Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| honey bee sting and venom offering active as well as passive immunization could reduce swine flu pandemic a (h1n1). | 2010 | 20015597 | |
| genetic and pathobiologic characterization of pandemic h1n1 2009 influenza viruses from a naturally infected swine herd. | since its initial identification in mexico and the united states, concerns have been raised that the novel h1n1 influenza virus might cause a pandemic of severity comparable to that of the 1918 pandemic. in late april 2009, viruses phylogenetically related to pandemic h1n1 influenza virus were isolated from an outbreak on a canadian pig farm. this outbreak also had epidemiological links to a suspected human case. experimental infections carried out in pigs using one of the swine isolates from th ... | 2010 | 20015998 |
| swine influenza (h1n1) pneumonia during the 'herald wave' of the pandemic: no increase in bacterial pneumonia without empirical antibiotics. | 2010 | 20005682 | |
| one-step real-time rt-pcr for pandemic influenza a virus (h1n1) 2009 matrix gene detection in swine samples. | in the spring of 2009, a novel (h1n1) influenza a virus began to spread among humans worldwide. although the 2009 h1n1 is related genetically to swine influenza viruses, human infection has not been connected to pig exposure. because the virus is now circulating widely in the human population, swine herds are at increased risk of becoming infected. in order to investigate potential outbreaks of the 2009 pandemic virus in pigs, a quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain react ... | 2010 | 20005904 |
| swine infuenza (h1n1) pneumonia: bacterial airway colonization common but fatalities due to bacterial pneumonia remain relatively rare. | 2010 | 20007024 | |
| structure, receptor binding, and antigenicity of influenza virus hemagglutinins from the 1957 h2n2 pandemic. | the hemagglutinin (ha) envelope protein of influenza viruses mediates essential viral functions, including receptor binding and membrane fusion, and is the major viral antigen for antibody neutralization. the 1957 h2n2 subtype (asian flu) was one of the three great influenza pandemics of the last century and caused 1 million deaths globally from 1957 to 1968. three crystal structures of 1957 h2 has have been determined at 1.60 to 1.75 a resolutions to investigate the structural basis for their a ... | 2010 | 20007271 |
| alterations in receptor-binding properties of swine influenza viruses of the h1 subtype after isolation in embryonated chicken eggs. | alterations of the receptor-binding properties of swine influenza a viruses (sivs) during their isolation in embryonated chicken eggs have not been well studied. in this study, the receptor-binding properties of classical h1 sivs isolated solely in eggs or madin-darby canine kidney (mdck) cells were examined. sequencing analysis revealed substitutions of d190v/n or d225g in the haemagglutinin (ha) proteins in egg isolates, whereas mdck isolates retained ha genes identical to those of the origina ... | 2010 | 20007353 |
| the value of lung ultrasound monitoring in h1n1 acute respiratory distress syndrome. | we present the case of a healthy young male who developed acute respiratory failure as a result of infection with influenza a/h1n1 of swine-origin and in whom ventilatory support was optimised and recovery of lung function was monitored by the use of sequential chest ultrasound examinations. the potential pivotal role of bedside lung ultrasonography in h1n1-induced respiratory failure is discussed. | 2010 | 20002364 |
| pathological and ultrastructural analysis of surgical lung biopsies in patients with swine-origin influenza type a/h1n1 and acute respiratory failure. | cases of h1n1 and other pulmonary infections evolve to acute respiratory failure and death when co-infections or lung injury predominate over the immune response, thus requiring early diagnosis to improve treatment. | 2010 | 21340209 |
| [pandemic influenza a/h1n1 (sw2009) in russia: epidemiology, diagnosis, clinical picture, and treatment]. | to study the epidemiological and clinical features of the 2009-2010 pandemic influenza in russia. | 2010 | 21381341 |
| [current situation of a/h1n1 influenza in the world]. | between march and april, 2009 a new strain of influenza capable of causing severe disease and mortality in humans was identified in north america, leading to the declaration by the world health organization (who) of the first pandemic of the 21st century. the prompt intervention of world health authorities allowed the early identification of the virus as triple assortment a(h1n1) derived from avian, swine and human viruses, and a descendant of the a(h1n1) virus that caused the 1918 influenza pan ... | 2010 | 21384641 |
| physicians' recommendations to their patients concerning a novel pandemic vaccine: a cross-sectional survey of the 2009 influenza a/h1n1 pandemic in japan. | objectives: striking a balance between the rapid availability of a novel vaccine while ensuring its safety, quality, and efficacy is a major challenge during a pandemic. we aimed to elucidate physicians' attitudes regarding the novel vaccine during the influenza a/h1n1 pandemic of 2009, and to determine factors that affected their vaccination recommendations to patients. methods: of a random sample of 1,000 general practitioners (gps) in japan, 515 participated in the cross-sectional anonymous s ... | 2010 | 21431784 |
| understanding the influenza a h1n1 2009 pandemic. | a new strain of influenza a virus, with quadruple segment translocation in its rna, caused an outbreak of human infection in april 2009 in usa and mexico. it was classified as influenza a h1n1 2009. the genetic material originates from three different species: human, avian and swine. by june 2009, the world health organization (who) had classified this strain as a pandemic virus, making it the first pandemic in 40 years. influenza a h1n1 2009 is transmitted by respiratory droplets; the transmiss ... | 2010 | 21509228 |
| ask the doctor. now that the fuss over h1n1 swine flu has died down, do i need to get vaccinated this year? | 2010 | 21213421 | |
| novel swine influenza a/h1n1 and the phase six pandemic. | the family orthomyxoviridae consists of influenza a virus which is negative sense single stranded virus. the genome of the virus is segmented and possesses a peculiar trait of genetic reassortment. the influenza virus on its envelop consists of the antigenic glycoprotein like haemagglutinin (ha) and neuraminidase (na). the changes in those glycoprotein components due to antigenic shift and antigenic drift leads to the development of new strain of influenza a viruses. now the novel swine influenz ... | 2010 | 22049835 |
