Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| detection of transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus antigens by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. | a new sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, was developed to detect transmissible gastroenteritis virus antigens from cell culture and from intestinal wash or feces obtained from experimentally infected pigs. this technique was shown to be suitable for the detection of virulent field strain unadapted to cell culture. cross reactions had not been observed with other enteric pathogens, rotavirus, porcine epizootic diarrhea virus, and escherichia co ... | 1986 | 3024536 |
| [hospital infection caused by rotaviruses in infants, santiago, chile]. | 1986 | 3024660 | |
| [a study on the rotavirus antibody in the normal human sera using elisa]. | 1986 | 3024842 | |
| an ion-exchange capture technique for routine identification of faecal viruses by electron microscopy. | faecal specimens from 520 patients with non-bacterial, gastroenteritis were examined by electron microscopy using four methods. these were (1) a direct dip method, (2) low-speed centrifugation, (3) ultracentrifugation and (4) a calcium phosphate method. the calcium phosphate method combined with low-speed centrifugation (750 x g, 2,100 x g) was considered overall best. the calcium phosphate method makes it possible to handle a large number of faecal specimens by saving considerable time and labo ... | 1986 | 3025238 |
| comparison of three tests for the detection of rotavirus in feces with standard elisa. | 1986 | 3025286 | |
| kinetics, tissue specificity and pathological changes in murine rotavirus infection of mice. | mice that did not contain antibodies to rotavirus were orally infected with murine rotavirus (edim strain) and observed over 7 days. as judged by elisa, only the small intestine was infected, not the colon. the infection was biphasic, viral antigen peaks being observed at 48 h and approximately 120 h post-infection. clinically evident diarrhoea was maximal at 72 h. virus in the upper, middle and lower regions of the small intestine was mainly tissue-associated; most virus was found in the middle ... | 1986 | 3025343 |
| rotavirus fecal iga antibody response in adults challenged with human rotavirus. | our studies of rotavirus challenge in adult volunteers enabled us to evaluate the relationship of pre-existing antirotavirus fecal iga antibody to infection and illness and to investigate the local response to this infection. no relationship could be found between the pre-existing levels of fecal antirotavirus iga antibody and protection from infection or illness. a greater than six-fold increase in the level of antibody was seen in 16/19 infected volunteers with determinable increases but in 0/ ... | 1986 | 3025350 |
| [comparative study of the effectiveness of immunoelectron microscopic methods for detecting rotaviruses and the hepatitis a virus]. | different variants of immune electron microscopy method used for the detection of rotaviruses and hepatitis a virus in specimens from patients were compared. immune electron microscopy using filtration into agar was shown to be the optimal method for diagnosis of such prevalent infections as rotavirus gastroenteritis and viral hepatitis a. | 1986 | 3026094 |
| [use of the agar diffusion precipitation method for detecting rotavirus antigen]. | the possibility of rotavirus detection in feces of patients with acute enteric diseases by the agar gel diffusion (agd) test was studied. the effectiveness of this method was compared with that of the standard method, direct electron microscopy. both methods showed good correlation of the results, but the agd test is methodically much simpler which recommends it for diagnosis of rotavirus infection. rotavirus-specific hyperimmune calf serum may by used as a serological diagnostic preparation for ... | 1986 | 3026098 |
| combined vaccination with live oral polio vaccine and the bovine rotavirus rit 4237 strain. | a clinical trial was carried out in 3-month-old infants to assess whether concomitant oral administration of live polio and rotavirus rit 4237 vaccines would reduce their immunogenicities as a result of mutual interference. one hundred and sixty breast-fed male and female infants were randomly allocated to four study groups to receive in a blind fashion the poliovirus vaccine, the rit 4237 vaccine, a combination of both vaccines or a placebo preparation. antibody titres were measured in pre- and ... | 1986 | 3026106 |
| [viral etiology of diarrheal diseases in madagascan children]. | our study included a total of 318 diarrheic stools and 52 normal stools collected from out-patients with acute diarrhea at welfare center and children admitted at antananarivo city children's hospital, or control free of infectious disease during 8 months period. enzyme linked immunosorbant assay and tissue cultures revealed the presence of 152 viral particles (47%) from children with diarrhea and 29 viral particles (55%) from control children. positive cases were distributed according age, sex, ... | 1986 | 3026265 |
| [incidence of rotavirus infections in children with diarrhea in the majunga region]. | rotavirus were detected by enzyme immuno assay method in 36 p. 100 of faecal specimens from 80 children with acute diarrhoea and in 8 p. 100 of 80 controls, over a period of three months in majunga area. the incidence of rotavirus was studied according to age group, sex, nutritional status, and clinical aspects. | 1986 | 3026266 |
| prevalence of antibodies to sendai virus and rotavirus in laboratory rabbits. | one hundred and sixty rabbit sera from 10 breeding colonies and 13 laboratory colonies were tested for antibodies to sendai virus and rotavirus by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). antibodies were detected to sendai virus in 53% and to rotavirus in 81%, indicating the prevalence of these viral infections in laboratory rabbit colonies. | 1986 | 3026816 |
