logistic ... | 2010 | 25197520 |
| incidence of hepatitis e virus infection in recipients of blood or blood products transfusion. | hepatitis e, generally known to be transmitted faeco-orally, has been shown to have significant transmission by blood borne route. paucity of data on asymptomatic viremia in blood donors and higher incidence of hepatitis e in haemodialysis patients and thalassemics mandate a prospective study of blood recipients to elucidate the exact incidence and natural history of post transfusion hepatitis e. | 2010 | 27408301 |
| a look at the past history of hepatitis e in haiti: should it be a warning sign during the current crisis? | nobody can forget the devastating 7.0magnitude earthquake that struck poverty-stricken haiti, port-au-prince recently on 12 january 2010. at least 75,000 people were killed and hundreds of thousands became homeless; authorities are worried about sanitation and outbreaks of disease in the region. the camps are full of people and there are not even the most basic facilities for any others. humanity obliges us to help them in any possible way. i reviewed the literature about the hepatitis e virus i ... | 2010 | 22308118 |
| factors influencing occurrence of postpartum haemorrhage in pregnant women with hepatitis e infection and deranged coagulation profile. | coagulopathy is an important complication associated with hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in pregnant women. postpartum haemorrhage (pph) remains a serious risk while managing the labour of these women. the aim of this paper is to study the factors influencing the occurrence of pph in pregnant women with hepatitis e infection with coagulopathy. the labours of 38 pregnant women with hepatitis e and deranged coagulation profile were followed. factors that may predict postpartum bleeding complica ... | 2011 | 27579103 |
| 36 prevalence of hepatitis e virus infection among pregnant women in rajasthan. | 2011 | 25755367 | |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis a and e viruses based on the third korea national health and nutrition survey in korea. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of hepatitis a virus (hav) and hepatitis e virus (hev) in korea during 2005. | 2011 | 24159450 |
| pathogenetic elements of hepatitis e and animal models of hev infection. | the pathogenesis of hev infection responsible for liver pathology and clinical disease is not well understood. the main target for the virus is the hepatocyte, where it replicates and is released to bile and gastrointestinal tract. viremia is regularly seen during the virus replication. the exact mechanism of hepatocytic death is uncertain. in experimentally infected non-human primates, the peak of liver lesions, measured by alanine aminotransferase activity elevation, is concordant with the vir ... | 2011 | 21414365 |
| vomiting and wasting disease associated with hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis viruses infection in piglets in jilin, china. | one coronavirus strain was isolated from brain tissues of ten piglets with evident clinical manifestations of vomiting, diarrhea and dyskinesia in jilin province in china. antigenic and genomic characterizations of the virus (isolate phev-jlsp09) were based on multiplex pcr and negative staining electron microscopy and sequence analysis of the hemagglutinin-esterase (he) gene. these piglets were diagnosed with porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (phev).necropsy was performed on the ... | 2011 | 21418610 |
| hepatitis a and e infection in international travellers. | hepatitis a is the most common vaccine-preventable infection in travellers. the incidence of hepatitis a for travellers ranges from 3.0 to 11.0 per 100,000 person-months and the case-fatality rate is as high as 2 per 100,000 in non-immune travellers. hepatitis a vaccine is highly effective in preventing infection, significantly reducing the incidence of hepatitis a in travellers, and an important preventative intervention for the "last-minute" traveller. hepatitis e virus is an important cause o ... | 2011 | 21424252 |
| an unusual cause of elevated liver function tests in an elderly female. | 2011 | 21429790 | |
| clinically silent forms may partly explain the rarity of acute cases of autochthonous genotype 3c hepatitis e infection in france. | 2011 | 21435944 | |
| hepatitis e virus orf2 protein activates the pro-apoptotic gene chop and anti-apoptotic heat shock proteins. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a non-enveloped plus-strand rna virus that causes acute hepatitis. the capsid protein open reading frame 2 (orf2) is known to induce endoplasmic reticulum stress in orf2 expressing cells. | 2011 | 21966512 |