| review article: influenza a (h1n1) virus in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. | infection with influenza a (h1n1)v (swine flu) has caused widespread anxiety, among patients who are potentially immunocompromised, such as those being treated for inflammatory bowel disease. | 2010 | 19814744 |
| development of a real-time rt-pcr assay for a novel influenza a (h1n1) virus. | a pandemic caused by a novel influenza a virus (h1n1) poses a serious public health threat. in this study, a real-time reverse transcriptase pcr (rt-pcr) assay based on the hemagglutinin gene was developed that discriminates the novel h1n1 from swine influenza virus, seasonal h1n1/h3n2 virus and the highly pathogenic h5n1 avian influenza virus. the sensitivity of this assay was 0.2 50% tissue culture infective dose of virus and 200 copies of in vitro-transcribed target rna. three hundred and for ... | 2010 | 19815030 |
| the pandemic 2009 (h1n1) swine influenza virus is mild compared to the pandemic 1918 (h1n1) virus because of a proline-to-serine substitution in the receptor-binding site of its hemagglutinin - a hypothesis. | the relative mildness of the pandemic 2009 (h1n1) swine influenza virus compared to the 1918 pandemic (h1n1) virus may be due to a variety of possible causes, including the existence of effective immunity in the host, the lessened ability of the virus to bind to target cells or to replicate in them, a diminished secretion of molecules that could cause further complications like pneumonia, etc. a comparison of the hemagglutinin sequences from the pandemic 2009 (h1n1) viruses with that of the 1918 ... | 2010 | 19819081 |
| strategies for mitigating an influenza pandemic with pre-pandemic h5n1 vaccines. | the recent worldwide spread of the swine-origin h1n1 2009 influenza outbreak has resulted in its designation as a pandemic by the world health organization. while it appears to result in mild symptoms, concern still exists that a more severe influenza pandemic with a high case fatality ratio might arise by reassortment or mutation of the currently circulating avian influenza (h5n1) virus. given that recently developed candidate pre-pandemic h5n1 vaccines have shown potential for cross-strain pro ... | 2010 | 19755499 |
| role of ifn-alpha during the acute stage of a swine influenza virus infection. | cytokines, especially interferon-alpha (ifn-alpha) are important in controlling influenza virus infections. to investigate the role of ifn-alpha in influenza, the swine ifn-alpha neutralizing monoclonal antibody (ab) k9 was applied in a swine model of influenza a virus infection. first, the optimal dose and route for administration of the ifn-alpha neutralizing abs was determined. based on those results, the effect of the abs on a swine influenza virus infection was investigated. pigs were inocu ... | 2010 | 19647281 |
| rapid and specific detection of h3 swine influenza virus using reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification method. | the main objective of our study is to develop a reverse transcriptase loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp)-based system for rapid and specific detection of h3 swine influenza virus (siv). | 2010 | 19732212 |
| [first cases of secondary transmission of a novel swine-origin influenza a (h1n1) virus in france]. | on april 2009, a new swine-origin a(h1n1) influenza virus, a(h1n1)v, was identified in the united states. today (june 12, 2009), more than 29,000 cases have been reported in the world, and 73 in france. this is the first report of secondary transmission in france. the three patients presented with common influenza signs including cough, fever, and sore throat. the incubation period could last from two to four days; it should be kept in mind that the first international data mentioned one to seve ... | 2010 | 19632075 |
| risk factors associated with pleuritis and cranio-ventral pulmonary consolidation in slaughter-aged pigs. | examination of lung lesions at the slaughterhouse is a useful tool to estimate the importance of respiratory disease at farm, regional or national level. the objective of the present work was to describe the prevalence of gross lung lesions at slaughter, with a special focus on pleuritis and cranio-ventral pulmonary consolidation, and to identify major risk factors for these lesions. data from 107 farms involving approximately 11,000 pigs enabled gross lung lesions to be correlated with serology ... | 2010 | 19527939 |
| subtype identification of the novel a h1n1 and other human influenza a viruses using an oligonucleotide microarray. | a novel strain of influenza a (h1n1) virus was isolated in mexico and the us in march and april 2009. this novel virus spread to many countries and regions in a few months, and who raised the level of pandemic alert from phase 5 to phase 6 on june 11, 2009. the accurate identification of h1n1 virus and other human seasonal influenza a viruses is very important for further treatment and control of their infections. in this study, we developed an oligonucleotide microarray to subtype human h1n1, h ... | 2010 | 19998047 |
| [influenza a (h1n1) virus infection in humans: review to 30th october 2009]. | since human infection by a novel influenza virus a h1n1 of swine origin was reported in april 2009, the virus has spread worldwide causing a pandemic. in the southern hemisphere, the first pandemic wave has taken place, coinciding with austral winter. in the northern hemisphere, transmission has been sustained under the basal level of epidemic until the first weeks of october, when incidence rates have risen up to the pidemic level in some countries, including spain. this work reviews the differ ... | 2010 | 19962791 |
| significant neutralizing activity of human immunoglobulin preparations against pandemic 2009 h1n1. | 2010 | 19961480 | |
| development of a rapid automated influenza a, influenza b, and respiratory syncytial virus a/b multiplex real-time rt-pcr assay and its use during the 2009 h1n1 swine-origin influenza virus epidemic in milwaukee, wisconsin. | rapid, semiautomated, and fully automated multiplex real-time rt-pcr assays were developed and validated for the detection of influenza (flu) a, flu b, and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) from nasopharyngeal specimens. the assays can detect human h1n1, h3n2, and swine-origin (s-oiv) h1n1 flu a viruses and were effectively used to distinguish flu a infections (of all subtypes) from flu b and rsv infections during the current s-oiv outbreak in milwaukee, wi. the analytical limits of detection we ... | 2010 | 19959800 |