| electropherotyping of human rotaviruses: an epidemiological survey of rotavirus infections in sicily. | an electrophoretic analysis of rotavirus rna segments was carried out on 522 faecal specimens, obtained from children hospitalized in sicily in the period 1981/85. one hundred and one viral isolates could be characterized with respect to the electrophoretic pattern of their genomic rnas. this analysis revealed that in 1981/82 different electropherotypes cocirculated in the infant population. in 1983 one of the patterns became prevalent; in 1984/85 only one electropherotype was detected, both in ... | 1986 | 3021522 |
| epidemiologic and genomic study of rotavirus strains infecting young children and calves in the same rural environment. | the epidemiological profile of rotavirus infection in young calves and young children form the same rural environment in france was studied during autumn-winter 1983-1984. viruses were isolated from calves on each farm and were identified by their electropherotype for 8 out of the 9 farms under study. among 13 children regularly checked on 9 farms for 25 weeks, 7 were found to be rotavirus positive. nevertheless, no transfer of virus between child and bovine was documented by the electropherotyp ... | 1986 | 3021523 |
| diarrhea: the nemesis of the artificially reared, early weaned piglet and a strategy for defense. | rearing early weaned piglets artificially for the purpose of increasing the efficiency of the sow is an attractive management concept. however, high death losses resulting from diarrhea in artificially reared piglets have dampered enthusiasm for early weaning. enterotoxigenic escherichia coli, transmissible gastroenteritis virus and rotavirus are the three main enteropathogens responsible for causing the diarrhea. the enteropathogens infect the small intestine, which produces a secretory or mala ... | 1986 | 3021707 |
| antibody against adult diarrhoea rotavirus among healthy adult population in china. | this paper deals with a method of using unknown serum as the first antibody to coat wells of the microtiter plate directly in application of the sandwich elisa method with double antibodies for the assay of the antibody against adult diarrhoea rotavirus. this method was used for assay of the antibody against adult rotavirus in 1,380 sera of healthy adults obtained from some provinces and cities of china, of which 141 showed a positive result with a total positive rate of 10.2%. the infection rat ... | 1986 | 3021802 |
| single gene substitution rotavirus reassortants containing the major neutralization protein (vp7) of human rotavirus serotype 4. | a series of reassortants was isolated from coinfection of cell cultures with wild-type bovine rotavirus (uk strain [serotype 6]) or rhesus rotavirus (strain mmu18006 [serotype 3]) and a tissue culture-adapted human rotavirus strain, st3 (serotype 4). monospecific antiserum or a set of monoclonal antibodies to the major outer capsid neutralization glycoprotein, vp7, of the animal rotavirus parent was used to select for reassortants with human rotavirus serotype 4 neutralization specificity. the m ... | 1986 | 3021814 |
| human rotavirus studies in volunteers: determination of infectious dose and serological response to infection. | an unpassaged, safety-tested strain (cjn) of human rotavirus from a stool specimen of a hospitalized child was administered orally to 62 adult volunteers for determination of the dose required to produce infection with or without illness. subjects ingested doses ranging from 9 x 10(-3) to 9 x 10(4) focus-forming units in buffered salt solution after consumption of 50 ml of 4% nahco3. the amount of virus in the inoculum required to cause infection (shedding of virus, seroconversion, or both) in s ... | 1986 | 3021869 |
| epidemiology of rotavirus gastroenteritis. | 1986 | 3021890 | |
| reassortant rotaviruses containing structural proteins vp3 and vp7 from different parents induce antibodies protective against each parental serotype. | genetic studies of reassortant rotaviruses have demonstrated that gene segments 4 and 9 each segregate with the serotype-specific neutralization phenotype in vitro. reassortant rotaviruses derived by coinfection of ma-104 cells with the simian strain sa11 and the antigenically distinct bovine strain ncdv were used to determine which viral genes coded for proteins which induced a protective immune response in vivo. in addition, reassortant rotaviruses containing only the gene segment 4 or 9 prote ... | 1986 | 3021983 |
| role of the inner protein capsid on in vitro human rotavirus transcription. | the inner protein shell of human rotavirus consists of a single polypeptide called vp6 which was removed from the single-shelled virus by treatment with cacl2, leaving the viral core. the core thus obtained was unable to transcribe. however, the addition of a supernatant containing vp6 in the absence of ca2+ restored the transcriptional activity. vp6 obtained from different electropherotypes and serotypes was able to restore transcriptional activity to homologous and heterologous cores. viral co ... | 1986 | 3022013 |
| viral childhood gastroenteritis. | viruses were detected in 150 hospitalized subjects with gastroenteritis during the years 1983-1984. the samples were collected on admission in the day care unit and after three and seven days. the research was carried out using electron microscopy (e.m.) and isolation in cell cultures in vitro. faecal samples were also collected from 70 control subjects. observed and/or isolated viruses were identified by structural features at e.m. and by typical cytopathic effects in cultures. rotavirus and no ... | 1986 | 3022113 |