| adaptation of genotype 3 hepatitis e virus in eastern china and inverse correlation with genotype 4 hepatitis e virus. | we studied the distribution and development of hepatitis e virus (hev) genotypes 3 and 4 in pig farms located within the shanghai metropolitan area. a total of 1,487 swine fecal samples were collected from 39 pig farms during 2009-2010. the average incidence rates for genotype 3 and genotype 4 hev were 10.6 and 9.3%, respectively. the frequencies of genotype 3 and genotype 4 hev among the farms were inversely related (r = -0.7423), suggesting that the two genotypes competed within the environmen ... | 2011 | 22156659 |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis e among iranian renal transplant recipients. | renal transplant recipients are known to be susceptible to viral infections, with more severe clinical presentations compared to healthy persons. hepatitis e is generally a self-limited disease, which is caused by hepatitis e virus. recently, hepatitis e has become more important in organ transplant recipients, because of new findings regarding the potential for chronic infections in this patient group. | 2011 | 22140389 |
| optimisation of a triplex real time rt-pcr for detection of hepatitis e virus rna and validation on biological samples. | the aim of this study was to optimise a two-tube reverse transcription triplex quantitative real time pcr (qrt-pcr) combining amplification of two loci with an internal amplification control (iac) for detection and quantitation of hepatitis e virus (hev) rna and to validate its performance on a pool of biological samples. optimisation was performed on serially diluted "home-made" rna standards. the limit of detection was determined experimentally as 10copies/μl of the rna standard for both ampli ... | 2011 | 22207081 |
| rna interference induces effective inhibition of mrna accumulation and protein expression of shev orf3 gene in vitro. | rna interference (rnai) provides a powerful promising approach to inhibit viral infection specifically. to explore the possibility of using rnai as a strategy against hev infection, which is a serious public health problem in developing countries of asia, middle east, africa, and in mexico, after the fusion protein expression plasmids pegfp-orf3 which contain the egfp reporter gene and shev orf3 as silencing target, were constructed; egfp-orf3 fusion protein expressing hek 293 cell lines were es ... | 2011 | 21225263 |
| [autochthonous hepatitis e-virus infection as cause of acute hepatitis in germany - a case report]. | there is an increasing body of evidence that hepatitis e virus (hev) triggers acute hepatitis not only in tropical and subtropical regions of asia, africa, and america with low sanitary standards but also in highly industrialized countries. we here report on two patients from thuringia (germany) with a hev infection without a recent stay abroad. all other common causes of hepatitis were excluded. transaminases were significantly increased in both cases, while icterus could be proven in one patie ... | 2011 | 21225537 |
| analysis of the full-length genome of a hepatitis e virus isolate obtained from a wild boar in japan that is classifiable into a novel genotype. | while performing a nationwide survey of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection among 450 wild boars (sus scrofa leucomystax) that had been captured in japan between november 2005 and march 2010, we found 16 boars (3.6%) with ongoing hev infection: 11 had genotype 3 hev, four had genotype 4 hev and the remaining boar was infected with hev of an unrecognized genotype (designated wbjoy_06). the entire wbjoy_06 genome was sequenced and was found to comprise 7246 nt excluding the poly(a) tail. the wbjoy_0 ... | 2011 | 21228128 |
| the serological prevalence and genetic diversity of hepatitis e virus in farmed rabbits in china. | we identified and characterized a novel virus, designated rabbit hepatitis e virus (hev), in rex rabbits farmed in china. rabbit hev is genetically related to but distinct from other known mammalian hevs and avian hev and may represent a novel genotype. to evaluate the spread and genetic variation of rabbit hev, a total of 1094 serum samples were collected from various breeds of rabbits across ten counties in china. all sera were screened for the presence of anti-hev antibody, hev antigen and vi ... | 2011 | 21232633 |
| viral hepatitis in solid organ transplantation other than liver. | transplantation is the best treatment for end-stage organ failure. hepatitis virus infections, mainly hepatitis b virus (hbv) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) infections still constitute a major problem because they are common in allograft recipients and are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality after transplantation. recently, hepatitis e virus infection has been added as an emergent cause of chronic hepatitis in organ transplantation. the prevalence of hbv and hcv infections has markedly d ... | 2011 | 21241754 |