| two cases of swine h1n1 influenza presenting with hematuria as prodrome. | 2010 | 19953274 | |
| temperature sensitivity on growth and/or replication of h1n1, h1n2 and h3n2 influenza a viruses isolated from pigs and birds in mammalian cells. | influenza a viruses have been isolated from a wide range of animal species, aquatic birds being the reservoir for their genetic diversity. avian influenza viruses can be transmitted to humans, directly or indirectly through an intermediate host like pig. this study aimed to define in vitro conditions that could prove useful to evaluate the potential of influenza viruses to adapt to a different host. growth of h1n1, h1n2 and h3n2 influenza viruses belonging to different lineages isolated from bir ... | 2010 | 19926410 |
| pandemic h1n1 2009 influenza a virus induces weak cytokine responses in human macrophages and dendritic cells and is highly sensitive to the antiviral actions of interferons. | in less than 3 months after the first cases of swine origin 2009 influenza a (h1n1) virus infections were reported from mexico, who declared a pandemic. the pandemic virus is antigenically distinct from seasonal influenza viruses, and the majority of human population lacks immunity against this virus. we have studied the activation of innate immune responses in pandemic virus-infected human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (dc) and macrophages. pandemic a/finland/553/2009 virus, representing a t ... | 2010 | 19939920 |
| removal of species constraints in antibody detection. | serum antibodies from myriad species, particularly birds, can provide key information regarding the transmission and the expansion of the territory of emerging pathogens. expedient antibody analysis is constrained by a lack of species-specific reagents, a deficiency potentially highlighted by the recent swine-origin influenza a virus (h1n1) outbreak. available methodologies present difficulties that discourage thorough serologic monitoring of potential disease vectors or hosts. rapid high-throug ... | 2010 | 19923570 |
| transmission and control of an emerging influenza pandemic in a small-world airline network. | the avian influenza virus h5n1 and the 2009 swine flu h1n1 are potentially serious pandemic threats to human health, and air travel readily facilitates the spread of infectious diseases. however, past studies have not yet incorporated the effects of air travel on the transmission of influenza in the construction of mathematical epidemic models. therefore, this paper focused on the human-to-human transmission of influenza, and investigated the effects of air travel activities on an influenza pand ... | 2010 | 19887149 |
| haemagglutinin and neuraminidase characterization of low pathogenic h5 and h7 avian influenza viruses isolated from northern pintails (anas acuta) in japan, with special reference to genomic and biogeographical aspects. | pintails constitute an important host of avian influenza viruses (aivs). genetic, molecular, and antigenic characteristics of h5 and h7 aivs, which we isolated from northern pintails (anas acuta) wintering in japan, were analyzed and found to be linked to various ecological features, chiefly in terms of gene geography, as shaped by various migratory aquatic host species. although all the isolates were found to be of low pathogenicity (lp), we explored gene predispositions that may potentially un ... | 2010 | 19916042 |
| mutations in classical swine fever virus ns4b affect virulence in swine. | ns4b is one of the nonstructural proteins of classical swine fever virus (csfv), the etiological agent of a severe, highly lethal disease of swine. protein domain analysis of the predicted amino acid sequence of the ns4b protein of highly pathogenic csfv strain brescia (bicv) identified a putative toll/interleukin-1 receptor (tir)-like domain. this tir-like motif harbors two conserved domains, box 1 and box 2, also observed in other members of the tir superfamily, including toll-like receptors ( ... | 2010 | 19923180 |
| detection of haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies against human h1 and h3 strains of influenza a viruses in pigs in ibadan, nigeria. | agricultural and commercial activities have continued to bring people and pigs into regular, close contact in ibadan, nigeria. this study was therefore designed to investigate the transmission of human influenza viruses to pigs in ibadan, using serological surveillance. serum specimens were collected from ninety-one (91/199) apparently healthy, unvaccinated landrace pigs at three locations within ibadan from april to june, 2008. two strains of human influenza virus a: a/brisbane/59/2007 (h1n1) a ... | 2010 | 19912605 |
| a single-dose influenza a (h5n1) vaccine safe and immunogenic in adult and elderly patients: an approach to pandemic vaccine development. | with the ongoing pandemic of influenza a (h1n1) virus infection and the threat of high fatality rates for recent human cases of infection with highly pathogenic h5n1 strains, there has been considerable interest in developing pandemic vaccines. here we report a randomized multicenter dose-finding clinical trial of a whole-virion, inactivated, adjuvanted h5n1 vaccine in adult and elderly volunteers. four hundred eighty patients were randomly assigned to receive one or two doses of 3.5 microg of t ... | 2010 | 19906909 |
| comment on: swine flu and antibiotics. | 2010 | 19897507 | |
| detection of novel swine origin influenza a virus (h1n1) by real-time nucleic acid sequence-based amplification. | rapid detection of novel swine origin influenza a virus (s-oiv) (h1n1) is crucial for timely implementation of infection control measures. in this study, a haemagglutinin (ha) gene-based real-time nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (nasba) assay was developed for the specific detection of s-oiv (h1n1). the assay was evaluated and validated by comparing it with existing detection methods for s-oiv (h1n1). results obtained in a 10-fold dilution series assay demonstrated the analytic sensiti ... | 2010 | 19883690 |
| detection of human novel influenza a (h1n1) viruses using multi-fluorescent real-time rt-pcr. | the novel influenza a (h1n1) virus is now rapidly spreading across the world. early detection is one of the most effective measures to prevent further transmission of the virus. 4 sets of proprietary primers and probes designed for detection of influenza a viruses (infa), human and swine h1n1 viruses (sh1), the novel h1n1 viruses (nh1) and rnasep gene (rp) respectively were pooled together in a single tube for a multi-fluorescent real-time rt-pcr assay. the detection limit was found to be one or ... | 2010 | 19883704 |