| incidence of group a and atypical rotaviruses in brazilian pig herds. | the incidence of rotaviruses as a gastroenteritis causal agent in piglets was studied in 19 pig herds of sao paulo state, brazil, during 1985. from 302 diarrhoea samples collected during january (summer), 65 were positive for rotavirus when analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page). sixty-two of these samples belonged to the classical group a rotavirus, three to atypical rotaviruses (elisa negative and probably group b) and one elicited a ... | 1986 | 3022362 |
| [a simple method for detection of rotaviruses in feces]. | 1986 | 3022418 | |
| the effect of trypsin on the growth and infectivity of human rotavirus. | the effect of trypsin on the infectivity of human rotavirus (hrv) was examined using hrv strains that are cultivable only when treated with trypsin. their infectivity in cell culture systems was enhanced in relation to enzyme concentration. the primary effect of trypsin appeared to be on the virus. trypsin untreated hrv virions were capable of being adsorbed on the cell (ma104) but not of passing into it without trypsin. for multiple cycles of replication the presence of trypsin in the maintenan ... | 1986 | 3022422 |
| detection of transmissible gastroenteritis virus in feces from pigs by reversed passive hemagglutination. | a reversed passive hemagglutination (rpha) method was developed for the detection of transmissible gastroenteritis (tge) virus in the fecal specimens from pigs. ovine erythrocytes fixed with glutaraldehyde and treated with tannic acid were coated with anti-tge virus swine antibodies, which were purified by affinity chromatographic technique linked with purified tge virus. the rpha test was done by the microtiter method. erythrocytes coated with purified specific antibodies were agglutinated by t ... | 1986 | 3022621 |
| comparison of four commercial assays for detection of rotavirus in childhood gastroenteritis. | 1986 | 3023075 | |
| chemical disinfection of human rotaviruses: efficacy of commercially-available products in suspension tests. | suspension tests were conducted on 69 commercial and 7 non-commercial disinfectant formulations to determine which classes of chemicals were most active against human rotavirus (hrv). virus samples, in the presence of varying levels of organic matter, were exposed to the disinfectants for 1 min. the levels of remaining infectious virus were determined by plaque assay. products were rated by their ability to reduce the levels of infectious virus by more than 3 log10 in the presence or absence of ... | 1986 | 3016081 |
| chemical disinfection of human rotavirus-contaminated inanimate surfaces. | fomites may play a role in the transmission of rotavirus infections, and in view of this, 27 disinfectants were evaluated for their ability to inactivate human rotavirus (hrv) on contaminated non-porous inanimate surfaces. disks of stainless steel, glass and two types of plastics were contaminated with about 10(7) plaque-forming units of hrv suspended in faecal matter. the inoculum was allowed to dry and an equal volume of the product under test was applied to the contaminated surface. after con ... | 1986 | 3016082 |
| antigenic characterization and elisa detection of adult diarrhea rotaviruses. | recently, severe epidemics of diarrhea among both adults and children in china have been associated with an agent called adult diarrhea rotavirus (adrv). we have studied adrv from two areas of china (jinzhou and guangxi) and compared them with prototype group a, b, and c rotaviruses. the viral genomes were compared by electrophoresis of the rna genome segments in polyacrylamide gels, and the antigenic relatedness of these viruses was examined by immune electron microscopic studies using virus pr ... | 1986 | 3016112 |
| the structure of the rotavirus inner capsid studied by electron microscopy of chemically disrupted particles. | the inner capsid structure of the osu strain of porcine rotavirus was studied by electron microscopy of freeze-dried preparations and of negatively stained chemically disrupted virus particles. the analysis of the particles by the freeze-drying technique revealed a t:13 l (laevo) symmetry for the organization of the inner capsid. treatment of single-capsid rotavirus particles with 30% formamide or 5 m-urea resulted in their degradation, giving rise to very similar products, corresponding to isol ... | 1986 | 3016160 |
| clinical associations of norwalk-like virus in the stools of children. | from among 1,360 stool specimens examined during the 19-month period from march 1982 to september 1983, small round-structured viruses, morphologically indistinguishable from the norwalk agent, were detected by electron microscopy in 42 specimens from 28 children. diarrhoea was mild, and vomiting, although frequently observed, was not an invariable feature. mild pyrexia occurred in three patients. many cases occurred some time after admission to the ward; this and other features suggested a hosp ... | 1986 | 3016227 |
| serological characterization of human reassortant rotaviruses. | we analyzed the serological properties of two human wild-type cell culture-adapted rotaviruses (strains 308 and 46) and of 308 x 46 reassortants which were previously obtained and genetically characterized. strain 308, exhibiting a so-called long rna pattern, was found to belong to human rotavirus subgroup ii, serotype 1, whereas strain 46, exhibiting a so-called short rna pattern, represented subgroup i, serotype 2. among the 308 x 46 reassortants we analyzed, two belonged to subgroup ii, serot ... | 1986 | 3016313 |
| comparative studies on morphogenesis of human, simian and bovine rotavirus in cell culture. | regardless of different host cells and trypsin addition to inoculum, three rotavirus strains (human rotavirus strain wa, sa 11 virus, bovine rotavirus) displayed the same features in adsorption, endocytosis at 30 min p.i. and the following steps of morphogenesis. the first progeny virus was regularly observed in the rer cisternae at 5 h p.i. it appears that virus yield enhancement by addition of trypsin was due to a greater number of cells having been infected. the infected single cell did not p ... | 1986 | 3016795 |