| the use of bovine serum albumin to improve the rt-qpcr detection of foodborne viruses rinsed from vegetable surfaces. | to demonstrate that produce rinsates used for rt-qpcr detection of foodborne viruses may cause significant pcr inhibition and propose a means to reduce its impact on sensitivity. | 2011 | 21219370 |
| enteric viruses in new zealand drinking-water sources. | this study determined whether human pathogenic viruses are present in two new zealand surface waters that are used as drinking-water sources. enteric viruses were concentrated using hollow-fibre ultrafiltration and detected using pcr for adenovirus (adv), and reverse transcription pcr for norovirus (nov) genogroups i-iii, enterovirus, rotavirus (rov) and hepatitis e virus (hev). target viruses were detected in 106/109 (97%) samples, with 67/109 (61%) samples positive for three or more viral type ... | 2011 | 21866776 |
| Rapid virological diagnosis of central nervous system infections by use of a multiplex reverse transcription-PCR DNA microarray. | Viruses are the main etiological cause of central nervous system (CNS) infections. A rapid molecular diagnosis is recommended to improve the therapeutic management of patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performances of a DNA microarray, the Clart Entherpex kit (Genomica, Coslada, Spain), allowing the rapid and simultaneous detection of 9 DNA and RNA neurotropic viruses: herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), HSV-2, varicella-zoster virus (VZV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus ... | 2011 | 21918017 |
| Transfusion-transmitted hepatitis E: Is screening warranted? | Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an emerging infectious threat to blood safety. In recent years, there have been a number of publications delineating this threat by providing evidence of the transmissibility of this virus through transfusions. The extent of transmission and its clinical relevance are issues under debate at present. HEV usually causes a self-limiting illness which subsides in a few weeks barring a few cases where fulminant hepatic failure occurs. The virus poses a risk of higher morbid ... | 2011 | 22120793 |
| A naturally-occurring human/hepatitis E recombinant virus predominates in serum but not in feces of a chronic hepatitis E patient and has a growth advantage in cell culture. | Summary. Hepatitis E virus is the etiological agent of acute hepatitis E, a self-limiting disease prevalent in developing countries. Molecular analysis of viral genomic RNA from a chronically-infected patient confirmed the recent discovery that chronic infection correlated with extensive diversification of the virus quasispecies: the hypervariable region of some virus genomes in this USA patient contained large continuous deletions and a minor portion of genomes in feces and serum had acquired a ... | 2011 | 22113007 |
| Hepatitis E: are psychiatric patients on special risk? | Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is largely confined to travelers returning from endemic areas, but the number of autochthonous cases of acute HEV infections in developed countries is increasing. Reservoirs for HEV are surface water, wild boar meat, and raw or undercooked pork meat. Usually, hepatitis E is a self-limiting disease presenting with acute hepatitis as a major clinical symptom. The seroprevalence of anti-HEV-IgG was investigated in 833 serum samples routinely collected from patients admitted ... | 2011 | 22006172 |
| restricted enzooticity of hepatitis e virus genotypes 1 to 4 in the united states. | hepatitis e is recognized as a zoonosis, and swine are known reservoirs, but how broadly enzootic its causative agent, hepatitis e virus (hev), is remains controversial. to determine the prevalence of hev infection in animals, a serological assay with capability to detect anti-hev-antibody across a wide variety of animal species was devised. recombinant antigens comprising truncated capsid proteins generated from hev-subgenomic constructs that represent all four viral genotypes were used to capt ... | 2011 | 21998412 |