| enhancement of reverse genetics-derived swine-origin h1n1 influenza virus seed vaccine growth by inclusion of indigenous polymerase pb1 protein. | the current pandemic of a novel swine-origin h1n1 influenza virus (s-oiv) highlighted the need to urgently develop vaccines that can be used in a rapid response against the pathogen. reverse genetics has been employed as an alternative means for the generation of influenza seed vaccines. however, reassortant viruses containing 6 internal genes from a/pr/8/34 and the hemagglutinin (ha) and neuraminidase (na) genes from s-oiv showed very slow growth characteristics, hampering the speed of vaccine ... | 2010 | 19879908 |
| comparison of the usefulness of the caco-2 cell line with standard substrates for isolation of swine influenza a viruses. | influenza a virus isolation is undertaken routinely in embryonated chicken eggs, but to improve virus detection various cell lines can be used. the caco-2 cell line was compared to the mdck cell line and embryonated chicken eggs for the isolation of h1n1, h1n2, h3n2 swine influenza a virus subtypes from clinical specimens. from 2006 to 2008, 104 influenza a samples found positive by pcr from 42 respiratory outbreaks in italian swine farms were examined by virus isolation. sixty swine influenza a ... | 2010 | 19781571 |
| the effects of influenza a virus pb1-f2 protein on polymerase activity are strain specific and do not impact pathogenesis. | the influenza a virus pb1-f2 protein has been implicated as a virulence factor, but the mechanism by which it enhances pathogenicity is not understood. the pb1 gene segment of the h1n1 swine-origin influenza virus pandemic strain codes for a truncated pb1-f2 protein which terminates after 11 amino acids but could acquire the full-length form by mutation or reassortment. it is therefore important to understand the function and impact of this protein. we systematically assessed the effect that pb1 ... | 2010 | 19828614 |
| obstetrical concern on new emerging swine flu. | 2010 | 19466437 | |
| identification and characterization of a highly virulent triple reassortant h1n1 swine influenza virus in the united states. | a highly virulent h1n1 influenza a virus, a/swine/kansas/77778/2007 (ks07), which caused approximately 10% mortality in finishing pigs, was isolated from herds in the midwestern united states. molecular and phylogenic analysis revealed this swine isolate was a triple reassortant virus, similar to an h1n1 virus that infected humans and pigs at an ohio county fair in august 2007. a pig challenge model was developed to evaluate the pathogenicity and transmission capacity of the ks07 virus. the resu ... | 2010 | 19862613 |
| evolution in health and medicine sackler colloquium: the comparative genomics of viral emergence. | rna viruses are the main agents of emerging and re-emerging diseases. it is therefore important to reveal the evolutionary processes that underpin their ability to jump species boundaries and establish themselves in new hosts. here, i discuss how comparative genomics can contribute to this endeavor. arguably the most important evolutionary process in rna virus evolution, abundant mutation, may even open up avenues for their control through "lethal mutagenesis." despite this remarkable mutational ... | 2010 | 19858482 |
| a case of chronic fatigue syndrome triggered by influenza h1n1 (swine influenza). | this case report describes an adolescent boy who was diagnosed as suffering from chronic fatigue syndrome 5 months after infection with h1n1 influenza. | 2010 | 19858526 |
| generation of live attenuated novel influenza virus a/california/7/09 (h1n1) vaccines with high yield in embryonated chicken eggs. | several live attenuated influenza virus a/california/7/09 (h1n1) (ca09) candidate vaccine variants that possess the hemagglutinin (ha) and neuraminidase (na) gene segments from the ca09 virus and six internal protein gene segments from the cold-adapted influenza virus a/ann arbor/6/60 (h2n2) virus were generated by reverse genetics. the reassortant viruses replicated relatively poorly in embryonated chicken eggs. to improve virus growth in eggs, reassortants expressing the ha and na of ca09 were ... | 2010 | 19864389 |
| lung pathology in fatal novel human influenza a (h1n1) infection. | there are no reports of the systemic human pathology of the novel swine h1n1 influenza (s-oiv) infection. | 2010 | 19875682 |
| design and clinical application of a molecular method for detection and typing of the influenza a/h1n1pdm virus. | in march/april 2009, mexico experienced an outbreak of respiratory illness, due to a new influenza of swine origin virus, which spread rapidly via human-to-human transmission, and became pandemic (a/h1n1pdm). because of its unique genome composition, which includes gene segments of swine, avian and human origin, and to the considerable differences to the human influenza a viruses that have circulated so far, the currently used molecular methods proved inadequate. based on published sequences, a ... | 2010 | 19836420 |
| pathogenesis and subsequent cross-protection of influenza virus infection in pigs sustained by an h1n2 strain. | the h1n1, h3n2 and, more recently, h1n2 subtypes of influenza a virus are presently co-circulating in swine herds in several countries. the objectives of this study were to investigate the pathogenesis of sw/italy/1521/98 (h1n2) influenza virus, isolated from respiratory tissues of pigs from herds in northern italy, and to evaluate its potential cross-protection against the sw/fin/2899/82 (h1n1) strain. in the pathogenesis test, eight pigs were intranasally infected with h1n2 virus; at pre-deter ... | 2010 | 19538454 |
| prime-boost immunization with ha/c3d dna followed by a recombinant pseudorabies virus boost enhanced protective immunity against h3n2 swine influenza virus in mice. | dna and recombinant virus vaccines against swine influenza virus (siv) have been pursued with promising results, but induce poor immunogenicity. this study evaluated the effects of a vaccine regimen in mice including priming with three dna vaccines expressing soluble ha (sha), complete ha (tmha), or sha fused with three copies murine c3d (sha-mc3d3) and boosting with recombinant pseudorabies virus expressing ha (rprv-ha). immune responses were monitored by elisa, hi assays, and virus neutralizat ... | 2010 | 19850311 |