| [pathology and control of virus-induced enteritis in calves]. | considerable economic loss can arise from virus-caused enteritis in calves, in the form of so-called infectious factor diseases, which often develop more seriously when bacterial organisms, such as e. coli become involved. rota-, corona- and parvoviruses are of particular interest. these pathogens have a marked predilection for intestinal epithelium. rotavirus destroys the epithelial cells of the upper parts of the villi. coronavirus penetrates to the base of the small intestinal villi and the s ... | 1986 | 3016946 |
| centrifugation-augmented solid-phase immunoassay (caspia) for the rapid diagnosis of infectious diseases. | we have devised centrifugation-augmented solid-phase immunoassays (caspias) for the detection of microbial pathogens in human body fluids. the caspia format combines several features of latex agglutination and solid-phase immunoassay systems to produce an assay system that is inexpensive and simple to perform. we found that caspia systems for the detection of rotaviral, group a streptococcal, and haemophilus influenzae type b antigens were significantly more sensitive than latex agglutination as ... | 1986 | 3014010 |
| an outbreak of epidemic diarrhoea in adults caused by a new rotavirus in anhui province of china in the summer of 1983. | shexian county of anhui province in east china experienced a severe outbreak of nonbacterial diarrhoea in may and june of 1983. over 20,0000 cases were reported. most were adults of 20 to 50 years old. the isolated virus was morphologically indistinguishable from ordinary infantile rotavirus, but cf and elisa tests showed that the new virus lacked the common group-a antigen shared by ordinary rotavirus. nine of 10 convalescent-phase and three paired sera of patients showed antibody positive, wit ... | 1986 | 3014061 |
| acute infectious diarrhea. ii. diagnosis, treatment and prevention. | 1986 | 3014459 | |
| a new latex agglutination test kit for detecting rotavirus in stool from children with gastroenteritis. | 1986 | 3014460 | |
| aerosol transmission of experimental rotavirus infection. | several aspects of the epidemiology of rotavirus suggest the possibility that transmission may occur by nonenteral routes. we utilized the mouse model of rotavirus infection to investigate the experimental transmission of rotavirus infection by respiratory droplets. following exposure to a defined dose of aerosolized rotavirus, the kinetics of viral replication within the lung and gastrointestinal tract was studied using a double antibody enzyme immunoassay and indirect immunofluorescence. these ... | 1986 | 3005999 |
| genetic relatedness among animal rotaviruses. | the genomic relatedness among representative rotavirus strains was examined by employing cross-hybridization techniques. single stranded (ss) rna prepared by in vitro transcription of purified rotavirus particles and labeled with either 32p or 125i was hybridized to denatured genomic, double stranded (ds) rnas. the hybrids formed were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) or by testing their sensitivity to digestion with single strand specific nuclease (s-1 nuclease). a relativel ... | 1986 | 3004389 |
| atypical rotavirus from south african neonates. brief report. | rotaviruses displaying an rna profile different from other human rotaviruses were detected in stools from six healthy neonates. these viruses shared the common group a antigen, unlike most other atypical human rotavirus electropherotypes described to date. | 1986 | 3004392 |
| suspected rotavirus encephalitis. | a 9 month old boy with suspected rotavirus encephalitis developed infantile spasms and delayed psychomotor development. anti-rotavirus antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid, blood, and faeces were studied. | 1986 | 3017236 |
| clinical features of acute gastroenteritis associated with rotavirus, enteric adenoviruses, and bacteria. | in a prospective one year study, comprising children with acute gastroenteritis admitted to hospital or treated as outpatients, the clinical and laboratory features of rotavirus diarrhoea (168 cases) were compared with those of enteric adenovirus (32 cases), bacterial (42), mixed (16), and non-specific (135) infections. the rotavirus disease was remarkably consistent, with a sudden onset of vomiting, a high frequency of fever and dehydration, and a mean duration of diarrhoea of 5.9 days. outpati ... | 1986 | 3017237 |
| persistent protein losing enteropathy in post measles diarrhoea. | faecal alpha 1 antitrypsin was measured in two groups of children with diarrhoea aged 6 months to 6 years during the acute and recovery stages of the illness. group 1 comprised 19 children with a history of measles in the two weeks preceding admission to hospital. in this group there were six cases of shigella species, six enterotoxigenic escherichia coli, and five rotavirus, and two did not yield an aetiologic agent. group 2 comprised 15 children with diarrhoea only. in this group there were fi ... | 1986 | 3017238 |
| [minirotavirus detected in the feces of infants with diarrhea in nanjing]. | 1986 | 3017519 | |
| genomic variations and antigenic relationships among cytopathic rotavirus strains isolated in quebec dairy herds. | twelve isolates of bovine rotavirus, originating from eight dairy herds in quebec known to have frequent epizootics of diarrhea in young calves in the last five years, were successfully propagated in cell cultures. the 12 isolates produced clear-cut plaques in bsc-1 cells and, except for one isolate, agglutinated human group "o" erythrocytes to an higher titer than bovine erythrocytes. antisera to each isolate were produced in rabbits and used to study their antigenic relationships. all the isol ... | 1986 | 3017524 |