| fatal course of an autochthonous hepatitis e virus infection in a patient with leukemia in germany. | an acute infection with hepatitis e virus (hev) genotype 3 subtype c was diagnosed in a patient with chronic lymphatic b-cell leukemia 6 weeks after the infusion of donor lymphocytes. despite intensive care the patient died 39 days after admission due to pericardial effusion that was related to acute liver failure. we suggest that diagnostic procedures for detection of hev infection should be seriously considered for the immunocompromised patient with elevated liver enzymes in the absence of a t ... | 2011 | 22086667 |
| [Molecular typing of enteroviruses from healthy children in the border areas of Yunnan Province and Myanmar and the genetic characteristics of ECHO7 and ECHO13 in 2009]. | To explore the enteroviruses surveillance among healthy children under 15 years old in the border areas of Yunnan Province and Myanmar in 2009. The stool samples were collected from the healthy children under 15 years old who came from the border areas of Myanmar and Yunnan Province, virus isolation and sequencing were conducted for all the 271 samples. 6 strains of polioviruses (PVs) were detected from 271 stools with an isolation rate of 2.8%, which belonged to vaccine strains and 24 non-polio ... | 2011 | 21874903 |
| hepatitis e: an emerging infectious disease in germany? | increased frequencies of hev infections have been reported in several industrialized countries. we suggest that this finding might be explained by a better awareness of the disease and not by an increased incidence. although reported hev infections increased more than 6-fold in germany in recent years, the seroprevalence remained unchanged (2 %). | 2011 | 21887661 |
| identifying hendra virus diversity in pteropid bats. | hendra virus (hev) causes a zoonotic disease with high mortality that is transmitted to humans from bats of the genus pteropus (flying foxes) via an intermediary equine host. factors promoting spillover from bats to horses are uncertain at this time, but plausibly encompass host and/or agent and/or environmental factors. there is a lack of hev sequence information derived from the natural bat host, as previously sequences have only been obtained from horses or humans following spillover events. ... | 2011 | 21980413 |
| Seroprevalence of subclinical HEV infection in asymptomatic, apparently healthy, pregnant women in Dakahlya Governorate, Egypt. | Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major public health problem in the developing countries. HEV infection in pregnant women is more common and fatal in the third trimester. The present study was designed to determine the seroprevalence of subclinical HEV infection in asymptomatic pregnant women. | 2011 | 21897591 |
| Molecular detection and sequence analysis of hepatitis E virus in patients with viral hepatitis from North India. | Viral hepatitis is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in developing countries. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is responsible for both sporadic and epidemic outbreaks of viral hepatitis in India. Here a total of 843 samples were collected: 685 from patients with acute viral hepatitis (AVH), 70 from patients with fulminant hepatic failure (FHF), 53 from patients with chronic liver disease (CLD), 11 from patients with antituberculosis therapy (ATT)-induced jaundice, and 24 from pregnant women. When ... | 2011 | 21868185 |
| Epidemiology of Hepatitis E Virus in Indoor-Captive Cynomolgus Monkey Colony. | A serological survey of hepatitis E virus (HEV) antibody was conducted using 202 adult captive cynomolgus monkeys, who did not show any clinical signs of acute hepatitis. Out of these, 44 monkeys were sero-positive for anti-HEV IgG and all monkeys were negative for anti-HEV IgM. All positive monkeys came from either Vietnam or China, but none from the Philippines, Indonesia, or our facility. Selected 12 monkeys out of positive monkeys from Vietnum, including 9 positive and 3 negative, revealed m ... | 2011 | 21997233 |
| hepatitis e in three immunocompromized children in southeastern france. | hepatitis e virus (hev) causes an emerging autochthonous disease in developed countries where links with a viral porcine reservoir have been evidenced. moreover, chronic hev infection and associated-cirrhosis have been described in severely immunocompromized patients. nonetheless, only few studies have focused on pediatric hev infections worldwide and only four autochthonous cases have been reported in children in developed countries. we describe here acute hepatitis e in three immunocompromized ... | 2011 | 22177988 |
| [Role of hepatitis A and E viruses in the development of autoimmune diseases]. | The mechanisms of development of autoimmune diseases may be associated with a complex of genetic, immune, hormonal, and infectious factors. Autoimmune diseases include a wide range of systemic and organ-specific diseases, including autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). It is currently assumed that the pathogenesis of AIH is due to compromised immune regulation in the presence of an exogenous triggering factor. Exogenous factors, such as viruses, may be triggers of AIH. There may be different ways of initi ... | 2011 | 21899066 |