| alphavirus replicon particle vaccines developed for use in humans induce high levels of antibodies to influenza virus hemagglutinin in swine: proof of concept. | a propagation-defective, single-cycle, alphavirus replicon particle (rp) system was used to produce two vaccines against human influenza virus a/wyoming/03/2003 (h3n2). one vaccine was prepared from venezeulan equine encephalitis virus (veev) strain 3014 and the other from veev strain tc-83. both vaccines induced high antibody titers to the influenza hemagglutinin (ha) protein and illustrated the potential of using alphavirus rp influenza vaccines in swine. | 2010 | 19853679 |
| outside the box and into thick air: implementation of an exterior mobile pediatric emergency response team for north american h1n1 (swine) influenza virus in houston, texas. | we describe the implementation of a mobile pediatric emergency response team for mildly ill children with influenza-like illnesses during the h1n1 swine influenza outbreak. | 2010 | 19837479 |
| mcp-1 antibody treatment enhances damage and impedes repair of the alveolar epithelium in influenza pneumonitis. | recent studies have demonstrated an essential role of alveolar macrophages during influenza virus infection. enhanced mortalities were observed in macrophage-depleted mice and pigs after influenza virus infection, but the basis for the enhanced pathogenesis is unclear. this study revealed that blocking macrophage recruitment into the lungs in a mouse model of influenza pneumonitis resulted in enhanced alveolar epithelial damage and apoptosis, as evaluated by histopathology, immunohistochemistry, ... | 2010 | 19617401 |
| a simple method for molecular detection of swine-origin and human-origin influenza a virus. | here we present a real-time one-step reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction sybr green assay derived from the method reported by van elden and collaborators ( 2001 ) that ensures the rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective detection of both seasonal influenza a virus and emerging (h1n1) swine-origin influenza a virus (s-oiv). in addition to this screening test, which successfully detected both seasonal influenza a virus and s-oiv in human clinical samples, we showed that the probe initiall ... | 2010 | 19505254 |
| seroprevalence and genetic characteristics of five subtypes of influenza a viruses in the chinese pig population: a pooled data analysis. | a literature review and pooled data analysis were carried out to examine the prevalence of antibodies against five influenza virus subtypes in pigs in china over a 10-year period (1999-2009). the average seropositive frequencies of subtypes h1, h3, h5, h7 and h9 were 3478/11,168 (31.1%), 2900/10,139 (28.6%), 77/5945 (1.3%), 0/1440 (0%) and 86/3619 (2.4%), respectively. there was a geographical variation in the seroprevalence of subtype h1, with the highest seroprevalence in pigs in south and eas ... | 2011 | 19945318 |
| critically ill patients with h1n1 influenza a undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. | the most common cause of death due to the h1n1 subtype of influenza a virus (swine flu) in the 2009 to 2010 epidemic was severe acute respiratory failure that persisted despite advanced mechanical ventilation strategies. extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ecmo) was used as a salvage therapy for patients refractory to traditional treatment. at legacy emanuel hospital, portland, oregon, the epidemic resulted in a critical care staffing crisis. among the 15 patients with h1n1 influenza a treated ... | 2011 | 21965390 |
| vaccination of influenza a virus decreases transmission rates in pigs. | abstract: limited information is available on the transmission and spread of influenza virus in pig populations with differing immune statuses. in this study we assessed differences in transmission patterns and quantified the spread of a triple reassortant h1n1 influenza virus in naive and vaccinated pig populations by estimating the reproduction ratio (r) of infection (i.e. the number of secondary infections caused by an infectious individual) using a deterministic susceptible-infectious-recove ... | 2011 | 22185601 |
| avian-type receptor-binding ability can increase influenza virus pathogenicity in macaques. | the first influenza pandemic of the 21st century was caused by novel h1n1 viruses that emerged in early 2009. an asp-to-gly change at position 222 of the receptor-binding protein hemagglutinin (ha) correlates with more-severe infections in humans. the amino acid at position 222 of ha contributes to receptor-binding specificity with asp (typically found in human influenza viruses) and gly (typically found in avian and classic h1n1 swine influenza viruses), conferring binding to human- and avian-t ... | 2011 | 21937653 |
| novel anti-viral characteristics of nanosized copper(i) iodide particles showing inactivation activity against 2009 pandemic h1n1 influenza virus. | we investigated the anti-viral activity of nanosized copper(i) iodide (cui) particles having an average size of 160 nm. cui particles showed aqueous stability and generated hydroxyl radicals, which were probably derived from monovalent copper (cu(+)). we confirmed that cui particles showed anti-viral activity against an influenza virus a of swine origin (pandemic (h1n1) 2009) on plaque titration assay. virus titer decreased in a dose-dependent manner upon incubation with cui particles, with the ... | 2011 | 22156433 |
| reassortant h9n2 influenza viruses containing h5n1-like pb1 genes isolated from black-billed magpies in southern china. | h9n2 influenza a viruses have become endemic in different types of terrestrial poultry and wild birds in asia, and are occasionally transmitted to humans and pigs. to evaluate the role of black-billed magpies (pica pica) in the evolution of influenza a virus, we conducted two epidemic surveys on avian influenza viruses in wild black-billed magpies in guangxi, china in 2005 and characterized three isolated black-billed magpie h9n2 viruses (bbm viruses). phylogenetic analysis indicated that three ... | 2011 | 21980538 |
| swine-origin influenza a (h3n2) virus infection in two children--indiana and pennsylvania, july-august 2011. | influenza a viruses are endemic in many animal species, including humans, swine, and wild birds, and sporadic cases of transmission of influenza a viruses between humans and animals do occur, including human infections with avian-origin influenza a viruses (i.e., h5n1 and h7n7) and swine-origin influenza a viruses (i.e., h1n1, h1n2, and h3n2). genetic analysis can distinguish animal origin influenza viruses from the seasonal human influenza viruses that circulate widely and cause annual epidemic ... | 2011 | 21900876 |