| distinct serotypes of porcine rotavirus associated with diarrhea in suckling piglets in southern quebec. | cytopathic rotavirus strains were isolated in cell cultures from the intestinal contents of diarrheic piglets on quebec pig farms where repeated outbreaks of enteritis occurred. all the isolates shared the common group antigens of rotaviruses as revealed by immunofluorescence and counterimmunoelectrophoresis. a hemagglutinating activity was demonstrated with human group o, porcine and guinea pig erythrocytes. at least one of the isolates was clearly distinguished from the american prototype of p ... | 1986 | 3017525 |
| an epidemiological study of selected calf pathogens on holstein dairy farms in southwestern ontario. | fecal samples from calves on 78 randomly selected holstein dairy farms in southwestern ontario were screened for salmonella, campylobacter jejuni/coli, enteropathogenic escherichia coli, rotavirus and coronavirus. based on the observed prevalence, 22% of farms had calves infected with salmonella, 13% with campylobacter jejuni/coli, 41% with enteropathogenic e. coli, 19% with rotavirus and 5% with coronavirus. these estimates can be modified, using a method developed by mullen and prost (1983) fo ... | 1986 | 3017528 |
| [maternal-neonatal paired studies on antibodies against human rotavirus (hrv)]. | 1986 | 3017565 | |
| routine detection of human rotavirus by latex agglutination: comparison with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, electron microscopy and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. | a commercially available latex agglutination test, rotascreen (mercia diagnostics ltd., west byfleet, surrey, u.k.) was evaluated for the detection of human rotaviruses in stool specimens. the results obtained were compared with those from 3 other routine assay systems used in this laboratory: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), electron microscopy (em) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) of viral ribonucleic acid. 400 stool samples were examined by the 4 assay systems under rou ... | 1986 | 3018017 |
| effect of simulated poor specimen handling on elisa for rotavirus detection. | 1986 | 3018072 | |
| characterization of monoclonal antibodies against human rotavirus hemagglutinin. | three monoclonal antibodies capable of specifically inhibiting hemagglutination of human rotavirus were produced. their hemagglutination inhibition (hi) activity was specific to the homologous strain (kun) used for immunization. the monoclonal antibodies with hi activity were highly effective in neutralizing the infectivity of the kun strain. these antibodies reacted with vp80, and 80,000 molecular weight (mw) protein present in the viral outer shell. it was confirmed by immunoblotting assay wit ... | 1986 | 3018137 |
| isolation of cytophatic strains of rotavirus from pigs. | twenty-two rotavirus isolates were recovered from piglets suffering from diarrhea. the isolates readily propagated in ma-104 cell cultures where they induced typical cytopathic effects (cpe) and possessed the physicochemicals properties of the members of rotavirus genus, family reoviridae. the electron microscopy study, conducted in ma-104 infected cells, revealed virus particles which possessed the peculiar morphology of rotavirus. the isolates were neutralized by a reference porcine rotavirus ... | 1986 | 3018451 |
| conservation of amino acid sequence of vp8 and cleavage region of 84-kda outer capsid protein among rotaviruses recovered from asymptomatic neonatal infection. | within the past few years, rotavirus strains were recovered from four discrete prolonged outbreaks of infection in newborn nurseries in which affected infants failed to develop significant symptoms. the virus strains recovered from each outbreak belonged to a different human rotavirus serotype and thus each of the four human rotavirus serotypes was associated with asymptomatic infection of neonates. marked conservation of sequence was observed among the fourth genes of the nursery rotavirus stra ... | 1986 | 3018754 |
| a scanning and transmission electron microscopic study of rotavirus-induced intestinal lesions in neonatal gnotobiotic dogs. | neonatal gnotobiotic dogs orally inoculated with canine rotavirus had ultrastructural changes limited to the jejunal and ileal regions of the small intestine. early scanning electron microscopic findings consisted of swollen villus epithelial cells, denuded foci on intestinal villi, and slight to moderate villus atrophy. later changes were slight villus atrophy with no denuded intestinal villi. transmission electron microscopic changes in villus epithelial cells from 12 to 48 hours post-inoculat ... | 1986 | 3018981 |
| evaluation of a combined rotavirus and enterotoxigenic escherichia coli vaccine in cattle. | a vaccine of rotavirus and k99 antigen from enterotoxigenic escherichia coli was emulsified in oil adjuvant and administered intramuscularly to pregnant cows. calves born to and reared on vaccinated dams were protected against experimental rotavirus infection at five days old when compared with calves from unvaccinated control cows. field trials of the vaccine were carried out in 40 commercial herds, in which half the cows in each herd were selected at random for vaccination and half were left u ... | 1986 | 3018989 |
| comparison by plaque assay of bovine rotavirus and a bovine enterovirus-like agent. | enterovirus-like particles from feces of calves are a frequent source of contamination of bovine rotavirus isolates. a study of plaque formation using bsc-1 cells indicated differences in behaviour of the viruses which could be used for differentiation the purification. the enterovirus-like particles produced well-defined plaques earlier and reached their optimal size much more rapidly than did the rotavirus. furthermore, plaques produced by bovine enterovirus-like particles were significantly l ... | 1986 | 3018995 |