| genotype 3 diversity and quantification of hepatitis e virus rna. | genotype 3 hepatitis e viruses (hev) are distributed across the world and are now considered to be an emerging public health concern in industrialized countries. at least 10 genotype 3 subtypes have been identified in humans and animals worldwide. it was recently reported that the sensitivities of hev rna assays differ greatly. we have assessed the influence of genotype 3 diversity on the performance of two hev rna assays: one targeting the orf3 gene and the other targeting the orf2 gene. we tes ... | 2011 | 22205792 |
| Treatment of chronic hepatitis E in a patient with HIV infection. | BACKGROUND: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections in immunosuppressed patients can result in chronic hepatitis that rapidly progresses to cirrhosis (1, 2). When immunosuppressed transplant recipients are treated with pegylated -interferon and ribavirin, HEV clears and liver histology improves (2). However, we are not aware of reports about how this therapy works in patients with HIV infection. OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical and laboratory response to antiviral therapy for chronic HEV infection ... | 2011 | 21969351 |
| Identification of genotype 4 Hepatitis E virus binding proteins on swine liver cells. | Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a zoonotic pathogen of which several species of animal were reported as reservoirs. Swine stands out as the major reservoir for HEV infection in humans, as suggested by the close genetic relationship of swine and human virus and cross-species infection of HEV. Up to now, the mechanism of cross-species infection of HEV from swine to humans is still unclear. This study sought to identify receptor element for genotype 4 HEV on swine liver cells using the viral overlay pro ... | 2011 | 22029540 |
| Close similarity between sequences of hepatitis E virus recovered from humans and swine, France, 2008-2009. | Frequent zoonotic transmission of hepatitis E virus (HEV) has been suspected, but data supporting the animal origin of autochthonous cases are still sparse. We assessed the genetic identity of HEV strains found in humans and swine during an 18-month period in France. HEV sequences identified in patients with autochthonous hepatitis E infection (n = 106) were compared with sequences amplified from swine livers collected in slaughterhouses (n = 43). Phylogenetic analysis showed the same proportion ... | 2011 | 22099089 |
| chronic hepatitis e infection in children with liver transplantation. | objectivechronic hepatitis e virus (hev) infection has been described in immunosuppressed adult patients. a study was undertaken to establish the presence of hev infection in children after orthotopic liver transplantation (olt).methodschildren undergoing liver transplantation between 1992 and 2010 with available serum were classified into two groups: group 1 (control group, n=66) with normal serum aminotransferases and group 2 (n=14) with persistently increased serum aminotransferases and histo ... | 2011 | 22115826 |
| suppression of alpha interferon signaling by hepatitis e virus. | the interferon (ifn) system is integral to the host response against viruses to which many viruses have developed strategies to overcome its antiviral effects. the effects of hepatitis e virus (hev), the causative agent of hepatitis e, on ifn signaling have not been investigated primarily because of the non-availability of an efficient in vitro culture system or small animal models of infection. herein, we report the generation of a549 cell lines persistently infected with genotype 3 hev, design ... | 2011 | 22183878 |
| Characterization of self-assembled virus-like particles of rat hepatitis E virus generated by recombinant baculoviruses. | Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a causative agent of hepatitis E. Recently, a novel hepatitis E-like virus was isolated from Norway rats in Germany. However, the antigenicity, pathogenicity and epidemiology of this virus are unclear because of the lack of a cell-culture system in which to grow it. In this study, an N-terminally truncated ORF2 protein was expressed in insect Tn5 cells using a recombinant baculovirus expression system and a large amount of 53 kDa protein was expressed and efficiently r ... | 2011 | 21865442 |
| no reactivation of hepatitis e virus after kidney retransplantation. | 2011 | 22070620 |