| [the proliferation of h1n1 subtype influenza viruses in a549 and beas-2b cells]. | analyze the proliferation of different host h1n1 subtype influenza viruses in a549 and beas-2b cells. | 2011 | 21977593 |
| single-step multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay for detection and differentiation of the 2009 h1n1 influenza a virus pandemic in thai swine populations. | a recently emerged h1n1 influenza a virus (pandemic h1n1 (ph1n1)) with a swine influenza virus (siv) genetic background spread globally from human-to-human causing the first influenza virus pandemic of the 21st century. in a short period, reverse zoonotic cases in pigs followed by a widespread of the virus in the pig population were documented. the implementation of effective control strategies, rapid diagnosis, and differentiation of such virus from endemically circulating siv in the various sw ... | 2011 | 21908367 |
| Severe influenza A (H1N1): the course of imaging findings. | An outbreak of respiratory illness caused by a novel swine-origin influenza virus (influenza A/H1N1 2009) that began in Mexico was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization in June 2009. The pandemic affected many countries, including Israel. | 2011 | 22097226 |
| representations of swine flu: perspectives from a malaysian pig farm. | novel influenza viruses are seen, internationally, as posing considerable health challenges, but public responses to such viruses are often rooted in cultural representations of disease and risk. however, little research has been conducted in locations associated with the origin of a pandemic. we examined representations and risk perceptions associated with swine flu amongst 120 malaysian pig farmers. thirty-seven per cent of respondents felt at particular risk of infection, two-thirds were some ... | 2011 | 21936262 |
| improved method for the isolation and sub-typing of avian influenza viruses from oropharyngeal samples of ducks. | waterfowl are the natural reservoirs of avian influenza viruses (aivs), from which the virus can spread to other species including humans, poultry, and swine. for the surveillance of aiv in their natural reservoir, most laboratories initially screen the samples using real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction because of its high speed and sensitivity. thereafter, virus isolation is used to isolate viruses from positive samples. although many studies point to the need of testing bo ... | 2011 | 22017043 |
| efficient surveillance of pig populations using oral fluids. | currently virus surveillance in swine herds is constrained by the cost-effectiveness and efficiency of sampling methods. the objective of this study was to assess the value of using oral fluids collected by barn personnel as a method of surveillance based on pcr testing. approximately 12,150 pigs in 10 wean-to-finish barns on 10 farms were monitored for the presence of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), influenza a virus (iav), and torq ... | 2011 | 22154249 |
| confirmed swine-origin influenza a(h1n1) viral pneumonia: computed tomographic findings in the immunocompetent and the immunocompromised. | this study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the computed ltomographic (ct) appearance of cases of swine-origin influenza a(h1n1) viral infection (s-oiv) in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients confirmed with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and to determine whether the timing of ct relative to the onset of symptoms affected the overall imaging appearance. | 2011 | 21926856 |
| swine to human transmission of reassortants of pandemic (h1n1) 2009 and endemic swine influenza viruses: abstract. | to gain insight into the possible origin of a new reassortant influenza a virus between pandemic (h1n1) 2009 and endemic swine viruses that has jumped the species barrier and caused a few infections among humans in indiana and pennsylvania recently, we analyzed all full genome sequences related to this virus and report its evolutionary history, but failed to determine how the virus had emerged simultaneously in two geographically distinct areas. | 2011 | 22158699 |
| Study of influenza A virus in wild boars living in a major duck wintering site. | Wild birds, which are reservoirs of influenza viruses, are believed to be the original source of new influenza viruses-including highly pathogenic ones-that can be transmitted to domestic animals as well as humans and represent a potential epizootic and/or pandemic threat. Despite increasing knowledge on influenza A virus dynamics in wild birds, the viral circulation in wild boars remains largely unknown. This is of particular interest since pigs can be infected with both human and avian viruses ... | 2011 | 22197763 |
| Use of plethysmography in assessing the efficacy of antivirals in a mouse model of pandemic influenza A virus. | The recently emerged swine-origin H1N1 influenza A virus (IAV) caused a pandemic outbreak in 2009 with higher risk of severe disease among children and pregnant women in their third trimester (Van Kerkhove et al., 2011), and is continuing to be important seasonal IAV strain. Mice are commonly used in antiviral studies as models of influenza disease, which utilize morbidity and mortality to assess the efficacy of a test compound. Here, we investigated the utility of unrestrained plethysomography ... | 2011 | 21867731 |
| development of diva (differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals) vaccines utilizing heterologous na and ns1 protein strategies for the control of triple reassortant h3n2 influenza in turkeys. | since 2003, triple reassortant (tr) swine h3n2 influenza viruses containing gene segments from human, avian, and swine origins have been detected in the u.s. turkey populations. the initial outbreak that occurred involved birds that were vaccinated with the currently available h3 swine- and avian-origin influenza vaccines. antigenically, all turkey swine-lineage tr h3n2 isolates are closely related to each other but show little or no antigenic cross-reactivity with the avian origin or swine orig ... | 2011 | 21907751 |
| interaction of porcine conventional dendritic cells with swine influenza virus. | swine influenza virus (swiv) causes sub-acute or acute respiratory infections on swine farms and pigs can act as "mixing vessels" for new influenza strains. knowledge of the immune response of swiv in its natural host, pigs, is very limited. dendritic cells (dcs) mediate the induction of immunity to pathogens, but their interaction with swiv has not been fully characterized. thus, porcine bone marrow derived dcs (pobmdcs) were exposed to a circulating strain of h3n2 swiv in vitro. infection of p ... | 2011 | 21962444 |