| conservation in rotaviruses of the protein region containing the two sites associated with trypsin enhancement of infectivity. | the primary structure of the region in the outer layer protein vp3, containing the two sites associated with trypsin enhancement of infectivity of rotavirus was found to be greatly conserved in cultivable human rotavirus serotypes 1 (wa), 2 (ds1), and 3 (p) and in four human rotaviruses directly purified from feces. significant differences with this conserved sequence were found in human rotavirus serotype 4 (st3), isolated from an asymptomatic neonate, and in seven animal rotaviruses. however, ... | 1986 | 3019004 |
| reduction of rotavirus-, coronavirus- and e. coli-associated calf-diarrheas in a large-size dairy herd by means of dam vaccination with a triple-vaccine. | 1986 | 3019046 | |
| oral rotavirus vaccination in breast- and bottle-fed infants aged 6 to 12 months. | oral bovine rotavirus vaccine rit 4237 was tested at two dose levels in 217 children between 6 and 12 months of age who received either breast milk or bottle milk (cow's milk or infant formula) before vaccination. of the children 65% were initially seronegative for rotavirus elisa igg and igm antibody. the full vaccine dose (10(8.3) 50% tissue culture infective doses, tcid50) induced seroconversion rates 81% and 86% and booster response rates 69% and 64% in breast and bottle-fed children, respec ... | 1986 | 3019074 |
| efficacy of an orally administered modified-live porcine-origin rotavirus vaccine against postweaning diarrhea in pigs. | a commercially available, porcine-origin rotavirus vaccine was evaluated for efficacy against postweaning diarrhea due to rotavirus infection in pigs. weight gains were compared at 5 intervals after weaning. visual scoring was used to evaluate fecal consistency. rectal swab specimens were cultured for hemolytic e coli and evaluated for rotaviral antigen by use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. milk from dams and sera from pigs and dams were evaluated for rotavirus-neutralizing antibodies by ... | 1986 | 3019187 |
| further investigation on the mode of entry of human rotavirus into cells. | entry of the kun strain of human rotavirus into ma 104 cells was studied by electron microscopy. double-shelled rotavirus particles attached to the cell membrane, and in the presence of trypsin their nucleic acids were expelled from the virus core into the cytoplasm through radial spaces between the capsomeres and the cell membrane pores formed after their attachment. this mechanism was considered to be analogous to those of phages. | 1986 | 3019279 |
| childhood gastroenteritis: a population study. | a prospective study of gastroenteritis based on a population was carried out for 12 months on over 7000 children in general practice. the incidence of gastroenteritis was highest in the first year (127.7 children affected per 1000) and second year (90.8) of life, and gastroenteritis was rare after six years of age. children from urban areas had gastroenteritis more commonly than children from semirural areas. a potential pathogen was isolated from half of the specimens: 78% were viruses, and rot ... | 1986 | 3019460 |
| possible sex differences in the susceptibility of calves to rotavirus infection. | the agar gel precipitation test was used to detect rotavirus antibodies in the serum of 562 calves and bovine rotavirus antigen in the feces of 347 calves. significantly more females had rotavirus antibodies in the serum (p less than 0.01) and rotavirus antigen in the feces (p less than 0.1) than did male calves. female buffalo calves were also found to be more susceptible than male buffalo calves to rotavirus infection. | 1986 | 3019501 |
| occurrence of antigenically distinct rotaviruses in infants in bulgaria. | 1986 | 3019681 | |
| neonatal rotavirus infection in pondicherry. | 1986 | 3019882 | |
| [asymptomatic excretors of rotavirus]. | asymptomatic carriers of rotavirus. samples of faeces from healthy, mostly adult persons, which were sent to us according to legal requirements to permit food handling, were additionally tested for the presence of rotaviruses. 1.6% of this group proved to be positive at the time of sample collection. contrary to the typical winter peak of diseased patients, the virus carriership was evenly distributed throughout the year in healthy persons. the results are discussed especially with regard to epi ... | 1986 | 3019894 |
| response to rit 4237 oral rotavirus vaccine in breast-fed and formula-fed infants. | twenty-six full-term newborns (15 males and 11 females) were followed-up from birth to 5 months of age. during the first month of life, all of them were breast-fed. thereafter those infants whose mothers produced enough milk continued breast-feeding (n = 16) while the remaining (n = 10) changed to an adapted milk formula supplying approximately 2 g/kg/day of protein and 100 kcal/kg/day. at 4 months of life, all infants were vaccinated with one oral dose of rit 4237 rotavirus vaccine of bovine or ... | 1986 | 3019954 |
| comparison between children treated at home and those requiring hospital admission for rotavirus and other enteric pathogens associated with acute diarrhea in melbourne, australia. | the etiology of acute diarrhea in children less than 42 months of age attending one pediatric hospital in melbourne, australia, was studied during a 7-month period encompassing the winter of 1984. pathogens identified in 157 children treated as outpatients with mild disease were compared with those in 232 children hospitalized with severe disease. the pathogens (and frequencies among outpatients and inpatients, respectively) detected were rotaviruses (32.5 and 50.9%), enteric adenoviruses (8.9 a ... | 1986 | 3020082 |
| role of rota-virus in acute gastroenteritis in young children--a preliminary report. | 1986 | 3020238 | |
| preliminary evaluation of the efficacy of rhesus rotavirus vaccine strain mmu 18006 in young children. | 1986 | 3020521 | |