| the first identified case of pandemic h1n1 influenza in pigs in australia. | a 300-sow farrow-to-finish herd in new south wales was infected with influenza pandemic (h1n1) 2009 (h1n1/09) virus in july 2009 and became the first recorded case of influenza in pigs in australia. the outbreak resulted from human-to-pig transmission. clinical signs in affected pigs were mild compared with overseas reports of 'classical' swine influenza virus and included coughing and decreased appetite in a small proportion of non-lactating breeding stock, weaners, growers and finishers. a dia ... | 2011 | 22008120 |
| h5n1 whole-virus vaccine induces neutralizing antibodies in humans which are protective in a mouse passive transfer model. | vero cell culture-derived whole-virus h5n1 vaccines have been extensively tested in clinical trials and consistently demonstrated to be safe and immunogenic; however, clinical efficacy is difficult to evaluate in the absence of wide-spread human disease. a lethal mouse model has been utilized which allows investigation of the protective efficacy of active vaccination or passive transfer of vaccine induced sera following lethal h5n1 challenge. | 2011 | 21876771 |
| clinical characteristics of 2009 pandemic influenza a (h1n1) infection in children and the performance of rapid antigen test. | in autumn 2009, the swine-origin influenza a (h1n1) virus spread throughout south korea. the aims of this study were to determine the clinical characteristics of children infected by the 2009 h1n1 influenza a virus, and to compare the rapid antigen and real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) tests. | 2011 | 22232622 |
| vaccination with a soluble recombinant hemagglutinin trimer protects pigs against a challenge with pandemic (h1n1) 2009 influenza virus. | in 2009 a new influenza a/h1n1 virus strain ("pandemic (h1n1) 2009", h1n1v) emerged that rapidly spread around the world. the virus is suspected to have originated in swine through reassortment and to have subsequently crossed the species-barrier towards humans. several cases of reintroduction into pigs have since been reported, which could possibly create a reservoir for human exposure or ultimately become endemic in the pig population with similar clinical disease problems as current swine inf ... | 2011 | 21219983 |
| comment on: hemodialysis and immunization against swine flu. | 2011 | 21529277 | |
| cellular transcripts regulated during infections with highly pathogenic h5n1 avian influenza virus in 3 host systems. | abstract: | 2011 | 21529348 |
| clinical and epidemiological characteristics of novel ahin1 flu. | swine influenza is respiratory infection caused by virus influenza a h1n1. | 2011 | 21534444 |
| barriers to vaccinating the elderly with h1n1 vaccine. | introduction:: the development of a monovalent 2009 h1n1 influenza (swine flu) vaccine for the 2009-2010 season prompted a nationwide campaign of vaccination. the authors assessed the frequency of influenza vaccine usage among 3858 elderly patients with their practice and the most common barriers to receiving vaccine. methods:: the authors calculated the usage of seasonal and 2009 h1n1 vaccines among seniors with their university practice and surveyed a cohort of 64 patients to determine whether ... | 2011 | 21537156 |
| extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and swine flu. | 2011 | 21537971 | |
| identification of the role of rig-i, mda-5 and tlr3 in sensing rna viruses in porcine epithelial cells using lentivirus-driven rna interference. | pathogen recognition receptors are essential for antiviral host immune responses. these specialized receptors detect conserved viral compounds and induce type i interferons (ifn) and pro-inflammatory cytokines. here we evaluated the contribution of rig-i, mda-5 and tlr3 to the recognition of classical swine fever (csfv), foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv), vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) and influenza a virus (iav) to ifn-β responses in the porcine epithelial cell line pk-15. to this end, we i ... | 2011 | 21539869 |
| [pandemic influenza 2009 in russia. characteristics of the isolation and biological properties of viruses]. | research institute of influenza, ministry of health and social development of russia, saint petersburg the characteristics of the isolation of pandemic influenza a(h1n1)v viruses were studied on chick embryos (ce) and mdck cell culture. the materials (nasal swabs and autopsies) were collected in different regions russia in the period from 20 july to 30 december 2009. the paper gives the data of the antigenic analysis of isolates, their capacity to multiply in different species-specific and tissu ... | 2011 | 21545032 |
| swine influenza (h1n1) pneumonia in hospitalized adults: chest film findings. | in patients with swine influenza (h1n1) pneumonia, the admission chest film is critical to rapidly detect simultaneous bacterial pneumonia due to staphylococcus aureus or subsequent bacterial pneumonia due to streptococcus pneumoniae or haemophilus influenzae by the presence of focal infiltrates. our objective was to characterize the chest film findings in 25 adults hospitalized with h1n1 pneumonia during the pandemic and detect focal infiltrates indicative of bacterial coinfection, that is, bac ... | 2011 | 21545936 |
| severe swine influenza a (h1n1) versus severe human seasonal influenza a (h(3)n(2)): clinical comparisons. | at the beginning of the swine influenza (h1n1) pandemic in the spring of 2009, there were still stories of human seasonal influenza a circulating in the new york area. adult patients admitted with influenza-like illnesses (ilis) (fever > 102°f, dry cough, and myalgias) presented diagnostic problems. first, clinicians had to differentiate ilis from influenza, and then differentiate human seasonal influenza a from h1n1 in hospitalized adults with ilis and negative chest films (no focal segmental/l ... | 2011 | 21545937 |
| n-acetylcysteine lacks universal inhibitory activity against influenza a viruses. | abstract: n-acetylcysteine (nac) has been recently proposed as an adjuvant therapeutic drug for influenza pneumonia in humans. this proposal is based on its ability to restrict influenza virus replication in vitro and to attenuate the severity of the disease in mouse models. although available studies were made with different viruses (human and avian), published information related to the anti-influenza spectrum of nac is scarce. in this study, we show that nac is unable to alter the course of a ... | 2011 | 21554703 |