| [frequency of the rotavirus antigen, detected by the elisa method, in the feces of patients with infantile enteritis]. | 1986 | 3020668 | |
| detection of group rotavirus antigen with romanian elisa kits in the acute gastroenteritis of the infant and young child. | 1986 | 3020670 | |
| [present status of rotavirus infection in nursing infants and children]. | 1986 | 3020675 | |
| cost effectiveness of potential immunization interventions against diarrhoeal disease. | estimates are made of the costs per death averted and the costs per case prevented by three possible immunization interventions against diarrhoeal disease in children. these estimates are based on cost information collected from a number of on-going national immunization programmes and from effectiveness estimates reported in previously published reviews. the first part of the paper reviews the state of current knowledge regarding immunization costs and converts data from 9 different studies int ... | 1986 | 3020709 |
| [infectious diarrheal diseases in swine: morphologic and microbiologic findings]. | infectious diarrhea in piglets can be caused by tge, evd and rota virus. the present report shows another viral agent (para-rota virus) to be present. in addition the report describes light and electronmicroscopic findings of the enteric mucosa caused by the agents mentioned. the degree and distribution of villous atrophy, one of the main histological findings, of infections with tge, evd, rota and para-rota virus is compared. a correlation of the results obtained with fluorescent antibody stain ... | 1986 | 3020736 |
| [differential diagnosis of viral diarrheas in calves]. | there is a description of the enzymoimmunologic method (elisa), which was used for demonstration of rotaviruses and coronaviruses in the samples of excrements of the calves suffering from diarrheas. it is shown by a comparison with the results obtained by electron microscopy that the elisa method provides by up to 50% higher capture rate and the reaction is highly specific. the method can also be applied to a detection of human rotavirus in the children's stool. | 1986 | 3020762 |
| [rotavirus infections in pigs]. | rotaviruses were found in the study of 123 pigs and 132 fecal samples from animals with diarrhea. employed were the method of immunofluorescence and the high concentration of virions (10(4) up to 10(9)/cm3). as high as 57.3 per cent of the fecal extracts proved positive for rotaviruses. in 14.3 per cent of the extracts a group-specific rotavirus antigen was established via the agar gel immunodiffusion, and 30.9 per cent of the intestinal cross sections were positive as demonstrated through immun ... | 1986 | 3020774 |
| modulation of rotavirus enteritis during breast-feeding. implications on alterations in the intestinal bacterial flora. | a cohort of 197 infants was followed up prospectively for a single rotavirus (rv) season, 1983 to 1984, to examine the effect of long-term feeding method on rv infection. the feeding classification distinguished breast vs formula milk intake over the long term, for at least 18 weeks from birth (approximately four months). during the follow-up period, relative numbers of rv particles in feces were compared by electron microscopy, and positive specimens were confirmed by an enzyme-linked immunosor ... | 1986 | 3020966 |
| identification of a bovine enteric syncytial virus as a nongroup a rotavirus. | an atypical or nongroup a rotavirus was identified in feces obtained from gnotobiotic calves in which fecal preparations originally derived during an epizootic of neonatal calf diarrhea had been serially passaged. the epizootic was previously reported to be caused by a noncharacterized viral agent that induced the formation of epithelial syncytia on small intestinal villi of experimentally infected calves. this bovine, nongroup a rotavirus was found to be antigenically related to a described aty ... | 1986 | 3021026 |
| mechanism of inactivation of enteric viruses in fresh water. | fresh water obtained from nine sources was shown to cause inactivation of poliovirus. further testing with four of these water samples showed that enteric viruses from different genera were consistently inactivated in these freshwater samples. studies on the cause of inactivation were conducted with echovirus type 12 as the model virus. the results revealed that the virucidal agents in the waters tested could not be separated from microorganisms. any treatment that removed or inactivated microor ... | 1986 | 3021056 |
| development of a method for concentration of rotavirus and its application to recovery of rotaviruses from estuarine waters. | as part of our studies on the ecology of human enteric viruses, an improved method for detection of rotaviruses in water was developed, and their presence in galveston bay was monitored. samples (378 liters) of estuarine water adjusted to ph 3.5 and a final alcl3 molarity of 0.001 were filtered through 25-cm pleated cartridge-type filters (filterite corp., timonium, md.) of 3.0- and 0.45-micron porosity. adsorbed virus was eluted with 1 liter of 10% tryptose phosphate broth, ph 9.5. primary elua ... | 1986 | 3021057 |
| [rotavirus infections in calves. 1. adaptation of calf-pathogenic strains of rotavirus to cell culture]. | 1986 | 3021080 | |
| primary isolation and identification of avian rotaviruses from turkeys exhibiting signs of clinical enteritis in a continuous ma 104 cell line. | avian rotaviruses were isolated from turkeys with enteritis using ma 104 cell line. ma 104 cells were suitable for primary isolation and propagation of avian rotaviruses. trypsin appeared essential for the enhancement of infectivity and the occurrence of cytopathic effect (cpe). serum neutralization (sn), electron microscopy (em), and analysis of genomic rna were done to identify and confirm the identity of rotaviruses. electrophoretic migration patterns of genomic rna from avian rotaviruses wer ... | 1986 | 3021099 |
| experimental infection of specific-pathogen-free chickens with avian rotaviruses. | one-to-70-day-old specific-pathogen-free chickens were infected with rotaviruses isolated from chickens, turkeys, and pheasants. chicks infected at 1 or 7 days of age remained largely free of infection: virus could be isolated from a few chicks of these ages, but virus antigen could not be detected in the epithelial cells of the intestinal villi. treating the virus with trypsin before inoculation did not markedly enhance virus infectivity. the same batches of virus successfully infected chickens ... | 1986 | 3021101 |
| [acute rotavirus enteritis]. | 1986 | 3014621 | |
| pathogens that cause travelers' diarrhea in latin america and africa. | with the advent of rapid and convenient means of transportation, millions of persons travel each year from industrialized to developing countries in the tropics and subtropics. these travelers are at risk for a variety of infectious diseases that are endemic in these areas; the most frequently occurring of these is diarrhea. studies of groups of travelers to latin america and africa have found that approximately one-half develop diarrhea during their stay abroad. etiologic investigations of thes ... | 1986 | 3014633 |
| detection of an atypical rotavirus associated with diarrhoea in chaco, argentina. | recently some unusual human and animal rotaviruses have been described which, although indistinguishable from standard rotaviruses by electron microscopy (em), fail to react with antibody directed against the rotavirus group antigen. the genome of these viruses is composed of 11 double-stranded (ds) rna segments; these rna segments display different patterns when analysed by means of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page). the electrophoretic profile of the ds rna segments of those human, ant ... | 1986 | 3014689 |
| rotavirus infection in wild marsupials (didelphis marsupialis) of the amazon region. | rotavirus was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in faecal specimens collected from two (1.35%) of 148 marsupials trapped in the amazon jungle environment. the positive samples were both from the "common opossum", didelphis marsupialis. no infections were found in the stools of 198 animals belonging to other mammalian species: the latter included small rodents, chiropterans and primates. electron microscopic examination of one (ma 5928) rotavirus-positive specimen showed a large numbe ... | 1986 | 3014690 |
| studies with an atypical avian rotavirus from pheasants. | 1986 | 3014708 | |
| prolonged excretion and failure of cross-protection between distinct serotypes of bovine rotavirus. | four newborn calves were experimentally infected with two distinct serotypes of bovine rotavirus (brv-1 and brv-2). initially, three colostrum-deprived calves were inoculated orally with either brv-1 or brv-2; all developed severe diarrhea and produced serotype-specific neutralizing antibodies. fecal virus was first demonstrated by immunofluorescence the day after inoculation. the virus titers reached a maximum of 10(5.2)-10(6.6) fluorescent focus forming units g-1 of feces 2-5 days after inocul ... | 1986 | 3014714 |
| bovine rotavirus maturation is a calcium-dependent process. | bovine rotavirus-infected ma-104 cells maintained in the presence and absence of cacl2 displayed cytopathic effects (cpe) distinct from each other. lysates of calcium-free cultures were unable to induce cpe in subsequent passages in ma-104 cells, an observation reflected by the demonstration that virus titers of such lysates were drastically reduced. the minimum concentration of cacl2 in the growth medium required to maintain maximum virus yield was determined to be approximately 0.17 mm. the pe ... | 1986 | 3014721 |
| [morphological characteristics of the rotaviruses and the structure of their genome]. | the data on human and animal rotavirus reproduction in monkey kidney cell culture, their morphology, and genome structure are presented. both viruses, simian rotavirus sa 11 and human rotavirus k1, did not differ morphologically, in both cases two-capsid and one-capsid particles were found. the genome structure was determined by electrophoresis in 6% pag. the electrophoretic mobility of genome fragments of both viruses was similar. | 1986 | 3014748 |
| [rapid diagnosis of rotavirus infections by rna electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel]. | a method of rapid diagnosis of rotavirus infections is described. it is based on the isolation of viral rna from the feces of patients with viral gastroenteritis and determination of rna mobility by 6% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. it was demonstrated that rotavirus infection could be diagnosed after long-term storage of fecal specimens as well. the method is of interest for epidemiological and genetic studies of human rotavirus diseases. | 1986 | 3014749 |
| [propagation and detection of human rotavirus (wa strain) in cell cultures of the line ma 104]. | 1986 | 3014764 | |
| [comparative studies of the detection of rotavirus antigen with electron microscopy, countercurrent electrophoresis and enzyme immunoassay]. | 1986 | 3014765 | |
| genome analysis of human rotaviruses by oligonucleotide mapping of isolated rna segments. | the genomes of adult diarrhoea rotaviruses isolated in different parts of china during winter outbreaks in 1983 and 1984 were compared by segmental oligonucleotide (on) mapping. the rna profiles of most of the isolates were indistinguishable but it was found that some corresponding rna segments had identical or very closely related on maps whereas others differed considerably. this finding can be taken to suggest that the strains compared may be genetically related by a natural reassortment even ... | 1986 | 3014782 |
| occurrence and isolation in tissue culture of equine rotaviruses. | 1986 | 3014788 |