| natural supplements for h1n1 influenza: retrospective observational infodemiology study of information and search activity on the internet. | as the incidence of h1n1 increases, the lay public may turn to the internet for information about natural supplements for prevention and treatment. | 2011 | 21558062 |
| universal oligonucleotide microarray for sub-typing of influenza a virus. | a universal microchip was developed for genotyping influenza a viruses. it contains two sets of oligonucleotide probes allowing viruses to be classified by the subtypes of hemagglutinin (h1-h13, h15, h16) and neuraminidase (n1-n9). additional sets of probes are used to detect h1n1 swine influenza viruses. selection of probes was done in two steps. initially, amino acid sequences specific to each subtype were identified, and then the most specific and representative oligonucleotide probes were se ... | 2011 | 21559081 |
| sex- and age-related differences in morbidity rates of 2009 pandemic influenza a h1n1 virus of swine origin in japan. | the objective of the present study was to determine whether the morbidity rates of the 2009 pandemic influenza a h1n1 virus (pdmh1n1) varied by age and/or sex. | 2011 | 21559366 |
| pa residues in the 2009 h1n1 pandemic influenza virus enhance avian virus polymerase activity in mammalian cells. | the 2009 pandemic influenza virus (ph1n1) is a swine-origin reassortant containing human, avian, and swine influenza genes. we have previously shown that the polymerase complex of the ph1n1 strain a/california/04/2009 (cal) is highly active in mammalian 293t cells, despite the avian origin of both its pa and pb2. in this study, we analyzed the polymerase residues that are responsible for high ph1n1 polymerase activity in the mammalian host. characterization of polymerase complexes containing var ... | 2011 | 21561908 |
| substitution of specific cysteine residues in e1 glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus strain brescia affects formation of e1-e2 heterodimers and alters virulence in swine. | e1, along with e(rns) and e2, is one of the three envelope glycoproteins of classical swine fever virus (csfv). e1 and e2 are anchored to the virus envelope at their carboxyl termini and e(rns) loosely associates with the viral envelope. in infected cells, e2 forms homodimers and heterodimers with e1 mediated by disulfide bridges between cysteine residues. the e1 protein of csfv strain brescia contains six cysteine residues at positions 5, 20, 24, 94, 123 and 171. the role of these residues in t ... | 2011 | 21561909 |
| genetic diversity and antiviral drug resistance of pandemic h1n1 2009 in lebanon. | background: in june 2009, the world health organization announced the 21st century's first influenza pandemic caused by pandemic influenza h1n1 2009 (h1n1 pdm). objectives: our goal was to analyze antiviral drug resistance and the phylogenetic relationships among hemagglutinin (ha) and neuraminidase (na) genes of h1n1 pdm samples in lebanon. study design: nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from 197 patients with influenza-like illness from may 2009 through january 2010. of the 50 influenza a-po ... | 2011 | 21565547 |
| dynamic variations in the peripheral blood lymphocyte subgroups of patients with 2009 pandemic h1n1 swine-origin influenza a virus infection. | abstract: | 2011 | 21569236 |
| development and evaluation of an m2-293ft cell-based flow cytometric assay for quantification of antibody response to native form of matrix protein 2 of influenza a viruses. | matrix protein 2 (m2) of influenza a viruses is an attractive target for the development of broadly cross-protective influenza vaccines and therapeutic antibodies. the available evidence suggests that antibodies reactive to the natural tetrameric form of m2 proteins, rather than those to synthetic peptides of m2 ectodomain (m2e), best correlate with m2-mediated immune protection. however, the current ability to quantify strain-specific and/or subtype-cross-reactive m2 antibodies against the natu ... | 2011 | 21570401 |
| involvement of type i immune responses in swine-origin h1n1 influenza virus infection. | swine-origin h1n1 influenza virus (s-oiv) appeared in 2009 with a higher incidence rate among children. although fever was the most common symptom, some complicated cases occurred. we evaluated the percentages of effector t cells, b cells, and regulatory t cells in peripheral blood from 5 children infected by s-oiv (1 with acute necrotizing encephalitis, 2 with pneumonia, and 2 without complications), 5 children with seasonal influenza, and 5 healthy children. we found higher percentages of t-be ... | 2011 | 21571020 |
| the use of twitter to track levels of disease activity and public concern in the u.s. during the influenza a h1n1 pandemic. | twitter is a free social networking and micro-blogging service that enables its millions of users to send and read each other's "tweets," or short, 140-character messages. the service has more than 190 million registered users and processes about 55 million tweets per day. useful information about news and geopolitical events lies embedded in the twitter stream, which embodies, in the aggregate, twitter users' perspectives and reactions to current events. by virtue of sheer volume, content embed ... | 2011 | 21573238 |
| estimating background rates of guillain-barre syndrome in ontario in order to respond to safety concerns during pandemic h1n1/09 immunization campaign. | abstract: background: the province of ontario, canada initiated mass immunization clinics with adjuvanted pandemic h1n1 influenza vaccine in october 2009. due to the campaign's scale, temporal associations with guillain-barre syndrome (gbs) and vaccination were expected. the objectives of this analysis were to estimate the number of background gbs cases expected to occur in the projected vaccinated population and to estimate the number of additional gbs cases which would be expected if an associ ... | 2011 | 21586163 |
| comparative pathology in ferrets infected with h1n1 influenza a viruses isolated from different hosts. | virus replication and pulmonary disease pathogenesis in ferrets following intranasal infection with a pandemic influenza strain (a/california/4/09; ca09), a human seasonal influenza h1n1 isolate (a/new caledonia/20/99; ncal99), a classical swine influenza h1n1 isolate (a/swine/iowa/15/30; sw30), or an avian h1n1 isolate (a/mallard/mn/a108-2355/08; mal08) were compared. nasal wash virus titers were similar for ncal99 and sw30 with peak virus titers of 10(5.1) tcid(50)/ml and 10(5.5) tcid(50)/ml o ... | 2011 | 21593156 |